The Russian job: the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine
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| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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London
Picador
2019
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | 303 Seiten Illustrationen, Porträts, Karte |
| ISBN: | 9781509882892 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Russian job |b the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine |c Douglas Smith |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS MAP ХІ PROLOGUE: MR. WOLFE’S HORRIFYING DISCOVERY 1921 7 1922 95 1923 233 A NOTE ON SOURCES SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INDEX 287 275 277 285 3
Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. ACRFR, see American Committee for Russian Famine Relief African Americans, 268 agriculture, 87-88, 227, 267 Aivazovsky, Ivan, 10 Alexander Palace, 49 Allen, Ronald, 251-52, 260 All-Russian Committee for Aid to the Starving, 28—30, 38—39 “American Century, The” (Luce), 272-73 American Committee for Russian Famine Relief (ACRFR), 122 American Farm Bureau Federation, 89 American Labor Alliance, 34-35 American Reconstruction Administration, 181 Américain Relief Administration (ARA), 4; All-Russian Committee for Aid to the Starving and, 29; assistants arrested by GPU, 265—66; attacks on, 121; Baker in, 35; baseball games, 179,181; Bell in, 101-104,118, 232,253-54, 262; Blandy in, 136, 175; Blue House and Pink House of, 217; Bobrinsky, Golitsyn families and, 218-19; Bukharin on, 90-91; on cannibalism, 144, 151-52; Carroll and, 45-46, 53-54, 61; Chicherin
288 INDEX American ReliefAdministration (cont.) on, 255; clothing distributed by, 186-87,187-, Cold War in, 270; conditions of, 27-28; corn and, 140—41, 156—57, 160—64; couriers and, 213; Dailey in, 261; Dearborn Independent against, 35; Eiduk and, 60-61, 75-76, 78, 91-92; farewell banquet, 254-57,256-, Fleming and, 192-93, 211-12, 221, 240-45; Gibbs in, 64—65; Godfrey in, 242; Golder in, 45, 48, 76-78,130,177; Gorky on, 191-92; heavy drinking in, 78; Hibben in, 232; history of, expunged by Soviet government, 269—70; inoculation campaign by, 184-85, 185; Izvestiia on, 230, 265-66; Kamenev on, 255-57; Kelly in, 97-102, 104-109, 139, 172-73; Lander on, 207, 231; Lenin on, 32-33, 37; liquidation of, 209, 231, 250-51, 254; Lonergan in, 62, 78, 101; map of operations, xi; medical relief by, 52-53, 242; medical supplies and, 185-86; menu, 163; Mischka as mascot of, 103, 103; mission, ending, 231; mission creep, 186-89; in Moscow, 47, 184, 186, 206, 237; Muslim clerics and, 137-38, 138; negotiations with Soviet government, 31-32, 34—37; New York City warehouse of, 91; The New York Times on, 247-48; number of people fed by, 189, 257; oneyear anniversary banquet for, 207; operations map, xi; in Orenburg, 212—15; Pavlov supported by, 188; peasants on, 197-98, 216; personnel, 57, 61,64-65, 105-107,124,142, 265-66; in Petrograd, 185, 186; political pressure in United States, 28; popularity of, 183-84, 191; pull out from Russia, 250-53; Red Cross and, 53; reunions in New York, 261, 264, 270-71; Russian women and, 219-20; in Samara, 76,103, 152, 180, 231, 251, 257-58; scholars,
physicians, and, 187-88; smuggling scandal, 222-23; Stalin on, 90-91; in Tetiushi, 165, 166; trains and, 129-30,132,133,156-58; transport column, 125; Trotsky on, 33; typhus at, 70-71, 106-107; Ukraine and, 78-79, 189, 230; vehicle fleet, 86—87; Vilenkina on, 252; Wahren and, 75; Walsh in, 247-48; Wolfe in, 144-45; YMCA gift to, 188; see also Cheka, ARA and; Childs, J. Rives, in ARA; Haskell, William, in ARA; Hoover, Herbert, ARA and; Kazan, ARA in; kitchens, ARA; Soviet government, ARA and; State Political Directorate (GPU), ARA and; Ufa, ARA in anti-Bolsheviks, 28-30 anti-Semitism, 190-91 Antonov, Alexander, 14-16, 39 Antonov-Ovseenko, Vladimir, 92, 115 ARA, see American Relief Administration A.R.A. Association Review, 261 Argayash, 118 Associated Press, 251 Austria, 193 Baird, Simon, 103-104 Baker, George Barr, 35, 99-100 Baldwin, Philip, 220 baseball, 179,181 Bashkir Republic, 171-72, 253-54 Bashkirs, 102, 108, 170-72 Belgium, 22-23, 22-24 Bell, Walter, 118; in ARA, 101-104, 118, 232, 253-54, 262; Elperine and, 101-102, 135, 253, 262; Haskell and, 101, 178-79; Hofstra and, 105; with Mischka, 103; typhus recovery, 104,105; in Ufa, 101-105,
INDEX 253—54, 262; see also Kelly, William, Walter Bell and Bergfeld, Edward, 100 Black Sea, 59-60,127-28, 135-36, 248 Blanc-Garin, Mathilde, 153-54, 182, 200, 225-26 Blandy, Harold, 269-70; in ARA, 136, 175; funeral in Moscow, 174, 174-, Kelly and, 136,137, 138,173-74; in Ufa, 136 Blomquist, Alvin, 180 Blue House, 217 Bobrinskaya, Alexandra, 218, 220 Bobrinskaya, Sonya, 218—19 Bolshaya Glushitsa, 147 Bolshevik Party, 5 Bolshevik Red Army, 12-16; see also Red Army Bolsheviks, 11; anti-Bolsheviks on, 28-30; on bread, 12; famine and, 16; Golder on, 204; peasants and, 14—15, 264; Red Scare and, 29-30 Bolshevism, 24-28, 34, 80, 89 Bolshoi Theater, 207 Book ofthe Famine, The, 148-49 Boxer Rebellion, 20 Boyd, John H., 58, 224 brain, 172; cannibals and, 4-5, 115; of Gorky, 269 bread, 11; Bolsheviks on, 12; Gregory on, 34; hunger bread, 10, 118; rations, 15 Britain, 21-22 Brown, Walter Lyman: Fleming and, 193; Haskell to, 87; Hoover and, 32-33, 35-37, 39, 93; Litvinov and, 36-37; Quinn and, 31; Rickard to, 64; in Riga negotiations, 31—32 Brussels World’s Fair, 270 Brylkine, Pavel, 153 Brylkine-Klokachëva, Georgina de: Blanc-Garin and, 153-54, 182, 200, 225-26; Childs and, 153-56, 167-68,181-82, 199-202, 225-26, 263; death of, 263; Fechin’s portrait of, 202,202 Buckley, Harold, 164 Budkevich, Monsignor Konstantin, 249-50 Bukharin, Nikolai, 90-91, 228 Bulgakov, Mikhail, 46 Burns, Allen T., 214 cannibalism, 3; Antonov-Ovseenko on, 115; ARA on, 144, 151-52; brains and, 4-5, 115; famine and, 92-93, 113-14, 146-51, 147-, Famine Museum photographs of, 146-47, 147՛, Kelly on, 144; of
Mukhin, 149—50; The New York Times on, 152; peasants against, 151; in Pugachev County, 115-16, 147, 151; in Samara Province, 152; Sorokin on, 113-14; Soviet reports on, 146; starvation and, 112, 116, 147, 149-51; in Ufa, 148; Vasilevsky on, 146-48; Wolfe on, 4, 4-5,144-46, 152 capitalism, 80, 229-30 Carroll, Philip, 31,45-46, 53—54, 61,78 Caucasus, the, 237-39,238, 250 Central Commission for the Struggle Against the Consequences of the Famine (Posledgol), 206, 208, 231, 252 Chegodaeva, Princess, 200-201 Cheka, 14-16; All-Russian Committee for Aid to the Starving and, 39; Lenin on, 59-60, 93; see aho State Political Directorate (GPU) Cheka, ARA and: arrests by, 74-75; Childs and, 54, 74—75; Golder and, 76-77; Russian personnel and, 124; Simson and, 57; spying, 57—58; surveillance, 71, 123; trains, 119 Chelyabinsk, 116, 118 Chicago Tribune, 40, 80 Chicherin, Georgy, 36, 59—60, 123, 227, 255,256 289
290 INDEX children’s homes, 52, 52, 84, 117, 242 Childs, J. Rives, 40, 43, 47-48; Blanc-Garin and, 182, 225-26; Carroll and, 46; Cheka and, 54, 74—75; Cox and, 224; Fechin portrait of, 75, 119, 200-201; on Gibbs, 64; Haskell and, 119-20, 181-82, 223; Hoover and, 43; inspection by, 224; at Kazan Institute of Art, 74; Kelly and, 98-99, 119, 145; Molostova and, 265; on Moscow, 45-46, 119, 223; on peasants, 197, 201-202; on Pecherets, 180; Red Days in Russia by, 201; resignation, 223—24; Riga Agreement violations by, 222; Russia and, 42-43, 45, 80, 263; on Sarapul, 198; Simson and, 56-57, 68, 83-84, 196, 199; smuggling by, 222—23; on socialism, 202; on Soviet government, 180-81; in Tatar Republic, 80-84, 199; typhus of 119-20; on Ural Mountains, 198-99; Wahren and, 55-56, 74-75, 155; on Wilson, 80 Childs, J. Rives, Brylkine-Klokachëva and: Blanc-Garin and, 154, 182, 200, 225-26; death of BrylkineKlokachëva, 263; engagement of 201; Fechin portrait and, 202, 202; letters of 155-56, 167-68, 182, 199-200; meeting, 153-54; in Petrograd, 181-82, 199 Childs, J. Rives, in ARA: Carroll and, 46; on famine, 65-67, 73, 81-82, 84, 166; Golder and, 44; Kilpatrick and, 43-44; in Moscow, 45-46; on Samara, 180;Ъп train to Kazan, 54-55; in Yugoslavia, 41-43 Childs, J. Rives, in Kazan, 165, 196, 199; Christmas, 84-85; Herter and, 181; Kazan Institute ofArt, 74; at kitchen, 68; at opera, 69; resignation of 224; Simson and, 56-57; smuggling scandal, 222-23; staff of 58; typhus and, 70-71, 119-20; Wahren and, 55-56, 155 China, 260 cholera inoculation, 185 Christensen, Parley R, 230 Christian Science
Monitor, The, 263 Chukovsky, Korney, 183-84 clothing, ARA distribution of 186-87, 187 Cold War, 270 collectivization, 267 Commission for Relief in Belgium (CRB), 22-24 communism, 26, 176, 205-206, 228, 264-65 concentration camps, 16 Coolidge, Calvin, 266-68 corn: ARA and, 140-41, 156-57, 160—64; in famine, 160—64; Kelly, Bell, and, 140; Novorossiisk arrival, 127; in railcars, 129, 140; on SS Deepwater, 128; on SS Winnebago, 127; U.S., 160—64,162; in Vyleski, 244 Council of People’s Commissars, 255-57 couriers, 213-14 Cox, John E., 224 CRB, see Commission for Relief in Belgium Dagestan Republic, 237-39 Dailey, Arthur T., 260-61 Dan, Fyodor, 12 Davenport, Walter, 104 Dearborn Independent, 35 Debs, Eugene V., 42 Discourses on Livy (Machiavelli), 5 drought, 9-11 Duranty, Walter, 248 Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 124-25, 127, 158-59,159 Easley, Ralph M., 122 economic reconstruction of Russia, 227-30
INDEX Eiduk, Alexander, 60; ARA and, 60-61, 75-76, 78, 91-92; Haskell and, 158—59; in Izvestiia, 91 Elabuga, 69 Eliot, Sigrid, 235-36 Eliot, Tom, 235-36 Elperine, Boris: Bell and, 101-102, 135, 253, 262; Kelly and, 101-102, 109,170,172,179 Emma (ARA laundress), 62, 62-63 exiles, 114 exports, of Russian grain, 226-27, 230, 248-49 famine: ACRFR, 122; Bolsheviks and, 16; brides, 220; cannibalism and, 92-93,113-14,146-51,147; children dying of, 66,117; children’s home in, 52,52, 84, 117; Childs on, 65-67,73, 81-82, 84, 166; corn in, 160-64; drought and, 10—11; of 1891, 10—11; Fleming on, 212, 220; food in, 66-67, 133-34; Golder on, 50-51; Haskell on, 178; Hibben on, 232; Kelly on, 116-18; Lenin on, 11; morgue, 65; of 1921, 11, 16-17; number of deaths in, 257; orphan of, 211; refugees of, 16-17, 17, 51, 53,55, 66, 132; relief, 23, 93, 126; in Samara Province, 28, 51-52, 231; shock, 64; Sorokin on, 111-14; Soviet government on, 16, 143-44, 192, 258; starvation and, 112; thatched roofs and, 167; on Volga River, 48 Famine: A Short History (Grada), 257« Famine Museum in Samara, 146—47, 147, 147« farewell banquet for ARA, 254-57,256 February Revolution, 44 Fechin, Nikolai, 74, 75, 119, 200-202, 202 First World War, 11,21-22 Fisher, Harold, 203, 253 Five-Year Plan, 266-67 Fleming, Harold, 194; in ARA, 192-93, 211-12, 221, 240-45; Bobrinskaya, S., and, 219; Brown and, 193; in China, 260; Dailey and, 260-61; on famine, 212; on famine fighting, 220; Galchenko and, 245—46, 259-60; George and, 242-45; Haskell and, 210; kitchen inspections by, 243; Laptev and, 261-62; in Moscow, 194—95,
217, 221, 259-60; in New York City, 261; in Orenburg, 210, 212, 215; on Russia, 260—61; Russia tour, 240—46; in Samara, 215-16, 240; in Ufa, 216—17; Zhirnova and, 194-95, 216-17, 221 Floete, Carl, 100 floods of 1927, U.S., 267-68 food: bread, 10-12, 15, 34, 118; corn, 127-29, 140-41, 156-57, 160-64, 162, 244; in famine, 66-67, 133-34; shipping, 48; transport trains, 129-30, 132, 133; United States Food Administration, 23-24, 87; as weapon, 25, 36 Ford, Henry, 35 foreign aid, appropriations bill, 88-90, 93, 127 Fourth World Congress of the Communist International, 226-27 Fox-Trot Affair, the, 220 Galchenko, Nadezhda, 245-46, 259-60 Garner, William, 137, 143 Genoa Conference, 157—58, 176-77 George (Russian interpreter), 242-45 Germany, 22, 25, 157-58 Gest, Morris, 188-89 Gibbs, Philip, 64-65 God, 112-13 Godfrey, MarkD., 185-86, 242 gold, 93 Golder, Frank, 45, 46, 53, 67; in ARA, 45,48, 76-78, 130,177; 291
292 INDEX Golder, Frank (cont.) Gregory, TTC., 34 on Bolsheviks, 204; in the Caucasus, Griffith, D. W, 217 237-39,238, 250; on Cheka, 76-77; Grove, William R., 204 Childs and, 44; on culture, 236-37; in Dagestan, 237-38; death of, Hague, The, 176-77 264-65; to the Eliots, 235—36; on Harding, Warren G., 42, 87-88, 90, famine, 50-51; on famine brides, 109, 189, 266 220; Fisher and, 203; on food, in Harold Blandy Memorial Hospital, famine, 133-34; on grain, 130; to 174, 269 Herter, 204-205, 240; Hoover and, Haskell, William, 79, 91; Bell and, 45, 93-94, 131,177; at Hoover War 101, 110, 178-79; to Brown, 87; Collection, 44-45; Hutchinson Childs and, 119-20,181-82, 223; and, 131-32; on institute for on communism, 265; on economic Russian studies, 263-64; in Kiev, reconstruction of Russia, 227-28; 204; in Moscow, 77, 79, 130-31; on famine, 178; at farewell banquet, Oldenbourg and, 205; Radek and, 256·, Fleming and, 210; Hoover and, 79-80, 205-206, 240; on Russia, 87, 158, 178,189,227-29, 248-49; 80, 205-206,236,254, 264; on Kamenev and, 158-60, 226, 228, Samara, 51-52; in Tatar Republic, 251,255-57; Kelly and, 99,110,175, 48-49; Ukraine and, 78-79, 130-31 178-79; Lander and, 207-209; Lenin Goldman, Emma, 29 and, 227—31; in Moscow, 157; on Golitsyn, Kirill, 218 peasants, 267; Quinn and, 61, 62, Golitsyna, Sofia, 218 223, 231; on Riga Agreement, 76, Golitsyn family, 218-19 130—31; on Russian grain exports, goly khleb (hunger bread), 10, 118 226—27; on Russia’s future, 265; Good Peace, the, 26 Ukraine and, 130-31 Goodrich, James P., 64, 88-89, 177 Haskell, William, in ARA; Eiduk
and, Gorky, Maxim, 17-18, 40; on 158—59; on GPU, 124; Hoover, on American generosity, 191, 273; on anti-Soviet attitude of, 61—62; in ARA, 191—92; brain of, 269; Hoover Kazan, 63-64; Lander and, 208-209; and, 27, 30,32,191 pull-out from Russia, 192, 250-51; Gorodishche, 242-43 Riga Agreement and, 208; Soviet GPU, see State Political Directorate government and, 178 (GPU) Herter, Christian, 29, 35, 181, 204-205, Grada, Cornac О, 257ո 236, 240 grain: exports, Russian, 226—27, Hibben, Paxton, 232, 236 230, 248-49; Golder on, 130; Hofstra, Piet, 123, 135-36; Bell and, Midwestern, 10; of peasants, 105; Kelly and, 137-38,138; in 13—14; quota, 13; revolts against Ufa, 169 requisitioning, 14; shipments of, Hoover, Herbert, 23; on Bolshevism, 128; Soviet gold purchasing, 93; 24—27; Brown and, 32-33, Trotsky on, 12 35-37, 39, 93; childhood, 19-20; Great Depression, 268-69 Childs and, 43; on communism, Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 270 26; Coolidge and, 266-68; in Gregg, John, 48, 50 Commission for Relief in Belgium,
INDEX 22-24; early career, 20—21; on famine relief, 23, 93; in World War I, 21—22; on flood relief effort of 1927, 268; Golder and, 45, 131, 177; Gorky and, 27, 30, 32, 191; on GPU arrests, 265-66; Great Depression and, 268-69; Gregory on, 34; Harding and, 88, 189; Haskell and, 87, 158, 178, 189, 227-29, 248-49; Hibben on, 232; to House Committee on Foreign Affairs, 88-89; to Hutchinson, 250; International Chamber of Commerce speech, 176-78; Izvestiia on, 270; Kelly and, 98—99; Keynes and, 25-26; Lenin and, 26, 32-33; Litvinov and, 36-37; on Navy, 127—28; on Nicholas II, 21; portrait of, 82; Radek on, 177-78; on Red Scare, 29-30; Roosevelt and, 269; Russia and, 21, 122-23, 176-77, Til; on Russian economy, 227, 229; on Russian grain exports, 227; as secretary of commerce, 18, 27; Soviet government and, 34-35, 88, 123, 177-78, 249; at United States Food Administration, 23-24; in Ural Mountains, 21; Wilson and, 23-25 Hoover, Herbert, ARA and, 5-6, 24-28, 32, 36-38, 192, 231; foreign aid appropriations bill, 90; Golder on, 93-94; Harding and, 189; Haskell and, 61-62; reunions, 270—71; Soviet Russia on, 121 Hoover War Library, 44-45, 131, 263 Horrifying Chronicle ofthe Famine, A (Vasilevsky), 147-48 House Committee on Foreign Affairs, 88-89 House of Representatives, U.S., 90 Hughes, Charles Evans, 27-28, 88, 176, 251, 266 Hullinger, Edwin, 80-81 Hungary, 34 hunger bread (goly khleb), 10, 118 Hutchinson, Lincoln, 131—32, 250-51, 264 inoculation campaign, of ARA, 184-85,185 International Chamber of Commerce, 176-78 International Committee for Russian Relief, 38 IntoUrance (1916),
217 Iron Broom campaign, 13 Izvestiia, 146, 206-207; on ARA menu, 163; on ARA operation in Ukraine, 189, 230; on ARA spies, 265-66; on cannibalism, 147; Eiduk in, 91; on Hoover, 270; on smuggling scandal, 223 Kalinin, Mikhail, 60, 163 Kamenev, Lev: on ARA, 255-57; at farewell banquet, 256; on grain exports, 248-49; Haskell and, 158-60, 226, 228, 251,255-57; Lenin and, 30, 32 Kameneva, Olga, 253, 269 Karakulino, 197-98 Karklin (plenipotentiary in Samara), 190-91,251-52 Kazan, 48, 245 Kazan, ARA in, 50, 53, 160; Haskell in, 63—64; kitchen, 68; number of people fed by, 67; train ride to, 54-55; warehouse of, 70; see also Childs, J. Rives, in Kazan Kazan Institute of Art, 74 Kellogg, Vernon, 63 Kelly, William, 100; in ARA, 97-102, 104-109, 139, 172-73; Baker and, 99-100; with Bashkirs, 170-72; Blandy and, 136,137, 138, 173-74; on cannibalism, 144; Childs and, 98-99, 119, 145; Elperine and, 109, 170, 172, 179; on famine, 116-18; Garner and, 143; grain and, 135-36; 293
294 INDEX Kelly, William {cont) Haskell and, 99, ПО, 175; Hofstra and, 137-38, 138; Hoover and, 98-99; in Moscow, 100-101, 179; in New York City, 262—63; Red Army soldier to, 140; in Riga, 100; on Russians, 141-42; Seymour and, 99-101,105-108,118, 139-42, 179, 263; in Ufa, 105, 116, 118, 135; on violence, 106-107 Kelly, William, Walter Bell and: corn and, 140; Elperine and, 101-102; GPU and, 141; Haskell on, 110, 178-79; in Ufa, 104-105, 139-42, 169-70,173, 175 Keynes, John Maynard, 25-26 Kharkov, 78 Khrushchev, Nikita, 270 Kiev, 204 Kilpatrick, Emmett, 43-44 Kirghiz Republic, 142 kitchens, ARA, 48, 86, 105-106; committees for, 67—68; Fleming inspecting, 243; Hermitage Restaurant, 271; inspecting, 68-69; in Kazan, 68; in Nicholas II’s palace, 49; in Volga region, 72 Krasin, Leonid, 93, 227, 256 Kratz, Clayton, 175 Laishev, 67-69 Lambert, Ambrose, 80-81 Lander, Karl, 159,160, 198, 207-209, 231, 256 Lansing, Robert, 26 Laptev, Aleksei, 102, 253-54, 261-62 Latvia, 31, 37 Leavesfrom a Russian Diary (Sorokin), 112 Lend-Lease program, 271—72 Lenin, Vladimir, 5, 11; on All-Russian Committee for Aid to the Starving, 28-29, 39; on ARA, 32-33, 37; brain of, 269; on capitalism, 229-30; on Cheka, 59-60, 93; Chicherin and, 59-60; on famine, 11; on Genoa Conference, 157; Haskell and, 227-31; Hoover and, 26, 32—33; International Workers’ Committee for Aid to the Starving in Russia of, 37-38; Kamenev and, 30, 32; to Litvinov, 32; Nansen and, 38-39; on peasants, 12-13; philosophers exiled by, 114; on revolution, 11; on Riga negotiations, 38; on Sorokin, 114; Stalin and, 13, 38, 74, 90;
Tenth Party Congress, 15; on the United States, 228-29 lice, 44, 52, 81, 83,214 Life, 272-73 Liggett, Walter, 122 liquidation of ARA, 209, 231, 250-51, 254 Litvinov, Maxim, 31-32, 35-37, 256 Lodge, Henry Cabot, 23 Lonergan, Thomas C., 62, 78, 101 Lubyanka Prison, 43-44 Luce, Henry, 272—73 Lykes, Gibbes, 103 Lynch, Arthur Alfred, 54 Lynchburg News, 73 Machiavelli, Niccolò, 5 makhorka, 217 malaria, 185 Mamadysh, 81-82 Marx, Karl, 166 Marxism, 228 Marxists, 33 mass starvation, 109-110; see aho starvation medical relief by ARA, 52-53, 242 medical supplies, 185-86 Melekess, 4, 145, 160 Mikhailovsky, Vasily, 226 Minnesota, 10 Mischka (bear cub), 103,103 Mississippi River, 267-68 Molostova (Childs’s assistant), 265
INDEX Molotov, Vyacheslav, 32-33, 126 Mondell, Frank W, 89 morgue, 65 Moscow, 39,47-48, 53-54; ARA farewell banquet in, 254-55; ARA in, 47, 184, 186, 206, 237; Blandy’s funeral in, 174,174; Childs on, 45-46,119,223; Flemingin, 194-95, 217, 221, 259-60; Golder in, 77, 79, 130-31; Haskell in, 157; Kelly in, 100-101, 179; Lubyanka Prison, 43—44; Orenburg and, 213—14; Wolfe on, 145,152 Mountaineers, the, 237 Mukhin, Pyotr, 149,149-50 Mukhtarova, Fatma, 69 murder, 3, 139, 147-48, 151-52, 268 Muslim clerics at ARA office, 137-38,138 Nansen, Fridtjof, 18, 38-39, 189, 192 Nation, The, 34, 89, 232,236, 249 Navy, U.S., 127—28 New Economic Policy (NEP), 15, 205 New Republic, 89 New Worldsfor Old (Wells), 202 New York City: ARA reunions in, 261, 264, 270-71; ARA warehouse in, 91; Fleming in, 261; Kelly in, 262—63 New York Evening Post, 106 New York Times, The, 152, 247-48, 271-72 New York Tribune, 89 Nicholas II (tsar), 21, 49, 264 Ninth All-Russian Congress of Soviets, 90 Novorossiisk, 127,130-32, 139-40 Odessa, 127-29,128,187, 254 Oldenbourg, Sergei, 205 Orenburg: ARA in, 212-15; Fleming in, 210, 212, 215; Moscow and, 213—14; Ural Mountains near, 212 Orsk, 164 Palchich (arrested former nobleman), 265 Palmer, A. Mitchell, 29 Partisan Army, 14 Pavlov, Ivan, 188 peasants: on ARA, 197-98, 216; Bolsheviks on, 14-15, 264; against cannibalism, 151; Childs on, 197, 201-202; farmers, 10; GPU clashes with, 126; grain of, 13-14; Haskell on, 267; Lenin on, 12-13; punitive treatment of, 124—25; revolts, 14-15; thatched roofs of, 167 Pecherets, 179—80, 180, 199 personnel, of ARA, 57, 61, 64—65,
105- 107,124, 142 Petrograd: ARA in, 186; ARA inoculating children in, 185; Childs and Brylkine-Klokachëva in, 181-82, 199; strikes in, 15; workers in, 11-12, 15; Yudenich in, 26 Petrovsk, 237, 239 Pink House, 217 Politburo, 37, 74,227-29 Poshdgol (Central Commission for the Struggle Against the Consequences of the Famine), 206, 208, 231, 252 Prague, 193 Pravda, 16-17, 90-91, 146, 157, 206 prison, GPU, 219 Pugachev County, 100; cannibalism in, 115-16, 147,151; crop failure in, 207; Pugachev Rebellion of 1773-75, 106-107 Quakers, 19-20 Quinn, Cyril, 207; Brown and, 31; at farewell banquet, 256; Haskell and, 61, 62, 223, 231 Radek, Karl, 256; Golder and, 79-80, 205-206, 240; Hoover on, 177-78 rail system, Russian, 109-110, 156-58, 241; see aho trains Red Army: American aid and, 90; Antonov against, 14-16; Bolshevik, 295
296 INDEX Red Army {cont) 12-16; deserters of, in Partisan Army, 14; Kelly and, 140; Kilpatrick as prisoner of, 43-44; Simson in, 56-57; Stalin and, 13 Red Cross, 38,43-44, 53, 268 Red Days in Russia (Childs), 201 Redfield, William C., 89 Red Newspaper, 33 Red Scare, 29-30, 89 Reed, John, 41 refugees of famine, 132-33; camp in Samara for, 55; death, 66; family of, 17; in Kazan, 48; on trains, 5Լ 53; from Volga Basin, 16-17 reunions, ofARA, 270-71 revolution, 11-12, 106-107 Rickard, Edgar, 64 Riga, 43, 100 Riga Agreement, 92; Cheka arrests under, 74-75; Childs violating, 222; Haskell on, 76, 130-31, 208; Lander on, 208; signing, 37; Soviet government on, 230-31 Riga negotiations: Brown in, 31-32; Lenin on, 38; Litvinov on, 35—36; Wolfe on, 144 Ringland, Arthur C., 193 Rollins, Francis, 116 Romanovs, the, 11, 44, 49, 226—27, 241 Roosevelt, Franklin D., 266, 269, 271 Rostov-on-Don, 133-34 RSFSR, see Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic Russia: ARA operations map, xi; ARA popularity in, 183-84, 191; ARA pull-out from, 250-53; Childs and, 42—43, 45, 80, 263; civil war, 11—12; economic reconstruction of, 227—30; Fleming and, 240-46, 260—61; foreign aid to, 88-90; Golder on, 80, 205-206, 236, 254, 264; grain exports from, 226—27, 230, 248—49; Haskell on, 265; Hoover and, 21, 122-23, 176-77, 227; industrialization, 10; institute for studying, 263—64; rail system, 156—58; U.S. trade with, 266; violence in, 106-107; Wolfe in, 4-5; see ako Soviet government; specific topics՛, specific towns and districts Russian Orthodox Church, 17,107, 126-27, 261 Russian Socialist Federative
Soviet Republic (RSFSR), 92,92n Ryabushinsky, Paul, 29, 35 Ryazantseva, Yelena, 103—104 Rybinsk, 247 Salisbury, Harrison, 271-72 Samara Province, 101, 111-12, 145; Allen on, 251-52, 260; cannibalism in, 152; famine in, 28, 51-52, 231; Famine Museum, 146—47,147, 47n-, Golder on, 51-52; refugee camp in, 55; Wolfe in, 4 Samara Province, ARA in: Allen at, 251-52; Childs on, 180; Fleming in, 215-16, 240; Lykes in, 103; Soviet government on, 76; villagers thankful for, 257-58 Samarin family, 219 Sarapul, 198, 224 Saratov, 111-12 Sawtelle, R. H., 262 Sedova, Natalya, 63 Semashko, Nikolai, 146, 256 Senate, U.S., 25, 29, 88-90 serfdom, 267 Seymour, Jane, 99—101, 105-108, 118, 139-42,179, 263 Shafroth, William, 48, 52 Sharp, Evelyn, 114 Shield, Philip, 175 Siberia, 51-52,116, 124-25 Simbirsk, 11, 129,129,181 Simson, William: Cheka and, 57; Childs and, 56-57, 68, 83-84,196,
INDEX 199; louse bite, 81, 83; in Red Army, 56-57; typhus of, 83-84 Skvortsov, Mikhail, 83, 83 smuggling scandal, 222-23 socialism, 182, 202 socialist society, 80 Sorochinsk, 72 Sorokin, Pitirim, 111-14 Soviet gold, 93 Soviet government: on cannibalism, 146; on capital investment, 229-30; Childs on, 180-81; on famine, 16, 143-44, 192, 258; Hoover and, 34-35, 88, 123, 177-78, 249; Kalinin in, 60; officials, 4-5, 187; officials on peasants, 197—98; Riga Agreement and, 230-31; U.S. relationship with, 176-78, 266; see also Cheka; State Political Directorate (GPU) Soviet government, ARA and, 258; erasing history of 5-6, 269-70; Haskell and, 178; Haskell, Lander, and, 208-209; negotiations with, 31—32, 34-37; one-year anniversary banquet, 207; in Samara Province, 76; trains, 129-30 Soviet Russia (publication), 121 Soviet Union: collapse of 272; drought of 1920, 9; Lend-Lease program and, 271-72; Stalin and, 267; U.S. diplomatic relations with, 266; see also Russia Spargo, John, 28-29 SS Deepwater, 128 SS Phoenix, 48 SS Ryndam, 193 SS Varlen, 65 SS Winnebago, 127, 130 SS Winneconne, 128 Stalin, Joseph, 12; on ARA, 90-91; Lenin and, 13, 38, 74, 90; Red Army and, 13; Soviet Union and, 267 Stanislavsky, Konstantin, 188-89 starvation: cannibalism and, 112, 116, 147, 149-51; of children, 117՝, of human body, 166-67; mass, 109-110; Sorokin on, 111-12; in Ufa, 245 State Political Directorate (GPU): Dzerzhinsky at, 124-25; peasants clashing with, 126; prison, 219 State Political Directorate (GPU), ARA and: distrust of 189-91; Haskell on, 124; inspections by, 251—52; internal report on,
189-90; Kelly, Bell, and, 141; Russian personnel arrested by, 124, 265-66; Unshlikht and, 127 Sterlitamak, 135, 171,171, 175 stock-market crash of 1929, 268 suicide, 92, 148, 220 Tambov Province, 16 Tatar Republic, 199, 243; Childs in, 80-84, 199; Golder in, 48-49; Wahren to leaders of 75 Tenth Party Congress, 15 Tetiushi, 81, 82, 165, 166 thatched roofs, 167 Tikhon, Patriarch, 126 Tolstoy, Leo, 10 trains: ARA, 129-30, 132,133, 156-58; Cheka and, 119; corn in, 129, 140; couriers and, 213-14; rail system problems, 156-58; refugees on, 51, 53; Trans-Siberian Railway, 109-110, 241 transport column, ARA, 125 transport trains, for food, 129-30, 132, 133 Trans-Siberian Railway, 109-110, 241 Traynham, Floyd, 137 Treaty of Rapallo, 157-58 Trotsky, Leon, 12, 33, 126, 228, 264 Tsaritsyn, 125 Tsarskoe Selo, 49 297
298 INDEX Tukhachevsky, Mikhail, 15-16, 92 Turner, Van Arsdale, 58 typhus, 131; at ARA, 70-71, 106-107; Bell recovering from, 104,105; of Childs, 119-20; inoculation against, 185; of Simson, 83-84 176—78, 266; trade with Russia, 266; War Department, 90 United States Food Administration, 23-24, 87 Unshlikht, Iosif, 127 Ural Mountains, 77; Childs on, 198-99; Hoover in, 21; mass starvation east of, 109-110; Orenburg near, 212; Ufa near, 86, 102, 140; Zlatoust in, 116 Ural River, 212—13 USS Gilmer, 127 Ufa, 108-110,253՛, cannibalism in, 148; Harold Blandy Memorial Hospital, 174; starvation in, 245; Ural Mountains and, 86, 102, 140 Ufa, ARA in: Bell and, 101-105, 253-54, 262; Blandy in, 136, Vasilevsky, Lev, 146-48 174; clerics visiting, 137-38, 138; vehicle fleet of ARA, 86-87 Fleming in, 216-17; Garner in, Veil, Charles, 40-41 143; Hofstra at, 169; Kelly, Bell, Versailles Treaty, 25 and, 104-105, 139-42, 169-70, Vilenkina (plenipotentiary in 173, 175; Kelly in, 105, 116, Yekaterinburg Province), 252 118, 135 violence, 106—107 Ukraine, 190, 245; ARA and, 78-79, Volga District, 36, 64, 248; ARA 189, 230; Golder and, 78-79, kitchens in, 72; malaria outbreak, 130-31; Haskell and, 130-31; 185; refugees from, 16—17 Izvestiia on ARA operation in, Volga River, 201; Childs on, 65; 189, 230 famine along, 48; Golder on, 77; Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic, 78 Simbirsk railway bridge, 129՛, Ulyanova, Anna, 11 Wolfe on, 4 Ulyanov, Vladimir, see Lenin, Vyselki, 243—44 Vladimir Umatovo, 80—81 Wahren, Ivar, 54; ARA and, 75; United Press, 80 Chegodaeva and, 200-201; Childs United States
(U.S.): agriculture, and, 55—56, 74—75, 155; in Kazan, 87-88; corn, 160-64, 162՛, 55-56,155 diplomatic relations with, 266; Walker, Herschel, 153 floods of 1927, 267-68; Gorky on Walsh, James B., 247-48 generosity of, 191, 273; Gorky’s War Department, U.S., 90 appeal to, 18; House of Watson, Tom, 89—90 Representatives, 90; Lend-Lease Wells, H. G„ 202 program, 271-72; Lenin on, White Army, 26 228—29; Luce on, 272-73; white flour, 163 Midwestern grain, 10; Navy, Wilson, Woodrow, 23—25, 41, 80 127-28; political pressure on ARA, Witter, Reginald, 220 28; Russian fascination with, 184; Wolfe, Henry, 160-61; in ARA, Senate, 25, 29, 88-90; Soviet 144-45; on cannibalism, 4, 4—5, government relationship with, 144-46, 152; on Moscow, 145,
INDEX 152; on Pecherets, 180; on Riga negotiations, 144; in Samara Province, 4 Worlds Work, The, 34 Wrangel, Pyotr, 13 YMCA, 188 Yudenich, Nikolai, 26 Yugoslavia, 41—43 Zhirnova, Paulina, 194-95, 216-17, 221 Zhukov, Marshal Georgy, 272 Zinoviev, Grigory, 90-91 Zlatoust, 116 299
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| spelling | Smith, Douglas 1962- Verfasser (DE-588)104665022X aut The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine Douglas Smith London Picador 2019 303 Seiten Illustrationen, Porträts, Karte txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier USA Relief Administration (DE-588)111366-5 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1921-1923 gnd rswk-swf Hungersnot (DE-588)4160816-1 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf American Relief Administration / History Famines / Soviet Union International relief / Soviet Union Americans / Soviet Union Soviet Union / Social conditions / 1917-1945 American Relief Administration Americans Famines International relief Social conditions Soviet Union 1917-1945 History USA Relief Administration (DE-588)111366-5 b Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Hungersnot (DE-588)4160816-1 s Geschichte 1921-1923 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031709363&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031709363&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Smith, Douglas 1962- The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine USA Relief Administration (DE-588)111366-5 gnd Hungersnot (DE-588)4160816-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)111366-5 (DE-588)4160816-1 (DE-588)4077548-3 |
| title | The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine |
| title_auth | The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine |
| title_exact_search | The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine |
| title_full | The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine Douglas Smith |
| title_fullStr | The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine Douglas Smith |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Russian job the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine Douglas Smith |
| title_short | The Russian job |
| title_sort | the russian job the forgotten story of how america saved russia from famine |
| title_sub | the forgotten story of how America saved Russia from famine |
| topic | USA Relief Administration (DE-588)111366-5 gnd Hungersnot (DE-588)4160816-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | USA Relief Administration Hungersnot Sowjetunion |
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