Izučenie 1916 goda: depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia
Изучение 1916 года деполитизация и гуманизация знаний о восстании в Центральноĭ Азии = 1916-жылдагы окуяны изилдөө : адамдык өлчөмдө жана саясаттан сырткары кароо
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| Other Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Russian |
| Published: |
Biškek
Maxprint
2020
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract Abstract |
| Physical Description: | 446 pages 2 Karten 21 cm |
| ISBN: | 9789967048850 9967048859 |
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| adam_text | ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Оглавление Введение. Изучение 1916 года: деполитизацияи гуманизация знаний............... 5 ГЕНДЕРНЫЙ АСПЕКТ СОБЫТИЙ 1916 ГОДА Аскар Джумашев Восстания 1916 года в низовьях Амударьи : характер и
особенности.................. 20 Набиджон Рахимов Ходими Джамолак: миф или реальность?..............................................................41 «ГЛАЗАМИ И ГОЛОСАМИ» ОЧЕВИДЦЕВ 1916 ГОДА Карлыгаш Бижигитова «Голоса» рядовых участников и очевидцев восстания 1916 года (на примере Джаильмышевской
волости Верненского уезда Семиреченской области).............................................................................. 68 Ойбек Махмудов Мусульманский фактор и «духовенство» в туркестанских событиях 1916 года: роль и значение глазами российских чиновников............................ 92
ПРЕДВОДИТЕЛИ 1916 ГОДА Асель Даниярова Трансформация взглядов на модели поведения лидеров кыргызских родов в 1916 году в свете вновь открывшихся фактов................... 118 Иван Фукалов Легитимность власти и ее аспекты у руководителей восстания 1916 года в
Кыргызстане....................................................................................... 145 Майсара Бекмагамбетова Легитимация лидерства А.Жанбосынова в событиях 1916 года на территории Торгайской области.................................................................... 172
ПЕРЕОСМЫСЛЕНИЕ ПРИЧИН И ПОТЕРЬ 1916 ГОДА Владимир Шварц Высочайшее повеление от 25 июня 1916 года документ двойного
назначения.......................................................... 200 Джамиля Маджун (Мусарова) Международные связи и участие иностранцев в событиях 1916 года в Семиречье........................................................................................... 234 3
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Жоомарт Сулайманов Социально-политическая мобилизация населения Туркестана русской администрацией: методы и ошибки....................................................... 261 Мурат Иманкулов Еще раз о потерях в
период восстания 1916 года в Кыргызстане....................... 276 СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ 1916 ГОДА Бахтиер Алимджанов Экономическая жизнь в «коренном» Туркестане и события 1916 г.................. 302 Иномджон Мамадалиев Социальный конфликт 1916 года в Худжанде: ретроспективный взгляд
(отношение власти и народа)................................................................................ 322 ТРАВМА 1916 ГОДА Гулъзада Абдалиева «В наших жилах течет печальная кровь»: триУркун в памяти кыргызов..........348 Джаныл Боконтаева Устные истории о восстании 1916 г.: в судьбах и памяти
жителей Иссык-Кульской области....................................................................................... 364 ДРУГАЯ ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ Аминат Чокобаева О роли манапов в восстании 1916 года: о статье Асель Данияровой «Трансформация взглядов на модели поведения лидеров кыргызских родов в 1916
году в свете вновь открывшихся фактов».................390 Томохико Уяма Теория заговора мешает пониманию сути вопроса: по поводу статьи «Реквизиция инородцев на окопные работы в 1916 году как инструмент русской колонизации Туркестана» 397 1916-жылдагы окуяны изилдѳе: адамдык ѳлчѳмдѳ жана саясаттан
сырткары кароо..................................................................................... 408
Сыгымалар............................................................................................................... 422 Study of 1916: Depoliticizing and Humanizing Our Knowledge on the Uprising in Central Asia................................................................................ 428 Abstracts.................................................................................................................... 440 Авторы и редакторы монографии......................................................................... 445 4
УДК 94(47) ББК63.3 (2) И 39 Редакторы: Александр Моррисон, Гульнара Айтпаева Техническая редакция: Аида Алымбаева, Айжаркын Кожобекова Перевод на кыргызский: Айнагуль Кашибаева, Жолдош Турдубаев, Жумагазы Садыр уулу Перевод на английский: Аида Алымбаева, Аминат Чокобаева Монография утверждена на
Ученом Совете Кыргызского Государственного Университета им. И.Арабаева. Монография является продуктом проекта «Объединение академических сообществ в Центральной Азии для получения новых знаний по Восстанию 1916 года и создания общих академических платформ для обмена и распространения знаний по
этнически и политически чувствительным темам», поддержанного OSF (Фондом Открытых Обществ). Авторские права защищены. Воспроизведение книги и любой ее части запрещается без письменного уведомления КИЦ Айгине. И 39 Изучение 1916 года: деполитизация и гуманизация знаний о восстании в Центральной Азии.
- Б.: Maxprint. - 2020. - 448 с. ISBN 978-9967-04-885-0 Монография посвящена изучению восстания 1916 года в Центральной Азии. Здесь представлены статьи исследователей из Кыргызстана, Казахстана, Таджикистана, Узбекистана и России по гендерному и социальноэкономическому аспектам восстания, а так же
работы, посвященные переосмыслению причин, лидерам и возрождению традиционных механизмов управления, изучению «социальных низов» восстания и представителей российской власти. В сборнике исследуется реконструкция событий потомками очевидцев 1916 года в современном Кыргызстане и Китае. УДК 94(47) ББК
63.3 (2) ISBN 978-9967-04-885-0 © КИЦ «Айгине», 2020
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Abstracts Asel Daniyarova Changing Perspectives on the Behaviour Patterns of the Kyrgyz Patriline ages’ Leaders in 1916 According to Newly Discovered Facts The article focuses on the behaviour patterns of manaps, the leaders of the Kyr gyz patrilineages (urini), during the events of 1916 known as the Ürkün in Semirech’e. The analysis of these patterns in the light of newly discovered facts shows the patterns of rapid change named here as “realizing the inevitable” (osoznanie neizbezhnogo). There are three conditional stages of the transformation suggested: shock, confusion, decisions taken following implementation, and Ürkün - the exodus from the homeland. The seven manaps’ cases are compared to draw a correlation between their actions and the assessment of these acts given in various school-books, monographs, and media published during the last hundred years. The assessments vary fundamentally depending on changing political situations and relevant ideolo gies. Aminat Chokobaeva The Role of Manaps in the 1916 Uprising: on Asel Daniyarova’s article on “Changing Perspectives on the Behaviour Patterns of the Kyrgyz Patrilineages’ Leaders in 1916 According to Newly Discovered Facts” Daniyarova’s article on “Changing perspectives on the behaviour patterns of the Kyrgyz patrilineages’ leaders in 1916 according to newly discovered facts” shows that, during the uprising of 1916, manaps were guided by the tasks of preserving their clans. At the same time, Daniyarova argues that manaps were
forced to lead the uprising by the incendiary actions of the authorities. This article is an attempt to reconsider some of the arguments made by Daniyarova on the basis of archival documents. Askar Dzhumashev The 1916 Uprising in the Lower Amu-Darya: Nature and Features The article studies one of the complex but vivid moments of the 1916 Uprising taken place in the lower Amu-Darya. Based on factual material, the author elabo rates on the social and economic position of Kara-Kalpaks as divided between the two states. He compares the factors of the Uprising in Khiva and Amu-Darya showing similarities and differences of the events. Bakhtiyor Alimdzhanov The Economic Life of the ‘Indigenous’ (korennoi) Turkestan and the 1916 Events The article examines the sources of the Russian Empire’s economic policy in Russian Turkestan. For it, the author studies particularly the role of commercial 440
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ banks in the life of local populations. A special place is given to the economic rela tions and prices’ increase during the First World War, as well as to the influence of economic processes on the 1916 events. Dzhamilia Madzhun (Musarova) International Relations and Foreign Participation in the 1916 Events in Semirech’e A number of the Tsarist officials in Semirech’e surmised the foreign agents’ or ganizing role of the Uprising that exploded Turkestan in 1916. In contrast, Russian and Kazakh intellectuals did not see any foreign influences in the events. They made clear instead that the Uprising was caused by the ruthless greed of the represent atives of the colonial power, Cossacks, and some of the Slavic settlers. The article answers the question: whether external factors had any actual influence during the 1916 Uprising, or did it rather have a fictional character? Dzhanyl Bokontaeva The Oral History of the 1916 Uprising: Memories from Issyk-Kul Province The paper deals with the perception of the remembered experience and con struction of the memories about the 1916 Uprising based on the oral history collect ed in the Issyk-Kul province. The focus is given to the traumatic memory of the rk n when people fled to China over the impassable mountain passes, and the victims, about life difficulties in China, as well as about the survivors’ return to the homeland. Gulzada Abdalieva “The Woeful Blood Flows in Our Veins”: The Three Ürkün in the Kyrgyz Memory This article examines the
traumatic memory of the three Ürküns the Kyrgyz of China share. Analysing the field data collected in China among the Kyrgyz where they had to migrate, the main focus is on the forms of memory formation about their forced migration. Inomdzhon Mamadaliev The Social Conflict of 1916 in Khujand: A Retrospective View on the Rela tions of Power and People The article scrutinises step by step all the conflict events (called here ’uprisings’) of a social character along with their preconditions and reasons from 1871 to 1916. What is important is the new archival data that shed light on some of forgotten and ignored moments. Building on the national concept of historical writing, the author then suggests a new approach to understanding to the colonial politics of the Russian Empire to its Central Asian territory. With this, author aims to understand the nature and content of the antecedent events building the soil of the social conflict of 1916. 441
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 191 6 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Ivan Fukalov The Power Legitimacy and Its Aspects: The 1916 Uprising Leadership The paper studies the process of legitimation of the 1916 Uprising leadership, its aspects and specifics. For it, a brief history is provided focusing on the power development of the leaders of local patrilineages (uruu), their functions, and main activities. The 1916 Uprising is also considered in comparative perspective with the other uprisings that happened almost simultaneously in the other regions under dif ferent circumstances. A special focus is made on the specific forms of power legitimi zation, and the arming of the insurgents, as well as on the external forces’ influence on these forms of power. The role of power symbols, such as the oaths and flags, of the Uprising leaders will be also considered. Karylgash Bizhigitova The ‘Voices’ of Ordinary Participants and Eyewitnesses of the 1916 Upris ing: The Case of the Zhayilmyshevsk District in Semirech’e Province (Modern Kazakhstan) The article analyses the large archival document on the 1916 events on the Zhayilmyshevsk district of the Vernyi district in the Semirech’e province (the cur rent territory of Karasay district in the Almaty province, Kazakhstan). As result, the author shows that local people were not ordinary “voiceless’ participants and eye witnesses of the 1916 events. Instead, their “voices’ had significantly influenced the decisions of the representatives of the colonial power, including the judicial officials. Furthermore, these
‘voices’ contributed to the following construction of the events by the colonial administration, and then by the Soviet and post-Soviet scholars. Maisara Bekmagambetova Legitimation of A. Zhanbosynov’s Leadership During the 1916 Events in Torgay Province (Modern Kazakhstan) The Torgay province was one of the centres of the 1916 events. Within the Sovi et historiography and due to Marxist ideology, the myth of Amangeldy Imanov’s ex clusive leadership was established. However, as this article explains, there are facts found in favour of another leader, Abdulghafar Zhanbosynov. His social and political status, as well as his moral and charismatic characteristics, reinforced the legitima tion of his position as one of the core leaders of the 1916 Uprising. Murat Imankulov Once Again on the Losses in the Period of the Uprising of 1916 in Kyrgyz stan One of the most controversial and sensitive aspects of scholarship on the up rising of 1916 remains the issue of human losses among the native population of Central Asia. The exact number who perished during the suppression of the upris ing is still unknown. At the same time, the presence of demographic and statistical data collected before and after the uprising of 1916 gives us an opportunity to esti442
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ mate an approximate decrease of the native population, including the deceased as the result of the uprising, its suppression and the flight of the nomadic population to China. This article attempts to establish the decrease of the Kyrgyz population of the Semirech’e oblast on the basis of statistical data of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and to reveal the flaws in the calculation methods used by some scholars. Nabidzhon Rakhimov Khodimi Dzhamolak: Myth or Reality? The 1916 Uprising in Khujand became the first political event involving the Ta jik women. Khodimi Dzhamolak has become the embodiment of the image of the female rebel, however, archival data on her is missing. Her image was glorified ac cording to the strengthened Soviet ideology directed to the construction of the image of a woman fighting for her political rights and gender equality. Oybek Mahmudov The Islamic Factor and ‘Clergy’ in the 1916 Events in Turkestan: The Per spective of the Russian Tsarist Officials The article studies the perspectives of the Russian Tsarist officials on the role of the Islamic factor and the Muslim clergy in the 1916 events in Turkestan. Based on the published and unpublished archival documents (such as reports and dispatches), the article reproduces the officials’ representations and visions on the local popula tions whom they called tuzemtsy. The analysis aims to better comprehension of the decision-making mechanism of the Russian officials that led to the tragic events in 1916.
Tomohiko Uyama The Conspiracy Theory Obstructs an Understanding of the Question’s Es sence: On the Article ‘The Highest Order of 25th June 1916: The dual-purpose document” Whilst some authors reflect on the conspiracy theory of external powers, V. Schwartz puts forward a conspiracy theory of the Resettlement Department of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture. The main document that Schwartz builds his argu ment on is interesting, however, it remains unclear what role that document could have played in the decision-making for the mobilization of the local populations. There is no reason to assume that the deputy head of the Department A. A. Tatishchev could predict the bloody Uprising and that the government had decided to mobilize the inorodtsy of the whole Empire in order to exempt the lands in only one region. Tatishchev’s initiative, as well as the Highest Order on the ‘requisition’ of local popu lations, could be well rationalized and there is no need to use the conspiracy theory which obstructs understanding of the core problems that the Russian Empire expe rienced at a time of the First WW. Schwartz’s article leads us to realize the necessity of closer attention to the competition between the then departments for the labour resources for the rearward works. 443
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Vladimir Schwartz The Highest Order of 25th June 1916: The Dual-Purpose Document Based on the newly discovered archival documents, the article examines the formation of the idea of involving the local populations, so-called inorodtsy of the Russian Empire as the labour force for the army needs. It is argued that it was not the military but the Resettlement Department of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture who initiated the enrolment of the nomads to labouring at the front. One of the then urgent tasks of the Department was an expropriation of the colossal territories of the Asian part of the Empire to settle the soldiers who distinguished themselves in the battles of the First WW. The article reveals the lobbying for requisitioning of land as well as the officials’ role while preparing the final version of the Highest Order. The article shows the full implementation of the hidden task of expropriating the lands from the Kyrgyz nomadic pastoralists, in contrast to the declared need for labour at the front that was in fact forgotten. The trauma of the Kyrgyz people left after Ürkün remains an unhealed wound a century later. Zhoomart Sulaimanov The Social and Political Mobilization of Turkestan’s Population: Methods and Mistakes of the Russian Administration This article examines the features of the social and political mobilization of the population of Turkestan in 1916 in response to the announced conscription for works behind the lines at the Russian front. It will be shown how the
implementa tion methods of the Tsarist administration and its mistakes led to the resistance and uprising. The article will also reveal the Uprising’s strong impact on the minds of the local populations. 444
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ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Оглавление Введение. Изучение 1916 года: деполитизацияи гуманизация знаний. 5 ГЕНДЕРНЫЙ АСПЕКТ СОБЫТИЙ 1916 ГОДА Аскар Джумашев Восстания 1916 года в низовьях Амударьи : характер и
особенности. 20 Набиджон Рахимов Ходими Джамолак: миф или реальность?.41 «ГЛАЗАМИ И ГОЛОСАМИ» ОЧЕВИДЦЕВ 1916 ГОДА Карлыгаш Бижигитова «Голоса» рядовых участников и очевидцев восстания 1916 года (на примере Джаильмышевской
волости Верненского уезда Семиреченской области). 68 Ойбек Махмудов Мусульманский фактор и «духовенство» в туркестанских событиях 1916 года: роль и значение глазами российских чиновников. 92
ПРЕДВОДИТЕЛИ 1916 ГОДА Асель Даниярова Трансформация взглядов на модели поведения лидеров кыргызских родов в 1916 году в свете вновь открывшихся фактов. 118 Иван Фукалов Легитимность власти и ее аспекты у руководителей восстания 1916 года в
Кыргызстане. 145 Майсара Бекмагамбетова Легитимация лидерства А.Жанбосынова в событиях 1916 года на территории Торгайской области. 172
ПЕРЕОСМЫСЛЕНИЕ ПРИЧИН И ПОТЕРЬ 1916 ГОДА Владимир Шварц Высочайшее повеление от 25 июня 1916 года документ двойного
назначения. 200 Джамиля Маджун (Мусарова) Международные связи и участие иностранцев в событиях 1916 года в Семиречье. 234 3
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Жоомарт Сулайманов Социально-политическая мобилизация населения Туркестана русской администрацией: методы и ошибки. 261 Мурат Иманкулов Еще раз о потерях в
период восстания 1916 года в Кыргызстане. 276 СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ 1916 ГОДА Бахтиер Алимджанов Экономическая жизнь в «коренном» Туркестане и события 1916 г. 302 Иномджон Мамадалиев Социальный конфликт 1916 года в Худжанде: ретроспективный взгляд
(отношение власти и народа). 322 ТРАВМА 1916 ГОДА Гулъзада Абдалиева «В наших жилах течет печальная кровь»: триУркун в памяти кыргызов.348 Джаныл Боконтаева Устные истории о восстании 1916 г.: в судьбах и памяти
жителей Иссык-Кульской области. 364 ДРУГАЯ ТОЧКА ЗРЕНИЯ Аминат Чокобаева О роли манапов в восстании 1916 года: о статье Асель Данияровой «Трансформация взглядов на модели поведения лидеров кыргызских родов в 1916
году в свете вновь открывшихся фактов».390 Томохико Уяма Теория заговора мешает пониманию сути вопроса: по поводу статьи «Реквизиция инородцев на окопные работы в 1916 году как инструмент русской колонизации Туркестана» 397 1916-жылдагы окуяны изилдѳе: адамдык ѳлчѳмдѳ жана саясаттан
сырткары кароо. 408
Сыгымалар. 422 Study of 1916: Depoliticizing and Humanizing Our Knowledge on the Uprising in Central Asia. 428 Abstracts. 440 Авторы и редакторы монографии. 445 4
УДК 94(47) ББК63.3 (2) И 39 Редакторы: Александр Моррисон, Гульнара Айтпаева Техническая редакция: Аида Алымбаева, Айжаркын Кожобекова Перевод на кыргызский: Айнагуль Кашибаева, Жолдош Турдубаев, Жумагазы Садыр уулу Перевод на английский: Аида Алымбаева, Аминат Чокобаева Монография утверждена на
Ученом Совете Кыргызского Государственного Университета им. И.Арабаева. Монография является продуктом проекта «Объединение академических сообществ в Центральной Азии для получения новых знаний по Восстанию 1916 года и создания общих академических платформ для обмена и распространения знаний по
этнически и политически чувствительным темам», поддержанного OSF (Фондом Открытых Обществ). Авторские права защищены. Воспроизведение книги и любой ее части запрещается без письменного уведомления КИЦ Айгине. И 39 Изучение 1916 года: деполитизация и гуманизация знаний о восстании в Центральной Азии.
- Б.: Maxprint. - 2020. - 448 с. ISBN 978-9967-04-885-0 Монография посвящена изучению восстания 1916 года в Центральной Азии. Здесь представлены статьи исследователей из Кыргызстана, Казахстана, Таджикистана, Узбекистана и России по гендерному и социальноэкономическому аспектам восстания, а так же
работы, посвященные переосмыслению причин, лидерам и возрождению традиционных механизмов управления, изучению «социальных низов» восстания и представителей российской власти. В сборнике исследуется реконструкция событий потомками очевидцев 1916 года в современном Кыргызстане и Китае. УДК 94(47) ББК
63.3 (2) ISBN 978-9967-04-885-0 © КИЦ «Айгине», 2020
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Abstracts Asel Daniyarova Changing Perspectives on the Behaviour Patterns of the Kyrgyz Patriline ages’ Leaders in 1916 According to Newly Discovered Facts The article focuses on the behaviour patterns of manaps, the leaders of the Kyr gyz patrilineages (urini), during the events of 1916 known as the Ürkün in Semirech’e. The analysis of these patterns in the light of newly discovered facts shows the patterns of rapid change named here as “realizing the inevitable” (osoznanie neizbezhnogo). There are three conditional stages of the transformation suggested: shock, confusion, decisions taken following implementation, and Ürkün - the exodus from the homeland. The seven manaps’ cases are compared to draw a correlation between their actions and the assessment of these acts given in various school-books, monographs, and media published during the last hundred years. The assessments vary fundamentally depending on changing political situations and relevant ideolo gies. Aminat Chokobaeva The Role of Manaps in the 1916 Uprising: on Asel Daniyarova’s article on “Changing Perspectives on the Behaviour Patterns of the Kyrgyz Patrilineages’ Leaders in 1916 According to Newly Discovered Facts” Daniyarova’s article on “Changing perspectives on the behaviour patterns of the Kyrgyz patrilineages’ leaders in 1916 according to newly discovered facts” shows that, during the uprising of 1916, manaps were guided by the tasks of preserving their clans. At the same time, Daniyarova argues that manaps were
forced to lead the uprising by the incendiary actions of the authorities. This article is an attempt to reconsider some of the arguments made by Daniyarova on the basis of archival documents. Askar Dzhumashev The 1916 Uprising in the Lower Amu-Darya: Nature and Features The article studies one of the complex but vivid moments of the 1916 Uprising taken place in the lower Amu-Darya. Based on factual material, the author elabo rates on the social and economic position of Kara-Kalpaks as divided between the two states. He compares the factors of the Uprising in Khiva and Amu-Darya showing similarities and differences of the events. Bakhtiyor Alimdzhanov The Economic Life of the ‘Indigenous’ (korennoi) Turkestan and the 1916 Events The article examines the sources of the Russian Empire’s economic policy in Russian Turkestan. For it, the author studies particularly the role of commercial 440
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ banks in the life of local populations. A special place is given to the economic rela tions and prices’ increase during the First World War, as well as to the influence of economic processes on the 1916 events. Dzhamilia Madzhun (Musarova) International Relations and Foreign Participation in the 1916 Events in Semirech’e A number of the Tsarist officials in Semirech’e surmised the foreign agents’ or ganizing role of the Uprising that exploded Turkestan in 1916. In contrast, Russian and Kazakh intellectuals did not see any foreign influences in the events. They made clear instead that the Uprising was caused by the ruthless greed of the represent atives of the colonial power, Cossacks, and some of the Slavic settlers. The article answers the question: whether external factors had any actual influence during the 1916 Uprising, or did it rather have a fictional character? Dzhanyl Bokontaeva The Oral History of the 1916 Uprising: Memories from Issyk-Kul Province The paper deals with the perception of the remembered experience and con struction of the memories about the 1916 Uprising based on the oral history collect ed in the Issyk-Kul province. The focus is given to the traumatic memory of the rk n when people fled to China over the impassable mountain passes, and the victims, about life difficulties in China, as well as about the survivors’ return to the homeland. Gulzada Abdalieva “The Woeful Blood Flows in Our Veins”: The Three Ürkün in the Kyrgyz Memory This article examines the
traumatic memory of the three Ürküns the Kyrgyz of China share. Analysing the field data collected in China among the Kyrgyz where they had to migrate, the main focus is on the forms of memory formation about their forced migration. Inomdzhon Mamadaliev The Social Conflict of 1916 in Khujand: A Retrospective View on the Rela tions of Power and People The article scrutinises step by step all the conflict events (called here ’uprisings’) of a social character along with their preconditions and reasons from 1871 to 1916. What is important is the new archival data that shed light on some of forgotten and ignored moments. Building on the national concept of historical writing, the author then suggests a new approach to understanding to the colonial politics of the Russian Empire to its Central Asian territory. With this, author aims to understand the nature and content of the antecedent events building the soil of the social conflict of 1916. 441
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 191'6 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Ivan Fukalov The Power Legitimacy and Its Aspects: The 1916 Uprising Leadership The paper studies the process of legitimation of the 1916 Uprising leadership, its aspects and specifics. For it, a brief history is provided focusing on the power development of the leaders of local patrilineages (uruu), their functions, and main activities. The 1916 Uprising is also considered in comparative perspective with the other uprisings that happened almost simultaneously in the other regions under dif ferent circumstances. A special focus is made on the specific forms of power legitimi zation, and the arming of the insurgents, as well as on the external forces’ influence on these forms of power. The role of power symbols, such as the oaths and flags, of the Uprising leaders will be also considered. Karylgash Bizhigitova The ‘Voices’ of Ordinary Participants and Eyewitnesses of the 1916 Upris ing: The Case of the Zhayilmyshevsk District in Semirech’e Province (Modern Kazakhstan) The article analyses the large archival document on the 1916 events on the Zhayilmyshevsk district of the Vernyi district in the Semirech’e province (the cur rent territory of Karasay district in the Almaty province, Kazakhstan). As result, the author shows that local people were not ordinary “voiceless’ participants and eye witnesses of the 1916 events. Instead, their “voices’ had significantly influenced the decisions of the representatives of the colonial power, including the judicial officials. Furthermore, these
‘voices’ contributed to the following construction of the events by the colonial administration, and then by the Soviet and post-Soviet scholars. Maisara Bekmagambetova Legitimation of A. Zhanbosynov’s Leadership During the 1916 Events in Torgay Province (Modern Kazakhstan) The Torgay province was one of the centres of the 1916 events. Within the Sovi et historiography and due to Marxist ideology, the myth of Amangeldy Imanov’s ex clusive leadership was established. However, as this article explains, there are facts found in favour of another leader, Abdulghafar Zhanbosynov. His social and political status, as well as his moral and charismatic characteristics, reinforced the legitima tion of his position as one of the core leaders of the 1916 Uprising. Murat Imankulov Once Again on the Losses in the Period of the Uprising of 1916 in Kyrgyz stan One of the most controversial and sensitive aspects of scholarship on the up rising of 1916 remains the issue of human losses among the native population of Central Asia. The exact number who perished during the suppression of the upris ing is still unknown. At the same time, the presence of demographic and statistical data collected before and after the uprising of 1916 gives us an opportunity to esti442
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ mate an approximate decrease of the native population, including the deceased as the result of the uprising, its suppression and the flight of the nomadic population to China. This article attempts to establish the decrease of the Kyrgyz population of the Semirech’e oblast on the basis of statistical data of the late 19th and early 20th centuries and to reveal the flaws in the calculation methods used by some scholars. Nabidzhon Rakhimov Khodimi Dzhamolak: Myth or Reality? The 1916 Uprising in Khujand became the first political event involving the Ta jik women. Khodimi Dzhamolak has become the embodiment of the image of the female rebel, however, archival data on her is missing. Her image was glorified ac cording to the strengthened Soviet ideology directed to the construction of the image of a woman fighting for her political rights and gender equality. Oybek Mahmudov The Islamic Factor and ‘Clergy’ in the 1916 Events in Turkestan: The Per spective of the Russian Tsarist Officials The article studies the perspectives of the Russian Tsarist officials on the role of the Islamic factor and the Muslim 'clergy' in the 1916 events in Turkestan. Based on the published and unpublished archival documents (such as reports and dispatches), the article reproduces the officials’ representations and visions on the local popula tions whom they called tuzemtsy. The analysis aims to better comprehension of the decision-making mechanism of the Russian officials that led to the tragic events in 1916.
Tomohiko Uyama The Conspiracy Theory Obstructs an Understanding of the Question’s Es sence: On the Article ‘The Highest Order of 25th June 1916: The dual-purpose document” Whilst some authors reflect on the conspiracy theory of external powers, V. Schwartz puts forward a conspiracy theory of the Resettlement Department of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture. The main document that Schwartz builds his argu ment on is interesting, however, it remains unclear what role that document could have played in the decision-making for the mobilization of the local populations. There is no reason to assume that the deputy head of the Department A. A. Tatishchev could predict the bloody Uprising and that the government had decided to mobilize the inorodtsy of the whole Empire in order to exempt the lands in only one region. Tatishchev’s initiative, as well as the Highest Order on the ‘requisition’ of local popu lations, could be well rationalized and there is no need to use the conspiracy theory which obstructs understanding of the core problems that the Russian Empire expe rienced at a time of the First WW. Schwartz’s article leads us to realize the necessity of closer attention to the competition between the then departments for the labour resources for the rearward works. 443
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ 1916 ГОДА: ДЕПОЛИТИЗАЦИЯ И ГУМАНИЗАЦИЯ ЗНАНИЙ О ВОССТАНИИ В ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ АЗИИ Vladimir Schwartz The Highest Order of 25th June 1916: The Dual-Purpose Document Based on the newly discovered archival documents, the article examines the formation of the idea of involving the local populations, so-called inorodtsy of the Russian Empire as the labour force for the army needs. It is argued that it was not the military but the Resettlement Department of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture who initiated the enrolment of the nomads to labouring at the front. One of the then urgent tasks of the Department was an expropriation of the colossal territories of the Asian part of the Empire to settle the soldiers who distinguished themselves in the battles of the First WW. The article reveals the lobbying for requisitioning of land as well as the officials’ role while preparing the final version of the Highest Order. The article shows the full implementation of the hidden task of expropriating the lands from the Kyrgyz nomadic pastoralists, in contrast to the declared need for labour at the front that was in fact forgotten. The trauma of the Kyrgyz people left after Ürkün remains an unhealed wound a century later. Zhoomart Sulaimanov The Social and Political Mobilization of Turkestan’s Population: Methods and Mistakes of the Russian Administration This article examines the features of the social and political mobilization of the population of Turkestan in 1916 in response to the announced conscription for works behind the lines at the Russian front. It will be shown how the
implementa tion methods of the Tsarist administration and its mistakes led to the resistance and uprising. The article will also reveal the Uprising’s strong impact on the minds of the local populations. 444 |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Turkestan (DE-588)4078473-3 gnd Mittelasien (DE-588)4039661-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Turkestan Mittelasien |
| id | DE-604.BV047023824 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T16:00:12Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:00:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789967048850 9967048859 |
| language | Russian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032431239 |
| oclc_num | 1416409881 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 446 pages 2 Karten 21 cm |
| psigel | BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Maxprint |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | 880-03 Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia redaktory: Aleksandr Morrison, Gulʹnara Ajtpaeva 880-04 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö Study of 1916 880-05 Biškek Maxprint 2020 446 pages 2 Karten 21 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In Russian; summaries in Kyrgyz and English Kyrillische Schrift Geschichte 1916 gnd rswk-swf Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 gnd rswk-swf Erster Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079163-4 gnd rswk-swf Basmadschi (DE-588)4389899-3 gnd rswk-swf Mobilmachung (DE-588)4170285-2 gnd rswk-swf Turkestan (DE-588)4078473-3 gnd rswk-swf Mittelasien (DE-588)4039661-7 gnd rswk-swf Asia, Central / History / Revolt, 1916 Ethnography History of Russia. Soviet Union. Former Soviet Republics Kyrgyzstan. Kirghiz S.S.R. Kirghizia (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Mittelasien (DE-588)4039661-7 g Turkestan (DE-588)4078473-3 g Erster Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079163-4 s Mobilmachung (DE-588)4170285-2 s Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 s Basmadschi (DE-588)4389899-3 s Geschichte 1916 z DE-604 880-01 Morrison, Alexander 1978- (DE-588)1222925206 edt 880-02 Ajtpaeva, Gülnara (DE-588)1012484955 edt Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032431239&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032431239&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032431239&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract 700-01/(N Моррисон, Александр edt 700-02/(N Айтпаева, Гульнара edt 245-03/(N Изучение 1916 года деполитизация и гуманизация знаний о восстании в Центральноĭ Азии = 1916-жылдагы окуяны изилдөө : адамдык өлчөмдө жана саясаттан сырткары кароо редакторы: Александр Моррисон, Гульнара Айтпаева 246-04/(N 1916-жылдагы окуяны изилдөө 264-05/(N Бишкек Maxprint 2020 |
| spellingShingle | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 gnd Erster Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079163-4 gnd Basmadschi (DE-588)4389899-3 gnd Mobilmachung (DE-588)4170285-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4003554-2 (DE-588)4079163-4 (DE-588)4389899-3 (DE-588)4170285-2 (DE-588)4078473-3 (DE-588)4039661-7 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia |
| title_alt | 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö Study of 1916 |
| title_auth | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia |
| title_exact_search | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia |
| title_full | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia redaktory: Aleksandr Morrison, Gulʹnara Ajtpaeva |
| title_fullStr | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia redaktory: Aleksandr Morrison, Gulʹnara Ajtpaeva |
| title_full_unstemmed | Izučenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia redaktory: Aleksandr Morrison, Gulʹnara Ajtpaeva |
| title_short | Izučenie 1916 goda |
| title_sort | izucenie 1916 goda depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v centralʹnoi azii 1916 zyldagy okujany izildoo adamdyk olcomdo zana sajasattan syrtkary karoo study of 1916 depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the uprising in central asia |
| title_sub | depolitizacija i gumanizacija znanij o vosstanii v Centralʹnoĭ Azii = 1916-žyldagy okujany izildöö : adamdyk ölčömdö žana sajasattan syrtkary karoo = Study of 1916 : depoliticizing and humanizing our knowledge of the Uprising in Central Asia |
| topic | Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 gnd Erster Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079163-4 gnd Basmadschi (DE-588)4389899-3 gnd Mobilmachung (DE-588)4170285-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Aufstand Erster Weltkrieg Basmadschi Mobilmachung Turkestan Mittelasien Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032431239&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032431239&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032431239&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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