Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg.: ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305)
Военная организация поздней Римской империи в 253-353 гг. от реформ императора Галлиена до периода Тетрархии : (253-305)
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Russian |
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Sankt-Peterburg
Izdatelʹstvo "Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie"
2019
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract Register // Sachregister |
| Beschreibung: | 406 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9785858035220 |
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| 246 | 1 | 1 | |a A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Оглавление Введение. 6 Глава I. Первая римская экспедиционная армия во второй половине III в. (253—293): развитие командной структуры, возникновение новых военных рангов и войсковых подразделений. §
1. Функции и роль вексилляций как нового вида войсковых подразделе ний во второй половине III в. 1.1. Механизм формирования вексилляций в середине III в. 1.2. Роль вексилляций в войне Галлиена с
галльским узурпатором Постумом: данные эпиграфики . 1.3. Конные соединения полевой армии Галлиена и роспуск этой армии в эпоху императора Аврелиана (270—275) . 1.4. Положение и роль
вексилляций в эпоху Тетрархии: пример «Му ченичества Марцелла» и военная кампания Максимиана Геркулия в Северной Африке. § 2. Дуксы, препозиты и трибуны: развитие командных должностей во вто рой половине III
в. § 3. Численный состав римской армии к концу III в. и проблема территори ального разделения империи в 293 г. 3.1. Легионы, алы и
когорты— численный состав старых войсковых подразделений в эпоху
Тетрархии. 3.2. Численный состав региональных армий в эпоху Тетрархии — проблема достоверности сведений источников. 3.3. Этнические войсковые подразделения во второй половине III в. и проблема
формирования ауксилий. Методы рекрутского набора в рим скую армию в период Тетрархии и Константина . 73 73 73 88 110 143 161 183 183 196 221 Глава II. Великая Армения, римско-персидская война второй половины 290-х гт. и военные преобразования императора Диоклетиана
на ближневосточном участ ке римской границы. § 1. Персидская кампания Цезаря Максимина Галерия и царь Великой Ар мении Трдат III Великий: проблемы
хронологии. § 2. Гарнизоны Ближнего Востока, Южного Кавказа и Армянского нагорья в контексте военной политики Диоклетиана .
Заключение. Summary. Терминологический указатель
. Указатель личных имен и географических названий. Список источников и литературы
. Список сокращений. 283 283 292 346 375 379 382 384 405
Summary Having analysed a maximal scope of historical sources for the time of 253— 353, we may deduce that during this period Roman Empire had only two selfsufficient field (mobile) armies. The first one, which is earlier, is that established by the Emperor Gallienus around the late 250th (between 256/257 and 260), the second one, which is more late, is that of army of comitatenses established by Constantine I the Great in 312—324 but mentioned officially for the first time only in 325. All the rest troops took part in campaigns of the Tetrarchs, i. e. existed during 284—312, were only the field personal guards of the Tetrarchs, but not the self-sufficient ar mies as such. These guards were private elite military retinues of each of the Tetrarchs, they consisted of different military detachments. These guards were not the armies, their effective was too small for to call them as armies. Field guards of the Tetrarchy were the groups of military units collected for the specific period of time, i. e. in or der to take part in certain military expeditions. As to self-sufficient expeditionary armies, we may say that they were perma nent regional troops, i. e. they located in strictly defined regions of Empire. Army of Gallienus was a dispersed military corps, i. e. this army, in turn, consisted of some military groups, and each group occupied the relevant region. Sources on Gal lienus’ reign (not only narrative, but also epigraphic and numismatic) gave us a chance to trace three such military groups. One of them located in Northern Italy, its head-quarter was Milan, another
stood in the province of Raetia north of the Alps, a third one resided at the Danubian frontier. An Italian military corps was established for the first time as early as 256/257, it consisted of units called vexillations, that are military units detached from the staff of old frontier legions, we mean Rhine, Alpic, Britains and Danubian legions. All this legions have existed since early Principate times. A coin issue of Gallienus dated by 257/258 or 260/261 mentions 18 legions, which detached their vexillation to Gallienus’ field corps. An original effective of this corps was nearly 10 000 men, later it was reinforced up to 15 000 men, mainly thanks to units of Dalmatian ca valry and old frontier alae and cohortes, which had served earlier at the Danubian frontier. We may consider as an additional and composite element of this corps the rapid Moorish cavalry. Besides units, which defended North Italy (Milan military corps), we may re cognize one another group of vexillations, this one served in Raetia north of the Alps — these were the vexillations of Rhine frontier legions, they were called Germaniciani. But besides Italian and Alpic expeditionary corps, an army of Gallienus included a third group located at the Danubian frontier. The third group served in upper Pannónia, it defended Danubian frontier from invasions of external barbaric tribes and from internal enemies, such as different usurpers. Inscriptions from the Roman fort of Petovio in Pannónia are our only evidence which cast a light upon an 375
existence of this third military corps, these inscriptions mention vexillations of two old Danubian frontier legions, that are of V Macedonica and XIII Gemina. As for vexillations themselves, we have to say that they consisted of both ca valry and infantry. Each of the vexillation comprised of five legionary cohorts, more precisely, each legion could detach up to five its cohorts in order to build a vexillation. In 273 a hard and decisive battle at the Syrian city of Emesa gave a victory to a new Roman Emperor Aurelianus, who destroyed the forces of rebellious Palmyric kingdom. Aurelianus sent at the Near East expeditionary corps, which comprised of all Gallienic vexillations of the North Italy and Alpic front, with except for Rhine forces commanded by Gallic usurpers. An internal structure of Aurelianus’ army consisted of Dalmatian cavalry, vexillations from Alpic legions (we mean II and III Italica), Danubian legions (XIII Gemina, V Macedonica, II Aduitrix, VII Clau dia, IV Flavia), detachments of Moorish cavalry and also units of a mailed cavalry. All these units striked a powerful blow at the Palmyric kingdom and reestab lished a Roman control over the Near East provinces. But, at the same time, this ex peditionary army finally was dismissed and dispersed over different places of Ro man frontier, especially at the Danubian and Italian fronts. Military units took part in battles against the Palmyric kingdom returned in their home (native) provinces, mainly at the Danubian front, but they served there as self-sufficient and single garrisons, without any strict
addiction to their «mater nal» legions. Our sources don’t let us to say about the strict and defined strength of military detachments, moreover, we can not say about the general and constant numbers for all the kinds of troops. As for effective of four regional armies of the Tetrarchy themselves, we deduced that an effective was 80 000 men per each. When Dio cletian devided Empire in four large territorial parts in 293 and, therefore, establi shed a system of the Tetrarchs (i.e. a power of the four co-rulers, two of them were the senior Augusti, and two rest persons were the junior Caesars), each of the part had its own army. All four armies were strictly the frontiers, each consisted of 80 000 men. So, a general strength of all the Roman land army during the reign of Diocle tian was nearly 320 000 men. The main military straggle, the crucial event of 293—305 was a Persian cam paign of Caesar Gaterius, which happened in two stages. The first stage happened in Autumn of 296, it was unsuccessful for the Romans and ended in defeat of Galerius’ army. The second stage, most important and desicive, lasted from Spring to Autumn of 298, at this time the Romans defeated Persian king Narseus within a ter ritory of the Northern Mesopotamia, in upper Tigris and Euphrates. A defeat of the Persians led Diocletian to the vast reorganization of the Roman defence system at the Near East and the South Caucasus. Thanks to victory over the Persians in 298 Diocletian recruited among the people and tribes, which supported the Persians, some military units and moved them in the very distant
regions, such as Egypt, where they continued to locate there up to the end of the IVth c. These were military ethnic units, their staff consisted of young men from noble families, representatives of local aristocracy of tribes and people, who supported the Persians in 298. More presicely, we mean the I ala of the Hiberi, the IXth cohorts of the Tzani and the I ala of the Avasgi. Units enumerated were composed of local ar istocracy from these tribes and people. Moreover, Diocletian located at the south coast of the Black sea, in Trebizond, a new legion, that is I Pontica, this legion had to defence the province of Pontus 376
(Trebizond was an administratuive centre of this province) from possible incursions of the tribe of the Tzani. A garrison of the First Pontic legion, which stood in Tre bizond, was an important structural element of the Roman defence system within the Armenian highland. Another important element was a vexillation of the Martenses («soldiers of Mars»), which occupied a territory of the province of Minor Armenia. As for the Roman army itself, which defeated the Parsians in 298, we conclu ded that this army consisted of vexillations detached from old Danubian frontier le gions, i. e. XI Claudia, VII Claudia, I Italica, IV Flavia, I Ulyrica and V Macedo nica. An effective of this military group was 25 000 men. In 298—305 Diocletian allocated at the Near East front a whole series of new military units and at the same time he reinforced some old units, which had served there since early Principate. We can enumerate among old legions three frontier units, that are III Cyrenaica, I Illyrica and III Gallica. We have to add that after 298 Diocletian tranferred the Third legion of Cyrenaica in the province of Mesopotamia. Also we have to extend a list of old legions by VI Ferrata legion and X Fretensis le gion, both units occupied a territory of Palestine. Finally, a whole series of epigraphic data evidence that at the same time Dio cletian formed and allocated at the Near East, mainly in Arabia Petraea and Pales tine, some new alae and cohorts, among them we have to call the first new cohort {cohors prima nova), an ala from the fortress of Costia, i. e. ala located in this
for tress (ala Costia), and also the second cohort of the Galatians (cohors II Galatarurri). Besides alae and cohorts, Diocletian recruited and allocated at the Near East many units of a mobile cavalry entitled équités, their full and official name was équi tés promoti indigenae («a local promoted cavalry»). These cavalry units were for med from the local population of Syria and Arabia, mainly from the local nomadic tribes. Military reforms of Diocletian affected not only Near East provinces, they in tensively developed in Egypt, especially after 298. Between 298 and 305 Diocletian formed and located in Egypt two new legions, that are III Diocletiana and I Maximiana, moreover, by Diocletian’s order Egypt received a vexillation created in Gaul. We mean a vexillation which earlier had been an integral part of the legion II Flavia Constantia, the legion itself served in Gaul. But military reforms managed by Diocletian in Egypt were naturally connected to the similar measures of Diocletian at the Near East frontier. Diocletian moved from the Roman-Persian frontier to Egypt some military units formed in Syria and Arabia or recruited from the Persian prisoners captured during the Roman-Persian war of 298. We have to call among these units the archers from the Syrian city of Emesa, a combined vexillation formed from a staff of two legions, that are I Illyrica and III Gallica, and finally a vexillation of Parthian archers together with the socalled III ala of the Assyrians. All sources regarded in our book led us to conclusion that during the reign of Diocletian all military
forces, which occupied the Roman Near East were principal ly a frontier army, they represented only the frontier military units, that are legions, vexillations, alae and cohorts. No one province had any of expeditional forces, no one province had any units from mobile imperial field guards. By other words, Dio cletian didn’t move at the Near East any units from his personal imperial body guard. The only one expeditional military group, which located and fought at the Near East during 293—305 was a military corps of Caesar Galerius composed of 377
vexillations from Danubian frontier legions. Initially tins military corps occupied Mesopotamia and then these vexillations moved to the south, in Arabia Petraea. But this group of vexillation located at the Near East frontier only during a short period of time, from Spring to Autumn of 298. After a desicive victory over the Persians Galerius’ troops returned in their home provinces at the Danubian frontier. We have to stress that only two small vexillations rested at the Near East and continued to be there till the end of the IVth century, we mean vexillations of the Xlth legion of Claudia and the Vth legion of Macedonica.
Терминологический указатель Аламанны 15, 33, 34, 44, 75, 89, 90, 96, 97, 100, 105, 162, 168, 198, 207, 226, 228,231—233, 237, 245—247, 269, 279, 280, 340, 347, 349,350, 362—366 Армянские сатрапии 315,316, 317 Архив Аврелия Сакаона (папирусы) 27, 176 Архив Флавия Абиннея (папирусы) 339, 340 Ауксилии
(auxilia, вспомогательные вой сковые подразделения) 46, 48, 61, 102, 106, 188, 195, 226—229, 231, 233, 237, 280, 332, 362—364 Батавы (отряд, войсковое подразделение) 119, 120, 122, 172—175, 227, 228, 229, 272, 349 Блеммии 194, 285,286, 336, 337, 339 Вандалы 233—237, 279, 280 Вексилляции
Germaniciani 89—91, 100— 103,105, 106, ПО, 349, 350 Вексилляции Britanniaani 89—91 Вексилляция парфянских лучников (ѵеxillatio Parthusagittariomm) 339,340,341 Ветеран/ветераны 89, 143, 144, 151, 152, 154, 203, 205, 257, 258, 262—265, 281, 282,310,367 Военачальник военачальников (dux du óim,
административная и командная должность) 161, 162,163 Воины Марса (Martenses, войсковое со единение) 304, 305, 306 Восьмой легион Августа (legio VIII Augu sta) 152, 153, 154 Вторая ала испанцев (ala II Hispanorum) 158,159 Вторая когорта галатов (cohors II Galatarum) 325—328 Второй Италийский легион
(legio II Itali ca) 91 Второй легион Траяна (legio II Traiana) 108,144,149,150,249 Второй легион Флавия Непоколебимого (legio II Flavia Constantia) 335, 336, 337 Гастаты (hastati) 145,146 Гентилы (gentiles, вид войсковых подраз делений) 223 Геркулианы (Herculiam), дворцовый ле гион 66, 189 Герулы
164, 211,212, 227—230, 279 Гетулы 141 Готы 75, 117, 125, 213, 223, 238, 239, 241—244, 246, 247,281, 364, 365
Далматская конница 36, 37, 41, 65, 95, 97, 115, 116, 118, 120, 123—127, 138, 142, 143, 161, 271—273, 346—348, 350, 351, 353, 354 Двадцатый Победоносный Валериев ле гион (legio XX Valeria Victrix) 89, 90, 92, 108 Дуке (предводитель, начальник, dux) 164— 167, 180—183 Дуценарий (ducenarius) 87, 146,177, 238 Иовианы (loviani), дворцовый легион 66, 188,189,357, 358 Иовии и Геркулии (Iovii, Herculii), погра ничные легионы 189,190 Исавры 77—80 Катафрактарии 93,142, 143, 275, 353 Кельты 104,207,225, 226 Клибанарии 142, 143 Комитат (comitatus, придворная импера торская гвардия) 250, 253, 330—332, 346, 354, 355, 373 Комиты повелителя/повелителей (comités domini) 158, 159 Ланциарии (копьеносцы, lanciar։։) 154— 157 «Латинские извлечения варвара» (Latina Excerpta Barbari, анонимная хроника) 299, 300 Латинские панегирики 16, 146, 148, 160, 197, 198, 200, 204, 206, 240, 244, 246, 259, 279, 281, 286, 288, 358, 360, 365, 366 Легион/когорта мармаритов 343, 344 379
Легионная (медиоланская) эмиссия Гал лиена 32—35,91, 92 Леты 245,247 Львы (Leones, войсковое подразделение) 224—226 Мавританская кавалерия 37, 93, 95, 97, 116, 118, 125, 136, 138, 141, 142, 168— 170, 273, 274, 347,348, 350, 353, 355 Мавры из Аврелиана (Aureliam, Орлеан) 168—170 Маркоманны 221, 222
Маттиаки (Mattiad, войсковое подразде ление) 228, 230, 231 Маттиобарбулы (легионы в Иллирике, «метатели шаров») 188, 189 «Мученичество Марцелла» (агиографиче ский текст) 144—146, 149 Надписи из крепости Петовио (Паннония, вексилляции V Македонского и XIII Сдвоенного легионов) 134, 135, 136,
351,352, 355 Надпись из крепости Каср ал-Азрак 307—312 Оксиринхские папирусы 27, 44, 158, 159, 263, 296, 297 «Ономастикой» (трактат Евсевия Кеса рийского) 16, 322, 326,327,371 Отборные всадники Августа (équités sin gulares Augusti) 117 Панополитанские папирусы 160, 175, 176, 217, 289, 297, 329,
332, 333, 337, 372 Папирус из Страсбургского университета (поэма) 147 Папирус из Страсбургского университета (военная ведомость алы) 183—185 Папирусы со Среднего Евфрата 128—131 Первый Иллирийский легион (legio I Шугіса) 307—309 Первый легион Максимиана (legio I Маximiana) 335—337 Первый легион
Понта (legio I Pontica) 301, 302 Первая ала авасгов (ala I Abasgorum) 293, 294 Первая ала иберийцев (ala I Hiberorum) 296,297 Первая когорта нумидийцев (cohors I Numidarum) 78, 79 Почетная отставка 151, 263, 264 380 Презид (наместник, praeses) 102, 163,175, 183 Препозит (начальник, praepositus) 77,
79—81, 122, 130, 134, 136, 161, 162, 165—168, 170—173, 176—180, 182, 221, 223, 233, 250, 258, 267, 275, 276,
282, 329, 332, 333, 337, 343, 355—357, 366 Претентура (praetentura, передовая линия крепостей) 130 Примицерий (primiceri us, командная долж ность в позднеримской армии) 42, 180, 238, 248—250, 303,304 Принципы (principes) 146 Протектор (защитник, protector) 128, 133, 134, 137, 177, 255,273 Ругиллиаки (Rutilliaci, предполагаемый военный отряд во Фригии) 185—187 Седьмой Сдвоенный легион (legio VII Gemina) 145,149 Семноны98, 100, 103, 105 Солдатские императоры 73, 74 Таблички из крепости Виндоланда 155 Тзаны 292—294, 299—302, 341, 342, 344, 369, 370 Третий Галльский легион (legio III Galli ca) 328, 329,332—334 Третий Италийский легион (legio III Itali ca) 91, 100—102,105 Третий легион Августа (legio III Augusta) 80, 81, 150—152, 154, 202—204 Третий легион Диоклетиана (legio III Diocletiana) 335, 337, 338 Третий легион Киренаики (legio III Cyrenaica) 307, 313, 316 Третья ала ассирийцев (ala III Assyriorum) 341 Третья тысячная когорта далматов-всадников (Cohors III Dalmatarum milharia equitata) 114,115 Трибун 120—122, 164, 168, 172—180, 182, 185, 187, 193, 233, 248, 250, 275, 276, ЗОЇ, 303, 356, 357 Федераты 242—244,281 Фиванский легион 247—254 Франки 44, 72, 75, 89, 90, 104, 147—149, 172, 198, 207, 227, 228, 237, 245—247, 279, 299, 340,365, 366
Хроншш Картли (грузинский летопис ный свод) 294,295 Центурион 106, 113, 122, 123, 134, 144— 146, 149, 154, 156—158, 171, 182, 185, 296 Шестой Железный легион (legio VI Ferra ta) 320,321 Эмесенские стрелки (лучники) 120—122, 272, 329,330,332,333,349 Эпические жития 18,19,23,60 Эриставы (грузинская родовая знать) 296, 297 Ютунги 98, 100—106, 137, 234—237, 269,349 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Mechamadiev, Evgenij Aleksandrovič 1987- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1068837586 |
| author_facet | Mechamadiev, Evgenij Aleksandrovič 1987- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Mechamadiev, Evgenij Aleksandrovič 1987- |
| author_variant | e a m ea eam |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046264152 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1128839490 (DE-599)BVBBV046264152 |
| era | Geschichte 253-305 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 253-305 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Römisches Reich (DE-588)4076778-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Römisches Reich |
| id | DE-604.BV046264152 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-10-11T18:04:02Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9785858035220 |
| language | Russian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031642091 |
| oclc_num | 1128839490 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 406 Seiten |
| psigel | gbd_4_1912 BSB_NED_20191212 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Izdatelʹstvo "Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie" |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | 880-01 Mechamadiev, Evgenij Aleksandrovič 1987- Verfasser (DE-588)1068837586 aut 880-02 Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) E.A. Mechamadiev A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. 880-03 Sankt-Peterburg Izdatelʹstvo "Peterburgskoe Vostokovedenie" 2019 406 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Text russisch. Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache Kyrillische Schrift Geschichte 253-305 gnd rswk-swf Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 gnd rswk-swf Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd rswk-swf Römisches Reich (DE-588)4076778-4 gnd rswk-swf Römisches Militärwesen (DE-2581)TH000007270 gbd Soldatenkaiser (235 - 284 n. Chr.) (DE-2581)TH000003933 gbd Gallienus (253 - 268 n. Chr.) (DE-2581)TH000003944 gbd Römisches Reich (DE-588)4076778-4 g Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 s Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 s Geschichte 253-305 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031642091&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031642091&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB München 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031642091&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Sachregister 100-01/(N Мехамадиев, Евгений Александрович ut 245-02/(N Военная организация поздней Римской империи в 253-353 гг. от реформ императора Галлиена до периода Тетрархии : (253-305) Е.А. Мехамадиев 264-03/(N Санкт-Петербург Издательство "Петербургское Востоковедение" 2019 |
| spellingShingle | Mechamadiev, Evgenij Aleksandrovič 1987- Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 gnd Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4073817-6 (DE-588)4039305-7 (DE-588)4076778-4 |
| title | Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) |
| title_alt | A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. |
| title_auth | Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) |
| title_exact_search | Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) |
| title_full | Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) E.A. Mechamadiev |
| title_fullStr | Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) E.A. Mechamadiev |
| title_full_unstemmed | Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) E.A. Mechamadiev |
| title_short | Voennaja organizacija pozdnej Rimskoj imperii v 253-353 gg. |
| title_sort | voennaja organizacija pozdnej rimskoj imperii v 253 353 gg ot reform imperatora galliena do perioda tetrarchii 253 305 a military organization of the late roman empire in 253 353 a d from reforms of the emperor gallienus to the time of the tetrarchy 253 305 |
| title_sub | ot reform imperatora Galliena do perioda Tetrarchii : (253-305) = A military organization of the Late Roman Empire in 253-353 A.D. : from reforms of the Emperor Gallienus to the time of the Tetrarchy : (253-305) |
| topic | Kriegführung (DE-588)4073817-6 gnd Militär (DE-588)4039305-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Kriegführung Militär Römisches Reich |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031642091&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031642091&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031642091&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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