Frequency in language: memory, attention and learning
Machine generated contents note: Introduction: 1. Frequency of Experience; 2. A Cognitive Perspective on Language; 3. What This Book Is Not About; 4. What This Book Is About; Part I: 1. Counting Occurrences: How Frequency Made Its Way Into The Study Of Language: 1.1. The Frequency Wars: The Role of...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
2019
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Machine generated contents note: Introduction: 1. Frequency of Experience; 2. A Cognitive Perspective on Language; 3. What This Book Is Not About; 4. What This Book Is About; Part I: 1. Counting Occurrences: How Frequency Made Its Way Into The Study Of Language: 1.1. The Frequency Wars: The Role of Frequency in Nativist and Nurturist Frameworks; 1.2. Lexical Statistics and Word (Frequency) Lists; 1.3. Word Lists in Psycholinguistics: The Discovery of The (Word) Frequency Effect; 1.4. Word Frequency Distributions and The Beginning Of Quantitative Linguistics; 1.5. Summary and Outlook; 2. Measuring Exposure: Frequency As A Linguistic Game-Changer: 2.1 Frequency And Usage-Based Theories Of Language; 2.2. Frequency Measures That Have Played an Important Role in The Development Of Usage-Based Theories Of Language; 2.3. Summary and Outlook; 3. More Than Frequencies: Towards A Probabilistic View On Language: 3.1. Constructing a Grammar From The Ground Up; 3.2. Probabilistic Grammar; 3.3. Probabilities Link Linguistics to Information Theory; 3.4. Summary And Outlook; PART II: 4 Committing Experiences To Memory: 4.1 What Is Memory?; 4.2. The Physiology or Neurobiology of Memory; 4.3. Memory Systems, Memory Processes and Neural Mechanisms of Memory Storage; 4.4. Behavioural Diagnostics of Memory For Language; 4.5. Summary and Outlook; 5. Entrenching Linguistic Structures: 5.1. Entrenchment In The Mind, Or In Society?; 5.2. Three Types of Entrenchment; 5.3. How Are Repeated Experiences Recorded?; 5.4. Frequently Asked Questions; 5.5. Summary And Outlook; PART III: 6. The Brain's Attention-Orienting Mechanisms: 6.1. Grasping The Phenomenon: What Is Attention And What Does It Do?; 6.2. Ways of Deploying Attention; 6.3. Attention and Memory: Encoding and Retrieving Information; 6.4. Summary and Outlook; 7. Salience: Capturing Attention In and Through Language; 7.1. Capturing Attention in Language: Linguistics Versus Psychology; 7.2. Attention and Salience; 7.3. Conclusions And Outlook; PART IV. 8. Predicting: Using Past Experience to Guide Future Action; 8.1. Predicting From Stored Memories; 8.2. Memoryless Prediction: Bayesian Predictive Coding Frameworks; 8.3. What Does Predictive Processing Mean For Language Cognition? 8.4. Conclusions and Outlook; 9. Learning: Navigating Frequency, Recency, Context & Contingency; 9.1. Background: Learning Theory; 9.2 Applications to Linguistics; 9.3. Conclusions: The Place of Frequency In A Learning Theoretic Approach To Language; Conclusions. 10.1. Why Do Frequencies Of Occurrence Play An Important Role In Usage-Based Linguistics?; 10.2 How Can Frequency Be Used To Explain The Construction Of A Grammar From The Ground Up?; 10.3 Memory, Attention And Learning In The Emergence Of Grammar; 10.4. Looking Forward: What Lessons Can We Learn?; 10.5. By Way Of Conclusion |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xiv, 327 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781107085756 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a Machine generated contents note: Introduction: 1. Frequency of Experience; 2. A Cognitive Perspective on Language; 3. What This Book Is Not About; 4. What This Book Is About; Part I: 1. Counting Occurrences: How Frequency Made Its Way Into The Study Of Language: 1.1. The Frequency Wars: The Role of Frequency in Nativist and Nurturist Frameworks; 1.2. Lexical Statistics and Word (Frequency) Lists; 1.3. Word Lists in Psycholinguistics: The Discovery of The (Word) Frequency Effect; 1.4. Word Frequency Distributions and The Beginning Of Quantitative Linguistics; 1.5. Summary and Outlook; 2. Measuring Exposure: Frequency As A Linguistic Game-Changer: 2.1 Frequency And Usage-Based Theories Of Language; 2.2. Frequency Measures That Have Played an Important Role in The Development Of Usage-Based Theories Of Language; 2.3. Summary and Outlook; 3. More Than Frequencies: Towards A Probabilistic View On Language: 3.1. Constructing a Grammar From The Ground Up; 3.2. Probabilistic Grammar; 3.3. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Probabilities Link Linguistics to Information Theory; 3.4. Summary And Outlook; PART II: 4 Committing Experiences To Memory: 4.1 What Is Memory?; 4.2. The Physiology or Neurobiology of Memory; 4.3. Memory Systems, Memory Processes and Neural Mechanisms of Memory Storage; 4.4. Behavioural Diagnostics of Memory For Language; 4.5. Summary and Outlook; 5. Entrenching Linguistic Structures: 5.1. Entrenchment In The Mind, Or In Society?; 5.2. Three Types of Entrenchment; 5.3. How Are Repeated Experiences Recorded?; 5.4. Frequently Asked Questions; 5.5. Summary And Outlook; PART III: 6. The Brain's Attention-Orienting Mechanisms: 6.1. Grasping The Phenomenon: What Is Attention And What Does It Do?; 6.2. Ways of Deploying Attention; 6.3. Attention and Memory: Encoding and Retrieving Information; 6.4. Summary and Outlook; 7. Salience: Capturing Attention In and Through Language; 7.1. Capturing Attention in Language: Linguistics Versus Psychology; 7.2. Attention and Salience; 7.3. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Conclusions And Outlook; PART IV. 8. Predicting: Using Past Experience to Guide Future Action; 8.1. Predicting From Stored Memories; 8.2. Memoryless Prediction: Bayesian Predictive Coding Frameworks; 8.3. What Does Predictive Processing Mean For Language Cognition? 8.4. Conclusions and Outlook; 9. Learning: Navigating Frequency, Recency, Context & Contingency; 9.1. Background: Learning Theory; 9.2 Applications to Linguistics; 9.3. Conclusions: The Place of Frequency In A Learning Theoretic Approach To Language; Conclusions. 10.1. Why Do Frequencies Of Occurrence Play An Important Role In Usage-Based Linguistics?; 10.2 How Can Frequency Be Used To Explain The Construction Of A Grammar From The Ground Up?; 10.3 Memory, Attention And Learning In The Emergence Of Grammar; 10.4. Looking Forward: What Lessons Can We Learn?; 10.5. By Way Of Conclusion | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Frequency in Language
Memory, Attention and Learning
Dagmar Divjak
University of Birmingham
Cambridge
UNIVERSITY PRESS
Contents
List of Figures page xi
List of Table xii
Acknowledgements xiii
Introduction 1
1 Frequency of Experience 1
2 A Cognitive Perspective on Language 5
3 What This Book Is Not About 7
4 What This Book Is About 9
Parti 13
1 Counting Occurrences: How Frequency Made Its Way into the
Study of Language 15
1 1 The Frequency Wars: the Role of Frequency inNativist andNurturist
Frameworks 15
1 2 Lexical Statistics and Word Frequency Lists 19
121A Brief Historical Overview of the Main Developments in Word
Frequency Lists 20
122 Methodological Improvements that Would Influence (Psycho)
linguistics 22
1 3 Word Lists in Psycholinguistics: the Discovery of the Word Frequency
Effect 23
131 Single Word Frequency 24
132 Word Frequency in Context 27
1 4 Word Frequency Distributions and the Beginning of Quantitative Linguistics 29
141 Zipf: a Philologist Fascinated by Word Frequencies 30
142 Yule and Herdan: a Statistical Approach to Literary Style 36
1 5 Summary and Outlook 38
2 Measuring Exposure: Frequency as a Linguistic Game Changer 40
2 1 Frequency and Usage-Based Theories of Language 41
211 Bybee’s Exemplar Theory 42
212 Goldberg’s Construction Grammar 46
2 2 Frequency Measures that Have Played an Important Role in the Development
of Usage-Based Theories of Language 56
vii
viii Contents
221 Collocational Statistics 57
222 Collostructional Statistics 68
2 3 Summary and Outlook 70
3 More than Frequencies: Towards a Probabilistic View on
Language 72
3 1 Constructing a Grammar from the Ground Up 73
311 Detecting Patterns Statistically 73
312 Conventionalizing Common Patterns 76
3 2 Probabilistic Grammar 78
321 Probabilistic Approaches to Language Cognition in the Cognitive
Sciences 80
322 Probabilistic Approaches to Language Cognition in Linguistics 84
3 3 Probabilities Link Linguistics to Information Theory 88
331 Morphology 90
332 Syntax 92
3 4 Summary and Outlook 95
Part II 97
4 Committing Experiences to Memory 99
4 1 What Is Memory? 99
411 Changing Metaphors and Methods in the Study of Memory 100
412 Changing Foci in the Study of Memory 101
413 Classifications of Memory: the Multi-Store Model 105
4 2 The Physiology or Neurobiology of Memory 108
• 421 Remembering Experiences 108
422 How Do Experiences Change the Brain? Ill
4 3 Memory Systems, Memory Processes and Neural Mechanisms of Memory
Storage 115
431 How Experiences Become Neurally Encoded and Long-Term
Available as Declarative Memories 115
432 How Experiences Become Neurally Encoded and Long-Term
Available as Procedural Memories 116
433 How Experiences Are Retrieved 117
434 Computational Models of Memory for Language 118
4 4 Behavioural Diagnostics of Memory for Language 119
441 Frequency 119
442 Spacing r 123
443 Primacy and Recency: Serial Position Effects 125
444 An Adaptive Perspective 127
4 5 Summary and Outlook 128
5 Entrenching Linguistic Structures 131
5 1 Entrenchment in the Mind, or in Society? 132
511 Linguistic Views on Entrenchment 132
512 Entrenchment in the Mind, or Conventionalization in Society? 135
5 2 Three Types of Entrenchment 137
Contents IX
521 ‘What You Do Often, You Do Faster and with Fewer Errors’:
Entrenchment as Reduction in Cognitive Effort and Increase in
Automatization 137
522 ‘Units that Occur Together, Refer Together’: Entrenchment as
Unit Formation for Access and Retrieval 139
523 ‘Units that Occur Together, Blur Together’: Entrenchment as
Chunking, Possibly Resulting in Fusion 141
5 3 How Are Repeated Experiences Recorded? 143
5 4 Frequently Asked Questions 148
541 What Is Entrenched? 148
542 Is a Threshold Number of Occurrences Required for Entrenchment? 150
543 Which Frequency Measure Is Ideal for Predicting Entrenchment? 151
544 Is Repetition Frequency Itself Causal? 153
5 5 Summary and Outlook 155
Partin 159
6 The Brain’s Attention-Orienting Mechanisms 161
6 1 Grasping the Phenomenon: What Is Attention and What Does It Do? 162
611 Attention and Auditory Perception 164
612 Attention and Visual Perception 166
6 2 Ways of Deploying Attention 167
621 Attention: Bottom-Up or Top-Down? 167
622 Attention: Automatic or Voluntary? 169
623 Attention in Language: from Object Recognition to Scene Perception 172
6 3 Attention and Memory: Encoding and Retrieving Information 174
631 The Relation between Attention and Working Memory 175
632 The Role of Attention in Encoding and Retrieving Information 176
633 Memory, Attention and Language 178
6 4 Summary and Outlook 180
7 Salience: Capturing Attention in and through Language 182
7 1 Capturing Attention in Language: Linguistics versus Psychology 183
711 Attention in Linguistics 183
712 Attention in Psychology of Language and Psycholinguistics 186
7 2 Attention and Salience 193
721 Defining Salience in Language 194
722 Defining Salience in Linguistics 195
723 Salience versus Frequency? 197
7 3 Summary and Outlook 200
Part IV 203
8 Predicting: Using Past Experience to Guide Future Action 205
8 1 Predicting from Stored Memories 206
811 The Memory-Prediction Framework (Hawkins and Blakeslee 2004) 206
812 The Predictive Mind (Bar 2011) 207
813 Computing the Mind (Edelman 2008, 2011) 208
X Contents
8 2 Memoryless Prediction: Bayesian Predictive Coding Frameworks 212
821 The Core Idea: Prediction Error Minimization 213
822 The Core Mechanism: a Hierarchical, Generative Model 216
823 Measuring Surprise 217
824 From Prediction to Action within an Embodied Brain 219
825 Is a Bayesian Approach Ideal? 220
8 3 What Does Predictive Processing Mean for Language Cognition? 223
831 From Incremental to Anticipatory Processing: Non-Predictive
Accounts of Predictability 224
832 Predictive Accounts of Predictability 226
833 Do We Really Make Predictions? 228
8 4 Summary and Outlook 231
9 Learning: Navigating Frequency, Recency, Context and
Contingency 233
9 1 Background: Learning Theory 235
911 Behaviour and Conditioning 235
912 Behaviourism versus Cognitivism: What Do We Learn? 238
913 Learning, Memory and Attention 240
9 2 Applications to Linguistics 243
921 Skinner’s Verbal Behavior 243
922 Ellis: Frequency, Recency, Context and Contingency 248
923 Naive Discriminative Learning: a Computational Implementation
of the Rescorla-Wagner Learning Rule 251
9 3 Conclusions: the Place of Frequency in a Learning Theoretic Approach to
Language 258
10 By Way of Conclusion 260
10 1 Why Do Frequencies of Occurrence Play an Important Role in
Usage-Based Linguistics? 261
10 2 How Can Frequency Be Used to Explain the Construction of a Grammar
from the Ground Up? 262
10 3 Memory, Attention and Learning in the Emergence of Grammar 264
10 3 1 Memory 265
10 3 2 Attention 266
10 3 3 Learning to Predict or Predicting to Learn? 268
10 4 Looking Forward: What Lessons Can We Learn? 269
10 4 1 Building Blocks: What to Count? 270
10 4 2 Cognitive Models: How to Count? 272
10 5 By Way of Conclusion 274
References
Index
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Divjak, Dagmar 1975- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1106277023 |
| author_facet | Divjak, Dagmar 1975- |
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| author_sort | Divjak, Dagmar 1975- |
| author_variant | d d dd |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046206666 |
| callnumber-first | P - Language and Literature |
| callnumber-label | P128 |
| callnumber-raw | P128.F73 |
| callnumber-search | P128.F73 |
| callnumber-sort | P 3128 F73 |
| callnumber-subject | P - Philology and Linguistics |
| classification_rvk | ER 940 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1128850240 (DE-599)KXP1664684514 |
| dewey-full | 410.1/835 |
| dewey-hundreds | 400 - Language |
| dewey-ones | 410 - Linguistics |
| dewey-raw | 410.1/835 |
| dewey-search | 410.1/835 |
| dewey-sort | 3410.1 3835 |
| dewey-tens | 410 - Linguistics |
| discipline | Sprachwissenschaft Literaturwissenschaft |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV046206666 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:38:15Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781107085756 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031585650 |
| oclc_num | 1128850240 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | xiv, 327 Seiten Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Divjak, Dagmar 1975- Verfasser (DE-588)1106277023 aut Frequency in language memory, attention and learning Dagmar Divjak, University of Birmingham Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2019 xiv, 327 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Machine generated contents note: Introduction: 1. Frequency of Experience; 2. A Cognitive Perspective on Language; 3. What This Book Is Not About; 4. What This Book Is About; Part I: 1. Counting Occurrences: How Frequency Made Its Way Into The Study Of Language: 1.1. The Frequency Wars: The Role of Frequency in Nativist and Nurturist Frameworks; 1.2. Lexical Statistics and Word (Frequency) Lists; 1.3. Word Lists in Psycholinguistics: The Discovery of The (Word) Frequency Effect; 1.4. Word Frequency Distributions and The Beginning Of Quantitative Linguistics; 1.5. Summary and Outlook; 2. Measuring Exposure: Frequency As A Linguistic Game-Changer: 2.1 Frequency And Usage-Based Theories Of Language; 2.2. Frequency Measures That Have Played an Important Role in The Development Of Usage-Based Theories Of Language; 2.3. Summary and Outlook; 3. More Than Frequencies: Towards A Probabilistic View On Language: 3.1. Constructing a Grammar From The Ground Up; 3.2. Probabilistic Grammar; 3.3. Probabilities Link Linguistics to Information Theory; 3.4. Summary And Outlook; PART II: 4 Committing Experiences To Memory: 4.1 What Is Memory?; 4.2. The Physiology or Neurobiology of Memory; 4.3. Memory Systems, Memory Processes and Neural Mechanisms of Memory Storage; 4.4. Behavioural Diagnostics of Memory For Language; 4.5. Summary and Outlook; 5. Entrenching Linguistic Structures: 5.1. Entrenchment In The Mind, Or In Society?; 5.2. Three Types of Entrenchment; 5.3. How Are Repeated Experiences Recorded?; 5.4. Frequently Asked Questions; 5.5. Summary And Outlook; PART III: 6. The Brain's Attention-Orienting Mechanisms: 6.1. Grasping The Phenomenon: What Is Attention And What Does It Do?; 6.2. Ways of Deploying Attention; 6.3. Attention and Memory: Encoding and Retrieving Information; 6.4. Summary and Outlook; 7. Salience: Capturing Attention In and Through Language; 7.1. Capturing Attention in Language: Linguistics Versus Psychology; 7.2. Attention and Salience; 7.3. Conclusions And Outlook; PART IV. 8. Predicting: Using Past Experience to Guide Future Action; 8.1. Predicting From Stored Memories; 8.2. Memoryless Prediction: Bayesian Predictive Coding Frameworks; 8.3. What Does Predictive Processing Mean For Language Cognition? 8.4. Conclusions and Outlook; 9. Learning: Navigating Frequency, Recency, Context & Contingency; 9.1. Background: Learning Theory; 9.2 Applications to Linguistics; 9.3. Conclusions: The Place of Frequency In A Learning Theoretic Approach To Language; Conclusions. 10.1. Why Do Frequencies Of Occurrence Play An Important Role In Usage-Based Linguistics?; 10.2 How Can Frequency Be Used To Explain The Construction Of A Grammar From The Ground Up?; 10.3 Memory, Attention And Learning In The Emergence Of Grammar; 10.4. Looking Forward: What Lessons Can We Learn?; 10.5. By Way Of Conclusion Erfahrung (DE-588)4015217-0 gnd rswk-swf Psycholinguistik (DE-588)4127537-8 gnd rswk-swf Worthäufigkeit (DE-588)4132191-1 gnd rswk-swf Erinnerung (DE-588)4015272-8 gnd rswk-swf Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 gnd rswk-swf Spracherwerb (DE-588)4056458-7 gnd rswk-swf Frequency (Linguistics) Language acquisition Psycholinguistics Psycholinguistik (DE-588)4127537-8 s Worthäufigkeit (DE-588)4132191-1 s Spracherwerb (DE-588)4056458-7 s Erinnerung (DE-588)4015272-8 s Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 s Erfahrung (DE-588)4015217-0 s 1\p DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-316-08441-0 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031585650&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Divjak, Dagmar 1975- Frequency in language memory, attention and learning Erfahrung (DE-588)4015217-0 gnd Psycholinguistik (DE-588)4127537-8 gnd Worthäufigkeit (DE-588)4132191-1 gnd Erinnerung (DE-588)4015272-8 gnd Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 gnd Spracherwerb (DE-588)4056458-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4015217-0 (DE-588)4127537-8 (DE-588)4132191-1 (DE-588)4015272-8 (DE-588)4068943-8 (DE-588)4056458-7 |
| title | Frequency in language memory, attention and learning |
| title_auth | Frequency in language memory, attention and learning |
| title_exact_search | Frequency in language memory, attention and learning |
| title_full | Frequency in language memory, attention and learning Dagmar Divjak, University of Birmingham |
| title_fullStr | Frequency in language memory, attention and learning Dagmar Divjak, University of Birmingham |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frequency in language memory, attention and learning Dagmar Divjak, University of Birmingham |
| title_short | Frequency in language |
| title_sort | frequency in language memory attention and learning |
| title_sub | memory, attention and learning |
| topic | Erfahrung (DE-588)4015217-0 gnd Psycholinguistik (DE-588)4127537-8 gnd Worthäufigkeit (DE-588)4132191-1 gnd Erinnerung (DE-588)4015272-8 gnd Aufmerksamkeit (DE-588)4068943-8 gnd Spracherwerb (DE-588)4056458-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Erfahrung Psycholinguistik Worthäufigkeit Erinnerung Aufmerksamkeit Spracherwerb |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031585650&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT divjakdagmar frequencyinlanguagememoryattentionandlearning |