Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia:
Schizophrenia has been the subject of intense research interest in recent years, as investigators have explored the biological bases for the disorder and for various approaches to its diagnosis and treatment. This volume focuses on three aspects of such recent research connecting basic neuroscience...
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Vienna
Springer Vienna
1992
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa
36 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | UBR01 URL des Erstveröffentlichers |
| Zusammenfassung: | Schizophrenia has been the subject of intense research interest in recent years, as investigators have explored the biological bases for the disorder and for various approaches to its diagnosis and treatment. This volume focuses on three aspects of such recent research connecting basic neuroscience to schizophrenia. In one, Professors Budinger, Gur, and Pettegrew provide critical reviews of brain imaging studies as they relate to cognitive behaviour functions in schizophrenia. In the second, Professors Goldmann-Rakic, Lewis, and Tassin discuss monoamine systems and their varied role in prefontal cortical circuitry and function. In the third, Professors Deutsch, Gerfen, and Grace discuss the structure, organization, and function of the basal ganglia, as they relate to schizophrenia and the mechanisms of neuroleptic action. These papers were presented at an interdisciplinary workshop on the subject at the University of Pittsburgh, in May 1991, and the discussion between the authors and other panelists in basic and clinical sciences are included in this volume as well. The presentation of these diverse approaches in an integrated fashion provides the reader with a unique perspective and a wealth of new questions for future collaborative research |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (X, 202 p. 38 illus) |
| ISBN: | 9783709192115 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000zcb4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV046147331 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
| 007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 190905s1992 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9783709192115 |9 978-3-7091-9211-5 | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (ZDB-2-SME)978-3-7091-9211-5 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1119011793 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV046147331 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e aacr | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-355 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 612.8 |2 23 | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia |c edited by A. H. Tuma, E. M. Stricker, S. Gershon |
| 264 | 1 | |a Vienna |b Springer Vienna |c 1992 | |
| 300 | |a 1 Online-Ressource (X, 202 p. 38 illus) | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa |v 36 | |
| 520 | |a Schizophrenia has been the subject of intense research interest in recent years, as investigators have explored the biological bases for the disorder and for various approaches to its diagnosis and treatment. This volume focuses on three aspects of such recent research connecting basic neuroscience to schizophrenia. In one, Professors Budinger, Gur, and Pettegrew provide critical reviews of brain imaging studies as they relate to cognitive behaviour functions in schizophrenia. In the second, Professors Goldmann-Rakic, Lewis, and Tassin discuss monoamine systems and their varied role in prefontal cortical circuitry and function. In the third, Professors Deutsch, Gerfen, and Grace discuss the structure, organization, and function of the basal ganglia, as they relate to schizophrenia and the mechanisms of neuroleptic action. These papers were presented at an interdisciplinary workshop on the subject at the University of Pittsburgh, in May 1991, and the discussion between the authors and other panelists in basic and clinical sciences are included in this volume as well. The presentation of these diverse approaches in an integrated fashion provides the reader with a unique perspective and a wealth of new questions for future collaborative research | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Neurosciences | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biochemistry, general | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human Physiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pharmacology/Toxicology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human Genetics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Neurosciences | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Biochemistry | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human physiology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Toxicology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Human genetics | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Neurochemie |0 (DE-588)4041872-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Neuropathologie |0 (DE-588)4171594-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Nervenheilkunde |0 (DE-588)4138737-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Schizophrenie |0 (DE-588)4052527-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Neurobiologie |0 (DE-588)4041871-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)1071861417 |a Konferenzschrift |y 1991 |z Pittsburgh Pa. |2 gnd-content | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Schizophrenie |0 (DE-588)4052527-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Neurobiologie |0 (DE-588)4041871-6 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 1 | 0 | |a Schizophrenie |0 (DE-588)4052527-2 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | 1 | |a Neuropathologie |0 (DE-588)4171594-9 |D s |
| 689 | 1 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 2 | 0 | |a Nervenheilkunde |0 (DE-588)4138737-5 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | 1 | |a Schizophrenie |0 (DE-588)4052527-2 |D s |
| 689 | 2 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 689 | 3 | 0 | |a Schizophrenie |0 (DE-588)4052527-2 |D s |
| 689 | 3 | 1 | |a Neurochemie |0 (DE-588)4041872-8 |D s |
| 689 | 3 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tuma, A. H. |4 edt | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stricker, E. M. |4 edt | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gershon, S. |4 edt | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druck-Ausgabe |z 9783211823477 |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druck-Ausgabe |z 9783709192122 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5 |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a ZDB-2-SME | ||
| 940 | 1 | |q ZDB-2-SME_1990/2004 | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031527516 | ||
| 966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5 |l UBR01 |p ZDB-2-SME |q ZDB-2-SME_1990/2004 |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804180486564610048 |
|---|---|
| any_adam_object | |
| author2 | Tuma, A. H. Stricker, E. M. Gershon, S. |
| author2_role | edt edt edt |
| author2_variant | a h t ah aht e m s em ems s g sg |
| author_facet | Tuma, A. H. Stricker, E. M. Gershon, S. |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV046147331 |
| collection | ZDB-2-SME |
| ctrlnum | (ZDB-2-SME)978-3-7091-9211-5 (OCoLC)1119011793 (DE-599)BVBBV046147331 |
| dewey-full | 612.8 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 612 - Human physiology |
| dewey-raw | 612.8 |
| dewey-search | 612.8 |
| dewey-sort | 3612.8 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5 |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>03952nmm a2200745zcb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV046147331</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">190905s1992 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783709192115</subfield><subfield code="9">978-3-7091-9211-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-2-SME)978-3-7091-9211-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1119011793</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV046147331</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">aacr</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">612.8</subfield><subfield code="2">23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia</subfield><subfield code="c">edited by A. H. Tuma, E. M. Stricker, S. Gershon</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Vienna</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer Vienna</subfield><subfield code="c">1992</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 Online-Ressource (X, 202 p. 38 illus)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa</subfield><subfield code="v">36</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Schizophrenia has been the subject of intense research interest in recent years, as investigators have explored the biological bases for the disorder and for various approaches to its diagnosis and treatment. This volume focuses on three aspects of such recent research connecting basic neuroscience to schizophrenia. In one, Professors Budinger, Gur, and Pettegrew provide critical reviews of brain imaging studies as they relate to cognitive behaviour functions in schizophrenia. In the second, Professors Goldmann-Rakic, Lewis, and Tassin discuss monoamine systems and their varied role in prefontal cortical circuitry and function. In the third, Professors Deutsch, Gerfen, and Grace discuss the structure, organization, and function of the basal ganglia, as they relate to schizophrenia and the mechanisms of neuroleptic action. These papers were presented at an interdisciplinary workshop on the subject at the University of Pittsburgh, in May 1991, and the discussion between the authors and other panelists in basic and clinical sciences are included in this volume as well. The presentation of these diverse approaches in an integrated fashion provides the reader with a unique perspective and a wealth of new questions for future collaborative research</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Neurosciences</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Biochemistry, general</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Human Physiology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Pharmacology/Toxicology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Human Genetics</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Neurosciences</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Biochemistry</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Human physiology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Toxicology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Human genetics</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Neurochemie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041872-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Neuropathologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4171594-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nervenheilkunde</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4138737-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Schizophrenie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4052527-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Neurobiologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041871-6</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="655" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1071861417</subfield><subfield code="a">Konferenzschrift</subfield><subfield code="y">1991</subfield><subfield code="z">Pittsburgh Pa.</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd-content</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Schizophrenie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4052527-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Neurobiologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041871-6</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Schizophrenie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4052527-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Neuropathologie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4171594-9</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nervenheilkunde</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4138737-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Schizophrenie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4052527-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Schizophrenie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4052527-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Neurochemie</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4041872-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tuma, A. H.</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Stricker, E. M.</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Gershon, S.</subfield><subfield code="4">edt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">9783211823477</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">9783709192122</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-2-SME</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">ZDB-2-SME_1990/2004</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031527516</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5</subfield><subfield code="l">UBR01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-2-SME</subfield><subfield code="q">ZDB-2-SME_1990/2004</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| genre | (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1991 Pittsburgh Pa. gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Konferenzschrift 1991 Pittsburgh Pa. |
| id | DE-604.BV046147331 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:36:32Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783709192115 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031527516 |
| oclc_num | 1119011793 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | 1 Online-Ressource (X, 202 p. 38 illus) |
| psigel | ZDB-2-SME ZDB-2-SME_1990/2004 ZDB-2-SME ZDB-2-SME_1990/2004 |
| publishDate | 1992 |
| publishDateSearch | 1992 |
| publishDateSort | 1992 |
| publisher | Springer Vienna |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa |
| spelling | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia edited by A. H. Tuma, E. M. Stricker, S. Gershon Vienna Springer Vienna 1992 1 Online-Ressource (X, 202 p. 38 illus) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa 36 Schizophrenia has been the subject of intense research interest in recent years, as investigators have explored the biological bases for the disorder and for various approaches to its diagnosis and treatment. This volume focuses on three aspects of such recent research connecting basic neuroscience to schizophrenia. In one, Professors Budinger, Gur, and Pettegrew provide critical reviews of brain imaging studies as they relate to cognitive behaviour functions in schizophrenia. In the second, Professors Goldmann-Rakic, Lewis, and Tassin discuss monoamine systems and their varied role in prefontal cortical circuitry and function. In the third, Professors Deutsch, Gerfen, and Grace discuss the structure, organization, and function of the basal ganglia, as they relate to schizophrenia and the mechanisms of neuroleptic action. These papers were presented at an interdisciplinary workshop on the subject at the University of Pittsburgh, in May 1991, and the discussion between the authors and other panelists in basic and clinical sciences are included in this volume as well. The presentation of these diverse approaches in an integrated fashion provides the reader with a unique perspective and a wealth of new questions for future collaborative research Neurosciences Biochemistry, general Human Physiology Pharmacology/Toxicology Human Genetics Biochemistry Human physiology Toxicology Human genetics Neurochemie (DE-588)4041872-8 gnd rswk-swf Neuropathologie (DE-588)4171594-9 gnd rswk-swf Nervenheilkunde (DE-588)4138737-5 gnd rswk-swf Schizophrenie (DE-588)4052527-2 gnd rswk-swf Neurobiologie (DE-588)4041871-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift 1991 Pittsburgh Pa. gnd-content Schizophrenie (DE-588)4052527-2 s Neurobiologie (DE-588)4041871-6 s DE-604 Neuropathologie (DE-588)4171594-9 s Nervenheilkunde (DE-588)4138737-5 s Neurochemie (DE-588)4041872-8 s Tuma, A. H. edt Stricker, E. M. edt Gershon, S. edt Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 9783211823477 Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 9783709192122 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext |
| spellingShingle | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia Neurosciences Biochemistry, general Human Physiology Pharmacology/Toxicology Human Genetics Biochemistry Human physiology Toxicology Human genetics Neurochemie (DE-588)4041872-8 gnd Neuropathologie (DE-588)4171594-9 gnd Nervenheilkunde (DE-588)4138737-5 gnd Schizophrenie (DE-588)4052527-2 gnd Neurobiologie (DE-588)4041871-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4041872-8 (DE-588)4171594-9 (DE-588)4138737-5 (DE-588)4052527-2 (DE-588)4041871-6 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia |
| title_auth | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia |
| title_exact_search | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia |
| title_full | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia edited by A. H. Tuma, E. M. Stricker, S. Gershon |
| title_fullStr | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia edited by A. H. Tuma, E. M. Stricker, S. Gershon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia edited by A. H. Tuma, E. M. Stricker, S. Gershon |
| title_short | Advances in Neuroscience and Schizophrenia |
| title_sort | advances in neuroscience and schizophrenia |
| topic | Neurosciences Biochemistry, general Human Physiology Pharmacology/Toxicology Human Genetics Biochemistry Human physiology Toxicology Human genetics Neurochemie (DE-588)4041872-8 gnd Neuropathologie (DE-588)4171594-9 gnd Nervenheilkunde (DE-588)4138737-5 gnd Schizophrenie (DE-588)4052527-2 gnd Neurobiologie (DE-588)4041871-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Neurosciences Biochemistry, general Human Physiology Pharmacology/Toxicology Human Genetics Biochemistry Human physiology Toxicology Human genetics Neurochemie Neuropathologie Nervenheilkunde Schizophrenie Neurobiologie Konferenzschrift 1991 Pittsburgh Pa. |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-9211-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tumaah advancesinneuroscienceandschizophrenia AT strickerem advancesinneuroscienceandschizophrenia AT gershons advancesinneuroscienceandschizophrenia |