Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War: the end of the golden age of combat correspondence
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Lexington Books
[2020]
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| Beschreibung: | xix, 239 Seiten Illustrationen, Porträts |
| ISBN: | 9781793617903 9781793617927 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Acknowledgments ix A Note about Names xi xiii Introduction 1 1 Japan Meets the Press 2 Lionel James and Stanley Washburn 45 3 Jack London 69 4 John Fox Jr. 91 5 Richard Harding Davis 113 6 Luigi Barzini Sr. 131 7 Photographers and Illustrators 147 8 Hector Fuller 171 9 With the Russians 183 Conclusion 199 10 Bibliography 215 Index 229 About the Authors 239 Vil
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216 Bibliography --------- . Port Arthur: A Monster Heroism. New York: Moffat, Yard and Company, 1905. Barshay, Andrew E. State and Intellectual in Imperial Japan: The Public Man in Crisis. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988. Barzini, Luigi. Guerra russo-giapponese: La battaglia di Mukden, narrata da Luigi Barzini. Milan, Italy: Fratelli Treves, 1906. --------- . Peking to Paris. Lake Elmo, MN: Demontreville Press, 2007. --------- . Scene della grande guerra. Milan: Fratelli Treves, 1915. Bemays, Edward L. Crystallizing Public Opinion. New York: Boni and Liveright, 1923. --------- . Propaganda. New York: H. Liveright, 1928. Best, Brian. Fighting for the News: The Adventures of the First War Correspondents from Bonaparte to the Boers. South Yorkshire, England: Frontline Press, 2016. Boyd, James. Japanese-Mongolian Relations, 1873-1945: Faith, Race and Strategy. Leiden, Netherlands: Global Oriental/Brill, 2010. Brindle, Ernest. With Russian, Japanese and Chunchose: The Experiences of an Eng lishman during the Russo-Japanese War. London: John Murray, 1905. Brown, Charles H. The Correspondents’ War: Journalists in the Spanish-American War. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1967. Bullard, F. Lauriston. Famous War Correspondents. Boston: Little, Brown and Co., 1914. Burleigh, Bennet. Empire of the East: Or Japan and Russia at War 1904-5. London: Chapman and Hall, 1905. Campbell, W. Joseph. The Year that Defined American Journalism: 1897 and the Clash of Paradigms. New York: Routledge, 2006. Christie, Dugald. Thirty Years in Moukden, 1883-1913: Being the Experiences
and Recollections of Dugald Christie, C.M.G. Edited by His Wife. London: Constable and Company, 1914. Connaughton, Richard. Rising Sun and Tumbling Bear: Russia’s War with Japan. London: Cassell, 1988. Creelman, James. On the Great Highway. Boston: Lothrop, Lee Shepard Co., 1901. Croly, Herbert. Willard Straight. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1924. Crozier, Emmet. American Reporters on the Western Front, 1914-1918. New York: Oxford University Press, 1959. Davis, Charles Belmont. Adventures and Letters of Richard Harding Davis. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1917. Davis, Richard Harding. Notes of a War Correspondent. New York: Charles Scrib ner’s Sons, 1911. --------- . With the Allies. Toronto: The Copp Clark Co., 1915. Davis, Richard Harding, and Alfred Thayer Mahan, The Russo-Japanese War: A Pho tographic and Descriptive Review of the Great Conflict in the Far East, Gathered from the Reports, Records, Cable Despatches, Photographs, Etc., Etc., of Collier’s War Correspondents. New York: P. F. Collier, 1905. Dell’Orto, Giovanna. American Journalism and International Relations: Foreign Correspondence from the Early Days of the Republic to the Digital Age. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Bibliography 111 Dennett, Tyler. Roosevelt and the Russo-Japanese War: A Critical Study ofAmerican Policy in Eastern Asia in 1902-05, Based Primarily upon the Private Papers of Theodore Roosevelt. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page Company, 1925. Desmond, Robert W. Windows on the World: The Information Process in a Changing Society, 1900-1920. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1980. De Tocqueville, Alexis. Democracy in America, vols. 1, 2. Translated by Henry Reeve. New York: The Colonial Press, 1899. Dicken-Garcia, Hazel. Journalistic Standards in Nineteenth-Century America. Madi son: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989. Dunn, William J. Pacific Microphone. College Station: Texas A M University Press, 2009. Everett, Marshall. Exciting Experiences in the Japanese-Russian War. Chicago: The Educational Company, 1904. Fox, John Jr. Crittenden: A Kentucky Story of Love and War. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1900. --------- . Following the Sun Flag: A Vain Pursuit through Manchuria. London: Con stable, 1905. Fraser, David. A Modem Campaign: Or War and Wireless Telegraphy in the Far East. London: Methuen Co., 1905. Griscom, Lloyd. Diplomatically Speaking. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1940. Halstead, Murat. The War between Russia and Japan: Containing Thrilling Accounts of Fierce Battles by Sea and Land. Տ.1.: s.n., 1904. Hare, James H., ed. A Photographic Record of the Russo-Japanese War. New York: P.F. Collier Sons, 1905. Haverstock, Nathan A. Fifty Years at the Front: The Life of War Correspondent Frederick Palmer. Washington, DC: Brassey’s, 1996. Hibberd,
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218 Bibliography Labor, Earle, Robert C. Leitz, and I. Milo Shepard, eds. The Letters of Jack London, voi. 1. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1993. Larson, Magali Sarfatti. The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis. Berke ley: University of California Press, 1977. Lasswell, Harold D. Propaganda Technique in the World War. New York: Peter Smith, 1938. Lippmann, Walter. Public Opinion. New York: Harcourt, Brace, 1922. London, Jack. The Letters of Jack London 1913-1916, voi. 3. Edited by Earle Labor, Robert C. Leitz П, and I. Milo Shepard. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1988. --------- . Letters from Jack London: Including a Correspondence between London and Sinclair Lewis. Edited by King Hendricks and Irving Shepard. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1970. --------- . The Star-Rover. New York: Macmillan, 1915. London, Jack, King Hendricks, and I. Milo Shepard, Jack London Reports: War Correspondence, Sports Articles, and Miscellaneous Writings. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1970. London, Joan. Jack London and His Times: An Unconventional Biography. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1939. Lubow, Arthur. The Reporter Who Would Be King: A Biography of Richard Harding Davis. New York: Scribner Book Company, 1992. Lynch, George, and Frederick Palmer, eds. In Many Wars by Many War Correspon dents. With a foreword by John Maxwell Hamilton. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University, 2010. MacArthur, John R. Second Front: Censorship and Propaganda in the Gulf War. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993. Magri, Enzo. Una vita da inviato. Florence,
Italy: Polistampa, 2008. McCormick, Frederick. The Menace of Japan. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1917. --------- . The Tragedy of Russia in Pacific Asia, vols. I-П. New York: The Outing Publishing Company, 1907. McCullagh, Francis. With the Cossacks: Being the Story of an Irishman Who Rode with the Cossacks throughout the Russo-Japanese War. Uckfield, UK: The Naval and Military Press Ltd., 2004. McKenzie, Frederick Arthur. From Tokyo to Tiflis: Uncensored Lettersfrom the War. London: Hurst and Blackett, 1905. McLaughlin, Greg. The War Correspondent. London: Pluto Press, 2002. Millard, Thomas F. The New Far East. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1906. Milton, Joyce. The Yellow Kids: Foreign Correspondence in the Heyday of Yellow Journalism. New York: HarperCollins, 1989. Mindich, David T.Z. Just the Facts: How Objectivity Came to Define American Jour nalism, New York: NYU Press, 2001. Moorehead, Caroline, Gellhom: A Twentieth-Century Life. New York: H. Holt, 2003. Morris, Edmund. The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt. New York: Random House, 2010. Mott, Frank Luther Mott. American Journalism: A History of Newspapers in the United States Through 250 Years, 1690-1940, New York: Macmillan, 1941.
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220 Bibliography Sinclair, Andrew. Jack: A Biography of Jack London. New York: Harper Row, 1977. Slattery, Peter. Reporting the Russo-Japanese War 1904-05: Lionel James’s First Wireless Transmissions to the Times. Folkestone, UK: Global Oriental, 2004. Smith, Jeffery A. War and Press Freedom: The Problem of Prerogative Power. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Sperber, A.M. Murrow: His Life and Times. New York: Fordham University Press, 1999. Stein, M.L. Under Fire: The Story of American War Correspondents. New York: Julian Messner, 1968. Steinbeck, John. Once There Was a War. New York: Penguin, 1977. Steinberg, John W., Bruce W. Menning, David Schimmelpenninck van der Oye, David Wolff, and Shinji Yokote, eds. The Russo-Japanese War in Global Perspec tive: World War Zero. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill, 2005. Story, Douglas. The Campaign with Kuropatkin. London: T. Werner Laurie, 1904. Sweeney, Michael S. From the Front: The Story of War, Featuring Correspondents’ Chronicles. Washington, DC: National Geographic Press, 2002. --------- . The Military and the Press: An Uneasy Truce. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University Press, 2006. Tabumo, Ieronim Pavlovich. The Truth about the War. Translated by Victoria von Kreuter. Kansas City, MO: Franklin Hudson Publishing, 1905. Treat, Payson J. Diplomatic Relations between the United States and Japan, 18951905. Gloucester, MA: Peter Smith, 1963. Uchimura Kanzõ. Uchimura Kamo Zenshû, vol. 14. Tokyo: Iwanami Shoten, Showa, 1932-33. Villiers, Frederic. Port Arthur: Three Months with the Besiegers: A Diurnal of Occur rences. London:
Longman’s Green, and Co., 1905. Voss, Frederick S. The Journalistic Coverage of World War II. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994. Warner, Denis, and Peggy Warner. The Tide at Sunrise: A History of the RussoJapanese War, 1904-1905. London: Frank Cass, 2002. Washburn, Stanley. The Cable Game: The Adventures of an American Press-Boat in Turkish Waters during the Russian Revolution. Boston: Sherman, French Company, 1912. Westwood, J.N., Russia against Japan, 1904-1905: A New Look at the Russo-Japa nese War. New York: SUNY Press, 1986. York, Bill. John Fox, Jr., Appalachian Author. Jefferson, NC: McFarland ■ Com pany, 2003. DOCUMENTARY Fillion, Michèle Midori. No Job for a Woman: The Women Who Fought to Report World War II, DVD. Directed by Michèle Midori Fillion. New York: Hurry Up Sister Productions, 2011.
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228 Bibliography Networks, October 2, 2003, https://web.archive.org/web/20031202082736/http:// www.pipa.org/OnlineReports/Iraq/Media_10_02_03_Report.pdf, 1-21. Lee, Bartholomew. “Wireless—Its Evolution from Mysterious Wonder to Weapon of War, 190-205.” AWA Review, California Historical Radio Society, http://www.cali fomiahistoricalradio.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/BartWirelessWarl90205L ee.pdf. “Maj Walter Kirton.” Find a Grave, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/1170 27507/walter-kirton. Mexican News. “The News Media and the Making of America, 1730-1865.” http: //americanantiquarian.org/earlyamericannewsmedia/exhibits/show/news-in-ante bellum-america/item/22. “Military Censorship in Imperial Russia, 1904-1917.” The Rossica Society, http:// www.rossica.org/RVG/_pdf/Imperial_Military_Censorship/Military%20Censorsh ip%20in%20Imperial%20Russia%201904%20-%201917.pdf. “On This Day: Who Is the Criminal.” The New York Times, http://movies2.nytimes.co m/leaming/general/onthisday/harp/0813.html. “Photo of the Week: Mexican-American War.” Amon Carter Museum of American Art, Fort Worth, TX. https://www.cartermuseum.org/interact/notes-from-underg round/photo-of-the-week-mexican-american-war. “Professor Ricalton, with Japanese Officers of 11th Division, at Foot of Takushan, Port Arthur.” New York: Underwood Underwood, 1905. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/2004665580/. “Reporting America at War: Martha Gellhom; High Explosives for Everyone.” Public Broadcasting Service. https.V/www.pbs.org/weta/reportingamericaatwar/reporters/ gellhom/madrid.html. “Ricalton, James A.”
Historical Photographs of China. University of Bristol, https:// www.hpcbristol.net/photographer/james-ricalton. “Robert Lee Dunn.” Find a Grave, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/103238587 /robert-lee-dunn. “The Rough Riders Storm San Juan Hill.” Eyewitness to History, http://www.eyew itnesstohistory.com/pfroughriders.htm. “Rough Riders: The World of 1898; The Spanish-American War.” Library of Con gress. https://www.l0c.g0v/rr/hispanic/l 898/roughriders.html. “Russian-Japanese War 1904-1905 Photo Gallery Part I.” All World Wars: Photo graphs by Viktor K. Bulla. https://www.allworidwars.com/Russian-Japanese-War1904-1905-Photo-Gallery-by-Victor-Bulla-Part-I.html. Spark, Nick T. et al. “Suddenly and Deliberately Attacked: The Story of the Panay Incident.” http://www.usspanay.org/attacked.shtml. Thompson, Clive. “Stereographs Were the Original Virtual Reality.” Smithsonian Magazine, October 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/sterogra phs-original-virtual-reality-180964771/. “Victor Bulla.” Nailya Alexander Gallery, New York. http://www.nailyaalexande rgallery.com/russian-photography/victor-bulla. “War Correspondent Ellis Ashmead-Bartlett.” The Anzac Centenary Nation Program. https://anzacportal.dva.gov.au/history/conflicts/gallipoli-and-anzacs/events/battle-l anding/war-correspondent-ellis-ashmead.
Index ABC News, 211 Abe, Lieutenant Y., 76 accreditation: Boer War, 20-21; defined by Hague Convention, 19-20; Japanese correspondents, 13; Spanish-American War, 17-18; Western correspondents with Japan, xv, 22, 31-32, 101, 105, 171, 172, 178, 192, 202; Western correspondents with Russia, 30, 32-33, 183-85, 186, 187, 189-90; World War I, 206-8; World War П, 62 Afghanistan, war in (2001), 182n46, 212nl5 Albertini, Luigi, 133-34, 136, 143 Aleksandr П, 3 Alekseev, Evgenii Ivanovich, 51, 185, 186 Alger, Russell A., 17-18 al Qaeda, 211 American Revolution, 6-7, 116 American Society of Newspaper Editors, 8 Amur River, 3 Anglo-Japanese Alliance, 4, 49, 104 Anshantien, 103, 124, 141 Antung. See Dandong Archibald, James F. J., 32, 188, 191 Artimeev, Colonel, 185, 187 Asada Nobuoki, 142 Asahi Shimbun, 11 Ashmead-Bartlett, Ellis, 149, 195 Associated Press, 8, 12, 16, 21, 22, 34, 78, 100, 141, 178, 183-84, 185, 191, 194, 207 Atheam, Pop, 49, 55 attachés, military, xvi, 205-6. See also MacArthur, Arthur; March, Peyton C.; Pershing, John J. “Black Jack” atrocity stories, 19, 99, 207, 209 Babin, Gustave, 151 Baker, Newton, 203 Baltic Fleet, Russian, 35, 65, 202 Baltimore Evening Herald, 35 Barry, Richard, 201-2 Barzini, Ettore, 134 Barzini, Luigi Jr., 143 Barzini, Luigi Sr., 21, 27, 93, 100, 131-44,139, 201, 205; “feminine” style of war correspondence, 19, 204-5; Mukden, battle of, witness, 131-32, 138 Bass, John, 33, 56 Bayan, 50, 51 Bell, Charles Moberly, 47 Bemays, Edward, 209 229
230 Index Beveridge, Albert, ЗО, 174, 175 Bigelow, Poultney, 18 Blaine, James G., 56 Bloom, David, 182n46 Boer War, 4, 20-21, 27, 32, 46, 78, 114, 135 Borghese, Scipione, 132 Boxer Rebellion, 33, 134-35, 164 Brill, William H„ 22, 23, 25, 78, 99, 100, 102, 103^1, 140, 141 Brindle, Ernest, 190 Brinkley, Frank, 106 Brooklyn Daily Eagle, 199 Brown, Harry, 49, 51, 52, 55 Bulla, Aleksandr, 157 Bulla, Karl, 156 Bulla, Victor K., 156-58, 191 Burleigh, Bennet, 11, 13, 21, 45, 54, 100, 132,207,210 Busan, 73 bushidõ, 83 Cable News Network (CNN), 211 The Call of the Wild, 70 Cameron, Simon, 16 El Caney, battle of, 95 CBS News, 211 censorship: banning of press from combat zone, xiv, 23-24, 26, 54, 56, 69, 92, 98, 173, 190; justification by Japan, 28-30; Meiji era, prewar, 9, 10-12; photography, of, 24, 69, 7273; protested by war correspondents, 28, 30, 78, 99; regulations, Japanese, 31-32, 79; regulations, Russian, 32, 187; relaxation by Japan, 30-31, 60, 76, 93, 107, 136; Russo-Japanese War, examples and strength, xiv-xvi, 12, 56, 69-70, 84, 103, 107-8, 135, 136, 138,183,193, 201; self-, 12, 16, 62, 64, 189. See also individual wars, telegraph Central News Agency, 33, 78 Century Magazine, 71, 94 Chapelle, Dickey, 212nl7 Chefoo. See Yantai Chefoo, SS, 50, 55 Chefoo Daily News, 50, 176 Chemulpo. See Incheon Chemulpo, battle of, 50, 157, 162 Chicago Daily News, 33, 56, 57, 58, 60, 61, 64, 191 Chicago Evening Post, 184 China. See individual locations China, SS, 97 Chinampo. See Nampo Chinese Eastern Railway, 3 Chinese Telegraph Company, 192 Chomsky, Noam, 209-10 Christie, Dugald, 192
Cincinnati Post, 17 Civil War, American, 8, 14-16, 148, 204 Cleveland Press, 17 Collier, Peter F., 113, 148 Collier’s Weekly, 6, 21, 22, 26, 28, 32, 33, 34,64,71,74,81, 97,113,119, 120, 122, 132, 147, 148, 157, 160, 162, 188, 191, 192, 205 Collins, Robert Moore, 33 collodion wet-plate process, 149-50 Columbia, SS, 2, 186, 191 Committee on Public Information (CPI), 208, 209 Corriere d’America, 143 Corriere della Sera, 19, 27, 131, 13235, 136, 137, 138, 141, 143 Cowan, Ruth, 212η 17 Coxey’s Army, 70 Crane, Stephen, 16, 18 Creel, George, 208, 209 Creel Commission. See Committee on Public Information (CPI) Creelman, James, 18, 19 Crimean War, xiv, 19,172,186, 204; impact on style of war correspondence, 19, 140; photography (collodion wet-plate process), 149-50 Crittenden, 96
Index Crystallizing Public Opinion, 209 Cuba: revolt against Spain, 114, 115, 212nl7. See also Spanish-American War Daguerre, Louis-Jacques-Mandé, 149 daguerreotype, 149-50 Daily Chronicle (London), 33 Daily Express (London), 71 Daily Mail (London), 12, 33, 50, 74, 190, 191 Daily Telegraph (London), 13, 21, 33, 54,74, 109, 131, 190, 195, 207 Dalian. See Dalny Dalny, xi, 3, 50, 53, 60, 101, 135, 136, 137,171 Dana, Charles, 94 Dandong, 81, 82 Davis, Cecil, 97, 113, 119, 120 Davis, Oscar King, 33, 71, 80 Davis, Richard Harding, 16, 18, 25, 29, 72, 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 108, 118, 136, 140, 141, 212nl7; Cuban war of independence, 115-17; early life and education, 114-15; “feminine” style of war correspondence, 204-5; Japanese people, writing on, 120-21, 126; playwright, 115; protests censorship, 98-99, 109, 122; quits war zone, xvi, 36,103-4, 105, 107; San Juan Hill, battle of, 117-19; Second Army, travels with, 100-4; World War I, 126-27 de Forest, Lee, 47-49, 55 de Mille, Cecil В., 109 Denny, George 191 Department of Defense, U.S. See Pentagon de Plançon de Rigny, Georges A., 185 Desert Storm. See Iraq, war in (1991) de Tocqueville, Alexis, 7-8, 9 Dinwiddie, William, 33, 80 Donohoe, M.H, 33 Dunn, Robert L., 20-21, 71, 74-75, 148, 149, 160-61 Dunn, William J., 45 231 Eastern Telegraph Company, 48, 55 embedded correspondents, embedding, 62, 63, 65n75, 144, 210, 212nl5 Emerson, Edwin Jr., 171, 191-92 Empress of China, RMS, 100, 172 Empress of Japan, RMS, 56 espionage, 24—25, 46, 48, 51, 53, 54, 58, 59, 69-70, 72, 136, 174, 175, 176, 185, 186, 192-93, 204, 210 Espionage Act
(1917), 208 ethics, journalism: codes, 8, 213n36; fabricated news, 27, 199, 201 Etzel, Lewis Leonard, 190, 191 Eulsa Coerced Government Treaty, 26 Fairbanks, Charles W., 174 Falklands War, 203 Fawan, SS, 57-61, 173-74; seized by Russian navy, 58-69 “feminine” style of war correspondence, 16, 19, 85, 204-5. See also Godkin, E. L.; individual correspondents Fengcheng, 83 Feng Hwang Cheng. See Fengcheng Fenton, Roger, 149, 150 Figaro, 24 Fillmore, Millard, 199 First Amendment, 7-8, 208 First Army, Japanese, 21-22, 33, 34, 62, 74-76, 78-80, 83, 173; correspondents accredited to, 33-34, 78 Following the Sun Flag, 109 Forbes-Robertson, Johnston, 154 Fourth Army, Japanese, 34, 62 Fourth Estate, 80 Fox, John Jr., 25, 36, 91-109, 105, 125, 126136, 140, 141, 171; “feminine” style of war correspondence, 204-5; protests censorship, 99, 105, 109; quits war zone, xvi, 36, 103-4, 106, 107; Second Army, travels with, 100-104; Spanish-American War, correspondence in, 16, 95-96 Fox, John Sr., 93 Fox, Minerva Worth Carr, 93
232 Index Fox Broadcasting Company, 211 Franco-Prussian War, 154 Franklin, Benjamin, 6 Fraser, David, 33, 46, 48 Freud, Sigmund, 209 Fukushima Yasumasa, 22 Fuller, Hector, ЗО, 54, 63, 100, 171-80, 193; accreditation revoked, 179; arrest at Port Arthur, 174 Fuller, Rose, 177, 179 Hearst, William Randolph, xiv, 18, 34, 69, 71, 74, 76, 77, 82, 97, 115, 116, 148 Heijo Maru, SS, 100, 101 Heimin Shìmbun, 10-11, 28 Hip Sang, SS, 59 Hirose Такео, 121-22 Hochi Shimbun, 11, 99 Hooker, Joseph, 16 Hosoya Sukeuji, 53 Gallipoli, battle of, 195 Garfield, James, 56 The Gazette (Montreal), 78 Gellhom, Martha, 205, 212nl7 Geneva Conventions, 20 Godkin, E. L„ 19, 140, 141, 202. See also “feminine” style of war correspondence Goebbels, Joseph, 209 Gordon, Charles George “Chinese,” 55, 70 grand reportage, 133 “Great System.” See press pools Grenada, war in, 203 Griscom, Lloyd, 23, 25, 28, 30, 31, 72-73, 98-99, 171, 174, 178, 192 Guards, military, 76, 83, 91-92, 102, 103, 108. See also liaisons Las Guásimas, 95 Gussie, SS, 17 Ichinohe Hyde, 63 Ijuin Gorõ, 49 Hague Convention, 19-20, 51 Haicheng, 91-92, 101, 102, 103, 136 Haimun, SS, 46, 48, 50-55 Hanjapu, 131, 145n3 Hare, James L. “Jimmy,” 34, 71, 81, 147,149, 158-60 Harper’s Weekly, 18, 33, 71, 95, 148 Harrison, Benjamin, 56 Hatsuse, 28, 60 Hay, John, 58, 98, 174 Hayashi Todasu, 28-30, 107, 108 Hayes, Rutherford B., 59 Hayes, Webb C., 59 Hearn, Lafcadio, 121 Illustrated American, 158 Illustrated London News, 125, 148, 149, 151, 152, 155 L’Illustration, 151, 159 illustrations, history of, 150-51 Incheon, 28, 34, 48, 53, 57-58, 71, 74, 161, 173;
Japanese invasion of, 2, 21-22, 48, 75 Indianapolis News, 30, 54, 63, 100, 171, 172, 173, 174, 178, 179 Indianapolis Star, 179-80 Industrie, SS, 50 Ingram, Herbert, 148 In Many Wars by Many War Correspondents, 25 International News Service, 207 Iraq, war in (1991), 203^1 Iraq, war in (2003), 65n75, 182n46, 210,211, 212nl5 Iroquois, SS, 95 Irsky, 157 ltd Hirobumi, 5 Ito Sukeyuki, 22 The Jacket. See The Star Rover James, David H., 13 James, Lionel, 45-56, 71, 100 Japan Mail, 106 Jiji Shimpo, 99 Jiro Okabé, 108 Le Journal de Paris, 196 “journalism of action,” 19
Index Kaneko Kentarõ, 5-6,15, 105 Kaofengshik, 141 Kasuga, 28, 52 Katsura Taro, ЗО Kendall, George, xiii-xiv The Kentuckians, 95 Kettle Hill, battle of, 118-19 Kidd, Benjamin, 83 Kipling, Rudyard, 154 Kirton, Walter, 33, 78 kisha clubs, 10 Kitchener, Herbert, 55,206 Kittredge, Charmian, 70, 72, 74, 76, 77 Knight, Edward F., 27,33 Kobe, 100 Kodama Gentarö, 22 Кокитіп Shimbun, 12, 70 Komura Jutarõ, 6, 22, 30, 50, 72-73, 98-99, 105, 107 Korea: Japan, opposition to, 4; Japanese invasion of, 21-22, 26; protectorate, 26. See also Eulsa Coerced Government Treaty; individual locations; Korean people; Korean War Korea, SS, 85 Korean people, 75, 76-77, 163 Korean War, 212n 15 Koreets, 21, 50, 58 Kosuga, 59-60 Kõtuko Shüsui, 10-11 Kulien Cheng, battle of, 82 Kuroki Tamemoto, 141, 159, 191 Kuropatkin, Aleksei, 58 Kwantung, 51 Lamscott, M., 184 Lamsdorf, Vladimir, 183, 184 liaisons, military, xv, 69, 79, 101, 190, 202, 204 Liaodong Peninsula, 1,3, 32, 34, 35, 48, 53, 60, 99, 101, 103, 106, 135-36, 171, 172, 173, 187, 190, 192, 194, 207 Liaoyang, battle of, 34,64-65, 93, 104, 123, 136-37, 140—41, 191 233 Lippmann, Walter, 200, 202, 209 Little, Richard Henry, 58, 191 Little Shepherd of Kingdom Come, 93, 95, 96, 109 London, Bess, 70, 85 London, Jack, 25, 34, 69-86, 73, 97, 104, 109, 123, 126, 140, 141, 159, 202, 204, 205; arrested, 71-72, 76-77, 84; “feminine” style of war correspondence, 19, 85, 204-5; prisoner in Korea, 76-77; quits war zone, xvi; romantic notions of war, xiv, 70 London Daily News, 19 London Daily Chronicle, 53 Londres, Albert, 133 Louisa Bay, 174, 176 Lubavin, Baron, 53
Lushun. See Port Arthur Lusitania, RMS, 207 Lynch, George, 25, 53, 100, 108, 125; quits war zone, 103-4, 108 MacArthur, Arthur, xvi, 203 MacArthur, Douglas, xvi, 203 MacDonald, Ramsay, 180 MacGahan, Januarius, 19 MacHugh, Robert Joseph, 33 MacPherson, Ian, 206 Maine, USS, 9, 16 Makarov, Stepan Osipovich, 52 Manchuria. See individual locations March, Peyton C., xvi, 203, 206 Marroni, Ettore, 134 Martin Eden, 86 Maxwell, William, 33 McCormick, Frederick, 184, 186, 194, 196n8, 205 McCormick, Robert Sanderson, 183 McCullagh, Francis, 2, 186, 191 McKenzie, Frederick Arthur, 12, 23, 33, 71, 74-75, 191, 206 McKinley, William, 19, 56, 116, 119, 158, 160 Meiji, Emperor, 9, 152
234 Index Meiji government, 2-3 Mencken, H. L„ 35, 199-200, 201 Metropolitan Magazine, 127 Mexican-American War, xiii-xiv, 14, 149 Michimasa Soyeshima, 106-8, 171 Middleton, Henry, 191 Millard, Thomas F„ 1, 4, 5, 183, 191, 192, 193, 194, 201 Miller, Henry B., 58 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japanese, 6, 22, 25, 30, 31, 49, 72-73, 100, 108, 178; entertains journalists, 23, 27, 71 Ministry of War, Japanese, 22, 26, 28, 30,31,34,71, 137, 203-4 Minneapolis Times, 56 Minotao Islands, 57, 63 Mitsuo Fuchida, 1 Moji, 33, 71-72, 100 Мокро, 74 Montgomery, Cora. See Storms, Jane McManus Morgan, Gerald, 127 Morning Chronicle (London), 125 Morning Post (London), 27, 33 Morrison, George, 54 Morse, Samuel F. B., xiii Mott, Gordon L., 179 A Mountain Europa, 93, 94 Mukden, battle of, 34-35, 64-65, 131, 136, 137, 143, 191, 192, 194, 207 Murrow, Edward R., 45 Mussolini, Benito, 143 Nabeshima Keijirõ, 5 Nampo, 33, 34, 48, 49, 50 Nanshan Hill, battle of, 34, 171 Nashimoto Morimasa, 92 National Cash Register Company (NCR), 180 National Public Radio, 211 Neaudeau, Ludovic, 196n8 Newchwang. See Yingkou New Orleans Picayune, xiii Newspaper Enterprise Association, 32, 171 newspapers, American: bylines, 16; colonial era, 6-7; economics, 7-9; growth in nineteenth century, 7-8, 14; press development, 6-9; professional standards, 6-9. See also ethics, journalism; individual papers; individual wars; Penny Press newspapers, British. See individual papers newspapers, Japanese: censorship of, 9, 10-12; economics, 10; feudal era, 9; Meiji era, 9-12; subsidies, 5; Tokugawa era, 9; war, support for, 11, 92,
99, 202. See also censorship; individual papers; kisha clubs; public opinion New York Herald, 2, 19, 27, 33, 71, 96, 117, 124, 186 New York Journal, 18, 71, 115, 148 New York Sun, 7,94,115,117 New York Times, 16, 33, 46, 48, 49, 55, 71, 94, 134, 178, 179 New York World, 16, 70, 80, 191 Nicholas П, Tsar, 3-4, 19, 183-84 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 83 Nightingale, Florence, xiv Nisshin, 52 Niva, 157 Nodzu Michitsura, 131, 141 Nogi Maresuke, 61, 62 Nojine, E. K., 186 Novi Krai, 185-87 Novoe Vremia, 193 objectivity, 8, 160, 210-11 Okada, T„ 79, 80 Oku Yasukata, 91-92, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 107-8, 123, 124, 135, 136, 137, 138, 141, 155 Opium War, 3 Oregonian (Portland), 56 Osaka Asahi Shimbun, 11 Õyama Gentarõ, 22, 93 Õyama Iwao, 136, 138,142-43
Index Pallada, 186, 201 Palmer, Frederick, 12, 13, 22-23, 25, 26, 33, 71, 79, 83, 93, 126, 132,140, 141, 159, 203,204, 206, 207 Panay, USS, 143 Paoshankan, 141 Pavlov, Alexander, 54 Pearl Harbor, 1 Penny Press, 7 Pentagon, 210, 212n 15 Perry, Matthew C, 2 Pershing, John J. “Black Jack,” xvi, 203 Pescadores, 3 Pesteech, E. F., 32, 188, 189, 193 Petropavlovsk, 52, 63 Philadelphia Inquirer, 80 Phillips, Percivai, 71 photography, history of, 147, 149; halftone printing, 149-50; Kodak, 162; technological advancements, 148. See also daguerreotype; collodion wet-plate process Pitzuwo, 60 Plehve, Viacheslav Konstantinovich, 183, 184 Polk, James K., 14 Port Arthur, 1,3,45,51,55, 58, 59-60, 63, 64, 65, 100, 101, 183, 192-193, 195,201; besieged on land, 12-13, 34, 48, 50, 54, 57, 61-62, 98, 136-37, 139, 165, 171-78, 195, 202; capitulation, 34, 137, 155, 178; defenses, 187; life within, 139, 178, 185-87; naval blockade of, 2, 34, 52, 53, 57, 61, 98, 121, 171, 174, 175, 178; surprise attack, 1-2, 21, 29, 48, 71, 74, 135, 148, 152, 172, 189, 191 Portsmouth, N.H., 35, 105 postmodernism, 201 Preece, William, 55 press pools, xv, 69, 79-80, 190, 202, 204 Prior, Melton, 13, 56, 100, 125, 149, 151, 154, 202; drawings of Japanese people, 152-53, 155; quits war zone, 103^4 235 prisoners of war, 176, 191, 193 Program on International Policy Attitudes, 211 propaganda, 28, 70, 85, 93, 201, 202, 207, 208, 209; British, xvi; French, xvi; Japanese, 5, 12-13, 26, 80; Russian, 37nl3 Propaganda, 209 Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), 211 public opinion, 84-85, 108-9, 202, 204, 208, 211; American, 4, 5-6;
British, 4, 5; Japanese, xvi, 4-6, 11, 12-13, 69-70, 97-99, 171, 201, 202; national unity, 10, 121. See also Russo-Japanese War Public Opinion, 200, 209 public relations. See propaganda, public opinion Pulitzer, Joseph, 16, 191 Punch, 153 Pyle, Ernie, 205 Pyongyang, 22, 34, 74, 75, 76, 81, 82 racism: American, 6, 12, 60, 78-79, 82-83, 84, 89n61, 203; Japanese, 82, 106 radio: commercial, 45; Russo-Japanese War, in, 45-55, 59; speed of correspondence, 55 radiotelegraphy, 47, 55 Reed, Thomas B„ 56 Remington, Frederic, 95, 115, 116 Repington, Charles à Court, 2 Retvizan, 186, 201 Reuters, 12, 33, 47, 191 Review of Reviews, 19 Ricalton, James, 149, 156,164-65, 201-2 Richmond (Indiana) Item, 172, 178 Riis, Jacob A., 117, 150 The Risen Sun, 6 Roberts, Frederick, 20 Robinson, Henry Crabb, 39n55 Rockefeller, John D., 209
236 Index Roosevelt, Theodore, xvi, 18, 29, 33, 35, 61, 84, 95, 95, 98, 104, 105, 106, 117, 119, 161,207 Rossi, Adolfo, 133 Rough Riders, 18, 83, 95 Rozhestvenskii, Zinovii Petrovich, 35 Russell, William Howard, xiv, 19, 140, 141; “father” of war correspondence, xiv; knighthood, xiv Russian Revolution (1905), 205 Russian Revolution (1917), 205 Russo-Chinese Bank, 194 Russo-Japanese War: causes, 3-4; conclusion of, 35-36, 61, 105; impact on world events, xv, 201, 205-6, 210; Japanese mobilization, xv, 12, 21, 71, 172; Japanese strategy in, 2, 21, 34, 28-29; Japan’s justification for, 6, 11, 106-8; Russian expansionism, 3-4; subsequent wars, impact on, xvi, 193, 203; weaponry, 1, 12-13, 132, 202. See also accreditation; censorship; individual battles; World War Zero Russo-Turkish War, 154 Sakai Toshihiko, 10 Sakhalin Island, 3, 35 Samson, SS, 54—55 San Francisco Chronicle, 163 San Francisco Examiner, 71, 74, 78, 81, 82 San Juan Hill, battle of, 95, 117-19 Sataké, Viscount, 108 Scheff, Fritzi, 109 Scovel, Sylvester, 16-17 Scribner’s Magazine, 93, 96, 97, 102, 104, 105, 109, 117, 125, 191 Scripps, E. W., 17, 32 The Sea Wolf, 71 Second Army, Japanese, 34, 53, 62, 9192, 119, 135, 137; correspondents accredited to, 100 Sedition Act (1918), 208 Segawa Asanoshin, 106 Seoul, 2, 22, 48, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 81 Shafter, William R„ 19, 80, 89n47, 118 Shaho, 137 Shandong Peninsula, 3,48, 173 Shanghai, 28, 53, 54 Shanghai Mercury, Ո1 Shanghai News, 176 Shenyang, battle of. See Mukden, battle of Sherman, William Tecumseh, 16 Shimonoseki, 71-72, 73 Siberia, SS, 48, 71 Sigsbee, Charles D., 16
Sino-Japanese War, 1, 3,4, 29, 148, 166, 201 Sioux City (Iowa) Journal, 161 Smith, Al, 180 social media, 200, 210, 211 South Manchurian Railway, 4, 35 Spanish-American War, 16-19, 33, 70, 80, 95-96, 117-19, 158, 164, 204; censorship, 17, 18 Spanish Civil War, 45, 85, 205 The Sphere (London), 78 spies, spying. See espionage Stampa, La, 133, 134 Standard (London), 33 Stanton, Edwin, 16 The Star Rover, 86 Stead, William T„ 19 stereotypes, 200 Stevenson, Robert Louis, 114 St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 193 Stoessel, Anatolii Mikhailovich, 173, 176, 178, 187 Stone, Melville E., 183-84 Storms, Jane McManus, xiii-xiv Story, Douglas, 11, 32, 171, 188,189, 190, 191, 193, 194, 210 Straight, Willard, 12, 23 Suematsu Kenshõ, 5 Suminoye Maru, 33
Index Sunan-guyõk, 75 Sungari, 58 Swinton, Earnest, 206-7 Tabumo, Ieronim Pavlovich, 193-94 Taiwan, 3 Takahira Kogorö, 98-99 Takeuchi, 100 Taliban, 212nl5 Tanaka Giichi, 22-23 Tang River, 141 telegraph: censorship, 28, 32, 69, 80, 81, 108, 136, 138, 173, 183-84; channel of news, xiii, 8, 27-28, 46, 138, 18384, 192, 204; security threat, 16-17, 20, 27, 108, 136, 192 Telissu, battle of, 99, 102 Le Temps, 5, 34 Tennyson, Alfred, xiv Teshima, Captain, 77 Third Army, Japanese, 34, 61, 62, 65, 131, 135, 156, 165; correspondents accredited to, 62,195 Tianjin, 136, 137 Tiensuiden, 141 Tientsin. See Tianjin Times (London), 2, 19, 33, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52, 53, 54, 55, 64, 71, 106, 109, 117, 133, 195 Times of India, Al Togo Heichahim, 1, 35 Tokutomi Soho. 12, 70 Tonami Kurakichi, 49, 51, 52, 53, 64 The Trail of the Lonesome Pine, 109 Trans-Siberian Railway, 3 Tsessarevich, 186 Tsushima Strait, battle of, 35, 65, 199 Uchida Yasuya, 4 Uchimura Kanzõ, 13 Underwood Underwood, 164,165 unilateral journalist, 63 United Press, 207 237 Variag, 21, 50, 58 Victor-Thomas, Charles, 34 Vietnam War, 116, 212nl5 Villiers, Frederick, 149, 154-56 Vladivostok, 3, 4, 183, 186, 190 von Gottenburg, 34 Wafangdian, 101 Wa-fang-tien. See Wafangdian Walker, Jimmy, 180 war correspondents: canteen, 34; “golden age,” xiii-xiv, 14-19, 70; traveling kit, 25-26. See also individual correspondents; individual wars War News from Mexico, 14, 24 Washburn, Stanley, 45, 56-65, 173-74, 176 Washburn, William Drew, 56 Washington Post, 68n75, 178, 179, 212nl5 Waud, Alfred, 148 Weihai, 48, 55 Whigham, Henry J., 191,194 White
Fang, 86 Wiju, 76, 81; battle of, 81-82 Wilhelm II, Kaiser, 6, 184 Williams, J. Sheldon, 78 Wilson, Woodrow, 203, 208 Woodville, Richard Caton, 14, 24 Worcester, HMS, 172 World War I, xvi, 33, 55-56, 64, 143, 147, 158, 188, 195, 203, 206, 207, 209; adopts Russo-Japanese War censorship, xvi, 203, 205-7 World War II, 3, 45, 85, 203, 205, 212nl5 “World War Zero,” xv, xviiin5 Yalu, battle of the, 22, 57, 81-82, 98, 148, 155, 159 Yalu River, 58, 59, 60, 75, 76, 79, 83, 135, 159, 162
238 Index Yamamoto Gonnohyõe, 22 Yantai, 48, 53, 54, 57, 59, 60, 104, 105, 125, 162, 173, 174, 175, 176, 178, 185, 186, 191 Yashima, 28, 60, 202 “yellow peril,” 6, 153 Yihetuan Movement. See Boxer Rebellion Yingkou, 32, 58, 64,106, 192 Yorozu Chöhõ, 11 Yoshino, 28 Zulu War, 151
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Sweeney, Michael S. 1958- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1053161492 (DE-588)1211367959 |
| author_facet | Sweeney, Michael S. 1958- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Sweeney, Michael S. 1958- |
| author_variant | m s s ms mss |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046576816 |
| classification_rvk | NP 6005 NP 6600 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1164653360 (DE-599)BVBBV046576816 |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV046576816 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:47:46Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781793617903 9781793617927 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031988670 |
| oclc_num | 1164653360 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-11 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-706 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-11 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-706 |
| physical | xix, 239 Seiten Illustrationen, Porträts |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20200626 BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2020 |
| publishDateSearch | 2020 |
| publishDateSort | 2020 |
| publisher | Lexington Books |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Sweeney, Michael S. 1958- Verfasser (DE-588)1053161492 aut Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence Michael S. Sweeney and Natascha Toft Roelsgaard Journalism & the Russo-Japanese War End of the golden age of combat correspondence Lanham Lexington Books [2020] © 2020 xix, 239 Seiten Illustrationen, Porträts txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Russisch-Japanischer Krieg (DE-588)4129105-0 gnd rswk-swf Pressezensur (DE-588)4175666-6 gnd rswk-swf Kriegsberichterstattung (DE-588)4033120-9 gnd rswk-swf Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 / Press coverage Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 / Journalists Russo-Japanese War, 1904-1905 / Censorship Freedom of the press / Japan / History / 20th century Government and the press / Japan / History / 20th century War correspondents Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) Censorship Freedom of the press Government and the press Journalists Press coverage Japan 1900-1999 History Russisch-Japanischer Krieg (DE-588)4129105-0 s Kriegsberichterstattung (DE-588)4033120-9 s Pressezensur (DE-588)4175666-6 s DE-604 Roelsgaard, Natascha Toft Sonstige (DE-588)1211367959 oth Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-7936-1791-0 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031988670&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031988670&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031988670&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Sweeney, Michael S. 1958- Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence Russisch-Japanischer Krieg (DE-588)4129105-0 gnd Pressezensur (DE-588)4175666-6 gnd Kriegsberichterstattung (DE-588)4033120-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4129105-0 (DE-588)4175666-6 (DE-588)4033120-9 |
| title | Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence |
| title_alt | Journalism & the Russo-Japanese War End of the golden age of combat correspondence |
| title_auth | Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence |
| title_exact_search | Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence |
| title_full | Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence Michael S. Sweeney and Natascha Toft Roelsgaard |
| title_fullStr | Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence Michael S. Sweeney and Natascha Toft Roelsgaard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War the end of the golden age of combat correspondence Michael S. Sweeney and Natascha Toft Roelsgaard |
| title_short | Journalism and the Russo-Japanese War |
| title_sort | journalism and the russo japanese war the end of the golden age of combat correspondence |
| title_sub | the end of the golden age of combat correspondence |
| topic | Russisch-Japanischer Krieg (DE-588)4129105-0 gnd Pressezensur (DE-588)4175666-6 gnd Kriegsberichterstattung (DE-588)4033120-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Russisch-Japanischer Krieg Pressezensur Kriegsberichterstattung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031988670&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031988670&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031988670&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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