Cold War frequencies: CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe
"Published for the first time, the history of the CIA's clandestine short-wave radio broadcasts to Eastern Europe and the USSR during the early Cold War is covered in-depth. Chapters describe the "gray" broadcasting of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty in Munich; clandestine or...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Jefferson, North Carolina
McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers
[2021]
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Published for the first time, the history of the CIA's clandestine short-wave radio broadcasts to Eastern Europe and the USSR during the early Cold War is covered in-depth. Chapters describe the "gray" broadcasting of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty in Munich; clandestine or "black" radio broadcasts from Radio Nacional de Espana in Madrid to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Ukraine; transmissions to Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Ukraine and the USSR from a secret site near Athens; and broadcasts to Byelorussia and Slovakia. Infiltrated behind the Iron Curtain through dangerous air drops and boat landings, CIA and other intelligence service agents faced counterespionage, kidnapping, assassination, arrest and imprisonment. Excerpts from broadcasts taken from monitoring reports of Eastern Europe intelligence agencies are included"-- |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | viii, 261 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9781476678641 |
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Table of Contents Acknowledgments vi Preface 1 Abbreviations and Acronyms 4 1. Genesis of American Clandestine Cold War Broadcasting 7 2. Radio Free Europe: The American Peoples Counter Voice to Communism 21 3. From Radio Liberation to Radio Liberty to RFE/RL 47 4. Clandestine Broadcasts from Greece to Bulgaria and Romania 67 5. A Seaborne CIA Fiasco and the Voice of Free Albania (VOFA) 89 6. Black Radio to the Baltic States from Radio Nacional de España (RNE) 108 7. Black Broadcasts to Ukraine from Greece and RNE 137 8. Focus on Russia: Our Russia, Radio Free Russia and TsOPE 151 9. Clandestine Radio to Byelorussia and to Slovakia 176 Conclusion 195 Appendix A: Selected CIA Cryptonyms 197 Appendix B: National Security Council Directive 5412/2 205 Appendix C: Radio Nacional Propaganda Broadcasts 209 Appendix D: Frank Wisner Memorandum, November 22,1950 211 Appendix E: Extracts from 1953 Jackson Report on Radio Free Europe—National Committee for Free Europe 215 Appendix F: Extracts from 1953 Jackson Report on Radio Liberty 218 vii
viii Table of Contents Appendix G: Termination of Voice of Free Albania Broadcasts— Termination of HTGRUBBY Broadcasts 221 Appendix H: Personal History of Ferdinand Durčansky 224 Chapter Notes 227 Bibliography 253 Index 257
Bibliography Alexeyeva, Ludmilla. U.S. Broadcasting to the Soviet Union. New York: Helsinki Watch Com mittee, 1986. Bethell, Nicholas. The Great Betrayal: The Untold Story ofKim Philby’s Greatest Coup. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1984. Bischoff, Anna, and Zusanna Jürgens, ed. Voice ofFreedom—Western Interference? 60 Years of Radio Free Europe. Güttingen: Vendenhoeck Ruprecht, 2015. Board for International Broadcasting. Annual Reports. Washington, D.C. Bower, Tom. The Red Web: MI6 and the KGB Master Coup. London: Aurum, 1989. Browne, Donald R. International Radio Broadcasting: The Limits of the Limitless Medium. New York: Praeger, 1982. Carruthers, Susan L. Cold War Captives: Imprisonment, Escape, and Brainwashing. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009. Critchlow, James. Radio Hole-in-the-Head/Radio Liberty: An Insider’s Story of Cold War Broadcasting. Washington, D.C.: American University Press, 1995. Dulles, Alan. The Craft ofIntelligence. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1963. Felix, Christoper [pseudonym for James McCargar]. London: Madison, 1963. Fischer, George, ed. Russian Émigré Politics. New York: Free Russian Fund, 1951. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1945-1959: Emergence of the Intelligence Establishment. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1996. Frolik, Josef. The Frolik Defection: The Memoirs of an Intelligence Agent. London: Lee Coo per, 1975. Gati, Charles. Failed Illusions: Moscow, Washington, Budapest and the 1956 Hungarian Revolt. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006. Grose, Peter. Operation Rollback: America’s Secret War
Behind the Iron Curtain. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. Hersh, Burton. The Old Boys: The American Elite and the Origins of the CIA. St. Petersburg, FL: Tree Farm, 2002. Holt, Robert T. Radio Free Europe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1958. Jackson, Wayne G. Allen Welsh Dulles as Director of Central Intelligence, February 26,1953November 29,1961. CIA Historical Study, 1973. Jandečková, Václava. Kámen: Svědectví hlavního aktéra akce „Falešné hranice” и Všerub na Domažlicku. Nakladatelství Českého lesa, 2014. Johnson, A. Ross. Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty: The CIA Years and Beyond. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2010. Kadar Lynn, Katalin. The Inauguration of Organized Political Warfare: Cold War Organiza tions Sponsored by the National Committee for Free Europe / Free Europe Committee. Saint Helena, CA: Helena History, 2013. Kovrig, Bennet. Of Walls and Bridges: The United States and Eastern Europe. New York: New York University Press, 1991. Lendvai, Paul. The Bureaucracy of Truth: How Communist Governments Manage the News. London: Burnett, 1981. 253
254 Bibliography Lucas, Scott. Freedom’s War: The American Crusade against the Soviet Union. New York: New York University Press, 1999. Lurie, Mark. Galantiere: The Lost Generation’s Forgotten Man. West Palm Beach, FL: Over look, 2017. Meyer, Cord. Facing Reality: From World Federalism to the CIA. New York: Harper and Row, 1980. Michener, James A. The Bridge atAndau. New York: Random House, 1957. Michie, Allan. Voices Through the Iron Curtain: The Radio Free Europe Story. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1963. Mickelson, Sig. America’s Other Voice: The Story ofRadio Free Europe and Radio Liberty. New York: Praeger, 1983. Mosley, Leonard. Dulles: A Biography ofEleanor, Allen, and John Foster Dulles and Their Fam ily Network. New York: Dial, 1978. Muravchik, Joshua. Exporting Democracy: Fulfilling America’s Destiny. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute, 1991. Nelson, Michael. War of the Black Heavens: The Battles of Western Broadcasting in the Cold War. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997. Parta, R. Eugene. Discovering the Hidden Listener: An Assessment of Radio Liberty and West ern Broadcasting to the USSR During the Cold War. Stanford: Hoover Institution, 2007. Powers, Thomas. The Man Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms and the CIA. New York: Pocket, 1991. Prados, John. Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2006. Price, James R. Radio Free Europe: A Survey and Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1972. Puddington, Arch. Broadcasting Freedom: The Cold War Triumph of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 2000. Report of the Presidential Study Commission on International Radio Broadcasting: The Right to Know. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1973. Saunders, Frances Stonor. The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World ofArts and Letters. New York: New, 1999. Seagrave, Sterling. Yellow Rain: A Journey Through the Terror of Chemical Warfare. London: Abacus, 1982. Short, K.R.M., ed. Western Broadcasting Over the Iron Curtain. London: Croom Helm, 1986. Sosin, Gene. Sparks of Liberty: An Insider’s Memoir of Radio Liberty. University Park: Penn sylvania State University Press, 1999. Starr, Richard E, ed. Public Diplomacy: USA versus USSR. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution, 1986. Steven, Stewart. Operation Splinter Factor. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1974. Szabo, Miklos, Professional Emigres, Budapest: Pannónia, 1959. Thomas, Evan. The Very Best Men: Four Who Dared: The Early Years of the CIA. New York: Simon Schuster, 1995. Tyson, James L. U.S. International Broadcasting and National Security. New York: Ramapo, 1983. Urban, George. The Nineteen Days: A Broadcaster’s Account of the Hungarian Revolution. London: Heinemann, 1957. _. Radio Free Europe and the Pursuit of Democracy: My War within the Cold War. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997. Warner, Michael, ed. CL4 Cold War Records: The CIA Under Harry Truman. Washington, D.C.: CIA, 1994. Washburn, Philo C. Broadcasting Propaganda: International Radio Broadcasting and the Con struction ofPolitical Reality. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1992. Wettig,
Gerhard. Broadcasting and Detente: Eastern Policies and Their Implications for East- West Relations. London: C. Hurst, 1977. Wheland, Joseph G. Radio Liberty: A Study ofIts Origins, Structure, Policy, Programming and Effectiveness. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1972.
Bibliography 255 Wiener, Tim. Legacy ofAshes: The History of the CIA. New York: Doubleday, 2007. Wilford, Hugh. The Mighty Wurlitzer: How the CIA Played America. Cambridge, MA: Har vard University Press, 2008. Young, Gordon. The House of Secrets: Russian Resistance to the Soviet Regime, Today. New York: Duell, Sloan, and Pearce, 1959.
Index Abrahamovič, Evžen 33 Abramtchik, Mikola 176-183,200 AEACRE 137,177 AEBALCONY 197 AEBASIN 110-114,197 AEBEEHIVE 202 AECADILT-1 171 AECADILT-2 171 AECAMBISTA 177,181,196 AECAMBISTA-1 197 AECARTHAGE 198 AECASSOWARY 147-149,197 AECAVATINA 197 AECHAMP 129,130,197 AECOB 197,203-204 AEDEPOT 177 AEFLAG 117,120-121,197 AEFREEMAN 113,115-116,197 AEGEAN 127-128,198 AEGIDEON 155,198 AEHANGOVER 161 AEHAWKEYE-1 122 AEMANTILLA 61 AEMARSH (Latvia) 117-121, 198 AEMINX(ILC) 117,198 AENOBLE 155,198 AEPAWN 164,179-171 AEPOLE 130-133,135-136,197 AEQUOR 177-182 AERANTER 140 AEREADY 177 AERODYNAMIC 140 AEROSOL 155,198 AESAURUS 155,198 AETENURE 139,198 AETERRACE 199 AETOMAC 176 AEVIRGIL 174,167,170,172,199 AEZERO/1 120 AIPLEBE 105 Albania 3,12,18,67,76-77,79, 84, 89-107, 198 Allen, George 18-19 Altschul, Frank 26-27 AMCOMLIB 4,52,54,178-179,199,201 American Friends of Russian Freedom (AFRF) 56-63,164 ANDROGEN 198-199 AQUATIC 198 Army Security Agency (ASA) 21-23 Austria 7,13,37-38, 45-46, 51, 59,147, 155-157,160,168,183-189,191,193, 198-200 AVH—Állam Védelmi Hatosag 4,37-41, 188 AVO—Állam Védelmi Osztal 4 Baltics 108,121,127 “Barbara” 25,68,79 Barrett, Edward 28 Baumgartner, Kurt (“Berthelot) 164 Belgium 147,169 Beloruska Nationalna Rada (BNR) 176, 177-183,197, 200 Beloruska Zentralna Rada (BZR) 176 Berle, Adolphe 15 Berlin 1,7-8,13,40, 46, 52, 58,74,101130, 151,156-157,160,165,168,170-174,189, 193, 203 Berukshtis, Igor 62 BGACTRESS 192,199 BGCANE (OPC) 199 Board of the Democratic Resistance Movement 127 BGCONVOY 69,71, 87,199, 202 BGFIEND 84, 89, 90, 92, 94,199-200, 201 BGLAPIN 128 BGRYTHYM
199 BGSPEED 92, 94, 97-99, 200 “Black Radio” 2,18-19,24,35,67,79,81, 257
258 Index 83, 84,106-109, 111, 124,129,138,140, 142,152-154, 225 Boldyreff, Constantin (Boldyrev Konstantin) 158 British Intelligence Service (SIS) 90-91, 94, 95,156,172, 201, 203 Bulgaria 2, 4,13,17-18, 25, 45, 61, 65, 67-79, 81, 83-84, 87, 93,100,167-170, 199,202,212,213 Bulgarian National Committee 68 Burghardt, Gottfried 170-175 Butėnas, Julijonas 128-129 Byelorussian Central Council (BCR) 176 CABEZONE 63 CABOCHE-1 (NTS) 155,198,200 CAMANTILLA 63 CAMBISTA-1 177,181,197, 200 CAMPOSANTO 177 CAPSTAN 129 CARCASS 155,198,200 “Carola” 29 CARRERA (AECARRERA) 171-172 Casey, William (Bill) 57-58 Cassady, Thomas C. 8-10 CASSOWARY-1 141,149,200 Gasta, Anton 185-186 Central Association of Post-War Émigrés (TsOPE) 53,100,151,164-171,173,195, 192,199 Černák, Matúš 193-194 Chamberlin, William Henry 52 CHARITY 200 CHAURUS 177,200 Churgin Raymond S. 123-124 Clay, Lucius D. 7-8,11,224 Counterintelligence Corp (CIC) 4,32, 183-186,191, 201 Cuba 35,161-162 Czechoslovakia 13-14,15,17, 21, 25, 29, 3133, 44-45, 54, 64,-65, 74,108,183-190, 192-194 Davies, John Paton 9-10 Defector Reception Center (DFC) 57, 61-63 DIE—Direcţia de Informaţii Externe (Romania) 4 Directorate of State Security (Bulgaria— DS) 69,71,77 Dr. Zhivago 165 DS—Drazven Sigurnost (Bulgaria) 4, 69, 71, 77 DTORIC (NCFE) 200 Dubrovsky, Sergey 50-51 Dulles, Allen 11,15,27,47, 60 Durand, Dana 51 Ďurčanský, Ferdinand 189-193,224-225 DYCLAVIER 199 DYCLEAN 192,199,299 DYCLEMATIC 200 DYCLIP (OPC) 199 DYCLUCK (OPC) 199 Dziuba, Mikhail 165 “Eagle” 35 EDICT 22 EDUCATOR 16-17,21-22, 24,200,202203, 209 Eisenhower, Pres. Dwight David 26-27
Eisenhower, Milton 65 Estonia 2,108-116,122,136,145,167-170, 197, 200-201 Faragó, Ladislas 36-37 Fatalibey, Abo 52 Finland 13,129,158 FJHAKI (Estonia) 200 FJSTEAL (USSR) 200 Free Europe Committee (FEC) 4,25, 27, 42-44, 47, 74,81-84,100,103-104, 191-192, 200, 202-203 Free Russia Fund 163 Furtseva, Yekaterina 18 Gleiman, Lubomir 187 Goodman, Sheba 58 Greenwood Project 21-22,24 Griffith, William (Bill) 14,34 HARVARD 30,57, 63,200-201 HBCHEST (Sweden) 201 HBCLOUD (Latvia) 201 HBDUCKPIN 164 Helms, Richard (CIA) 64,130 Hillenkoeter, Roscoe 8,12 Holmes, Leslie 92, 94 Hristo Botev 75-79 HTGRUBBY 102,221-223 HTNEIGH 201 Hulick, Charles C. 13 Hungary 2,13,17,25,31,35-43,45,79, 145,183 Institute for Latvian Culture (ILC) 117,120 Jackson, C.D. 14-15,24 Jackson, William Harding 15,27-28 JAGUAR 201 JBCLOUD (Latvia) 201 Juanita 94-98 Kampus, Roberts 118-119 Karas, Alex 52
Index Kennan, George 8-11,47 KGB (Kommitet Gosudarstvenoi Bezopastnosti) 19-20,45,53, 60,153, 156,161,163,174 Khokhlov, Nicolai 161 Kissinger, Henry 62 KLIMOV, Grigory (Grigoril) 165 KMHYMNAL 94 KNOBBY (OPC) 199 Krutý, Josef 185 KUBARK (CIA) 105,139,153-154,165 Kubíček, Ladislav (“Kautsky”) 194 Kukauskas-Lukis, Jonas 128 Lampertheim 22-23,50,68,79 Latvia 2,107,115-126,136,182,167-169, 197-198, 201, 203-204 Launags, Freds Ziedonids 121-126 LCFLUTTER 201 LCHOMELY 109-110,201 LCIMPROVE 201 Lebed, Mykolą 141-144,148-150 Lebedev, Theodor 165 Lindhurst, Norman 59-50 Liška, Stanislav 32 Liszka, Bela von 37-41 Lithuania 2, 61,108,115-116,121,126-136, 145,197-198, 202 Luksa, Juozas Albinas 128 Lyons, Eugene 47,57 259 Novaya Ukraina 143,144 NTS 50,53,154-163,182,198, 200 OBHUNT (Albania) 201 OBOPUS (Albania) 199,201 OBSIDIOUS (Alblania) 201 OBTEST (Albania) 102,106-107, 201 OBTUSE (Albania) 201 ODOPOL (CIC) 201 ODYOKE 115 Office of Policy Coordination (OPC) 4-5, 10-13,16-17,21-24, 47, 67-68,70-71, 81, 84,86,88, 90-94, 97-98,100,110,122, 127-129,137-138,156,177,185,199,202 Offie, Carmel 11,13 OGIVE (OSO) 201 Operation Focus 38 Operation Radio (NTS) 158 Operation Stone (Akce Kámen) 31-32 Ostrowsky, Radislaw (Radoslav) 176 Marine Biological Research Institute (MBRI) 93 Marshall, George C. 10-11,13 Meyer, Cord 43,105, 111, 182 Midney, Boris 62 Mikuła, Jozef 183 Munich 15, 25-26, 29,34-35, 37-38, 40֊ 41, 44, 46, 51-55, 58, 60, 66, 111, 116,121, 127-128,130,135-137,155,162,164-169, 171,177,179-180,182-183,187-188,192194,199,202,203 Munich Operational Base (MOB) 38,127, 177 Murphy, David E.
124 Pasternak, Boris 165 Patch, Isaac 54-56 Pavlovic, Peter 185-186 PBAFFIRM 199,201 PBCHORD 199,202 PBCHUTE (Lithuania) 202 PBCRUET 137-138 PBGIDEON (NTS) 202 PBPRIME 139 Peroutka, Ferdinand 29,191 Petva-8 158 Plechavičius, Paulius 128 Poole, Dewitt 27-28 Poremsky, V.D. 161 Possev 155-156 Project Menthol 75 Project Metaphor 75-77 Project Troy 30-31 Prolog Associates 139,141,143,145-148, 198,203 Psychological Strategy Board (PSB) 59 Psychological Warfare Panel 143 Purre, Helene 109 PYREX 145,151 Nasha Rossiya (Our Russia) 18,151-154 National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS) 50, 53,154-163,182,198, 200 National Committee for Free Europe (NCFE) 14,15-16, 27-28, 31, 34, 38, 72, 82-86,102,104-105,109-110,188, 200 National Security Council 5,8,10,56, 72, 74, 202, 205-208 Nationalist Socialist Radio (NATCOM) 104-106 Nixon, Pres. Richard M. 64-65 QKACTIVE 19,201,202 QKBROIL (Romania) 82-85,202 QKCOAST (Baltic States) 110,202 QKDEMON 21,202-203 QKDROOP (NTS) 155,198, 200, 202 QKIVORY 192,292 QKSTAIR 68 QRDYNAMIC 202 QRPLUMB 198-199, 202-203 QRTENURE 139,198,203 QRTERRACE 198,202
260 Radio Barcelona 189 Radio Free Europe 1-2, 5, 7-8,11,14-16, 18, 21, 23, 25-29, 31, 33-45,47, 51, 57-59, 63-65, 68-70, 74, 79-84, 86,100, ЮЗ106, 108-109, 111, 116,121,136,138,147, 163,185,187,193, 200, 202-203,211-216, 224 Radio Free Russia 18-19, 156-163 Radio Goryanin 67-79 Radio in the American Sector (RIAS) 7-8, 130 Radio Kavkaz (Caucasus) 18-19 Radio Liberation 50-51,54,58 Radio Liberty 2,5,8,16,18,23,28,39, 47-49, 51, 53-55, 57, 59, 61-66, 94, 115-116,121,136-137,154,160,162,176, 181, 202-203 Radio Madrid 114,147 Radio Nacional de Espańa 16-17,108,112114,117,119-121,131-136,144,146-149, 166-169,176,179-181,190, 209 Radio Nova Ukraina (New Ukraine) 18, 137,141,143-144 Radio Osvobodoshdenie (Liberation) 18 Radio Pyrex 145-146 Radio Rome 115,121,130,132-136, 166-170 Radio Vatican 114,130-134 Rahr, Gleb 162 Ramparts 64 RANTER 139-140,142 REDBIRD 203 REDBLOCK (CIA) 203 REDCAP 170-172,203 REDCOAT 203 REDLEG 203 Redlich, Roman 162 REDSOX 19,122,126 REDTOP 203 REI, August 109-110 Robb, Inez 60 Roosevelt, Archibald 142-143 Rose, Karoly 37-41 Ruddock, Merret 13 Russell, McKinney 58 Sargeant, Howland 55 SGPSALM 203 SGSWIRL 203 SHELLAC 85 SHELLFIRE 86,202-203 SHUBA-100 155,198,293 Sigurimi 103 Širvys, Albinas 128 Slovakia 3,183-193 Special Procedures Branch (CIA) 8 Special Procedures Group (CIA) 8,21 Index StB—Statni Bezpečnost 6,32-33,185, 188-189,194 Stevens, Leslie C. 94 Strečanský, Ernest 185 Sumichrast, Kamil 185 Sweden 119,122,127-128,158,169, 201 Taiwan (Formosa) 53 Tigrid, Pavel 29 Tihlárik, Alexander 185 Tolstoy, Mrs. Ivan 57 Tolstoy Foundation 57 TPFEELING 203
TPLINGO 202 TPTONIC 41,202-203 Trumpis, Benediktas 128 TsOPE 164-170 UHVR 141 UJDROLLERY 38 Ukraine 2-3,18-19,137-149,196 UMPIRE 9,11-12, 21-22, 24-25, 202-203 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) 2, 3, 5, 8,11,13-14,16,18-19,44, 47-51, 55-56, 60, 62, 64, 57, 78, 80, 88, 90, 105,110,126-127,131-132,135,137-138, 145-147,151-156,160,162-164,167,169, 178,198-199, 200, 203-205, 212 United States Escapee Program (USEP) 59 Urban, George 44 Valahu, Mugur 86-88 VALUABLE 91,96,150,203 Varga, Bela 36 Vicén, Josef 183-184,188-189 Vinogradov, Boris 50-51 VLIK (Vyriausiasis Lietuvos išlaisvinimo komitetas) 127-129,131-134 VLKIVA (OPC) 203 Voice of America (VOA) 1, 7-8,11,18-19, 21, 25-26, ЗО, 34-35,53, 72, 81, 86-87, 91,108-109,116,129,136-139,157,159, 165-166,176-178, 201 Voice of Bulgarian Resistance 67 Voice of Estonian Freedom 113-114 Voice of Free Albania (VOFA) 91,98-101, 103-105,199 Voice of Free Hungary 35 Voice of Free Latvians 118 Voice of Free Slovakia 189,191 Voice of National Resistance (Romania) 80 Voice of the Forest (Vocea Pădurii) 79 Walker, Colonel 23 Walsch, Gen. Robert LeGrow 24
Index WEMCA 18 White Legion 183-188 “Winds of Freedom” 31 Wisner, Frank 10-13,24,27-28,47,51, 67,81, 90-91, 93-94,128,130,137, 211, 213-214,227 ZACABIN (OSO) 203 Zhukov, Yuri 18-19 ZIPPER 192,224 ZP/UHVR 137 ZRLYNCH 197,203-204 Zvigun, S.K. (KGB) 19 ZYCACTUS (OPC) 204 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München 261 |
| adam_txt |
Table of Contents Acknowledgments vi Preface 1 Abbreviations and Acronyms 4 1. Genesis of American Clandestine Cold War Broadcasting 7 2. Radio Free Europe: The American Peoples Counter Voice to Communism 21 3. From Radio Liberation to Radio Liberty to RFE/RL 47 4. Clandestine Broadcasts from Greece to Bulgaria and Romania 67 5. A Seaborne CIA Fiasco and the Voice of Free Albania (VOFA) 89 6. Black Radio to the Baltic States from Radio Nacional de España (RNE) 108 7. Black Broadcasts to Ukraine from Greece and RNE 137 8. Focus on Russia: Our Russia, Radio Free Russia and TsOPE 151 9. Clandestine Radio to Byelorussia and to Slovakia 176 Conclusion 195 Appendix A: Selected CIA Cryptonyms 197 Appendix B: National Security Council Directive 5412/2 205 Appendix C: Radio Nacional Propaganda Broadcasts 209 Appendix D: Frank Wisner Memorandum, November 22,1950 211 Appendix E: Extracts from 1953 Jackson Report on Radio Free Europe—National Committee for Free Europe 215 Appendix F: Extracts from 1953 Jackson Report on Radio Liberty 218 vii
viii Table of Contents Appendix G: Termination of Voice of Free Albania Broadcasts— Termination of HTGRUBBY Broadcasts 221 Appendix H: Personal History of Ferdinand Durčansky 224 Chapter Notes 227 Bibliography 253 Index 257
Bibliography Alexeyeva, Ludmilla. U.S. Broadcasting to the Soviet Union. New York: Helsinki Watch Com mittee, 1986. Bethell, Nicholas. The Great Betrayal: The Untold Story ofKim Philby’s Greatest Coup. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1984. Bischoff, Anna, and Zusanna Jürgens, ed. Voice ofFreedom—Western Interference? 60 Years of Radio Free Europe. Güttingen: Vendenhoeck Ruprecht, 2015. Board for International Broadcasting. Annual Reports. Washington, D.C. Bower, Tom. The Red Web: MI6 and the KGB Master Coup. London: Aurum, 1989. Browne, Donald R. International Radio Broadcasting: The Limits of the Limitless Medium. New York: Praeger, 1982. Carruthers, Susan L. Cold War Captives: Imprisonment, Escape, and Brainwashing. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009. Critchlow, James. Radio Hole-in-the-Head/Radio Liberty: An Insider’s Story of Cold War Broadcasting. Washington, D.C.: American University Press, 1995. Dulles, Alan. The Craft ofIntelligence. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1963. Felix, Christoper [pseudonym for James McCargar]. London: Madison, 1963. Fischer, George, ed. Russian Émigré Politics. New York: Free Russian Fund, 1951. Foreign Relations of the United States, 1945-1959: Emergence of the Intelligence Establishment. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1996. Frolik, Josef. The Frolik Defection: The Memoirs of an Intelligence Agent. London: Lee Coo per, 1975. Gati, Charles. Failed Illusions: Moscow, Washington, Budapest and the 1956 Hungarian Revolt. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006. Grose, Peter. Operation Rollback: America’s Secret War
Behind the Iron Curtain. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000. Hersh, Burton. The Old Boys: The American Elite and the Origins of the CIA. St. Petersburg, FL: Tree Farm, 2002. Holt, Robert T. Radio Free Europe. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1958. Jackson, Wayne G. Allen Welsh Dulles as Director of Central Intelligence, February 26,1953November 29,1961. CIA Historical Study, 1973. Jandečková, Václava. Kámen: Svědectví hlavního aktéra akce „Falešné hranice” и Všerub na Domažlicku. Nakladatelství Českého lesa, 2014. Johnson, A. Ross. Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty: The CIA Years and Beyond. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2010. Kadar Lynn, Katalin. The Inauguration of Organized Political Warfare: Cold War Organiza tions Sponsored by the National Committee for Free Europe / Free Europe Committee. Saint Helena, CA: Helena History, 2013. Kovrig, Bennet. Of Walls and Bridges: The United States and Eastern Europe. New York: New York University Press, 1991. Lendvai, Paul. The Bureaucracy of Truth: How Communist Governments Manage the News. London: Burnett, 1981. 253
254 Bibliography Lucas, Scott. Freedom’s War: The American Crusade against the Soviet Union. New York: New York University Press, 1999. Lurie, Mark. Galantiere: The Lost Generation’s Forgotten Man. West Palm Beach, FL: Over look, 2017. Meyer, Cord. Facing Reality: From World Federalism to the CIA. New York: Harper and Row, 1980. Michener, James A. The Bridge atAndau. New York: Random House, 1957. Michie, Allan. Voices Through the Iron Curtain: The Radio Free Europe Story. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1963. Mickelson, Sig. America’s Other Voice: The Story ofRadio Free Europe and Radio Liberty. New York: Praeger, 1983. Mosley, Leonard. Dulles: A Biography ofEleanor, Allen, and John Foster Dulles and Their Fam ily Network. New York: Dial, 1978. Muravchik, Joshua. Exporting Democracy: Fulfilling America’s Destiny. Washington, D.C.: American Enterprise Institute, 1991. Nelson, Michael. War of the Black Heavens: The Battles of Western Broadcasting in the Cold War. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1997. Parta, R. Eugene. Discovering the Hidden Listener: An Assessment of Radio Liberty and West ern Broadcasting to the USSR During the Cold War. Stanford: Hoover Institution, 2007. Powers, Thomas. The Man Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms and the CIA. New York: Pocket, 1991. Prados, John. Safe for Democracy: The Secret Wars of the CIA. Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2006. Price, James R. Radio Free Europe: A Survey and Analysis. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1972. Puddington, Arch. Broadcasting Freedom: The Cold War Triumph of Radio Free Europe and
Radio Liberty. Lexington: University of Kentucky Press, 2000. Report of the Presidential Study Commission on International Radio Broadcasting: The Right to Know. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1973. Saunders, Frances Stonor. The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World ofArts and Letters. New York: New, 1999. Seagrave, Sterling. Yellow Rain: A Journey Through the Terror of Chemical Warfare. London: Abacus, 1982. Short, K.R.M., ed. Western Broadcasting Over the Iron Curtain. London: Croom Helm, 1986. Sosin, Gene. Sparks of Liberty: An Insider’s Memoir of Radio Liberty. University Park: Penn sylvania State University Press, 1999. Starr, Richard E, ed. Public Diplomacy: USA versus USSR. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution, 1986. Steven, Stewart. Operation Splinter Factor. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1974. Szabo, Miklos, Professional Emigres, Budapest: Pannónia, 1959. Thomas, Evan. The Very Best Men: Four Who Dared: The Early Years of the CIA. New York: Simon Schuster, 1995. Tyson, James L. U.S. International Broadcasting and National Security. New York: Ramapo, 1983. Urban, George. The Nineteen Days: A Broadcaster’s Account of the Hungarian Revolution. London: Heinemann, 1957. _. Radio Free Europe and the Pursuit of Democracy: My War within the Cold War. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997. Warner, Michael, ed. CL4 Cold War Records: The CIA Under Harry Truman. Washington, D.C.: CIA, 1994. Washburn, Philo C. Broadcasting Propaganda: International Radio Broadcasting and the Con struction ofPolitical Reality. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1992. Wettig,
Gerhard. Broadcasting and Detente: Eastern Policies and Their Implications for East- West Relations. London: C. Hurst, 1977. Wheland, Joseph G. Radio Liberty: A Study ofIts Origins, Structure, Policy, Programming and Effectiveness. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, 1972.
Bibliography 255 Wiener, Tim. Legacy ofAshes: The History of the CIA. New York: Doubleday, 2007. Wilford, Hugh. The Mighty Wurlitzer: How the CIA Played America. Cambridge, MA: Har vard University Press, 2008. Young, Gordon. The House of Secrets: Russian Resistance to the Soviet Regime, Today. New York: Duell, Sloan, and Pearce, 1959.
Index Abrahamovič, Evžen 33 Abramtchik, Mikola 176-183,200 AEACRE 137,177 AEBALCONY 197 AEBASIN 110-114,197 AEBEEHIVE 202 AECADILT-1 171 AECADILT-2 171 AECAMBISTA 177,181,196 AECAMBISTA-1 197 AECARTHAGE 198 AECASSOWARY 147-149,197 AECAVATINA 197 AECHAMP 129,130,197 AECOB 197,203-204 AEDEPOT 177 AEFLAG 117,120-121,197 AEFREEMAN 113,115-116,197 AEGEAN 127-128,198 AEGIDEON 155,198 AEHANGOVER 161 AEHAWKEYE-1 122 AEMANTILLA 61 AEMARSH (Latvia) 117-121, 198 AEMINX(ILC) 117,198 AENOBLE 155,198 AEPAWN 164,179-171 AEPOLE 130-133,135-136,197 AEQUOR 177-182 AERANTER 140 AEREADY 177 AERODYNAMIC 140 AEROSOL 155,198 AESAURUS 155,198 AETENURE 139,198 AETERRACE 199 AETOMAC 176 AEVIRGIL 174,167,170,172,199 AEZERO/1 120 AIPLEBE 105 Albania 3,12,18,67,76-77,79, 84, 89-107, 198 Allen, George 18-19 Altschul, Frank 26-27 AMCOMLIB 4,52,54,178-179,199,201 American Friends of Russian Freedom (AFRF) 56-63,164 ANDROGEN 198-199 AQUATIC 198 Army Security Agency (ASA) 21-23 Austria 7,13,37-38, 45-46, 51, 59,147, 155-157,160,168,183-189,191,193, 198-200 AVH—Állam Védelmi Hatosag 4,37-41, 188 AVO—Állam Védelmi Osztal 4 Baltics 108,121,127 “Barbara” 25,68,79 Barrett, Edward 28 Baumgartner, Kurt (“Berthelot) 164 Belgium 147,169 Beloruska Nationalna Rada (BNR) 176, 177-183,197, 200 Beloruska Zentralna Rada (BZR) 176 Berle, Adolphe 15 Berlin 1,7-8,13,40, 46, 52, 58,74,101130, 151,156-157,160,165,168,170-174,189, 193, 203 Berukshtis, Igor 62 BGACTRESS 192,199 BGCANE (OPC) 199 Board of the Democratic Resistance Movement 127 BGCONVOY 69,71, 87,199, 202 BGFIEND 84, 89, 90, 92, 94,199-200, 201 BGLAPIN 128 BGRYTHYM
199 BGSPEED 92, 94, 97-99, 200 “Black Radio” 2,18-19,24,35,67,79,81, 257
258 Index 83, 84,106-109, 111, 124,129,138,140, 142,152-154, 225 Boldyreff, Constantin (Boldyrev Konstantin) 158 British Intelligence Service (SIS) 90-91, 94, 95,156,172, 201, 203 Bulgaria 2, 4,13,17-18, 25, 45, 61, 65, 67-79, 81, 83-84, 87, 93,100,167-170, 199,202,212,213 Bulgarian National Committee 68 Burghardt, Gottfried 170-175 Butėnas, Julijonas 128-129 Byelorussian Central Council (BCR) 176 CABEZONE 63 CABOCHE-1 (NTS) 155,198,200 CAMANTILLA 63 CAMBISTA-1 177,181,197, 200 CAMPOSANTO 177 CAPSTAN 129 CARCASS 155,198,200 “Carola” 29 CARRERA (AECARRERA) 171-172 Casey, William (Bill) 57-58 Cassady, Thomas C. 8-10 CASSOWARY-1 141,149,200 Gasta, Anton 185-186 Central Association of Post-War Émigrés (TsOPE) 53,100,151,164-171,173,195, 192,199 Černák, Matúš 193-194 Chamberlin, William Henry 52 CHARITY 200 CHAURUS 177,200 Churgin Raymond S. 123-124 Clay, Lucius D. 7-8,11,224 Counterintelligence Corp (CIC) 4,32, 183-186,191, 201 Cuba 35,161-162 Czechoslovakia 13-14,15,17, 21, 25, 29, 3133, 44-45, 54, 64,-65, 74,108,183-190, 192-194 Davies, John Paton 9-10 Defector Reception Center (DFC) 57, 61-63 DIE—Direcţia de Informaţii Externe (Romania) 4 Directorate of State Security (Bulgaria— DS) 69,71,77 Dr. Zhivago 165 DS—Drazven Sigurnost (Bulgaria) 4, 69, 71, 77 DTORIC (NCFE) 200 Dubrovsky, Sergey 50-51 Dulles, Allen 11,15,27,47, 60 Durand, Dana 51 Ďurčanský, Ferdinand 189-193,224-225 DYCLAVIER 199 DYCLEAN 192,199,299 DYCLEMATIC 200 DYCLIP (OPC) 199 DYCLUCK (OPC) 199 Dziuba, Mikhail 165 “Eagle” 35 EDICT 22 EDUCATOR 16-17,21-22, 24,200,202203, 209 Eisenhower, Pres. Dwight David 26-27
Eisenhower, Milton 65 Estonia 2,108-116,122,136,145,167-170, 197, 200-201 Faragó, Ladislas 36-37 Fatalibey, Abo 52 Finland 13,129,158 FJHAKI (Estonia) 200 FJSTEAL (USSR) 200 Free Europe Committee (FEC) 4,25, 27, 42-44, 47, 74,81-84,100,103-104, 191-192, 200, 202-203 Free Russia Fund 163 Furtseva, Yekaterina 18 Gleiman, Lubomir 187 Goodman, Sheba 58 Greenwood Project 21-22,24 Griffith, William (Bill) 14,34 HARVARD 30,57, 63,200-201 HBCHEST (Sweden) 201 HBCLOUD (Latvia) 201 HBDUCKPIN 164 Helms, Richard (CIA) 64,130 Hillenkoeter, Roscoe 8,12 Holmes, Leslie 92, 94 Hristo Botev 75-79 HTGRUBBY 102,221-223 HTNEIGH 201 Hulick, Charles C. 13 Hungary 2,13,17,25,31,35-43,45,79, 145,183 Institute for Latvian Culture (ILC) 117,120 Jackson, C.D. 14-15,24 Jackson, William Harding 15,27-28 JAGUAR 201 JBCLOUD (Latvia) 201 Juanita 94-98 Kampus, Roberts 118-119 Karas, Alex 52
Index Kennan, George 8-11,47 KGB (Kommitet Gosudarstvenoi Bezopastnosti) 19-20,45,53, 60,153, 156,161,163,174 Khokhlov, Nicolai 161 Kissinger, Henry 62 KLIMOV, Grigory (Grigoril) 165 KMHYMNAL 94 KNOBBY (OPC) 199 Krutý, Josef 185 KUBARK (CIA) 105,139,153-154,165 Kubíček, Ladislav (“Kautsky”) 194 Kukauskas-Lukis, Jonas 128 Lampertheim 22-23,50,68,79 Latvia 2,107,115-126,136,182,167-169, 197-198, 201, 203-204 Launags, Freds Ziedonids 121-126 LCFLUTTER 201 LCHOMELY 109-110,201 LCIMPROVE 201 Lebed, Mykolą 141-144,148-150 Lebedev, Theodor 165 Lindhurst, Norman 59-50 Liška, Stanislav 32 Liszka, Bela von 37-41 Lithuania 2, 61,108,115-116,121,126-136, 145,197-198, 202 Luksa, Juozas Albinas 128 Lyons, Eugene 47,57 259 Novaya Ukraina 143,144 NTS 50,53,154-163,182,198, 200 OBHUNT (Albania) 201 OBOPUS (Albania) 199,201 OBSIDIOUS (Alblania) 201 OBTEST (Albania) 102,106-107, 201 OBTUSE (Albania) 201 ODOPOL (CIC) 201 ODYOKE 115 Office of Policy Coordination (OPC) 4-5, 10-13,16-17,21-24, 47, 67-68,70-71, 81, 84,86,88, 90-94, 97-98,100,110,122, 127-129,137-138,156,177,185,199,202 Offie, Carmel 11,13 OGIVE (OSO) 201 Operation Focus 38 Operation Radio (NTS) 158 Operation Stone (Akce Kámen) 31-32 Ostrowsky, Radislaw (Radoslav) 176 Marine Biological Research Institute (MBRI) 93 Marshall, George C. 10-11,13 Meyer, Cord 43,105, 111, 182 Midney, Boris 62 Mikuła, Jozef 183 Munich 15, 25-26, 29,34-35, 37-38, 40֊ 41, 44, 46, 51-55, 58, 60, 66, 111, 116,121, 127-128,130,135-137,155,162,164-169, 171,177,179-180,182-183,187-188,192194,199,202,203 Munich Operational Base (MOB) 38,127, 177 Murphy, David E.
124 Pasternak, Boris 165 Patch, Isaac 54-56 Pavlovic, Peter 185-186 PBAFFIRM 199,201 PBCHORD 199,202 PBCHUTE (Lithuania) 202 PBCRUET 137-138 PBGIDEON (NTS) 202 PBPRIME 139 Peroutka, Ferdinand 29,191 Petva-8 158 Plechavičius, Paulius 128 Poole, Dewitt 27-28 Poremsky, V.D. 161 Possev 155-156 Project Menthol 75 Project Metaphor 75-77 Project Troy 30-31 Prolog Associates 139,141,143,145-148, 198,203 Psychological Strategy Board (PSB) 59 Psychological Warfare Panel 143 Purre, Helene 109 PYREX 145,151 Nasha Rossiya (Our Russia) 18,151-154 National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (NTS) 50, 53,154-163,182,198, 200 National Committee for Free Europe (NCFE) 14,15-16, 27-28, 31, 34, 38, 72, 82-86,102,104-105,109-110,188, 200 National Security Council 5,8,10,56, 72, 74, 202, 205-208 Nationalist Socialist Radio (NATCOM) 104-106 Nixon, Pres. Richard M. 64-65 QKACTIVE 19,201,202 QKBROIL (Romania) 82-85,202 QKCOAST (Baltic States) 110,202 QKDEMON 21,202-203 QKDROOP (NTS) 155,198, 200, 202 QKIVORY 192,292 QKSTAIR 68 QRDYNAMIC 202 QRPLUMB 198-199, 202-203 QRTENURE 139,198,203 QRTERRACE 198,202
260 Radio Barcelona 189 Radio Free Europe 1-2, 5, 7-8,11,14-16, 18, 21, 23, 25-29, 31, 33-45,47, 51, 57-59, 63-65, 68-70, 74, 79-84, 86,100, ЮЗ106, 108-109, 111, 116,121,136,138,147, 163,185,187,193, 200, 202-203,211-216, 224 Radio Free Russia 18-19, 156-163 Radio Goryanin 67-79 Radio in the American Sector (RIAS) 7-8, 130 Radio Kavkaz (Caucasus) 18-19 Radio Liberation 50-51,54,58 Radio Liberty 2,5,8,16,18,23,28,39, 47-49, 51, 53-55, 57, 59, 61-66, 94, 115-116,121,136-137,154,160,162,176, 181, 202-203 Radio Madrid 114,147 Radio Nacional de Espańa 16-17,108,112114,117,119-121,131-136,144,146-149, 166-169,176,179-181,190, 209 Radio Nova Ukraina (New Ukraine) 18, 137,141,143-144 Radio Osvobodoshdenie (Liberation) 18 Radio Pyrex 145-146 Radio Rome 115,121,130,132-136, 166-170 Radio Vatican 114,130-134 Rahr, Gleb 162 Ramparts 64 RANTER 139-140,142 REDBIRD 203 REDBLOCK (CIA) 203 REDCAP 170-172,203 REDCOAT 203 REDLEG 203 Redlich, Roman 162 REDSOX 19,122,126 REDTOP 203 REI, August 109-110 Robb, Inez 60 Roosevelt, Archibald 142-143 Rose, Karoly 37-41 Ruddock, Merret 13 Russell, McKinney 58 Sargeant, Howland 55 SGPSALM 203 SGSWIRL 203 SHELLAC 85 SHELLFIRE 86,202-203 SHUBA-100 155,198,293 Sigurimi 103 Širvys, Albinas 128 Slovakia 3,183-193 Special Procedures Branch (CIA) 8 Special Procedures Group (CIA) 8,21 Index StB—Statni Bezpečnost 6,32-33,185, 188-189,194 Stevens, Leslie C. 94 Strečanský, Ernest 185 Sumichrast, Kamil 185 Sweden 119,122,127-128,158,169, 201 Taiwan (Formosa) 53 Tigrid, Pavel 29 Tihlárik, Alexander 185 Tolstoy, Mrs. Ivan 57 Tolstoy Foundation 57 TPFEELING 203
TPLINGO 202 TPTONIC 41,202-203 Trumpis, Benediktas 128 TsOPE 164-170 UHVR 141 UJDROLLERY 38 Ukraine 2-3,18-19,137-149,196 UMPIRE 9,11-12, 21-22, 24-25, 202-203 Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) 2, 3, 5, 8,11,13-14,16,18-19,44, 47-51, 55-56, 60, 62, 64, 57, 78, 80, 88, 90, 105,110,126-127,131-132,135,137-138, 145-147,151-156,160,162-164,167,169, 178,198-199, 200, 203-205, 212 United States Escapee Program (USEP) 59 Urban, George 44 Valahu, Mugur 86-88 VALUABLE 91,96,150,203 Varga, Bela 36 Vicén, Josef 183-184,188-189 Vinogradov, Boris 50-51 VLIK (Vyriausiasis Lietuvos išlaisvinimo komitetas) 127-129,131-134 VLKIVA (OPC) 203 Voice of America (VOA) 1, 7-8,11,18-19, 21, 25-26, ЗО, 34-35,53, 72, 81, 86-87, 91,108-109,116,129,136-139,157,159, 165-166,176-178, 201 Voice of Bulgarian Resistance 67 Voice of Estonian Freedom 113-114 Voice of Free Albania (VOFA) 91,98-101, 103-105,199 Voice of Free Hungary 35 Voice of Free Latvians 118 Voice of Free Slovakia 189,191 Voice of National Resistance (Romania) 80 Voice of the Forest (Vocea Pădurii) 79 Walker, Colonel 23 Walsch, Gen. Robert LeGrow 24
Index WEMCA 18 White Legion 183-188 “Winds of Freedom” 31 Wisner, Frank 10-13,24,27-28,47,51, 67,81, 90-91, 93-94,128,130,137, 211, 213-214,227 ZACABIN (OSO) 203 Zhukov, Yuri 18-19 ZIPPER 192,224 ZP/UHVR 137 ZRLYNCH 197,203-204 Zvigun, S.K. (KGB) 19 ZYCACTUS (OPC) 204 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München 261 |
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| author | Cummings, Richard H. 1944- |
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| author_sort | Cummings, Richard H. 1944- |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046954423 |
| classification_rvk | NQ 5920 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1220905199 (DE-599)BVBBV046954423 |
| dewey-full | 327.127304709 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 327 - International relations |
| dewey-raw | 327.127304709 |
| dewey-search | 327.127304709 |
| dewey-sort | 3327.127304709 |
| dewey-tens | 320 - Political science (Politics and government) |
| discipline | Politologie Geschichte |
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| era | Geschichte 1947-1968 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1947-1968 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Osteuropa |
| id | DE-604.BV046954423 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T15:42:18Z |
| indexdate | 2024-10-17T10:01:14Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781476678641 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032362865 |
| oclc_num | 1220905199 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-188 DE-11 DE-12 DE-29 |
| owner_facet | DE-188 DE-11 DE-12 DE-29 |
| physical | viii, 261 Seiten Illustrationen |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20210723 |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateSearch | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Cummings, Richard H. 1944- Verfasser (DE-588)140898263 aut Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Richard H. Cummings Jefferson, North Carolina McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers [2021] viii, 261 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index "Published for the first time, the history of the CIA's clandestine short-wave radio broadcasts to Eastern Europe and the USSR during the early Cold War is covered in-depth. Chapters describe the "gray" broadcasting of Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty in Munich; clandestine or "black" radio broadcasts from Radio Nacional de Espana in Madrid to Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Ukraine; transmissions to Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, Ukraine and the USSR from a secret site near Athens; and broadcasts to Byelorussia and Slovakia. Infiltrated behind the Iron Curtain through dangerous air drops and boat landings, CIA and other intelligence service agents faced counterespionage, kidnapping, assassination, arrest and imprisonment. Excerpts from broadcasts taken from monitoring reports of Eastern Europe intelligence agencies are included"-- USA Central Intelligence Agency (DE-588)1021698-4 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1947-1968 gnd rswk-swf Ost-West-Konflikt (DE-588)4075770-5 gnd rswk-swf Geheimunternehmen (DE-588)4456601-3 gnd rswk-swf Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 gnd rswk-swf Hörfunksendung (DE-588)4160384-9 gnd rswk-swf Hörfunksender (DE-588)4233572-3 gnd rswk-swf Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 gnd rswk-swf United States / Central Intelligence Agency / History / 20th century Radio in propaganda / United States / History / 20th century Propaganda, American / Soviet Union / History Propaganda, American / Europe, Eastern / History / 20th century HISTORY / World PERFORMING ARTS / Radio / History & Criticism United States / Central Intelligence Agency Propaganda, American Radio in propaganda Eastern Europe Soviet Union United States 1900-1999 History USA Central Intelligence Agency (DE-588)1021698-4 b Hörfunksendung (DE-588)4160384-9 s Hörfunksender (DE-588)4233572-3 s Geheimunternehmen (DE-588)4456601-3 s Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 s Osteuropa (DE-588)4075739-0 g Ost-West-Konflikt (DE-588)4075770-5 s Geschichte 1947-1968 z DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, ebk. 978-1-4766-4068-6 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032362865&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032362865&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032362865&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Cummings, Richard H. 1944- Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe USA Central Intelligence Agency (DE-588)1021698-4 gnd Ost-West-Konflikt (DE-588)4075770-5 gnd Geheimunternehmen (DE-588)4456601-3 gnd Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 gnd Hörfunksendung (DE-588)4160384-9 gnd Hörfunksender (DE-588)4233572-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)1021698-4 (DE-588)4075770-5 (DE-588)4456601-3 (DE-588)4076374-2 (DE-588)4160384-9 (DE-588)4233572-3 (DE-588)4075739-0 |
| title | Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe |
| title_auth | Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe |
| title_exact_search | Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe |
| title_full | Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Richard H. Cummings |
| title_fullStr | Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Richard H. Cummings |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cold War frequencies CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe Richard H. Cummings |
| title_short | Cold War frequencies |
| title_sort | cold war frequencies cia clandestine radio broadcasting to the soviet union and eastern europe |
| title_sub | CIA clandestine radio broadcasting to the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe |
| topic | USA Central Intelligence Agency (DE-588)1021698-4 gnd Ost-West-Konflikt (DE-588)4075770-5 gnd Geheimunternehmen (DE-588)4456601-3 gnd Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 gnd Hörfunksendung (DE-588)4160384-9 gnd Hörfunksender (DE-588)4233572-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | USA Central Intelligence Agency Ost-West-Konflikt Geheimunternehmen Propaganda Hörfunksendung Hörfunksender Osteuropa |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032362865&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032362865&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032362865&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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