Lumi ale gândirii: zece eseuri logico-metafizice
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| Schriftenreihe: | Colecţia Plural M
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| Beschreibung: | 230 Seiten 1 Diagramm |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804181357977403392 |
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| adam_text | Cuprins Cuvânt-înainte (Andrei Pleşu).................................................. 11 1. Wittgenstein despre necesitatea logică.............................13 Câteva precizări preliminare............................................... 13 Formă logică şi necesitate................................................... 15 Conceptul de necesitate în Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. O examinare critică.................25 Necesitatea dincolo de Tractatus. Este oare posibilă o întemeiere a necesităţii metafizice, naturale şi, respectiv, normative?...................................................... 39 2. Ilie Pârvu despre realismul structural. Un studiu de caz asupra argumentului convergenţei..... 51 Introducere. Delimitarea problemei....................... 51 Apar modalităţile...................................................................53 Câteva noţiuni de baza ale metalogicii modale; cadre şi validitate...........................................................57 Sistemul incomplet VB....................... 61 Ce semnificaţie are acest rezultat de incompletitudine?.......................................................65 O explicaţie a incompletitudinii în logica modală.........68 încheiere..................................................................................79 3. Este mintea umană complet algoritmică? Remarci asupra teoremelor de incompletitudine ale lui Gödel ......................................................................... 81 Schiţă a principalelor programe şi răspunsuri la problema minte-corp din filosofia minţii............... 83
O succintă prezentare semiformală a teoremelor de incompletitudine ale lui Gödel...............................87 Comentarii asupra unora dintre ideile filosofice principale susţinute de Gödel.......................................90 Gödel despre minţi şi maşini.........................................90 Gödel despre minte şi materie.....................................93 Maşini Turing vs aşa-numitele „Minţi Gödel”............ 96 4. Explicarea conştiinţei fenomenale. Conceptibilitate epistemică şi posibilitate metafizică....................................................100 5. Principia Mathematica după 100 de ani. Un eseu expozitiv............................................................... 117 6. Modele şi reguli. Controverse în fundamentele semanticii contemporane...................................................131 Semantică reprezentaţională............................................ 131 Inferenţialism.......................................................................133 Câteva probleme cu abordarea inferenţialistă..............138 7. Semnificaţie, nonexistenţă şi termeni nonreferenţiali.... 143 Introducere........................................................................... 143 Reference Without Referents (RWR).................................. 146 O introducere rapidă şi succintă în logica liberă................................................................151 Reference Without Referents (continuare)....................... 160 Probleme pentru RWR....................................................... 163 Care este pasul
următor?.................................................. 171 8. Noi perspective asupra compoziţionalităţii. Abordarea relaţionist-semantică a lui Kit Fine asupra semnificaţiei.................... 174 9. „Expresiile obişnuite nu au o logică exactă şi sistematică”. Remarci asupra contribuţiilor lui P.F. Strawson la teoria logicii.................................... 187
10.Două profiluri ale cercetării filosofice: analiza conceptuală de fotoliu vs filosofia experimentală. Câteva reflecţii pe marginea lui Radu Solean despre studiul experimental al minţii............................201 Bibliografie ............................................................................... 215 Index...........................................................................................223
Bibliografie Armstrong, D.M. (1997), A World of States ofAffairs, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Armstrong, D.M. (2004), Truth and Truthmakers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Beall, J.C., Restali, G. (2006), Logical Pluralism, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Begriffsschrift, F. (1879/1970), „Begriffsschrift, a formula language, modeled upon that of arithmetic, for pure thought”, DOI:10.4159/harvard.9780674864603.c2. Bell, J., DeVidi, D., Solomon, G. (2001), Logical Options: An Introduction to Classical and Alternative Logics, Peterborough: Broadview Press. Bigelow, J. (1988), The Reality of Numbers, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Bonjour, L. (2010), „Against Materialism”, in Robert C. Koons şi George Bealer (eds.), The Waning of Materialism, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Boolos, G. (1993), The Logic ofProvability, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Brandom, R. (2000), Articulating Reasons: An Introduction to Inferentialism, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Brandom, R. (1994), Making It Explicit: Reasoning, Representing, Discursive Commitment, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Braun, D. (1993), „Empty Names”, Nous, voi. 27, nr. 4, pp. 449-469. Chalmers, D. (2003), „Consciousness and its Place in Nature”, in Stephen P. Stich si Ted A. Warfield (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind, Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
216 BIBLIOGRAFIE Church, A. (1944, 1956, 1996), Introduction to Mathematical Logic, Princeton: Princeton University Press. Churchland, P.M. (2013), Matter and Consciousness, Cambridge: The MIT Press. Copi, I.M., Gould, J.A. (eds.) (1967), Contemporary Readings in Logical Theory, New York: The Macmillan Company. Davidson, D. (1967), „Truth and Meaning”, Synthese, vol. 17, որ. 1, pp. 304-323; retipărit în Donald Davidson (1984). Davidson, D. (1980), Essays on Actions and Events, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Davidson, D. (1984), „Thought and Talk”, ín Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Davidson, D. (1984), Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Dennett, D.C. (2013), Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking, Londra: Penguin Books. Dumitru M. (1996), „Should Modal Operators Be Interpreted As Quantifiers Over Possible Worlds?”, Revue Roumaine de Philosophie, vol. 40, որ. 3-4, pp. 247-262. Dumitru, M. (2001), Modalitate şi incompletitudine, Bucureşti: Paideia. Dumitru, M. (2002), „Conceptul de necesitate în Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus”, în Mircea Flonta, Gheorghe Ştefanov (editori), Ludwig Wittgenstein în filosofia secolului XX, Iaşi: Polirom, pp. 19-28. Dumitru, M. (2015), „Logical Form”, în Cătălin Vasilescu, Maria-Luisa Flonta, Ioana Crăciun (eds.), On Form and Pattern, Bucureşti: Editura Academiei Române, pp. 11-16. Dumitru, M., Kroon, F. (2008), „What to Say When There Is Nothing to Talk about”, Critica, vol. 40, որ. 120, pp. 97-109. Dummett, M. (1973), Frege’s Philosophy of Language, New York: Harper Row. Dummett,
M. (1982), „Realism”, Synthese, vol. 52, որ. 1, pp. 55-112. Engel, P. (2002), Truth, Chesham: Acumen. Evans, G. (1982), The Varieties ofReference, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
BIBLIOGRAFIE 217 Everett, A.J., Hofweber, T. (eds.) (2000), Empty Names, Fiction, and the Puzzles of Non-Existence, Stanford: CSLI Publications. Feyerabend, P.K. (1978), Science in a Free Society, Londra: Verso Books. Fine, K. (1975), „Vagueness, Truth, and Logic”, Synthese, vol. 30, որ. 3/4, pp. 265-300. Fine, К. (1985), „Plantinga on the Reduction of Possibilist Discourse”, in J.E. Tomberlin, P. van Inwagen (eds.), Alvin Plantinga, Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing, pp. 145-186. Fine, К. (2003), „The Role of Variables”, Journal of Philosophy, vol. 100, որ. 12, pp. 605-631. Fine, К. (2005), Modality and Tense՛. Philosophical Papers, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Fine, K. (2009), Semantic Relationism, New York: WileyBlackwell. Fine, K. (2011), „The Silence of the Lambdas”, interviu de James Garvey, The Philosophers’ Magazine, pp. 19-27. Flonta, M. (2008), Gânditorul singuratic. Critica şi practica filosofici la Ludwig Wittgenstein, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Flonta, M., Ştefanov, Ghe. (editori) (2002), Ludwig Wittgenstein în filosofia secolului XX, Iaşi: Polirom. Fogelin, R.J. (1976, 1987), Wittgenstein, ediţia a II-а, Londra, New York: Routledge. Forbes, G. (1985), The Metaphysics of Modality, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Forbes, G. (2005), An Introduction to Modal Logic, manuscris nepublicat. Garson, J.W. (2013), What Logics Mean: From Proof Theory to Model-Theoretic Semantics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Gentzen, G. (1969), „Investigation into Logical Deduction”, ín M. Szabo (ed.), The Collected Papers of Gerhard Gentzen, Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 68-131. Gödel, K. (1929,
1986), „On the completeness of the calculus of logic”, ín Collected Works, voi. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
218 BIBLIOGRAFIE Godei, К. (1930, 1986), „The completeness of the axioms of the functional calculus of logic”, ín Collected Works, voi. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Gödel, K. (1931, 1986), „On formally undecidable propositions of Principia Mathematica and related systems I”, ín Collected Works, voi. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Gutting, G. (2015), What Philosophy Can Do, New York: W.W. Norton Company. Harris, H. (1995), „An Experimentalist Looks at Identity”, in Henry Harris (ed.), Identity, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Hintikka, J. (2000a), On Gödel, Wadsworth: Thomson Learning. Hintikka, J. (2000b), On Wittgenstein, Wadsworth: Thomson Learning. Hughes, G.E., Cresswell, M.J. (1984), A Companion to Modal Logic, Londra: Methuen. Hughes, G.E., Cresswell, M.J. (1996), A New Introduction to Modal Logic, Londra: Routledge. Humberstone, L. (1981), „From Worlds to Possibilities”, The Journal of Philosophical Logic, voi. 10, pp. 313-339. Jackson, F. (1986), „What Mary Didn’t Know”, The Journal of Philosophy, voi. 83, nr. 5, pp. 291-295. Jackson, F. (1998), „Reference and Descriptions Revisited”, Philosophical Perspectives, voi. 12, pp. 201-218. Kitcher, P. (2001), Science, Truth, and Democracy, New York: Oxford University Press. Kitcher, P. (2011), Science in a Democratic Society, Prometheus Books, Kindle Edition. Knobe, J., Nichols, S. (eds.) (2013), Experimental Philosophy, voi. 1-2, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kripke, S. (1971), „Identity and Necessity”, in Milton K. Munitz (ed.), Identity and Individuation, New York: New York University Press. Kripke, S. (1972,
1980), Naming and Necessity, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Kripke, S. (2013), Reference and Existence: The John Locke Lectures for 1973, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
BIBLIOGRAFIE 219 Kuhn, T. (1981), „A Function for Thought Experiments”, în Ian Hacking (ed.), Scientific Revolutions, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 6-27. Leblanc, H. (1982), Existence, Truth, and Provability, Albany: State University of New York Press. Leblanc, H., Meyer, R.K. (1970), „On Prefacing (VX)A з A(Y/X) with (VY): A Free Quantification Theory without Identity”, Zeitschrift für matematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, voi. 16, pp. 447-462; retipărit în Hugues Leblanc (1982), pp. 58-75. Leblanc, H., Thomason, R.H. (1968), „Completeness Theorems for some Presupposition-Free Logics”, Fundamenta Mathematicae, voi. 62, pp. 125-164; retipărit în Hugues Leblanc (1982), pp. 22-57. Levine, J. (2001), Purple Haze: The Puzzle of Consciousness, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lewis, D. (1973/1979), „Possible Worlds”, ín Michael J. Loux (ed.) (1979), pp. 182-190. Lewis, D. (1983), „Anselm and Actuality”, ín Philosophical Papers, voi. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 10-25. Lewis, D. (1986), On the Plurality of Worlds, Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Loux, M.J. (ed.) (1979), The Possible and the Actual, Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Martinich, A.P. (ed.) (1985,1990), The Philosophy of Language, ediţia a II-а, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Martinich, A.P., Sosa, D. (eds.) (2006), A Companion to Analytic Philosophy, Oxford: Blackwell. Morscher, E., Hieke, A. (eds.) (2001), New Essays in Free Logic: In Honour of Karel Lambert, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Morscher, E., Simons, P. (2001), „Free Logic: A Fifty-Year Past and an Open Future”, ín Edgar
Morscher, Alexander Hieke (eds.) (2001), pp. 1-34. Nagel, E., Newman, J.R. (1958), Gödel ’s Proof, New York: Routledge.
220 BIBLIOGRAFIE Nagel, T. (1974), „What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”, Philosophical Review, voi. 83, nr. 4. Nagel, T. (1979), Mortal Questions, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Nagel, T. (1991), Equality and Partiality, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Nozick, R. (1974), Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Oxford: Blackwell. Nussbaum, M.C. (2010), Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities?, Oxford: Princeton University Press. Pârvu, I. (1990), Arhitectura existenţei, vol. I, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Pears, D.D. (1987, 1988), The False Prison: A Study of the Development of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy, voi. I-II, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Plantinga, A. (1979), „Actualism and Possible Worlds”, in M.J. Loux (ed.) (1979), pp. 253-274. Prior, A.N. (1960), „The Runabout Inference-Ticket”, Analysis, voi. 21, pp. 38-39. Prior, A.N., Eit, F. (1977), Worlds, Times, and Selves, Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. Putnam, H. (1975/1994), „The Meaning of «Meaning»”, in Robert M. Harnish (ed.), Basic Topics in the Philosophy of Language, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. Putnam, H. (2012), Philosophy in an Age of Science, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Putnam, H. (2012), „Capabilities and Two Ethical Theories”, in Philosophy in an Age of Science, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, pp. 299-311. Quine, W.V.O. (1955), „Three Grades of Modal Involvement”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, voi. 20, nr. 2, pp. 168-169. Quine, W.V.O. (1966, 1995), „Whitehead and the Rise of Modern Logic (1941)”, in Selected Logic Papers. Enlarged Edition, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, pp. 3-36.
Quine, W.V.O. (1976), „Mr. Strawson on Logical Theory”, in The Ways ofParadox and Other Essays, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, pp. 137-157.
BIBLIOGRAFIE 221 Russell, В. (1908/1967), „Mathematical Logic as based on the Theory of Types”, ín Irving M. Copi, James A. Gould (eds.) (1967), pp. 135-153. Russell, B. (1940), An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth, Londra: George Allen Unwin. Russell, B. (1948), Human Knowledge: Its Scope and Limits, Londra: George Allen Unwin. Russell, B. (1959), My Philosophical Development, Londra: George Allen Unwin. Russell, B. (1993), Our Knowledge of the External World, Londra: Routledge. Russell, В. (2013), Cunoaşterea lumii exterioare, traducere de Drăgan Stoianovici, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Sainsbury, R. (2005), Reference Without Referents, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Salmon, N. (1998), „Nonexistence”, Nous, vol. 32, որ. З, pp. 277-319. Sellars, W. (1963), Science, Perception, and Reality, Londra: Routledge Kegan Paul. Sellars, W. (1963), „Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man”, ín Science, Perception, and Reality, Londra: Routledge Kegan Paul. Smith, P. (2013), An Introduction to Gödel’s Theorems, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Snowdon, P.F. (2006), „P.F. Strawson”, in Aloysius P. Martinich, David Sosa (eds.) (2006), pp. 334-349. Soames, S. (2002), Beyond Rigidity, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Solean, R. (2012), Filosofia ştiinţelor umane: o introducere, Bucureşti: Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti. Stalnaker, R.C. (1979), „Possible Worlds”, în Michael J. Loux (ed.) (1979), pp. 225-235. Strawson, P.F. (1952), Introduction to Logical Theory, Londra: Methuen. Szabo M. (ed.) (1969), The Collected Papers of Gerhard Gentzen, Amsterdam: North-Holland.
222 BIBLIOGRAFIE Taylor, К. (2000), „Emptiness Without Compromise”, în Anthony J. Everett, Thomas Hofweher (eds.) (2000), pp. 17-36. Tieszen, R. (2011), After Gödel: Platonism and Rationalism in Mathematics and Logic, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Tomberlin, J.E., van Inwagen, P. (eds.) (1985), Alvin Plantinga, Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing. Urquhart, A. (2013), „Principia Mathematica: The First 100 Years”, ín Nicholas Griffin, Bernard Linski (eds.), The Paigrave Centenary Companion to Principia Mathematica, New York: Paigrave Macmillan, pp. 3-20. Van Benthem, J.F.A.K. (1978), „Two Simple Incomplete Modal Logics”, Theoria, voi. XLIV, partea I. van Fraassen, B. (1966), „The Completeness of Free Logic”, Zeitschrift für Matematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, voi. 12, pp. 219-234. van Inwagen, P. (2014), Existence:Essays in Ontology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Walton, К (1990), Mimesis as Make-Believe, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Wang, H. (1996), A Logical Journey: From Godei to Philosophy, Cambridge: The MIT Press. Whitehead, A.N. (1902), „On cardinal numbers”, American Journal of Mathematics, p. 367, apud WVO. Quine (1966, 1995), Selected Logic Papers. Enlarged Edition, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Whitehead, A.N., Russell, B. (1997), Principia Mathematica to *56, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Williamson, T. (1994), Vagueness, Londra: Routledge. Wittgenstein, L. (1961, 1974), Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Londra: Routledge. Wittgenstein, L. (2001), Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, tra ducere de Mircea Dumitru şi Mircea
Flonta, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Wittgenstein, L. (2004), Cercetări filosofice, traducere de Mircea Dumitru şi Mircea Flonta, în colaborare cu Adrian-Paul Iliescu, Bucureşti: Humanitás.
Index Ackermann, W. 122 acţiune 14, 85, 165, 213 adevăr 20-21, 24, 58, 88, 91,107, 111, 121, 125, 128-129, 132133, 135-136, 138, 140-141, 143, 147-148, 151, 154, 189190, 196-197 algoritm 96-97 analiză 15, 17-18, 21-22, 30, 41, 48, 54, 59, 84, 97, 105, 110, 115, 118, 166, 182, 187-188, 190-191, 198, 201-202, 204206, 208, 210-211 ~ conceptuală de fotoliu 201, 213 -logică 17-18, 22, 187, 190, 198 analogie 180, 184, 209 argument al conceptibilităţii (modal) 105-107, 109, 111 ~ al convergenţei 51-53, 7980 ~ al cunoaşterii 105 ~ al explicaţiei 105 ֊ valid 97-98, 112, 118 Arhitectura existenţei 52 aritmetică 54-56, 87, 89 atitudini propoziţionale 85-86, 140 atribut 23, 44, 122-123 Bayes, Thomas 208 Beall, Jeffrey C. 199 Beckmann, Arnold 81 Begriffsschrift 117 behaviorism filosofìe 84-85 Bell, John 55 Bernays, P. 120 BonJour, Laurence 103-104 Boolos, G. 55 Brandom, Robert 137-138 cadre 52, 56-57, 59-62, 65-67, 70, 75, 77 —Kripke 52, 57, 60-62, 67, 73-75 ~ recesive 63-64 Cantor, G. 119, 125-126 caracter 43, 91, 97,103-104, 161, 163, 192, 194, 198, 207 - semantic intrinsec 176 ~ semantic relaţional 161 Cercetări filosofice 37, 134-135 cerinţă prezumtivă 173 Chalmers, David 101 Church, Alonzo 17-18 completitudine a formulei 77 compoziţionalitate 175-186 computabilism 82, 90, 98 conceptibilitate epistemică 100, 105-107, 109-111, 114 concepţie - demonstrativ-teoretică despre semnificaţie 131 ~ model-teoretică despre sem nificaţie 131
224 INDEX concluzie 13-15,19-21, 23-24, 91, 97, 106, 113, 189 condiţii de adevăr 132, 143, 148, 150, 161, 163 conectori propoziţionali 22, 71, 134, 139 consecinţă ~ deductivă 69, 76-77 ~ semantică 59,69-70, 75,140, 199 constante logice 26,133-134,138, 191-193 conştiinţă fenomenală 100, 102ЮЗ, 105 Crăciun, Ioana 15 Cresswell, M.J. 67 cuantificator 22, 66, 68, 71, 122123, 150-152, 155 cunoaştere 16,19,22,82,91,100, 105-106, 109, 125, 163-164, 186, 204-208, 211, 213 ~ prin descriere (knowledge by description) 125 ~ prin familiarizare {knowledge by acquaintance) 125 Davidson, D. 146-148, 163 decidabil 59, 89, 93-94 definiţie contextuală 124 demonstrabilitate 54-56, 79 condiţii de ~ Hilbert-BemaysLöb 55 Dennett, Daniel 208-209 denotat 132, 136 Descartes, René 93, 208 descripţii definite 21, 48-49, 123124, 162, 191 designator rigid 48, 113 DeVìdi, David 55 diferenţă ~ cognitivă 177, 179 ~ semantică 176-179, 181, 184, 186 Dilthey, Wilhem 212 discurs 16, 18-19, 22, 43, 133, 138, 143, 150, 170, 172, 187188, 190, 192, 196-199, 206, 212 distincţie ~ a spune şi a arăta 27 ~ utilizare-menţionare (use-mention) 121 dualism 84, 93, 105, 108-109 ~ metodologic 212 Dummett, Michael 138-139 Dumnezeu 43 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 212 Einstein, Albert 209 eliminativist modal 45 enunţ 17, 43-44, 107, 110-111, 113, 125, 128, 132, 143-148, 152, 162-163, 165, 167-171, 176, 189, 196, 198 etichete 61, 209 Evans, Gareth 171 exemple 19, 63, 95, 97,116,141, 149, 165, 194-195, 198, 203, 209 experiment mintal 105,204,206210, 213 ֊ Mary 105-106, 109 explanandum pentru funcţii com portamentale şi cognitive 102
extensiune 74, 134, 197 extindere conservatoare 78 fals 21, 121, 125, 128-129, 154, 190, 196 filosofie 17-18, 22, 24, 28, 31, 43, 47, 51, 95, 100, 119, 129130, 134, 143, 174-176, 191, 202-206 ~ a matematicii 51, 82, 118119
INDEX ~ a minţii 81-83, 103, 116, 204-205, 210-213 ~ analitică 17-18,40,43,204205, 208, 213 ~ de birou sau de fotoliu (iarm-chair philosophy) 206207, 211 ~ experimentală 201-213 Fine, Kit 23-24, 38, 40, 42, 4450,60,145,171-172,174-175, 178, 185, 210 fizicalism 82, 90 Flonta, Maria-Luisa 15 Flonta, Mircea 25, 201 Forbes, Graeme 42 formă ~ logică 13-19, 21-24, 44-46, 194, 199, 209 ~ propoziţională 16 Frege, G. 117,120-122,124,126, 174-176, 178-179, 186, 188 fregeanism 146 funcţie - de interpretare parţială 153157, 161 ~ de interpretare totală 153157, 161 ~ de valorizare parţială 153157, 161 ~ de valorizare totală 153157, 161 ~ logică 134 funcţionalism 85, 87, 106 funcţionare logică a limbajului 188 Galileo Galilei 209 Garson, J.W. 136-137 Gentzen, G. 133, 139 Georgescu, Ştefan-Dominic 131, 143, 174 Gettier, Edmund 210 225 Gödel, Kurt 54-55, 79, 81-83, 8799, 141, 188 goluri de valorizare (truth-value gaps) 196-197 Gramatica Montague 174 Harris, Henry 115 Henkin, L. 66 hermeneutică 199, 212 Hieke, Alexander 151 Hilbert, David 62, 91, 122, 188 Hintikka, J. 53 Hughes, G.E. 67 identitate 22-24,43,46,109-111, 113, 123-124, 150, 175-179, 181, 184 ~ referenţială 177-178 Identity and Necessity 112 Iliescu, Adrian-Paul 13 incompletitudine 51-52, 54, 56,57,61-62,64-70, 73, 75-77, 79, 81-82, 87, 89-91, 97,101,141 ~ gödelianä (vezi şi teoremă) 54, 79, 81-82, 87, 89-90, 141 ~ semantică 52, 56-57, 141 indexical 48, 147, 197 inferenţialism 133-140 instabilitatea valorilor de adevăr 197 inteligenţă artificială 82 intenţionalitate 102, 104 interpretare 14, 22, 31-34, 44, 52, 67, 69, 71,
74-75, 78-79, 88, 110, 113, 119, 131-132, 134, 136, 146, 147, 155, 163, 169-170, 192, 195, 199-200 intrinsecalitate 184 intuiţii 39,41-42,91-92,125,161, 178-179, 206-207, 211-213 izomorfism 16-17, 27
226 INDEX Jackson, Frank 105, 164 judecată 18, 31, 40, 64, 129, 140 ~ admisibilă 64 ~ sintetică a priori 30 Kant, Immanuel 18, 30, 203 Kripke, Saul 42, 48, 50, 53, 60, 110-113, 116, 143, 165, 176, 188, 210 Kuhn, Thomas 209 Le Verrier, Urbain 169-170 Leblanc, Hugues 155, 157 legătură ~ cognitivă 177 ~ referenţială 177-179 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von 11, 92, 208 Levine, Joseph 104 Lewis, C.I. 53, 120 Lewis, David 40, 42 libertate 43, 211 limbaj 14-19, 21-23, 25-27, 40, 44, 51, 53-55, 57, 66, 68-71, 73, 76-78, 84, 101, 119, 120, 124, 128-129, 131-135, 146147, 150, 174-176, 180-183, 186-200, 205 ~ formal 124, 191, 194-195, 198 ~ formalizat 17-18, 23, 44 ~ natural 18-19, 22,120,134, 146-147,187,189-196,198-199 ~ obiect 147 ~ (şi limbi) naturale 18-19, 22, 120, 134, 146-147, 187, 189-196, 198 lingvistică 18, 84 litere schematice 19 logică ~ de ordinul al doilea (LOII) 52, 57, 65-66, 69-70, 76-77, 79, 123 ~ de ordinul al doilea mona dica predicativă 76, 78 ~ de ordinul întâi 22-23, 44, 58,123,150-151,191,198-199 ~ filosofică 15-16, 48, 52,119, 151, 175, 189 ~ liberă 150-151 ~ liberă negativă 146, 152, 155, 160 ~ liberă neutră 161 ~ liberă pozitivă 152,155,157, 160 ~ matematică 13, 22, 52, 54, 79, 82,117-118,130,187,189 ~ modală 51-57, 59, 66, 68, 79, 115 ~ simbolică 13, 118 Lowe, Jonathan 43 lume 16, 26-28, 40-42, 58, 61, 65,68,73-74,83,100-101,105, 107-108, 113-116, 157, 203 ~ posibilă 23, 40, 48, 50, 54, 60, 66, 68, 113 maşină Turing 82, 90, 96-97, 99 materialism 102, 104, 108-109, 112 ~ de tip A 108 ~ de tip В 108-111 ~ eliminativist 85-86,106-107 ~ reductionist (teoria
identi tăţii) 84 matrice 122-123 McDowell, John 146, 149 menţionare 121 metafilosofie 202, 204 metafizică 15, 23-24, 27-29, 4245, 48, 51, 83-84, 102, 106, 113, 205, 210-211 ~ a modalităţilor 29 metafore 209 metalimbaj 27, 147
INDEX metalogică modală 57 metodologie a filosofiei 204, 210, 213 Meyer, Robert К. 155 millianism 143-146, 150, 163164, 171 minte 81-86, 90-100, 102, 104, 109, 112, 116, 201, 212 minţi Gödel 82, 90, 96 Mitrana, Victor 81 modalitate 15, 29, 34, 39-40, 4649, 51, 53-54, 77, 149 modalităţi 15, 39-41, 45, 47-49, 51, 53, 77, 84, 93, 115, 125, 133, 135-137, 139, 149-150, 155, 159, 164, 169, 171, 175, 180, 184, 189, 194, 206 model (vezi şi teoria modelelor) 51-52, 58-60, 63-65, 67-68, 73-74, 78, 114, 116, 131, 134, 138-139, 153-160, 200 ~ general 62, 66, 138 -Henkin 74-75 —Kripke 57, 74 Modus portens 56, 59, 120 monism metodologic 212 Montague, Richard 174 Morscher, Edgar 152n Mureşan, Valentin 13, 51 Nagel, Thomas 89, 101, 104 Naming and Necessity 112 naturalizare a filosofiei 205-207 necesitate ~ alethică 54-55 ~ analitică 23-24, 45, 47 ~ de dicto 45 ~ de re 45, 47 ~ logică 13-14, 20, 23, 25, 36, 43, 45, 47 - metafizică 14, 24, 29, 39, 43-45, 47, 49-50 227 ~ naturală 14, 39 ~ normativă 14, 39, 44, 49 neuralism 82, 90 neuroştiinţe 82, 86 Newton, Isaac 208 nonexistenţă 76, 86, 143, 154, 166-168’ nonsens 27-28 notaţia Russell-Peano 118 n-tupluri ordonate 74, 134 nume 17, 38, 48, 113, 121, 125, 134, 143-145, 147-149, 161165, 168-172, 175-179, 184186 „Cicero” 176-177, 179, 184186 „Hamlet” 145, 161-162, 171 „Moş Crăciun” 145 „Pegasus” 171 „Tullius” 176-177, 179, 184186 „Vulcan” 145, 161, 167-171 obiect 17, 24, 26, 28, 37-42, 4548,96,105,115,123,125-129, 134, 149, 154, 161, 165-167, 169, 172, 183, 185-186, 189, 197 ~ nonexistent 154, 166 ~ simplu 17, 26, 38 omologi incongruenţi (la
Kant) 30 On Denoting 124 ontologie 51-52, 123, 151 paradigmă cognitivista 212 paradox ~ logico-semantic 135 ~ set-teoretic 125-126 paralelism ~ psihofizic 90, 93-94 ~ psihoneural 82, 93-95
228 INDEX Parfit, Derek 210 Pascal, Blaise 208 Pârvu, Ilie 51-52 Peano, G. 118-119, 124, 126 Plantinga, Alvin 42 pompe intuiţionale (intuition pumps) 209 Popa, Cornel 51 Popescu, Dragoş 131, 143, 174 posibilitate metafizică 31, 100, 107, 110-111, 114 predicat 122-123, 138, 151, 154, 180 premisă 13-14, 19-21, 23-24, 77, 106-108, 112-113, 140, 189 Principia Mathematica 54, 117119, 121, 123-125, 128, 130 Prior, Arthur Norman 141 problemă ~ epistemologică 82 ~ minte-corp 82-83, 86, 104 ~ semantică 82, 146, 162 propoziţie ~ atomară 78, 132, 157 ~ compusă 17, 30, 33-34 ~ contingenta 28, 31, 33-35 ~ despre culori 28, 30, 39 ~ elementară 16, 26, 31-33, 35-38 ~ indecidabilă 88 ~ moleculară 17 pseudopropoziţii 27-28 Putnam, Hilary 42, 110, 210 qualia 83, 103, 111 Quine, W.V.O. 40,45-50, 54,117, 119-123, 127, 129, 188, 194, 205 Ramsey, F. 126 raţionament 13-14,19-21, 23, 82, 119, 138, 150, 213 ~ deductiv 13, 213 ~ deductiv contrafactual 213 realism structural 51, 80 realitate 16, 26, 40-41, 52, 85, 92, 101-102, 146, 150 reducere la absurd 209 Reference Without Referents (.RWR) 145-146,150,160,162166, 170-171 referinţă 132,134-135,138,146, 149, 163-164, 172, 178, 185, 211 regulă ~ caracteristică de referire sau de desemnare 189-190 ~ de eliminare 133, 138-139, 141 ~ de inferenţă 76, 132-133 ~ de introducere 133,138-139, 141 ~ primitivă 76 ~ a implicaţiei logice deduc tive 189 relaţie 21, 23, 26, 38-39, 46, 5758, 75-78, 82, 84-85, 95, 104, 109-110, 115-116, 121, 125, 127-129, 132, 146, 163, 175176, 178-179, 181-186, 188, 193-194, 198-199 ~ de coordonare 35, 183 relaţionism semantic
175-176, 178-179, 181, 184, 186 reprezentare 16-17, 26, 86-87, 134, 138, 186 ~ a obiectului ca fiind identic (as being the same) 185-186 ~ а obiectului са identic (as the same) 185-186 Restali, Greg 199 rol referenţial al unui termen singular 197 Russell, Bertrand 15-16, 18-19, 21-22, 48, 117-128, 175, 180, 182, 188, 191
INDEX Sainsbury, Mark 145-150, 160168, 171 Salmon, Nathan 144η sceptic modal 45 semantică 14,16, 22, 44, 48, 5253, 56, 58, 60, 66, 68-69, 73, 75, 79, 82, 113,131-137,141, 146-147, 153-155, 157, 161, 164-165, 171-174, 183-184, 191, 199 ~ cu domeniu interior şi dome niu exterior 156-157 ~ de sprijin (backup semantics) 172 - demonstrativ-teoretică 135136 ~ model-teoretică 137-138,140 ~ relaţionistă 175, 179-180 ~ reprezentaţională 16, 131132, 137, 141 semnificaţie 48, 135, 143, 146148, 161, 172, 174-175, 178, 189, 191-195, 211 sens 17, 25-26, 28, 30, 34, 40, 43, 49, 73, 75, 77, 113-115, 127-129, 149, 163, 165, 167168, 170, 176, 178, 181, 192, 197, 206, 209 Sf. Augustin 134 simbol 18, 26, 55, 71, 73, 77, 86, 98, 118, 121, 124, 154 ~ incomplet 124 Simons, Peter 152 sistem 18, 22-23, 52-56, 61-67, 69-70, 73, 76-77, 79, 83, 8889, 93, 96, 105, 107-108, 114, 116, 120, 132-133, 141, 150, 152-155, 160, 180, 189, 192193, 195, 199, 212 ~ caracterizabil 60, 70 ~ cognitiv 102 ~ complet 60, 69-70, 155 ~ corect 62, 70, 87-88, 133, 155, 199 229 ~ deductiv 59-60, 69, 76, 8788, 133 ~ necaracterizabil 52, 60-61, 79 ~ semantic de logică liberă 152-155 Socaciu, Emanuel-Mihail 201 Socrate 19-20, 24, 46 Solean, Radu 201-203, 205, 210, 212-213 Solomon, Graham 55 Soskova, Mariya 81 spaţiul culorilor 32-36 stare de lucruri 16-17, 26, 31, 33, 38, 40 Strawson, P.F. 187-200 structură ~ formală 26 —model 73-75 superadevărat 160 superrealizabil 160 supervalorizatoare 153,157,160 Surdu, Alexandru 131, 143, 174 Ştefanov, Gheorghe 25, 100 Tarski, Alfred 22, 44, 132, 147, 188 tarskiană 22-23, 44, 135, 180
tautologie 25-26,28-29, 36, 39, 44 teoremă ~ de incompletitudine 79, 8182, 87, 89, 97 ~ de incompletitudine a lui Gödel 79, 81-82, 87, 89-90, 97 ~ modală 70 teorie 26, 44, 52, 54-55, 83-84, 87, 91,119,122-123,127-129, 131, 135-136, 143, 147-148, 163, 170-171, 187, 191, 198, 208, 211 ~ a modalităţii 77 ~ a modelelor 22,44,115,135136, 138, 148, 161, 191
230 INDEX ~ a pretinderii {pretense theory) 171 ~ a referinţei directe 143 ~ a tipurilor 118,125,127-129 ~ formală 55 ~ logică 21, 24,118,121, 123, 131, 187, 198 termen nonreferenţial 144-173 teza lipsei de paralelism dintre conectorii limbajului obişnuit şi omologii lor formali 194 Thomason, S. 60, 67 Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus 13-14, 16, 25-28, 30-33, 3539, 42-44, 134 utilizare 121 Vacariu, Gabriel 100 validitate 13-14, 19, 21, 23, 5758, 65-66, 68, 113, 135, 137138, 155, 161 valoare morală 213 van Fraassen, Bas 160 Van Benthem, J.F.A.K. 60-61 Van Inwagen, Peter 22 variabilă 16, 71-72, 78,122,127128, 180-184 ~ liberă 55, 73, 78 Vasilescu, Cătălin 15 Văduva, Cosmin 13 Vică, Constantin 201 Walton, Ken 171 Wang, Hao 90, 95, 99 Whitehead, A.N. 117-123, 128, 188 Wiggins, David 42, 170 Williams, B. 210 Williamson, Timothy 38, 210 Wittgenstein, Ludwig 13, 16-18, 25-30, 32-33, 35, 37-38, 42, 101, 134, 205, 210 zombi 106-109, 112, 114-115
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Cuprins Cuvânt-înainte (Andrei Pleşu). 11 1. Wittgenstein despre necesitatea logică.13 Câteva precizări preliminare. 13 Formă logică şi necesitate. 15 Conceptul de necesitate în Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus. O examinare critică.25 Necesitatea dincolo de Tractatus. Este oare posibilă o întemeiere a necesităţii metafizice, naturale şi, respectiv, normative?. 39 2. Ilie Pârvu despre realismul structural. Un studiu de caz asupra argumentului convergenţei. 51 Introducere. Delimitarea problemei. 51 Apar modalităţile.53 Câteva noţiuni de baza ale metalogicii modale; cadre şi validitate.57 Sistemul incomplet VB. 61 Ce semnificaţie are acest rezultat de incompletitudine?.65 O explicaţie a incompletitudinii în logica modală.68 încheiere.79 3. Este mintea umană complet algoritmică? Remarci asupra teoremelor de incompletitudine ale lui Gödel . 81 Schiţă a principalelor programe şi răspunsuri la problema minte-corp din filosofia minţii. 83
O succintă prezentare semiformală a teoremelor de incompletitudine ale lui Gödel.87 Comentarii asupra unora dintre ideile filosofice principale susţinute de Gödel.90 Gödel despre minţi şi maşini.90 Gödel despre minte şi materie.93 Maşini Turing vs aşa-numitele „Minţi Gödel”. 96 4. Explicarea conştiinţei fenomenale. Conceptibilitate epistemică şi posibilitate metafizică.100 5. Principia Mathematica după 100 de ani. Un eseu expozitiv. 117 6. Modele şi reguli. Controverse în fundamentele semanticii contemporane.131 Semantică reprezentaţională. 131 Inferenţialism.133 Câteva probleme cu abordarea inferenţialistă.138 7. Semnificaţie, nonexistenţă şi termeni nonreferenţiali. 143 Introducere. 143 Reference Without Referents (RWR). 146 O introducere rapidă şi succintă în logica liberă.151 Reference Without Referents (continuare). 160 Probleme pentru RWR. 163 Care este pasul
următor?. 171 8. Noi perspective asupra compoziţionalităţii. Abordarea relaţionist-semantică a lui Kit Fine asupra semnificaţiei. 174 9. „Expresiile obişnuite nu au o logică exactă şi sistematică”. Remarci asupra contribuţiilor lui P.F. Strawson la teoria logicii. 187
10.Două profiluri ale cercetării filosofice: analiza conceptuală de fotoliu vs filosofia experimentală. Câteva reflecţii pe marginea lui Radu Solean despre studiul experimental al minţii.201 Bibliografie . 215 Index.223
Bibliografie Armstrong, D.M. (1997), A World of States ofAffairs, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Armstrong, D.M. (2004), Truth and Truthmakers, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Beall, J.C., Restali, G. (2006), Logical Pluralism, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Begriffsschrift, F. (1879/1970), „Begriffsschrift, a formula language, modeled upon that of arithmetic, for pure thought”, DOI:10.4159/harvard.9780674864603.c2. Bell, J., DeVidi, D., Solomon, G. (2001), Logical Options: An Introduction to Classical and Alternative Logics, Peterborough: Broadview Press. Bigelow, J. (1988), The Reality of Numbers, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Bonjour, L. (2010), „Against Materialism”, in Robert C. Koons şi George Bealer (eds.), The Waning of Materialism, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Boolos, G. (1993), The Logic ofProvability, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Brandom, R. (2000), Articulating Reasons: An Introduction to Inferentialism, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Brandom, R. (1994), Making It Explicit: Reasoning, Representing, Discursive Commitment, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Braun, D. (1993), „Empty Names”, Nous, voi. 27, nr. 4, pp. 449-469. Chalmers, D. (2003), „Consciousness and its Place in Nature”, in Stephen P. Stich si Ted A. Warfield (eds.), The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Mind, Malden: Blackwell Publishing.
216 BIBLIOGRAFIE Church, A. (1944, 1956, 1996), Introduction to Mathematical Logic, Princeton: Princeton University Press. Churchland, P.M. (2013), Matter and Consciousness, Cambridge: The MIT Press. Copi, I.M., Gould, J.A. (eds.) (1967), Contemporary Readings in Logical Theory, New York: The Macmillan Company. Davidson, D. (1967), „Truth and Meaning”, Synthese, vol. 17, որ. 1, pp. 304-323; retipărit în Donald Davidson (1984). Davidson, D. (1980), Essays on Actions and Events, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Davidson, D. (1984), „Thought and Talk”, ín Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Davidson, D. (1984), Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Dennett, D.C. (2013), Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking, Londra: Penguin Books. Dumitru M. (1996), „Should Modal Operators Be Interpreted As Quantifiers Over Possible Worlds?”, Revue Roumaine de Philosophie, vol. 40, որ. 3-4, pp. 247-262. Dumitru, M. (2001), Modalitate şi incompletitudine, Bucureşti: Paideia. Dumitru, M. (2002), „Conceptul de necesitate în Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus”, în Mircea Flonta, Gheorghe Ştefanov (editori), Ludwig Wittgenstein în filosofia secolului XX, Iaşi: Polirom, pp. 19-28. Dumitru, M. (2015), „Logical Form”, în Cătălin Vasilescu, Maria-Luisa Flonta, Ioana Crăciun (eds.), On Form and Pattern, Bucureşti: Editura Academiei Române, pp. 11-16. Dumitru, M., Kroon, F. (2008), „What to Say When There Is Nothing to Talk about”, Critica, vol. 40, որ. 120, pp. 97-109. Dummett, M. (1973), Frege’s Philosophy of Language, New York: Harper Row. Dummett,
M. (1982), „Realism”, Synthese, vol. 52, որ. 1, pp. 55-112. Engel, P. (2002), Truth, Chesham: Acumen. Evans, G. (1982), The Varieties ofReference, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
BIBLIOGRAFIE 217 Everett, A.J., Hofweber, T. (eds.) (2000), Empty Names, Fiction, and the Puzzles of Non-Existence, Stanford: CSLI Publications. Feyerabend, P.K. (1978), Science in a Free Society, Londra: Verso Books. Fine, K. (1975), „Vagueness, Truth, and Logic”, Synthese, vol. 30, որ. 3/4, pp. 265-300. Fine, К. (1985), „Plantinga on the Reduction of Possibilist Discourse”, in J.E. Tomberlin, P. van Inwagen (eds.), Alvin Plantinga, Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing, pp. 145-186. Fine, К. (2003), „The Role of Variables”, Journal of Philosophy, vol. 100, որ. 12, pp. 605-631. Fine, К. (2005), Modality and Tense՛. Philosophical Papers, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Fine, K. (2009), Semantic Relationism, New York: WileyBlackwell. Fine, K. (2011), „The Silence of the Lambdas”, interviu de James Garvey, The Philosophers’ Magazine, pp. 19-27. Flonta, M. (2008), Gânditorul singuratic. Critica şi practica filosofici la Ludwig Wittgenstein, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Flonta, M., Ştefanov, Ghe. (editori) (2002), Ludwig Wittgenstein în filosofia secolului XX, Iaşi: Polirom. Fogelin, R.J. (1976, 1987), Wittgenstein, ediţia a II-а, Londra, New York: Routledge. Forbes, G. (1985), The Metaphysics of Modality, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Forbes, G. (2005), An Introduction to Modal Logic, manuscris nepublicat. Garson, J.W. (2013), What Logics Mean: From Proof Theory to Model-Theoretic Semantics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Gentzen, G. (1969), „Investigation into Logical Deduction”, ín M. Szabo (ed.), The Collected Papers of Gerhard Gentzen, Amsterdam: North-Holland, pp. 68-131. Gödel, K. (1929,
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218 BIBLIOGRAFIE Godei, К. (1930, 1986), „The completeness of the axioms of the functional calculus of logic”, ín Collected Works, voi. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Gödel, K. (1931, 1986), „On formally undecidable propositions of Principia Mathematica and related systems I”, ín Collected Works, voi. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Gutting, G. (2015), What Philosophy Can Do, New York: W.W. Norton Company. Harris, H. (1995), „An Experimentalist Looks at Identity”, in Henry Harris (ed.), Identity, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Hintikka, J. (2000a), On Gödel, Wadsworth: Thomson Learning. Hintikka, J. (2000b), On Wittgenstein, Wadsworth: Thomson Learning. Hughes, G.E., Cresswell, M.J. (1984), A Companion to Modal Logic, Londra: Methuen. Hughes, G.E., Cresswell, M.J. (1996), A New Introduction to Modal Logic, Londra: Routledge. Humberstone, L. (1981), „From Worlds to Possibilities”, The Journal of Philosophical Logic, voi. 10, pp. 313-339. Jackson, F. (1986), „What Mary Didn’t Know”, The Journal of Philosophy, voi. 83, nr. 5, pp. 291-295. Jackson, F. (1998), „Reference and Descriptions Revisited”, Philosophical Perspectives, voi. 12, pp. 201-218. Kitcher, P. (2001), Science, Truth, and Democracy, New York: Oxford University Press. Kitcher, P. (2011), Science in a Democratic Society, Prometheus Books, Kindle Edition. Knobe, J., Nichols, S. (eds.) (2013), Experimental Philosophy, voi. 1-2, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kripke, S. (1971), „Identity and Necessity”, in Milton K. Munitz (ed.), Identity and Individuation, New York: New York University Press. Kripke, S. (1972,
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BIBLIOGRAFIE 219 Kuhn, T. (1981), „A Function for Thought Experiments”, în Ian Hacking (ed.), Scientific Revolutions, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 6-27. Leblanc, H. (1982), Existence, Truth, and Provability, Albany: State University of New York Press. Leblanc, H., Meyer, R.K. (1970), „On Prefacing (VX)A з A(Y/X) with (VY): A Free Quantification Theory without Identity”, Zeitschrift für matematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, voi. 16, pp. 447-462; retipărit în Hugues Leblanc (1982), pp. 58-75. Leblanc, H., Thomason, R.H. (1968), „Completeness Theorems for some Presupposition-Free Logics”, Fundamenta Mathematicae, voi. 62, pp. 125-164; retipărit în Hugues Leblanc (1982), pp. 22-57. Levine, J. (2001), Purple Haze: The Puzzle of Consciousness, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Lewis, D. (1973/1979), „Possible Worlds”, ín Michael J. Loux (ed.) (1979), pp. 182-190. Lewis, D. (1983), „Anselm and Actuality”, ín Philosophical Papers, voi. 1, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 10-25. Lewis, D. (1986), On the Plurality of Worlds, Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Loux, M.J. (ed.) (1979), The Possible and the Actual, Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Martinich, A.P. (ed.) (1985,1990), The Philosophy of Language, ediţia a II-а, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Martinich, A.P., Sosa, D. (eds.) (2006), A Companion to Analytic Philosophy, Oxford: Blackwell. Morscher, E., Hieke, A. (eds.) (2001), New Essays in Free Logic: In Honour of Karel Lambert, Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Morscher, E., Simons, P. (2001), „Free Logic: A Fifty-Year Past and an Open Future”, ín Edgar
Morscher, Alexander Hieke (eds.) (2001), pp. 1-34. Nagel, E., Newman, J.R. (1958), Gödel ’s Proof, New York: Routledge.
220 BIBLIOGRAFIE Nagel, T. (1974), „What Is It Like to Be a Bat?”, Philosophical Review, voi. 83, nr. 4. Nagel, T. (1979), Mortal Questions, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Nagel, T. (1991), Equality and Partiality, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Nozick, R. (1974), Anarchy, State, and Utopia, Oxford: Blackwell. Nussbaum, M.C. (2010), Not for Profit: Why Democracy Needs the Humanities?, Oxford: Princeton University Press. Pârvu, I. (1990), Arhitectura existenţei, vol. I, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Pears, D.D. (1987, 1988), The False Prison: A Study of the Development of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy, voi. I-II, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Plantinga, A. (1979), „Actualism and Possible Worlds”, in M.J. Loux (ed.) (1979), pp. 253-274. Prior, A.N. (1960), „The Runabout Inference-Ticket”, Analysis, voi. 21, pp. 38-39. Prior, A.N., Eit, F. (1977), Worlds, Times, and Selves, Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press. Putnam, H. (1975/1994), „The Meaning of «Meaning»”, in Robert M. Harnish (ed.), Basic Topics in the Philosophy of Language, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. Putnam, H. (2012), Philosophy in an Age of Science, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Putnam, H. (2012), „Capabilities and Two Ethical Theories”, in Philosophy in an Age of Science, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, pp. 299-311. Quine, W.V.O. (1955), „Three Grades of Modal Involvement”, Journal of Symbolic Logic, voi. 20, nr. 2, pp. 168-169. Quine, W.V.O. (1966, 1995), „Whitehead and the Rise of Modern Logic (1941)”, in Selected Logic Papers. Enlarged Edition, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, pp. 3-36.
Quine, W.V.O. (1976), „Mr. Strawson on Logical Theory”, in The Ways ofParadox and Other Essays, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, pp. 137-157.
BIBLIOGRAFIE 221 Russell, В. (1908/1967), „Mathematical Logic as based on the Theory of Types”, ín Irving M. Copi, James A. Gould (eds.) (1967), pp. 135-153. Russell, B. (1940), An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth, Londra: George Allen Unwin. Russell, B. (1948), Human Knowledge: Its Scope and Limits, Londra: George Allen Unwin. Russell, B. (1959), My Philosophical Development, Londra: George Allen Unwin. Russell, B. (1993), Our Knowledge of the External World, Londra: Routledge. Russell, В. (2013), Cunoaşterea lumii exterioare, traducere de Drăgan Stoianovici, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Sainsbury, R. (2005), Reference Without Referents, Oxford: Clarendon Press. Salmon, N. (1998), „Nonexistence”, Nous, vol. 32, որ. З, pp. 277-319. Sellars, W. (1963), Science, Perception, and Reality, Londra: Routledge Kegan Paul. Sellars, W. (1963), „Philosophy and the Scientific Image of Man”, ín Science, Perception, and Reality, Londra: Routledge Kegan Paul. Smith, P. (2013), An Introduction to Gödel’s Theorems, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Snowdon, P.F. (2006), „P.F. Strawson”, in Aloysius P. Martinich, David Sosa (eds.) (2006), pp. 334-349. Soames, S. (2002), Beyond Rigidity, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Solean, R. (2012), Filosofia ştiinţelor umane: o introducere, Bucureşti: Editura Universităţii din Bucureşti. Stalnaker, R.C. (1979), „Possible Worlds”, în Michael J. Loux (ed.) (1979), pp. 225-235. Strawson, P.F. (1952), Introduction to Logical Theory, Londra: Methuen. Szabo M. (ed.) (1969), The Collected Papers of Gerhard Gentzen, Amsterdam: North-Holland.
222 BIBLIOGRAFIE Taylor, К. (2000), „Emptiness Without Compromise”, în Anthony J. Everett, Thomas Hofweher (eds.) (2000), pp. 17-36. Tieszen, R. (2011), After Gödel: Platonism and Rationalism in Mathematics and Logic, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Tomberlin, J.E., van Inwagen, P. (eds.) (1985), Alvin Plantinga, Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing. Urquhart, A. (2013), „Principia Mathematica: The First 100 Years”, ín Nicholas Griffin, Bernard Linski (eds.), The Paigrave Centenary Companion to Principia Mathematica, New York: Paigrave Macmillan, pp. 3-20. Van Benthem, J.F.A.K. (1978), „Two Simple Incomplete Modal Logics”, Theoria, voi. XLIV, partea I. van Fraassen, B. (1966), „The Completeness of Free Logic”, Zeitschrift für Matematische Logik und Grundlagen der Mathematik, voi. 12, pp. 219-234. van Inwagen, P. (2014), Existence:Essays in Ontology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Walton, К (1990), Mimesis as Make-Believe, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Wang, H. (1996), A Logical Journey: From Godei to Philosophy, Cambridge: The MIT Press. Whitehead, A.N. (1902), „On cardinal numbers”, American Journal of Mathematics, p. 367, apud WVO. Quine (1966, 1995), Selected Logic Papers. Enlarged Edition, Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Whitehead, A.N., Russell, B. (1997), Principia Mathematica to *56, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Williamson, T. (1994), Vagueness, Londra: Routledge. Wittgenstein, L. (1961, 1974), Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Londra: Routledge. Wittgenstein, L. (2001), Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, tra ducere de Mircea Dumitru şi Mircea
Flonta, Bucureşti: Humanitás. Wittgenstein, L. (2004), Cercetări filosofice, traducere de Mircea Dumitru şi Mircea Flonta, în colaborare cu Adrian-Paul Iliescu, Bucureşti: Humanitás.
Index Ackermann, W. 122 acţiune 14, 85, 165, 213 adevăr 20-21, 24, 58, 88, 91,107, 111, 121, 125, 128-129, 132133, 135-136, 138, 140-141, 143, 147-148, 151, 154, 189190, 196-197 algoritm 96-97 analiză 15, 17-18, 21-22, 30, 41, 48, 54, 59, 84, 97, 105, 110, 115, 118, 166, 182, 187-188, 190-191, 198, 201-202, 204206, 208, 210-211 ~ conceptuală de fotoliu 201, 213 -logică 17-18, 22, 187, 190, 198 analogie 180, 184, 209 argument al conceptibilităţii (modal) 105-107, 109, 111 ~ al convergenţei 51-53, 7980 ~ al cunoaşterii 105 ~ al explicaţiei 105 ֊ valid 97-98, 112, 118 Arhitectura existenţei 52 aritmetică 54-56, 87, 89 atitudini propoziţionale 85-86, 140 atribut 23, 44, 122-123 Bayes, Thomas 208 Beall, Jeffrey C. 199 Beckmann, Arnold 81 Begriffsschrift 117 behaviorism filosofìe 84-85 Bell, John 55 Bernays, P. 120 BonJour, Laurence 103-104 Boolos, G. 55 Brandom, Robert 137-138 cadre 52, 56-57, 59-62, 65-67, 70, 75, 77 —Kripke 52, 57, 60-62, 67, 73-75 ~ recesive 63-64 Cantor, G. 119, 125-126 caracter 43, 91, 97,103-104, 161, 163, 192, 194, 198, 207 - semantic intrinsec 176 ~ semantic relaţional 161 Cercetări filosofice 37, 134-135 cerinţă prezumtivă 173 Chalmers, David 101 Church, Alonzo 17-18 completitudine a formulei 77 compoziţionalitate 175-186 computabilism 82, 90, 98 conceptibilitate epistemică 100, 105-107, 109-111, 114 concepţie - demonstrativ-teoretică despre semnificaţie 131 ~ model-teoretică despre sem nificaţie 131
224 INDEX concluzie 13-15,19-21, 23-24, 91, 97, 106, 113, 189 condiţii de adevăr 132, 143, 148, 150, 161, 163 conectori propoziţionali 22, 71, 134, 139 consecinţă ~ deductivă 69, 76-77 ~ semantică 59,69-70, 75,140, 199 constante logice 26,133-134,138, 191-193 conştiinţă fenomenală 100, 102ЮЗ, 105 Crăciun, Ioana 15 Cresswell, M.J. 67 cuantificator 22, 66, 68, 71, 122123, 150-152, 155 cunoaştere 16,19,22,82,91,100, 105-106, 109, 125, 163-164, 186, 204-208, 211, 213 ~ prin descriere (knowledge by description) 125 ~ prin familiarizare {knowledge by acquaintance) 125 Davidson, D. 146-148, 163 decidabil 59, 89, 93-94 definiţie contextuală 124 demonstrabilitate 54-56, 79 condiţii de ~ Hilbert-BemaysLöb 55 Dennett, Daniel 208-209 denotat 132, 136 Descartes, René 93, 208 descripţii definite 21, 48-49, 123124, 162, 191 designator rigid 48, 113 DeVìdi, David 55 diferenţă ~ cognitivă 177, 179 ~ semantică 176-179, 181, 184, 186 Dilthey, Wilhem 212 discurs 16, 18-19, 22, 43, 133, 138, 143, 150, 170, 172, 187188, 190, 192, 196-199, 206, 212 distincţie ~ a spune şi a arăta 27 ~ utilizare-menţionare (use-mention) 121 dualism 84, 93, 105, 108-109 ~ metodologic 212 Dummett, Michael 138-139 Dumnezeu 43 Ebbinghaus, Hermann 212 Einstein, Albert 209 eliminativist modal 45 enunţ 17, 43-44, 107, 110-111, 113, 125, 128, 132, 143-148, 152, 162-163, 165, 167-171, 176, 189, 196, 198 etichete 61, 209 Evans, Gareth 171 exemple 19, 63, 95, 97,116,141, 149, 165, 194-195, 198, 203, 209 experiment mintal 105,204,206210, 213 ֊ Mary 105-106, 109 explanandum pentru funcţii com portamentale şi cognitive 102
extensiune 74, 134, 197 extindere conservatoare 78 fals 21, 121, 125, 128-129, 154, 190, 196 filosofie 17-18, 22, 24, 28, 31, 43, 47, 51, 95, 100, 119, 129130, 134, 143, 174-176, 191, 202-206 ~ a matematicii 51, 82, 118119
INDEX ~ a minţii 81-83, 103, 116, 204-205, 210-213 ~ analitică 17-18,40,43,204205, 208, 213 ~ de birou sau de fotoliu (iarm-chair philosophy) 206207, 211 ~ experimentală 201-213 Fine, Kit 23-24, 38, 40, 42, 4450,60,145,171-172,174-175, 178, 185, 210 fizicalism 82, 90 Flonta, Maria-Luisa 15 Flonta, Mircea 25, 201 Forbes, Graeme 42 formă ~ logică 13-19, 21-24, 44-46, 194, 199, 209 ~ propoziţională 16 Frege, G. 117,120-122,124,126, 174-176, 178-179, 186, 188 fregeanism 146 funcţie - de interpretare parţială 153157, 161 ~ de interpretare totală 153157, 161 ~ de valorizare parţială 153157, 161 ~ de valorizare totală 153157, 161 ~ logică 134 funcţionalism 85, 87, 106 funcţionare logică a limbajului 188 Galileo Galilei 209 Garson, J.W. 136-137 Gentzen, G. 133, 139 Georgescu, Ştefan-Dominic 131, 143, 174 Gettier, Edmund 210 225 Gödel, Kurt 54-55, 79, 81-83, 8799, 141, 188 goluri de valorizare (truth-value gaps) 196-197 Gramatica Montague 174 Harris, Henry 115 Henkin, L. 66 hermeneutică 199, 212 Hieke, Alexander 151 Hilbert, David 62, 91, 122, 188 Hintikka, J. 53 Hughes, G.E. 67 identitate 22-24,43,46,109-111, 113, 123-124, 150, 175-179, 181, 184 ~ referenţială 177-178 Identity and Necessity 112 Iliescu, Adrian-Paul 13 incompletitudine 51-52, 54, 56,57,61-62,64-70, 73, 75-77, 79, '81-82, 87, 89-91, 97,101,141 ~ gödelianä (vezi şi teoremă) 54, 79, 81-82, 87, 89-90, 141 ~ semantică 52, 56-57, 141 indexical 48, 147, 197 inferenţialism 133-140 instabilitatea valorilor de adevăr 197 inteligenţă artificială 82 intenţionalitate 102, 104 interpretare 14, 22, 31-34, 44, 52, 67, 69, 71,
74-75, 78-79, 88, 110, 113, 119, 131-132, 134, 136, 146, 147, 155, 163, 169-170, 192, 195, 199-200 intrinsecalitate 184 intuiţii 39,41-42,91-92,125,161, 178-179, 206-207, 211-213 izomorfism 16-17, 27
226 INDEX Jackson, Frank 105, 164 judecată 18, 31, 40, 64, 129, 140 ~ admisibilă 64 ~ sintetică a priori 30 Kant, Immanuel 18, 30, 203 Kripke, Saul 42, 48, 50, 53, 60, 110-113, 116, 143, 165, 176, 188, 210 Kuhn, Thomas 209 Le Verrier, Urbain 169-170 Leblanc, Hugues 155, 157 legătură ~ cognitivă 177 ~ referenţială 177-179 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von 11, 92, 208 Levine, Joseph 104 Lewis, C.I. 53, 120 Lewis, David 40, 42 libertate 43, 211 limbaj 14-19, 21-23, 25-27, 40, 44, 51, 53-55, 57, 66, 68-71, 73, 76-78, 84, 101, 119, 120, 124, 128-129, 131-135, 146147, 150, 174-176, 180-183, 186-200, 205 ~ formal 124, 191, 194-195, 198 ~ formalizat 17-18, 23, 44 ~ natural 18-19, 22,120,134, 146-147,187,189-196,198-199 ~ obiect 147 ~ (şi limbi) naturale 18-19, 22, 120, 134, 146-147, 187, 189-196, 198 lingvistică 18, 84 litere schematice 19 logică ~ de ordinul al doilea (LOII) 52, 57, 65-66, 69-70, 76-77, 79, 123 ~ de ordinul al doilea mona dica predicativă 76, 78 ~ de ordinul întâi 22-23, 44, 58,123,150-151,191,198-199 ~ filosofică 15-16, 48, 52,119, 151, 175, 189 ~ liberă 150-151 ~ liberă negativă 146, 152, 155, 160 ~ liberă neutră 161 ~ liberă pozitivă 152,155,157, 160 ~ matematică 13, 22, 52, 54, 79, 82,117-118,130,187,189 ~ modală 51-57, 59, 66, 68, 79, 115 ~ simbolică 13, 118 Lowe, Jonathan 43 lume 16, 26-28, 40-42, 58, 61, 65,68,73-74,83,100-101,105, 107-108, 113-116, 157, 203 ~ posibilă 23, 40, 48, 50, 54, 60, 66, 68, 113 maşină Turing 82, 90, 96-97, 99 materialism 102, 104, 108-109, 112 ~ de tip A 108 ~ de tip В 108-111 ~ eliminativist 85-86,106-107 ~ reductionist (teoria
identi tăţii) 84 matrice 122-123 McDowell, John 146, 149 menţionare 121 metafilosofie 202, 204 metafizică 15, 23-24, 27-29, 4245, 48, 51, 83-84, 102, 106, 113, 205, 210-211 ~ a modalităţilor 29 metafore 209 metalimbaj 27, 147
INDEX metalogică modală 57 metodologie a filosofiei 204, 210, 213 Meyer, Robert К. 155 millianism 143-146, 150, 163164, 171 minte 81-86, 90-100, 102, 104, 109, 112, 116, 201, 212 minţi Gödel 82, 90, 96 Mitrana, Victor 81 modalitate 15, 29, 34, 39-40, 4649, 51, 53-54, 77, 149 modalităţi 15, 39-41, 45, 47-49, 51, 53, 77, 84, 93, 115, 125, 133, 135-137, 139, 149-150, 155, 159, 164, 169, 171, 175, 180, 184, 189, 194, 206 model (vezi şi teoria modelelor) 51-52, 58-60, 63-65, 67-68, 73-74, 78, 114, 116, 131, 134, 138-139, 153-160, 200 ~ general 62, 66, 138 -Henkin 74-75 —Kripke 57, 74 Modus portens 56, 59, 120 monism metodologic 212 Montague, Richard 174 Morscher, Edgar 152n Mureşan, Valentin 13, 51 Nagel, Thomas 89, 101, 104 Naming and Necessity 112 naturalizare a filosofiei 205-207 necesitate ~ alethică 54-55 ~ analitică 23-24, 45, 47 ~ de dicto 45 ~ de re 45, 47 ~ logică 13-14, 20, 23, 25, 36, 43, 45, 47 - metafizică 14, 24, 29, 39, 43-45, 47, 49-50 227 ~ naturală 14, 39 ~ normativă 14, 39, 44, 49 neuralism 82, 90 neuroştiinţe 82, 86 Newton, Isaac 208 nonexistenţă 76, 86, 143, 154, 166-168’ nonsens 27-28 notaţia Russell-Peano 118 n-tupluri ordonate 74, 134 nume 17, 38, 48, 113, 121, 125, 134, 143-145, 147-149, 161165, 168-172, 175-179, 184186 „Cicero” 176-177, 179, 184186 „Hamlet” 145, 161-162, 171 „Moş Crăciun” 145 „Pegasus” 171 „Tullius” 176-177, 179, 184186 „Vulcan” 145, 161, 167-171 obiect 17, 24, 26, 28, 37-42, 4548,96,105,115,123,125-129, 134, 149, 154, 161, 165-167, 169, 172, 183, 185-186, 189, 197 ~ nonexistent 154, 166 ~ simplu 17, 26, 38 omologi incongruenţi (la
Kant) 30 On Denoting 124 ontologie 51-52, 123, 151 paradigmă cognitivista 212 paradox ~ logico-semantic 135 ~ set-teoretic 125-126 paralelism ~ psihofizic 90, 93-94 ~ psihoneural 82, 93-95
228 INDEX Parfit, Derek 210 Pascal, Blaise 208 Pârvu, Ilie 51-52 Peano, G. 118-119, 124, 126 Plantinga, Alvin 42 pompe intuiţionale (intuition pumps) 209 Popa, Cornel 51 Popescu, Dragoş 131, 143, 174 posibilitate metafizică 31, 100, 107, 110-111, 114 predicat 122-123, 138, 151, 154, 180 premisă 13-14, 19-21, 23-24, 77, 106-108, 112-113, 140, 189 Principia Mathematica 54, 117119, 121, 123-125, 128, 130 Prior, Arthur Norman 141 problemă ~ epistemologică 82 ~ minte-corp 82-83, 86, 104 ~ semantică 82, 146, 162 propoziţie ~ atomară 78, 132, 157 ~ compusă 17, 30, 33-34 ~ contingenta 28, 31, 33-35 ~ despre culori 28, 30, 39 ~ elementară 16, 26, 31-33, 35-38 ~ indecidabilă 88 ~ moleculară 17 pseudopropoziţii 27-28 Putnam, Hilary 42, 110, 210 qualia 83, 103, 111 Quine, W.V.O. 40,45-50, 54,117, 119-123, 127, 129, 188, 194, 205 Ramsey, F. 126 raţionament 13-14,19-21, 23, 82, 119, 138, 150, 213 ~ deductiv 13, 213 ~ deductiv contrafactual 213 realism structural 51, 80 realitate 16, 26, 40-41, 52, 85, 92, 101-102, 146, 150 reducere la absurd 209 Reference Without Referents (.RWR) 145-146,150,160,162166, 170-171 referinţă 132,134-135,138,146, 149, 163-164, 172, 178, 185, 211 regulă ~ caracteristică de referire sau de desemnare 189-190 ~ de eliminare 133, 138-139, 141 ~ de inferenţă 76, 132-133 ~ de introducere 133,138-139, 141 ~ primitivă 76 ~ a implicaţiei logice deduc tive 189 relaţie 21, 23, 26, 38-39, 46, 5758, 75-78, 82, 84-85, 95, 104, 109-110, 115-116, 121, 125, 127-129, 132, 146, 163, 175176, 178-179, 181-186, 188, 193-194, 198-199 ~ de coordonare 35, 183 relaţionism semantic
175-176, 178-179, 181, 184, 186 reprezentare 16-17, 26, 86-87, 134, 138, 186 ~ a obiectului ca fiind identic (as being the same) 185-186 ~ а obiectului са identic (as the same) 185-186 Restali, Greg 199 rol referenţial al unui termen singular 197 Russell, Bertrand 15-16, 18-19, 21-22, 48, 117-128, 175, 180, 182, 188, 191
INDEX Sainsbury, Mark 145-150, 160168, 171 Salmon, Nathan 144η sceptic modal 45 semantică 14,16, 22, 44, 48, 5253, 56, 58, 60, 66, 68-69, 73, 75, 79, 82, 113,131-137,141, 146-147, 153-155, 157, 161, 164-165, 171-174, 183-184, 191, 199 ~ cu domeniu interior şi dome niu exterior 156-157 ~ de sprijin (backup semantics) 172 - demonstrativ-teoretică 135136 ~ model-teoretică 137-138,140 ~ relaţionistă 175, 179-180 ~ reprezentaţională 16, 131132, 137, 141 semnificaţie 48, 135, 143, 146148, 161, 172, 174-175, 178, 189, 191-195, 211 sens 17, 25-26, 28, 30, 34, 40, 43, 49, 73, 75, 77, 113-115, 127-129, 149, 163, 165, 167168, 170, 176, 178, 181, 192, 197, 206, 209 Sf. Augustin 134 simbol 18, 26, 55, 71, 73, 77, 86, 98, 118, 121, 124, 154 ~ incomplet 124 Simons, Peter 152 sistem 18, 22-23, 52-56, 61-67, 69-70, 73, 76-77, 79, 83, 8889, 93, 96, 105, 107-108, 114, 116, 120, 132-133, 141, 150, 152-155, 160, 180, 189, 192193, 195, 199, 212 ~ caracterizabil 60, 70 ~ cognitiv 102 ~ complet 60, 69-70, 155 ~ corect 62, 70, 87-88, 133, 155, 199 229 ~ deductiv 59-60, 69, 76, 8788, 133 ~ necaracterizabil 52, 60-61, 79 ~ semantic de logică liberă 152-155 Socaciu, Emanuel-Mihail 201 Socrate 19-20, 24, 46 Solean, Radu 201-203, 205, 210, 212-213 Solomon, Graham 55 Soskova, Mariya 81 spaţiul culorilor 32-36 stare de lucruri 16-17, 26, 31, 33, 38, 40 Strawson, P.F. 187-200 structură ~ formală 26 —model 73-75 superadevărat 160 superrealizabil 160 supervalorizatoare 153,157,160 Surdu, Alexandru 131, 143, 174 Ştefanov, Gheorghe 25, 100 Tarski, Alfred 22, 44, 132, 147, 188 tarskiană 22-23, 44, 135, 180
tautologie 25-26,28-29, 36, 39, 44 teoremă ~ de incompletitudine 79, 8182, 87, 89, 97 ~ de incompletitudine a lui Gödel 79, 81-82, 87, 89-90, 97 ~ modală 70 teorie 26, 44, 52, 54-55, 83-84, 87, 91,119,122-123,127-129, 131, 135-136, 143, 147-148, 163, 170-171, 187, 191, 198, 208, 211 ~ a modalităţii 77 ~ a modelelor 22,44,115,135136, 138, 148, 161, 191
230 INDEX ~ a pretinderii {pretense theory) 171 ~ a referinţei directe 143 ~ a tipurilor 118,125,127-129 ~ formală 55 ~ logică 21, 24,118,121, 123, 131, 187, 198 termen nonreferenţial 144-173 teza lipsei de paralelism dintre conectorii limbajului obişnuit şi omologii lor formali 194 Thomason, S. 60, 67 Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus 13-14, 16, 25-28, 30-33, 3539, 42-44, 134 utilizare 121 Vacariu, Gabriel 100 validitate 13-14, 19, 21, 23, 5758, 65-66, 68, 113, 135, 137138, 155, 161 valoare morală 213 van Fraassen, Bas 160 Van Benthem, J.F.A.K. 60-61 Van Inwagen, Peter 22 variabilă 16, 71-72, 78,122,127128, 180-184 ~ liberă 55, 73, 78 Vasilescu, Cătălin 15 Văduva, Cosmin 13 Vică, Constantin 201 Walton, Ken 171 Wang, Hao 90, 95, 99 Whitehead, A.N. 117-123, 128, 188 Wiggins, David 42, 170 Williams, B. 210 Williamson, Timothy 38, 210 Wittgenstein, Ludwig 13, 16-18, 25-30, 32-33, 35, 37-38, 42, 101, 134, 205, 210 zombi 106-109, 112, 114-115 |
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| id | DE-604.BV046653319 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T14:17:37Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:50:23Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789734679898 |
| language | Romanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032064502 |
| oclc_num | 1150801815 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 230 Seiten 1 Diagramm |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20220204 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Polirom |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Colecţia Plural M |
| series2 | Colecţia Plural M |
| spelling | Dumitru, Mircea 1960- Verfasser (DE-588)1107196760 aut Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice Mircea Dumitru ; cuvânt-înainte de Andrei Pleşu Iaşi Polirom 2019 230 Seiten 1 Diagramm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Colecţia Plural M 206 Gödel, Kurt 1906-1978 (DE-588)11869569X gnd rswk-swf Pârvu, Ilie 1941- (DE-588)118067703X gnd rswk-swf Wittgenstein, Ludwig 1889-1951 (DE-588)118634313 gnd rswk-swf Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd rswk-swf Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd rswk-swf Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd rswk-swf Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 s Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 s Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 s DE-604 Wittgenstein, Ludwig 1889-1951 (DE-588)118634313 p Pârvu, Ilie 1941- (DE-588)118067703X p Gödel, Kurt 1906-1978 (DE-588)11869569X p Pleşu, Andrei 1948- (DE-588)122017641 wpr Colecţia Plural M 206 (DE-604)BV013398545 206 Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032064502&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032064502&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032064502&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Dumitru, Mircea 1960- Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice Colecţia Plural M Gödel, Kurt 1906-1978 (DE-588)11869569X gnd Pârvu, Ilie 1941- (DE-588)118067703X gnd Wittgenstein, Ludwig 1889-1951 (DE-588)118634313 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)11869569X (DE-588)118067703X (DE-588)118634313 (DE-588)4036202-4 (DE-588)4038936-4 (DE-588)4045791-6 |
| title | Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice |
| title_auth | Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice |
| title_exact_search | Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice |
| title_full | Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice Mircea Dumitru ; cuvânt-înainte de Andrei Pleşu |
| title_fullStr | Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice Mircea Dumitru ; cuvânt-înainte de Andrei Pleşu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lumi ale gândirii zece eseuri logico-metafizice Mircea Dumitru ; cuvânt-înainte de Andrei Pleşu |
| title_short | Lumi ale gândirii |
| title_sort | lumi ale gandirii zece eseuri logico metafizice |
| title_sub | zece eseuri logico-metafizice |
| topic | Gödel, Kurt 1906-1978 (DE-588)11869569X gnd Pârvu, Ilie 1941- (DE-588)118067703X gnd Wittgenstein, Ludwig 1889-1951 (DE-588)118634313 gnd Logik (DE-588)4036202-4 gnd Metaphysik (DE-588)4038936-4 gnd Philosophie (DE-588)4045791-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Gödel, Kurt 1906-1978 Pârvu, Ilie 1941- Wittgenstein, Ludwig 1889-1951 Logik Metaphysik Philosophie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032064502&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032064502&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032064502&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV013398545 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dumitrumircea lumialegandiriizeceeseurilogicometafizice AT plesuandrei lumialegandiriizeceeseurilogicometafizice |