Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities:
Large quantities of materials arising from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities are non-radioactive per se. An additional significant share of materials is of very low-level or low-level radioactivity and can, after having undergone treatment and a clearance process, be recycled and reused in a...
Gespeichert in:
| Körperschaft: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Paris
OECD Publishing
2017
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Radioactive Waste Management
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Large quantities of materials arising from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities are non-radioactive per se. An additional significant share of materials is of very low-level or low-level radioactivity and can, after having undergone treatment and a clearance process, be recycled and reused in a restricted or unrestricted way. Recycle and reuse options today provide valuable solutions to minimise radioactive waste from decommissioning and at the same time maximise the recovery of valuable materials. The NEA Co-operative Programme on Decommissioning (CPD) prepared this overview on the various approaches being undertaken by international and national organisations for the management of slightly contaminated material resulting from activities in the nuclear sector. The report draws on CPD member organisations’ experiences and practices related to recycling and reuse, which were gathered through an international survey. It provides information on improvements and changes in technologies, methodologies and regulations since the 1996 report on this subject, with the conclusions and recommendations taking into account 20 years of additional experience that will be useful for current and future practitioners. Case studies are provided to illustrate significant points of interest, for example in relation to scrap metals, concrete and soil |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (66 Seiten) |
| ISBN: | 9789264281271 |
| DOI: | 10.1787/9789264281271-en |
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| 520 | |a Large quantities of materials arising from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities are non-radioactive per se. An additional significant share of materials is of very low-level or low-level radioactivity and can, after having undergone treatment and a clearance process, be recycled and reused in a restricted or unrestricted way. Recycle and reuse options today provide valuable solutions to minimise radioactive waste from decommissioning and at the same time maximise the recovery of valuable materials. The NEA Co-operative Programme on Decommissioning (CPD) prepared this overview on the various approaches being undertaken by international and national organisations for the management of slightly contaminated material resulting from activities in the nuclear sector. The report draws on CPD member organisations’ experiences and practices related to recycling and reuse, which were gathered through an international survey. It provides information on improvements and changes in technologies, methodologies and regulations since the 1996 report on this subject, with the conclusions and recommendations taking into account 20 years of additional experience that will be useful for current and future practitioners. Case studies are provided to illustrate significant points of interest, for example in relation to scrap metals, concrete and soil | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
I
NHALTSVERZEICHNIS
VORWORT
.
5
ABSTRACT
.
6
KURZFASSUNG
.
8
I.
SYMBOLVERZEICHNIS
.
10
II.
ABKUERZUNGSVERZEICHNIS
.
14
1
EINLEITUNG
UND
MOTIVATION
.
15
2
HINTERGRUND
.
17
2.1
ALLGEMEINE
DEFINITIONEN
UND
ZELLAUFBAU
.
17
2.2
DIE
ALTERUNG
DER
BATTERIE
.
20
2.2.1
KALENDARISCHE
ALTERUNG
-
BILDUNG
DER
SEI
.
21
2.2.2
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
26
2.3
ZELLVERHALTEN
BEI
HOHEN
TEMPERATUREN
.
27
3
MODELLIERUNG
VON
LITHIUM-IONEN-BATTERIEN
.
28
3.1
VORARBEITEN
UND
MODELLGERUEST
.
29
3.1.1
MAKROSKALA
.
29
3.1.2
MESOSKALA
.
30
3.1.3
MIKROSKALA
.
36
3.1.4
KOPPLUNG
DER
UNTERSCHIEDLICHEN
SKALEN.
39
3.2
ERWEITERUNGEN
.
41
3.2.1
MODELLRAHMEN
FUER
MEHRSCHRITT-ELEKTROCHEMIE
.
41
3.2.2
ALTERUNGSMODELLE
.
43
3.2.3
MODELLIERUNG
DES ZELLVERHALTENS
BEI
HOHEN
TEMPERATUREN
.
52
4
NUMERISCHES
VERFAHREN
.
53
4.1
GRUNDLAGEN
DER
NUMERISCHEN
SIMULATION
.
53
4.2
NUMERISCHE
UMSETZUNG
.
53
4.3
TIME-UPSCALING
METHODE
.
55
5
MODELLPARAMETRIERUNG
.
57
5.1
UNTERSUCHUNG
DER
ZELLE
DURCH
PROJEKTPARTNER
-
ZSW
.
57
5.1.1
EXTERNAL
SHORT
CIRCUIT
(ESC)
.
57
5.2
UNTERSUCHUNG
DER
ZELLE
DURCH
PROJEKTPARTNER
-
CIDETEC
.
58
5.2.1
DIFFERENTIAL
SCANNING
CALORIMETRY
(DSC)
.
59
5.2.2
ACCELERATING
RATE
CALORIMETRY
(ARC)
.
59
5.3
PARAMETRIERUNG
DES ZELLMODELLS
.
61
6
ERGEBNISSE
.
71
6.1
BASISMODELL
.
71
6.1.1
MAKROSKALA
DES
BASISMODELLS
.
74
6.1.2
MESOSKALA
DES
BASISMODELLS
.
75
6.1.3
MIKROSKALA
DES
BASISMODELLS
.
78
6.2
KALENDARISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
79
6.3
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
83
6.3.1
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
IM
DETAIL
-
VERLGEICH
ZU
EXPERIMENTEN
.
83
6.3.2
EINFLUSS
DER
PERKOLATIONSANSAETZE
AUF
DIE
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
90
6.3.3
EINFLUSS
VON
DOD
UND
SOC
AUF
DIE
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
92
6.4
THERMISCHES
DURCHGEHEN
UND
EXTERNER
KURZSCHLUSS
.96
6.4.1
DIFFERENTIAL
SCANNING
CALORIMETRY
.
96
6.4.2
ACCELERATING
RATE
CALORIMETRY
.
99
6.4.3
EXTERNER
KURZSCHLUSS
.
101
7
SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
.
113
8
AUSBLICK
.114
9
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
.116
ANHANG
.118
PUBLIKATIONSVERZEICHNIS
.
119
LITERATURVERZEICHNIS
.
121
4 |
| adam_txt |
I
NHALTSVERZEICHNIS
VORWORT
.
5
ABSTRACT
.
6
KURZFASSUNG
.
8
I.
SYMBOLVERZEICHNIS
.
10
II.
ABKUERZUNGSVERZEICHNIS
.
14
1
EINLEITUNG
UND
MOTIVATION
.
15
2
HINTERGRUND
.
17
2.1
ALLGEMEINE
DEFINITIONEN
UND
ZELLAUFBAU
.
17
2.2
DIE
ALTERUNG
DER
BATTERIE
.
20
2.2.1
KALENDARISCHE
ALTERUNG
-
BILDUNG
DER
SEI
.
21
2.2.2
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
26
2.3
ZELLVERHALTEN
BEI
HOHEN
TEMPERATUREN
.
27
3
MODELLIERUNG
VON
LITHIUM-IONEN-BATTERIEN
.
28
3.1
VORARBEITEN
UND
MODELLGERUEST
.
29
3.1.1
MAKROSKALA
.
29
3.1.2
MESOSKALA
.
30
3.1.3
MIKROSKALA
.
36
3.1.4
KOPPLUNG
DER
UNTERSCHIEDLICHEN
SKALEN.
39
3.2
ERWEITERUNGEN
.
41
3.2.1
MODELLRAHMEN
FUER
MEHRSCHRITT-ELEKTROCHEMIE
.
41
3.2.2
ALTERUNGSMODELLE
.
43
3.2.3
MODELLIERUNG
DES ZELLVERHALTENS
BEI
HOHEN
TEMPERATUREN
.
52
4
NUMERISCHES
VERFAHREN
.
53
4.1
GRUNDLAGEN
DER
NUMERISCHEN
SIMULATION
.
53
4.2
NUMERISCHE
UMSETZUNG
.
53
4.3
TIME-UPSCALING
METHODE
.
55
5
MODELLPARAMETRIERUNG
.
57
5.1
UNTERSUCHUNG
DER
ZELLE
DURCH
PROJEKTPARTNER
-
ZSW
.
57
5.1.1
EXTERNAL
SHORT
CIRCUIT
(ESC)
.
57
5.2
UNTERSUCHUNG
DER
ZELLE
DURCH
PROJEKTPARTNER
-
CIDETEC
.
58
5.2.1
DIFFERENTIAL
SCANNING
CALORIMETRY
(DSC)
.
59
5.2.2
ACCELERATING
RATE
CALORIMETRY
(ARC)
.
59
5.3
PARAMETRIERUNG
DES ZELLMODELLS
.
61
6
ERGEBNISSE
.
71
6.1
BASISMODELL
.
71
6.1.1
MAKROSKALA
DES
BASISMODELLS
.
74
6.1.2
MESOSKALA
DES
BASISMODELLS
.
75
6.1.3
MIKROSKALA
DES
BASISMODELLS
.
78
6.2
KALENDARISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
79
6.3
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
83
6.3.1
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
IM
DETAIL
-
VERLGEICH
ZU
EXPERIMENTEN
.
83
6.3.2
EINFLUSS
DER
PERKOLATIONSANSAETZE
AUF
DIE
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
90
6.3.3
EINFLUSS
VON
DOD
UND
SOC
AUF
DIE
ZYKLISCHE
ALTERUNG
.
92
6.4
THERMISCHES
DURCHGEHEN
UND
EXTERNER
KURZSCHLUSS
.96
6.4.1
DIFFERENTIAL
SCANNING
CALORIMETRY
.
96
6.4.2
ACCELERATING
RATE
CALORIMETRY
.
99
6.4.3
EXTERNER
KURZSCHLUSS
.
101
7
SCHLUSSFOLGERUNGEN
.
113
8
AUSBLICK
.114
9
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
.116
ANHANG
.118
PUBLIKATIONSVERZEICHNIS
.
119
LITERATURVERZEICHNIS
.
121
4 |
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| spelling | Nuclear Energy Agency Verfasser aut Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities Nuclear Energy Agency Paris OECD Publishing 2017 1 Online-Ressource (66 Seiten) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Radioactive Waste Management Large quantities of materials arising from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities are non-radioactive per se. An additional significant share of materials is of very low-level or low-level radioactivity and can, after having undergone treatment and a clearance process, be recycled and reused in a restricted or unrestricted way. Recycle and reuse options today provide valuable solutions to minimise radioactive waste from decommissioning and at the same time maximise the recovery of valuable materials. The NEA Co-operative Programme on Decommissioning (CPD) prepared this overview on the various approaches being undertaken by international and national organisations for the management of slightly contaminated material resulting from activities in the nuclear sector. The report draws on CPD member organisations’ experiences and practices related to recycling and reuse, which were gathered through an international survey. It provides information on improvements and changes in technologies, methodologies and regulations since the 1996 report on this subject, with the conclusions and recommendations taking into account 20 years of additional experience that will be useful for current and future practitioners. Case studies are provided to illustrate significant points of interest, for example in relation to scrap metals, concrete and soil Nuclear Energy https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264281271-en Verlag kostenfrei Volltext DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032370718&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities Nuclear Energy |
| title | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities |
| title_auth | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities |
| title_exact_search | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities |
| title_full | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities Nuclear Energy Agency |
| title_fullStr | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities Nuclear Energy Agency |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities Nuclear Energy Agency |
| title_short | Recycling and Reuse of Materials Arising from the Decommissioning of Nuclear Facilities |
| title_sort | recycling and reuse of materials arising from the decommissioning of nuclear facilities |
| topic | Nuclear Energy |
| topic_facet | Nuclear Energy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264281271-en http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032370718&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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