Heritage languages and their speakers:
This book provides a pioneering introduction to heritage languages and their speakers, written by one of the founders of this new field. Using examples from a wide range of languages, it covers all the main components of grammar, including phonetics and phonology, morphology and morphosyntax, semant...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, United Kingdom
Cambridge University Press
2020
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| Ausgabe: | First paperback edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | Cambridge studies in linguistics
159 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | This book provides a pioneering introduction to heritage languages and their speakers, written by one of the founders of this new field. Using examples from a wide range of languages, it covers all the main components of grammar, including phonetics and phonology, morphology and morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics, and shows easy familiarity with approaches ranging from formal grammar to typology, from sociolinguistics to child language acquisition and other relevant aspects of psycholinguistics. The book offers analysis of resilient and vulnerable domains in heritage languages, with a special emphasis on recurrent structural properties that occur across multiple heritage languages. It is explicit about instances where, based on our current knowledge, we are unable to reach a clear decision on a particular claim or analytical point, and therefore provides a much-needed resource for future research |
| Beschreibung: | xxii, 410 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781107642966 |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Cambridge studies in linguistics |v 159 | |
| 520 | 3 | |a This book provides a pioneering introduction to heritage languages and their speakers, written by one of the founders of this new field. Using examples from a wide range of languages, it covers all the main components of grammar, including phonetics and phonology, morphology and morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics, and shows easy familiarity with approaches ranging from formal grammar to typology, from sociolinguistics to child language acquisition and other relevant aspects of psycholinguistics. The book offers analysis of resilient and vulnerable domains in heritage languages, with a special emphasis on recurrent structural properties that occur across multiple heritage languages. It is explicit about instances where, based on our current knowledge, we are unable to reach a clear decision on a particular claim or analytical point, and therefore provides a much-needed resource for future research | |
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| 653 | 0 | |a Language and culture | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Linguistic minorities | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804181605414076416 |
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| adam_text | Contents Preface Page xiii Acknowledgments xix List ofAbbreviations xxi 1 Who Are These Speakers, Where Do They Come From, and How Did They Get to Be the Way They Are? 1.1 1.2 Setting the Stage The Main Players 1.2.1 Heritage Language Speakers 1.2.2 Baseline Speakers 1.2.3 Homeland Speakers Main Outcomes in Heritage Grammars 1.3.1 Transfer from the Dominant Language 1.3.2 Attrition 1.3.3 Divergent Attainment Main Sources of Divergence in Heritage Grammars 1.4.1 Amount and Type of Input 1.4.2 Incipient Changes in the Input 1.4.3 Resource Constraints 1.4.4 Universal Principles of Language Structure 1 9 9 10 13 17 18 22 24 28 29 33 35 36 2 Heritage Engiish 38 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prologue Heritage English: Historical Records Heritage English: Current Production Data 2.3.1 Some Statistics 2.3.2 Changes in Morphology 2.3.3 Fillers 2.3.4 Verb-Particle Combinations 2.3.5 Relative Clauses 2.3.6 What They Get Right 38 43 46 47 49 50 52 58 60 1.3 1.4 1 ix
Contents x 2.4 2.5 Linguistic Properties of Heritage English: Comprehension Data 2.4.1 Processing Limitations 2.4.2 Beyond Processing Limitations Summary 65 66 69 73 3 How to Study Heritage Speakers: Observations on Methodologies and Approaches 3.1 3.2 General Remarks Methodological Considerations Specific to Heritage Populations 3.2.1 Choice of Production Tasks 3.2.2 The Production-Comprehension Divide 3.2.3 Use of Grammaticality Judgment Tasks Assessment Methodologies 3.3.1 Biographic and Demographic Questionnaires 3.3.2 Linguistic Assessment of Heritage Speakers 76 76 78 78 86 95 101 102 105 4 Phonetics and Phonology 114 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 “Heritage Accent” Production in the Heritage Language: Segments Production in the Dominant Language: Segments Production: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Perception: Segmental Phonology Perception: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Summary 116 123 138 147 153 158 162 3.3 5 Morphology and Morphosyntax 164 5.1 The Fate of Paradigms 5.1.1 Salience 5.1.2 Overregularization and Overmarking 5.1.3 Increased Analyticity Structural Indeterminacy and Ambiguity 5.2.1 Production Data 5.2.2 Restructuring of Featural Oppositions Morphology Encoding Relationships betweenTwo Constituents 5.3.1 Case Marking 5.3.2 Agreement 5.3.3 What About Isolating Languages? Summary 165 165 173 183 184 184 187 197 197 204 215 219 5.2 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Syntax Some Things Never Change? Parts of Speech A-Dependencies 6.2.1 Unaccusativity 6.2.2 Other A-Dependencies Beyond А-Dependency: Other Valency Alternations 222 223 230 230 236 238
Contents 6.4 xi A-Bar Dependencies 6.4.1 Relative Clauses: Production 6.4.2 Relative Clauses: Comprehension 6.4.3 Other A-Bar Dependencies The Silent Problem 6.5.1 Referential Pronouns: General Remarks 6.5.2 Referential Pronouns: An Example 6.5.3 Bound Variables 6.5.4 Ellipsis Binding Word Order 6.7.1 General Considerations 6.7.2 Ignore Morphology, Alter Your WordOrder 6.7.3 Discontinuous Relationships betweenElements of Structure 6.7.4 Germanic Languages in Contact: Changes in V2 Transfer Effects? Summary 277 281 286 288 7 Semantics and Pragmatics 291 7.1 7.2 Lexical Systems and Word Meaning Propositional Semantics 7.2.1 Genericity, Specificity, Definiteness 7.2.2 Scope Information Structure and Pragmatics 7.3.1 Topic 7.3.2 Focus Social Pragmatics Summary 292 298 298 304 310 310 316 323 327 8 Heritage Languages and Their Speakers in Unexpected Places 329 8.1 8.2 Preliminary Remarks Heritage Speakers among Endangered Language Speakers? 8.2.1 Biographical Data 8.2.2 Structural Signs of Endangerment 8.2.3 Variation in Judgments Coping Strategies 329 333 333 334 345 346 Conclusions 349 References General Index Language Index 354 405 408 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.3 241 241 244 248 253 253 260 261 263 270 273 273 275
Contents Preface Page xiii Acknowledgments xix List ofAbbreviations xxi 1 Who Are These Speakers, Where Do They Come From, and How Did They Get to Be the Way They Are? 1.1 1.2 Setting the Stage The Main Players 1.2.1 Heritage Language Speakers 1.2.2 Baseline Speakers 1.2.3 Homeland Speakers Main Outcomes in Heritage Grammars 1.3.1 Transfer from the Dominant Language 1.3.2 Attrition 1.3.3 Divergent Attainment Main Sources of Divergence in Heritage Grammars 1.4.1 Amount and Type of Input 1.4.2 Incipient Changes in the Input 1.4.3 Resource Constraints 1.4.4 Universal Principles of Language Structure 1 9 9 10 13 17 18 22 24 28 29 33 35 36 2 Heritage Engiish 38 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prologue Heritage English: Historical Records Heritage English: Current Production Data 2.3.1 Some Statistics 2.3.2 Changes in Morphology 2.3.3 Fillers 2.3.4 Verb-Particle Combinations 2.3.5 Relative Clauses 2.3.6 What They Get Right 38 43 46 47 49 50 52 58 60 1.3 1.4 1 ix
Contents x 2.4 2.5 Linguistic Properties of Heritage English: Comprehension Data 2.4.1 Processing Limitations 2.4.2 Beyond Processing Limitations Summary 65 66 69 73 3 How to Study Heritage Speakers: Observations on Methodologies and Approaches 3.1 3.2 General Remarks Methodological Considerations Specific to Heritage Populations 3.2.1 Choice of Production Tasks 3.2.2 The Production-Comprehension Divide 3.2.3 Use of Grammaticality Judgment Tasks Assessment Methodologies 3.3.1 Biographic and Demographic Questionnaires 3.3.2 Linguistic Assessment of Heritage Speakers 76 76 78 78 86 95 101 102 105 4 Phonetics and Phonology 114 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 “Heritage Accent” Production in the Heritage Language: Segments Production in the Dominant Language: Segments Production: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Perception: Segmental Phonology Perception: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Summary 116 123 138 147 153 158 162 3.3 5 Morphology and Morphosyntax 164 5.1 The Fate of Paradigms 5.1.1 Salience 5.1.2 Overregularization and Overmarking 5.1.3 Increased Analyticity Structural Indeterminacy and Ambiguity 5.2.1 Production Data 5.2.2 Restructuring of Featural Oppositions Morphology Encoding Relationships betweenTwo Constituents 5.3.1 Case Marking 5.3.2 Agreement 5.3.3 What About Isolating Languages? Summary 165 165 173 183 184 184 187 197 197 204 215 219 5.2 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Syntax Some Things Never Change? Parts of Speech A-Dependencies 6.2.1 Unaccusativity 6.2.2 Other A-Dependencies Beyond А-Dependency: Other Valency Alternations 222 223 230 230 236 238
Contents 6.4 xi A-Bar Dependencies 6.4.1 Relative Clauses: Production 6.4.2 Relative Clauses: Comprehension 6.4.3 Other A-Bar Dependencies The Silent Problem 6.5.1 Referential Pronouns: General Remarks 6.5.2 Referential Pronouns: An Example 6.5.3 Bound Variables 6.5.4 Ellipsis Binding Word Order 6.7.1 General Considerations 6.7.2 Ignore Morphology, Alter Your WordOrder 6.7.3 Discontinuous Relationships betweenElements of Structure 6.7.4 Germanic Languages in Contact: Changes in V2 Transfer Effects? Summary 277 281 286 288 7 Semantics and Pragmatics 291 7.1 7.2 Lexical Systems and Word Meaning Propositional Semantics 7.2.1 Genericity, Specificity, Definiteness 7.2.2 Scope Information Structure and Pragmatics 7.3.1 Topic 7.3.2 Focus Social Pragmatics Summary 292 298 298 304 310 310 316 323 327 8 Heritage Languages and Their Speakers in Unexpected Places 329 8.1 8.2 Preliminary Remarks Heritage Speakers among Endangered Language Speakers? 8.2.1 Biographical Data 8.2.2 Structural Signs of Endangerment 8.2.3 Variation in Judgments Coping Strategies 329 333 333 334 345 346 Conclusions 349 References General Index Language Index 354 405 408 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.3 241 241 244 248 253 253 260 261 263 270 273 273 275
Contents Preface Page xiii Acknowledgments xix List ofAbbreviations xxi 1 Who Are These Speakers, Where Do They Come From, and How Did They Get to Be the Way They Are? 1.1 1.2 Setting the Stage The Main Players 1.2.1 Heritage Language Speakers 1.2.2 Baseline Speakers 1.2.3 Homeland Speakers Main Outcomes in Heritage Grammars 1.3.1 Transfer from the Dominant Language 1.3.2 Attrition 1.3.3 Divergent Attainment Main Sources of Divergence in Heritage Grammars 1.4.1 Amount and Type of Input 1.4.2 Incipient Changes in the Input 1.4.3 Resource Constraints 1.4.4 Universal Principles of Language Structure 1 9 9 10 13 17 18 22 24 28 29 33 35 36 2 Heritage Engiish 38 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prologue Heritage English: Historical Records Heritage English: Current Production Data 2.3.1 Some Statistics 2.3.2 Changes in Morphology 2.3.3 Fillers 2.3.4 Verb-Particle Combinations 2.3.5 Relative Clauses 2.3.6 What They Get Right 38 43 46 47 49 50 52 58 60 1.3 1.4 1 ix
Contents x 2.4 2.5 Linguistic Properties of Heritage English: Comprehension Data 2.4.1 Processing Limitations 2.4.2 Beyond Processing Limitations Summary 65 66 69 73 3 How to Study Heritage Speakers: Observations on Methodologies and Approaches 3.1 3.2 General Remarks Methodological Considerations Specific to Heritage Populations 3.2.1 Choice of Production Tasks 3.2.2 The Production-Comprehension Divide 3.2.3 Use of Grammaticality Judgment Tasks Assessment Methodologies 3.3.1 Biographic and Demographic Questionnaires 3.3.2 Linguistic Assessment of Heritage Speakers 76 76 78 78 86 95 101 102 105 4 Phonetics and Phonology 114 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 “Heritage Accent” Production in the Heritage Language: Segments Production in the Dominant Language: Segments Production: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Perception: Segmental Phonology Perception: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Summary 116 123 138 147 153 158 162 3.3 5 Morphology and Morphosyntax 164 5.1 The Fate of Paradigms 5.1.1 Salience 5.1.2 Overregularization and Overmarking 5.1.3 Increased Analyticity Structural Indeterminacy and Ambiguity 5.2.1 Production Data 5.2.2 Restructuring of Featural Oppositions Morphology Encoding Relationships betweenTwo Constituents 5.3.1 Case Marking 5.3.2 Agreement 5.3.3 What About Isolating Languages? Summary 165 165 173 183 184 184 187 197 197 204 215 219 5.2 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Syntax Some Things Never Change? Parts of Speech A-Dependencies 6.2.1 Unaccusativity 6.2.2 Other A-Dependencies Beyond А-Dependency: Other Valency Alternations 222 223 230 230 236 238
Contents 6.4 xi A-Bar Dependencies 6.4.1 Relative Clauses: Production 6.4.2 Relative Clauses: Comprehension 6.4.3 Other A-Bar Dependencies The Silent Problem 6.5.1 Referential Pronouns: General Remarks 6.5.2 Referential Pronouns: An Example 6.5.3 Bound Variables 6.5.4 Ellipsis Binding Word Order 6.7.1 General Considerations 6.7.2 Ignore Morphology, Alter Your WordOrder 6.7.3 Discontinuous Relationships betweenElements of Structure 6.7.4 Germanic Languages in Contact: Changes in V2 Transfer Effects? Summary 277 281 286 288 7 Semantics and Pragmatics 291 7.1 7.2 Lexical Systems and Word Meaning Propositional Semantics 7.2.1 Genericity, Specificity, Definiteness 7.2.2 Scope Information Structure and Pragmatics 7.3.1 Topic 7.3.2 Focus Social Pragmatics Summary 292 298 298 304 310 310 316 323 327 8 Heritage Languages and Their Speakers in Unexpected Places 329 8.1 8.2 Preliminary Remarks Heritage Speakers among Endangered Language Speakers? 8.2.1 Biographical Data 8.2.2 Structural Signs of Endangerment 8.2.3 Variation in Judgments Coping Strategies 329 333 333 334 345 346 Conclusions 349 References General Index Language Index 354 405 408 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.3 241 241 244 248 253 253 260 261 263 270 273 273 275
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| adam_txt |
Contents Preface Page xiii Acknowledgments xix List ofAbbreviations xxi 1 Who Are These Speakers, Where Do They Come From, and How Did They Get to Be the Way They Are? 1.1 1.2 Setting the Stage The Main Players 1.2.1 Heritage Language Speakers 1.2.2 Baseline Speakers 1.2.3 Homeland Speakers Main Outcomes in Heritage Grammars 1.3.1 Transfer from the Dominant Language 1.3.2 Attrition 1.3.3 Divergent Attainment Main Sources of Divergence in Heritage Grammars 1.4.1 Amount and Type of Input 1.4.2 Incipient Changes in the Input 1.4.3 Resource Constraints 1.4.4 Universal Principles of Language Structure 1 9 9 10 13 17 18 22 24 28 29 33 35 36 2 Heritage Engiish 38 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prologue Heritage English: Historical Records Heritage English: Current Production Data 2.3.1 Some Statistics 2.3.2 Changes in Morphology 2.3.3 Fillers 2.3.4 Verb-Particle Combinations 2.3.5 Relative Clauses 2.3.6 What They Get Right 38 43 46 47 49 50 52 58 60 1.3 1.4 1 ix
Contents x 2.4 2.5 Linguistic Properties of Heritage English: Comprehension Data 2.4.1 Processing Limitations 2.4.2 Beyond Processing Limitations Summary 65 66 69 73 3 How to Study Heritage Speakers: Observations on Methodologies and Approaches 3.1 3.2 General Remarks Methodological Considerations Specific to Heritage Populations 3.2.1 Choice of Production Tasks 3.2.2 The Production-Comprehension Divide 3.2.3 Use of Grammaticality Judgment Tasks Assessment Methodologies 3.3.1 Biographic and Demographic Questionnaires 3.3.2 Linguistic Assessment of Heritage Speakers 76 76 78 78 86 95 101 102 105 4 Phonetics and Phonology 114 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 “Heritage Accent” Production in the Heritage Language: Segments Production in the Dominant Language: Segments Production: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Perception: Segmental Phonology Perception: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Summary 116 123 138 147 153 158 162 3.3 5 Morphology and Morphosyntax 164 5.1 The Fate of Paradigms 5.1.1 Salience 5.1.2 Overregularization and Overmarking 5.1.3 Increased Analyticity Structural Indeterminacy and Ambiguity 5.2.1 Production Data 5.2.2 Restructuring of Featural Oppositions Morphology Encoding Relationships betweenTwo Constituents 5.3.1 Case Marking 5.3.2 Agreement 5.3.3 What About Isolating Languages? Summary 165 165 173 183 184 184 187 197 197 204 215 219 5.2 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Syntax Some Things Never Change? Parts of Speech A-Dependencies 6.2.1 Unaccusativity 6.2.2 Other A-Dependencies Beyond А-Dependency: Other Valency Alternations 222 223 230 230 236 238
Contents 6.4 xi A-Bar Dependencies 6.4.1 Relative Clauses: Production 6.4.2 Relative Clauses: Comprehension 6.4.3 Other A-Bar Dependencies The Silent Problem 6.5.1 Referential Pronouns: General Remarks 6.5.2 Referential Pronouns: An Example 6.5.3 Bound Variables 6.5.4 Ellipsis Binding Word Order 6.7.1 General Considerations 6.7.2 Ignore Morphology, Alter Your WordOrder 6.7.3 Discontinuous Relationships betweenElements of Structure 6.7.4 Germanic Languages in Contact: Changes in V2 Transfer Effects? Summary 277 281 286 288 7 Semantics and Pragmatics 291 7.1 7.2 Lexical Systems and Word Meaning Propositional Semantics 7.2.1 Genericity, Specificity, Definiteness 7.2.2 Scope Information Structure and Pragmatics 7.3.1 Topic 7.3.2 Focus Social Pragmatics Summary 292 298 298 304 310 310 316 323 327 8 Heritage Languages and Their Speakers in Unexpected Places 329 8.1 8.2 Preliminary Remarks Heritage Speakers among Endangered Language Speakers? 8.2.1 Biographical Data 8.2.2 Structural Signs of Endangerment 8.2.3 Variation in Judgments Coping Strategies 329 333 333 334 345 346 Conclusions 349 References General Index Language Index 354 405 408 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.3 241 241 244 248 253 253 260 261 263 270 273 273 275
Contents Preface Page xiii Acknowledgments xix List ofAbbreviations xxi 1 Who Are These Speakers, Where Do They Come From, and How Did They Get to Be the Way They Are? 1.1 1.2 Setting the Stage The Main Players 1.2.1 Heritage Language Speakers 1.2.2 Baseline Speakers 1.2.3 Homeland Speakers Main Outcomes in Heritage Grammars 1.3.1 Transfer from the Dominant Language 1.3.2 Attrition 1.3.3 Divergent Attainment Main Sources of Divergence in Heritage Grammars 1.4.1 Amount and Type of Input 1.4.2 Incipient Changes in the Input 1.4.3 Resource Constraints 1.4.4 Universal Principles of Language Structure 1 9 9 10 13 17 18 22 24 28 29 33 35 36 2 Heritage Engiish 38 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prologue Heritage English: Historical Records Heritage English: Current Production Data 2.3.1 Some Statistics 2.3.2 Changes in Morphology 2.3.3 Fillers 2.3.4 Verb-Particle Combinations 2.3.5 Relative Clauses 2.3.6 What They Get Right 38 43 46 47 49 50 52 58 60 1.3 1.4 1 ix
Contents x 2.4 2.5 Linguistic Properties of Heritage English: Comprehension Data 2.4.1 Processing Limitations 2.4.2 Beyond Processing Limitations Summary 65 66 69 73 3 How to Study Heritage Speakers: Observations on Methodologies and Approaches 3.1 3.2 General Remarks Methodological Considerations Specific to Heritage Populations 3.2.1 Choice of Production Tasks 3.2.2 The Production-Comprehension Divide 3.2.3 Use of Grammaticality Judgment Tasks Assessment Methodologies 3.3.1 Biographic and Demographic Questionnaires 3.3.2 Linguistic Assessment of Heritage Speakers 76 76 78 78 86 95 101 102 105 4 Phonetics and Phonology 114 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 “Heritage Accent” Production in the Heritage Language: Segments Production in the Dominant Language: Segments Production: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Perception: Segmental Phonology Perception: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Summary 116 123 138 147 153 158 162 3.3 5 Morphology and Morphosyntax 164 5.1 The Fate of Paradigms 5.1.1 Salience 5.1.2 Overregularization and Overmarking 5.1.3 Increased Analyticity Structural Indeterminacy and Ambiguity 5.2.1 Production Data 5.2.2 Restructuring of Featural Oppositions Morphology Encoding Relationships betweenTwo Constituents 5.3.1 Case Marking 5.3.2 Agreement 5.3.3 What About Isolating Languages? Summary 165 165 173 183 184 184 187 197 197 204 215 219 5.2 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Syntax Some Things Never Change? Parts of Speech A-Dependencies 6.2.1 Unaccusativity 6.2.2 Other A-Dependencies Beyond А-Dependency: Other Valency Alternations 222 223 230 230 236 238
Contents 6.4 xi A-Bar Dependencies 6.4.1 Relative Clauses: Production 6.4.2 Relative Clauses: Comprehension 6.4.3 Other A-Bar Dependencies The Silent Problem 6.5.1 Referential Pronouns: General Remarks 6.5.2 Referential Pronouns: An Example 6.5.3 Bound Variables 6.5.4 Ellipsis Binding Word Order 6.7.1 General Considerations 6.7.2 Ignore Morphology, Alter Your WordOrder 6.7.3 Discontinuous Relationships betweenElements of Structure 6.7.4 Germanic Languages in Contact: Changes in V2 Transfer Effects? Summary 277 281 286 288 7 Semantics and Pragmatics 291 7.1 7.2 Lexical Systems and Word Meaning Propositional Semantics 7.2.1 Genericity, Specificity, Definiteness 7.2.2 Scope Information Structure and Pragmatics 7.3.1 Topic 7.3.2 Focus Social Pragmatics Summary 292 298 298 304 310 310 316 323 327 8 Heritage Languages and Their Speakers in Unexpected Places 329 8.1 8.2 Preliminary Remarks Heritage Speakers among Endangered Language Speakers? 8.2.1 Biographical Data 8.2.2 Structural Signs of Endangerment 8.2.3 Variation in Judgments Coping Strategies 329 333 333 334 345 346 Conclusions 349 References General Index Language Index 354 405 408 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.3 241 241 244 248 253 253 260 261 263 270 273 273 275
Contents Preface Page xiii Acknowledgments xix List ofAbbreviations xxi 1 Who Are These Speakers, Where Do They Come From, and How Did They Get to Be the Way They Are? 1.1 1.2 Setting the Stage The Main Players 1.2.1 Heritage Language Speakers 1.2.2 Baseline Speakers 1.2.3 Homeland Speakers Main Outcomes in Heritage Grammars 1.3.1 Transfer from the Dominant Language 1.3.2 Attrition 1.3.3 Divergent Attainment Main Sources of Divergence in Heritage Grammars 1.4.1 Amount and Type of Input 1.4.2 Incipient Changes in the Input 1.4.3 Resource Constraints 1.4.4 Universal Principles of Language Structure 1 9 9 10 13 17 18 22 24 28 29 33 35 36 2 Heritage Engiish 38 2.1 2.2 2.3 Prologue Heritage English: Historical Records Heritage English: Current Production Data 2.3.1 Some Statistics 2.3.2 Changes in Morphology 2.3.3 Fillers 2.3.4 Verb-Particle Combinations 2.3.5 Relative Clauses 2.3.6 What They Get Right 38 43 46 47 49 50 52 58 60 1.3 1.4 1 ix
Contents x 2.4 2.5 Linguistic Properties of Heritage English: Comprehension Data 2.4.1 Processing Limitations 2.4.2 Beyond Processing Limitations Summary 65 66 69 73 3 How to Study Heritage Speakers: Observations on Methodologies and Approaches 3.1 3.2 General Remarks Methodological Considerations Specific to Heritage Populations 3.2.1 Choice of Production Tasks 3.2.2 The Production-Comprehension Divide 3.2.3 Use of Grammaticality Judgment Tasks Assessment Methodologies 3.3.1 Biographic and Demographic Questionnaires 3.3.2 Linguistic Assessment of Heritage Speakers 76 76 78 78 86 95 101 102 105 4 Phonetics and Phonology 114 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 “Heritage Accent” Production in the Heritage Language: Segments Production in the Dominant Language: Segments Production: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Perception: Segmental Phonology Perception: Tone, Stress, and Prosody Summary 116 123 138 147 153 158 162 3.3 5 Morphology and Morphosyntax 164 5.1 The Fate of Paradigms 5.1.1 Salience 5.1.2 Overregularization and Overmarking 5.1.3 Increased Analyticity Structural Indeterminacy and Ambiguity 5.2.1 Production Data 5.2.2 Restructuring of Featural Oppositions Morphology Encoding Relationships betweenTwo Constituents 5.3.1 Case Marking 5.3.2 Agreement 5.3.3 What About Isolating Languages? Summary 165 165 173 183 184 184 187 197 197 204 215 219 5.2 5.3 5.4 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 Syntax Some Things Never Change? Parts of Speech A-Dependencies 6.2.1 Unaccusativity 6.2.2 Other A-Dependencies Beyond А-Dependency: Other Valency Alternations 222 223 230 230 236 238
Contents 6.4 xi A-Bar Dependencies 6.4.1 Relative Clauses: Production 6.4.2 Relative Clauses: Comprehension 6.4.3 Other A-Bar Dependencies The Silent Problem 6.5.1 Referential Pronouns: General Remarks 6.5.2 Referential Pronouns: An Example 6.5.3 Bound Variables 6.5.4 Ellipsis Binding Word Order 6.7.1 General Considerations 6.7.2 Ignore Morphology, Alter Your WordOrder 6.7.3 Discontinuous Relationships betweenElements of Structure 6.7.4 Germanic Languages in Contact: Changes in V2 Transfer Effects? Summary 277 281 286 288 7 Semantics and Pragmatics 291 7.1 7.2 Lexical Systems and Word Meaning Propositional Semantics 7.2.1 Genericity, Specificity, Definiteness 7.2.2 Scope Information Structure and Pragmatics 7.3.1 Topic 7.3.2 Focus Social Pragmatics Summary 292 298 298 304 310 310 316 323 327 8 Heritage Languages and Their Speakers in Unexpected Places 329 8.1 8.2 Preliminary Remarks Heritage Speakers among Endangered Language Speakers? 8.2.1 Biographical Data 8.2.2 Structural Signs of Endangerment 8.2.3 Variation in Judgments Coping Strategies 329 333 333 334 345 346 Conclusions 349 References General Index Language Index 354 405 408 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.4 7.5 8.3 241 241 244 248 253 253 260 261 263 270 273 273 275 |
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| spelling | Polinsky, Maria 1956- Verfasser (DE-588)130534803 aut Heritage languages and their speakers Maria Polinsky First paperback edition Cambridge, United Kingdom Cambridge University Press 2020 xxii, 410 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cambridge studies in linguistics 159 This book provides a pioneering introduction to heritage languages and their speakers, written by one of the founders of this new field. Using examples from a wide range of languages, it covers all the main components of grammar, including phonetics and phonology, morphology and morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics, and shows easy familiarity with approaches ranging from formal grammar to typology, from sociolinguistics to child language acquisition and other relevant aspects of psycholinguistics. The book offers analysis of resilient and vulnerable domains in heritage languages, with a special emphasis on recurrent structural properties that occur across multiple heritage languages. It is explicit about instances where, based on our current knowledge, we are unable to reach a clear decision on a particular claim or analytical point, and therefore provides a much-needed resource for future research Minderheitensprache (DE-588)4132313-0 gnd rswk-swf Heritage language speakers Linguistic minorities / Language Linguistic minorities Language and culture Minderheitensprache (DE-588)4132313-0 s DE-604 Äquivalent Druck-Ausgabe, Hardcover 2018 978-1-107-04764-8 Cambridge studies in linguistics 159 (DE-604)BV000000639 159 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032213588&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032213588&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032213588&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Polinsky, Maria 1956- Heritage languages and their speakers Cambridge studies in linguistics Minderheitensprache (DE-588)4132313-0 gnd |
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| title | Heritage languages and their speakers |
| title_auth | Heritage languages and their speakers |
| title_exact_search | Heritage languages and their speakers |
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| title_full | Heritage languages and their speakers Maria Polinsky |
| title_fullStr | Heritage languages and their speakers Maria Polinsky |
| title_full_unstemmed | Heritage languages and their speakers Maria Polinsky |
| title_short | Heritage languages and their speakers |
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| topic | Minderheitensprache (DE-588)4132313-0 gnd |
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