Languages of the world: an introduction
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
2021
|
| Ausgabe: | Third edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Previous edition: 2017 Literaturverzeichnis Seite 447-470 |
| Beschreibung: | xix, 482 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme, Karte |
| ISBN: | 9781108748124 9781108479325 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents List of Figures List of Tables рзде x xi List of Textboxes List of Focus on Topics Preface to the Third Edition Acknowledgments Abbreviations Used in the Glosses xiii xiv xv xvii xviii 1 1 Introduction 5 10 14 22 26 28 32 37 1.1 Languages, Dialects, and Accents 1.2 Language Families 1.3 How Language Families Are Established: Comparative Reconstruction 1.4 Linguistic Diversity 1.5 How Do Languages Diversify? 1.6 Field Linguistics 1.7 Focus on: Language Maps Do It Yourself 43 2 Languages of Europe 2.1 The Indo-European Language Family 2.2 The Indo-European Controversy 2.3 Non-lndo-European Languages of Europe 2.4 Focus on: Endangered Languagesof Europe Do It Yourself 45 55 60 65 71 3 Languages of Iran and South Asia 75 3.1 Indo-European Languages of Iranand South Asia 3.1.1 Iranian Languages 3.1.2 Indo-Aryan Languages 3.2 Dravidian Languages 3.3 Other Languages of South Asia 3.4 Focus on: Universals and the Parametric Theory of Language Do It Yourself 4 Languages of Northern Eurasia 4.1 Finno-Ugric Languages 4.2 Other Uralic Languages 4.3 Turkic Languages 4.4 Other Languages of Siberia 4.5 Focus on: Evidential Markers Do It Yourself ’ 76 78 81 87 91 95 103 108 110 119 122 128 136 140
viii Contents 5 Languages of the Caucasus 5.1 Northwest Caucasian Languages 5.2 Northeast Caucasian Languages 5.3 Kartvelian Languages 5.4 Indo-European Languages in the Caucasus 5.5 Focus on: Head-Marking vs. Dependent-Marking Do It Yourself 6 Languages of the Greater Middle East 6.1 Afroasiatic Languages 6.2 Semitic Languages 6.3 Berber Languages 6.4 Focus on: Language Contact Do It Yourself • •i 7 Languages of Sub-Saharan Africa 7.1 Nilo-Saharan Languages 7.2 Niger-Congo Languages 7.3 Khoisan Languages 7.4 Focus on: Official Languages, Trade Languages, and Creole Languages in Sub-Saharan Africa Do It Yourself 8 Languages of Eastern Asia 8.1 Sino-Tibetan Languages 8.2 Austro-Asiatic Languages 8.3 Tai-Kadai Languages 8.4 Japanese and Korean 8.5 Focus on: Isolating Morphology and Language Change֊ Do It Yourself 9 Languages of the South Sea Islands Discovery of the Austronesian Family and the Austronesian Homeland 9.2 Today s Austronesian Languages and the Internal Classification of the Family 9.3 Linguistic Properties of Austronesian Languages 9.4 Focus on: The Mystery of Malagasy Do It Yourself 146 152 157 163 168 172 176 181 183 190 203 206 213 216 219 224 234 240 245 249 251 261 265 270 275 280 287 9.1 292 295 301 311 319
Contents 10 Aboriginal Languages of New Guinea and Australia Languages of New Guinea 10.1.1 Overview of Papuan Languages 10.1.2 Areal Papuan Features 10.1.3 Tok Pisin 10.2 Languages of Australia 10.3 Focus on: Is There Such a Thingas a Primitive Language? Do It Yourself 10.1 11 Native Languages of the Americas 11.1 Languages of North America 11.2 Languages of Meso-America 11.3 Languages of South America 11.4 Focus on: The Pirahã Controversy Do It Yourself 12 Remaining Issues: Macro Families, Sign Languages, and Constructed Languages 324 328 329 331 336 339 347 355 359 362 381 386 394 400 406 12.1 Macro Families 12.1.1 The Dene-Yeniseian Hypothesis 12.1.2 Altaic and Ural-Altaic Macro Families 12.1.3 The Nostratic and Eurasiatic Hypotheses 12.1.4 Other Hypothesized Macro Families 12.2 Sign Languages 12.3 Constructed Languages Do It Yourself 406 408 409 414 421 425 434 441 Glossary Bibliography Index of Languages Index of Terms 443 449 471 481 ¡X
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Contents List of Figures List of Tables рзде x xi List of Textboxes List of "Focus on" Topics Preface to the Third Edition Acknowledgments Abbreviations Used in the Glosses xiii xiv xv xvii xviii 1 1 Introduction 5 10 14 22 26 28 32 37 1.1 Languages, Dialects, and Accents 1.2 Language Families 1.3 How Language Families Are Established: Comparative Reconstruction 1.4 Linguistic Diversity 1.5 How Do Languages Diversify? 1.6 Field Linguistics 1.7 Focus on: Language Maps Do It Yourself 43 2 Languages of Europe 2.1 The Indo-European Language Family 2.2 The Indo-European Controversy 2.3 Non-lndo-European Languages of Europe 2.4 Focus on: Endangered Languagesof Europe Do It Yourself 45 55 60 65 71 3 Languages of Iran and South Asia 75 3.1 Indo-European Languages of Iranand South Asia 3.1.1 Iranian Languages 3.1.2 Indo-Aryan Languages 3.2 Dravidian Languages 3.3 Other Languages of South Asia 3.4 Focus on: Universals and the Parametric Theory of Language Do It Yourself 4 Languages of Northern Eurasia 4.1 Finno-Ugric Languages 4.2 Other Uralic Languages 4.3 Turkic Languages 4.4 Other Languages of Siberia 4.5 Focus on: Evidential Markers Do It Yourself ’ 76 78 81 87 91 95 103 108 110 119 122 128 136 140
viii Contents 5 Languages of the Caucasus 5.1 Northwest Caucasian Languages 5.2 Northeast Caucasian Languages 5.3 Kartvelian Languages 5.4 Indo-European Languages in the Caucasus 5.5 Focus on: Head-Marking vs. Dependent-Marking Do It Yourself 6 Languages of the Greater Middle East 6.1 Afroasiatic Languages 6.2 Semitic Languages 6.3 Berber Languages 6.4 Focus on: Language Contact Do It Yourself •'•i 7 Languages of Sub-Saharan Africa 7.1 Nilo-Saharan Languages 7.2 Niger-Congo Languages 7.3 Khoisan Languages 7.4 Focus on: Official Languages, Trade Languages, and Creole Languages in Sub-Saharan Africa Do It Yourself 8 Languages of Eastern Asia 8.1 Sino-Tibetan Languages 8.2 Austro-Asiatic Languages 8.3 Tai-Kadai Languages 8.4 Japanese and Korean 8.5 Focus on: Isolating Morphology and Language Change֊ Do It Yourself 9 Languages of the South Sea Islands Discovery of the Austronesian Family and the Austronesian Homeland 9.2 Today's Austronesian Languages and the Internal Classification of the Family 9.3 Linguistic Properties of Austronesian Languages 9.4 Focus on: The Mystery of Malagasy Do It Yourself 146 152 157 163 168 172 176 181 183 190 203 206 213 216 219 224 234 240 245 249 251 261 265 270 275 280 287 9.1 292 295 301 311 319
Contents 10 Aboriginal Languages of New Guinea and Australia Languages of New Guinea 10.1.1 Overview of Papuan Languages 10.1.2 Areal Papuan Features 10.1.3 Tok Pisin 10.2 Languages of Australia 10.3 Focus on: Is There Such a Thingas a Primitive Language? Do It Yourself 10.1 11 Native Languages of the Americas 11.1 Languages of North America 11.2 Languages of Meso-America 11.3 Languages of South America 11.4 Focus on: The Pirahã Controversy Do It Yourself 12 Remaining Issues: Macro Families, Sign Languages, and Constructed Languages 324 328 329 331 336 339 347 355 359 362 381 386 394 400 406 12.1 Macro Families 12.1.1 The Dene-Yeniseian Hypothesis 12.1.2 Altaic and Ural-Altaic Macro Families 12.1.3 The Nostratic and Eurasiatic Hypotheses 12.1.4 Other Hypothesized Macro Families 12.2 Sign Languages 12.3 Constructed Languages Do It Yourself 406 408 409 414 421 425 434 441 Glossary Bibliography Index of Languages Index of Terms 443 449 471 481 ¡X |
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