Ottoman historical documents: the institutions of an empire
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Edinburgh
Edinburgh University Press
[2021]
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| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Physical Description: | xix, 207 Seiten, 3 ungezählte Blätter Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781474479370 9781474479363 |
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| adam_text | Contents Note on Transliteration The Islamic Months The Ottoman Sultans, cl300-1687 List of Illustrations Preface Maps Figures CHAPTER I The Dynasty: Legitimation and Titulature Section 1 The Assertions of the Chroniclers 1 The voice of the dervishes: the dream of Ertoģrul la From the Anonymous Chronicles lb From the Tevārīkh-i Āl-i Osman 2 The voice of the gāzīs՛, how Osman became an independent ruler 3 The voice of the ulema·, how Osman became an independent ruler 3a Kitab-i Cihan-niima about why Osman and his descendants were called ģāzī 3b Kitab-i Cihan-niima about how the drum and the standard came to Osman 4 Pagan Turkish tradition: the genealogy of the Ottoman sultans 4a Yazıcıoğlu ‘All on the line of Osman 4b Şükrullâh on the line of Osman 5 Conflation in the Oxford Anonymous Chronicle Section 2 Titulature: Caliphal Claims 1 Inscription of Kayhosrev II ( 1236—46) on a tower of the sea walls at Antalya 2 Inscription on the tomb of the Aydin-oglu Muhammad (d. 1334) at Birgi 3 Inscription of 1337 from the Şehadet Mosque in Bursa 4 Inscription from abridge in Ankara, dated 1375 5 Other inscriptions referring to Murād I 6 Dedicatory notice in a Qur’an preserved in the mausoleum of Murād I 7 Inscription on the tomb of Bãyezld I, dated 809/1406-7 8 Title-page of an almanac (in Persian), dated 824 (1421) xii xiii xiv xvi xvii xx xxii 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10
vi OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS 9 A reference in Ţursun Beg’s History of Mehmed II 10 A reference in Celālzāde’s History of Süleyman I 11 Ebu’s-Su ūd’s proemium to his statement on‘state lands’ 12 The second deposition of Muştala I, 1623 13 Fatwas on the Ghalzay Ashraf, 1726 14 Süleyman I to Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, 1554 Sources 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 CHAPTER II The Dynasty: Princes Section 1 The Appointment of Princes in the Early Fourteenth Century 1 Osman’s sons 2 Orhān’s sons 3 Orhān’s sons, after the conquest of Nicaea Section 2 Princely Governorships 1 Prince Ķorkud leaves Istanbul for his governorship 2 A letter from Prince Alemşah’s mother Gülrüh to Bâyezïd II 3 A decree of Prince Ahmed to the yaya yoldaşlar 4 A decree of Prince Selim [II] 5 A decree of Prince Mehmed [III] Section 3 Fratricide 1 A statement of the former Byzantine Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos (d. 1383) 2 The accession of Bâyezïd I, 1389 2a From the Anonymous Chronicles 2b From Karamam Mehmed Pasha’s historical treatise on the Ottomans 3 The civil war (1402-13) 4 The accession of Murād II, 1421 5 The accession of Bâyezïd II, 1481 6 The first accession of Mehmed II, 1444 7 The second accession of Mehmed II, 1451 7a From Michael Doukas’s HistoriaTurco-Byzantina 7b From Ibn Kemāl’s Tevârih-i Âl-i Osman 8 Popular criticism of fratricide: the story of the abdication of All Pasha 9 The accession of Mehmed III, 1595 10 The accession of Ahmed I, 1603 Sources 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 23 24 CHAPTER III The Dynasty: Recruitment into the Sultan’s Service
Section 1 Pencik and Devşirme 1 A decree regulating the pencik 2 Tolls to be levied on slaves taken across the Bosphorus 3 A template decree for levying boys for the devşirme 4 A Janissary lobbies the sultan on behalf of his family 5 Escaping the devşirme 6 The recovery of a captured novice Section 2 Promotion to the Sultan’s Service 1 Command to the aga of the Janissaries, 1562/3 2 Command to the aga of the Janissaries, 1567/8 26 26 26 28 29 30 31 31 31 32 32
CONTENTS 3 Command to the ağa of the Janissaries, 1560/1 4 Command to the ağa of the Janissaries, 1573/4 5 Command to the aga of the Janissaries, 1583 6 The pay of palace servants: an account register from 1478 Section 3 Berāts 1 The appointment of a preacher in Bursa 2 The appointment of a beglerbegi 3 The appointment of a kādi 4 The appointment of a metropolitan 5 The appointment of mountain guards Sources CHAPTER IV The Vizierate and the Dîvân 1 VmeĀsaf-nāme of LuţffPaşa 2 The dīvām a Venetian account 3 Submissions to the sultan 3 a Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3b Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3c Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3d Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3 e Submission of Yemişçi Џаѕап Paşa 3f Submission of the grand vizier Mehmed Paşa 4 The sultan’s written instructions 5 The death of a grand vizier: the report of Henry Lello, English ambassador, 1597-1607 Vil 32 32 33 33 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 39 39 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 52 53 Sources 53 55 CHAPTER V The Provincial Administration and the Ttmūr System 1 From the report of Iacopo de Promontorio, c 1475-80 2 An entry in a tīmār-register, with marginal notes 2a Tīmār of İnebegi and Hüseyn, sons of ser asker Hasan 2b [Possibly relating to the village of Yılmça] 2c [possibly relating to the village of Pirvol] 3 Two entries from the detailed register of Amid, 1518 3a Tīmār of Yemini the Kurd, a sipāhī of the sancaķ of Am id 3b Tīmār of Sa du ’ İlâh the yaşavul, a sipāhī of the sancaķ of Amid 4 Sundry marginalnotes ina summary-register of Cİ445, Thessaloniki etc. 5
Marginal notes in a similar register of 1455, Skopje 5a Tīmār of Mūsā, retainer (hidmetkãr) of ‘īsā Beg 5b Tīmār of Yûsuf, kinsman of the mır-ahur Hamza Beg 6 Two tīmār grants 6a Thessaloniki: the tīmār of Mehmed 6b Yalakabad [in the sancaķ of] Kocaeli 7 Conversion of privately owned revenue to a tew-estate 8 A call for volunteers before the Moldavian campaign, 1484 9 Submissions by and to the sancaķ begi of Bosnia, Cİ512-14 56 57 60 60 61 61 62 62 62 63 64 64 64 65 65 65 65 66 66
viii OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS 9a The sancaķ begi of Işkodra to Yûnus Paşa of Bosnia 9b The sancak begi of Zvornik to Yunus 9c The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the m ib of Visoka 9d The sancaķ begi of Bosnia to the Porte 9e The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Porte 9f The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Porte 9g The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Paşa 9Һ The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Paşa 10 ‘The good old days’ Sources 66 66 67 67 67 68 68 68 68 69 CHAPTER VI The Religio-legal Institution Section 1 Law and Religious Practice 1 Passages on the law of sale from HanafT legal texts la From al-Matn of al-Qudūrī (d. 1037) lb From al-īkhtiyārfi ta Ίīl al-Muķhtār of al-Mūsilī (d. 1284) lc From al֊Fatāwā of Qâdîkhân (d. 1195) 2 к fatwâ on the application of Shāfi ī doctrine 3 A fatwa on acquiring land for a new mosque construction 4 к fatwa on taxing land occupied by descendants of the Prophet 5 A fatwa on a kadi granting unauthorised tax exemptions 6 A fatwa on Rumelian kādis issuing hiiccets 7 A fatwa on sipahis taking a tithe 8 A fatwa on Muslim villagers neglecting prayer 9 A fatwa on money fines for neglecting prayer 10 A fatwa on executing a repentant heretic şeyh 11 Command to the sancaķbegi of Amasya 12 Command to the sancaķbegi of Amasya, ílyãs beg 13 To the sancaķbegi of Kastamonu and the kādi of Küre 14 To the kādi of Niksar Section 2 The Administration of Law 1 A hüccet on repairs to a monastery on Mount Athos 2 A hüccet on returning a defective slave-girl to the vendor 3 A sicill-entry on the sale of a vacant site by a Muslim to a dhimmi 4 A sicill-entry on a debt owed by a
dhimmi to a Muslim 5 A sicill-entry on a money loan 6 A sicill-entry on the daughter of a recent convert 7 A sicill-entry on divorce and the legality of the wife’s second marriage 8 A sicill-entry on cloth measuring short 9 A sicill-entry on unsatisfactory goods 10 A sicill-entry on a complaint by the weavers’ guild 11 A sicill-entry on a smith not receiving his dues 12 A sicill-entry on the payment of tax on a slave-girl 13 A sicill-entry on the ownership of sheep 14 A ,vic;7/-entry on a burglary 15 A sicill-entry on a violent argument between father and son 16 A sicill-entry on a command to the sancaķbegi^ and kadis of Anatoli 71 71 72 72 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 74 74 74 75 75 75 76 76 77 78 78 79 79 79 79 80 80 80 80 80 81 81 81 81 82
CONTENTS ЇХ լ 7 A ««//-entry on a command to the kādī and the inspector of muhata as 18 A fatwa on contracting marriage between minors 19 A fatwã on the validity of contracting marriage without the kādi ΊΟ A fatwã on re-marrying without intermediate marriage 21 A fatwã on giving customs money as zākāt 22 A fatwã on giving alms 23 A fatwã on a preacher’s statement about a kādi 24 A fatwã on the testimony of foreign merchants (harbî) against a dhimmī 25 A fatwã on a Christian woman’s charitable endowment 26 A fatwã on the Ottoman conquest of Istanbul and its surroundings 27 A fatwã on slaves purchasing slaves of their own 28 A fatwã on the sultan’s slaves contracting marriages 29 A fatwã on a kādi acting outside his jurisdiction 30 A fatwã on the dismissal of a debauched kādi 31 A fatwã on the death of a falsely accused person after wrongful torture 32 A fatwã on extortionate loan transactions 33 A fatwã on tax income for sipahis 34 A fatwã on tax income, including in kind, for sipahis 35 Afatwã on bennük tax 36 A fatwã on capitation tax {¡spenge), grape tithe and taxes on pigs 37 A fatwã on a rebellious son of the sultan 38 A fatwã on those who lead the sultan astray 39 A fatwã on deposing a sultan who disturbs order by accepting bribery 40 A fatwã on the legality of killing fomenters of corruption 41 A fatwã on punishment for a thief stealing from the imperial treasury Sources 82 82 83 83 83 83 83 84 84 84 85 85 85 85 86 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 88 88 88 88 CHAPTER VII Ķānttnnūmes 91 1 2 3 4 5 6 The ‘Kraelitz text’ The ķānūnnāme of Hiidāvendgār, 1487 Extracts from the ‘general’
ķānūnnāme, cl500 The ķānūnnāme of Siverek, 1518 The ķānūnnāme of Sis, 1518 The ķānūnnāme of Nikopol, reign of Süleyman I 6a Instructions on dealing with the tīmārs of the district 6b Exposition of the ķānūnnāme of the voynuks 7 Extracts from the ķānūnnāme of Egypt, after 1525 Sources 92 99 104 108 109 110 110 115 117 119 CHAPTER VIII 121 1 2 Taxation and Finance Annual income and expenditure of the Imperial Treasury la An estimate of treasury income and expenditure, cl 475-80 lb An estimate of treasury income and expenditure for the years 1527-8 Customs and mukāta as 2a Entry from a register of mukata as 2b Entry from a register of muķāta as 2c A decree granting a muķāta a 122 122 127 130 130 130 130
X OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS 2d The problems of a tax-farmer 2e Demand for the delivery of payment due from a tax-farm 2f Tax avoidance 2g Tax arrangements in newly conquered fortified towns 2Һ A command written to the ķādī and the fortress-commander of Kili 3 Silver mines 3 a Instructions to a fanner of silver mines 3b Extract from a register for Bosnia, 1489 4 Jizya 4a Instructions to ay/zya-collector 4b Two extracts from a jizya register 4c Accounts for the jizya of the infidels of the vilâyet of Menlik 5 Debasement of the coinage 5a Debasement under Mehmed II 5b A debasement heralds a mutiny Sources 131 131 132 133 134 134 134 135 135 135 137 138 139 139 139 140 CHAPTER IX Waqfs Section 1 Foundation and Function 1 Founding a waqf 2 A vizierai waqf 3 A new waqf 4 Waqfs established by conquerors and colonisers 4a Thewaq/ofMurãdl 4b The waqf of the Şanı Şeyh 4c Note protecting dervishes who descend from the district’s conqueror 5 The Waqf of Mūsā 5a A note on the village of Kızıl Delti, 1412 5b A register entry on the waqf of Kızıl Delii, sixteenth century 5c A renewed berät for Kızıl Delii Sultan’s waqf, 1641/2 5d An undated register entry on the waqf of Kızıl Delti 5e Note appended to an undated register entry on the waqf of Kızıl Delti 6 The Waqfoî Orhān 7 Waqfs in decline 7a The Waqf of Derviş Bâyezîd in Seydî Kavağı 7b The Waqfoî Sağrı Hatun 7c Waqf of the zaviye of Ķādī Salāhu’d-Dīn 8 The waqßya of Selçük bint AbduTlāh, freedwoman of Mehmed Section 2 Problems 1 A cash and famfiy waqf 2 Cash and charitable waqfs 2a The Waqf of charitable donors (erbāb-i hayrat) in
the quarter 2b Waqf of charitable donors 2c Waqfof Hāccī Mehmed in the village of Şeynelti 2d The Waqf of Hāccī Hasan b. Ūrūc the Felter 3 Cash waqfo՝. Questions of legality 3a A question on donating profit from interest 141 141 142 142 149 150 150 150 150 151 151 151 151 152 152 152 153 153 153 153 154 154 155 155 155 155 156 156 156 156
CONTENTS 3b 3c 3d A question on interest A question on using legal devices A question on making restitution for not lendingout waqfmoneys Sources CHAPTER X 1 2 3 Treaties and Foreign Relations ХІ 157 157 157 157 159 The Genoese treaty with Murad I, 1387 The Byzantine-Turkish Treaty of 1403 The peace settlement of 1444 3 a The sworn statement of Ibrahim Begof Ķaramān, 1444 3b The Treaty of Edime, 1444 4 A grant of peace and of free passage for merchants 5 An offer to pay tribute 6 The peace terms offered by Süleyman I to Charles V, 1547 7 The English capitulations, 1580 8 The troubles of an ambassador 9 Latin text of the agreement at Zsitva-Torok, 1606 Sources 160 162 165 165 166 167 167 168 169 172 172 174 Glossary Bibliography Index 175 184 196
This collection of translated primary sources for Ottoman history - edited with notes and commentary ֊ shows how the major institutions of Ottoman government developed, and how they functioned in practice. Each chapter covers a key topic and includes a brief introduction to provide context for the documents which follow: • Legitimation and titulature • Princes / • Recruitment into the Sultans service / • The vizierate » Provincial administration and die tímár system • The religio-legal institution • Ķānūnnāmes (legal codes) • Taxation and finance • Waqfs (endowments) • Treaties and foreign relations Annotations and a glossary explaining technical terminology and problems of interpretation within each item are also included. Key Features • A systematic collection of source materials for students of Ottoman history • Fluent translations with technical vocabulary explained in the notes and glossary, making the documents accessible to teachers and students • A succinct introduction to each chapter, placing the documents in context • Translations from Ottoman Turkish, Greek, Arabic, Persian, Latin and Italian, showcasing die different types of source material encountered in historical research • Provides valuable comparative material for historians of the late mediaeval and early modern Mediterranean and Middle East
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Contents Note on Transliteration The Islamic Months The Ottoman Sultans, cl300-1687 List of Illustrations Preface Maps Figures CHAPTER I The Dynasty: Legitimation and Titulature Section 1 The Assertions of the Chroniclers 1 The voice of the dervishes: the dream of Ertoģrul la From the Anonymous Chronicles lb From the Tevārīkh-i Āl-i Osman 2 The voice of the gāzīs՛, how Osman became an independent ruler 3 The voice of the ulema·, how Osman became an independent ruler 3a Kitab-i Cihan-niima about why Osman and his descendants were called ģāzī 3b Kitab-i Cihan-niima about how the drum and the standard came to Osman 4 Pagan Turkish tradition: the genealogy of the Ottoman sultans 4a Yazıcıoğlu ‘All on the line of Osman 4b Şükrullâh on the line of Osman 5 Conflation in the Oxford Anonymous Chronicle Section 2 Titulature: Caliphal Claims 1 Inscription of Kayhosrev II ( 1236—46) on a tower of the sea walls at Antalya 2 Inscription on the tomb of the Aydin-oglu Muhammad (d. 1334) at Birgi 3 Inscription of 1337 from the Şehadet Mosque in Bursa 4 Inscription from abridge in Ankara, dated 1375 5 Other inscriptions referring to Murād I 6 Dedicatory notice in a Qur’an preserved in the mausoleum of Murād I 7 Inscription on the tomb of Bãyezld I, dated 809/1406-7 8 Title-page of an almanac (in Persian), dated 824 (1421) xii xiii xiv xvi xvii xx xxii 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 10 10
vi OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS 9 A reference in Ţursun Beg’s History of Mehmed II 10 A reference in Celālzāde’s History of Süleyman I 11 Ebu’s-Su'ūd’s proemium to his statement on‘state lands’ 12 The second deposition of Muştala I, 1623 13 Fatwas on the Ghalzay Ashraf, 1726 14 Süleyman I to Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, 1554 Sources 10 10 10 11 11 12 12 CHAPTER II The Dynasty: Princes Section 1 The Appointment of Princes in the Early Fourteenth Century 1 Osman’s sons 2 Orhān’s sons 3 Orhān’s sons, after the conquest of Nicaea Section 2 Princely Governorships 1 Prince Ķorkud leaves Istanbul for his governorship 2 A letter from Prince 'Alemşah’s mother Gülrüh to Bâyezïd II 3 A decree of Prince Ahmed to the yaya yoldaşlar 4 A decree of Prince Selim [II] 5 A decree of Prince Mehmed [III] Section 3 Fratricide 1 A statement of the former Byzantine Emperor John VI Kantakouzenos (d. 1383) 2 The accession of Bâyezïd I, 1389 2a From the Anonymous Chronicles 2b From Karamam Mehmed Pasha’s historical treatise on the Ottomans 3 The civil war (1402-13) 4 The accession of Murād II, 1421 5 The accession of Bâyezïd II, 1481 6 The first accession of Mehmed II, 1444 7 The second accession of Mehmed II, 1451 7a From Michael Doukas’s HistoriaTurco-Byzantina 7b From Ibn Kemāl’s Tevârih-i Âl-i Osman 8 Popular criticism of fratricide: the story of the abdication of 'All Pasha 9 The accession of Mehmed III, 1595 10 The accession of Ahmed I, 1603 Sources 14 14 14 14 15 15 15 16 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 22 22 23 24 CHAPTER III The Dynasty: Recruitment into the Sultan’s Service
Section 1 Pencik and Devşirme 1 A decree regulating the pencik 2 Tolls to be levied on slaves taken across the Bosphorus 3 A template decree for levying boys for the devşirme 4 A Janissary lobbies the sultan on behalf of his family 5 Escaping the devşirme 6 The recovery of a captured novice Section 2 Promotion to the Sultan’s Service 1 Command to the aga of the Janissaries, 1562/3 2 Command to the aga of the Janissaries, 1567/8 26 26 26 28 29 30 31 31 31 32 32
CONTENTS 3 Command to the ağa of the Janissaries, 1560/1 4 Command to the ağa of the Janissaries, 1573/4 5 Command to the aga of the Janissaries, 1583 6 The pay of palace servants: an account register from 1478 Section 3 Berāts 1 The appointment of a preacher in Bursa 2 The appointment of a beglerbegi 3 The appointment of a kādi 4 The appointment of a metropolitan 5 The appointment of mountain guards Sources CHAPTER IV The Vizierate and the Dîvân 1 VmeĀsaf-nāme of LuţffPaşa 2 The dīvām a Venetian account 3 Submissions to the sultan 3 a Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3b Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3c Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3d Submission of the vizier Yemişçi Hasan Paşa 3 e Submission of Yemişçi Џаѕап Paşa 3f Submission of the grand vizier Mehmed Paşa 4 The sultan’s written instructions 5 The death of a grand vizier: the report of Henry Lello, English ambassador, 1597-1607 Vil 32 32 33 33 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 39 39 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 52 53 Sources 53 55 CHAPTER V The Provincial Administration and the Ttmūr System 1 From the report of Iacopo de Promontorio, c 1475-80 2 An entry in a tīmār-register, with marginal notes 2a Tīmār of İnebegi and Hüseyn, sons of ser asker Hasan 2b [Possibly relating to the village of Yılmça] 2c [possibly relating to the village of Pirvol] 3 Two entries from the detailed register of Amid, 1518 3a Tīmār of Yemini the Kurd, a sipāhī of the sancaķ of Am id 3b Tīmār of Sa du ’ İlâh the yaşavul, a sipāhī of the sancaķ of Amid 4 Sundry marginalnotes ina summary-register of Cİ445, Thessaloniki etc. 5
Marginal notes in a similar register of 1455, Skopje 5a Tīmār of Mūsā, retainer (hidmetkãr) of ‘īsā Beg 5b Tīmār of Yûsuf, kinsman of the mır-ahur Hamza Beg 6 Two tīmār grants 6a Thessaloniki: the tīmār of Mehmed 6b Yalakabad [in the sancaķ of] Kocaeli 7 Conversion of privately owned revenue to a tew-estate 8 A call for volunteers before the Moldavian campaign, 1484 9 Submissions by and to the sancaķ begi of Bosnia, Cİ512-14 56 57 60 60 61 61 62 62 62 63 64 64 64 65 65 65 65 66 66
viii OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS 9a The sancaķ begi of Işkodra to Yûnus Paşa of Bosnia 9b The sancak begi of Zvornik to Yunus 9c The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the m 'ib of Visoka 9d The sancaķ begi of Bosnia to the Porte 9e The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Porte 9f The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Porte 9g The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Paşa 9Һ The sancaķbegi of Bosnia to the Paşa 10 ‘The good old days’ Sources 66 66 67 67 67 68 68 68 68 69 CHAPTER VI The Religio-legal Institution Section 1 Law and Religious Practice 1 Passages on the law of sale from HanafT legal texts la From al-Matn of al-Qudūrī (d. 1037) lb From al-īkhtiyārfi ta Ίīl al-Muķhtār of al-Mūsilī (d. 1284) lc From al֊Fatāwā of Qâdîkhân (d. 1195) 2 к fatwâ on the application of Shāfi'ī doctrine 3 A fatwa on acquiring land for a new mosque construction 4 к fatwa on taxing land occupied by descendants of the Prophet 5 A fatwa on a kadi granting unauthorised tax exemptions 6 A fatwa on Rumelian kādis issuing hiiccets 7 A fatwa on sipahis taking a tithe 8 A fatwa on Muslim villagers neglecting prayer 9 A fatwa on money fines for neglecting prayer 10 A fatwa on executing a repentant heretic şeyh 11 Command to the sancaķbegi of Amasya 12 Command to the sancaķbegi of Amasya, ílyãs beg 13 To the sancaķbegi of Kastamonu and the kādi of Küre 14 To the kādi of Niksar Section 2 The Administration of Law 1 A hüccet on repairs to a monastery on Mount Athos 2 A hüccet on returning a defective slave-girl to the vendor 3 A sicill-entry on the sale of a vacant site by a Muslim to a dhimmi 4 A sicill-entry on a debt owed by a
dhimmi to a Muslim 5 A sicill-entry on a money loan 6 A sicill-entry on the daughter of a recent convert 7 A sicill-entry on divorce and the legality of the wife’s second marriage 8 A sicill-entry on cloth measuring short 9 A sicill-entry on unsatisfactory goods 10 A sicill-entry on a complaint by the weavers’ guild 11 A sicill-entry on a smith not receiving his dues 12 A sicill-entry on the payment of tax on a slave-girl 13 A sicill-entry on the ownership of sheep 14 A ,vic;7/-entry on a burglary 15 A sicill-entry on a violent argument between father and son 16 A sicill-entry on a command to the sancaķbegi^ and kadis of Anatoli 71 71 72 72 72 72 72 73 73 73 73 74 74 74 75 75 75 76 76 77 78 78 79 79 79 79 80 80 80 80 80 81 81 81 81 82
CONTENTS ЇХ լ 7 A ««//-entry on a command to the kādī and the inspector of muhata as 18 A fatwa on contracting marriage between minors 19 A fatwã on the validity of contracting marriage without the kādi ΊΟ A fatwã on re-marrying without intermediate marriage 21 A fatwã on giving customs money as zākāt 22 A fatwã on giving alms 23 A fatwã on a preacher’s statement about a kādi 24 A fatwã on the testimony of foreign merchants (harbî) against a dhimmī 25 A fatwã on a Christian woman’s charitable endowment 26 A fatwã on the Ottoman conquest of Istanbul and its surroundings 27 A fatwã on slaves purchasing slaves of their own 28 A fatwã on the sultan’s slaves contracting marriages 29 A fatwã on a kādi acting outside his jurisdiction 30 A fatwã on the dismissal of a debauched kādi 31 A fatwã on the death of a falsely accused person after wrongful torture 32 A fatwã on extortionate loan transactions 33 A fatwã on tax income for sipahis 34 A fatwã on tax income, including in kind, for sipahis 35 Afatwã on bennük tax 36 A fatwã on capitation tax {¡spenge), grape tithe and taxes on pigs 37 A fatwã on a rebellious son of the sultan 38 A fatwã on those who lead the sultan astray 39 A fatwã on deposing a sultan who disturbs order by accepting bribery 40 A fatwã on the legality of killing fomenters of corruption 41 A fatwã on punishment for a thief stealing from the imperial treasury Sources 82 82 83 83 83 83 83 84 84 84 85 85 85 85 86 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 88 88 88 88 CHAPTER VII Ķānttnnūmes 91 1 2 3 4 5 6 The ‘Kraelitz text’ The ķānūnnāme of Hiidāvendgār, 1487 Extracts from the ‘general’
ķānūnnāme, cl500 The ķānūnnāme of Siverek, 1518 The ķānūnnāme of Sis, 1518 The ķānūnnāme of Nikopol, reign of Süleyman I 6a Instructions on dealing with the tīmārs of the district 6b Exposition of the ķānūnnāme of the voynuks 7 Extracts from the ķānūnnāme of Egypt, after 1525 Sources 92 99 104 108 109 110 110 115 117 119 CHAPTER VIII 121 1 2 Taxation and Finance Annual income and expenditure of the Imperial Treasury la An estimate of treasury income and expenditure, cl 475-80 lb An estimate of treasury income and expenditure for the years 1527-8 Customs and mukāta as 2a Entry from a register of mukata 'as 2b Entry from a register of muķāta as 2c A decree granting a muķāta 'a 122 122 127 130 130 130 130
X OTTOMAN HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS 2d The problems of a tax-farmer 2e Demand for the delivery of payment due from a tax-farm 2f Tax avoidance 2g Tax arrangements in newly conquered fortified towns 2Һ A command written to the ķādī and the fortress-commander of Kili 3 Silver mines 3 a Instructions to a fanner of silver mines 3b Extract from a register for Bosnia, 1489 4 Jizya 4a Instructions to ay/zya-collector 4b Two extracts from a jizya register 4c Accounts for the jizya of the infidels of the vilâyet of Menlik 5 Debasement of the coinage 5a Debasement under Mehmed II 5b A debasement heralds a mutiny Sources 131 131 132 133 134 134 134 135 135 135 137 138 139 139 139 140 CHAPTER IX Waqfs Section 1 Foundation and Function 1 Founding a waqf 2 A vizierai waqf 3 A new waqf 4 Waqfs established by conquerors and colonisers 4a Thewaq/ofMurãdl 4b The waqf of the Şanı Şeyh 4c Note protecting dervishes who descend from the district’s conqueror 5 The Waqf of Mūsā 5a A note on the village of Kızıl Delti, 1412 5b A register entry on the waqf of Kızıl Delii, sixteenth century 5c A renewed berät for Kızıl Delii Sultan’s waqf, 1641/2 5d An undated register entry on the waqf of Kızıl Delti 5e Note appended to an undated register entry on the waqf of Kızıl Delti 6 The Waqfoî Orhān 7 Waqfs in decline 7a The Waqf of Derviş Bâyezîd in Seydî Kavağı 7b The Waqfoî Sağrı Hatun 7c Waqf of the zaviye of Ķādī Salāhu’d-Dīn 8 The waqßya of Selçük bint 'AbduTlāh, freedwoman of Mehmed Section 2 Problems 1 A cash and famfiy waqf 2 Cash and charitable waqfs 2a The Waqf of charitable donors (erbāb-i hayrat) in
the quarter 2b Waqf of charitable donors 2c Waqfof Hāccī Mehmed in the village of Şeynelti 2d The Waqf of Hāccī Hasan b. Ūrūc the Felter 3 Cash waqfo՝. Questions of legality 3a A question on donating profit from interest 141 141 142 142 149 150 150 150 150 151 151 151 151 152 152 152 153 153 153 153 154 154 155 155 155 155 156 156 156 156
CONTENTS 3b 3c 3d A question on interest A question on using legal devices A question on making restitution for not lendingout waqfmoneys Sources CHAPTER X 1 2 3 Treaties and Foreign Relations ХІ 157 157 157 157 159 The Genoese treaty with Murad I, 1387 The Byzantine-Turkish Treaty of 1403 The peace settlement of 1444 3 a The sworn statement of Ibrahim Begof Ķaramān, 1444 3b The Treaty of Edime, 1444 4 A grant of peace and of free passage for merchants 5 An offer to pay tribute 6 The peace terms offered by Süleyman I to Charles V, 1547 7 The English capitulations, 1580 8 The troubles of an ambassador 9 Latin text of the agreement at Zsitva-Torok, 1606 Sources 160 162 165 165 166 167 167 168 169 172 172 174 Glossary Bibliography Index 175 184 196
This collection of translated primary sources for Ottoman history - edited with notes and commentary ֊ shows how the major institutions of Ottoman government developed, and how they functioned in practice. Each chapter covers a key topic and includes a brief introduction to provide context for the documents which follow: • Legitimation and titulature • Princes / • Recruitment into the Sultans service / • The vizierate » Provincial administration and die tímár system • The religio-legal institution • Ķānūnnāmes (legal codes) • Taxation and finance • Waqfs (endowments) • Treaties and foreign relations Annotations and a glossary explaining technical terminology and problems of interpretation within each item are also included. Key Features • A systematic collection of source materials for students of Ottoman history • Fluent translations with technical vocabulary explained in the notes and glossary, making the documents accessible to teachers and students • A succinct introduction to each chapter, placing the documents in context • Translations from Ottoman Turkish, Greek, Arabic, Persian, Latin and Italian, showcasing die different types of source material encountered in historical research • Provides valuable comparative material for historians of the late mediaeval and early modern Mediterranean and Middle East |
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| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1236-1687 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1236-1687 |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Ménage, Victor Louis 1920-2015 Verfasser (DE-588)116876093 aut Ottoman historical documents the institutions of an empire V.L. Ménage, edited with additions by Colin Imber Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press [2021] © 2021 xix, 207 Seiten, 3 ungezählte Blätter Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte 1236-1687 gnd rswk-swf Verwaltung (DE-588)4063317-2 gnd rswk-swf Herrschaft (DE-588)4024596-2 gnd rswk-swf Osmanisches Reich (DE-588)4075720-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4135952-5 Quelle gnd-content Osmanisches Reich (DE-588)4075720-1 g Herrschaft (DE-588)4024596-2 s Verwaltung (DE-588)4063317-2 s Geschichte 1236-1687 z DE-604 Imber, Colin 1945- (DE-588)1023120992 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-1-4744-7938-7 (DE-604)BV048195441 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, EPUB 978-1-4744-7939-4 (DE-604)BV048195441 Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032496134&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032496134&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
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| title_exact_search | Ottoman historical documents the institutions of an empire |
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| title_full | Ottoman historical documents the institutions of an empire V.L. Ménage, edited with additions by Colin Imber |
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| title_short | Ottoman historical documents |
| title_sort | ottoman historical documents the institutions of an empire |
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