Natural philosophy: from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty
Paul Thagard uses new accounts of brain mechanisms and social interactions to forge theories of mind, knowledge, reality, morality, justice, meaning, and the arts. Natural Philosophy brings new methods for analyzing concepts, understanding values, and achieving coherence. It shows how to unify the h...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY
Oxford University Press
[2019]
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| Schriftenreihe: | Oxford series on cognitive models and architectures
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Paul Thagard uses new accounts of brain mechanisms and social interactions to forge theories of mind, knowledge, reality, morality, justice, meaning, and the arts. Natural Philosophy brings new methods for analyzing concepts, understanding values, and achieving coherence. It shows how to unify the humanities with the cognitive and social sciences. 0How can people know what is real and strive to make the world better? Philosophy is the attempt to answer general questions about the nature of knowledge, reality, and values. Natural Philosophy pursues these questions by drawing heavily on the sciences and finds no room for supernatural entities such as souls, gods, and possible worlds. It provides original accounts of the traditional branches of philosophy, including epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics.0Rather than reducing the humanities to the sciences, this book displays fertile interconnections that show that philosophical questions and artistic practices can be much better understood by considering how human brains operate and interact in social contexts. The sciences and the humanities are interdependent, because both the natural and social sciences cannot avoid questions about methods and values that are primarily the province of philosophy.0This book belongs to a trio that includes Brain-Mind: From Neurons to Consciousness and Creativity and Mind-Society: From Brains to Social Sciences and Professions. They can be read independently, but together they make up a Treatise on Mind and Society that provides a unified and comprehensive treatment of the cognitive sciences, social sciences, professions, and humanities |
| Beschreibung: | xix, 335 Seiten Illustrationen 25 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780190678739 |
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| adam_text | Contents List of Illustrations xi Foreword xiii Preface xvii Acknowledgments xix 1. Philosophy Matters і Why Philosophy? і What Is Philosophy? 3 Issues and Alternatives: Ways of Philosophizing 5 Elements of Natural Philosophy 12 Overview of This Book 19 Summary and Discussion 21 Notes 23 Project 24 2. Mind 25 Mental Processes 25 Issues and Alternatives 27 Neural Mechanisms 29 Semantic Pointers 31 Inference to the Best Explanation to Multilevel Materialism 40 Philosophical Objections 42 Consciousness 47 Summary and Discussion 54 Notes 56 Project 57 vu
Contents viii 3. Knowledge 58 Minds and Knowledge 58 Issues and Alternatives 59 What Is Knowledge? 61 The Growth of Knowledge 65 Justification 70 Probability 78 Knowledge Is Social 82 Conceptual Change and the Brain Revolution 85 Summary and Discussion 88 Notes 89 Project 91 4. Reality 92 Make Reality Great Again 92 Issues and Alternatives 93 Existence 94 Truth 104 Space and Time 106 Groups and Society 110 Summary and Discussion 114 Notes 116 Project 117 5. Explanation 118 Knowledge Meets Reality 118 Issues and Alternatives 119 Styles of Explanation 120 Emotional and Social Aspects of Explanation 130 Causality 132 Reduction and Emergence 140 Summary and Discussion 144 Notes 145 Project 146 6. Morality 147 Right and Wrong 147 Issues and Alternatives 148 Values 150
Contents Moral Emotions 154 Objective Values and Rational Emotions 156 Needs 157 The Needs of Others 163 Empathy 168 Conflicting Needs and Ethical Coherence 171 Why Is There Evil? 174 Summary and Discussion 176 Notes 179 Project 181 7. Justice 182 From Morality to Justice 182 Issues and Alternatives 184 Just Societies: Needs Sufficiency 186 Just Governments 192 Just Social Change 197 Basic Income 200 Summary and Discussion 202 Notes 205 Project 206 8. Meaning 207 Life and Language 207 Issues and Alternatives 209 Language and Mental Representation 210 The Meanings of Life 213 The Meaning of Death 222 Summary and Discussion 224 Notes 226 Project 227 9. Beauty and Beyond 228 Aesthetics 228 Issues and Alternatives 230 Beauty in Painting 233 Other Emotions in Painting 238 Creativity in Painting 242 Beauty in Music 245 ix
Contents x Other Emotions in Music 247 Creativity in Music 252 Empathy in Literature and Film 253 Summary and Discussion 254 Notes 258 Project 260 10. Future Philosophy 261 Looking Backwards and Forwards 261 Free Will 264 Mathematical Knowledge and Reality 272 Nonhumans: Animals and Machines 286 Summary and Discussion 289 Conclusion: 12 Rules for Philosophical Life 291 Notes 292 Project 293 REFERENCES 295 NAME INDEX 311 SUBJECT INDEX 319
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| physical | xix, 335 Seiten Illustrationen 25 cm |
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| spelling | Thagard, Paul 1950- Verfasser (DE-588)1027683592 aut Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty Paul Thagard New York, NY Oxford University Press [2019] © 2019 xix, 335 Seiten Illustrationen 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Oxford series on cognitive models and architectures 1. Philosophy matters -- 2. Mind -- 3. Knowledge -- 4. Reality -- 5. Explanation -- 6. Morality -- 7. Justice -- 8. Meaning -- 9. Beauty and beyond -- 10. Future philosophy Volume 3. Natural philosophy: from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty Paul Thagard uses new accounts of brain mechanisms and social interactions to forge theories of mind, knowledge, reality, morality, justice, meaning, and the arts. Natural Philosophy brings new methods for analyzing concepts, understanding values, and achieving coherence. It shows how to unify the humanities with the cognitive and social sciences. 0How can people know what is real and strive to make the world better? Philosophy is the attempt to answer general questions about the nature of knowledge, reality, and values. Natural Philosophy pursues these questions by drawing heavily on the sciences and finds no room for supernatural entities such as souls, gods, and possible worlds. It provides original accounts of the traditional branches of philosophy, including epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics.0Rather than reducing the humanities to the sciences, this book displays fertile interconnections that show that philosophical questions and artistic practices can be much better understood by considering how human brains operate and interact in social contexts. The sciences and the humanities are interdependent, because both the natural and social sciences cannot avoid questions about methods and values that are primarily the province of philosophy.0This book belongs to a trio that includes Brain-Mind: From Neurons to Consciousness and Creativity and Mind-Society: From Brains to Social Sciences and Professions. They can be read independently, but together they make up a Treatise on Mind and Society that provides a unified and comprehensive treatment of the cognitive sciences, social sciences, professions, and humanities Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 gnd rswk-swf Erkenntnistheorie (DE-588)4070914-0 gnd rswk-swf Philosophy of mind Cognitive science Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 s Erkenntnistheorie (DE-588)4070914-0 s DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031304867&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Thagard, Paul 1950- Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty 1. Philosophy matters -- 2. Mind -- 3. Knowledge -- 4. Reality -- 5. Explanation -- 6. Morality -- 7. Justice -- 8. Meaning -- 9. Beauty and beyond -- 10. Future philosophy Volume 3. Natural philosophy: from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 gnd Erkenntnistheorie (DE-588)4070914-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4041408-5 (DE-588)4070914-0 |
| title | Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty |
| title_auth | Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty |
| title_exact_search | Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty |
| title_full | Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty Paul Thagard |
| title_fullStr | Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty Paul Thagard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty Paul Thagard |
| title_short | Natural philosophy |
| title_sort | natural philosophy from social brains to knowledge reality morality and beauty |
| title_sub | from social brains to knowledge, reality, morality, and beauty |
| topic | Naturphilosophie (DE-588)4041408-5 gnd Erkenntnistheorie (DE-588)4070914-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Naturphilosophie Erkenntnistheorie |
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