Marine oil and gas exploration in China:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin ; [Heidelberg]
Springer
[2020]
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Unbekannt Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | xxii, 570 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 27.9 cm x 21 cm |
| ISBN: | 9783662611456 3662611457 9787116119673 9783662611470 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text |
CONTENTS
PART
I
INTRODUCTION
AND
OVERVIEW
OF
MAJOR
BASINS
AND
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
1
REGIONAL
TECTONIC
SETTING
AND
PROTOTYPE
BASIN
EVOLUTION
.
3
1.1
TECTONIC
FRAMEWORK
.
3
1.1.1
CHINESE
PLATE
TECTONIC
DIVISION
AND
ITS
CHARACTERISTICS
.
3
1.1.2
CHINA
*
S
MAIN
CRATON
.
9
1.1.3
CHINA
*
S
MAIN
OROGENIC
BELT
.
12
1.2
OUTLINE
OF
REGIONAL
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
.
12
1.2.1
STRUCTURAL
CYCLES
IN
MAINLAND
CHINA
.
13
1.2.2
CHINA
*
S
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
.
14
1.3
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
CHINA
*
S
MAJOR
MARINE
PROTOTYPE
BASINS
.
16
1.3.1
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
16
1.3.2
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
22
1.3.3
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
30
REFERENCES
.
33
2
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
.
37
2.1
PARTICULARITY
AND
REGULARITY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
DEVELOPMENT
IN
CHINA
.
37
2.1.1
MARINE
STRATIGRAPHIC
DIVISION
AND
CORRELATION
.
37
2.1.2
PARTICULARITY
AND
REGULARITY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
.
38
2.2
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
EVOLUTION
RULES
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
41
2.2.1
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
42
2.2.2
MARINE
STRATIGRAPHIC
CARBONATE
SEDIMENTARY
MODEL
IN
CHINA
.
60
REFERENCES
.
60
3
MAJOR
SOURCE
ROCKS
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
61
3.1
INTRODUCTION
.
61
3.2
MAJOR
MARINE
SOURCE
ROCK
AND
ITS
DISTRIBUTION
IN
THE
YANGTZE
REGION
.
61
3.2.1
DOUSHANTUO
FORMATION
SOURCE
ROCKS
OF
THE
UPPER
SINIAN
.
61
3.2.2
DENGYING
FORMATION
SOURCE
ROCKS
OF
THE
UPPER
SINIAN
.
62
3.2.3
LOWER
CAMBRIAN
SOURCE
ROCK
.
62
3.2.4
UPPER
ORDOVICIAN-LOWER
SILURIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
65
3.2.5
MIDDLE
PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
68
3.2.6
UPPER
PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
70
3.3
MAJOR
MARINE
SOURCE
ROCK
AND
THEIR
DISTRIBUTION
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
72
3.3.1
MID-NEOPROTEROZOIC
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
72
3.3.2
LOWER
PALEOZOIC
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
73
3.3.3
CARBONIFEROUS-PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
73
VIII
3.4
MAJOR
MARINE
SOURCE
ROCK
AND
ITS
DISTRIBUTION
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
76
3.4.1
CAMBRIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
76
3.4.2
ORDOVICIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
77
3.4.3
CARBONIFEROUS
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
78
3.4.4
PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
78
REFERENCES
.
79
4
RESERVOIR
TYPE
AND
ORIGIN
.
81
4.1
OVERVIEW
.
81
4.1.1
RESEARCH
PROGRESS
WITH
RESPECT
TO
MARINE
STRATA
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
81
4.1.2
TYPES
AND
GENESIS
OF
MARINE
FACIES
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
84
4.2
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
DISTRIBUTION
OF
MARINE
CARBONATE
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
90
4.2.1
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
90
4.2.2
MESO-NEOPROTEROZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
93
4.2.3
LOWER
PALEOZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
97
4.2.4
UPPER
PALEOZOIC
RESERVOIR
.
107
4.2.5
MESOZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
110
4.2.6
CENOZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
115
4.3
MARINE
CLASTIC
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
117
4.3.1
THE
SILURIAN
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
117
4.3.2
THE
TRIASSIC-JURASSIC
IN
THE
QIANGTANG
BASIN
.
117
4.3.3
THE
CRETACEOUS-EOCENE
IN
THE
EAST
CHINA
SEA
SHELF
BASIN
.
118
4.3.4
THE
CRETACEOUS
*
EOCENE
IN
THE
SOUTH
CHINA
SEA
.
119
4.4
MARINE
SHALE
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
119
4.4.1
PRECAMBRIAN
SHALE
.
120
4.4.2
ORDOVICIAN-SILURIAN
SHALE
RESERVOIR
.
121
REFERENCES
.
124
5
REGIONAL
CAP
ROCK
AND
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
.
129
5.1
SUMMARY
.
129
5.1.1
CAP
ROCK
LITHOLOGY
.
129
5.1.2
CAP
ROCK
STRUCTURE
.
132
5.1.3
FAULT
SEALING
.
133
5.1.4
CAP
ROCK
HYDROGEOLOGY
.
133
5.1.5
EVALUATION
SYSTEM
FOR
THE
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
.
135
5.2
MARINE
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
IN
YANGTZE
AREA
.
135
5.2.1
CAP
ROCK
TYPE
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
135
5.2.2
INFLUENCE
OF
TECTONIC
ACTIVITIES
ON
CAP
ROCKS
.
141
5.2.3
MARINE
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
UNITS
IN
SOUTH
CHINA
.
143
5.2.4
EVALUATION
OF
THE
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
OF
MARINE
DEPOSITS
IN
THE
MESOZOIC
AND
PALEOZOIC
REGION
(BASIN)
IN
SOUTH
CHINA
.
146
5.3
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
OF
MARINE
HYDROCARBONS
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
147
5.3.1
CAP
ROCK
TYPE
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
147
5.3.2
RECONSTRUCTION
OF
THE
PALEOZOIC
BY
THE
DIFFERENTIAL
OVERLAPPING
OF
MESOZOIC
AND
NEOZOIC
BASINS
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
148
5.3.3
MARINE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
AND
PRESERVATION
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
148
IX
5.4
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
150
5.4.1
CAP
ROCK
.
150
5.4.2
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
TECTONIC
MOVEMENT
AND
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
.
153
5.4.3
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
AND
PRESERVATION
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
153
REFERENCES
.
158
6
RESERVOIR
TYPE
AND
SPATIAL
DISTRIBUTION
.
159
6.1
THE
PARTICULARITY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
ACCUMULATION
IN
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
159
6.1.1
DEVELOPMENT
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
IS
CHARACTERIZED
BY
SMALL
PLATES,
STRONG
ACTIVITY,
AND
MANY
TECTONIC
CYCLES
.
159
6.1.2
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
ARE
CHARACTERIZED
BY
AN
OLD
AGE,
DEEP
BURIAL,
AND
HIGH
DEGREE
OF
EVOLUTION
.
159
6.1.3
MULTI-SUPPLY
HYDROCARBON
MECHANISM
.
160
6.1.4
THREE-ELEMENT
CONTROLLING
RESERVOIR
.
164
6.1.5
EFFECTIVE
PRESERVATION
AND
COMPOUND
ACCUMULATION
.
169
6.2 OIL
AND
GAS
ENRICHMENT
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
170
6.2.1
THE
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
CONTROLS
THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
PROTOTYPE
BASIN
AND
ITS
SUPERIMPOSED
STRUCTURE
AND
ALSO
CONTROLS
THE
DISTRIBUTION
OF
THE
RESERVOIR-CAP
COMBINATION
.
170
6.2.2
THE
TECTONIC
BASIN
EVOLUTION
CONTROLS
THE
SUBSIDENCE,
BURIAL,
HYDROCARBON
FORMATION
AND
ACCUMULATION,
AND
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
LOCATION
.
173
6.2.3
STRUCTURAL
PALEO-UPLIFT
CONTROLS
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
MIGRATION
DIRECTION
AND
ENRICHMENT
ZONE
.
178
6.2.4
THE
BASIC
PATTERN
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
LOSS
AND
PRESERVATION
IS
CONTROLLED
BY
LATE
TECTONIC
MOVEMENT
AND
TECTONIC
DEFORMATION
AND
THE
RELATIVELY
STABLE
PRESERVATION
UNIT
CONTROLS
THE
FINAL
POSITIONING
OF
MARINE
OIL
AND
GAS
.
181
6.3
NEW
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
THEORY
.
183
6.3.1
OIL
AND
GAS
GEOLOGICAL
THEORY
OF
ULTRA-DEEP
FRACTURE-CAVITY
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
183
6.3.2
NEW
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
THEORY
OF
MARINE
DEEP
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
195
6.3.3
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
SILURIAN
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
ACCUMULATION
.
204
6.3.4
NEW
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
GEOLOGICAL
THEORY
OF
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
205
6.3.5
PROGRESS
WITH
RESPECT
TO
THE
ACCUMULATION
THEORY
OF
THE
CARBONATE
PALEO-BURIED
HILL
IN
THE
BOHAI
BAY
BASIN
.
209
REFERENCES
.
212
PART
II
EXPLORATION
CASE
STUDIES
7
PROGRESS
AND
THEORY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
217
7.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGY
OF
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
217
7.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
OF
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
217
7.1.2
REGIONAL
TECTONICS-SEDIMENTARY
EVOLUTION
.
217
X
7.2
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
AND
EXPLORATION
RESULTS
IN
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
221
7.2.1
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
.
221
7.2.2
MAJOR
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERIES
.
223
REFERENCES
.
227
8
WUBAITI
GAS
FIELD
.
229
8.1
BASIC
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
229
8.1.1
STRUCTURE
AND
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
229
8.1.2
CARBONIFEROUS
DIVISION
AND
ITS
DISTRIBUTION
.
229
8.2
BASIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
.
231
8.2.1
MAIN
RESERVOIR
SPACE
TYPE
.
231
8.2.2
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
POROSITY
AND
WATER
SATURATION
.
232
8.3
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
RESERVOIR
.
232
8.4
ANALYSIS
OF
GAS
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
234
8.5
HISTORY
OF
GAS
MIGRATION
AND
ACCUMULATION
.
235
8.6
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
235
REFERENCES
.
237
9
PUGUANG
GAS
FIELD
.
239
9.1
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
239
9.1.1
LOCATION
.
239
9.1.2
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
239
9.2
GAS
FIELD
DISCOVERY
.
241
9.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
PUGUANG
GAS
FIELD
.
242
9.3.1
STRUCTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
242
9.3.2
GAS
FIELD
FLUID
CHARACTERISTICS
.
242
9.4
MAIN
GAS
LAYER
CHARACTERISTICS
.
244
9.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
244
9.4.2
SEQUENCES
AND
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
.
246
9.4.3
DIAGENESIS
.
253
9.4.4
RESERVOIR
PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
256
9.5
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
259
9.5.1
BURIAL
AND
HYDROCARBON
GENERATION
.
259
9.5.2
ACCUMULATION
PERIOD
.
260
9.5.3
RECOVERY
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
261
9.5.4
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
ACCUMULATION
.
261
REFERENCES
.
263
10
YUANBA
GAS
FIELD
.
265
10.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
265
10.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
265
10.1.2
STRATIGRAPHIC
FEATURES
.
265
10.1.3
TECTONIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
265
10.2
GAS
FIELD
DISCOVERY
HISTORY
.
267
10.3
GAS
FIELD
CHARACTERISTICS
.
268
10.3.1
LITHOLOGIC
REEF-SHOAL
GAS
RESERVOIR
OF
THE
CHANGXING
FORMATION
.
268
10.3.2
OOLITIC
SHOAL
LITHOLOGIC
GAS
RESERVOIR
OF
THE
FEIXIANGUAN
FORMATION
.
269
10.3.3
NATURAL
GAS
SOURCE
.
270
XI
10.4
MAIN
GAS
LAYER
CHARACTERISTICS
.
270
10.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
PROFILE
.
270
10.4.2
SEQUENCE
AND
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
.
271
10.4.3
DIAGENESIS
.
274
10.4.4
RESERVOIR
PROPERTIES
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
276
10.5
DYNAMIC
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
281
10.5.1
ACCUMULATION
TIME
AND
PERIOD
.
281
10.5.2
RECOVERY
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
281
REFERENCES
.
283
11
PENGZHOU
GAS
FIELD
.
285
11.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTINGS
.
285
11.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
285
11.1.2
REGIONAL
STRUCTURE
.
285
11.1.3
STRATIGRAPHY
.
287
11.1.4
STRUCTURAL
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.
287
11.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
.
290
11.3
GEOLOGIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
PENGZHOU
GAS
FIELD
.
290
11.3.1
STRUCTURAL
FEATURES
.
290
11.3.2
TRAP
FEATURES
.
292
11.3.3
GAS
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
293
11.4
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
OIL
AND
GAS
INTERVALS
.
293
11.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
PROFILES
.
293
11.4.2
STRATIGRAPHIC
SEQUENCE
AND
FACIES
.
293
11.4.3
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
296
11.4.4
RESERVOIR
FORMATION
MECHANISM
.
301
11.5
MAIN
CONTROL
FACTORS
AND
ENRICHMENT
RULES
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
.
303
11.5.1
GAS
SOURCE
COMPARISON
OF
THE
LEIKOUPO
GAS
RESERVOIR
IN
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
303
11.5.2
THE
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
OF
THE
LEIKOUPO
FORMATION
IN
PENGZHOU
GAS
FIELD
.
303
REFERENCES
.
305
12
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
307
12.1
LOCATION
.
307
12.2
STRATIGRAPHICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
SINIAN-CAMBRIAN
.
307
12.2.1
DIVISION
AND
COMPARISON
OF
THE
LITHOLOGIC
SECTIONS
OF
THE
DENGYING
FORMATION
.
307
12.2.2
MAIDIPING
FORMATION
.
309
12.2.3
LONGWANGMIAO
FORMATION
.
309
12.3
SINIAN-CAMBRIAN
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
.
309
12.3.1
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
OF
THE
SINIAN
DENGYING
FORMATION
.
312
12.3.2
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
OF
THE
CAMBRIAN
LONGWANGMIAO
FORMATION
.
313
12.4
STRUCTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
AREA
IN
CENTRAL
SICHUAN
.
317
12.4.1
FEATURES
OF
PALEO-UPLIFT
IN
CENTRAL
SICHUAN
.
317
12.4.2
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
IN
CENTRAL
SICHUAN
.
318
XII
12.5
DISCOVERY
OF
THE
GIANT
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
323
12.5.1
DISCOVERY
OF
THE
WEIYUAN
GAS
FIELD
(1940-1964)
.
324
12.5.2
DIFFICULT
EXPLORATION
STAGE
(1964-2005)
.
324
12.5.3
RISKY
EXPLORATION
STAGE
(2006-2011)
.
324
12.5.4
OVERALL
EVALUATION
STAGE
(2012
TO
PRESENT)
.
327
12.6
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
AN
*
YUE
GIANT
GAS
FIELD
.
327
12.6.1
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
327
12.6.2
RESERVOIR
TYPE
OF
THE
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
330
12.6.3
GAS
RESERVOIR
FLUID
CHARACTERISTICS
.
332
12.7
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
FORMATION
OF
THE
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
333
12.7.1
RICH
SOURCE
ROCKS
IN
THE
PALEO-RIFT
DEPRESSION
.
334
12.7.2
DEVELOPMENT
OF
HIGH-QUALITY
RESERVOIRS
IN
THE
PALEO-MOUND
AND
-SHOAL
COMPLEX
.
335
12.7.3
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
IS
ADVANTAGEOUS
FOR
HYDROCARBON
MIGRATION
.
336
12.7.4
THE
PALEO-TRAP
IS
BENEFICIAL
TO
THE
EARLY
ACCUMULATION
OF
HYDROCARBONS
.
339
REFERENCES
.
339
13
PROGRESS
AND
THEORY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
341
13.1
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
OUTLINE
.
341
13.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
341
13.1.2
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
341
13.1.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MARINE
FORMATION
.
341
13.2
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
AND
ACHIEVEMENTS
.
346
13.2.1
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
.
346
13.2.2
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
346
REFERENCES
.
351
14
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.1
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
HISTORY
OF
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.2.1
EXPLORATION
HISTORY
OF
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.2.2
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
355
14.3
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
WEATHERING
CRUST
GAS
RESERVOIRS
IN
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
356
14.3.1
STRATUM
DEVELOPMENT
CHARACTERISTICS
.
356
14.3.2
LITHOFACIES
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY
AND
FAVORABLE
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
BELTS
.
358
14.3.3
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
360
14.3.4
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
DEVELOPMENT
.
363
14.3.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
GAS
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
366
REFERENCES
.
371
15
DANIUDI
GAS
FIELD
.
373
15.1
GEOGRAPHIC
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
373
15.2
EXPLORATION
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
373
15.3
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
374
15.3.1
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
IN
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
374
15.3.2
FLUID
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
375
15.3.3
PRODUCTION
AND
EXPLOITATION
.
375
XIII
15.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
GAS
LAYER
.
376
15.4.1
STRATA
.
376
15.4.2
SEDIMENTARY
FEATURES
.
377
15.4.3
THREE-STAGE
KARST
DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
.
379
15.4.4
PHYSICAL
FEATURES
AND
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
.
383
15.4.5
GEOPHYSICAL
TECHNOLOGY
AND
METHODS
USED
TO
VERIFY
PETROLEUM
FORMATION
.
386
15.4.6
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
GAS
RESERVOIR
ACCUMULATION
.
386
REFERENCES
.
389
16
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
391
16.1
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTINGS
.
391
16.1.1
GEOLOGICAL
LOCATION
.
391
16.1.2
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
OVERVIEW
.
391
16.2
EXPLORATION
HISTORY
OF
THE
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
394
16.2.1
EARLY
EXPLORATION
STAGE
.
394
16.2.2
DISCOVERY
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
395
16.2.3
LARGE-SCALE
EXPLORATION
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
395
16.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
396
16.3.1
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
396
16.3.2
TEMPERATURE
AND
PRESSURE
.
396
16.3.3
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
397
16.3.4
RESERVES
AND
PRODUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS
.
397
16.3.5
DEVELOPMENT
CHARACTERISTICS
.
397
16.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
GAS-BEARING
STRATA
IN
THE
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
398
16.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
OVERVIEW
.
398
16.4.2
SEDIMENTARY
ENVIRONMENT
.
399
16.4.3
DIAGENESIS
.
399
16.4.4
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
HIGH-QUALITY
RESERVOIR
.
402
16.5
FORMATION
OF
THE
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
403
16.5.1
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
BASIC
GEOLOGICAL
CONDITIONS
DURING
THE
RESERVOIR
FORMATION
.
403
16.6
TECHNOLOGY
FOR
THE
SEISMIC
PREDICTION
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
DISTRIBUTION
OF
FAVORABLE
SANDSTONE
.
406
16.6.1
GEOPHYSICAL
BASIS
OF
THE
SEISMIC
PREDICTION
OF
SANDSTONE
IN
THE
TAIYUAN
FORMATION
.
407
16.6.2
LARGE-SECTION
WAVEFORM
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
FORWARD
GEOLOGICAL
MODEL
OF
THE
WAVE
EQUATION
.
407
16.6.3
SANDSTONE
DISTRIBUTION
PREDICTION
BY
SEISMIC
INVERSION
.
408
16.6.4
SEISMIC
ATTRIBUTION
PREDICTION
OF
THE
SANDBODY
THICKNESS
AND
GAS-BEARING
PREDICTION
TECHNIQUE
.
408
REFERENCES
.
411
17
PROGRESS
AND
THEORY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
413
17.1
REGIONAL
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGICAL
OVERVIEW
.
413
17.2
HISTORY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
MARINE
STRATA
.
413
17.2.1
BREAKTHROUGH
IN
LARGE
STRUCTURES
(1984-1989)
.
413
17.2.2
EXPLORATION
OF
DEEP
MARINE
CLASTIC
ROCKS
(1990-1996)
.
416
17.2.3
INCREASED
PRODUCTION
AND
RESERVE
IN
ULTRA-DEEP
FRACTURE-CAVITY
MARINE
CARBONATE
(1996
TO
PRESENT)
.
417
XIV
17.3
OIL
AND
GAS
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
FRACTURE-CAVITY
RESERVOIRS
IN
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
.
419
17.3.1
TECTONIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
TAZHONG-TABEI
PLATFORM
UPLIFT
.
419
17.3.2
MAIN
LAYERS
AND
SEDIMENTARY
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIRS
.
420
17.3.3
KARST
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
422
17.3.4
REGIONAL
CAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
422
17.3.5
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
QUASI-LAYERED
FRACTURE-CAVITY
RESERVOIRS
IN
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
.
424
17.4
EXPLORATION
ACHIEVEMENTS
AND
EXPLORATION
PROSPECTS
FOR
MARINE
OIL
AND
GAS
.
424
17.4.1
EXPLORATION
ACHIEVEMENTS
FOR
THE
CARBONIFEROUS
DONGHE
SANDSTONE
.
424
17.4.2
GIANT
OIL-GAS
AREA
IN
THE
TAZHONG-TABEI
INTRA-PLATFORM
UPLIFT
.
424
17.4.3
EXPLORATION
PROSPECTS
.
426
REFERENCES
.
427
18
TAHE
OILFIELD
.
429
18.1
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGY
.
429
18.1.1
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
LOCATION
.
429
18.1.2
REGIONAL
GEOLOGY
.
429
18.2
OILFIELD
DISCOVERY
HISTORY
.
430
18.2.1
STAGE
I:
SIGNIFICANT
HYDROCARBON
EXPLORATION
BREAKTHROUGH
(1996-1997)
.
431
18.2.2
STAGE
II:
EXPLORATION
EVALUATION,
RAPIDLY
PROVED
AND
PRODUCTION
INCREMENT
(1998-2005)
.
432
18.2.3
STAGE
III:
PERIPHERAL
EXPANSION,
OVERALL
CONTROL,
AND
SCALE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
TAHE
OILFIELD
(2006-2010)
.
432
18.3
OILFIELD
CHARACTERISTICS
.
432
18.3.1
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
432
18.3.2
RESERVOIR
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
434
18.3.3
OILFIELD
DEVELOPMENT
STATUS
.
435
18.4
PAY
INTERVAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
436
18.4.1
PAY
INTERVAL
DISTRIBUTION
AND
LITHOLOGY
.
436
18.4.2
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
436
18.4.3
GEOPHYSICAL
PREDICTION
TECHNIQUES
FOR
CARBONATE
OIL-GAS
LAYERS
(RESERVOIRS)
.
444
18.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
446
18.5.1
FORMATION
PERIOD
OF
THE
ORDOVICIAN
CARBONATE
KARST
RESERVOIR
DURING
THE
EARLY
HERCYNIAN
MOVEMENT
.
448
18.5.2
ESTABLISHMENT
AND
LOCAL
DESTRUCTION
OF
THE
CLOSED
RESERVOIR
FORMATION
SYSTEM
AT
THE
END
OF
THE
LATE
HERCYNIAN
MOVEMENT
.
448
18.5.3
RECONSTRUCTION
OF
THE
INDOSINIAN-EARLY
HIMALAYAN
REGIONAL
CLOSED
SYSTEM
.
448
18.5.4
REGIONAL
CLOSED
SYSTEM
AND
ORDOVICIAN
RESERVOIR
COMPLETION
OF
THE
TAHE
OILFIELD
IN
THE
LATE
HIMALAYAN
.
449
REFERENCES
.
450
XV
19
TAZHONG
I
CONDENSATE
GAS
FIELD
.
451
19.1
REGIONAL
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGY
.
451
19.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
HISTORY
.
451
19.2.1
2D
SEISMIC
EXPLORATION
PROVED
8220
KM
2
GIANT
BURIED
HILL
IN
THE
DESERT
AREA
AND
REALIZING
THE
STRATEGIC
BREAKTHROUGH
OF
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
TAZHONG
AREA
.
451
19.2.2
LOCAL
STRUCTURE
EXPLORATION:
MULTIPLE
OIL
SHOWS
WERE
FOUND
WITHIN
THE
200
KM
EAST-WEST
RANGE
OF
THE
NORTHERN
TAZHONG
SLOPE
.
454
19.2.3
BASED
ON
THE
IDEAS
OF
THE
LUNNAN
KARST
EXPLORATION
AND
DEEPEN
THE
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
REEF
BEACH
BODY
AND
INTERLAYER
KARST
.
454
19.3
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
GAS
CONDENSATE
FIELDS
.
456
19.3.1
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
456
19.3.2
ORDOVICIAN
STRATA
DISTRIBUTION
AND
SEDIMENTARY
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
460
19.3.3
DIAGENESIS
TYPES
.
462
19.3.4
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
.
462
19.4
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
ENLIGHTENMENT
.
466
19.4.1
BREAKTHROUGH
IN
THE
UNDERSTANDING
OF
QUASI-STRATIFIED
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIRS,
GUIDING
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
LARGE
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
466
19.4.2
REEF-SHOAL
KARST
AND
INTERLAYER
KARST
FISSURE
CAVITIES
ARE
PRIMARY
DRILLING
TARGETS
.
466
19.4.3
IMPROVING
THE
QUALITY
OF
3D
SEISMIC
DATA
IS
THE
ETERNAL
THEME
OF
FRACTURE-CAVITY
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
.
467
19.4.4
THE
FINE
DESCRIPTION
AND
TARGET
TECHNIQUE
FOR
THE
FRACTURE-CAVITY
ARE
THE
KEYS
TO
IMPROVE
THE
DRILLING
SUCCESS
RATE
.
467
19.4.5
PERSEVERANCE
AND
INDOMITABLE
SPIRIT
ARE
THE
KEYS
TO
THE
SUCCESS
OF
LARGE
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
468
REFERENCES
.
468
20
HADEXUN
OILFIELD
.
469
20.1
REGIONAL
GEOGRAPHIC
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
469
20.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
HISTORY
.
469
20.2.1
DRILLING
THE
LOW-RELIEF
ANTICLINE
AND
DISCOVERING
A
THIN
SANDSTONE
RESERVOIR
IN
THE
MIDDLE
MUDSTONE
MEMBER
.
469
20.2.2
DRILLING
STRATIGRAPHIC
TRAPS
TO
ACHIEVE
A
BREAKTHROUGH
IN
THE
DONGHE
SANDSTONE
.
469
20.2.3
INTEGRATION
OF
PROGRESSIVE
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
MASSIVELY
IMPROVING
RESERVES
AND
PRODUCTION
.
470
20.2.4
OPTIMIZATION
AND
ADJUSTMENT
OF
DEVELOPMENT
TO
MAINTAIN
THE
STABLE
PRODUCTION
IN
THE
MILLION-TON
OILFIELD
.
470
20.3
RESERVOIR
GEOLOGIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
471
20.3.1
SEQUENCE
STRATIGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
471
20.3.2
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
CHARACTERISTICS
.
474
20.3.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
SANDSTONE
RESERVOIRS
.
477
20.3.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
TRAP
(STRUCTURE)
.
480
20.4
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
482
20.4.1
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
482
20.4.2
RESERVOIR
TYPES
.
482
20.4.3
ACCUMULATION
PERIOD
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
483
XVI
20.5
ENLIGHTENMENT
OF
THE
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
.
485
20.5.1
PROGRESSIVE
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
IS
THE
GUARANTEE
FOR
THE
SUCCESSFUL
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
OF
ULTRA-DEEP
AND
COMPLEX
RESERVOIRS
.
485
20.5.2
DEEP
AND
THIN
MARINE
CLASTIC
ROCK
RESERVOIR
HAS
BEEN
DEVELOPED
EFFICIENTLY
BY
HORIZONTAL
WELL
TECHNOLOGY
.
487
REFERENCES
.
487
21
BOHAI
BAY
BASIN
.
489
21.1
PROGRESS
OF
THE
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
BOHAI
BAY
BASIN
.
489
21.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
CONDITIONS
.
489
21.1.2
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
AND
EXPLORATION
RESULTS
.
494
21.2
RENQIU
OILFIELD
(BURIED
HILLS
OF
THE
WUMISHAN
FORMATION
IN
THE
JIXIAN
SYSTEM)
.
497
21.2.1
OILFIELD
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
497
21.2.2
HISTORY
OF
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
499
21.2.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
500
21.2.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
RESERVOIRS
.
504
21.2.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
506
21.3
NIUDONG
GAS
FIELD
.
508
21.3.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
508
21.3.2
HISTORY
OF
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
510
21.3.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
NIUDONG
BURIED
HILL
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIR
.
511
21.3.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIRS
.
512
21.3.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
.
514
REFERENCES
.
515
22
RESOURCE
POTENTIAL
AND
EXPLORATION
PROGRESS
OF
SHALE
GAS
IN
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
517
22.1
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
MARINE
SHALE
IN
CHINA
.
517
22.1.1
LOWER
CAMBRIAN
.
518
22.1.2
UPPER
ORDOVICIAN-LOWER
SILURIAN
.
522
22.2
RESOURCE
CONDITION
OF
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
527
22.3
EXPLORATION
AND
EXPLOITATION
STATUS
OF
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
528
22.4
EVALUATION
METHOD
FOR
THE
SELECTED
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
AREA
AND
FAVORABLE
AREAS
IN
CHINA
.
529
22.4.1
EVALUATION
OF
THE
SELECTED
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
AREA
.
529
22.4.2
DISTRIBUTION
OF
FAVORABLE
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
532
22.5
EXPLORATION
PROSPECTS
OF
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
533
22.5.1
EXPLORATION
DEVELOPMENT
AREA
.
533
22.5.2
EXPLORATION
BREAKTHROUGH
AND
PREPARATION
AREA
.
535
REFERENCES
.
535
23
PULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
537
23.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
537
23.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
537
23.1.2
REGIONAL
STRUCTURE
.
537
23.1.3
TECTONIC-SEDIMENTARY
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.
537
23.1.4
REGIONAL
STRATIGRAPHY
.
541
23.2
EXPLORATION
HISTORY
OF
THE
FULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
541
23.3
BASIC
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
FULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
545
23.3.1
STRUCTURAL
FEATURES
.
545
23.3.2
ORGANIC
GEOCHEMICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
545
XVII
23.3.3
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
549
23.3.4
SHALE
MINERAL
COMPOSITION
.
555
23.4
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
ENRICHMENT
AND
HIGH
PRODUCTION
IN
THE
PULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
559
23.4.1
MAIN
FACTORS
AFFECTING
THE
SHALE
GAS
ENRICHMENT
.
559
23.4.2
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
HIGH
PRODUCTION
SHALE
GAS
.
563
23.4.3
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
ACCUMULATION
AND
PRODUCTIVITY
OF
SHALE
GAS
.
569
REFERENCES
.
569 |
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
PART
I
INTRODUCTION
AND
OVERVIEW
OF
MAJOR
BASINS
AND
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
1
REGIONAL
TECTONIC
SETTING
AND
PROTOTYPE
BASIN
EVOLUTION
.
3
1.1
TECTONIC
FRAMEWORK
.
3
1.1.1
CHINESE
PLATE
TECTONIC
DIVISION
AND
ITS
CHARACTERISTICS
.
3
1.1.2
CHINA
*
S
MAIN
CRATON
.
9
1.1.3
CHINA
*
S
MAIN
OROGENIC
BELT
.
12
1.2
OUTLINE
OF
REGIONAL
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
.
12
1.2.1
STRUCTURAL
CYCLES
IN
MAINLAND
CHINA
.
13
1.2.2
CHINA
*
S
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
.
14
1.3
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
CHINA
*
S
MAJOR
MARINE
PROTOTYPE
BASINS
.
16
1.3.1
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
16
1.3.2
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
22
1.3.3
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
30
REFERENCES
.
33
2
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
.
37
2.1
PARTICULARITY
AND
REGULARITY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
DEVELOPMENT
IN
CHINA
.
37
2.1.1
MARINE
STRATIGRAPHIC
DIVISION
AND
CORRELATION
.
37
2.1.2
PARTICULARITY
AND
REGULARITY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
.
38
2.2
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
EVOLUTION
RULES
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
41
2.2.1
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
42
2.2.2
MARINE
STRATIGRAPHIC
CARBONATE
SEDIMENTARY
MODEL
IN
CHINA
.
60
REFERENCES
.
60
3
MAJOR
SOURCE
ROCKS
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
61
3.1
INTRODUCTION
.
61
3.2
MAJOR
MARINE
SOURCE
ROCK
AND
ITS
DISTRIBUTION
IN
THE
YANGTZE
REGION
.
61
3.2.1
DOUSHANTUO
FORMATION
SOURCE
ROCKS
OF
THE
UPPER
SINIAN
.
61
3.2.2
DENGYING
FORMATION
SOURCE
ROCKS
OF
THE
UPPER
SINIAN
.
62
3.2.3
LOWER
CAMBRIAN
SOURCE
ROCK
.
62
3.2.4
UPPER
ORDOVICIAN-LOWER
SILURIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
65
3.2.5
MIDDLE
PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
68
3.2.6
UPPER
PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
70
3.3
MAJOR
MARINE
SOURCE
ROCK
AND
THEIR
DISTRIBUTION
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
72
3.3.1
MID-NEOPROTEROZOIC
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
72
3.3.2
LOWER
PALEOZOIC
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
73
3.3.3
CARBONIFEROUS-PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
73
VIII
3.4
MAJOR
MARINE
SOURCE
ROCK
AND
ITS
DISTRIBUTION
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
76
3.4.1
CAMBRIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
76
3.4.2
ORDOVICIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
77
3.4.3
CARBONIFEROUS
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
78
3.4.4
PERMIAN
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
78
REFERENCES
.
79
4
RESERVOIR
TYPE
AND
ORIGIN
.
81
4.1
OVERVIEW
.
81
4.1.1
RESEARCH
PROGRESS
WITH
RESPECT
TO
MARINE
STRATA
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
81
4.1.2
TYPES
AND
GENESIS
OF
MARINE
FACIES
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
84
4.2
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
DISTRIBUTION
OF
MARINE
CARBONATE
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
90
4.2.1
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
90
4.2.2
MESO-NEOPROTEROZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
93
4.2.3
LOWER
PALEOZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
97
4.2.4
UPPER
PALEOZOIC
RESERVOIR
.
107
4.2.5
MESOZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
110
4.2.6
CENOZOIC
RESERVOIRS
.
115
4.3
MARINE
CLASTIC
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
117
4.3.1
THE
SILURIAN
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
117
4.3.2
THE
TRIASSIC-JURASSIC
IN
THE
QIANGTANG
BASIN
.
117
4.3.3
THE
CRETACEOUS-EOCENE
IN
THE
EAST
CHINA
SEA
SHELF
BASIN
.
118
4.3.4
THE
CRETACEOUS
*
EOCENE
IN
THE
SOUTH
CHINA
SEA
.
119
4.4
MARINE
SHALE
RESERVOIRS
IN
CHINA
.
119
4.4.1
PRECAMBRIAN
SHALE
.
120
4.4.2
ORDOVICIAN-SILURIAN
SHALE
RESERVOIR
.
121
REFERENCES
.
124
5
REGIONAL
CAP
ROCK
AND
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
.
129
5.1
SUMMARY
.
129
5.1.1
CAP
ROCK
LITHOLOGY
.
129
5.1.2
CAP
ROCK
STRUCTURE
.
132
5.1.3
FAULT
SEALING
.
133
5.1.4
CAP
ROCK
HYDROGEOLOGY
.
133
5.1.5
EVALUATION
SYSTEM
FOR
THE
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
.
135
5.2
MARINE
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
IN
YANGTZE
AREA
.
135
5.2.1
CAP
ROCK
TYPE
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
135
5.2.2
INFLUENCE
OF
TECTONIC
ACTIVITIES
ON
CAP
ROCKS
.
141
5.2.3
MARINE
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
UNITS
IN
SOUTH
CHINA
.
143
5.2.4
EVALUATION
OF
THE
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
OF
MARINE
DEPOSITS
IN
THE
MESOZOIC
AND
PALEOZOIC
REGION
(BASIN)
IN
SOUTH
CHINA
.
146
5.3
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
OF
MARINE
HYDROCARBONS
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
147
5.3.1
CAP
ROCK
TYPE
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
147
5.3.2
RECONSTRUCTION
OF
THE
PALEOZOIC
BY
THE
DIFFERENTIAL
OVERLAPPING
OF
MESOZOIC
AND
NEOZOIC
BASINS
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
148
5.3.3
MARINE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
AND
PRESERVATION
IN
NORTH
CHINA
.
148
IX
5.4
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
CONDITIONS
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
150
5.4.1
CAP
ROCK
.
150
5.4.2
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
TECTONIC
MOVEMENT
AND
HYDROCARBON
PRESERVATION
.
153
5.4.3
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
AND
PRESERVATION
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
153
REFERENCES
.
158
6
RESERVOIR
TYPE
AND
SPATIAL
DISTRIBUTION
.
159
6.1
THE
PARTICULARITY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
ACCUMULATION
IN
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
159
6.1.1
DEVELOPMENT
OF
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
IS
CHARACTERIZED
BY
SMALL
PLATES,
STRONG
ACTIVITY,
AND
MANY
TECTONIC
CYCLES
.
159
6.1.2
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
ARE
CHARACTERIZED
BY
AN
OLD
AGE,
DEEP
BURIAL,
AND
HIGH
DEGREE
OF
EVOLUTION
.
159
6.1.3
MULTI-SUPPLY
HYDROCARBON
MECHANISM
.
160
6.1.4
THREE-ELEMENT
CONTROLLING
RESERVOIR
.
164
6.1.5
EFFECTIVE
PRESERVATION
AND
COMPOUND
ACCUMULATION
.
169
6.2 OIL
AND
GAS
ENRICHMENT
AND
DISTRIBUTION
.
170
6.2.1
THE
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
CONTROLS
THE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
PROTOTYPE
BASIN
AND
ITS
SUPERIMPOSED
STRUCTURE
AND
ALSO
CONTROLS
THE
DISTRIBUTION
OF
THE
RESERVOIR-CAP
COMBINATION
.
170
6.2.2
THE
TECTONIC
BASIN
EVOLUTION
CONTROLS
THE
SUBSIDENCE,
BURIAL,
HYDROCARBON
FORMATION
AND
ACCUMULATION,
AND
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
LOCATION
.
173
6.2.3
STRUCTURAL
PALEO-UPLIFT
CONTROLS
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
MIGRATION
DIRECTION
AND
ENRICHMENT
ZONE
.
178
6.2.4
THE
BASIC
PATTERN
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
LOSS
AND
PRESERVATION
IS
CONTROLLED
BY
LATE
TECTONIC
MOVEMENT
AND
TECTONIC
DEFORMATION
AND
THE
RELATIVELY
STABLE
PRESERVATION
UNIT
CONTROLS
THE
FINAL
POSITIONING
OF
MARINE
OIL
AND
GAS
.
181
6.3
NEW
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
THEORY
.
183
6.3.1
OIL
AND
GAS
GEOLOGICAL
THEORY
OF
ULTRA-DEEP
FRACTURE-CAVITY
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
183
6.3.2
NEW
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
THEORY
OF
MARINE
DEEP
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
195
6.3.3
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
SILURIAN
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
ACCUMULATION
.
204
6.3.4
NEW
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
GEOLOGICAL
THEORY
OF
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
205
6.3.5
PROGRESS
WITH
RESPECT
TO
THE
ACCUMULATION
THEORY
OF
THE
CARBONATE
PALEO-BURIED
HILL
IN
THE
BOHAI
BAY
BASIN
.
209
REFERENCES
.
212
PART
II
EXPLORATION
CASE
STUDIES
7
PROGRESS
AND
THEORY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
217
7.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGY
OF
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
217
7.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
OF
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
217
7.1.2
REGIONAL
TECTONICS-SEDIMENTARY
EVOLUTION
.
217
X
7.2
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
AND
EXPLORATION
RESULTS
IN
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
221
7.2.1
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
.
221
7.2.2
MAJOR
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERIES
.
223
REFERENCES
.
227
8
WUBAITI
GAS
FIELD
.
229
8.1
BASIC
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
229
8.1.1
STRUCTURE
AND
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
229
8.1.2
CARBONIFEROUS
DIVISION
AND
ITS
DISTRIBUTION
.
229
8.2
BASIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
.
231
8.2.1
MAIN
RESERVOIR
SPACE
TYPE
.
231
8.2.2
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
POROSITY
AND
WATER
SATURATION
.
232
8.3
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
RESERVOIR
.
232
8.4
ANALYSIS
OF
GAS
SOURCE
ROCKS
.
234
8.5
HISTORY
OF
GAS
MIGRATION
AND
ACCUMULATION
.
235
8.6
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
235
REFERENCES
.
237
9
PUGUANG
GAS
FIELD
.
239
9.1
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
239
9.1.1
LOCATION
.
239
9.1.2
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
239
9.2
GAS
FIELD
DISCOVERY
.
241
9.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
PUGUANG
GAS
FIELD
.
242
9.3.1
STRUCTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
242
9.3.2
GAS
FIELD
FLUID
CHARACTERISTICS
.
242
9.4
MAIN
GAS
LAYER
CHARACTERISTICS
.
244
9.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
244
9.4.2
SEQUENCES
AND
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
.
246
9.4.3
DIAGENESIS
.
253
9.4.4
RESERVOIR
PHYSICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
256
9.5
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
259
9.5.1
BURIAL
AND
HYDROCARBON
GENERATION
.
259
9.5.2
ACCUMULATION
PERIOD
.
260
9.5.3
RECOVERY
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
261
9.5.4
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
OIL
AND
GAS
ACCUMULATION
.
261
REFERENCES
.
263
10
YUANBA
GAS
FIELD
.
265
10.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
265
10.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
265
10.1.2
STRATIGRAPHIC
FEATURES
.
265
10.1.3
TECTONIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
265
10.2
GAS
FIELD
DISCOVERY
HISTORY
.
267
10.3
GAS
FIELD
CHARACTERISTICS
.
268
10.3.1
LITHOLOGIC
REEF-SHOAL
GAS
RESERVOIR
OF
THE
CHANGXING
FORMATION
.
268
10.3.2
OOLITIC
SHOAL
LITHOLOGIC
GAS
RESERVOIR
OF
THE
FEIXIANGUAN
FORMATION
.
269
10.3.3
NATURAL
GAS
SOURCE
.
270
XI
10.4
MAIN
GAS
LAYER
CHARACTERISTICS
.
270
10.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
PROFILE
.
270
10.4.2
SEQUENCE
AND
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
.
271
10.4.3
DIAGENESIS
.
274
10.4.4
RESERVOIR
PROPERTIES
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
276
10.5
DYNAMIC
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
281
10.5.1
ACCUMULATION
TIME
AND
PERIOD
.
281
10.5.2
RECOVERY
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
281
REFERENCES
.
283
11
PENGZHOU
GAS
FIELD
.
285
11.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTINGS
.
285
11.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
285
11.1.2
REGIONAL
STRUCTURE
.
285
11.1.3
STRATIGRAPHY
.
287
11.1.4
STRUCTURAL
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.
287
11.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
.
290
11.3
GEOLOGIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
PENGZHOU
GAS
FIELD
.
290
11.3.1
STRUCTURAL
FEATURES
.
290
11.3.2
TRAP
FEATURES
.
292
11.3.3
GAS
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
293
11.4
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
OIL
AND
GAS
INTERVALS
.
293
11.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
PROFILES
.
293
11.4.2
STRATIGRAPHIC
SEQUENCE
AND
FACIES
.
293
11.4.3
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
296
11.4.4
RESERVOIR
FORMATION
MECHANISM
.
301
11.5
MAIN
CONTROL
FACTORS
AND
ENRICHMENT
RULES
OF
THE
ACCUMULATION
.
303
11.5.1
GAS
SOURCE
COMPARISON
OF
THE
LEIKOUPO
GAS
RESERVOIR
IN
THE
SICHUAN
BASIN
.
303
11.5.2
THE
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
OF
THE
LEIKOUPO
FORMATION
IN
PENGZHOU
GAS
FIELD
.
303
REFERENCES
.
305
12
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
307
12.1
LOCATION
.
307
12.2
STRATIGRAPHICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
SINIAN-CAMBRIAN
.
307
12.2.1
DIVISION
AND
COMPARISON
OF
THE
LITHOLOGIC
SECTIONS
OF
THE
DENGYING
FORMATION
.
307
12.2.2
MAIDIPING
FORMATION
.
309
12.2.3
LONGWANGMIAO
FORMATION
.
309
12.3
SINIAN-CAMBRIAN
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
.
309
12.3.1
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
OF
THE
SINIAN
DENGYING
FORMATION
.
312
12.3.2
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
LITHOFACIES
PALEOGEOGRAPHY
OF
THE
CAMBRIAN
LONGWANGMIAO
FORMATION
.
313
12.4
STRUCTURAL
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
AREA
IN
CENTRAL
SICHUAN
.
317
12.4.1
FEATURES
OF
PALEO-UPLIFT
IN
CENTRAL
SICHUAN
.
317
12.4.2
FORMATION
AND
EVOLUTION
OF
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
IN
CENTRAL
SICHUAN
.
318
XII
12.5
DISCOVERY
OF
THE
GIANT
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
323
12.5.1
DISCOVERY
OF
THE
WEIYUAN
GAS
FIELD
(1940-1964)
.
324
12.5.2
DIFFICULT
EXPLORATION
STAGE
(1964-2005)
.
324
12.5.3
RISKY
EXPLORATION
STAGE
(2006-2011)
.
324
12.5.4
OVERALL
EVALUATION
STAGE
(2012
TO
PRESENT)
.
327
12.6
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
AN
*
YUE
GIANT
GAS
FIELD
.
327
12.6.1
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
327
12.6.2
RESERVOIR
TYPE
OF
THE
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
330
12.6.3
GAS
RESERVOIR
FLUID
CHARACTERISTICS
.
332
12.7
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
FORMATION
OF
THE
AN
*
YUE
GAS
FIELD
.
333
12.7.1
RICH
SOURCE
ROCKS
IN
THE
PALEO-RIFT
DEPRESSION
.
334
12.7.2
DEVELOPMENT
OF
HIGH-QUALITY
RESERVOIRS
IN
THE
PALEO-MOUND
AND
-SHOAL
COMPLEX
.
335
12.7.3
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
IS
ADVANTAGEOUS
FOR
HYDROCARBON
MIGRATION
.
336
12.7.4
THE
PALEO-TRAP
IS
BENEFICIAL
TO
THE
EARLY
ACCUMULATION
OF
HYDROCARBONS
.
339
REFERENCES
.
339
13
PROGRESS
AND
THEORY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
341
13.1
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
OUTLINE
.
341
13.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
341
13.1.2
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
341
13.1.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MARINE
FORMATION
.
341
13.2
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
AND
ACHIEVEMENTS
.
346
13.2.1
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
.
346
13.2.2
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
ORDOS
BASIN
.
346
REFERENCES
.
351
14
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.1
OVERVIEW
OF
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
HISTORY
OF
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.2.1
EXPLORATION
HISTORY
OF
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
353
14.2.2
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
355
14.3
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
WEATHERING
CRUST
GAS
RESERVOIRS
IN
THE
JINGBIAN
GAS
FIELD
.
356
14.3.1
STRATUM
DEVELOPMENT
CHARACTERISTICS
.
356
14.3.2
LITHOFACIES
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY
AND
FAVORABLE
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
BELTS
.
358
14.3.3
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
360
14.3.4
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
DEVELOPMENT
.
363
14.3.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
GAS
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
366
REFERENCES
.
371
15
DANIUDI
GAS
FIELD
.
373
15.1
GEOGRAPHIC
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTING
.
373
15.2
EXPLORATION
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
373
15.3
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
374
15.3.1
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
IN
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
374
15.3.2
FLUID
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
375
15.3.3
PRODUCTION
AND
EXPLOITATION
.
375
XIII
15.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
GAS
LAYER
.
376
15.4.1
STRATA
.
376
15.4.2
SEDIMENTARY
FEATURES
.
377
15.4.3
THREE-STAGE
KARST
DEVELOPMENT
MODEL
.
379
15.4.4
PHYSICAL
FEATURES
AND
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
.
383
15.4.5
GEOPHYSICAL
TECHNOLOGY
AND
METHODS
USED
TO
VERIFY
PETROLEUM
FORMATION
.
386
15.4.6
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
GAS
RESERVOIR
ACCUMULATION
.
386
REFERENCES
.
389
16
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
391
16.1
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
SETTINGS
.
391
16.1.1
GEOLOGICAL
LOCATION
.
391
16.1.2
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
OVERVIEW
.
391
16.2
EXPLORATION
HISTORY
OF
THE
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
394
16.2.1
EARLY
EXPLORATION
STAGE
.
394
16.2.2
DISCOVERY
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
395
16.2.3
LARGE-SCALE
EXPLORATION
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
395
16.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
GAS
FIELD
.
396
16.3.1
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
396
16.3.2
TEMPERATURE
AND
PRESSURE
.
396
16.3.3
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
397
16.3.4
RESERVES
AND
PRODUCTION
CHARACTERISTICS
.
397
16.3.5
DEVELOPMENT
CHARACTERISTICS
.
397
16.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
GAS-BEARING
STRATA
IN
THE
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
398
16.4.1
STRATIGRAPHIC
OVERVIEW
.
398
16.4.2
SEDIMENTARY
ENVIRONMENT
.
399
16.4.3
DIAGENESIS
.
399
16.4.4
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
HIGH-QUALITY
RESERVOIR
.
402
16.5
FORMATION
OF
THE
SHENMU
GAS
FIELD
.
403
16.5.1
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
BASIC
GEOLOGICAL
CONDITIONS
DURING
THE
RESERVOIR
FORMATION
.
403
16.6
TECHNOLOGY
FOR
THE
SEISMIC
PREDICTION
OF
THE
RESERVOIR
DISTRIBUTION
OF
FAVORABLE
SANDSTONE
.
406
16.6.1
GEOPHYSICAL
BASIS
OF
THE
SEISMIC
PREDICTION
OF
SANDSTONE
IN
THE
TAIYUAN
FORMATION
.
407
16.6.2
LARGE-SECTION
WAVEFORM
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
FORWARD
GEOLOGICAL
MODEL
OF
THE
WAVE
EQUATION
.
407
16.6.3
SANDSTONE
DISTRIBUTION
PREDICTION
BY
SEISMIC
INVERSION
.
408
16.6.4
SEISMIC
ATTRIBUTION
PREDICTION
OF
THE
SANDBODY
THICKNESS
AND
GAS-BEARING
PREDICTION
TECHNIQUE
.
408
REFERENCES
.
411
17
PROGRESS
AND
THEORY
OF
MARINE
STRATA
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
TARIM
BASIN
.
413
17.1
REGIONAL
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGICAL
OVERVIEW
.
413
17.2
HISTORY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
EXPLORATION
IN
MARINE
STRATA
.
413
17.2.1
BREAKTHROUGH
IN
LARGE
STRUCTURES
(1984-1989)
.
413
17.2.2
EXPLORATION
OF
DEEP
MARINE
CLASTIC
ROCKS
(1990-1996)
.
416
17.2.3
INCREASED
PRODUCTION
AND
RESERVE
IN
ULTRA-DEEP
FRACTURE-CAVITY
MARINE
CARBONATE
(1996
TO
PRESENT)
.
417
XIV
17.3
OIL
AND
GAS
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
FRACTURE-CAVITY
RESERVOIRS
IN
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
.
419
17.3.1
TECTONIC
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
TAZHONG-TABEI
PLATFORM
UPLIFT
.
419
17.3.2
MAIN
LAYERS
AND
SEDIMENTARY
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIRS
.
420
17.3.3
KARST
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
422
17.3.4
REGIONAL
CAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
422
17.3.5
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
QUASI-LAYERED
FRACTURE-CAVITY
RESERVOIRS
IN
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
.
424
17.4
EXPLORATION
ACHIEVEMENTS
AND
EXPLORATION
PROSPECTS
FOR
MARINE
OIL
AND
GAS
.
424
17.4.1
EXPLORATION
ACHIEVEMENTS
FOR
THE
CARBONIFEROUS
DONGHE
SANDSTONE
.
424
17.4.2
GIANT
OIL-GAS
AREA
IN
THE
TAZHONG-TABEI
INTRA-PLATFORM
UPLIFT
.
424
17.4.3
EXPLORATION
PROSPECTS
.
426
REFERENCES
.
427
18
TAHE
OILFIELD
.
429
18.1
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGY
.
429
18.1.1
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
LOCATION
.
429
18.1.2
REGIONAL
GEOLOGY
.
429
18.2
OILFIELD
DISCOVERY
HISTORY
.
430
18.2.1
STAGE
I:
SIGNIFICANT
HYDROCARBON
EXPLORATION
BREAKTHROUGH
(1996-1997)
.
431
18.2.2
STAGE
II:
EXPLORATION
EVALUATION,
RAPIDLY
PROVED
AND
PRODUCTION
INCREMENT
(1998-2005)
.
432
18.2.3
STAGE
III:
PERIPHERAL
EXPANSION,
OVERALL
CONTROL,
AND
SCALE
DEVELOPMENT
OF
THE
TAHE
OILFIELD
(2006-2010)
.
432
18.3
OILFIELD
CHARACTERISTICS
.
432
18.3.1
TRAP
CHARACTERISTICS
.
432
18.3.2
RESERVOIR
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
434
18.3.3
OILFIELD
DEVELOPMENT
STATUS
.
435
18.4
PAY
INTERVAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
436
18.4.1
PAY
INTERVAL
DISTRIBUTION
AND
LITHOLOGY
.
436
18.4.2
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
436
18.4.3
GEOPHYSICAL
PREDICTION
TECHNIQUES
FOR
CARBONATE
OIL-GAS
LAYERS
(RESERVOIRS)
.
444
18.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
446
18.5.1
FORMATION
PERIOD
OF
THE
ORDOVICIAN
CARBONATE
KARST
RESERVOIR
DURING
THE
EARLY
HERCYNIAN
MOVEMENT
.
448
18.5.2
ESTABLISHMENT
AND
LOCAL
DESTRUCTION
OF
THE
CLOSED
RESERVOIR
FORMATION
SYSTEM
AT
THE
END
OF
THE
LATE
HERCYNIAN
MOVEMENT
.
448
18.5.3
RECONSTRUCTION
OF
THE
INDOSINIAN-EARLY
HIMALAYAN
REGIONAL
CLOSED
SYSTEM
.
448
18.5.4
REGIONAL
CLOSED
SYSTEM
AND
ORDOVICIAN
RESERVOIR
COMPLETION
OF
THE
TAHE
OILFIELD
IN
THE
LATE
HIMALAYAN
.
449
REFERENCES
.
450
XV
19
TAZHONG
I
CONDENSATE
GAS
FIELD
.
451
19.1
REGIONAL
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGY
.
451
19.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
HISTORY
.
451
19.2.1
2D
SEISMIC
EXPLORATION
PROVED
8220
KM
2
GIANT
BURIED
HILL
IN
THE
DESERT
AREA
AND
REALIZING
THE
STRATEGIC
BREAKTHROUGH
OF
CARBONATE
ROCKS
IN
THE
TAZHONG
AREA
.
451
19.2.2
LOCAL
STRUCTURE
EXPLORATION:
MULTIPLE
OIL
SHOWS
WERE
FOUND
WITHIN
THE
200
KM
EAST-WEST
RANGE
OF
THE
NORTHERN
TAZHONG
SLOPE
.
454
19.2.3
BASED
ON
THE
IDEAS
OF
THE
LUNNAN
KARST
EXPLORATION
AND
DEEPEN
THE
UNDERSTANDING
OF
THE
REEF
BEACH
BODY
AND
INTERLAYER
KARST
.
454
19.3
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
GAS
CONDENSATE
FIELDS
.
456
19.3.1
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
456
19.3.2
ORDOVICIAN
STRATA
DISTRIBUTION
AND
SEDIMENTARY
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
460
19.3.3
DIAGENESIS
TYPES
.
462
19.3.4
TECTONIC
EVOLUTION
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
PALEO-UPLIFT
.
462
19.4
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
ENLIGHTENMENT
.
466
19.4.1
BREAKTHROUGH
IN
THE
UNDERSTANDING
OF
QUASI-STRATIFIED
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIRS,
GUIDING
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
LARGE
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
466
19.4.2
REEF-SHOAL
KARST
AND
INTERLAYER
KARST
FISSURE
CAVITIES
ARE
PRIMARY
DRILLING
TARGETS
.
466
19.4.3
IMPROVING
THE
QUALITY
OF
3D
SEISMIC
DATA
IS
THE
ETERNAL
THEME
OF
FRACTURE-CAVITY
MARINE
CARBONATE
ROCKS
.
467
19.4.4
THE
FINE
DESCRIPTION
AND
TARGET
TECHNIQUE
FOR
THE
FRACTURE-CAVITY
ARE
THE
KEYS
TO
IMPROVE
THE
DRILLING
SUCCESS
RATE
.
467
19.4.5
PERSEVERANCE
AND
INDOMITABLE
SPIRIT
ARE
THE
KEYS
TO
THE
SUCCESS
OF
LARGE
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
468
REFERENCES
.
468
20
HADEXUN
OILFIELD
.
469
20.1
REGIONAL
GEOGRAPHIC
LOCATION
AND
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
469
20.2
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
HISTORY
.
469
20.2.1
DRILLING
THE
LOW-RELIEF
ANTICLINE
AND
DISCOVERING
A
THIN
SANDSTONE
RESERVOIR
IN
THE
MIDDLE
MUDSTONE
MEMBER
.
469
20.2.2
DRILLING
STRATIGRAPHIC
TRAPS
TO
ACHIEVE
A
BREAKTHROUGH
IN
THE
DONGHE
SANDSTONE
.
469
20.2.3
INTEGRATION
OF
PROGRESSIVE
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
MASSIVELY
IMPROVING
RESERVES
AND
PRODUCTION
.
470
20.2.4
OPTIMIZATION
AND
ADJUSTMENT
OF
DEVELOPMENT
TO
MAINTAIN
THE
STABLE
PRODUCTION
IN
THE
MILLION-TON
OILFIELD
.
470
20.3
RESERVOIR
GEOLOGIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
471
20.3.1
SEQUENCE
STRATIGRAPHIC
CHARACTERISTICS
.
471
20.3.2
SEDIMENTARY
FACIES
CHARACTERISTICS
.
474
20.3.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
SANDSTONE
RESERVOIRS
.
477
20.3.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
TRAP
(STRUCTURE)
.
480
20.4
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
482
20.4.1
FLUID
PROPERTIES
.
482
20.4.2
RESERVOIR
TYPES
.
482
20.4.3
ACCUMULATION
PERIOD
AND
MAIN
CONTROLLING
FACTORS
.
483
XVI
20.5
ENLIGHTENMENT
OF
THE
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
.
485
20.5.1
PROGRESSIVE
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
IS
THE
GUARANTEE
FOR
THE
SUCCESSFUL
EXPLORATION
AND
DEVELOPMENT
OF
ULTRA-DEEP
AND
COMPLEX
RESERVOIRS
.
485
20.5.2
DEEP
AND
THIN
MARINE
CLASTIC
ROCK
RESERVOIR
HAS
BEEN
DEVELOPED
EFFICIENTLY
BY
HORIZONTAL
WELL
TECHNOLOGY
.
487
REFERENCES
.
487
21
BOHAI
BAY
BASIN
.
489
21.1
PROGRESS
OF
THE
PETROLEUM
EXPLORATION
IN
THE
BOHAI
BAY
BASIN
.
489
21.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
CONDITIONS
.
489
21.1.2
OIL
AND
GAS
DISCOVERY
PROCESS
AND
EXPLORATION
RESULTS
.
494
21.2
RENQIU
OILFIELD
(BURIED
HILLS
OF
THE
WUMISHAN
FORMATION
IN
THE
JIXIAN
SYSTEM)
.
497
21.2.1
OILFIELD
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
497
21.2.2
HISTORY
OF
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
499
21.2.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
500
21.2.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
RESERVOIRS
.
504
21.2.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
PROCESS
.
506
21.3
NIUDONG
GAS
FIELD
.
508
21.3.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
508
21.3.2
HISTORY
OF
THE
DISCOVERY
OF
OIL
AND
GAS
FIELDS
.
510
21.3.3
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
NIUDONG
BURIED
HILL
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIR
.
511
21.3.4
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
MAIN
OIL
AND
GAS
RESERVOIRS
.
512
21.3.5
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
HYDROCARBON
ACCUMULATION
.
514
REFERENCES
.
515
22
RESOURCE
POTENTIAL
AND
EXPLORATION
PROGRESS
OF
SHALE
GAS
IN
MARINE
STRATA
IN
CHINA
.
517
22.1
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
MARINE
SHALE
IN
CHINA
.
517
22.1.1
LOWER
CAMBRIAN
.
518
22.1.2
UPPER
ORDOVICIAN-LOWER
SILURIAN
.
522
22.2
RESOURCE
CONDITION
OF
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
527
22.3
EXPLORATION
AND
EXPLOITATION
STATUS
OF
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
528
22.4
EVALUATION
METHOD
FOR
THE
SELECTED
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
AREA
AND
FAVORABLE
AREAS
IN
CHINA
.
529
22.4.1
EVALUATION
OF
THE
SELECTED
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
AREA
.
529
22.4.2
DISTRIBUTION
OF
FAVORABLE
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
532
22.5
EXPLORATION
PROSPECTS
OF
MARINE
SHALE
GAS
IN
CHINA
.
533
22.5.1
EXPLORATION
DEVELOPMENT
AREA
.
533
22.5.2
EXPLORATION
BREAKTHROUGH
AND
PREPARATION
AREA
.
535
REFERENCES
.
535
23
PULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
537
23.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
AND
REGIONAL
GEOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND
.
537
23.1.1
GEOGRAPHICAL
LOCATION
.
537
23.1.2
REGIONAL
STRUCTURE
.
537
23.1.3
TECTONIC-SEDIMENTARY
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.
537
23.1.4
REGIONAL
STRATIGRAPHY
.
541
23.2
EXPLORATION
HISTORY
OF
THE
FULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
541
23.3
BASIC
GEOLOGICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
THE
FULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
545
23.3.1
STRUCTURAL
FEATURES
.
545
23.3.2
ORGANIC
GEOCHEMICAL
CHARACTERISTICS
.
545
XVII
23.3.3
RESERVOIR
CHARACTERISTICS
.
549
23.3.4
SHALE
MINERAL
COMPOSITION
.
555
23.4
ANALYSIS
OF
THE
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
ENRICHMENT
AND
HIGH
PRODUCTION
IN
THE
PULING
SHALE
GAS
FIELD
.
559
23.4.1
MAIN
FACTORS
AFFECTING
THE
SHALE
GAS
ENRICHMENT
.
559
23.4.2
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
HIGH
PRODUCTION
SHALE
GAS
.
563
23.4.3
MAIN
FACTORS
CONTROLLING
THE
ACCUMULATION
AND
PRODUCTIVITY
OF
SHALE
GAS
.
569
REFERENCES
.
569 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Ma, Yongsheng |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1217857532 |
| author_facet | Ma, Yongsheng |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Ma, Yongsheng |
| author_variant | y m ym |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046932135 |
| classification_rvk | TZ 7500 TP 6860 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1155917499 (DE-599)DNB1203315295 |
| discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie |
| discipline_str_mv | Geologie / Paläontologie |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Tarimbecken (DE-588)4059071-9 gnd Sichuan (DE-588)4058820-8 gnd China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd Ordos-Becken (DE-588)4564442-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Tarimbecken Sichuan China Ordos-Becken |
| id | DE-604.BV046932135 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T15:34:53Z |
| indexdate | 2024-12-09T13:05:35Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)1065168780 |
| isbn | 9783662611456 3662611457 9787116119673 9783662611470 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032341048 |
| oclc_num | 1155917499 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-83 |
| owner_facet | DE-83 |
| physical | xxii, 570 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 27.9 cm x 21 cm |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Ma, Yongsheng Verfasser (DE-588)1217857532 aut Marine oil and gas exploration in China Yongsheng Ma Berlin ; [Heidelberg] Springer [2020] xxii, 570 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten 27.9 cm x 21 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Sedimentationsbecken (DE-588)4180610-4 gnd rswk-swf Erdgasfeld (DE-588)4414221-3 gnd rswk-swf Vorkommen (DE-588)4188678-1 gnd rswk-swf Erdgaslagerstätte (DE-588)4152663-6 gnd rswk-swf Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 gnd rswk-swf Becken Geologie (DE-588)4144249-0 gnd rswk-swf Erdgasgeologie (DE-588)4359501-7 gnd rswk-swf Ölfeld (DE-588)4172422-7 gnd rswk-swf Lagerstättenkunde (DE-588)4140085-9 gnd rswk-swf Speichergestein (DE-588)4196332-5 gnd rswk-swf Erdölgeologie (DE-588)4152692-2 gnd rswk-swf Methanlagerstätte (DE-588)4226997-0 gnd rswk-swf Schiefergas (DE-588)7751971-1 gnd rswk-swf Tarimbecken (DE-588)4059071-9 gnd rswk-swf Sichuan (DE-588)4058820-8 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf Ordos-Becken (DE-588)4564442-1 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Sichuan (DE-588)4058820-8 g Becken Geologie (DE-588)4144249-0 s Sedimentationsbecken (DE-588)4180610-4 s Speichergestein (DE-588)4196332-5 s Schiefergas (DE-588)7751971-1 s DE-604 Ordos-Becken (DE-588)4564442-1 g Tarimbecken (DE-588)4059071-9 g Methanlagerstätte (DE-588)4226997-0 s Erdgasgeologie (DE-588)4359501-7 s Erdölgeologie (DE-588)4152692-2 s (DE-627) Vorkommen (DE-588)4188678-1 s Erdgaslagerstätte (DE-588)4152663-6 s Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 s Erdgasfeld (DE-588)4414221-3 s Ölfeld (DE-588)4172422-7 s Lagerstättenkunde (DE-588)4140085-9 s Springer-Verlag GmbH (DE-588)1065168780 pbl 9783662611470 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 9783662611470 X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=dd74cfb3204a400a8ec19e8b8cf7fdc1&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm 2020-01-29 Verlag Inhaltstext X:MVB http://www.springer.com 2020-01-29 Verlag Unbekannt DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032341048&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ma, Yongsheng Marine oil and gas exploration in China Sedimentationsbecken (DE-588)4180610-4 gnd Erdgasfeld (DE-588)4414221-3 gnd Vorkommen (DE-588)4188678-1 gnd Erdgaslagerstätte (DE-588)4152663-6 gnd Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 gnd Becken Geologie (DE-588)4144249-0 gnd Erdgasgeologie (DE-588)4359501-7 gnd Ölfeld (DE-588)4172422-7 gnd Lagerstättenkunde (DE-588)4140085-9 gnd Speichergestein (DE-588)4196332-5 gnd Erdölgeologie (DE-588)4152692-2 gnd Methanlagerstätte (DE-588)4226997-0 gnd Schiefergas (DE-588)7751971-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4180610-4 (DE-588)4414221-3 (DE-588)4188678-1 (DE-588)4152663-6 (DE-588)4125182-9 (DE-588)4144249-0 (DE-588)4359501-7 (DE-588)4172422-7 (DE-588)4140085-9 (DE-588)4196332-5 (DE-588)4152692-2 (DE-588)4226997-0 (DE-588)7751971-1 (DE-588)4059071-9 (DE-588)4058820-8 (DE-588)4009937-4 (DE-588)4564442-1 |
| title | Marine oil and gas exploration in China |
| title_auth | Marine oil and gas exploration in China |
| title_exact_search | Marine oil and gas exploration in China |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Marine oil and gas exploration in China |
| title_full | Marine oil and gas exploration in China Yongsheng Ma |
| title_fullStr | Marine oil and gas exploration in China Yongsheng Ma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine oil and gas exploration in China Yongsheng Ma |
| title_short | Marine oil and gas exploration in China |
| title_sort | marine oil and gas exploration in china |
| topic | Sedimentationsbecken (DE-588)4180610-4 gnd Erdgasfeld (DE-588)4414221-3 gnd Vorkommen (DE-588)4188678-1 gnd Erdgaslagerstätte (DE-588)4152663-6 gnd Erdöllagerstätte (DE-588)4125182-9 gnd Becken Geologie (DE-588)4144249-0 gnd Erdgasgeologie (DE-588)4359501-7 gnd Ölfeld (DE-588)4172422-7 gnd Lagerstättenkunde (DE-588)4140085-9 gnd Speichergestein (DE-588)4196332-5 gnd Erdölgeologie (DE-588)4152692-2 gnd Methanlagerstätte (DE-588)4226997-0 gnd Schiefergas (DE-588)7751971-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sedimentationsbecken Erdgasfeld Vorkommen Erdgaslagerstätte Erdöllagerstätte Becken Geologie Erdgasgeologie Ölfeld Lagerstättenkunde Speichergestein Erdölgeologie Methanlagerstätte Schiefergas Tarimbecken Sichuan China Ordos-Becken |
| url | http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=dd74cfb3204a400a8ec19e8b8cf7fdc1&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm http://www.springer.com http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032341048&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mayongsheng marineoilandgasexplorationinchina AT springerverlaggmbh marineoilandgasexplorationinchina |