Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa: the centrality of the margins
Border regions are often considered to be the neglected margins. In this book, Paul Nugent argues that through a comparison of the Senegambia and the trans-Volta (Ghana/Togo), we can see that the geographical margins have shaped notional centres at least as much as the reverse. Through a study of th...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY
Cambridge University Press
2019
|
Schriftenreihe: | African studies series
144 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | BSB01 UBG01 Volltext Cambridge University Press |
Zusammenfassung: | Border regions are often considered to be the neglected margins. In this book, Paul Nugent argues that through a comparison of the Senegambia and the trans-Volta (Ghana/Togo), we can see that the geographical margins have shaped notional centres at least as much as the reverse. Through a study of three centuries of history, this book demonstrates that states were forged through an extended process of converting a topography of settled states and slaving frontiers into colonial borders. It argues that post-colonial states and larger social contracts have been configured very differently as a consequence. It underscores the impact on regional dynamics and the phenomenon of peripheral urbanism. Nugent also addresses the manner in which a variegated sense of community has been forged amongst Mandinka, Jola, Ewe and Agotime populations who have both shaped and been shaped by the border. This is an exercise in reciprocal comparison and shuttles between scales, from the local and the particular to the national and the regional--Provided by publisher |
Beschreibung: | 1906 |
Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (xx, 610 Seiten) |
ISBN: | 9781139105828 |
DOI: | 10.1017/9781139105828 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000 cb4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV046066369 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 20220915 | ||
007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
008 | 190725s2019 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
020 | |a 9781139105828 |9 9781139105828 | ||
024 | 7 | |a 10.1017/9781139105828 |2 doi | |
035 | |a (ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781139105828 | ||
035 | |a (OCoLC)1111851269 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV046066369 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-473 |a DE-11 | ||
100 | 1 | |a Nugent, Paul |d 1962- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1025662776 |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa |b the centrality of the margins |c Paul Nugent |
264 | 1 | |a New York, NY |b Cambridge University Press |c 2019 | |
300 | |a 1 online resource (xx, 610 Seiten) | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 0 | |a African studies series |v 144 | |
500 | |a 1906 | ||
505 | 8 | |a Centering the margins: states, borderlands and communities -- Configurations of power in comparative perspective: commerce, people and belief to c.1880 -- Port cities, frontiers and boundaries: spatial lineages of the colonial state -- Constructing the compound, keeping the gate: a fiscal anatomy of colonial state-making, c.1900-1940 -- Being seen like a state: frontier logics, colonial administration and traditional authority in the borderlands -- Border regulation and state-making at the margins: taxation, migration and contraband during the interwar years -- Land, belief and belonging in the borderlands -- Bringing the space back in: decolonization, development and territoriality c.1939-1960 -- The vanishing horizon of Senegambian unity: statist visions and border dynamics -- Forging the nation, contesting the border: identity politics and border dynamics in the trans-Volta -- Barnacle states and boundary lines: states, trade and urbanism in the Senegambia -- The remaking of Ghana and Togo at their common border: Alhaji Kalabule meets Nana Benz -- Boundaries, communities and 're-membering': festivals and the negotiation of difference -- Conclusion. Boundaries and state-making: comparisons through time and space | |
520 | 3 | |a Border regions are often considered to be the neglected margins. In this book, Paul Nugent argues that through a comparison of the Senegambia and the trans-Volta (Ghana/Togo), we can see that the geographical margins have shaped notional centres at least as much as the reverse. Through a study of three centuries of history, this book demonstrates that states were forged through an extended process of converting a topography of settled states and slaving frontiers into colonial borders. It argues that post-colonial states and larger social contracts have been configured very differently as a consequence. It underscores the impact on regional dynamics and the phenomenon of peripheral urbanism. Nugent also addresses the manner in which a variegated sense of community has been forged amongst Mandinka, Jola, Ewe and Agotime populations who have both shaped and been shaped by the border. This is an exercise in reciprocal comparison and shuttles between scales, from the local and the particular to the national and the regional--Provided by publisher | |
648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1880-2010 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Grenze |0 (DE-588)4130793-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
651 | 7 | |a Westafrika |0 (DE-588)4079203-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
653 | 2 | |a Africa, West / Politics and government | |
653 | 2 | |a Africa, West / History | |
653 | 0 | |a Borderlands / Africa, West | |
653 | 2 | |a Africa, West / Boundaries | |
653 | 0 | |a Borderlands | |
653 | 0 | |a Boundaries | |
653 | 0 | |a Politics and government | |
653 | 2 | |a Africa, West | |
653 | 6 | |a Electronic books | |
653 | 6 | |a History | |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Westafrika |0 (DE-588)4079203-1 |D g |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Grenze |0 (DE-588)4130793-8 |D s |
689 | 0 | 2 | |a Geschichte 1880-2010 |A z |
689 | 0 | |8 1\p |5 DE-604 | |
776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version |n Druck-Ausgabe, hardback |z 1107020689 |a Nugent, Paul, 1962- |t Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa |d New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2019 |z 9781107020689 |
776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druck-Ausgabe, paperback |
856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828 |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828 |3 Cambridge University Press |
912 | |a ZDB-20-CBO | ||
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031447616 | ||
883 | 1 | |8 1\p |a cgwrk |d 20201028 |q DE-101 |u https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk | |
966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828 |l BSB01 |p ZDB-20-CBO |q BSB_PDA_CBO |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
966 | e | |u https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828 |l UBG01 |p ZDB-20-CBO |q UBG_PDA_CBO |x Verlag |3 Volltext |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804180347621998592 |
---|---|
any_adam_object | |
author | Nugent, Paul 1962- |
author_GND | (DE-588)1025662776 |
author_facet | Nugent, Paul 1962- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Nugent, Paul 1962- |
author_variant | p n pn |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV046066369 |
collection | ZDB-20-CBO |
contents | Centering the margins: states, borderlands and communities -- Configurations of power in comparative perspective: commerce, people and belief to c.1880 -- Port cities, frontiers and boundaries: spatial lineages of the colonial state -- Constructing the compound, keeping the gate: a fiscal anatomy of colonial state-making, c.1900-1940 -- Being seen like a state: frontier logics, colonial administration and traditional authority in the borderlands -- Border regulation and state-making at the margins: taxation, migration and contraband during the interwar years -- Land, belief and belonging in the borderlands -- Bringing the space back in: decolonization, development and territoriality c.1939-1960 -- The vanishing horizon of Senegambian unity: statist visions and border dynamics -- Forging the nation, contesting the border: identity politics and border dynamics in the trans-Volta -- Barnacle states and boundary lines: states, trade and urbanism in the Senegambia -- The remaking of Ghana and Togo at their common border: Alhaji Kalabule meets Nana Benz -- Boundaries, communities and 're-membering': festivals and the negotiation of difference -- Conclusion. Boundaries and state-making: comparisons through time and space |
ctrlnum | (ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781139105828 (OCoLC)1111851269 (DE-599)BVBBV046066369 |
doi_str_mv | 10.1017/9781139105828 |
era | Geschichte 1880-2010 gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte 1880-2010 |
format | Electronic eBook |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04779nmm a2200625 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV046066369</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20220915 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">190725s2019 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781139105828</subfield><subfield code="9">9781139105828</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1017/9781139105828</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781139105828</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1111851269</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV046066369</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-473</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Nugent, Paul</subfield><subfield code="d">1962-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1025662776</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa</subfield><subfield code="b">the centrality of the margins</subfield><subfield code="c">Paul Nugent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">New York, NY</subfield><subfield code="b">Cambridge University Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2019</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 online resource (xx, 610 Seiten)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">African studies series</subfield><subfield code="v">144</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1906</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Centering the margins: states, borderlands and communities -- Configurations of power in comparative perspective: commerce, people and belief to c.1880 -- Port cities, frontiers and boundaries: spatial lineages of the colonial state -- Constructing the compound, keeping the gate: a fiscal anatomy of colonial state-making, c.1900-1940 -- Being seen like a state: frontier logics, colonial administration and traditional authority in the borderlands -- Border regulation and state-making at the margins: taxation, migration and contraband during the interwar years -- Land, belief and belonging in the borderlands -- Bringing the space back in: decolonization, development and territoriality c.1939-1960 -- The vanishing horizon of Senegambian unity: statist visions and border dynamics -- Forging the nation, contesting the border: identity politics and border dynamics in the trans-Volta -- Barnacle states and boundary lines: states, trade and urbanism in the Senegambia -- The remaking of Ghana and Togo at their common border: Alhaji Kalabule meets Nana Benz -- Boundaries, communities and 're-membering': festivals and the negotiation of difference -- Conclusion. Boundaries and state-making: comparisons through time and space</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Border regions are often considered to be the neglected margins. In this book, Paul Nugent argues that through a comparison of the Senegambia and the trans-Volta (Ghana/Togo), we can see that the geographical margins have shaped notional centres at least as much as the reverse. Through a study of three centuries of history, this book demonstrates that states were forged through an extended process of converting a topography of settled states and slaving frontiers into colonial borders. It argues that post-colonial states and larger social contracts have been configured very differently as a consequence. It underscores the impact on regional dynamics and the phenomenon of peripheral urbanism. Nugent also addresses the manner in which a variegated sense of community has been forged amongst Mandinka, Jola, Ewe and Agotime populations who have both shaped and been shaped by the border. This is an exercise in reciprocal comparison and shuttles between scales, from the local and the particular to the national and the regional--Provided by publisher</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1880-2010</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Grenze</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4130793-8</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Westafrika</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4079203-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Africa, West / Politics and government</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Africa, West / History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Borderlands / Africa, West</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Africa, West / Boundaries</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Borderlands</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Boundaries</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Politics and government</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Africa, West</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">Electronic books</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="6"><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Westafrika</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4079203-1</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Grenze</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4130793-8</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1880-2010</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Print version</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe, hardback</subfield><subfield code="z">1107020689</subfield><subfield code="a">Nugent, Paul, 1962-</subfield><subfield code="t">Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa</subfield><subfield code="d">New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2019</subfield><subfield code="z">9781107020689</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druck-Ausgabe, paperback</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828</subfield><subfield code="3">Cambridge University Press</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031447616</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="883" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="a">cgwrk</subfield><subfield code="d">20201028</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-101</subfield><subfield code="u">https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828</subfield><subfield code="l">BSB01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield><subfield code="q">BSB_PDA_CBO</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828</subfield><subfield code="l">UBG01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield><subfield code="q">UBG_PDA_CBO</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
geographic | Westafrika (DE-588)4079203-1 gnd |
geographic_facet | Westafrika |
id | DE-604.BV046066369 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:34:19Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9781139105828 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031447616 |
oclc_num | 1111851269 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-11 |
owner_facet | DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG DE-11 |
physical | 1 online resource (xx, 610 Seiten) |
psigel | ZDB-20-CBO ZDB-20-CBO BSB_PDA_CBO ZDB-20-CBO UBG_PDA_CBO |
publishDate | 2019 |
publishDateSearch | 2019 |
publishDateSort | 2019 |
publisher | Cambridge University Press |
record_format | marc |
series2 | African studies series |
spelling | Nugent, Paul 1962- Verfasser (DE-588)1025662776 aut Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins Paul Nugent New York, NY Cambridge University Press 2019 1 online resource (xx, 610 Seiten) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier African studies series 144 1906 Centering the margins: states, borderlands and communities -- Configurations of power in comparative perspective: commerce, people and belief to c.1880 -- Port cities, frontiers and boundaries: spatial lineages of the colonial state -- Constructing the compound, keeping the gate: a fiscal anatomy of colonial state-making, c.1900-1940 -- Being seen like a state: frontier logics, colonial administration and traditional authority in the borderlands -- Border regulation and state-making at the margins: taxation, migration and contraband during the interwar years -- Land, belief and belonging in the borderlands -- Bringing the space back in: decolonization, development and territoriality c.1939-1960 -- The vanishing horizon of Senegambian unity: statist visions and border dynamics -- Forging the nation, contesting the border: identity politics and border dynamics in the trans-Volta -- Barnacle states and boundary lines: states, trade and urbanism in the Senegambia -- The remaking of Ghana and Togo at their common border: Alhaji Kalabule meets Nana Benz -- Boundaries, communities and 're-membering': festivals and the negotiation of difference -- Conclusion. Boundaries and state-making: comparisons through time and space Border regions are often considered to be the neglected margins. In this book, Paul Nugent argues that through a comparison of the Senegambia and the trans-Volta (Ghana/Togo), we can see that the geographical margins have shaped notional centres at least as much as the reverse. Through a study of three centuries of history, this book demonstrates that states were forged through an extended process of converting a topography of settled states and slaving frontiers into colonial borders. It argues that post-colonial states and larger social contracts have been configured very differently as a consequence. It underscores the impact on regional dynamics and the phenomenon of peripheral urbanism. Nugent also addresses the manner in which a variegated sense of community has been forged amongst Mandinka, Jola, Ewe and Agotime populations who have both shaped and been shaped by the border. This is an exercise in reciprocal comparison and shuttles between scales, from the local and the particular to the national and the regional--Provided by publisher Geschichte 1880-2010 gnd rswk-swf Grenze (DE-588)4130793-8 gnd rswk-swf Westafrika (DE-588)4079203-1 gnd rswk-swf Africa, West / Politics and government Africa, West / History Borderlands / Africa, West Africa, West / Boundaries Borderlands Boundaries Politics and government Africa, West Electronic books History Westafrika (DE-588)4079203-1 g Grenze (DE-588)4130793-8 s Geschichte 1880-2010 z 1\p DE-604 Print version Druck-Ausgabe, hardback 1107020689 Nugent, Paul, 1962- Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2019 9781107020689 Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe, paperback https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828 Cambridge University Press 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
spellingShingle | Nugent, Paul 1962- Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins Centering the margins: states, borderlands and communities -- Configurations of power in comparative perspective: commerce, people and belief to c.1880 -- Port cities, frontiers and boundaries: spatial lineages of the colonial state -- Constructing the compound, keeping the gate: a fiscal anatomy of colonial state-making, c.1900-1940 -- Being seen like a state: frontier logics, colonial administration and traditional authority in the borderlands -- Border regulation and state-making at the margins: taxation, migration and contraband during the interwar years -- Land, belief and belonging in the borderlands -- Bringing the space back in: decolonization, development and territoriality c.1939-1960 -- The vanishing horizon of Senegambian unity: statist visions and border dynamics -- Forging the nation, contesting the border: identity politics and border dynamics in the trans-Volta -- Barnacle states and boundary lines: states, trade and urbanism in the Senegambia -- The remaking of Ghana and Togo at their common border: Alhaji Kalabule meets Nana Benz -- Boundaries, communities and 're-membering': festivals and the negotiation of difference -- Conclusion. Boundaries and state-making: comparisons through time and space Grenze (DE-588)4130793-8 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4130793-8 (DE-588)4079203-1 |
title | Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins |
title_auth | Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins |
title_exact_search | Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins |
title_full | Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins Paul Nugent |
title_fullStr | Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins Paul Nugent |
title_full_unstemmed | Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa the centrality of the margins Paul Nugent |
title_short | Boundaries, communities, and state-making in West Africa |
title_sort | boundaries communities and state making in west africa the centrality of the margins |
title_sub | the centrality of the margins |
topic | Grenze (DE-588)4130793-8 gnd |
topic_facet | Grenze Westafrika |
url | https://doi.org/10.1017/9781139105828 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT nugentpaul boundariescommunitiesandstatemakinginwestafricathecentralityofthemargins |