Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern:
By using both modern and ancient sources, this volume explores the relationship between official religion and popular belief in Greece, as illustrated by the relations between competing ideologies, or the relationship between ideology and mentality. It shows that the communicative aspect of the reli...
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Newcastle upon Tyne
Cambridge Scholars Publishing
2019
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| Zusammenfassung: | By using both modern and ancient sources, this volume explores the relationship between official religion and popular belief in Greece, as illustrated by the relations between competing ideologies, or the relationship between ideology and mentality. It shows that the communicative aspect of the religious festival is central, and allows the reader to get to know other sides of Greece than the picture that today dominates the news resulting from the economic crisis with which the county has struggled for several years |
| Beschreibung: | xxviii, 449 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9781527526129 |
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Table of Contents List of Tables. ix List of Figures. x A Note on Transliteration. xix Preface to the English Edition and Acknowledgements.xxi Introduction.xxiv Chapter One. 1 Introduction: Greek Festivals, Modem and Ancient Modem Festivals 15 August, the Dormition of the Panagia (the “All-Holy One”), the Virgin Mary, on the Aegean Island of Tinos The Babo Day in Monokklēsia, Greek Macedonia, 8 January Carnival (Apokreos) in Greek Macedonia: Kalogeros, The Rain Magician, Deutera tēs Tyrinės—Cheese Monday in Melikē Mock Wedding, Clean Monday in Koimēsē The Easter Celebration in Olympos, Karpathos The Anastenaria Festival of Agia Eleně, Greek Macedonia, 21-23 May Summer Bull Sacrifice and Saint’s Feast in Agia Paraskeuē, Lesbos Ancient Festivals The Panathenaia Demeter Festivals: The Mysteries at Eleusis Ancient Women’s Festivals The Thesmophoria The Haloa Festival Dionysos Festivals: The Anthesteria Festival The City Dionysia The Adonis Festival: Adõnia Summary of the Festivals
viii Table of Contents Chapter Two.49 Festival and Communication Communication with the Divinity What is a Festival, and Why and How do People Celebrate Festivals? Summary and Perspectives Chapter Three.90 Popular Cult and Official Ideology Dionysian Ceremonies and Paradoxes in Greek Culture From the Moderation Ideologists to the Adonis of the Popular Cult and Modem Parallels Chapter Four. 171 Ideologies and Mentalities: Competing Values? Chthonian and Olympian Religion and Magic: “Our magic is stronger than theirs!” Summary and Perspectives Chapter Five.261 Nationalism? Ideological Use of the Popular Cult, or a Two-Way Contract? Place, Space, Time and Gender, the Nation and the Foreign: Different Perspectives The Emigrants Return Home “It has Always Been like That, and It is for the Good of It” Chapter Six. 357 Conclusion: Continuity and Change in the Festivals Sources and Bibliography.367 Appendix.405 Overview of
Festivals Table 2: Schematic Survey of Selected Modem Greek Festivals Table 3: Schematic Survey of Selected Festivals within the Attic Festival Calendar Index 413
Bibliography A Note on Ancient Sources In general the sources are taken from the series, The Loeb Classical Library, London and Cambridge Mass. See also https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/ For references to the Bible, see: https ://www. devotions.net/bible/OOold.htm/https ://www.devotions.net/bibl e/OOnew.htm See also The R. S. V. Interlinear Greek-English New Testament. London: Samuel Bagster and Sons Limited, 1978 (1958). Publications and abbreviations for ancient authors and titles are listed with the respective references in the following bibliography. Alternatively, abbreviations are introduced with first mention of the actual source in the running text. Abrahams, Roger D. “The Language of Festivals: Celebrating the Economy.” In Turner, ed. 1984: 161-177. Abu-Lughod, Lila. Veiled Sentiments. Honour and Poetry in a Bedouin Society. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 1988 (1986). —. Writing Women ’s Worlds. Bedouin Stories. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press, 1993a. —. “Islam and the Gendered Discourses of Death.” International Journal ofMiddle East Studies 25 (1993b): 187-205. ABV=Boardman, John. Athenian Black Figure Vases. A handbook. Wold of Art. London and New York: Thames and Hudson, 1991a (1974). ABV=Beazley, J. D. Attic Black-figure Vase-Painters. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1956. Adams, Ellen. “Fragmentation and the body’s boundaries: reassessing the body in parts.” In Draycott and Graham, eds. 2017: 193-213.
368 Bibliography Aesch.=Aeschylus. Vol. 1: Suppliant maidens (=Supp.); Persians (=Pers.); Seven against Thebes (=Sept.); Prometheus (=PV.), Voi. 2: Agamemnon (=Ag.y, Libation-Bearers (=Cho.); Eumenides (=Eum.); Fragments (=Fr.), translated by Herbert Weir Smyth. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1946 (1922, 1926). Aikaterinidēs, G. N. Neoellēnikes Aimatēres Thysies. Leitourgia— Morphologia—Typologia. Athens: Laographia—Deltion tēs Ellēnikēs Laographikēs Etaireias—Parartēma, 1979. Alciphr.=Alciphron, Aelian (=Ael.) and Philostratus. The Letters, translated by Allen Rogers Benner and Francis H. Forbes. The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1962 (1949). Alexakês, Eleuth. P. Ē semaio sto gamo. Teletourgia—Exaplõsê Proeleusē. Athens: Eleuth. P. Alexakěs, 1990. —. Tautotētes kai eterotētes: Symbola, syggeneia, koinotēta stěn ElladaBalkania. 2nd edn. Athens: Ekdoseis Dõdõnê, 2001. Alexiou, Margaret. The Ritual Lament in Greek Tradition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974. —. “The Lament of the Virgin in Byzantine Literature and Modem Greek Folk-Song.” Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 1, 2 (1975 [76]): 111-140. —. “Modem Greek Studies in the West: Between the Classics and the Orient.” Journal of Modern Greek Studies 4, 1 (1986): 3-15. —. After antiquity: Greek language, myth, and metaphor. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2002. Alexopoulos, Kõstas G. Tēnos: To mikro odoiporiko. Athens: Ektdoseis Erinnē, 1993. Alroth, Brita. “Visiting gods—who and why?” In Linders and Nordquist, eds. 1987: 9-19. Andronicos, Manolis.
Musée National. Athens: Ekdotikē Athénon, S.A., 1980. AP.=77ze Greek Anthology. Vols. 1 and 3, translated by W. R. Paton. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1948,1952(1916-1917). Apollod.=Apollodoms. The Library. Vols. 1-2, translated by James George Frazer. The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1963, 1967(1921). Ар. Rhod.=Apollonius Rhodius. The Argonautica, translated by R. C. Seaton. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1912. Ardener, Edwin. “Belief and the Problem of Women.” In Perceiving Women, edited by Shirley Ardener, 1-27. London: Malaby Press, 1975.
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modern 369 Aries, Philippe. “L’histoire des mentalités.” In Le Goff, ed. 1978: 402423. Ar.=Aristophanes. Vol 1: The Acharnions (=Ach.), The Knights (=Eq.), The Clouds (=Nub.), The Wasps (=Vesp.), Voi 2: The Peace (=Pax.), The Birds (=Av.), The Frogs (֊Ran.), Voi 3: The Lysistrata (=Lys.), The Thesmophoriazusae (=Thesm.), The Ecclesiazusae (=Eccl.), The Plutus (=Plut.), translated by Benjamin Bickley Rogers. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1946, 1950(1924). Arist. A էհ. Pol.=Aristotle. The Athenian Constitution, the Eudemian Ethics, On Virtues and Vices, translated by H. Rackham. The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1952 (1935). —. Eth. Nic.=The Nicomachean Ethics, translated by H. Rackham. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1962 (1926). —·. GA.=Generation of Animals, translated by A. L. Peck. The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1963 (1942). —. HA.=Historia Animalum. Voi. 2, translated by A. L. Peck. The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1970. —. History of Animals. Voi. 3, translated by D. M. Balme. The Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1991. —. Metaph.=The Metaphysics. Books 1-9, translated by Hugh Tredennick. The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1961 (1933). —. The Metaphysics Books 10-14, Oeconomica (=Oec.) and Magna Moralia, translated by H. Tredennick and G. C. Armstrong. The Loeb Classical Library. London: Heinemann, 1962 (1935). —. Ph.=Physics. Voi. 2, translated by
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Index Abrahams, Roger D. 72η, 75η Abu-Lughod, Lila 50,91,178-79, 187η Adonis 44-7, 92, 94, 98-9, 104, 113, 127-39,141-44, 146, 14849, 154-56, 170, 177, 200, 203, 207, 210, 217, 235, 257-58, 272, 280.359.412 Adõnidos kēpoi 46, 129η (See abo Gardens of Adonis) Adõnia 44-7,129, 133, 139, 257, 301.412 Aegina 127, 149, 151, 208, 286, 406 Aeschylus 95, 98-9, 10In, 106, 135-36, 141, 149, 156, 189, 200, 202, 225,247, 259 Africa/Africaa 93, 102, 201, 250n, 323, 329, 347n (See also North Africa; South Africa) Agamemnon 138n, 150n, 175,325 Agio: Barbara 407 Elene 21-2,97, 143,210,250, 337-38, 349, 409; village of 11, 19-23,63,778, 109, 113, 116-18, 126, 163, 170,214,218, 266-68, 270, 301,308-11,313,32223, 326, 329, 347, 349, 40809; Marina 14 In, 166-67, 218, 33940, 350, 409; cave of 141n, 350; church of 166-67,218,350; Pelagia 1, 64, 207-08, 269n, 276, 279, 303, 305-06; chapel/church of 305-06; dream/vision of 1-2, 64, 207; festival of the vision of 269n, 306; head of 208, 279, 306 (See also festival; Osia); Paraskeuē 142, 409; cave of 142; church/chapel of 143; village of 24-7, 77, 113, 115-17,245, 267-68, 292, 312, 326, 329, 355, 409 (See also saint); agiasma 321n (See also holy water) Agioi: Anargyroi (Kosmas and Damianos) 149, 168n, 218; Agios·. Athanasios 97, 408; festival of 97, 408; relics of 97; Charalampos 24-7,91, 116, 144, 207,215, 240, 256, 277, 304, 409; festival of 24-7, 66, 91, 113n, 115,240, 245, 257, 280, 333, 409; miracle of 24, 207, 304; tomb of 312; Christopher Doghead 307-08; Demetrios 20, 70, 406; Elias (Prophet) 53, 257, 409; Gerasimos 277-79, 405; festival of
278-79, 405; Geõrgios 70, 408; festival of 70, 408; Konstantinos 21-2,97, 142, 163-64,214, 250, 337-38, 349, 409;
414 clothes of 207, 214; festival of 19-23, 349, 409; icon/icons of 21-2, 207, 214; Luke (evangelist) 206; Nektarios 208, 214; festival of 208, 286; head of 208; Nikolaos 62, 176-77,407; chapel/church of 62, 16667,218; festival of 62, 407 (See also Osios, saint) Aglauros 30; sanctuary of 30, 258 Agora 105, 141, 235 Agrai 31,237,240 agriculture/agricultural 28, 32-4, 38, 72-3, 84, 127, 133, 175,210, 225-26, 236, 247, 262, 284, 289, 292,294,406; calendar 65-6, 85, 88, 129, 25657, 262, 297, 303; cult 31,284,287; cultural hero 238; cycle 33,49,61,72,85-6,88, 155, 202, 256, 295; deity/deities 199,259; district/region 236,261; festival/festivals xxvii, 28, 41, 128, 132, 200, 247, 259; landscape 239; mystery/mysteries 33, 36; population 74; product/products 33,74,210; ritual/rituals 226n, 283-84; society 32, 74, 127, 202, 214, 284, 287-89, 304; work 406; year 8-9, 32, 36, 65-6, 72, 84-8, 95, 184, 192, 198, 207,214, 216, 240, 253,256-57, 259, 341-42, 346, 359, 405, 407, 411 (See also society) agõn/agõnas 322-23 (See also contest) Index Agrionia festival 109 (See also Dionysos) aischrologia (“obscene language”) 33, 36, 38 (See also obscene) Akademy (in ancient Athens) 43, 211 Akropolis (in Athens) 28-30, 41, 59, 87, 125, 139, 150, 155, 16568, 173, 183, 204-06, 238, 256, 260, 282, 292-93, 298, 319, 321, 340, 354; cave/caves 149-50, 165-70, 206.218, 280-82,302, 304, 308, 339, 347, 355 Alexiou, Margaret 61n, 99n, 144n, 155η, 157η, 164n, 169n, 181n, 190-92Ո, 319n, 332n, 350n Alexandria 46 altar 76, 83; ancient 35,63, 103,209,211; modem 115, 173, 219, 336, 344 amulet/amulets 3, 54-6,
59-60, 119, 145n, 161, 175, 202Ո-03, 209, 213, 216, 222-23, 226, 230, 286, 336 Anastenaria 64, 109, 113, 262, 27071, 309-10, 324; cult 204, 206, 270; festival 12,19-23,26,37,78, 91,95-7, 108-09, 113-14, 169.218, 309,316, 322, 327, 333, 349, 352, 357, 409 Anastenaris/Anastenarides xxvii, 12, 19,21-3, 63-4,77-8,91,957, 105, 108, 110, 112, 118, 14344, 172-73, 207, 248, 266, 270, 279, 304, 308-09, 322, 327, 333, 347, 349 Anastenarissa/Anastenarisses xxvii, 12, 19,21-3, 96, 113 ancestor/ancestress/ancestors 12, 24, 39, 53,61,83,214, 221, 224, 270-72, 280, 284, 309-10, 319-20; cult/worship 52-3, 235, 270
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem ancestral custom/customs, privileges 106 animal 20, 24, 26, 28, 32, 36, 63, 70, 83, 111-13, 115-21, 128, 210, 214, 224, 230-31, 317, 332; hides/skins 110, 118-21; mask/masks 118-20,308; products 118; sacrifice 20, 27-8, 63, 66, 83, 91, 113-18, 128, 143-44, 214, 231,329, 331-32, 36263 (See also sacrifice) Annunciation: and Greek War of Liberation 1 2, 86, 240-41; Church of the 2,5,80-1, 158, 230, 232, 240, 242, 268, 280, 321; festival/day of the 86, 154-55, 184, 241,269η, 337, 408; icon of the 2-3, 5, 153, 241; Panagia of the 153,241,268, 337, 408 Anodos (“Way Up”) 34 Anodos (“rising”) 198 Anthesteria festival 39-42, 107, 122, 133, 143, 235,411 Anthesterion (Attic month: February-March) ix, 31, 39, 236, 240,411 Anthos (shoot or flowerbud) 39 anti-survivalism/anti-survivalist/ anti-survivalists 95-7, 170, 262 aparchē/aparchai 33 (See also first fruits) Aphrodite 45-6, 66, 94, 98, 104, 129-33, 136, 138-39, 143, 14549, 151, 154-55, 197, 203-04, 211,235, 245, 258, 280,412 Aphrodite-in-the-Gardens 207,211 Apollo 53n-4, 64, 97, 141-42, 148, 174,189, 197-200,215,223, 245, 258, 351,410,412 Apollodoros (author) 125n, 130n, 21 In, 238 415 Apollonian 42, 94,100, 104-05n, 123, 148 Apollonius Rhodius (author) 103 Apokreos 10-5, 340 (See also carnival) aporrētos/aporrēta (verbal/ritual obscenity) 38 apotropaic 40, 55-6, 59, 86, 123, 202n, 239 Archangel 276 (See also Taxiarchës) Archianastenaris 21, 64, 97. 248, 345 Archõn Bastlens (king archön/magistrate) 40 Ardener, Edwin 180n, 194n Ariadne 143,199,410 Aristophanes (author) 99,
128, 135, 142, 198, 202, 302 Aristotle (author) 50, 65-6, 99-100, 104, 126-27, 137, 171-72, 178, 189, 202,216, 221,253,259, 345n Artemis 53, 112, 120, 142-44, 17576, 198, 206, 245, 339; of Ephesos 120,245,339; ofPherasia 142-43; Triklaria 175-76 Arrephoria xx, 28, 412 Arrēphoros/Arrēphoroi (“bearer/bearers of mystic/secret box”) 30-1, 139,204,211-12, 258 (See also Arrephoria; Athena; festival; weaving) Arthur, Marilyn 177n artos 343-44 (See also blessed bread) Asia Minor 143, 244, 263, 266, 324 (See also Turkey) Asklepios 149, 220, 285 Atallah, W. 147n Athena 28, 57, 60, 63, 65, 88, 98, 104-06, 125-26, 133-34Ո, 13941, 145, 150, 183, 186, 200, 207,211-12, 250-51,257-58, 284, 293,296-97,410-11;
416 Alea 154η, 276η, 284; Ærgane (“the Worker”) 60,411; Hygieia 276n; Parthenos (Virgin) 144,150, 206,211,235, 251,257; Phratira 411; Polias (“of the city”) 28, 60, 87-8, 145, 204-05,211-12, 256-58,410,412; Promachos (“the Warrior”) 251; Skiras 410,412 Athenaeus (author) 202 Athens: ancient 32, 34, 41-3, 46, 60, 65, 80, 84, 105, 109-10, 117, 122, 125, 132-33, 137-38, 143, 173, 177, 189, 197-99, 203, 206, 211, 224, 235-40, 242, 244, 247, 257, 281,311,319-20, 324,350-51, 354,410-12; modern 12, 21, 59, 62, 141n, 150, 165, 167, 169, 185, 190,206,218, 230, 232, 264-67, 269, 271,282, 29193, 295, 298, 309,314-15, 317, 323-24,335, 337,350, 406-07, 409 Attis 45, 104, 337 Augustine of Hippo (author) 222 authority/authorities: Church 170,275,281; civic/civil 126,166-70,275, 280, 324; female 246; male 126, 170; religious 114,170,275,280-81; Western 98 autumn equinox 406,410 Babo 7,9,313,408; festival 7-9,74,91,299,301, 317, 323, 352, 408 Bacchanals/Bacchantes 108-10, 136 Index Bakchai (Euripides) 93, 109, 349 (See also Bacchanals) Balkan/Balkans xxi-ii, 101, 103, 243-44, 246, 262, 303-04, 310, 312Ո-13, 315-18, 320, 357, 360 Balkan Wars 11,316-17 baptism/baptisms 9,49,68,183-85, 312, 323,355, 361,407 Basilinna (queen) 40-1, 134n Battle of the Gods and Giants 30, 102, 171-72 Baubo 124, 145n, 215n, 284 belief/beliefs xxvi-ii, 27, 51-2, 54, 56-8, 68, 74, 90, 96, 101, 126, 142, 147, 155-56, 170, 174, 187, 214, 216-18, 220-22, 226n-27, 242, 250, 261-62, 312, 323, 329, 336, 342, 346-47, 349-50, 353, 362; folk/popular xxvi, 27, 49n, 52, 56-7,96, 118, 142, 146, 156, 170, 174-75, 187, 199,
202-03, 214, 216-18, 220-22, 225-26n, 230, 261-62, 329, 336, 346-47, 350, 353, 359, 362 (See also pagan) Benedict, Ruth 94-5n Bible 13, 115, 181,342,345,362 biological 155, 184, 194-96 birth 9, 13, 28, 34, 42, 53, 61, 68, 72, 76, 88, 141, 152, 181-88, 200-01,203,211-12,215, 245, 253, 286,335, 337,355, 361, 363,406-07, 409; and death 47, 49, 61, 67-8, 70, 72, 76, 86, 182-83, 185-86, 247,286, 335, 355, 361,363 black (as opposed to white) 50; magic 172, 228; pilgrimage clothes 141,143, 213, 220; sacrificial animal 20,116 Black Sea 316 Blum, Eva and Richard 51-5n, 58n, 64-8n, 7On, 72n, 102n, 154n,
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem 176n, 219-20Ո, 222n, 225n, 248-49n, 317n, 329n Bloch, Maurice 197n, 20In, 222n, 252n, 280-82, 295, 330n, 346n, 354n, 364n blood 82-3,121,125-26, 209, 215, 258,315η, 320, 326; feud/feuds 75, 224; sacrifice 27, 54n, 79, 114-15, 117,209,318η, 331 body 40, 82, 85, 87, 93, 102, 134, 172, 177, 179, 182-83, 188, 191-92, 194-96, 201, 207n-08, 213,219-22, 253,277, 279n, 289, 307n, 341, 343 (See also Christ; saint/saints); language 172, 195, 341 Boedromion (Attic month: September-October) ix, 31, 410 bones (human) 207-09,214,26768, 279,318-20, 343,347-48 Bouphonia 117, 256, 412 (See also animal; Dipolieia; festival; offering; sacrifice; Zeus) Bourdieu, Pierre 50, 54n, 58n, 70n, 75n, 87n, 90, 103n, 128, 177, 184, 187n, 194n, 222, 233, 252, 254-56, 259, 274-75, 283, 295n, 325-26Ո, 346-47Ո, 407n, 409n Bouzygios (ox-yoking) 238 Braudel, Fernand xxv, 213n bread 3, 35-6, 171, 198-99, 20910η, 220, 273-74, 343-45, 351; as body of Christ 82, 208, 213; blessed 3, 158, 209-10, 342-45; for festivals 62, 73, 210, 27374, 365; liturgical 210,344η; sacrificial 80-2, 344, 365 (See also artos; prosphoro) bride 13, 38, 75, 93, 101-02, 134, 308; abduction of 13, 38, 102, 363; bridegroom 75, 93, 132, 134, 186, 325 (See also Nymphios) 417 Brumfield, Allaire 59n, 182n-83, 194, 198n, 238,287, 405n Bulgaria/Bulgarian 7,11,21,63, 237, 266,314,316-17 burial 5, 46, 51, 68, 138n, 184, 222, 267, 277, 289,319, 325, 363, 406; customs 317; ground 321; practice 353; procession 15; ritual/rituais 46, 184, 227, 277, 317, 343n (See also cemetejy; funeral; laments;
ritual; water) Bürkeit, Walter 53n, 64n, 11 On, 116-17Ո, 122n, 145n, 224n, 331 Byzantine 4-6, 105, 113, 118, 149, 166, 246, 279, 332-33, 346; church 5, 62, 114, 140, 143, 166, 213, 218, 228-29, 334; Empire 332; sources 27, 108-09n, 114, 318, 333n calendar 65-6, 85, 88, 129, 240, 256, 262, 297, 303, 337; ancient Athenian festival 27, 46, 65-6, 91-2n, 132, 139, 141,257-59, 301,337,410; year 65; annual 90, 258; modem 31; year 405; national festival 27, 91, 257; of church/Orthodox 20, 65, 337; of Kabyles 177,256-57,259; popular 65; ritual/festival 259, 342 (See also agricultural; year) Campbell, John K. 52n, 60n, 83n, 90, 94n, 102, 177n, 181n, 322, 342
418 candle/candles 64η, 145η, 153, 158, 160, 213, 228, 342 Cappadocia/Cappadocian 115, 142, 265-66, 309,314,316 carnival 10-5, 55, 70, 75, 84, 93, 96, 118-20, 122, 127, 134, 191, 216, 249, 299η, 301-02, 313-14, 316,318, 323, 325, 327, 340, 348,351,354, 363, 408 (fee also Apokreos) cave 31,57,71,86-7, 139, 142, 146, 149-53, 158, 165-70, 203, 206, 209,212-13,218, 278, 280-82, 286, 290, 301-04, 306, 308, 329, 339, 341, 347, 350, 355, 408 cemetery/cemeteries 15, 17, 71, 81, 185, 193, 196, 219, 235, 246, 249, 267-68, 277, 348, 352n {See also burial) Chalkeia 411 (See also Athena; festival; weaving) Charlamelia 27, 77 (See also Agios Charalampos; communal meal; festival) Charon 61 (See also death) chartia paraklēsis (prayer or supplication papers) 268 child/children 3, 5, 14, 17n, 32, 41, 68, 86, 109, 112, 118, 126, 133, 141, 144, 153, 156, 162-63, 175, 179, 185-86, 188-89, 197, 209, 211,218, 231,267, 285n, 30102, 304-05, 334; divine 31-2,212; earth 125,211 childbirth 7, 66, 188-89 childhood 68,270-71,302 Chloaia 411 (See also Demeter; festivals) Choes (“Drinking Cups”) 39,41 Christ v, 15, 65, 68, 82, 154-55, 208, 213, 338-39, 342-43n, 407; birth of 9, 184, 337, 407; blood of 83; body of 82n, 208, 213; Index dead/death/burial/funeral of/grave/tomb (Epitaphios) of 13, 15-6, 117,203,277, 408; feasts of: Ascension 117; Baptism of 407; Easter (See Easter); Palm Sunday 132, 154; Transfiguration 154; on the cross/crucified 81-2; Resurrection of 13, 15, 83, 165, 169,218, 277,337, 408; sacrifice of 82-3 (See also Epitaphios; Nymphios) Christian/Christianity 21-2, 27, 513, 57, 61, 69, 72,
82, 94, 96-7, 105, 109, 115-16, 118, 126, 131, 145n, 149, 163-64, 166, 172, 174, 181, 186, 192, 206,214, 217-19, 223, 225-26, 271,280, 282, 303, 312-13, 330, 332-33, 336-37, 340-41, 343n, 345, 347, 350,353, 361; belief 51,214; Catholic 69, 77n, 80, 82n, 318, 347n; Church 69, 328, 350; church fathers 32, 108, 124, 126, 132, 178, 187, 215, 332, 336, 345-46, 353; ideology 9, 51, 62, 94, 105, 132, 146,218,246, 271, 277, 281, 328, 336-37, 341, 351-52; martyr/martyrs 345; Orthodox/Orthodoxy 69, 264, 312, 332 (See also Greek; religion; saint) Chytroi (“Pots”) 39,41 circle (kyklos) 146 (See also cycle) City Dionysia 42-4, 47, 175, 235, 240, 245, 326, 411 (See also Dionysos; Great Dionysia; festivals)
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modern city-state/city-states xxviii, 28, 256 (See also polis) clan/clans 112,236,330,345 Clean Monday 12-5, 93, 127, 325, 340, 408 cleaning 55,185 Clement of Alexandria (author) 94, 104, 137, 144, 225, 284, 33637n, 343 clothes 33, 136, 140-41, 143, 16163,213-14, 229, 270, 333-35 (See also black; mourning; pilgrimage) coffin 15,320 comedy/comedies 42, 44, 66, 92, 110, 128 commemoration/commemorative celebration/ceremony 24, 139, 268 (See also memorial; ritual) communal meal 20, 26-7, 75, 77, 84-5, 326-27, 363 communicate/communication/ communicative xxiii, xxv, 18, 49-89, 152, 216, 223, 246, 272, 280-81, 291, 295 comparative xxi-v, 8, 52n, 330, 360; analysis 1, 48, 88, 91, 192, 290n, 359; perspective xxii-iii, xxv-vi, 30, 84-9, 117, 141,201η, 211, 247, 250, 255-60, 287, 289, 330, 335-37, 355, 359; comparison xxi, xxv-vi, 11, 38, 49, 52n, 122-23, 147, 155, 168, 170, 186-87, 213, 221, 224, 233, 336, 360, 364 contest 30, 42, 70, 133, 171, 295, 310, 322, 324 com 35-6, 79, 136, 145, 209; Goddess of 86 (See also Demeter; grain) corpse 98, 103n, 185, 289 (See also fimeral) cosmology 169,177,218,348 Crete 15, 184n, 190, 316 419 cultural xxiv-v, 76, 135, 170, 179, 191,201,216,275, 280,313, 318,359-61; area/region 45, 63-4, 76, 322, 361; change xxii; characteristics 361; concept/concepts xxvi, 82; conflict xxvii, 18, 313; context 178; contact 64, 69; continuity 98, 359; critique 97; diffusion 313; environment 361; heritage xxii, 353; hero 238; history 329,361; layers 53; pattern/pattems 50-1, 94-5, 143, 170, 223, 265-66,318, 320,
329, 358; Apollonian and Dionysian 42, 94, 100; representation 275; studies xxii; theory 173; tradition 66; unity 360 culture (as opposed to nature) 121, 172, 177 culture/cultures xxii, 42, 50, 52n, 81-2, 164, 166, 176, 180n, 195, 201n, 213, 291, 304,315η, 319n, 322, 330, 341, 346, 352, 359,361; ancient Greek xxii-v, 42, 61, 85, 91-100, 103, 113, 120, 133-34, 142-43, 156-57, 164, 168, 170, 172, 181, 183, 192, 196,215-16,219, 227, 233-34, 247, 250, 254, 313,318, 322, 331-33, 341, 346, 358-59, 361-64; anti- 113,157; dual 364;
420 Eastern 210; elite 170,227,352; European xxv, 282, 318; Hellenic 353; male 110, 133, 177, 190, 194, 197, 250n; Mediterranean xxii, xxvin, 60, 190,316,318, 341,352, 361; modem Greek xxi-v, 25, 85, 103-04, 109, 156-57, 164, 168, 170, 172, 183, 192, 196,215-16,219, 233-34, 250, 270, 273,313-15, 33 In, 341,346, 352,359, 362-63; popular 119, 170,227,275, 313,318,352, 361; post-antique 164 cycle/cycles: of agricultural seasons 32-3, 46, 72, 84, 88, 95, 207, 240, 246, 359; of fertility 74; of festivals of the Panagia 65, 192, 297, 342, 406 (See also Panagia); of human lifespan 68, 86, 88-9, 128; of nature 70n, 86, 88-9, 129, 342, 355; of religious/festive year 20, 65, 75, 85, 95-7, 256-57, 259, 342 cyclic/cyclical 32, 74, 85-6, 130, 162-63,216,252, 346, 363; model (of Kabyles) 90, 252-54; perspective 85, 136, 254; time 70, 87, 157, 189, 262-63, 303-05 Cyprus xx, 45, 131, 139,184, 24344, 266, 271, 309, 324 daily life 18, 52, 56, 64, 66, 104 (See also everyday) Index dais 65, 328 (See also communal meal) dance (choros) 8, 13, 16, 19-22,28, 36, 44, 64, 69, 76, 91, 96, 104, 109-13, 122, 143, 146, 158,172, 180n, 195, 199n, 227, 270, 280, 291,295, 309-10,314,316-17, 324, 341; and lament 46, 158, 227, 291; and wedding 13; as means of communication 21, 44,64, 69, 104, 109, 11213, 122, 291,341; fire 21-3,64,91, 172,313 Danforth, Loring M. 96-8, 169n, 178n, 194n, 210n, 270, 310, 314n, 33On, 333n, 349, 352n-53 death/deaths 9-10, 12, 14,21,45, 49,51,61,63, 67-8, 70,72, 756,81,83, 86, 88,116, 129-30, 135n, 143, 179, 182-83, 186, 192, 201n, 217-18, 235, 250, 279n, 286,289,315, 329-30, 335,
346, 363-64; and gender/women 182,192, 217-18, 227, 246,250, 286, 290n; and resurrection 10, 13, 15,745, 117, 138, 250, 287, 337, 408; cult xxvii, 9, 15, 28, 41, 44, 49, 51,62, 83, 85, 88,92, 138, 202, 207,215-16, 225, 230, 235, 239, 256, 276-77, 279, 289-90,318, 320, 328-29, 336, 342, 347-48, 359, 362; day 139,227; festival 139,200,277,328; life and 32,75, 116, 130, 172, 258, 287; rite/rites/ritual/rituals xxv-vi, 47, 68, 182-83, 192,227η, 246, 276-77, 355, 361 (See also funeral; official; rituals of death)
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem deathbed 15-6, 51, 61, 161, 222, 229, 334 Delos 5-6, 117n, 148, 173,244-45, 354 Delphi 64, 142, 223, 319, 345; oracle at 155, 175, 319 Demeter 31-9, 41, 46, 53, 65, 80, 93-4, 104, 106, 110, 122, 124, 127-28, 132, 139, 141, 144,151, 155, 174-76, 183, 186, 192, 197-200, 207, 209-10, 212, 236, 239-40, 245, 247-48, 250-5In, 257, 263n, 272, 284, 287-88, 297, 307, 340n, 348, 351, 41012; Black 305; Chloë 198,411-12; Grain Goddess 8, 38, 73, 86, 186, 197, 200, 247 demon/demons 21, 52n, 61, 70-2, 108, 132, 226n, 347 Demophoon 32 Demosthenes (author) 77, 106, 110 Detienne, Marcel 63n, 65n, 113n, 127-31, 133, 135-39, 142n, 200n,210, 25In, 254n Deubner, Ludwig 71 Devil 60, 83, 94, 132, 341 Dew Goddess 28 Dialogues of Courtesans (Lucian) 34-5, 38 disease/diseases 108, 166, 175, 213, 219, 230 Diodorus Siculus (author) 105-06, 110, 238 Dionysia 42-4,47, 123, 170, 175; Great 42, 175, 240 {See also City Dionysia) Dionysian 44, 91-2, 94-5, 97, 100, 104-05, 108, 113, 122, 127, 157, 170, 223, 226, 249, 254, 257, 351 Dionysos 5, 11, 39-44, 47, 63, 65, 77, 91-4n, 97-8, 106-08, 110-11, 113,117,121-25, 127-28, 133, 137, 142-43, 148, 154n, 171, 421 173-75, 187, 197, 199-200n, 207-09Ո, 215-16, 226, 233, 235, 240, 257, 272,315n-16, 351, 410-11; Lēnaios 411; Liknites (in the liknori) 145-46; Limnaioslin the Marshes 39, 348; of EleutherailEleutheros (“Deliverer”) 42-3, 154n, 175, 235; Zagreus 117,200,214 Dipolieia 117, 256, 258, 412 (See also festival; Zeus) dithyramb/dithyrambs (hymn in praise of the God of wine) 44, 77, 315n divinity/divinities
30, 63-5, 75, 86, 149, 151,200, 203,276, 286, 343 dõdekada (“group of twelve”! 21 dõdekaêmero (the twelve-day period from Christmas to Epiphany) 407 Dodona 63, 148, 155 dog days 45, 87, 127, 256, 258, 406, 409, 412 (See also Seirios) domestic 7, 100, 108, 111, 113, 133, 277 (See also sphere) Dormition (festival) of the Mother of God 1-7, 64n, 87, 139, 15455, 158, 240, 242, 244, 256, 269n, 277, 285n, 287, 305, 405 (See also “Falling Asleep” of the Bearer or Mother of God; Koimēsis tēs Theotokou) doxa 222, 233, 274-75, 283, 347 dream/dreams 1, 63-4, 141, 206-07, 270, 306n (See also vision) dreamtime 262, 303 (See also time) dress 8, 28, 214, 256; wedding 30 Dubisch, Jill 69n, 91, 99n, 154n-55, 157, 169n, 178, 182, 194, 227n, 262, 274, 280n, 282n, 298n,
422 301, 309η, 322η, ЗЗЗп-34, 349η, 354η du Boulay, Juliet 52η, 90, 258η dyadic (two-fold) perspective 20 Dysaulês 238η earth/Earth З, 9-11, 32, 35-6, 39-40, 42, 45, 64, 74, 84-6, 93, 122, 126, 130, 134, 136, 144, 158-59, 199-201, 203, 212-14, 221, 247, 250, 252-54, 259, 267η, 282, 305, 318η, 332, 339, 342-43, 349-51, 359; Child 125, 211-12 (See also earth-born); holy 84, 159,214,305,342, 349-50; Mother 85, 126, 144, 148, 188n, 200-01, 216, 254 earth-born 126, 183 Easter (festival) 13, 15-9, 47, 74, 81-3,92, 117n, 139, 165, 203, 210, 271,273-74, 279n,313, 316, 336, 340, 360, 408 Egypt/Egyptian 46, 50, 82, 99, 106, 224 ekphora 289, 325 (See also burial; funeral procession) Elaphebolion (Attic month: MarchApril) ix, 411 Eleusis 35-6, 73, 79, 110, 122, 141, 145, 173, 198, 204, 207, 209-10, 215n, 217, 236-39, 283,288, 339-40Ո, 345, 365; Goddesses at 106, 175, 207, 209, 288; Mysteries at 31-3,237,283, 285, 348 Eleusinia festival 410 (See also Demeter; festivals) Eleusinian/Eleusinians 32, 39, 137, 145, 210-1 In, 237-38, 284; cult 105, 110, 215n, 283-84, 287, 340n; deities 79 (See also Demeter and Korē)՛, Index Games 410; Mysteries 31-3, 43, 69, 73, 80, 143, 173-74Ո, 212, 236, 239-40, 283, 410 Eleusinion 238 Elli 86, 139,241-42,279,298 embroideîy 77, 120 emotion/emotional/emotions 50, 58, 67, 71, 84, 98-9, 104, 146, 170, 178-80, 230,282, 341 Empedokles 252-53n En Limnais (In the Marshes) 39 (See also Anthesteria; Dionysos) Enniamera 161,168η (See also Ninth Day’s ritual; Panagia) ephēboi (young armed men) 44 Epimenides of Crete 57, 225 Epitaphios 15-6, 144, 154, 161, 203-04, 213,
268, 277 (See also Christ’s fonerai; Easter; Panagia, saint/saints) Erekhtheion (temple) 28, 293, 339 Erekhtheus 30, 237, 256-57n, 319, 321 Erichthonios 125,183,211-12 Erichthonios/Erekhtheus 30 Eros 139,148,211,412 ethnic/ethnicity xxii, xxvii-viii, 101, 196n, 264, 275, 309-10, 314-16, 321-22 Euangelismos 2 (See also Annunciation) Eumenides (Aeschylus) 95, 189 Eumolpos 110,237,239 Euripides (author) 93, 99, 104, 108, 110, 112, 125, 144, 225 Eurocentric: History 263; time 262 Europe/European xx, xxii-iii, xxvvin, 14, 66, 80n,98, 100, 118, 142, 157-58, 168, 262,277, 279Ո-80, 282, 292n, 301, 324n, 352; East/eastem xxii, xxv, 329;
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem North/northem xxiii-iv, 180-81, 292n, 302,318, 323,342, 350, 364; northwestern xxiii-iv, 7, 158, 196,216, 263, 329; South/southem 94, 292n, 35051; southeasten xxii, 163, 318, 330, 358; West/Western/westem xxv, 98, 164, 166, 168, 267, 322 everyday 60, 66, 70,124, 215, 270, 343-44, 347, 353, 362; life 18, 68-9, 156, 287, 362 evolutionist (perspective) 52n, 14647, 149, 207,215η, 288-89 Evil Eye 56-8, 60-1, 88, 94, 138, 175-76, 216, 219, 223, 234, 329 ex-voto (See tamer, votive offering) exhumation 268, 319 (See also bones) fast/fasting 33-4, 36, 77, 129-30, 132, 154, 253, 325, 327, 340 fate/fates/Fates 52-3, 63, 177, 194, 200, 349 feast/feasts xxvii, 7-9, 16, 19, 24, 38, 65-6, 76-7, 80n, 97, 103n, 166, 192, 243-44, 256, 268, 271-72, 276, 305, 309, 343n, 406, 408-09 (See also death; fertility; festival; healing; memorial; national; religious; saint; women) female/females v, xxi, xxv-viii, 12, 30, 33, 36, 38, 44, 57-8, 60, 64, 85, 87, 90, 92, 99, 103, 106, 108, 110, 122, 127-28, 130, 133-34, 137,141-42,146-49, 154-57, 168, 172, 174, 177-82, 186, 188-89, 191-97, 200-01, 206, 246-54, 256-58; cult 149; deity/divinity 30, 94, 98, 132, 149,151,153,200, 259; 423 domain/dominance/dominated 30, 141,349; fertility 102, 121, 134, 149, 257; festival/festivals 9, 33-9, 25759; period (of year) 87-8,253,25657, 259, 407,411; pilgrim 3-6, 26, 73, 80-1, 159, 161, 165, 169, 208,286, 300, 365; power 201; world 2, 4 (See also lament; perspective; ritual; saint; space/sphere; value; women) fertility xxvii, 1, 7, 9-10, 13, 27-8, 30, 32, 36,
38-9,44-5, 47, 74, 85-6, 93-4, 102,116n, 118, 12122, 124, 126-27, 129-31, 134, 136-37, 139, 146, 148, 151, 169, 189, 204, 209-10,212,214-15, 217, 238-39, 247-48, 253, 25859, 281, 284-86, 288, 331, 33940n, 343n, 363; cult/cults xxvii, 9-10, 13, 15, 33,38,41,44, 49,74, 85-8,92, 94, 126, 177,202,215, 239, 256, 285, 329, 359, 362; deity/powers 129, 134; festival/festivals 1,28,32-3, 39, 47, 94, 129, 135, 155, 241, 256-57; Goddess/Goddesses/God/Gods 94, 120, 123, 143, 204,214, 216; magic 124, 157, 189; rites/rituals xxv, xxvii, 36, 292, 317; symbol/symbols/symbolism 20, 32, 35, 55, 93,118,130, 148, 203,210,214-15,217, 336 fertility-bestowing/ensuring/ inducing/promoting 3, 6, 25-6, 34-5,42, 116-17, 123, 128, 130,
424 148-49, 151, 174,213,215,217, 256, 272 festival/festivals 49-89,94, 115, 117-18, 132, 172, 175, 177, 181, 215,217, 222, 225, 245, 253, 255-56, 258-59, 272, 285-86, 295, 299-300, 304, 323-24, 32627, 331,351,357,364; ancient xxi, xxiv-viii, 2849, 60, 65-7, 70, 72-3, 75, 77, 79-80, 83-6, 88-9, 91-2, 95, 97, 107, 109-10, 113, 117, 122, 127-30, 132, 135, 137-39, 141-43, 145-47n, 154-55, 170-72, 175, 186, 192, 194, 196-200, 202-04, 207,211-13,215-17, 230, 233, 235, 237, 239-41,24445, 247,256-59, 261-62, 272, 279, 286, 289, 295-97, 301,311,324, 326-28, 330, 335, 339-40Ո, 351, 360, 362-64, 410-12; female xxvii, 7-9, 33-9, 59,74, 85, 91-2, 127-28, 130, 137, 139, 141, 146, 180, 194, 209,213,217,238, 247, 257-59, 272, 299,301-02, 309,317, 323, 345, 352-53, 408,411; local xxvii, 7-27, 77-8, 84, 86, 93, 95-6, 108-09, 113-15, 117-18, 122, 138, 143-44, 146, 163, 165-66,168Ո-69, 175, 197-98, 204,215,218, 227, 240-42, 245, 256-57, 267-71,274, 277-80, 287, 292, 295, 298-99, 301-02, 308-09,313,316-17,32223, 326-27, 333-36, 33940n, 349-50, 352, 354, 357, 365, 405-09; modem xxi, xxiv-viii, 1-27,479, 55-6, 62, 65-7, 72-80, 829,91,93, 95-7, 108-09, 11315, 117-18, 138-40, 143-44, Index 146, 154-55, 158, 163, 16566, 168Ո-70, 175, 184, 186, 192-96, 200, 203-04,213, 215, 218, 227-28, 230, 233, 240-42, 244-45, 256-57, 259, 261-63, 266-72, 274, 277-80, 287, 291-92, 29495, 297-99, 301-02, 308-09, 311,313,316-17, 322-31, 326-27, 330-31,333-36, 339-40Ո, 342, 346, 349-52, 354, 357, 359-60, 362-65, 405-09; of saint 1-7,15-27,62, 65-7, 70, 73, 76-9, 83-5, 88, 91, 95-7, 108-09, 113-15, 117-18, 139-40,
143-44, 146, 15455, 158, 163, 16566, 168Ո-69, 175, 184, 192-94, 204, 215,218, 227,230, 240, 245, 256-57, 268-72, 277-80, 297-98, 309,311, 316, 322, 326-27, 333, 339-40Ո, 342, 345, 349-50, 352, 365, 405-09 (See also death; feast; fertility; healing; national; religious; women) fieldwork xxii, xxiv-vi, 1, 179, 181, 184η, 188η, 190, 193, 195-96, 269, 303, 323, 329-31, 359, 362 fieldworker 305-06, 333 fire 22, 32-3, 203-04, 211, 220, 252; dance 22-3,91,313,349; rituals 32,203-04,211 first fmits/fırst fruit offering 33, 43, 88, 132, 176, 198, 331 (See also aparchē/aparchai)
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem Flambouro 119-20, 196, 299n, 302, 311-13, 323, 327, 406, 408 (See also carnival; festival) food 7-8, 10, 15,17, 32, 34, 38-9, 44,72, 75-8, 96-7, 113n, 115, 129-30, 186, 197, 199-200, 207, 214, 216, 233, 238, 247-48, 252, 258-59, 267-68, 295, 310, 317, 326-28, 363; sweet/sweets 13, 44, 137 Foley, Helene P. 103n, 108n, 179n, 187n, 220n, 252 Foxhall, Lin 405-08n Frazer, James 55n, 217, 285; Frazerian ideology 217 funeral/funerals 15-6, 44, 68, 156, 178, 229; oration 346; procession 325 (See also burial; death; lament/lamentation; legislation; women) Furies 95, 136, 177 GaiaJGē 93-4n, 148, 203, 212, 238n Gamelion (Attic month: JanuaryFebruary; “the month of marriage”, cf. gamos, marriage) ix, 411 Gardens of Adonis 131,155,210 (See also Adõnidos kēpoi) gender/gendered 60, 152, 156, 178, 187n, 192, 253,261-62, 31 In, 243; and history 262; and identities 250n; and sexuality xxvi, 175, 180, 194n; classification/description 251, 253; dichotomy/divide/division/ duality 190,255,257; domains 253; hierarchy/hierarchies 190, 191, 253; perspective 9,91; 425 relations xxi, 8-9, 92, 180, 192, 330, 362; research/researcher/studies 147, 183, 194-95; role/roles 18, 183; space/spaces/sphere/spheres xxvi, 173, 182, 256, 227n; values 233, 254 (See also perspective; role; sphere; values) Genetyllis 7, 66 genitalia/genitals 33, 59, 85, 93, 130, 133, 155, 175, 207-08, 343 gephyrismos 122 gerarai (“Venerable Ones”) 39 Gemet, Louis 52n, 63η, 65n, 156n, 233, 300n, 326n, 329n gesture/gestures 42, 122, 124, 146, 215-17Ո, 223, 230, 271,291, 305,
333, 341, 363 ghosts 41, 71 gift/gifts 7, 10, 30, 33, 35-6, 39, 545, 62, 66, 78, 82, 84-5, 115, 117, 119, 139, 144, 149, 171, 175, 181, 197, 210, 218, 247, 268-69, 327, 331,335-36, 339, 362; votive 84,151,210,213,269, 285n, 334; counter- 55, 62, 103n, 210, 344; exchange 81, 84-5, 267-68, 326 (See also burial; grave; offering; tama; wedding) gift-giving 76, 103n, 175, 267-69 gigantomachy (See Battle of the Gods and Giants) globalisation xxii-iii, xxvi, 263, 330, 366 Goddess/Goddesses 1-2, 7-8, 28, 30-3,35-6,38,41,45, 53, 57, 60, 63, 65-6, 71, 85-6, 88, 105, 112, 120, 122,128, 132-33, 139, 141-49, 151, 153-55, 175-77, 183-84, 186, 194, 197-98, 200, 204-07, 209-13, 215, 232-33, 235, 239, 245-48, 250-51, 25658, 272, 277, 280, 284, 297,
426 299, 305, 337, 339-41, 348, 362, 410-12 God/Gods 1, 5, 10, ЗО, 39-41, 43-4, 46, 52-3, 58, 61, 65, 82-3, 85-6, 94, 102-05, 108, 110-11, 115, 123, 125-26, 133-34, 141, 144, 146, 148-49, 151-52, 154-55, 171-72, 174-76, 184, 186-87, 197, 199-201,209,211,214, 216, 219η, 221, 226η, 235, 238, 241,253-54, 256, 258, 272, 337-39, 241,343,410-12 grave/graves 15, 77, 138, 223-24, 269, 319, 352η (See also burial; Amerai; tomb) graveyard 71 (See also burial ground; cemetery) Greater Mysteries 237 (See also Demeter; Eleusinian Mysteries; festival) Greece/Greek/Greeks xix-xviii, 116, 18-20,25, 27,61-3, 66, 69, 80, 85-6, 90-3, 95-8, 100-01, 105, 114, 131-32, 134, 143, 150, 157, 164, 170, 180-81, 187, 190-91, 195, 216, 218, 233, 246, 250-52, 254, 268-71, 275, 277, 281,285, 287,291,294,299, 304,313,316-17, 329-30, 33233, 341, 350, 353, 355, 357-59, 361,364; ancient xx, xxiii-vi, xxviii, 5, 7, 9, 28-47, 5ІП-3, 58, 66, 73, 75, 84-6, 88, 90, 92-3n, 98104n, 106-1 On, 114-16, 12021, 125-26, 131-38, 142-44, 146-48, 151, 153, 156, 164, 166, 169-70, 172, 181, 186, 190, 192-95, 197,201,210, 216-17,219, 221,223-24, 238, 244, 256-57, 261-63, 265, 272, 280, 289-90Ո, 311,316,318-21,331,333, 337, 343, 345n, 350, 354, 360-63,411-12; Index modem xix-xxiv, xxvi, xxviii, 1-27, 49, 52-4, 56-8, 66-7, 69-70, 72, 75, 79, 82, 84-6, 88, 90-1, 93η, 95, 97, 100, 102, 105, 108-10, 114-16, 119-20, 126, 135, 137, 139, 142, 152, 156-58, 163-64, 166, 168-70, 172-73, 17984, 186-96, 203, 206,210, 216-19,223-24, 230-32, 240-44, 246, 250, 256-57, 261, 263-67, 271, 276, 279, 285, 290η-92, 299, 302-03, 305, 308,310-16,318,
321, 323-24, 328-29, 331,335, 340, 345, 347-48, 351-54, 358, 360-63, 405-09; nationalism 4, 13-5, 27, 155, 164, 241-44, 261-62, 27576,313-15, 324, 331,35455; Orthodox Church 26-7, 47, 69, 80-2n, 115, 15 In, 155, 161, 166, 225, 233,244,318, 332-33, 343, 354-55 (See also Christian; culture); perspective xxvii, 7, 115, 125, 135, 158, 164, 181n, 188, 196,218, 250, 262-63, 285, 292, 301-03,311-12,31415, 350, 359, 364 grief/grieving 34-5, 98, 104, 179 (See also mourning) gynaikokratia (women’s rale) 8 Hades 174,339; as bridegroom 32, 34-6, 38, 186; as physical place/house 52, 72, 117, 136, 173 (See also underworld) hair 15, 45, 59, 110, 118, 199, 277, 305n; offering 44, 118, 227-29, 33335
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem Haloa festival 9, 33, 36-9, 74, 91, 130, 137, 141, 238, 247, 252, 257, 411 (See also Demeter; festival) harvest/harvesting 9-10, 16, 24, 28, 70n, 72-3, 75-6, 86, 174,214, 292, 294-96, 406; grain 23, 46, 74-6, 86-7, 130, 174, 197-98, 214, 256, 258, 292, 294-96, 339-40, 405, 409-10,412; grape 39, 292, 294-95, 406, 410; olive 28-9, 406, 411 head 59,68,71,106,110,118, 120, 122, 141, 188n, 207-09, 305-08, 345, 354 healing xxv, xxvii, 1-6, 9-10, 15, 20-1, 23, 28, 47, 49, 56, 70, 801,85-6, 88, 92,96, 110, 112, 131, 139, 144, 149, 151, 158, 161, 172, 180n, 182, 184,20203, 209-10, 239, 241, 256, 268, 272, 277, 282, 285-87, 329, 336, 339, 343n, 355, 359 health/healthy 2,20, 123, 172,210, 214, 220, 285, 361 (See also Athena; Goddess) hearth: domestic 174; official/common 32, 43, 212 (See also altar) heaven 52, 172, 203, 205-06, 252 heavenly 53, 86, 174, 201, 248, 254, 277 Hekate 54, 66, 71 Hekatombaion (Attic month: JulyAugust) ix, 28, 410, 412 Hekuba 112, 179 Helios 53, 337 Hellenic tradition (as opposed to Romele, see infra) 166 Hephaestos 211,411 heritage/heritages xxii, xxv, 156, 164, 244, 277, 301,326,353, 361 427 Hermes 126, 201n Herodotus (author) 66, 99, 101-02, 106, 110, 120, 125-27, 138, 206, 224 hero/heroes/heroic (ancient) 30, 523n, 61, 65, 83,85, 98, 121, 127, 133-34, 171,199,215, 237-39, 272, 304n, 320, 335, 345, 362; cult 62, 83, 235, 279n, 345-46 heroes (modem) 53n, 139, 241-42, 279, 298 heroine/heroines (ancient) 30,41, 61, 65, 83, 85, 143n, 146, 214, 272 Herzfeld, Michael 97η, 100η, 102n, 134n, 154n, 157, 170n,
174n, 180n, 183, 20In, 250n, 276n, 304n, 315, 322n, 332n Hesiod (author) 103, 147,156, 181, 183, 202-03, 210, 224, 253, 294, 322 hiera xx, 44, 69, 239 (See also ancient festivals/Dionysian; Eleusinian Mysteries) hieron (ancient) 115 hieron (modern sanctuary) 173 hierophant 212 (See also Eleusinian Mysteries) Meros gamos xx 32, 39, 41, 86, 97, 132, 137, 200,215η, 250,257, 259 (See also sacred marriage) Hippolytos (author) 126 history xxi, xxiii, xxv-vi, 42, 49, 117, 164,168,192, 207n,213, 215, 226n, 233, 262-63, 272, 275, 282, 301,304, 314n, 317, 329, 332, 343n, 347, 352-53n, 361-62, 364-65; Greek xxv, 7, 42, 113, 147n, 262-63, 266, 282, 301-03, 318,355, 362-63, 365; Ancient xxvi, 42, 192,215, 245, 263, 362; Modem 113, 192,215,242, 245, 262-63, 269n, 30102, 318;
428 local 363, 301-02 (See also female; male; time) Holst-Warhaft, Gail 60n, 99, 105n, 178n, 19In, 217, 227n, 246n, 290n, 31 In, 330 holy dyad 97, 250 Homer/Homeric xxiv, xxvii, 52η, 63, 83, 86, 92, 98, 103, 117, 129, 131, 138, 144, 147-48, 173, 179, 220, 245, 248η, 283, 309, 325 (See also Iliad՛, Odyssey) Homeric Hymn to Demeter 32, 80 {See also Demeter) homesickness 262, 358 honour and shame xxvi-vii, 50, 60, 93, 110-11, 126-27, 131, 133, 138, 149, 170, 177Ո-80, 187, 189-90, 202, 248, 250, 252, 254, 256, 259, 322 {See also male perspective) horse 27-8, 102, 118, 143,263, 272, 305n hospitality 103 housewife/housewives 15, 17, 103 lambe 215n, 284 icon/icons 2-3, 5, 7, 12, 15-6, 18, 21-2, 27, 60, 64, 96, 109, 145n, 149, 161, 173, 206-07, 209, 213-14, 226-28, 232, 242, 249, 270, 286-87, 300-03, 305-06, 308-09,313, 333-36; auction of 16; holy/sacred 2-3,96,109, 151, 153, 163,207,218, 241, 334; miracle-working/miraculous 2, 5, 158-59, 161,206,213, 305, 334-35, 342 {See also icon of the Annunciation); shelf 96 identity xxii, 6, 30, 53, 67, 118, 122, 126, 189, 245, 250n, 264, 266n, 270, 272, 275, 303, 310, 314-15 {See also Christian; Greek; national; women) Index ideological/ideologically xxvii, 4, 14, 30, 44, 46-7, 58, 60, 64-5, 68, 72, 82, 84, 88, 90, 95, 101, 104-05, 108, 110, 112-13, 118, 126-28, 130-33, 135, 137, 139, 141, 143, 146, 148-49, 153-55, 163, 166, 171-72, 174-78, 181, 192, 197, 199, 207,211,215, 224, 233, 235, 238-39, 241-48, 256, 258-59, 261,271,279η, 281-82, 289, 297, 321, 330, 343, 351-53,355, 358, 360-62; perspective 50-1, 82, 90, 93, 177, 199, 224 {See also
rituals; value) ideologist/ideologue 92, 95, 97, 106, 127-29, 136-37, 170, 174, 187, 200,211,336 ideology/ideologies xxi-ii, xxiv, xxvi-viii, 1, 9, 13, 22, 42, 44, 47-51, 58, 60, 62, 72, 77, 80, 83, 88-95,99, 105, 107-09, 111-12, 116,123, 125, 127, 129-30, 132-35, 137-39, 141, 146-48, 154-55, 157-58, 166, 168-72, 174-76, 178-81, 183, 187, 18991, 193, 195, 197, 199-200, 202-03,211-12,214-15,218, 220-23, 225-26, 233, 235, 239, 242, 245-46, 248, 250, 252, 254, 257, 261-62, 274-77, 280-81, 284,289, 299,312-14,318, 321-22, 327-30, 332, 336-37, 341-43, 345-48, 350-55, 357-62, 364 {See also Christian; male; national; official; religious) Ikarios 123, 133 Iliad 98 Iphigeneia 176n Ilissos 31 ill/illness/illnesses 54-5, 140, 166, 213,220,268, 285Ո-86, 335 Indo-European 283 informant/informants 64n, 158, 189, 193, 195-96,263, 274,
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem 285n, 299,301-06,314, 326, 331,350η, 353-54 initiation 31-2, 38, 49, 68-9, 83, 126, 141, 173, 285, 407 (See also ceremony; festival; ritual) Ionian/Ionians 244-45 Isis 187,223-24,339 Islam/Islamic 14, 115, 187n, 219n, 266, 318, 328-29, 361 (See also Muslim) Isokrates (author) 201, 238 Jacobson-Widding, Anita 93n, 102, 121η, 180η, 201n, 252n, 254n, 341n, 347n John the Baptist 5, 65, 143, 228-29, 342, 406-07, 409 Kabyle/Kabyles 54n, 58n, 90, 177, 256-57, 259, 295, 309, 325-26 Kalligeneia (“Fair Birth”) 34, 36 Kallynteria (“Adorning festival”) 412 (See also Athena; festival) Kalogeros (monk) 10-2, 93, 95-7, 118, 121-23, 142, 146, 214, 248, 299, 301,308,313, 327, 340, 352, 357, 408 (See also carnival; festival) Kanēphoros/Kanēphoroi (basket bearer/bearers) 43, 212 Karakasidou, Anastasia 266n, 275, 314-15Ո Karpathos 15-9,316,360 katharsis (purification) 171-72, 217n, 220 Kekrops 125 Keleus 23 8n Kephallonia 243, 277-79, 344, 405 kesketsi (dish) 26-7, 77, 327 Keuls, Eva 92n, 177n Kēr/Kēres (spirit/spirits) 40-1 (See also death; Fate) kistē/kistai (basket/baskets) 137 klepsigamia (“illicit love”) 38 Koimēsē 12 (See also Panagia) 429 Koimese (village) 12-5, 77,118-19, 268, 275, 299-ՅՕՕո, 308, 31 Ο Ι 1,314, 327, 408 kollyba (a mixture of wheat, nuts, fruit, and honey) 265 kārnos (revelling procession) 42, 122 konaki (house) 12, 21-3, 96, 118, 132,214, 266, 270, 301,309, 313, 327, 345, 349 Korē (daughter, girl) 32, 35-6, 38, 80, 104, 110, 132, 141, 186, 207, 257, 284, 288, 340n, 410- ii; abduction of 38, 104; wedding of 32,
38, 186 (See also Persephone) Kosti (village) 11-2, 23, 125n, 207, 267, 270-71, 304, 311, 316, 322, 349 Kõstilide (person from Kosti) 11, 13, 78, 268, 270-71,310-11, 313, 322 Kronos 188 kteis (shell; woman’s comb and the feminine woof in weaving) 145 Kybele 45, 104, 144, 151,245, 337-38 Kyrillos of Alexandria (author) 108, 348 lament/laments/lamentation/ lamentations 15,44,46,104, 106,108, 138,142-44,154, 156, 158, 178, 190, 195, 230,267, 31 In, 330, 360; men’s 138n, 179-80, 195, 246; singer 218, 246, 261; women’s 15-6, 42, 44, 46, 99, 106, 108, 138, 142, 144, 154-56, 178-80, 185, 190, 195, 201,218, 226Ո-27, 246, 277, 319, 346 (See also burial; moirolo[g]i/ moirolo[g]ia)
430 Lamprē (bright) 15 (See also Easter); Trite (“White Tuesday”/“New Tuesday”) 15 Lawson, John Cuthbert 97, 207n, 331 Lazaros 316 Leach, Edmund 54n-5, 67n-8, 79n, 82-3n, 116, 321n legislation restricting lament 290 {See also funeral) Lenaia 112n, 240, 354, 411 {See also Dionysos; festival) Lesbos 24-7, 70, 116-17, 142-43, 240, 263, 271, 280, 312-13, 339, 348, 356, 360 Lesser Mysteries 31,411 {See also Demeter; festival) lëkythos/lekythoi (high, narrow perfume/oil flask) 71, 136n, 234 libation/libations 27, 91 life and death 116,258,364; relations between 32, 172 {See also cyclical; life cycle) life cycle 32, 38, 46, 65, 67, 76, 84, 89, 254, 359; passage/passages xxiv, 67, 86, 128, 186, 192,213,216, 286, 297, 342, 355; rituals 44,49,61, 182, 192,213 (See also rites de passage) life-giving 117, 151, 165-66, 168, 259 Life-Giving Spring 6, 117, 158, 165, 168Ո-69, 213, 301-02, 354, 408 liknon (winnowing basket) 145-46, 188n liminal time 262, 303 linear time 304 (See also time) Loraux, Nicole 108n, 126, 134, 147, 177η, 182η, 249n, 290n Lucian (author) 34, 38 Lysistrata association of Monokklēsia, the 8 Index Lysistrata (Aristophanes) 66 maenad/maenadism 44, 91, 93, 104, 110-13, 120, 137, 143,206 magic/magical xxvi, 25, 53-6, 60, 84, 88, 90, 116, 124, 151, 157, 172, 174, 177, 188n-89, 202, 213, 217-19, 225-30, 239,24649, 252, 262, 285, 287-88, 292, 303, 335-36; rain 10,33,86, 118,248η, 292; sympathetic 10, 55, 74-5, 122, 127, 142,210,215, 220,363 (See also fertility) magician/magicians 10, 58, 63-4, 219-20, 248-49, 261 Makistou, K. 113n, 115, 117n, 187n, 200n, 213Ո-14, 226n, 339
maintenance 226 male 2, 4, 8, 12, 21, 30, 33, 36, 456, 50, 57, 60, 64, 87-8, 90-2, 94, 99-100, 106-08, 110, 121, 124, 133-35, 141, 146-47, 149, 151, 153-57, 172, 174-75, 177-78, 181-84, 187-89, 191-97, 200-01, 204, 207, 209,214,221,227, 246-54, 256-59, 262, 270, 285n, 290, 295, 353, 409, 412; ideology xxvii, 50, 60, 92, 105, 130, 132-33, 135, 137, 141, 147, 153-54, 157, 179-80, 190, 193, 195, 199-200, 250, 259, 343; perspective xxvii, 90, 131, 157, 178, 188n, 193; sphere 60, 185, 194, 196, 252; value/values/value-system xxi, xxvi, xxviii, 50, 177, 202 male-dominated 41, 192-93 (See also ritual) Mani 60, 178,201 marginal/marginals/margins 3, 84, 155, 272, 308-09Ո, 332n marriage/marriages 10,13,31-2, 36,38,41-2, 45,49,61,67-8, 72, 75-6, 86, 101, 120, 132-35,
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem 137, 183-86, 189,212,215, 235, 258, 325, 335, 346, 363 martyr/martyrs 345 mediator 52, 61, 64, 68, 76, 82-3, 85-6, 116-17, 187, 285, 32In, 328, 341, 362; dead/deceased 15, 23, 30, 40-1, 46, 52, 61-2, 65, 75-6, 83-5, 101, 114, 116-17, 138-39, 154, 158, 161, 174, 179, 195,214-15, 225, 227, 242, 246, 256, 267-68, 272, 277, 279,285, 288, 296,318-21, 328, 340, 346, 350, 357, 359, 362 medieval 49 Mediterranean xxii, xxiv-vii, 10, 47, 50-1, 56, 58, 60, 62, 79, 82, 88, 95, 105, 115, 134, 142, 181η, 183, 187, 190, 193,219η, 223, 226, 246, 251,253, 277, 284, 292, 311η, 316-18, 322-23, 325, 328-30, 341, 352, 358, 360-62, 364 (See also society; sources) Medusa 59, 121-22, 126, 144-45, 354 megara (“rooms”) 35, 345 Melikē 10-3, 77, 96-7, ПО, 125, 214, 248, 266,268, 270, 299301, 308-11, 313, 322-23, 32527, 348, Ш (See also Kalogeros festival) Meltemi (strong northeastern wind) 240, 409 memorial/memorials 298; ceremony/rite/ritual/service 185, 264-65, 277, 328 memory i, 15, 148, 245, 268, 252 men xxvi, 7, 9, 19, 21, 23-4, 30, 33, 38-9, 44, 46-8, 50, 58-60, 62, 69-70,82, 90-5, 99, 101-03, 108, 112, 122-23, 126-28, 13334, 137-38, 141, 146,172,17797,202,219,223, 233, 235, 246-47, 249-50n, 252-54, 256- 431 58, 261,271,308,313,318, 323, 336-37, 345, 348, 353 menstruation 130,252 mentality/mentalities xxvi, 48-51, 57, 62, 70n, 75, 77n, 83, 88-90, 116, 131, 147, 171, 176, 195, 197, 201-03, 226n, 239, 254, 274, 327, 341, 355, 357, 359, 361-62, 365; perspective 51,62, 197,263, 355, 357 Metageitnion (Attic month: AugustSeptember) ix, 410
Metánéira 236 metaphor/metaphors/metaphorically 55, 68, 82, 191,195 Metoikoi (meties) 272 Michaēl-Dede, Maria 93η, 96-7, 114η, 118, 193, 210η, 270η, 308η, 311 Middle East/Middle Eastern xxii, 44, 181 midwife 7-9, 13, 184, 188-89 miracle/miracles 2, 24-5, 185, 228, 268, 303; cure/cures 7 (See also icon); malevolent 144, 175-76, 199 Mithra 337 moirolo[gji/moirolo[g]ia 15 (See also laments) monastery 348 Monastery: ofAgathanos 279n; of Kekhrovouno 305-06; of the Panagia Chrysoleontissa 151 Monokklēsia 7-9, 12, 301, 309, 323, 408 (See also Babo festival) morotton (basket made of bark) 34 mother/mothers 2, 5, 14, 21-2, 30, 38, 69, 100, 118, 133, 137, 141, 144, 148, 155, 178-79, 183, 185-87, 189, 193,198, 202, 232-33, 238, 246, 250, 253, 266, 300-02, 305, 337, 339;
432 grand 270; worship 7, 20, 33, 143, 148, 151, 182-83, 194, 196, 207, 241, 245 Mother: Com/Grain 73, 86, 144, 200; Earth 85, 126, 144, 148, 188n, 200-01, 212, 216, 254 (See also earth); Foster 30, 257 (See also Athena); Goddess/Goddesses 1-2, 35, 45, 86, 120, 128, 139, 142-43, 146, 153-55, 175, 177, 18384, 194, 213, 215, 232, 245, 247, 250-5In, 277, 297, 299, 339, 241, 348, 362; Great (mother of the Gods) 97, 105, 141, 144, 155, 337; of God/of Christ 1, 337, 339 (See also Panagia) mother-daughter-relation 32 motherhood 126, 179, 183, 188, 195, 339 Motte, André 94η, 131η, 134η, 136η, 139η, 146-49η, 156η, 201η, 203Ո-04, 207, 209, 215η, 217-18η, 244η Mounichion (Attic month: AprilМау) ix, 148, 412 moumer/moumers 108 moum/mouming 15, 36, 106, 179, 195, 229, 308, 320; -elad 46 music/musical/musicians 13, 28, 30, 76, 84, 91, 104-05,110-11, 138, 156, 158, 171,286,311, 316, 324 Muslim/Muslims 98, 103, 163, 187n, 264, 312, 318, 321,328 Myrrha 129 mystës/mystai (those about to be initiated into the Mysteries) 31, 69, 80, 272 mystërion/mystëria (secret rite/rituals) 32 Index myth/myths 32, 34, 38, 44, 63, 69, 101-02, 123, 125-31, 134-35Ո, 141, 143, 151, 174-76, 181, 188, 191,211η, 215,226η, 304-06, 352, 363 mythic/mythical 70, 101-02, 105, 125, 134-35, 137, 175, 191,203, 213, 237-39, 246, 250, 263, 279, 303-04, 332, 345 mythology/mythological 44-5, 82, 102, 127, 148, 359 (See also religion) narrative/narratives 7, 80-1, 141, 187n, 201,304, 349 national xxii, 8, 239, 242, 303, 316, 321,351,358; festival 27, 405-09; identity 303; ideology 275,313,329,355; symbol 5, 298 (See also
culture; festival; ideology; religion; ritual) nationalism/nationalist/nationalistic 155, 164, 166, 244, 261-63, 275-77,310,314-15, 353-55, 360 Nēsteia (“Fasting”) 34 New Year ritual 36 North Africa 62, 90-1, 179, 295, 325, 328 Nymphios 132 (See also bridegroom; Christ) Nymph/Nymphs i, 112, 122, 128, 149, 187,281; Water/river 149,281,355; Hill ofthe 166, 339-40Ո, 350 oath 189 obscene 9-10, 33, 38, 104, 122-24, 126, 144 (See also aischrologia) obscenity/obscenities 9, 36, 38-9, 91, 104, 121-22, 127 Odysseus 62, 103, 179,352 Odyssey 147, 179 Oedipus 52, 133
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem offering/offerings 15, 21, 27-8, 33, 35-6, 40-1, 43-4, 46, 53-4, 61-2, 64, 73, 75, 78-86, 131-32, 139, 174, 176, 187, 197-200, 207, 209Ո-10, 212, 215, 227-29, 231, 242, 268, 285n, 292, 295-96, 326, 333-36, 344, 365 offering-cakes 30, 34, 210 official/officially xxii, xxvi-viii, 23, 9,11,13-5,21-2, 26-8, 30, 40, 44, 46-51,57-8, 64-6, 72, 76-7, 88-95, 99, 105, 107-09, 112-14, 121, 125n, 127, 129-30, 132, 135, 138-39, 141, 147-48, 151, 154-55, 166, 169-70, 172, 174-75, 177, 180-83, 186-87n, 190-93, 195, 197, 199, 202-03, 212, 214-15, 217-23, 225, 227, 232, 239, 242-43Ո, 247-48, 25456, 258-59, 261, 274-77, 279n, 281-82, 299, 301,311,313,318, 321, 326, 328, 333-34, 342, 346, 348-50, 353-55, 358-59, 362, 364, 405 (See also male ideology; Orthodox Church/religion; sphere) alkos (household) 101,103,172, 249, 254 (See also domestic) oil (olive) 3, 71, 73, 80-1, 136n, 200, 215, 234, 296, 339, 344, 365; holy/sacred 3 olive 28,200,215,259,292; branches 28, 199; crop 28; Goddess 88; harvest 29, 406, 411; production 292n, 411; tree 28, 87,406,409,411-12; wood 60, 205 olonychtia (all-night-service) 143, 232 (See also wake) Olympia 102, 148 Olympian (Goddesses/Gods) 30, 53, 72, 90, 93, 95, 100, 136, 147-49, 155, 171-72, 174, 176- 433 77, 187, 197-201,223,244, 246-48, 250n, 254, 267, 280 Olympos (village) 15-9, 77,109, 117, 154, 166, 189-90,194, 239, 248-49, 267-68, 271-74, 277, 299, 301, 313,316, 327, 358, 408 Olympos (Mount) 72, 173, 248 oracle 63-4, 66, 106, 123, 155, 175 (See also Delphi) oral xxv, 220, 304; tradition 262, 304
orality 304 Orestes 319-20 Orientalism 97-101, 109, 112, 133n, 135-36, 142, 144, 15657n, 164, 168, 170, 172, 177, 217, 224,318, 320n Orpheus 92 Orphism 110 Orthodox Church 15,20,26,47, 57, 66, 69, 76-7, 82n, 115-16, 158, 160, 163-64, 166, 216-17, 225, 227, 244, 270, 279n, 324, 326, 333, 342-43, 348, 354n-55, 363 (See also authority; Greek; official) Oschophoria festival 199, 410 (See also Dionysos; festival) Osia/Osios (venerable, blessed, saint) 9, 279, 408 (See also AgiatAgios, saint) Osiris 208, 214 ossuary/ossuaries (last resting place where the bones are placed after their exhumation) 268-69 Ovid (author) 129, 135 pagan/pagans/paganism 22, 26, 66, 77, 95-7, 104, 109, 117, 142, 163-64, 166, 169, 174, 218, 222, 226-27, 262, 280, 282, 303, 308, 312, 326, 332-33, 335, 337, 340-41, 343, 345, 347, 349-50 pain 21-2, 178-79, 182, 189,246 (See also women)
434 Pan 94, 122, 124, 203 Panagia (the “All-Holy One”, generally used for the Virgin Mary) 1, 7, 9, 53, 64n-5, 84, 86, 114n, 142-45Ո, 149, 151, 15455, 158, 174-75, 183-84, 188n, 200, 206, 213, 215, 226, 231-32, 245, 250, 276, 285n, 305, 335, 338-39, 342, 347-48, 362, 40509 (See also Mother of God); agricultural year and 256-57, 297, 342; Aphroditissa 139; as commander-in-chief 206; as Life-Giving Spring (Zāodochos Pēge) 165, 281-82, 339, 355; Athiniotissa 149; burial/death oi'JEpitaphios 161, 201, 229, 277, 334, 336, 406; Chrysoleontissa 149, 151; Chrysospêliõtissa (Our Lady of the Golden Cavern) 150, 168n, 206, 302, 339; church/churches/sanctuary/ sanctuaries of 5,150-51, 176, 228-29, 305, 339, 348; feasts of: Annunciation (See festival/day of the Annunciation); Birth of 88, 406; Dormition (Koimēsē or Falling Asleep; i.e., Koimēsis tēs Theotokoul“Falling Asleep” of the Bearer or Mother of God) 1-2, 7, 12, 20, 67, 139, 146, 154, 175, 184, 232,240, 242, 244, 256-57, 269n, 277, 279, 287, 297-98, 303, 305, 336, 342, 405 (See also Dormition Index (festival) of the Mother of God); Mesosporitissa (mesos՝. middle, half; sporos, spora: seed, sowing, “Panagia Half-WayThrough-the-Sowing”; i.e., the “Presentation of the Panagia in the Temple”) 73, 88, 184, 200, 339-40Ո, 365, 407; Ninth Day’s ritual of 168n, 210, 229, 277, 334, 336, 406 (See also Chrysospêliõtissa՝, Enniamera); of Zāodochos Pēgē (the Life-Giving Spring) 165, 168Ո-69, 281-82, 354, 408; Galaktotrophousa (“Breastfeeding”) 338-39; Gastriõtissa 151-53; Gorgona 144, 308; icons of 60, 149, 153, 209, 213, 226, 334-35, 338-39;
house/home of 60, 339; of the Annunciation/the Annunciated 153 (See also church of; icon of); of the Myrtle 348; Soumela (“Panagia of the Refugees”) 276 Panathenaia xxviii, 28-31, 41, 44, 47, 67, 83, 86, 88, 143, 150, 171-72, 197, 204, 207,211,217, 244-45, 256-59, 272, 325-27, 410 (See also Athena) Pandrosion 28, 293 (See also Dew Goddess) panegyris 79 (See also festival) panspermia (“all seeds” or all kinds of grains) 41, 198,200,339 (See also offerings) pannychis (“all-night festival”) 33
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem Papamichael-Koutroubas, Anna 52n-4, 193,316η Parker, Robert 127n-28, 137n, 172Ո-73, 175n, 206n, 220n, 226n, 239n, 245n, 25In Parthenon frieze 29-30 Parthenos (virgin) 206,251 (See also Athena) Patriarch 354 patriarchal 58, 60, 147, 248 Patroklos, funeral games for 138n Paul (apostle) 57, 175n Pausanias (author) 110,148,151, 173, 175, 205, 214, 237-38, 269, 304-7 Pheidias 206 Peisistratos 44, 171, 206, 235, 350, 352,354 Pelasgian 102,125-26 Peloponnese 60, 134, 277, 320 Peloponnesian War 242, 244 (See also Perikles) peplos (dress) 28-30, 133-34n, 235, 256 performance/performances xxvii, 11-3,39, 44, 76,81, 155, 171, 179,195,197, 208, 215-16,229, 244, 299, 301, 363 períbolos (“enclosure”) 146, 197, 235 Perikles ЗО, 137, 164-65, 171,222, 242,314, 352 Persephone 31, 130, 136, 144η, 198, 412 (See also Kore) perspective on sources: anthropological· xxv, 30, 84-9, 201n, 359; dyadic 20; female xxv-vii, 7, 30, 48, 84-9, 90-1, 105, 131, 141-42, 147, 172, 181, 183, 188-92, 250, 253,255-61,336; historical xxii-iii, xxv-vi, 30, 51,57, 84-9, 105, 131, 192, 197, 263, 330, 337n; 435 male xxvi-vii, 46-7, 90, 93, 131, 135, 172, 177-78, 181, 183, 188-92, 253-54, 259, 261, 337n; modem 191-92; Muslim 87n; romantic 270; southeastern European xxv-vin, 48, 125, 142, 164n, 191, 250, 287, 289, 292n, 335; temporal 262; “top-down” vs. “bottom-up” 336; Western xxiv, xxvin, 47, 52n, 190, 292n, 350n (See also comparative; cyclical; fertility; gender; Greek; ideological·, mentality; time) Phaedrus (Plato) 130 Philhellenism/Philhellenist 100, 157,
333 photo/photograph 299 phratry/phratries (“brotherhood”) 345Ո-46, 411 Phrygia/Phiygian 92, 104-05, 125 picture/pictures 15,179,201,331 (See also photo/photograph) pig/pigs/piglet/piglets 34-6, 71, 209-10,212, 245 pilgrim/pilgrims/pilgrimage/ pilgrimages 2, 4-5, 33, 69n, 80, 84, 140-41, 143, 151, 158-60, 166, 209, 213, 217, 226-27, 229, 231-32, 240-41, 243-45, 263, 269, 271, 279n, 285n, 287, 30406, 312-!3, 320, 324,332-35, 340, 342, 350; and gender 2, 4-5, 80-1, 209, 231,285η, 350; and sacred place 2, 5,140-41, 143, 151, 158-60, 166,213, 232, 240, 244, 263, 269, 271,287,312-13, 320, 332, 334-45, 340 pine shoots 35 Pithoigia (“Jar-opening”) 39
436 plant/plants 34, 46, 68, 129-30, 136, 146, 189,210, 224; magical 34,37, 131, 189; symbolism 34,37, 129-31, 136, 155, 186, 189, 252,286 Plato (author) 57, 65, 91-2, 95, 104, 127, 130-31, 135, 163, 172, 202, 219, 222, 224-25, 227, 269, 275, 319, 335, 345, 353,360 Plemochoai (cf. the shape of the vessel used in the ritual) 33 Plutarch (author) 46, 50, 58, 60, 912, 95, 99-10 In, 103-04, 106, 135-36, 142, 148, 156-57, 163, 173, 178-80, 187, 195, 202, 219-26, 229, 238, 253, 335-36, 345, 350, 352-53 Plynteria (“Washing festival”) 60, 412 (See also Athena; festivals) Pnyx 166,247 poetics of womanhood xxvii, 7, 179-80, 182-83, 186, 246 (See also female; women) poem/poems/poetry 156,245,304η polis/poleis (city-state/city-states) 28, 30 35,41-2, 44, 46, 65, 76, 92, 98-100, 102n, 106,108, 110-12, 126, 132-33, 139, 155, 171-72, 197, 204, 215,220, 235, 239, 246-47, 249, 266, 284, 289-90, 301, 320-21, 324, 328, 330, 351-53 political/politically xxviii, 14, 23, 28, 30, 44, 46, 77, 86, 98, 100, 105, 171-72, 181-82,233, 235, 243n, 245, 247, 256, 276, 280, 289,311,318, 321,330, 351, 355, 357-58, 360; ideology 14,166,215,243, 314,318, 321,357,360, 362 pollution 81, 128, 220, 224 polysporia (mixture of all kinds of grains) 10-1,200,339 (See also offering) pomegranate/pomegranates 38; seed/seeds 186 Index Pomeroy, Sarah B. 259, 269n Poseidon 5-6, 117, 144, 151, 176, 256-57, 263n Poseideon (Attic month: DecemberJanuary) ix, 36, 411 Potnia 155 power/powers xxii, 34, 47, 51-8, 60-1, 63-5, 68, 71-2, 74, 76, 81, 85, 94-5, 97-8, 105, 116, 12224, 128, 132, 134, 136, 139, 151, 155,161, 170, 172,
174-75, 177, 183, 189, 191-92, 195, շՕՕո-01, 208, 213, 220, 222, 224η, 232-33, 238, 246-47, 249, 251η, 253η-54, 261,275, 28182, 285, 303,314, 321,323, 331, 334-36, 349, 351, 353, 364; relations xxii, 19, 90 (See also Christ; Panagia; saints; women) prayer/prayers 15,27,42,53-4,61, 69, 78, 82, 114, 116, 118, 151, 199,219, 268-69, 285n, 337, 342, 364 pre-Christian 337, 342-43; cult 225,345, 361; deities/powers 149, 174, 223, 333, 343n, Goddesses 280, 339; period/world 94, 214, 279, 303, 332 Priapos 94, 124, 136, 148 Priene 124 priest/priests 3, 13-5, 17, 26-7, 3940, 63-4, 68-9, 82-3, 109, 114, 116,118, 122, 133, 142, 149, 157, 163, 166, 173, 184, 186, 189, 218-19, 223, 225, 227, 233, 235, 238, 245-46, 248-49, 26869, 308,314, 327,331,333-35, 339, 342, 345-48, 350, 353, 355; frictions between people and 77, 108-09, 114, 116, 142, 163, 166,218-19, 223, 225, 227, 233,248, 308,314,
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem 331,333-35, 347-48,350, 353,355; frictions between women and 155, 225,227, 246,333 priestess/priestesses 33, 38-9, 64, 83, 128, 131, 155,212, 246 Proerosia (“before plowing-time”) 198, 410 (See also Demeter; festival) Prometheus 211 prosphoro (“offering”) 343n (See also blessed bread) psychochartia 268-69 (See also “soul papers”) puberty 67-8,76, 176, 182, 194 public 67,80,84, 112, 130, 171, 179-80, 192-93, 195-96, 225, 25On, 267, 272, 275, 279n, 30809, 326, 349, 351,353; celebration/festival/ritual xxvii, 79, 309 (See also ceremony; festival; performance; ritual; role; space; sphere) purification 13,36,38,44,54-6, 68, 86, 96, 112, 129-31, 171-73, 180n, 199n, 220, 245n, 253, 285-86, 354; ceremonies/festival/rites/rituals of 36, 68, 112, 130,172, 229-30, 359; symbol 44, 355 Pyanepsia 198-99, 410 (See also Apollo; festival) Pyanepsion (Attic month: OctoberNovember) ix, 28, 34, 199, 279, 410-11 Pythagoras 253n rainmaker/rain-making 10, 15, 33, 119 rape 38, 121, 125,211 rebirth 143n, 241-42, 250, 291 Rehm, Rush 80n relic/relics, holy of saints 97, 214, 277-78 437 religion xxi, 49n, 52, 54, 69, 80n, 90, 100, 116, 174, 181-82, 187n, 217-19, 252, 271, 280, 285, 287, ՅՕՅո-04, 321n, 348, 361; Greek xxi, xxiv-xxv, 49, 52-3, 57, 66, 80, 82, 90-1, 95, 155, 164, 174, 181-82, 193, 204,214-15,217-19, 247, 259, 271, 285, 303, 336, 341,343, 346,249-50,359, 361-62; ancient/pre-Christian xxi, xxiv-xxv, 49, 52-3, 58, 66, 69, 80, 82, 90-1, 95, 100, 104η, 115-16, 124, 127, 133, 148, 155, 181, 193,204,214-15,21718, 221,224, 227, 247,
259,271,280, 284-85, 287, 303,331,336, 341, 343, 346, 349-50, 359, 361-62; everyday 215,218; fieldwork and 168, 193-95, 303; folk/popular xxvi-viii, 49, 90-1, 100, 166, 174, 218, 224, 247, 259, 303, 346, 349, 355, 362; lived xxiv, 168,218,303, 349; Orthodox xxvi-viii, 49, 57, 66, 69,90-2, 155, 164, 166, 181-82,218, 227, 303, 341, 349, 355, 362; women’s role in xxvi, 90, 139, 147, 155, 169, 17996,217, 250-54, 259 (See also Catholic/Orthodox Church; Christianity; Islam; Mediterranean) religious festival/festivals xxiv-vii, 1-49, 65, 86, 181, 193-95, 203, 256, 262, 270, 285-86, 359, 362 (See also death; domestic;
438 female; fertility; festival; Greek; rite; women) resurrection 10, 74, 117, 138, 145n, 164n, 197, 337, 363; death and 10,337,363; of Adonis 138; of Christ 13, 15,74, 117, 16566, 168n-69, 218, 277, 327, 337, 408; of Greece 5; of Kalogeros 10, 408; of nature 10, 197, 363 {See also Adonis; Christ; Dionysos/Zagreus; Kalogeros՛, Ä'oré/Persephone; Lazaros; Panagia) revenge 60, 144 Rharian Field, the (Rharion plain) 236 rites de passage/rites of passage/passage rite 30, 44, 678, 72,74,81,83-4, 86,112,114, 120, 176, 183, 185, 192,215, 242, 258,281 rite/rites/ritual/rituals 36, 43, 67-8, 78, 81, 106, 109, 112-14, 118, 122, 129, 137, 139, 141-44, 146-47, 154, 158, 160-61, 163, 166, 168-69, 174n, 177, 182-84, 186, 192, 195, 197,203,209, 211,213,215-18, 220, 224, 226n, 230, 233, 235, 239-40, 242, 256, 261-63, 266-67, 271, 274, 277, 280-84, 291, 295-97, 299-301, 305, 308-09, 312-13, 316-18, 323-25, 332-33, 337-38, 340-42, 347-50, 354-64; apotropaic 40, 55-6, 86, 209; at birth 184, 186,361,363; blessing/blessings 62; carnival/Kalogeros 119, 191, 215-16,301,308,316, 340, 352, 354; circumcision 68. 280, 295; dance 199n; Index domestic/family 277, 361; ecstatic 104, 270; female/girls’/women’s 68, 112, 126-27,132,138-39, 141, 146-47, 149, 157, 170, ISO82, 184, 186, 191-92, 195, 197, 204,212, 224, 227, 246-47, 302; fertility 36, 129, 132, 146, 212, 214-16, 281,292, 361; fire 143,203,211; new 211; food/foods 10, 38, 44, 77, 96-7, 128, 259, 268; healing 112,209,223, 361; initiation 68-9, 141; key 15,31,47,212-13,235, 247, 357; lamentation 138, 143-44, 158, 227, 246, 277; magic/magical 122,
151, 172, 227, 247, 288, 292, 335; meal 138, 198-99, 340; nocturnal 114,139,143; obscene 122, 126-27, 137, 144; of commemoration/memorial 254-65, 277; of death/mouming 138,144, 161, 174n, 184, 186, 192, 210,214, 227,229, 235, 246, 268, 276-77, 301,334, 336, 343n, 361, 363; of transition 67, 112, 132, 139 {See also rites de passage); orgiastic 105-06, 143; Orphic 110; purification 112,130,216,239; rain-making 119,151,248η; religious 131, 142-43, 158, 161, 168, 203,217-18, 225-26Ո, 262-63,270-71,285, 303, 330, 335, 350, 361-62; sacrificial 113-14,116-18,212, 277, 331,333,347, 355;
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem seasonal 69, 138, 146,214-16, 225-26Ո, 295, 299, 355, 361,363; secret 32, 139, 197,204,211, 235; warrior 68; water 281-82,285, 346, 354; wedding/marriage 184, 186, 212, 235,316, 325, 361,363 {See also burial; death; fertility; food; funeral; kollyba; memorial; mourning; performance; public; purification) Robertson, N. 147n, 211 ո-12, 226n, 233n, 279n, 307 role/roles: of men 30, 64, 133, 155, 184, 191,238, 250, 252, 259; of women 30, 33, 44, 64, 95, 139, 179, 184-86, 193-94, 196, 250, 252 (See also gender; men; women) Romaios, C. A. 97, 109n, 113n-14, 118n, 184n, 337, 357 Romania 248n Rome/Roman 35, 47, 80, 106, 114, 148, 171,226η, 251, 337, 341, 347n; Catholic Church 69n; Eastern Empire 166, 332 (See also Byzantine) Romele tradition (related to the Byzantine; i.e., Christian, Eastern Roman Empire) 157, 166, 168, 227, 332 Rural Dionysia 122-23,175,240, 411 {See also Dionysos; festival) Russian xxii, 315n-16, 349n sacred 69-70, 103, 143, 208-09, 215n, 239n, 244, 270, 282, 284, 291, 329, 337, 354, 362; animal sacrifice 115; 439 area/place/space 143, 239n, 244, 282, 291,354; island of Delos 5, 245; island of Tinos 276; land 128; legend/text 32, 362; marriage/wedding 32, 86, 92, 143.212, 250,337; meal 112; objects 69; secret 235; olive tree on Akropolis 28,293; plain 245; ploughings in Attica 238; spring/water 290, 329, 354; symbols 31-2,212,329; truths of Eleusis 215n sacrifice/sacrifices 20-1, 27, 33, 42, 47, 52-5, 62, 65, 71, 75, 78-9, 81-3,93, 111, 113, 115-17, 132, 151, 174, 187, 240, 245, 306, 341,359,411; animal
xxvii, 20-1, 24-8, 34, 39, 43, 54, 62-3, 66,71,83, 85,91, 111, 113-18, 143-44, 198.212, 240, 245,256-57, 329, 331-32, 347-48,35960, 362-63, 412; blood 25, 27, 54n, 79, 82-3, 114-15, 117, 317-18n, 327, 331; human 81-2, 117, 175-76; of cakes/bread dough/grain ΙΟ Ι, 30, 35-6,79 {See also altar; first fruits; grain; offering; panspermia; ritual) sacrificial 63, 77, 82-3, 111,113, 115-16,214, 233,268,286, 326, 331,336, 355; ritual 114, 116-17,347; hearth 43; meal 117,267,327 Said, Edward W. 97-8,101, 168 sainthood 62 saint/saints 9, 12, 15, 21-5, 27, 52n3, 61, 65-6, 75-7, 79-80n, 82-3,
440 85, 97, 108, 112, 114, 117, 140, 149, 153-54, 158, 177, 187, 207-08, 214, 250, 256-57, 26872, 276-79, 296, 307, 312, 323, 326, 328, 336, 342-43Ո, 345, 355-56, 359, 362; as ancestors 61,270,272,309; as mediators (intermediaries) 61,83, 85-6,116-17,187, 285, 32In, 341, 362; children named after 323; cult 277, 345; icon/icons of 2, 12, 15-6, 21-2, 60, 86, 145n, 149, 151, 15354, 207, 209,213-14, 226, 270, 287, 334-36; locality and 25, 66, 76, 117, 140, 154, 158, 208,214, 256-57, 279n, 312, 326, 328, 355-56; making of 9, 269n; miracles provoked by 1-2,27, 207, 279; Panagia pre-eminent among 154-54, 158, 176, 182, 276, 362; patron 12, 53, 77, 79, 149, 256, 277, 326; power of 21, 52n. 97; presence of 21, 108, 112,15354, 207, 277, 279; relation of village with 66, 77, 82, 114, 117, 153-54, 270, 272, 326; relics of 208-09, 214, 277-78 (See also relics); specialist 24, 149, 154, 176-77, 187, 257, 276-77, 279, 307, 336; thanksgiving offering to 21, 285n, 336; vows to 115, 268, 336 (See also Agia/Agios; mediator; Osia/Osios) saint’s day/saints’ days 65, 79; Index celebration of xxvii, 2, 4, 12, 27, 154, 241,268, 211, 340n; feast/festival/festivals 9,21,237, 66, 76-7, 8On, 83, 85, 114, 208,256-57, 268-69n, 271-72, 296, 326, 343n, 362-63; outside the liturgical year 24, 27, 66; within the liturgical year 24 (See also Agia/Agios; feasts; festivals) Sappho (author) 130, 135-36n, 138, 178, 180, 182, 254 Sarakatsani 314-15n satyr/satyrs 93, 122-24, 127, 133 seer 57, 64 Seirios (Dog Star) 45, 412 (See also dog days) Semele 148,216 Seremetakis, C. Nadia 178,190-97, 20In, 203η, 227n, 250n,
330n service 18, 143, 184, 218, 230, 277, 328 Serres xx, 7-8, 12,210,348 sex/sexes 19, 30, 32, 34, 58, 88, 901, 129, 134, 137, 152, 175, 180, 183, 186, 188n, 194, 196, 24950, 252, 254, 256-59, 326; organs 38,85,91, 123,209-10; female 36, 106, 145, 148, 191 sexual/sexually 58, 122, 127-28, 132, 135, 190, 203; intercourse/union 68, 93, 123, 135-36, 144, 212, 258; abstained from 34, 36, 55, 77, 135, 325; symbols 38,210,215,363 sexuality 32, 124, 137, 210, 326; genderand xxvi, 194η sēmadi/sēmadia (large red kerchiefs) 12,96,214,270 Sicily 46, 141-42, 197
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem sick/sickness 3, 5, 21, 96, 109, 16163, 209, 230, 278, 333-34 (See also illness) sign/signs 51, 199,223,321; from nature 52; of the cross 213, 215, 312, 337; supernatural 52 Skira 258,410,412 {See also Athena; Demeter; festival) Skiron 238 Skirophorion (Attic month: JuneJuly) ix, 28, 256, 412 society/societies xxii-iii, xxvi-viii, 3, 18-9, 23, 30, 33-4, 48-53n, 58, 61, 64, 66-70, 72, 74-7, 845, 88, 90, 92-3, 95, 100, 105-07, 113, 116-17, 124, 127-28, 147, 155Ո-57, 164,170, 172-74, 18081, 183,185-86, 189-97, 20103, 214, 220, 222-23, 226, 23233, 239, 242, 246-47, 250n, 252n, 259, 261-64Ո, 272-76, 284, 287-89, 292, 296, 301, 304, 308-09Ո, 319, 326, 328-30, 336, 346, 353, 356-57, 361-62, 36465 Sokrates 100, 191, 202, 222, 238 Solon 99,132, 138, 224, 227, 353 (See also legislation) solstice/solstices 23, 36, 88, 407, 409,411-12 song/songs 8-10, 44, 122, 138, 179n, 280, 291; folk 270, 360 (See also lamentation) soul/souls 268; body and 172; freed temporarily from underworld during Anthesteria 40 (See also spirit/spirits); papers 268-69 (See also psychochartia) Soul Saturday/Soul Saturdays 185, 328, 340 441 sources 33, 94, 100-01, 106, 10809, 129-30, 136, 142, 181n, 226-27, 252,318,329,337, 349-50, 358, 362, 365; ancient xxiv, xxvi, 9, 33, 36, 45-6, 50, 60, 98, 100, 106, 108, 129-30, 135, 137, 139, 142, 163, 170, 178, 189, 191, 195, 197, 202,219, 221,226-27, 252, 254, 25859, 261, 292, 303, 330, 337, 358, 362, 364; archaeological/material/visual 29-31,35,37, 40, 43, 45-6, 59,71,79, 87,92, 107, 111, 121, 124-25, 145, 184, 198,
205,212, 223,229, 234, 236-37, 247, 251,281,283, 288-89, 292Ո-93, 296, 307, 338,363; female-produced 130, 135-36n, 138, 178, 180, 182, 254; living xxiv, 1-27, 349, 355 (See also modem); male-produced 8, 36, 46-7, 50, 92, 135, 138, 178, 189, 191, 197, 253-54, 259; Mediterranean 226, 255, 329, 337, 358, 364; modem xxiv, xxvi, 1-27, 56, 62, 73, 78,81,108, 119-20, 140, 150, 152-53, 159-62, 165, 167, 169, 185, 204, 208, 228, 231-32,241-42, 249, 264-65, 273, 278, 28687, 290, 293-94, 297-98, 300, 302, 306-07, 317, 334, 338, 344, 348-49, 355-56, 365; oral xxv, 17η, 168η, 218, 285η, 299, 327, 304-06; written 33, 46, 50, 92, 99, 15657, 202, 221,223, 247, 254 South Africa 27, 267, 271 space 261-356;
442 cultic/religious/holy/sacred 60, 239n, 266; female 137; dominated by women 193; gendered 227n, 261 (See also sphere) Sparta/Spartan 99n-100, 138n, 320 sphere xxvi-viii, 85, 91, 170, 246, 261,288; chthonic 72, 170; domestic/family 277; family 277; female 60, 85, 137, 147, 18182, 188, 192, 194, 196, 253, 259; birth 185, 188; domestic 277; maternal 69; gendered xxvi, 9, 182, 256; male 60, 137, 185, 194, 259; official/Christian xxvi-viii, 72, 91, 170; official/Olympian 72,170; popular xxvi-viii, 91, 170; public 192 (See also space) spirit/spirits 52-3, 55, 63, 69-71, 123,126,135, 270, 341; ancestors/dead/of death/underworld 40-1, 523 (See also Keres)՛, dangerous/demons 70; Good/guardian 52n, 123; possession 63, 270; vegetation 135 spiritual 52 (See also soul; spirit) spring 70, 165-66, 270, 281-82, 286, 357; sacred/holy 267, 290, 354-55 (See also Life-Giving Spring) spring equinox 88, 340, 408, 411 state 23, 66, 92n, 132, 170-71, 193, 243n, 261-63,271,308,314, 327,331; nation xxviii, 4, 76, 166, 168, 184, 246,261,276,291, Index 297,314,318, 324, 331, 354-55, 361; religion 164, 331 (See also Athens, city-state//»/«; Greek) statue/statues 42-4, 86, 126, 132, 197, 204-07Ո, 209, 213, 224, 226, 251, 305-07Ո, 335, 337, 340n, 412 statuette 205 Stehle Stigers, Eva 178n, 202n, 250-5ІП Strabo (author) 65, 104 suffering 45, 166, 179; in pilgrimage 179 sun 72, 129,315; agricultural cycle and 409 (See also spring equinox); and divinities 53, 258, 337 sunset 13, 41, 70 sweets at festivals, memorials, rituals, life-cycle ceremonies and visits 13, 44 symbol/symbols/symbolic 54-5,61, 64,
66-9, 75, 82-6, 88, 90, 93, 110, 118-19, 122-23, 129-30, 133, 144, 146, 148, 151, 157, 168n, 171, 174, 182, 188n, 197, 203, 206-07, 209-10, 212-17, 219, 222, 228, 236, 250-51, 270, 280, 282, 284, 286, 291, 297-98, 300-01, 303, 306, 321, 325, 329, 335-37, 341-43, 345, 347, 349, 351, 354-55, 362-63 Synoikia (or Synoikesia) 410 (See also Athena; festival) supernatural v, 7, 51-4, 62-4, 66, 70, 72, 75-6, 78, 81, 84, 206, 323 (See also signs) superstition 46, 54, 58, 104, 106n, 109, 142, 157, 174, 177, 21819n, 221-26, 230, 262, 333, 349-50; as opposed to belief 54, 57-8, 109, 174,218, 221-22, 22526n
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem supplication papers/“letters” 268 survivalism/survivalist/survivalists 12,95-7, 109, 118, 151n, 16364, 168-70, 217, 262, 277, 314n, 355, 360 tama/tamata 115, 269 {See also votive gift/offering) Tauros (mountain) 24-7, 115, 118, 207, 209,214, 233,240, 256, 304, 327, 331,333,336, 347, 355-56 Taxiarchës 276 {See also Archangel) temple/temples 5, 28, 30, 36, 38, 40, 43, 80, 87-8, 102, 132, 139, 141, 143, 148, 174, 184, 238, 251,336, 339, 341,345,354, 365, 407 Thargelion (Attic month: May-June) ix, 198, 412 Thargelia festival 197-99,258,412 {See also festival; ritual) Theogony (Hesiod) 147, 253 Theophilos (former bishop of Macedonia) 108-09, 113-14, 118, 348 Theophrastus (author) 65, 224 Theseus 148, 199, 215, 279, 31920,410 Thesmophoria festival xxviii, 9, 336, 88,91, 127-30, 133, 135, 141, 198, 209,212,217, 247, 257, 325, 345,411 {See also Demeter; festival) Thesmophoriazusae (Aristophanes) 128 Thesmophorion 34 Thesmophoros (“Bringer of Law”) 36 thesmos/thesmoi 34 thiasos/thiasoi (“followers”) 42, 46, 206 Thrace/Thracian 7, 9, 11-3, 23, 78, 92, 104, 106, 110, 120, 125, 127, 143,214,219, 237-38, 261, 443 264-65, 270-71,295,309-11, 314,316,318, 323-25, 357 three/third 10, 34-5, 39-41, 68-71, 78, 96, 130, 161-63, 166, 173, 185, 206,213,238, 253, 269, 340, 348 Thukydides (author) 41, 142, 165, 202, 242, 320, 325 {See also Peloponnesian War; Perikles) thyrsos/thyrsoi (a staff of giant fennel covered with ivy vines and leaves) 92, 110, 137, 215 time xxii, 39, 68, 70, 98n, 161-63, 185, 192, 261, 329, 335, 358;
conceptions/perceptions of 70, 87, 157, 182, 262-63,294, 302-05; cycles of sacred year 61, 70; Eurocentric imposed by outside forces 262-63; of agricultural and liturgical year 8-10,29,33,36,38, 66, 73-5, 127, 141, 151, 174, 184-85, 198,200, 225, 256, 258, 277, 279, 294-95, 335, 342, 405-08,410-12 {See also cyclic; Eurocentric; linear) Tinos xx, 1-7, 27, 47, 54, 60, 64, 67, 69n, 80-1,84, 117n, 126n, 139-41, 143, 145Ո-46, 149-51, 153, 158-62, 168, 174n, 179, 184n, 189, 194, 203-04, 206-08, 210,213,217-19, 226-32, 23941, 244-46, 257, 263, 268-69, 271, 274, 276, 279, 282, 285n87, 292, 298, 300, 303-06, 311, 321, 324, 327, 329, 333-36, 338, 342-43Ո, 349-50, 354, 405-06, 408 tomb/tombs 15-7, 143n, 179, 185, 213-14, 237, 246, 267, 279, 286, 312,319,321,346 {See aho Christ)
444 tragedy/tragedies 42, 44, 69, 77, 92-3, ПО, 130, 141, 156, 17172,216, 246, 248,351,363 “trinity” of cereals, vines and olives basis of subsistence agriculture in Mediterranean region 200, 259, 292, 295; general offering from pilgrims on Tinos 81, 343Ո-44; offering during ancient and modern festivals 7, 62, 73, 210, 268, 339, 343Ո-44, 365; ritual food for the Kalogeros 10-1,268 Triptolemos 79-80, 238-39 Turk/Turks/Turkey/Turkish 1, 7, 12, 15, 25, 27, 86, 100, 114-15, 119, 140, 157-58, 187n, 206-07, 223, 241, 243, 263-66, 271, 277, 299, 303, 310-14, 316, 319, 324, 336, 339-40Ո, 343, 345, 360 underworld 32, 40-1, 90, 117, 130, 148, 174, 285, 359; divine/divinities/powers of 32, 34, 41, 90, 122, 174, 250, 285, 359; entrance to 41 (See also Hades) value/values/value system xxi, xxv, xxviii, 19, 49-51, 54, 67n, 76, 85, 89, 95, 100, 130, 136,147, 158, 163, 171, 176, 181, 183, 192-93, 196-97, 202, 209-10, 214-15, 226, 230, 233, 239, 247, 254, 259, 262, 272-74,318, 321-22, 328, 330, 342, 345, 359, 364; female xxi, xxvi, xxviii, 47, 177, 180, 182, 253; gendered 233, 254; male xxi, xxvi, xxviii, 47, 50, 177, 179, 182, 202, 322; people’s/popular xxviii, 49-51, 89, 95, 146, 166, 222, 230, Index 233,275, 328-30, 349,35153, 357-59; social 51, 88, 181, 202-03, 222, 274,318, 329, 346,351 vase/vases 112, 146, 195; painting 37,92, 112, 133, 135, 138, 147,216, 223, 286 (See also Lenaia; lëkythos; sources) vendetta (culture) 75 (See also blood feud; culture) Vemant, Jean-Pierre 52n-3, 113n, 122n, 131, 138, 144n, 172n, 20ІП, 217, 258n, 321n Veyne, Paul 64, 104n, 157n, 171n72, 201, 222, 226,
320n, 336n, 343n, 350-51 Vico, Giovanni Battista 201 vision/visions xxii, 64, 131,20607, 232, 269η, 305-06n (See also Agia Pelagia; dream) votive gifts/offerings 27, 35, 79, 84, 131, 151, 158, 160, 202n, 210, 213, 227-28, 242, 245, 268-69, 281, 283, 285n, 334 (See also tama/tamata) vow (made to saint) 115 wake 350 (See also olonychtia) Walcot, Peter 98n, 181n, 202n, 329n wash/washing 7, 55, 144, 156, 185, 246, 412 (See also Plynteria) water 37, 45, 52n, 87, 142, 156, 158, 168, 203, 236, 248n, 252, 270, 321,357-58, 408,412; and baptism 184; and death 46, 203-04, 341, 343n; and fertility 3, 6, 130, 139, 151, 165-66, 168-69,203,213, 301-02, 343n, 354; and marriage 45; blessing of the 285, 407;
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem deity/divine/Goddess/nymph 53n, 142, 149, 151, 168, 203, 280-82, 354-55; healing 3,6,9, 139, 151, 158, 203, 282, 285, 355; holy/sacred 3, 6, 9, 20, 84, 139, 158, 165-66, 203, 213, 270, 280-82, 286, 301-02, 321n, 342-43, 346, 349, 354-55, 357 (See also agíasma); immersion in 46, 203-04, 285; used for purification 7, 285-86, 355 weaving/weavings 28,30, 111, 145, 235 wedding 31, 38, 68, 102, 130, 200, 215,247, 282, 325,355, 361; and lament 45-6; as conflict settling xxvi, 13, 75, 325; clothes/costume 214; crowns/wreaths 44; customs 316n; dance 13; dress 30-1; meal 316; mock 12-5, 93, 299, 325, 408; po!e 215,217,316; procession 14; ritual 316; sacred 39-40, 92, 143, 250, 337 (See also Meros gamos); symbol/symbols 214,282; women and 38, 44 wheat/grain 10-1, 30, 39-41, 63, 78-9, 145, 199-200,210, 236, 238, 259, 265, 292, 315n, 339, 405, 407; agricultural cycle/year of 8, 32, 35, 38-9, 46, 73-4, 88, 186, 200, 240, 256, 258, 288, 407; dead period during 38-9, 74, 186; 445 Demeter and 8,33,35-6, 73,79, 144, 186, 19798, 200, 236, 240, 247; Earthand 10-1,144; festivals to ensure the fertility/harvest of 8, 32-3, 38-9, 73-4, 79, 88, 127, 184, 198, 200, 236, 238, 240, 279, 339-40; invoking buried 86; harvestof 44,74, 87, 130, 145, 198, 200, 240, 256, 258, 294-95, 340, 405, 409-10,412; festival after/around 23, 27, 44, 46, 74, 87, 214, 240, 256, 340, 405, 409-10, 412; Korē and 32, 284; Panagia and 73, 88, 200, 339-40n; sowing of 10-1, 32-4, 36, 68, 70n, 72-3, 76, 86, 88, 127, 184, 198, 200, 240, 256, 259, 279, 339, 405-07,410-11;
symbolic 10-1 (See also polysporia); sprouting/growth of 32, 389, 74, 86, 88, 136, 225, 240, 340; as image of death, life and resurrection 74, 138, 277, 363, 408; boiled 339 (See also kollyba); correspondence between Adonis and 44,46, 129, 131, 135, 138, 200, 207,257-58, 359; Korē and 32, 36, 80, 186, 288-89; Persephone and 32, 130, 198; for dead 40-1,265, 340; for deities 30, 34-6, 38, 63, 79, 199-200, 210, 236 (See also aparchai);
446 for Kalogeros 10-1; for Orthodox liturgies 62, 73, 80-1,200,210, 274, 339-40, 343-44, 365; for saint’s feasts 62, 73, 200, 339-40, 343-44, 365 (See also polysporia); synonym for Athenians 144 white 50, 74, 100, 128, 156, 327; Friday 117, 165, 169; magic (as opposed to black) 172, 174, 202, 248; Tuesday 15,17,19,77,239, 249, 268, 277; Week 15, 17, 74 wild (undomesticated) 8, 30, 42, 70, 93-4, 102, 111-13, 118, 12123, 131, 134, 171, 177, 239 wine 38, 82, 91, 121, 200, 257, 259, 268, 294, 326; Eucharist 82-3, 339, 344, 365; festival/festivals 40-4, 73, 107, 123, 291, 294-95, 406; carnival 10,13,268; wedding 13; ofDionysos 39-44, 107, 123-24, 257; of Kalogeros (winetasting) 10, 268; of new wine (Anthesteria) 39-41,411; women and 8, 38, 40, 107OS, 200, 257; for weddings 13, 45, 65n; God Dionysos 39,43-4,107; growing activities 39,41,43, 123, 240, 291-92, 294-95, 406, 410; offering from child during Kalogeros 10; offering to Babo 8; offering to Dionysos 39,43; offering to the church 73, 339, 344, 365; procession with 43,175 Winkler, John J. 37, 92n, 135, 148n Index witch/witches 57, 60-1, 75, 94n, 98, 246-48 womb 35-6,112, 136, 151, 182, 187, 200, 207, 210, 219, 252-53 (See also megara) women: and birth 7, 9, 13, 34, 53, 66, 68, 88, 141, 152,179,18189,211-12, 241,245, 247, 337, 406; and death cult 9, 15, 44, 85, 92, 138, 182, 207-08,217, 230, 256, 277, 286, 289-90Ո, 330, 346; and emotion 50,98-9, 104, 178-80; and fertility xxvii, 1, 3, 6-7, 9, 30, 32-6, 38-9, 41, 44-5, 856, 92-3, 102, 120-22, 12631, 134, 136, 139, 143, 146, 148-49, 151, 155, 177, 182, 184, 189,204,
209-10,212, 215-16, 238, 241,247, 253, 256-59, 336, 339-40n; and healing 1-3, 5-6, 9, 47, 801,85, 92, 112, 144, 149, 151,158, 161-62, 182, 184, 241,256,286, 336,339; and lament 15-6,42,44-6,99, 106, 108, 138, 142, 144, 154-56, 178-80, 185, 190, 195,201,217-18, 227, 230, 246, 261, 277, 31 In, 319, 330, 346, 360; and magic 54, 58, 60, 64, 90, 124, 157,177, 189, 202, 210,213,219,225-27, 24649; and religion 66, 90, 95, 124, 133-34, 155, 167-68, 181, 187n, 224, 259, 280, 284, 303, 348-49; as caretaker 2, 185, 187, 258; as dominant power 19, 44, 58, 85, 90, 134, 139, 147n, 151, 155, 176-77, 189-92, 194-
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem 95, 198, 200-01,213, 220, 246,249,251η, 253-54, 331,334,351,353, 364; as pilgrims 2-7,80-1, 14In, 159, 209,213, 227, 229, 231, 241, 262-63, 285n, 287, 305-06, 333-35, 342, 350; as preserver of tradition 15-9, 36,41,49, 60,64, 166-68, 180-81, 189, 207, 227, 246, 273-74, 300-01, 304, 308, 320, 330, 346, 354-55, 360; as pure/impure 93, 128, 144, 185, 230, 248; as symbols of earth 10-1, 35-6, 39, 85-6, 93, 122, 125-26, 134, 136, 144, 148, 183, 200-01,203,211-12,216, 247, 250, 252-54, 259, 318n, 349; as symbols of fertility xxvii, 1, 7, 9-10, 13, 30, 32-6, 38-9, 41,44, 85-6, 88, 92-3, 102, 120-22, 124, 126-30, 134, 136, 139, 143, 146, 148-49, 151, 155, 189,200-01,204, 212, 238-39, 241,247,25354, 256-59, 288, 339-40n, 350; as symbols of mourning 15-6, 36, 46, 106, 108, 179, 195, 229, 289; as symbols of womb 35-6, 856, 136, 151-52, 182, 187, 200, 207,210, 252-53; as teacher 191; cults of xxvi, 3-6, 8, 15-7, 29, 37-8, 40, 44-6, 71, 73, 79, 81,85-7, 108, 111, 124, 126-27, 131, 137, 140, 14243, 145, 148-49, 151-52, 158-59, 161-62, 165, 169, 180-81, 194, 198, 208,212, 217, 220, 222-24, 228-30, 232, 236, 245, 279, 283, 447 286, 288-89, 330, 341, 359, 362, 365; danger of 71, 177, 246, 252; dominated rituals 30,41,44, 106, 186, 193; experience of 180, 183, 193, 202,217; festival xxviii, 7-9, 33-9, 44-7, 59, 66, 71, 74, 88, 91, 12730, 132-33, 135, 137, 141, 147, 180, 198, 209,212, 217, 238, 247, 252, 257-59, 272, 299n, 301,313,317, 323, 325, 345, 352-53, 408, 411-12; honour of 28, 30, 41, 44, 60, 149, 177,235, 239, 325, 350, 406; in
Greece 107, 125, 127-39, 145-47, 149, 153-54, 157, 163, 169-70, 178-80, 18286, 189-90, 192-96, 232, 290n; male opinion of 92, 227; monastery 151, 305-06, 348; mute/muted 180,196,246; muted group theory 180n, 246; nature of 90,92, 107, 121, 155, 172, 177,200-01,253; performing rituals xxvii, 2-6, 89, 15-6, 29-30, 34, 36, 40-1, 44, 46, 85, 99, 108-09, 124, 127, 131, 138-39, 141, 149, 155, 163, 170, 179-80, 186, 194-95, 208,219, 229-30, 246-47, 281,285-86,30102, 306, 308, 333-34, 346; position of 128, 155, 180, 18384, 190, 248; power of/powerful 19, 58, 60, 90, 183, 189-92,195,220, 246, 249,251η, 364; powerful dead 1, 64, 208, 269n, 276, 279, 303, 305;
448 prominence in the rituals of mourning 15-6,46,178-79, 195, 229, 289; social identity among 30; spheres and roles of xxvi-viii, 9, 30,60, 137, 173, 182-84, 194, 250, 252, 259, 261, 313; suffer/suffering 45, 179; work of 7, 12, 28, 186, 192, 234, 254-55, 257, 271 (See also Anastenarisses; death; emotion; female; fertility; healing; lament; mourners; perspective; sexuality; value; wine) world/worlds xxii-iii, xxv, 9,18, 39, 49, 61, 69, 74-5, 122, 134, 173, 185, 193, 203, 209, 252, 263, 274, 280,286,318, 324n, 330, 358, 361, 364, 366; ancient/pre-Christian xxiii, xxvi, 47, 54η, 92, 94, 156, 214, 248, 256,319, 332; Greek xxviii, 131; chthonic 90; civilised/local/official/public/ social 2,70,72, 185,227; Greek xxiii, 196, 273; human/Gods 64, 82-4; Mediterranean xxvi, 47, 58, 82, 219η; Muslim 103; natural 74,203; next 185; non-western xxv-vi, 263, 366; of men/male 2, 4, 90, 227; of women 2, 4, 183, 227; Olympian as opposed to Chthonic 90; religious 2, 49, 94, 227; this (as opposed to supematural/subterranean) 64, 84-5; Index Western xxiii, 100, 196, 263, 366 {See also space; sphere; underworld; women) worldview/worldviews xxvii, 56-7, 74, 82-3, 88, 116, 158,219, 263, 304n, 318,330 worship 7, 20, 33, 42, 44, 49, 52-3, 58, 83, 91, 96, 106, 108, 142-43, 148-49, 151, 154-56, 161, 168, 175-76, 182-83, 194, 196, 207OS, 216, 221, 224-27, 229, 232, 235-36,241, 245, 269-70, 276, 285, 312, 316, 339, 241-42, 348, 353 wreath/wreaths/crowns 34, 44, 77, 175, 188n, 242, 303n (See also festival; funeral; marriage; wedding) xene/xenos/xenoi (stranger/strangers or foreigners) as opposed to
dikos/dikoi (our own) 101, 103n, 168,173,310, 321-22, 324 xenophobia 101 year: agricultural 8-10,29,32,36, 38-9, 65-6, 70, 72-3, 75, 848, 95, 97, 184, 198, 207, 209,214,216,240, 248, 253, 256-57, 259, 341-42, 346,359,406-07,411; ancient Athenian 28, 46, 88, 207, 256, 258; ecclesiastic/Orthodox liturgical and agricultural 65, 70, 72, 88, 161,184,214η, 239-40, 244, 256, 265, 267, 297, 308, 340, 342, 405; female/male part of 86-7,25657,259,277,411; poles of 65, 70, 72, 86, 257; ritual/religious/sacred and agricultural 8-10, 20, 24, 29,32,34,36,38-41,43,
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modem 46,65, 70, 73,81, 110, 127, 130, 148, 174, 207, 240, 245, 256, 258, 267, 277, 279, 305 (See also agriculture; calendar) Zagreus 117, 214 (See also Dionysos) Zeitlin, Fromą I. 91, 206n, 252 Zeus 35, 53, 93-4, 102-03, 106, 117,133-34, 137, 141, 144, 449 148-49, 151, 155, 186-88, 200, 212, 249, 258; Chthonios (of the Lower World) 176n; Phratrios 411; Polieus (of the City) 256, 412; Sky, of the 176,256; Wernas (of hospitality) 103 Zāodochos Pëgë 6, 158, 165 (See also Life-Giving Spring) Bayerisch· ^ Staatsbibliothek | Müncher |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Håland, Evy Johanne 1957- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1028304730 |
| author_facet | Håland, Evy Johanne 1957- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Håland, Evy Johanne 1957- |
| author_variant | e j h ej ejh |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045902518 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1104928030 (DE-599)BVBBV045902518 |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Griechenland |
| id | DE-604.BV045902518 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-31T00:51:09Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781527526129 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-031285292 |
| oclc_num | 1104928030 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | xxviii, 449 Seiten Illustrationen |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20190617 gbd_4_1907 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Cambridge Scholars Publishing |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Håland, Evy Johanne 1957- Verfasser (DE-588)1028304730 aut Konkurrerende ideologier i gresk religion før og nå Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern by Evy Johanne Håland Newcastle upon Tyne Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2019 xxviii, 449 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier By using both modern and ancient sources, this volume explores the relationship between official religion and popular belief in Greece, as illustrated by the relations between competing ideologies, or the relationship between ideology and mentality. It shows that the communicative aspect of the religious festival is central, and allows the reader to get to know other sides of Greece than the picture that today dominates the news resulting from the economic crisis with which the county has struggled for several years Translated from Norwegian by the author Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Volksfrömmigkeit (DE-588)4121880-2 gnd rswk-swf Griechen (DE-588)4022046-1 gnd rswk-swf Religiosität (DE-588)4049428-7 gnd rswk-swf Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 gnd rswk-swf Religiöses Fest (DE-588)4121583-7 gnd rswk-swf Volksglaube (DE-588)4063834-0 gnd rswk-swf Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 gnd rswk-swf Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 gnd rswk-swf Greece / Civilization Greece / Civilization / To 146 B.C. Civilization Greece To 146 B.C. Rezeption & Wirkungsgeschichte (DE-2581)TH000005250 gbd Griechische Kulturgeschichte, allgemein (DE-2581)TH000005830 gbd Religion der Griechen (DE-2581)TH000006500 gbd Griechenland (DE-588)4022047-3 g Religiöses Fest (DE-588)4121583-7 s Volksglaube (DE-588)4063834-0 s Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 s Geschichte z DE-604 Griechen (DE-588)4022046-1 s Religiosität (DE-588)4049428-7 s Volksfrömmigkeit (DE-588)4121880-2 s 1\p DE-604 Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 s 2\p DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031285292&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031285292&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031285292&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Håland, Evy Johanne 1957- Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern Volksfrömmigkeit (DE-588)4121880-2 gnd Griechen (DE-588)4022046-1 gnd Religiosität (DE-588)4049428-7 gnd Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 gnd Religiöses Fest (DE-588)4121583-7 gnd Volksglaube (DE-588)4063834-0 gnd Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4121880-2 (DE-588)4022046-1 (DE-588)4049428-7 (DE-588)4026486-5 (DE-588)4121583-7 (DE-588)4063834-0 (DE-588)4049396-9 (DE-588)4022047-3 |
| title | Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern |
| title_alt | Konkurrerende ideologier i gresk religion før og nå |
| title_auth | Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern |
| title_exact_search | Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern |
| title_full | Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern by Evy Johanne Håland |
| title_fullStr | Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern by Evy Johanne Håland |
| title_full_unstemmed | Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern by Evy Johanne Håland |
| title_short | Competing ideologies in Greek culture, ancient and modern |
| title_sort | competing ideologies in greek culture ancient and modern |
| topic | Volksfrömmigkeit (DE-588)4121880-2 gnd Griechen (DE-588)4022046-1 gnd Religiosität (DE-588)4049428-7 gnd Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 gnd Religiöses Fest (DE-588)4121583-7 gnd Volksglaube (DE-588)4063834-0 gnd Religion (DE-588)4049396-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Volksfrömmigkeit Griechen Religiosität Ideologie Religiöses Fest Volksglaube Religion Griechenland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031285292&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031285292&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031285292&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT halandevyjohanne konkurrerendeideologierigreskreligionførogna AT halandevyjohanne competingideologiesingreekcultureancientandmodern |