Biological identity: perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology
"Analytic metaphysics has recently discovered biology as a means of grounding metaphysical theories. This has resulted in long-standing metaphysical puzzles, such as the problems of personal identity and material constitution, being increasingly addressed by appeal to a biological understanding...
Gespeichert in:
Weitere Verfasser: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
London ; New York
Routledge
2021
|
Schriftenreihe: | History and philosophy of biology
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | FUBA1 UBM01 UER01 Volltext |
Zusammenfassung: | "Analytic metaphysics has recently discovered biology as a means of grounding metaphysical theories. This has resulted in long-standing metaphysical puzzles, such as the problems of personal identity and material constitution, being increasingly addressed by appeal to a biological understanding of identity. This development within metaphysics is in significant tension with the growing tendency amongst philosophers of biology to regard biological identity as a deep puzzle in its own right, especially following recent advances in our understanding of symbiosis, the evolution of multi-cellular organisms and the inherently dynamical character of living systems. Moreover, and building on these biological insights, the broadly substance ontological framework of metaphysical theories of biological identity appears problematic to a growing number of philosophers of biology who invoke process ontology instead. This volume addresses this tension, exploring to what extent it can be dissolved. For this purpose, the volume presents the first selection of essays exclusively focused on biological identity and written by experts in metaphysics, the philosophy of biology and biology. The resulting cross-disciplinary dialogue paves the way for a convincing account of biological identity that is both metaphysically constructive and scientifically informed, and will be of interest to metaphysicians, philosophers of biology and theoretical biologists"-- |
Beschreibung: | Aus den Acknowledgements: "This book originates from a conference on "Biological Identity" co-organised by the editors of this volume and held in June 2016 at the Institute of Philoso-phy, London, UK." |
Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (xviii, 286 Seiten) Illustrationen, Diagramme |
ISBN: | 9781351066389 1351066382 9780367495039 0367495031 |
DOI: | 10.4324/9781351066389 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000 c 4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV047016482 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 20230126 | ||
006 | a |||| 10||| | ||
007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
008 | 201118s2021 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
020 | |a 9781351066389 |c ebk |9 978-1-351-06638-9 | ||
020 | |a 1351066382 |9 1-351-06638-2 | ||
020 | |a 9780367495039 |9 978-0-367-49503-9 | ||
020 | |a 0367495031 |9 0-367-49503-1 | ||
024 | 7 | |a 10.4324/9781351066389 |2 doi | |
035 | |a (ZDB-7-TFC)9781351066389 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)1226706303 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV047016482 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-29 |a DE-19 |a DE-188 | ||
082 | 0 | |a 570.1 |2 23 | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Biological identity |b perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology |c edited by Anne Sophie Meincke and John Dupré |
264 | 1 | |a London ; New York |b Routledge |c 2021 | |
300 | |a 1 online resource (xviii, 286 Seiten) |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 0 | |a History and philosophy of biology | |
500 | |a Aus den Acknowledgements: "This book originates from a conference on "Biological Identity" co-organised by the editors of this volume and held in June 2016 at the Institute of Philoso-phy, London, UK." | ||
520 | |a "Analytic metaphysics has recently discovered biology as a means of grounding metaphysical theories. This has resulted in long-standing metaphysical puzzles, such as the problems of personal identity and material constitution, being increasingly addressed by appeal to a biological understanding of identity. This development within metaphysics is in significant tension with the growing tendency amongst philosophers of biology to regard biological identity as a deep puzzle in its own right, especially following recent advances in our understanding of symbiosis, the evolution of multi-cellular organisms and the inherently dynamical character of living systems. Moreover, and building on these biological insights, the broadly substance ontological framework of metaphysical theories of biological identity appears problematic to a growing number of philosophers of biology who invoke process ontology instead. This volume addresses this tension, exploring to what extent it can be dissolved. For this purpose, the volume presents the first selection of essays exclusively focused on biological identity and written by experts in metaphysics, the philosophy of biology and biology. The resulting cross-disciplinary dialogue paves the way for a convincing account of biological identity that is both metaphysically constructive and scientifically informed, and will be of interest to metaphysicians, philosophers of biology and theoretical biologists"-- | ||
650 | 4 | |a Biology / Philosophy | |
650 | 4 | |a Self (Philosophy) | |
650 | 4 | |a Metaphysics | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Biologie |0 (DE-588)4006851-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Metaphysik |0 (DE-588)4038936-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Identität |0 (DE-588)4026482-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Individualität |0 (DE-588)4140265-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Philosophie |0 (DE-588)4045791-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)1071861417 |a Konferenzschrift |y 2016 |z London |2 gnd-content | |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Identität |0 (DE-588)4026482-8 |D s |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Individualität |0 (DE-588)4140265-0 |D s |
689 | 0 | 2 | |a Biologie |0 (DE-588)4006851-1 |D s |
689 | 0 | 3 | |a Philosophie |0 (DE-588)4045791-6 |D s |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
689 | 1 | 0 | |a Identität |0 (DE-588)4026482-8 |D s |
689 | 1 | 1 | |a Biologie |0 (DE-588)4006851-1 |D s |
689 | 1 | 2 | |a Metaphysik |0 (DE-588)4038936-4 |D s |
689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
700 | 1 | |a Meincke, Anne Sophie |d 1979- |0 (DE-588)132885921 |4 edt | |
700 | 1 | |a Dupré, John |d 1952- |0 (DE-588)172492157 |4 edt | |
776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover |z 978-1-138-47918-0 |w (DE-604)BV047319448 |
856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389 |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
912 | |a ZDB-7-TFC | ||
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032424018 | ||
966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389 |l FUBA1 |p ZDB-7-TFC |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389 |l UBM01 |p ZDB-7-TFC |q UBM_PDA_TFC_Kauf_2022 |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389 |l UER01 |p ZDB-7-TFC |q UER_Einzelkauf |x Verlag |3 Volltext |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804181977658556416 |
---|---|
adam_txt | |
any_adam_object | |
any_adam_object_boolean | |
author2 | Meincke, Anne Sophie 1979- Dupré, John 1952- |
author2_role | edt edt |
author2_variant | a s m as asm j d jd |
author_GND | (DE-588)132885921 (DE-588)172492157 |
author_facet | Meincke, Anne Sophie 1979- Dupré, John 1952- |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV047016482 |
collection | ZDB-7-TFC |
ctrlnum | (ZDB-7-TFC)9781351066389 (OCoLC)1226706303 (DE-599)BVBBV047016482 |
dewey-full | 570.1 |
dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
dewey-ones | 570 - Biology |
dewey-raw | 570.1 |
dewey-search | 570.1 |
dewey-sort | 3570.1 |
dewey-tens | 570 - Biology |
discipline | Biologie |
discipline_str_mv | Biologie |
doi_str_mv | 10.4324/9781351066389 |
format | Electronic eBook |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04376nmm a2200673 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV047016482</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230126 </controlfield><controlfield tag="006">a |||| 10||| </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">201118s2021 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781351066389</subfield><subfield code="c">ebk</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-351-06638-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1351066382</subfield><subfield code="9">1-351-06638-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780367495039</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-367-49503-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">0367495031</subfield><subfield code="9">0-367-49503-1</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.4324/9781351066389</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-7-TFC)9781351066389</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1226706303</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV047016482</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-29</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">570.1</subfield><subfield code="2">23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Biological identity</subfield><subfield code="b">perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology</subfield><subfield code="c">edited by Anne Sophie Meincke and John Dupré</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">London ; New York</subfield><subfield code="b">Routledge</subfield><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 online resource (xviii, 286 Seiten)</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Diagramme</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">History and philosophy of biology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Aus den Acknowledgements: "This book originates from a conference on "Biological Identity" co-organised by the editors of this volume and held in June 2016 at the Institute of Philoso-phy, London, UK."</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"Analytic metaphysics has recently discovered biology as a means of grounding metaphysical theories. This has resulted in long-standing metaphysical puzzles, such as the problems of personal identity and material constitution, being increasingly addressed by appeal to a biological understanding of identity. This development within metaphysics is in significant tension with the growing tendency amongst philosophers of biology to regard biological identity as a deep puzzle in its own right, especially following recent advances in our understanding of symbiosis, the evolution of multi-cellular organisms and the inherently dynamical character of living systems. Moreover, and building on these biological insights, the broadly substance ontological framework of metaphysical theories of biological identity appears problematic to a growing number of philosophers of biology who invoke process ontology instead. This volume addresses this tension, exploring to what extent it can be dissolved. For this purpose, the volume presents the first selection of essays exclusively focused on biological identity and written by experts in metaphysics, the philosophy of biology and biology. The resulting cross-disciplinary dialogue paves the way for a convincing account of biological identity that is both metaphysically constructive and scientifically informed, and will be of interest to metaphysicians, philosophers of biology and theoretical biologists"--</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Biology / Philosophy</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Self (Philosophy)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Metaphysics</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Biologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006851-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Metaphysik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4038936-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Identität</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4026482-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Individualität</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4140265-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Philosophie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4045791-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1071861417</subfield><subfield code="a">Konferenzschrift</subfield><subfield code="y">2016</subfield><subfield code="z">London</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd-content</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Identität</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4026482-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Individualität</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4140265-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Biologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006851-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Philosophie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4045791-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Identität</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4026482-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Biologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006851-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Metaphysik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4038936-4</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Meincke, Anne Sophie</subfield><subfield code="d">1979-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)132885921</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Dupré, John</subfield><subfield code="d">1952-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)172492157</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-138-47918-0</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV047319448</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-7-TFC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032424018</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389</subfield><subfield code="l">FUBA1</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-7-TFC</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389</subfield><subfield code="l">UBM01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-7-TFC</subfield><subfield code="q">UBM_PDA_TFC_Kauf_2022</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389</subfield><subfield code="l">UER01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-7-TFC</subfield><subfield code="q">UER_Einzelkauf</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
genre | (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 2016 London gnd-content |
genre_facet | Konferenzschrift 2016 London |
id | DE-604.BV047016482 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-03T15:58:18Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T09:00:14Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9781351066389 1351066382 9780367495039 0367495031 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032424018 |
oclc_num | 1226706303 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-29 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 |
owner_facet | DE-29 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 |
physical | 1 online resource (xviii, 286 Seiten) Illustrationen, Diagramme |
psigel | ZDB-7-TFC ZDB-7-TFC UBM_PDA_TFC_Kauf_2022 ZDB-7-TFC UER_Einzelkauf |
publishDate | 2021 |
publishDateSearch | 2021 |
publishDateSort | 2021 |
publisher | Routledge |
record_format | marc |
series2 | History and philosophy of biology |
spelling | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology edited by Anne Sophie Meincke and John Dupré London ; New York Routledge 2021 1 online resource (xviii, 286 Seiten) Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier History and philosophy of biology Aus den Acknowledgements: "This book originates from a conference on "Biological Identity" co-organised by the editors of this volume and held in June 2016 at the Institute of Philoso-phy, London, UK." "Analytic metaphysics has recently discovered biology as a means of grounding metaphysical theories. This has resulted in long-standing metaphysical puzzles, such as the problems of personal identity and material constitution, being increasingly addressed by appeal to a biological understanding of identity. This development within metaphysics is in significant tension with the growing tendency amongst philosophers of biology to regard biological identity as a deep puzzle in its own right, especially following recent advances in our understanding of symbiosis, the evolution of multi-cellular organisms and the inherently dynamical character of living systems. Moreover, and building on these biological insights, the broadly substance ontological framework of metaphysical theories of biological identity appears problematic to a growing number of philosophers of biology who invoke process ontology instead. This volume addresses this tension, exploring to what extent it can be dissolved. For this purpose, the volume presents the first selection of essays exclusively focused on biological identity and written by experts in metaphysics, the philosophy of biology and biology. The resulting cross-disciplinary dialogue paves the way for a convincing account of biological identity that is both metaphysically constructive and scientifically informed, and will be of interest to metaphysicians, philosophers of biology and theoretical biologists"-- Biology / Philosophy Self (Philosophy) Metaphysics Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd rswk-swf Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd rswk-swf Identität (DE-588)4026482-8 gnd rswk-swf Individualität (DE-588)4140265-0 gnd rswk-swf Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 2016 London gnd-content Identität (DE-588)4026482-8 s Individualität (DE-588)4140265-0 s Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 s Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 s DE-604 Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 s Meincke, Anne Sophie 1979- (DE-588)132885921 edt Dupré, John 1952- (DE-588)172492157 edt Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover 978-1-138-47918-0 (DE-604)BV047319448 https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext |
spellingShingle | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology Biology / Philosophy Self (Philosophy) Metaphysics Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd Identität (DE-588)4026482-8 gnd Individualität (DE-588)4140265-0 gnd Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4006851-1 (DE-588)4038936-4 (DE-588)4026482-8 (DE-588)4140265-0 (DE-588)4045791-6 (DE-588)1071861417 |
title | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology |
title_auth | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology |
title_exact_search | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology |
title_exact_search_txtP | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology |
title_full | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology edited by Anne Sophie Meincke and John Dupré |
title_fullStr | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology edited by Anne Sophie Meincke and John Dupré |
title_full_unstemmed | Biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology edited by Anne Sophie Meincke and John Dupré |
title_short | Biological identity |
title_sort | biological identity perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology |
title_sub | perspectives from metaphysics and the philosophy of biology |
topic | Biology / Philosophy Self (Philosophy) Metaphysics Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd Identität (DE-588)4026482-8 gnd Individualität (DE-588)4140265-0 gnd Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
topic_facet | Biology / Philosophy Self (Philosophy) Metaphysics Biologie Metaphysik Identität Individualität Philosophie Konferenzschrift 2016 London |
url | https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351066389 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT meinckeannesophie biologicalidentityperspectivesfrommetaphysicsandthephilosophyofbiology AT duprejohn biologicalidentityperspectivesfrommetaphysicsandthephilosophyofbiology |