European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans: nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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London ; New York ; Oxford ; New Delhi ; Sydney
I.B. Tauris
2019
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | x, 269 Seiten 20 Illustrationen und Portraits |
| ISBN: | 9781788311045 9780755646234 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents List of Illustrations vi List of Contributors 1 viii War and Revolution: A Balkan Perspective - An Introduction Dimitris Stamatopoulos 2 1 Emulating Petrine Russia: Thick Mechanicism and the Foundations of Government in Istanbul after the Rebellion of 1730 3 Vasilis Molos 37 Military Reforms as a Diplomatic Bargaining Chip: French-Ottoman Relations at the End of the Eighteenth Century Antoaneta Atanasova 5 Evguenia Davidova 93 The Final Phase of the Greek Revolution: Delimitation, Determination and Demarcation of the First Greek Borders in Ottoman Sources 7 Dilek Özkan 111 Pětko Voivoda: A Re-evaluation of Nineteenth-Century Bulgarian Military History Assia Nakova 8 65 Echoes of Tumultuous Wars: Prosperity and Poverty of the Balkan Entrepreneurial Strata (1800s-1880s) 6 19 New Horizons of Political Possibility: Greek Political Imagination after the Russo-Ottoman War of 1768-1774 4 B. Harun Küçük 139 Uprisings, Revolutions and Wars: Visual Representations in the Bulgarian Illustrated Press at the End of the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century 9 Dobrinka Parusheva 149 Under a Gun: Eugen Kumičić on the Austria-Hungarian Occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Klara Volarič 183 10 War, Intellectuals and the Balkan States: French Intellectuals’ Perception of Serbia and Serbs in the Great War 11 Aleksandra Kolaković 199 The New Ottoman Conception of War, State and Society in the Prelude to the First World War Banu Turnaoğlu 219 12 War, Revolution and Diplomacy: The October Revolution of 1917 and the Turkish Anatolian Resistance Movement, 1919-1922 Index Nikos Christofis
243 263
War, Revolution and Diplomacy 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 259 Spector, p. 71-72. Hanioğlu, Ararürfc, p. 105. All quotations from Ibid, p. 105-106. Semyon îvanoviç Aralov, Bir Sovyet Diplomatinin Türkiye Antiart. Istanbul: İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2014, p. 39. Spector, The Soviet Union and the Muslim World, p. 75. Zürcher, Turkey: A Modern History, p. 153. Dumont, ‘ĽAxe Moscou-Ankarai p. 171. Mete Tunçay,‘Mustafa Suphi Öldürülmeseydi Muhtemelen Bakan Olurdu, in Sol Kemalizme Bakıyor, ed. Levent Cinemre and Ruşen Çakır. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 1991, pp. 13-24. As quoted in Rasih Nuri İleri, Atatürk ve Komünizm, p. 280. Bibliography Akai, Emel, Mustafa Kemal, İttihat Terraki ve Bolşevizm. İstanbul: İletişim, 2012. Aralov, Semyon îvanoviç, Bir Sovyet Diplomatinin Türkiye Antiart. İstanbul: İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları, 2014. Bayly, Christopher, The Birth of the Modern World 1780-1914: Global Connections and Comparisons. Oxford: Blackwell, 2004. Beck, Colin J.,‘Ideological Roots of Waves of Revolution] PhD thesis, Stanford University, 2009. Christofis, Nikos,‘The Ottoman Empire in the Aftermath of the October Revolution: Ideological Identification or Realism?’, ITA ΙΣΤΟΡΙΚΑ, 67 (2017), pp. 145-164 [in Greek], Criss, Nur Bilge, Istanbul Under Allied Occupation, 1918-1923. Leiden: Brill, 1999. Criss, Nur Bilge,‘Images of the Early Turkish National Movement (1919-1921)’, in Historical Image of the Turk in Europe: 15th Century to the Present, ed. Mustafa Soykut. Istanbul: Isis Press, 2003, pp. 259-286. Davison, Roderic, ‘Diplomacy from Moudros to Lausanne’, in Essays in Ottoman
and Turkish History, 1774-1923: The Impact of the West. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, 1990, pp. 206-242. d’Encausse, Helene Carrere and Stuart R. Schram, Marxism and Asia. London: Allen Lane, 1969. Dumont, Paul,‘L’Axe Moscou-Ankara: Les Relations Turco-Soviétiques de 1919 a 1922’, in Du Socialisme Ottoman A L’Internationalisme Anatolien. Istanbul: Isis Press, 1997. Edip, Halide, The Turkish Ordeal: Being the Further Memoirs of Halide Edib. New York: Century, 1928. Fowkes, Ben and Bülent Gökay,‘Unholy Alliance: Muslims and Communists - An Introduction’, Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, 25, no. 1 (2009), pp. 1-31. Furet, François, Interpreting the French Revolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. Gelvin, James L., The Arab Uprisings: What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015. Georgeon, François (ed.), ‘L’ivresse de la liberté’. La Révolution de 1908 dans L’Empire Ottomane. Leuven: Peeters, 2012.
260 European Revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans Gökay, Bülent, A Clash ofEmpires: Turkey between Russian Bolshevism and British Imperialism, 1918-1923. London: I.B. Tauris, 1997. Hanioğlu, Şükrü, Preparation for a Revolution: The Young Turks, 1902-1908. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Hanioğlu, Şükrü,‘The Second Constitutional Period, 1908-1918’, in The Cambridge History of Modern Turkey, voi. 4, ed. Reşat Kasaba. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008, pp. 62֊ 111. Hanioğlu, Şükrü, Atatürk: An Intellectual Biography. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011. İleri, Rasih Nuri, Atatürk ve Komünizm. Istanbul: İleri Yayınları, 2005. Jaeschke, Gotthard, Kurtuluş Savaşı ile ilgili İngiliz Belgeleri, voi. II. Istanbul: Cumhuriyet, 2001. Kara, İsmail,‘İslam Düşüncesinde Paradigma Değişimi. Hem Batılılaşahm hem de Müslüman Kalalım’, in Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce, voi. 1 : Tanzimat ve Meşrutiyetin Birikimi, ed. Mehmet O. Alkan. Istanbul: İletişim, 2001, pp. 234-364. Karakışla, Yavuz Selim,‘The Emergence of the Ottoman Working Class, 1839-1923’ in Workers and the Working Class in the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic, 1839-1950, ed. Donald Quataert and Erik J. Zürcher. London: I.B. Tauris, 1995, pp. 19-34. Karlsson, Klas֊Göran, ‘The Young Turks in Power: A Comparative and Critical Perspective’, in Religion, Ethnicity and Contested Nationhood in the Former Ottoman Space, ed. Jørgen S. Nielsen. Leiden: Brill, 2012, pp. 11-28. Kasaba, Reşat, The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy: The Nineteenth Century. New York: State University of New York Press,
1987. Kırmızı, Abdulhamit, ‘After Empire, Before Nation: Competing Ideologies and the Bolshevik Moment of the Anatolian Revolution’, in Revolutions and CounterRevolutions: 1917 and its Aftermath from a Global Perspective, ed. Stefan Rinke and Michael Wildt. Frankfurt: Campus, 2017, pp. 119-139. Kocabaşoğlu, Uygur and Metin Berge, Bolşevik İhtilâli ve Osmanlılar. Istanbul: İletişim, 2006. Lenin, V.I., ‘Events in the Balkans and in Persia! in Lenin Collected Works, voi. 15. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1973, pp. 220-230. Mardin, Şerif, The Genesis of Young Ottoman Thought. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press, 1962. Marx, Karl,‘The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850’, in Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Collected Works, voi. 10. London: Lawrence Wishart, 2010, pp. 45-146. Mishra, Pankaj, From the Ruins of Empire: The Revolt Against the West and the Remaking of Asia. London: Penguin, 2013. Pons, Silvio, The Global Revolution: A History of International Communism, 1917-1991, trans. Allan Cameron. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Reynolds, Michael A., Shattering Empires: The Clash and Collapse of the Ottoman and Russian Empires, 1908-1918. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Riddell, John (ed.), To the Masses: Proceedings of the Third Congress of the Communist International, 1921. Leiden: Brill, 2015. Rinke, Stefan and Michael Wildt,‘Revolutions and Counter Revolutions: An Introduction’, in Revolutions and Counter-Revolutions: 1917 and its Aftermath from a Global Perspective, ed. Stefan Rinke and Michael Wildt. Frankfurt: Campus, 2017, pp. 9-30. Rogan,
Eugene, The Fall of the Ottomans: The Great War in the Middle East. New York: Basic Books, 2015. Şişmanov, Dimitir, Türkiye İşçi ve Sosyalist Hareketi: Kısa Tarihi (1908-1965). İstanbul: Belge Yayınları, 1978.
War, Revolution and Diplomacy 261 Sohrabi, Nader,‘Global Waves, Local Actors: What the Young Turks Knew about Other Revolutions and Why It Mattered’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 44, no. 1 (2002), pp. 45-79. Sohrabi, Nader,‘Revolutions as Pathways to Modernity’, in Remaking Modernity: Politics, History and Sociology, ed. Julia Adams, Elisabeth S. Clemens and Ann Shola OrlofF. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005, pp. 300-332. Sohrabi, Nader, Revolution and Constitutionalism in the Ottoman Empire and Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Spector, Ivar, The Soviet Union and the Muslim World, 1917-1958. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 1959. Stone, Norman, Sergei Podbolotov and Murat Yaşar, ‘The Russians and the Turks: Imperialism and Nationalism in the Era of Empires’, in Imperial Rule, ed. Alexei Miller and Alfred J. Rieber. Budapest: CEU, 2004, pp. 27-46. Suny, Ronald G.,‘The Russian Empire’, in After Empire. Multiethnic Societies and NationBuilding: The Soviet Union and the Russian, Ottoman, and Habsburg Empires, ed. Karen Barkey and Mark von Hagen. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1997, pp. 142-154. Tunçay, Mete,‘Mustafa Suphi Öldürülmeseydi Muhtemelen Bakan Olurdu’, in Sol Kemalizme Bakıyor, ed. Levent Cinemre and Ruşen Çakır. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 1991, pp. 13-24. Worringer, Renée, Ottomans Imagining Japan: East, Middle East, and Non-Western Modernity at the Turn of the Twentieth Century. Basingstoke: Paigrave, 2014. Yenen, Alp, ‘The Other Jihad: Enver Paşa, Bolsheviks, and Politics of Anticolonial Muslim Nationalism during
the Baku Congress 1920’, in The First World War and its Aftermath: The Shaping of the Middle East, ed. T.G. Fraser. London: Gingko Library, 2015, pp. 273-294. Yenen, Alp, ‘The Young Turk Zeitgeist’, in War and Collapse: World War land the Ottoman State, ed. Hakan M. Yavuz. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press, 2016, pp. 1181-1216. Yerasimos, Stefanos, Kurtuluş SavaşTnda Türk-Sovyet İlişkileri 1917-1923. Istanbul: Gözlem, 1979. Zarakol, Ayşe, After Defeat: How the East Learned to Live with the West. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010. Zürcher, Erik J., The Unionist Factor: The Role of the Committee of Union and Progress in the Turkish National Movement 1905-1926. Leiden: Brill, 1984. Zürcher, Erik J., Turkey: A Modern History. London: LB. Tauris, 2004. Zürcher, Erik J.,‘Young Turks, Ottoman Muslims and Turkish Nationalists: Identity Politics, 1908-1938’, in The Young Turk Legacy and Nation Building: From the Ottoman Empire to Ataturk’s Turkey. London: LB. Tauris, 2010, pp. 213-235. Zürcher, Erik J.,‘Introduction: The Ottoman Jihad, the German Jihad and the Sacralization of War’, in Jihad and Islam in World War I, ed. Erik J. Zürcher. Leiden: Leiden University Press, 2016, pp. 13-28. Internet sources Küleğin, A.M., ‘All-Russian Congress of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Soviet Deputies, Second’, Encyclopaedia of St. Petersburg, http://www.encspb.ru/object/2804022647?lc=en Trotsky, Leon,‘The Young Turks’, Kievskaya Mysl, 3 January 1909, in www.marxists.org/ archive/trotsky/1909/01 /1909-turks.htm https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/ works/1919/nov/22.htm
https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1921 /03/08.htm
Index 1848 Revolution 3-6, i5nll A la suite du Gouvernement Serbe de Niš à Corfu (Boppe) 205 Abdul Hamid I, Sultan 78 Abdülhamid II 226,234n50 Abdulkadir Bey 83 Adrianople, siege of 159 Adrianople, Treaty of 5,115,117 Advice to the Youth” (Katartzis) 51-2 Aeon (newspaper) 4-5 Ağaoğlu, Ahmed 228 Ahmed III, Sultan 23,24 Akçura, Yusuf 224,225,228 Akropolis (newspaper) 8-9 Alexander I, Emperor 75 Alexandria, Battle of 84 Ali Tepedelenli of Janina 70,74 Apology (Moisiodax) 42,44,45,46 Aristotle 51,52 amatóles 141-2 Armenian massacre 151-2 army reform. See military reform artisans 20-1,25 Aubert- Dubayet, Jean-Baptiste Annibal. See Dubayet, Jean-Baptiste Annibal Aubert Austria 1,4,5,104,201-2,231 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 12,183-95 Serbian revolts 96 Austro-Hungarian Compromise 184 Austro-Turkish Wars 2 authoritarianism 220-1 Ayan Revolt 94,95-6 Baker, George Philip 122-3 Balkan Wars 156-63,202,204,220,230 Balta Liman։, Treaty of 94,100 banditry haiduk activities 139-46 theoretical background 139-42 Bandits (Hobsbawm) 139-40 Bandits and Bureaucrats (Barkey) 141 Banja Luka 190-3 Barby, Henry 200,202,205-6 Barkey, Karen 141 Battle of Alexandria 84 Bayur, Yusuf Hikmet 219 Bérard, Victor 200,202,204,205,208 Berlin Congress (1878) 102 Birgin, Muhittin 227 Blok, Anton 140 Bolsheviks 3,247,248 Bonneval, Alexander, Comte de 20 Boppe, Auguste 200,205,206 Bosnia and Herzegovina 102 Austria-Hungarian occupation 183-95 “Brigands and State-Building in Modern Egypt” (Brown) 141 Brown, Nathan 141 Brunhes, Jean 204 Bulgaria 103 Bulgarian illustrated press
149-74 Balkan Wars 156-63 Great War 163-71 turn of the century 150-6 Bulgarian military history haiduk activities 139-46 theoretical background 139-42 Bulgarian Uprising 102 Bulgarianness 142,143-4,147nl6 Burke, Peter 149 Callimachi, Alexander 73 Campo-Formio, Treaty of 74 Canip, Ali 223 Canning, Stanford 122,129n29 Cantemir, Dimitrie 25 Cara-Saint-Cyr, Claude 74 cartography 120-1. See also map-making
264 Cavit Bey, Mehmet 227 celali 141 Cemal Palsa 13-14,220,229,230 Central Union 167 Chalükov family 98-9 Chéradame, André 200,202 Chicherin, Georgy 249,250-1,252,253 Choiseul- Goffier, Marie- Gabriel- FlorentAuguste de 66,70,78,79,82 Christian alliance 67 Christianity 5,51,221 Christians 16nl7,16nl8,98,99 Bosnia 187,188 Ottoman army 73 Ottoman-Greek border 114,123 Romioi 90 Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) 223,246,248 communitarianism 48-53 Constantinople Conferences 116-21 constitutionalism 244-5 Couderc, Anne 112 Crete uprising 102 Crimean Tatars 224,225 Crimean War 93,100-2 Croatia 185-6 Ante Starčević 187-8 Eugen Kumičić 188-95 Josip Strossmayer 186-7 Party of Rights 189,190 Croatian lands 184,195n2 Croatian Question 184,186 Dapontes, Kaisarios 39-40 Darwinian law 221 Davud Pasha, Kara 25 de Juchereau de St. Denys, Antoine 69 Denis, Ernest 200,202,205 Descorche-Ste-Croix, Marie 71,75 Divine Providence 40-1 Dochoğlu, Ivan 102 Dubayet, Jean-Baptiste Annibai Aubert 67-8,71-3,80 Dumat, Dushan 81-2 Dutch Republic 46 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 economy 227-8 Edip, Halide 249 Index education 42,68-9,100-1,200-1,205, 206,228,229-30 Egypt banditry 141 France / Napoleon 1,67,68,72,74-5, 84,200 Ottoman Empire 94,99 Eldem, Edhem 153 English-Transvaal War 155 enlightened absolutism 20 entrepreneurs 94-104 Crimean War 100-2 Greek War of Independence 98-9 Kircali and Ayan Revolts 95-6 Russo-Ottoman War 1806-1812 97-8 Russo-OttomanWar 1828-1829 99 Serbian revolts 96-7 tumultuous years of 1875-1878 102-3 Enver Paisa 13,220,229,230,231,249-50, 255 Esat Bey 247 Europe 45,49,52
February Revolution 3-6,15nl 1 Felsefe Mecmuası (Tevfik) 222 Fergo, Pierre 67,81 Ferry, Jules 200 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 222 Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi 221 First World War. See Great War folk songs 208 Fouillée, Alfred 223,224 Foundations of Government in Various Orders (Müteferrika) 19-28 Book 1 26-8 mechanical arts and Russian precedent 24-6 merchants and artisans 20-1 military reform 20,21-2 new order of 1732 23-4 rebellion of 1730 22-3 France February Revolution 3-6 Jihad 248 Ottoman-Greek border 112,114 public opinion towards Serbia 203-4 Franco-Ottoman War 83 Franco-Prussian War 201
Index French intellectuals 199-209 and the Balkans 200-2 cooperation between France and Serbia 202-3 and French public opinion towards Serbia 203-4 support for Serbs in the Great War 204-9 French֊Ottoman relations 65-85 French military experts and the Nizam-i Cedid 78-80 French military experts in the Ottoman army 66-9,81-5 as part of the international political systems 69-77 French press 199,202 French Revolution 243,244,245 Friendship, Treaty of 253 Fuat, Belsir 222 Ganchev, Dobre 102 Gaprinsky, Ismail 224 Garibaldi, Guiseppe 143,145 Gauvain, Auguste 200,204-5 Gavriilidis, Vlassis 8-9 Georgiev brothers 103 German nationalism 201 German thought 222-3,227 Gianitzou 123 Gökalp, Ziya 222,223,224,225-6 Goltz, Colmar von der 221 Goudie coup 1909 7-9 Graditzas 123,124 Great Britain 72,75-7,80,83,84 Cyprus 7 Jihad 248 Ottoman-Greek border 112,113,114, 117,118,119 Great Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 Great War 2-3,219,231 intellectuals 199,200,204-9 visual representations 163-71 Greco-Turkish War 154-5 Greece 4,5,6,253. See also Orlov Revolt banditry 141-2 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 7 French propaganda 73-4,75 Goudie coup 1909 7-8 land redistribution 103 265 Greek political thought 39-42 Dimitros Katartzis 38,48-53,54-5 Iosipos Moisiodax 38,42-8,48-9,54-5, 57n35 Greek Revolution 111-26 border demarcation 122-6,146nl3 Constantinople Conferences 116-21 Greek boundary problem 112-16 Ottoman terminology 121-2 Greek War of Independence 94,98-9 Grigorios Alexandras Ghikas III, Prince of Moldavia 42 Groignard, Antoine 67,81 Guilleminot, Charles 121 haiduks haiduk activities 139-46
theoretical background 139-42 Hakki, Hafiz 220-1,222,228 Hapsburg, House of 4 Haumant, Emile 200,202 Hellenes 43,45,49,50 Helphand, Israel Lazarevich 227 Hindenburg, Paul von 169,179n86 historical continuity 49-50 Hobsbawm, Eric 139-40 Hölderlin, Friedrich 37 humanitarian aid 204-5 Hungarian Revolution 184 Hüseyin Bey 119,120,123 Hyperion oder Der Eremit in Griechenland (Hölderlin) 37 Illustration Light (Ilyustratsiya Svetlina) 150-74 Balkan Wars 156-63 Great War 163-71 turn of the century 150-6 imperial nationalism 6-9 In Praise of the Philosopher (Katartzis) 53 intellectuals 199-209 cooperation between France and Serbia 202-3 French intellectuals and the Balkans 200-2 and French public opinion towards Serbia 203-4 support for Serbs in the Great War 204-9
266 Ishak Bey 81 Islam 5,21,113-14,221,228,247-8. See also Muslims Islamism 225-6,250,252,254 Italy 143,145 Jadidist movement 224 Jakšić, Grgur 202,205 Japan 229,245 Jihad 247-8 Jovanovič, Jovan 206 Kahn, Albert 204 Kalpazanov, Ivan 102 Kapodistrias, Ioannis 115,117,121 Karadjorgje 96 Karastoyanov, Dimitri A. 157,159,173, 178ո54 Karitsa river 125 Karlowitz, Treaty of 113 -14 Kaser, Karl 156 Katartzis, Dimitros 38,48-53,54-5 Kemal, Ali 224 Kemal, Mustafa (Atatürk) 3,248,249,250, 251,252,253,254 Kemal Bey, Ali 223 Khadzhitoshev, Dimitraki 97 Kırcalı Revolt 94,95-6 Kiriakov, Peter 142-3. See aho Pětko Voivoda klephts 141-2 Koffer, Francois 82 Koliopoulos, John 141-2 Kosciuszko, Tadeusz 71 Kosovo 208 Küçük Kaynarca, Treaty of 38,39-42 Kumičić, Eugen 188-95 La Serbie (Bérard) 205 Labbé, Paul 203,205 Lamartine, Alphonse de 15η 11 Lanaux, Pierre 200 land redistribution 103 language 47-8,49,50-2,94,223 Lanux, Pierre 207 Lavisse, Ernest 201 Le Brun, Jacques Balthazard 68-9, 83-4 Lenin, Vladimir 247 Index Lesseps, Jean-Baptiste Barthélemy de 67, 71,81 liberal sensibilities 42-8,57n35 Loiseau, Charles 200,201-2 London, Treaty of 115,119 Louis XVI, King 66,67,70,78 Macedonian uprising 152-4 Mackensen, August von 168,179n85 Magrou, Alphonse-Désiré 208 Mahmud I, Sultan 19,20,23 Mahmud II, Sultan 114,116 Maksudi, Sadri 222-3 Malet, Albert 200,207 map-making 25,120-1 Maritsa (newspaper) 144 Marx, Karl 243 mass psychology 220-1 Mavroyanni, Jean 119-20 mechanical arts 20,24-6 mechanicism, thick 19-20 Meiji Restoration 245 merchants 20-1,94 merchants and artisans 25 Miličevič-Lunjevica,
Nikola 96 militarism 228-9 military reform 20,21-2,26 French military experts and the Nizam-i Cedid 78-80 French military experts in the Ottoman army 66-9,81-5 Mirkovich, Ruscho 103 Mitchell, Thomas 144 Mithat Efendi, Ahmet 222 modern warfare 220-1 Moisiodax, Iosipos 38,42-8,48-9,54-5, 57n35 Moldavia 73,76,82 Moldavia-Wallachia 4,5,6 Moral Philosophy (Ludovico, trans. Moisiodax) 42,44 morale 220-1 Mount Veluchi 123,124 Mousouros, Constantinos 125-6 Mttev, Plamen 73-4 Münif Palsa 222 Muradgeo d’Osson, Ignatius 79 Muslims 27,67,247-8,248-9. See aho Islam Bolsheviks 247-9
Index Bosnia and Herzegovina 185,191,193 business collaborations 104 emigration 103 Ottoman army 73 Ottoman-Greek border 113-14,119,123 Mustafa III, Sultan 78 Müteferrika, İbrahim Foundations of Government in Various Orders 19-28 Nabi Efendi 119 Napoleon Bonaparte 68,73,75-6,84 Napoleonic expansion 94 Napoleonic Wars 1 national economy 227-8 national education 228 nationalism 223-5. See also German nationalism; imperial nationalism nationalist movements 1,3 nationhood 52 natural frontier argument 114,118 Necdet, Ethem 221 Necip Efendi 116 “Negroes” 169 Nelson, Horatio 83 “New Life and New Values” (Gökalp) 224 New Life, New Language 223 New Order (Nizam-i Cedid), Sultan Selim III 78-80,82 New Order of 1732 23-4 Nietzsche, Friedrich 223,224 Nizam i-Cedid 78-80,82 Novakovič, Stojan 202,211ո21 Obrenović, Miloš 96,97 October Revolution 243,247 Olga and Lina (Kumičić) 190 Orlov moment 38,42,48,53-4 Orlov Revolt 37-8,39,40,41,52 Osman Palsa, Topal 20 Ottoman Empire First World War 2-3,219,231 impact of German thought 222-3,227 military clashes seventeenth - twentieth century 1-2 modern warfare 220-1 nationalism 223-5 sovereignty 229-30 state conceptualization 226-9 267 Ottoman-Greek border 111-26 border demarcation 122-6,146nl3 Constantinople Conferences 116-21 Greek boundary problem 112-16 Ottoman terminology 121-2 Ottoman-Prussian Union 69-70 paintings 150-1 Palairet, Michael 103 pamphlets 25 Pan-Turkism 224 Paraphrase to Nicocles (Moisiodax) 43-4, 45 Party of Rights 189,190 Parvus, Alexander 227 patriotism 51,207-8 Pavel I, Emperor 73,74,75 Pazvantoglu of Vidin, Osman 70,
74,75,96 “Peasant and the Brigand, The” (Blok) 140 Pertev Efendi 114,115 Peter the Great 20,23-4,25 Petko Voivoda 144-5 Petmezas, Socrates 99 Petrine Russia 19-20,24-6 philosophy 222,223 photography 152-3,156,157-9,160-2, 165-71,172,173-4,204 Pitrowski, Antoni 150-1 poetry 208 Poland 70-1 political plurality 23-4 popular sovereignty 44 Poros conference 114 portfolio capitalists 94 press. See Bulgarian illustrated press; French press; printing press pre-Tanzimat Period 94-9,104 Prigkos, Ioannis 40-1 primitive rebels 139 printing press 25,26 property transfers 103 psychology 220-1 Rachkov, Khristo 95,98 rebellion of 1730 22-3,25 Recai 227 Reis Efendi 114,115,124 Relsit Paisa, Mustafa 119 republicanism 46
268 Revolution of 1848 3-6,15nl 1 revolutions 1-9,243,244-5 Romania 5 Romioi 38,39-41,49-53 Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor 47 Ruffin, Pierre 74 Rum (Roman, Greek Orthodox) 121-2 Rumistan (Hellas) 121 Russia Black Sea 66 Bosnia and Herzegovina 185,186 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 February Revolution 4,5 First World War 2-3 French-Russian relations 74,75-7 Greek borders 113,114,117 October Revolution 245 Petrine project 19-20,24-6 Poland 70-1 Turkish Anatolian Resistance Movement 246-55 Russian Revolution 1905 154,246 Russian-Ottoman Iasi peace agreement 70 Russo-Japanese War 155 Russo-Ottoman War 1768-1774 38,39-42, 53,54 Russo-Ottoman War 1806-1812 94,97-8 Russo-Ottoman War 1828-1829 94,99 Russo-Ottoman War 1877-1878 102,150 Russo-Swedish War 69 Russo-Turkish Wars 2,114,143,146 Said Halim Paisa 229,231 Saint-Croix, Marie-Louis 70 Sami, Bekir 251 Schopenhauer, Arthur 222 Sebastiani de la Porta, Horace François Bastien 75,76,77 Selim III, Sultan French military experts and the Nizam-i Cedid 78-80,82 French military experts in the Ottoman army 66,67,68,83-4 international political systems 69-77 Semonvil, Charles-Louis de Huge 70 Serbia 3,185 French intellectuals’ perception of 199-209 Serbian folk poetry 208 Index Serbian revolts 94,96-7 Serbo-BulgarianWar 150-1 Sevres, Treaty of 251-2 Seyfeddin, Ömer 222,223 Sharia 229 Sloboda (newspaper) 189 social bandits 139-40 Societies for the Defence of National Rights 248 socio-economic transformations 94-104 Crimean War 100-2 Greek War of Independence 98-9 Kircali and Ayan Revolts 95-6 Russo-Ottoman War 1806-1812 97-8 Russo-Ottoman War
1828-1829 99 Serbian revolts 96-7 tumultuous years of 1875-1878 102-3 South Slavism 186 sovereignty 229 Soviet Union 247-55 Spanish-American War 155 Stalin, Joseph 248 Starčević, Ante 187-8,189 state conceptualization 226-9 Strossmayer, Josip Juraj 185,186-7 Sugar, Peter 95 Sutsu, Michael 71 Swiss Republic 46 Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de 76 Tanzimat reforms 4,99-100 Tatars 224,225 tax farming 95,101 Tekinalp 222,227 Tepedelenli, Ali. See Ali Tepedelenli of Janina Tevfik, Baha 222 Theory of Geography (Moisiodax) 42,46-7 Thessaloniki 223,225 thick mechanicism 19-20 thuggee 140 Tilsit, Treaty of 77 Todorov, Nikolai 98 Toshev, Dimitraki 97 Tott, François de 66,78 Treaty of Adrianople 5,115,117 Treaty of Balta Limanı 94,100 Treaty of Campo-Formio 74
Index Treaty of Friendship 253 Treaty of Karlowitz 113-14 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca 38,39-42 Treaty of London 115,119 Treaty of Sevres 251-2 Treaty of Tilsit 77 Tüccarzade İbrahim Hilmi 221 Tüpchileshtov, Khristo 100,101 Turkish Anatolian Resistance Movement 243,246-55 Turkish Communist Party (TKP) 250 Turkish Republican People’s Party (CHP) 254 Turkish-Italian War 156 Turkism 225-6 Tyufekchiev, Naum 168 “Üç Cereyan” (Gökalp) 225-6 Under a Gun (Kumičić) 189,190-5 Uzundzhovo fair 100 Veluchi (mountain) 123,124 Venizelos, Eleftherios 253 Vergennes, Charles Gravier de 78 Verninac Saint-Maur, Raymond de 71 visual representations 149-74 Balkan Wars 156-63 Great War 163-71 turn of the century 150-6 Voulgaris, Eugenios 39,47,48 Vouvala island 125 Wagner, Kim A. 140 Wallachian massacres 170,172 war as revolution 1 ֊2 revolution as 2-3 warfare 220-1 world order 24 World War I. See Great War writing 47-8 Xanthos, Emmanuel 38 Young Turk Revolution 2,7,8-9,154,224, 226,245,246 Young Turks 220,221,227,247 Yugoslavia: France and the Serbs (Lanux) 207 Yugoslavism 186 Yunan (Hellen, Greek) 121-2 Zeitoun district 119-20 Živković, Stevan 96 Živojinović, Dragoljub 205 Zrinski-Franopan Conspiracy (Kumičić) 190 Žujović, Jovan 205 [1 с:п. ,„.jiL,;othek Լ München 269 j
been viewed through an Orientalist lens, and their birth and evolution traditionally seen by scholars as the effect of the Ottoman Empire’s decline. As a result, the role played by the great European revolutions, wars and intellectual developments is often neglected. Rejecting these traditional Orientalist narratives, this work examines Balkan nationalist movements within their broader western European historical contexts. Drawing on a range of unused archival research and ranging from the Napoleonic era to the Bolshevik Revolution, contributors variously consider the complex roles played by Europe’s internal geo-political ruptures in forming the Balkan states. They demonstrate how the Balkan intelligentsia drew inspiration from, and interacted with, contemporary European thought. Shedding light onto the strong intellectual, political and military connections between the regions, this is essential reading for all those studying Balkan and European history, as well as anyone interested in the question of national identity.
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Contents List of Illustrations vi List of Contributors 1 viii War and Revolution: A Balkan Perspective - An Introduction Dimitris Stamatopoulos 2 1 Emulating Petrine Russia: Thick Mechanicism and the Foundations of Government in Istanbul after the Rebellion of 1730 3 Vasilis Molos 37 Military Reforms as a Diplomatic Bargaining Chip: French-Ottoman Relations at the End of the Eighteenth Century Antoaneta Atanasova 5 Evguenia Davidova 93 The Final Phase of the Greek Revolution: Delimitation, Determination and Demarcation of the First Greek Borders in Ottoman Sources 7 Dilek Özkan 111 Pětko Voivoda: A Re-evaluation of Nineteenth-Century Bulgarian Military History Assia Nakova 8 65 Echoes of Tumultuous Wars: Prosperity and Poverty of the Balkan Entrepreneurial Strata (1800s-1880s) 6 19 New Horizons of Political Possibility: Greek Political Imagination after the Russo-Ottoman War of 1768-1774 4 B. Harun Küçük 139 Uprisings, Revolutions and Wars: Visual Representations in the Bulgarian Illustrated Press at the End of the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century 9 Dobrinka Parusheva 149 Under a Gun: Eugen Kumičić on the Austria-Hungarian Occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Klara Volarič 183 10 War, Intellectuals and the Balkan States: French Intellectuals’ Perception of Serbia and Serbs in the Great War 11 Aleksandra Kolaković 199 The New Ottoman Conception of War, State and Society in the Prelude to the First World War Banu Turnaoğlu 219 12 War, Revolution and Diplomacy: The October Revolution of 1917 and the Turkish Anatolian Resistance Movement, 1919-1922 Index Nikos Christofis
243 263
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260 European Revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans Gökay, Bülent, A Clash ofEmpires: Turkey between Russian Bolshevism and British Imperialism, 1918-1923. London: I.B. Tauris, 1997. Hanioğlu, Şükrü, Preparation for a Revolution: The Young Turks, 1902-1908. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Hanioğlu, Şükrü,‘The Second Constitutional Period, 1908-1918’, in The Cambridge History of Modern Turkey, voi. 4, ed. Reşat Kasaba. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008, pp. 62֊ 111. Hanioğlu, Şükrü, Atatürk: An Intellectual Biography. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2011. İleri, Rasih Nuri, Atatürk ve Komünizm. Istanbul: İleri Yayınları, 2005. Jaeschke, Gotthard, Kurtuluş Savaşı ile ilgili İngiliz Belgeleri, voi. II. Istanbul: Cumhuriyet, 2001. Kara, İsmail,‘İslam Düşüncesinde Paradigma Değişimi. Hem Batılılaşahm hem de Müslüman Kalalım’, in Modern Türkiye’de Siyasi Düşünce, voi. 1 : Tanzimat ve Meşrutiyetin Birikimi, ed. Mehmet O. Alkan. Istanbul: İletişim, 2001, pp. 234-364. Karakışla, Yavuz Selim,‘The Emergence of the Ottoman Working Class, 1839-1923’ in Workers and the Working Class in the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic, 1839-1950, ed. Donald Quataert and Erik J. Zürcher. London: I.B. Tauris, 1995, pp. 19-34. Karlsson, Klas֊Göran, ‘The Young Turks in Power: A Comparative and Critical Perspective’, in Religion, Ethnicity and Contested Nationhood in the Former Ottoman Space, ed. Jørgen S. Nielsen. Leiden: Brill, 2012, pp. 11-28. Kasaba, Reşat, The Ottoman Empire and the World Economy: The Nineteenth Century. New York: State University of New York Press,
1987. Kırmızı, Abdulhamit, ‘After Empire, Before Nation: Competing Ideologies and the Bolshevik Moment of the Anatolian Revolution’, in Revolutions and CounterRevolutions: 1917 and its Aftermath from a Global Perspective, ed. Stefan Rinke and Michael Wildt. Frankfurt: Campus, 2017, pp. 119-139. Kocabaşoğlu, Uygur and Metin Berge, Bolşevik İhtilâli ve Osmanlılar. Istanbul: İletişim, 2006. Lenin, V.I., ‘Events in the Balkans and in Persia! in Lenin Collected Works, voi. 15. Moscow: Progress Publishers, 1973, pp. 220-230. Mardin, Şerif, The Genesis of Young Ottoman Thought. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University Press, 1962. Marx, Karl,‘The Class Struggles in France, 1848 to 1850’, in Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Collected Works, voi. 10. London: Lawrence Wishart, 2010, pp. 45-146. Mishra, Pankaj, From the Ruins of Empire: The Revolt Against the West and the Remaking of Asia. London: Penguin, 2013. Pons, Silvio, The Global Revolution: A History of International Communism, 1917-1991, trans. Allan Cameron. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Reynolds, Michael A., Shattering Empires: The Clash and Collapse of the Ottoman and Russian Empires, 1908-1918. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Riddell, John (ed.), To the Masses: Proceedings of the Third Congress of the Communist International, 1921. Leiden: Brill, 2015. Rinke, Stefan and Michael Wildt,‘Revolutions and Counter Revolutions: An Introduction’, in Revolutions and Counter-Revolutions: 1917 and its Aftermath from a Global Perspective, ed. Stefan Rinke and Michael Wildt. Frankfurt: Campus, 2017, pp. 9-30. Rogan,
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War, Revolution and Diplomacy 261 Sohrabi, Nader,‘Global Waves, Local Actors: What the Young Turks Knew about Other Revolutions and Why It Mattered’, Comparative Studies in Society and History, 44, no. 1 (2002), pp. 45-79. Sohrabi, Nader,‘Revolutions as Pathways to Modernity’, in Remaking Modernity: Politics, History and Sociology, ed. Julia Adams, Elisabeth S. Clemens and Ann Shola OrlofF. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005, pp. 300-332. Sohrabi, Nader, Revolution and Constitutionalism in the Ottoman Empire and Iran. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. Spector, Ivar, The Soviet Union and the Muslim World, 1917-1958. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 1959. Stone, Norman, Sergei Podbolotov and Murat Yaşar, ‘The Russians and the Turks: Imperialism and Nationalism in the Era of Empires’, in Imperial Rule, ed. Alexei Miller and Alfred J. Rieber. Budapest: CEU, 2004, pp. 27-46. Suny, Ronald G.,‘The Russian Empire’, in After Empire. Multiethnic Societies and NationBuilding: The Soviet Union and the Russian, Ottoman, and Habsburg Empires, ed. Karen Barkey and Mark von Hagen. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1997, pp. 142-154. Tunçay, Mete,‘Mustafa Suphi Öldürülmeseydi Muhtemelen Bakan Olurdu’, in Sol Kemalizme Bakıyor, ed. Levent Cinemre and Ruşen Çakır. İstanbul: Metis Yayınları, 1991, pp. 13-24. Worringer, Renée, Ottomans Imagining Japan: East, Middle East, and Non-Western Modernity at the Turn of the Twentieth Century. Basingstoke: Paigrave, 2014. Yenen, Alp, ‘The Other Jihad: Enver Paşa, Bolsheviks, and Politics of Anticolonial Muslim Nationalism during
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Index 1848 Revolution 3-6, i5nll A la suite du Gouvernement Serbe de Niš à Corfu (Boppe) 205 Abdul Hamid I, Sultan 78 Abdülhamid II 226,234n50 Abdulkadir Bey 83 Adrianople, siege of 159 Adrianople, Treaty of 5,115,117 "Advice to the Youth” (Katartzis) 51-2 Aeon (newspaper) 4-5 Ağaoğlu, Ahmed 228 Ahmed III, Sultan 23,24 Akçura, Yusuf 224,225,228 Akropolis (newspaper) 8-9 Alexander I, Emperor 75 Alexandria, Battle of 84 Ali Tepedelenli of Janina 70,74 Apology (Moisiodax) 42,44,45,46 Aristotle 51,52 amatóles 141-2 Armenian massacre 151-2 army reform. See military reform artisans 20-1,25 Aubert- Dubayet, Jean-Baptiste Annibal. See Dubayet, Jean-Baptiste Annibal Aubert Austria 1,4,5,104,201-2,231 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina 12,183-95 Serbian revolts 96 Austro-Hungarian Compromise 184 Austro-Turkish Wars 2 authoritarianism 220-1 Ayan Revolt 94,95-6 Baker, George Philip 122-3 Balkan Wars 156-63,202,204,220,230 Balta Liman։, Treaty of 94,100 banditry haiduk activities 139-46 theoretical background 139-42 Bandits (Hobsbawm) 139-40 Bandits and Bureaucrats (Barkey) 141 Banja Luka 190-3 Barby, Henry 200,202,205-6 Barkey, Karen 141 Battle of Alexandria 84 Bayur, Yusuf Hikmet 219 Bérard, Victor 200,202,204,205,208 Berlin Congress (1878) 102 Birgin, Muhittin 227 Blok, Anton 140 Bolsheviks 3,247,248 Bonneval, Alexander, Comte de 20 Boppe, Auguste 200,205,206 Bosnia and Herzegovina 102 Austria-Hungarian occupation 183-95 “Brigands and State-Building in Modern Egypt” (Brown) 141 Brown, Nathan 141 Brunhes, Jean 204 Bulgaria 103 Bulgarian illustrated press
149-74 Balkan Wars 156-63 Great War 163-71 turn of the century 150-6 Bulgarian military history haiduk activities 139-46 theoretical background 139-42 Bulgarian Uprising 102 Bulgarianness 142,143-4,147nl6 Burke, Peter 149 Callimachi, Alexander 73 Campo-Formio, Treaty of 74 Canip, Ali 223 Canning, Stanford 122,129n29 Cantemir, Dimitrie 25 Cara-Saint-Cyr, Claude 74 cartography 120-1. See also map-making
264 Cavit Bey, Mehmet 227 celali 141 Cemal Palsa 13-14,220,229,230 Central Union 167 Chalükov family 98-9 Chéradame, André 200,202 Chicherin, Georgy 249,250-1,252,253 Choiseul- Goffier, Marie- Gabriel- FlorentAuguste de 66,70,78,79,82 Christian alliance 67 Christianity 5,51,221 Christians 16nl7,16nl8,98,99 Bosnia 187,188 Ottoman army 73 Ottoman-Greek border 114,123 Romioi 90 Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) 223,246,248 communitarianism 48-53 Constantinople Conferences 116-21 constitutionalism 244-5 Couderc, Anne 112 Crete uprising 102 Crimean Tatars 224,225 Crimean War 93,100-2 Croatia 185-6 Ante Starčević 187-8 Eugen Kumičić 188-95 Josip Strossmayer 186-7 Party of Rights 189,190 Croatian lands 184,195n2 Croatian Question 184,186 Dapontes, Kaisarios 39-40 Darwinian law 221 Davud Pasha, Kara 25 de Juchereau de St. Denys, Antoine 69 Denis, Ernest 200,202,205 Descorche-Ste-Croix, Marie 71,75 Divine Providence 40-1 Dochoğlu, Ivan 102 Dubayet, Jean-Baptiste Annibai Aubert 67-8,71-3,80 Dumat, Dushan 81-2 Dutch Republic 46 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 economy 227-8 Edip, Halide 249 Index education 42,68-9,100-1,200-1,205, 206,228,229-30 Egypt banditry 141 France / Napoleon 1,67,68,72,74-5, 84,200 Ottoman Empire 94,99 Eldem, Edhem 153 English-Transvaal War 155 enlightened absolutism 20 entrepreneurs 94-104 Crimean War 100-2 Greek War of Independence 98-9 Kircali and Ayan Revolts 95-6 Russo-Ottoman War 1806-1812 97-8 Russo-OttomanWar 1828-1829 99 Serbian revolts 96-7 tumultuous years of 1875-1878 102-3 Enver Paisa 13,220,229,230,231,249-50, 255 Esat Bey 247 Europe 45,49,52
February Revolution 3-6,15nl 1 Felsefe Mecmuası (Tevfik) 222 Fergo, Pierre 67,81 Ferry, Jules 200 Fichte, Johann Gottlieb 222 Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi 221 First World War. See Great War folk songs 208 Fouillée, Alfred 223,224 Foundations of Government in Various Orders (Müteferrika) 19-28 Book 1 26-8 mechanical arts and Russian precedent 24-6 merchants and artisans 20-1 military reform 20,21-2 new order of 1732 23-4 rebellion of 1730 22-3 France February Revolution 3-6 Jihad 248 Ottoman-Greek border 112,114 public opinion towards Serbia 203-4 Franco-Ottoman War 83 Franco-Prussian War 201
Index French intellectuals 199-209 and the Balkans 200-2 cooperation between France and Serbia 202-3 and French public opinion towards Serbia 203-4 support for Serbs in the Great War 204-9 French֊Ottoman relations 65-85 French military experts and the Nizam-i Cedid 78-80 French military experts in the Ottoman army 66-9,81-5 as part of the international political systems 69-77 French press 199,202 French Revolution 243,244,245 Friendship, Treaty of 253 Fuat, Belsir 222 Ganchev, Dobre 102 Gaprinsky, Ismail 224 Garibaldi, Guiseppe 143,145 Gauvain, Auguste 200,204-5 Gavriilidis, Vlassis 8-9 Georgiev brothers 103 German nationalism 201 German thought 222-3,227 Gianitzou 123 Gökalp, Ziya 222,223,224,225-6 Goltz, Colmar von der 221 Goudie coup 1909 7-9 Graditzas 123,124 Great Britain 72,75-7,80,83,84 Cyprus 7 Jihad 248 Ottoman-Greek border 112,113,114, 117,118,119 Great Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 Great War 2-3,219,231 intellectuals 199,200,204-9 visual representations 163-71 Greco-Turkish War 154-5 Greece 4,5,6,253. See also Orlov Revolt banditry 141-2 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 7 French propaganda 73-4,75 Goudie coup 1909 7-8 land redistribution 103 265 Greek political thought 39-42 Dimitros Katartzis 38,48-53,54-5 Iosipos Moisiodax 38,42-8,48-9,54-5, 57n35 Greek Revolution 111-26 border demarcation 122-6,146nl3 Constantinople Conferences 116-21 Greek boundary problem 112-16 Ottoman terminology 121-2 Greek War of Independence 94,98-9 Grigorios Alexandras Ghikas III, Prince of Moldavia 42 Groignard, Antoine 67,81 Guilleminot, Charles 121 haiduks haiduk activities 139-46
theoretical background 139-42 Hakki, Hafiz 220-1,222,228 Hapsburg, House of 4 Haumant, Emile 200,202 Hellenes 43,45,49,50 Helphand, Israel Lazarevich 227 Hindenburg, Paul von 169,179n86 historical continuity 49-50 Hobsbawm, Eric 139-40 Hölderlin, Friedrich 37 humanitarian aid 204-5 Hungarian Revolution 184 Hüseyin Bey 119,120,123 Hyperion oder Der Eremit in Griechenland (Hölderlin) 37 Illustration Light (Ilyustratsiya Svetlina) 150-74 Balkan Wars 156-63 Great War 163-71 turn of the century 150-6 imperial nationalism 6-9 In Praise of the Philosopher (Katartzis) 53 intellectuals 199-209 cooperation between France and Serbia 202-3 French intellectuals and the Balkans 200-2 and French public opinion towards Serbia 203-4 support for Serbs in the Great War 204-9
266 Ishak Bey 81 Islam 5,21,113-14,221,228,247-8. See also Muslims Islamism 225-6,250,252,254 Italy 143,145 Jadidist movement 224 Jakšić, Grgur 202,205 Japan 229,245 Jihad 247-8 Jovanovič, Jovan 206 Kahn, Albert 204 Kalpazanov, Ivan 102 Kapodistrias, Ioannis 115,117,121 Karadjorgje 96 Karastoyanov, Dimitri A. 157,159,173, 178ո54 Karitsa river 125 Karlowitz, Treaty of 113 -14 Kaser, Karl 156 Katartzis, Dimitros 38,48-53,54-5 Kemal, Ali 224 Kemal, Mustafa (Atatürk) 3,248,249,250, 251,252,253,254 Kemal Bey, Ali 223 Khadzhitoshev, Dimitraki 97 Kırcalı Revolt 94,95-6 Kiriakov, Peter 142-3. See aho Pětko Voivoda klephts 141-2 Koffer, Francois 82 Koliopoulos, John 141-2 Kosciuszko, Tadeusz 71 Kosovo 208 Küçük Kaynarca, Treaty of 38,39-42 Kumičić, Eugen 188-95 La Serbie (Bérard) 205 Labbé, Paul 203,205 Lamartine, Alphonse de 15η 11 Lanaux, Pierre 200 land redistribution 103 language 47-8,49,50-2,94,223 Lanux, Pierre 207 Lavisse, Ernest 201 Le Brun, Jacques Balthazard 68-9, 83-4 Lenin, Vladimir 247 Index Lesseps, Jean-Baptiste Barthélemy de 67, 71,81 liberal sensibilities 42-8,57n35 Loiseau, Charles 200,201-2 London, Treaty of 115,119 Louis XVI, King 66,67,70,78 Macedonian uprising 152-4 Mackensen, August von 168,179n85 Magrou, Alphonse-Désiré 208 Mahmud I, Sultan 19,20,23 Mahmud II, Sultan 114,116 Maksudi, Sadri 222-3 Malet, Albert 200,207 map-making 25,120-1 Maritsa (newspaper) 144 Marx, Karl 243 mass psychology 220-1 Mavroyanni, Jean 119-20 mechanical arts 20,24-6 mechanicism, thick 19-20 Meiji Restoration 245 merchants 20-1,94 merchants and artisans 25 Miličevič-Lunjevica,
Nikola 96 militarism 228-9 military reform 20,21-2,26 French military experts and the Nizam-i Cedid 78-80 French military experts in the Ottoman army 66-9,81-5 Mirkovich, Ruscho 103 Mitchell, Thomas 144 Mithat Efendi, Ahmet 222 modern warfare 220-1 Moisiodax, Iosipos 38,42-8,48-9,54-5, 57n35 Moldavia 73,76,82 Moldavia-Wallachia 4,5,6 Moral Philosophy (Ludovico, trans. Moisiodax) 42,44 morale 220-1 Mount Veluchi 123,124 Mousouros, Constantinos 125-6 Mttev, Plamen 73-4 Münif Palsa 222 Muradgeo d’Osson, Ignatius 79 Muslims 27,67,247-8,248-9. See aho Islam Bolsheviks 247-9
Index Bosnia and Herzegovina 185,191,193 business collaborations 104 emigration 103 Ottoman army 73 Ottoman-Greek border 113-14,119,123 Mustafa III, Sultan 78 Müteferrika, İbrahim Foundations of Government in Various Orders 19-28 Nabi Efendi 119 Napoleon Bonaparte 68,73,75-6,84 Napoleonic expansion 94 Napoleonic Wars 1 national economy 227-8 national education 228 nationalism 223-5. See also German nationalism; imperial nationalism nationalist movements 1,3 nationhood 52 natural frontier argument 114,118 Necdet, Ethem 221 Necip Efendi 116 “Negroes” 169 Nelson, Horatio 83 “New Life and New Values” (Gökalp) 224 New Life, New Language 223 New Order (Nizam-i Cedid), Sultan Selim III 78-80,82 New Order of 1732 23-4 Nietzsche, Friedrich 223,224 Nizam i-Cedid 78-80,82 Novakovič, Stojan 202,211ո21 Obrenović, Miloš 96,97 October Revolution 243,247 Olga and Lina (Kumičić) 190 Orlov moment 38,42,48,53-4 Orlov Revolt 37-8,39,40,41,52 Osman Palsa, Topal 20 Ottoman Empire First World War 2-3,219,231 impact of German thought 222-3,227 military clashes seventeenth - twentieth century 1-2 modern warfare 220-1 nationalism 223-5 sovereignty 229-30 state conceptualization 226-9 267 Ottoman-Greek border 111-26 border demarcation 122-6,146nl3 Constantinople Conferences 116-21 Greek boundary problem 112-16 Ottoman terminology 121-2 Ottoman-Prussian Union 69-70 paintings 150-1 Palairet, Michael 103 pamphlets 25 Pan-Turkism 224 Paraphrase to Nicocles (Moisiodax) 43-4, 45 Party of Rights 189,190 Parvus, Alexander 227 patriotism 51,207-8 Pavel I, Emperor 73,74,75 Pazvantoglu of Vidin, Osman 70,
74,75,96 “Peasant and the Brigand, The” (Blok) 140 Pertev Efendi 114,115 Peter the Great 20,23-4,25 Petko Voivoda 144-5 Petmezas, Socrates 99 Petrine Russia 19-20,24-6 philosophy 222,223 photography 152-3,156,157-9,160-2, 165-71,172,173-4,204 Pitrowski, Antoni 150-1 poetry 208 Poland 70-1 political plurality 23-4 popular sovereignty 44 Poros conference 114 portfolio capitalists 94 press. See Bulgarian illustrated press; French press; printing press pre-Tanzimat Period 94-9,104 Prigkos, Ioannis 40-1 primitive rebels 139 printing press 25,26 property transfers 103 psychology 220-1 Rachkov, Khristo 95,98 rebellion of 1730 22-3,25 Recai 227 Reis Efendi 114,115,124 Relsit Paisa, Mustafa 119 republicanism 46
268 Revolution of 1848 3-6,15nl 1 revolutions 1-9,243,244-5 Romania 5 Romioi 38,39-41,49-53 Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor 47 Ruffin, Pierre 74 Rum (Roman, Greek Orthodox) 121-2 Rumistan (Hellas) 121 Russia Black Sea 66 Bosnia and Herzegovina 185,186 Eastern Crisis 1875-1878 6-7 February Revolution 4,5 First World War 2-3 French-Russian relations 74,75-7 Greek borders 113,114,117 October Revolution 245 Petrine project 19-20,24-6 Poland 70-1 Turkish Anatolian Resistance Movement 246-55 Russian Revolution 1905 154,246 Russian-Ottoman Iasi peace agreement 70 Russo-Japanese War 155 Russo-Ottoman War 1768-1774 38,39-42, 53,54 Russo-Ottoman War 1806-1812 94,97-8 Russo-Ottoman War 1828-1829 94,99 Russo-Ottoman War 1877-1878 102,150 Russo-Swedish War 69 Russo-Turkish Wars 2,114,143,146 Said Halim Paisa 229,231 Saint-Croix, Marie-Louis 70 Sami, Bekir 251 Schopenhauer, Arthur 222 Sebastiani de la Porta, Horace François Bastien 75,76,77 Selim III, Sultan French military experts and the Nizam-i Cedid 78-80,82 French military experts in the Ottoman army 66,67,68,83-4 international political systems 69-77 Semonvil, Charles-Louis de Huge 70 Serbia 3,185 French intellectuals’ perception of 199-209 Serbian folk poetry 208 Index Serbian revolts 94,96-7 Serbo-BulgarianWar 150-1 Sevres, Treaty of 251-2 Seyfeddin, Ömer 222,223 Sharia 229 Sloboda (newspaper) 189 social bandits 139-40 Societies for the Defence of National Rights 248 socio-economic transformations 94-104 Crimean War 100-2 Greek War of Independence 98-9 Kircali and Ayan Revolts 95-6 Russo-Ottoman War 1806-1812 97-8 Russo-Ottoman War
1828-1829 99 Serbian revolts 96-7 tumultuous years of 1875-1878 102-3 South Slavism 186 sovereignty 229 Soviet Union 247-55 Spanish-American War 155 Stalin, Joseph 248 Starčević, Ante 187-8,189 state conceptualization 226-9 Strossmayer, Josip Juraj 185,186-7 Sugar, Peter 95 Sutsu, Michael 71 Swiss Republic 46 Talleyrand-Périgord, Charles Maurice de 76 Tanzimat reforms 4,99-100 Tatars 224,225 tax farming 95,101 Tekinalp 222,227 Tepedelenli, Ali. See Ali Tepedelenli of Janina Tevfik, Baha 222 Theory of Geography (Moisiodax) 42,46-7 Thessaloniki 223,225 thick mechanicism 19-20 thuggee 140 Tilsit, Treaty of 77 Todorov, Nikolai 98 Toshev, Dimitraki 97 Tott, François de 66,78 Treaty of Adrianople 5,115,117 Treaty of Balta Limanı 94,100 Treaty of Campo-Formio 74
Index Treaty of Friendship 253 Treaty of Karlowitz 113-14 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca 38,39-42 Treaty of London 115,119 Treaty of Sevres 251-2 Treaty of Tilsit 77 Tüccarzade İbrahim Hilmi 221 Tüpchileshtov, Khristo 100,101 Turkish Anatolian Resistance Movement 243,246-55 Turkish Communist Party (TKP) 250 Turkish Republican People’s Party (CHP) 254 Turkish-Italian War 156 Turkism 225-6 Tyufekchiev, Naum 168 “Üç Cereyan” (Gökalp) 225-6 Under a Gun (Kumičić) 189,190-5 Uzundzhovo fair 100 Veluchi (mountain) 123,124 Venizelos, Eleftherios 253 Vergennes, Charles Gravier de 78 Verninac Saint-Maur, Raymond de 71 visual representations 149-74 Balkan Wars 156-63 Great War 163-71 turn of the century 150-6 Voulgaris, Eugenios 39,47,48 Vouvala island 125 Wagner, Kim A. 140 Wallachian massacres 170,172 war as revolution 1 ֊2 revolution as 2-3 warfare 220-1 world order 24 World War I. See Great War writing 47-8 Xanthos, Emmanuel 38 Young Turk Revolution 2,7,8-9,154,224, 226,245,246 Young Turks 220,221,227,247 Yugoslavia: France and the Serbs (Lanux) 207 Yugoslavism 186 Yunan (Hellen, Greek) 121-2 Zeitoun district 119-20 Živković, Stevan 96 Živojinović, Dragoljub 205 Zrinski-Franopan Conspiracy (Kumičić) 190 Žujović, Jovan 205 [1 с:п. ,„.jiL,;othek Լ München 269 j
been viewed through an Orientalist lens, and their birth and evolution traditionally seen by scholars as the effect of the Ottoman Empire’s decline. As a result, the role played by the great European revolutions, wars and intellectual developments is often neglected. Rejecting these traditional Orientalist narratives, this work examines Balkan nationalist movements within their broader western European historical contexts. Drawing on a range of unused archival research and ranging from the Napoleonic era to the Bolshevik Revolution, contributors variously consider the complex roles played by Europe’s internal geo-political ruptures in forming the Balkan states. They demonstrate how the Balkan intelligentsia drew inspiration from, and interacted with, contemporary European thought. Shedding light onto the strong intellectual, political and military connections between the regions, this is essential reading for all those studying Balkan and European history, as well as anyone interested in the question of national identity. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author2 | Stamatopulos, Dēmētrios A. 1969- |
| author2_role | edt |
| author2_variant | d a s da das |
| author_GND | (DE-588)13946042X |
| author_facet | Stamatopulos, Dēmētrios A. 1969- |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046632871 |
| classification_rvk | NO 8000 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1148059022 (DE-599)KXP169012721X |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| discipline_str_mv | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1730-1878 gnd Geschichte 1730-1922 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1730-1878 Geschichte 1730-1922 |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 gnd Westeuropa (DE-588)4079215-8 gnd Osmanisches Reich (DE-588)4075720-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Balkanhalbinsel Westeuropa Osmanisches Reich |
| id | DE-604.BV046632871 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-03T14:11:50Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:49:47Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781788311045 9780755646234 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-032044387 |
| oclc_num | 1148059022 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-11 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-384 DE-29 |
| owner_facet | DE-11 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-384 DE-29 |
| physical | x, 269 Seiten 20 Illustrationen und Portraits |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20200717 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | I.B. Tauris |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century edited by Dimitris Stamatopoulos London ; New York ; Oxford ; New Delhi ; Sydney I.B. Tauris 2019 x, 269 Seiten 20 Illustrationen und Portraits txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte 1730-1878 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1730-1922 gnd rswk-swf Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 gnd rswk-swf Auswirkung (DE-588)4112646-4 gnd rswk-swf Nationalismus (DE-588)4041300-7 gnd rswk-swf Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 gnd rswk-swf Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 gnd rswk-swf Westeuropa (DE-588)4079215-8 gnd rswk-swf Osmanisches Reich (DE-588)4075720-1 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Westeuropa (DE-588)4079215-8 g Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 s Auswirkung (DE-588)4112646-4 s Balkanhalbinsel (DE-588)4004334-4 g Nationalismus (DE-588)4041300-7 s Geschichte 1730-1922 z DE-604 Osmanisches Reich (DE-588)4075720-1 g Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 s Geschichte 1730-1878 z 1\p DE-604 Stamatopulos, Dēmētrios A. 1969- (DE-588)13946042X edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, PDF 978-0-7556-0327-5 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-7556-0328-2 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register Digitalisierung UB Augsburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000007&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 gnd Auswirkung (DE-588)4112646-4 gnd Nationalismus (DE-588)4041300-7 gnd Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4003554-2 (DE-588)4112646-4 (DE-588)4041300-7 (DE-588)4049680-6 (DE-588)4004334-4 (DE-588)4079215-8 (DE-588)4075720-1 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century |
| title_auth | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century |
| title_exact_search | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century |
| title_exact_search_txtP | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century |
| title_full | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century edited by Dimitris Stamatopoulos |
| title_fullStr | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century edited by Dimitris Stamatopoulos |
| title_full_unstemmed | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century edited by Dimitris Stamatopoulos |
| title_short | European revolutions and the Ottoman Balkans |
| title_sort | european revolutions and the ottoman balkans nationalism violence and empire in the long nineteenth century |
| title_sub | nationalism, violence and empire in the long nineteenth century |
| topic | Aufstand (DE-588)4003554-2 gnd Auswirkung (DE-588)4112646-4 gnd Nationalismus (DE-588)4041300-7 gnd Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Aufstand Auswirkung Nationalismus Revolution Balkanhalbinsel Westeuropa Osmanisches Reich Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=032044387&sequence=000007&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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