Defying Hitler: the Germans who resisted Nazi rule
"An enthralling work of popular history that vividly resurrects the web of everyday Germans who resisted Nazi rule"...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Caliber, an imprint of Penguin Random House
[2019]
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | "An enthralling work of popular history that vividly resurrects the web of everyday Germans who resisted Nazi rule"... |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references |
| Beschreibung: | xvi, 542 Seiten, 16 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen, Porträts |
| ISBN: | 9780451489043 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Thomas, Gordon |d 1933-2017 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)174113773 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Defying Hitler |b the Germans who resisted Nazi rule |c Gordon Thomas and Greg Lewis |
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b Caliber, an imprint of Penguin Random House |c [2019] | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2019 | |
| 300 | |a xvi, 542 Seiten, 16 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln |b Illustrationen, Porträts | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references | ||
| 520 | |a "An enthralling work of popular history that vividly resurrects the web of everyday Germans who resisted Nazi rule"... | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Anti-Nazi movement |z Germany | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Nationalsozialismus |0 (DE-588)4041316-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Widerstand |0 (DE-588)4079262-6 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Germany |x Politics and government |y 1933-1945 | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Deutschland |0 (DE-588)4011882-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Deutschland |0 (DE-588)4011882-4 |D g |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Lewis, Greg |d 1968- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1187686727 |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804180049720508416 |
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| adam_text | INDEX Abwehr Canaris, leadership, 72, 222, 377 Canaris, removal, 393-394 coup planning/attempts, 90-91,109,125, 131-143. 204, 370-376, 448 deception operations, 175 documenting Nazi crimes, 165-166,200 Fuchsbau location and operations, 71-72 Gestapo relations/investigation, 222-223, 358.379-382,388-390, 403, 442-452 Hans Oster role in, xii, 3,72,109,382-383 illegal currency and blackmarket operations, 218-222 Jewish refugee operations, 207-208 negotiations with the Allies, 376,387 relations with Himmler, 377-378,385 relations with Italy and the Vatican, 126-127,167 relations with Norway, 205-207 Achter (Gestapo agent), 334 Adam, Arthur, 423,426 African Americans, civil rights movement, 110 Aicher, Otto (aka Otl Aicher), 185-186,317,330, 338-339, 479 Allied Forces. See also Britain; France bombing of Berlin, 455 communications from the resistance, 167, 201, 205-207, 212, 358-361 communications through the Vatican, 376, 387, 464 demand for unconditional surrender, 215-216, 375 failure to defend Poland, 123 fighting in Germany, 459 fighting in North Africa, 310-311,317 fighting in the Balkans, 399 informed of Holocaust killings, 273-277 invasion of Europe/D-Day landings, 360-361, 397,399-400, 414-415, 418, 519m, 521Ո3 landing at Anzio, 394 landing in Sicily, 389 liberation of concentration camps, 467, 471, 485 peace negotiations, 391-394, 404, 414-415 success at Saint LÔ and Caen, 421 WWI war reparations, 16 Almansor (play, Heine), 502Ո12 Alt, Karl, 348 Alt, Rudi, 316 Alt Moabit (Berlin prison), 286, 501, 520Ո13 Amé, Cesare, 390-391 American Women’s Club, 29, 31-32,100 Anglo-
German Fellowship, 79 Ansback, Herbert, 48, 50, 54-55,108 Anschluss, 1, 69, 75-76, 80-82, 247. See also Austria; Munich Agreement anti-Nazi opposition/resistance. See also Baum group; Harnack group; Kreisau Circle; White Rose about the presence, 2-5,18-19, 42, 61-62, 411 about the spirit and cost, 473-475, 487-488 Communists as element in, 47 coup, planning/attempts, 21, 34-36, 76-79, 82-89, 95-97,109,117,125,131,143, 202-204, 212-216,358,361,369-375,380, 404-441, 451-454, 508П10 coup, post-Hitler planning, 216-217, 4i9 coup, Sonderkommissin 20 Juli, 442-445 coup, uncovering/executing the conspirators, 445-466 fake Gestapo raid, 237-239, 24i, 280-281 fear and suspicion toward, 315-318 formation of the Kreisau Circle, 203-204 forming a coalition, 327-328, 417-418 identification of conspirators, 445-454
528 Index anti-Nazi opposition/resistance (cont.) involvement of the military, 404-405 labor role in, 62,74 linkage to the Vatican, 138-140, 381 OSS contacts, 357-361 presence within the Nazi Party, 101,188-189 student leaflets, 48-51,54,62,151-153,162, 177-178,183,197-198, 237. 240-243. 249-253, 275, 280,301,303,365, 515Ո19, 519Ո18 student White Rose movement, 306-334, ՅՅ7-346, 353-356, 475,478 survival stories, 475-487 T4 euthanasia program, 182-185 uncovering the Rote Kapelle, 224-235 Venlo incident, 136-138,359,392,458 working from the “inside,” 160,165,188-189, 193, 480-482 “Young Conservatives,” 34-35 anti-Semitism, 40, 47, 51-53, 64,106,109,120, 236,364 Arndt, Rudi, 524Ո29 Arnold, Friedrich, 200, 207 Arnould, Rita, 226-227 ARPLAN (Arbeitsgemeinschaft zum Studium der sowjetischen Planwirtschaft), xv, 18-20, 29, 60, 67,144 “Aryan Culture,” 333 Aryan race/blood/purity anti-Semitism and, 16,364 concept of Lebensborn, 319 humorous definition, 55 identification as Nazi elite, 22,146,165 Jews trying to “pass” as, 195 Mischling (half-Jew) and, 191, 284, 288 segregation from non-Aryans, 306 assassination plots. See also Operation Valkyrie about plots against Hitler, 3,313 arrests and execution of Jews, 284-285 bomb plots, 65, 214, 239-242, 279-280, 411, 417-425 Breitenbuch and the Berghof attempt, 412-413 Communist plans, 25 Elser attack on Hitler, 133-137 Gersdorff and the Zeughas attempt, 372-379, 405-406,486 Gestapo arrest of conspirators, 485-488 murder of Austrian chancellor Dollfuss, 160 Oster plans against Hitler, 74, 90,131-133 Stauffenberg role, 407-411,416-4։7
targeting Nazi leadership, 138, 405 Tresckow planning, 214-216,370-376,404-412 White Rose resistance, 253 atomic weapons, 515Ո14 Attenberger, Lisa, 54,196 Auschwitz (concentration camp), 194, 265, 267,278, 284,304,353, 479,481-482 Austria, 35,102,132,139,149,160,360,417See also Anschlus Васһ-Zelewski, Erich von dem, 209-210,212 Bahnmüller, Debra, 280 Balz, Alexandra, 278 Bancroft, Mary, 359, 389,519Ո6 Barbarossa, Frederick, 44 Barth, Karl, 201 Bästlein, Bernhard, 419 Battle of France, 368 Bauer, Helmut, 316 Bauhaus movement, 56 Baum group (resistance group) about the importance, 482,487,524Ո29 beginning anti-Nazi resistance, 46-51, 54֊55, 515Ո13 Gestapo discovery and arrests, 279-286 medical experimentation, 304 membership, xi-xii organization/activities, 194-199,236-239 recruitment of members, 190-194 sabotage of Goebbels art exhibit, 240-245 survivors and memorial to, 482-484 trials and executions, 286-293,304-306 Baum, Herbert beginning anti-Nazi resistance, 5 commitment to resistance, 108-109 Gestapo interrogation, 286-287 recognized as group leader, 114 Bazna. Elyesa (aka Cicero), 398-401, 520Ո5 Beck, Ludwig, xii, 61, 69, 74,77-82,90,125-126, 128-129,131, 212-216, 365, 376,390,393, 404, 407-408,412, 414,417-418,423,429, 433-438,45Z Becker, August, 181 Bekennende Kirche (Confessing Church), 110-111,119,160-163, Z07, 2бз, 276,385, 463,469, 480. See also Reichskirche Belgium, 113,124,141-142,172,213,364,400 Bell, George, 111-112,119, 201-202, 205-207, 464,471, 507mi Belzee (concentration camp), 265-278,470-471, 479, 49z, 51ЗП15, 513П17, 514ՈՈ Benario, Olga, 524Ո29 Beneš,
Edvard, 89,93 Bensch, Elfriede, 162-163 Berger, Heinrich, 424 Berger, Jacob, 280
Index Berggrav, Eivind, 205,355 Beria, Lavrenty, 144-145,157,170 Berkowitz, Irene, 304 Berkowitz, Liane, 233,301-302,304, 512Ո4 Berliner Tageblatt, 23,37 Bernecker, Walter, 279, 516Ո17 Bessonov, Sergei, 18-19, 60, 67, 505Ո16 Best, Sigismund Payne, 136-137, 458, 464, 508Ո5 Birnbaum, Heinz, xi, 47-48,192, 237-239, 241-242, 280-282, 284-285, 292-293 Blomberg, Werner von, 69-70, 211, 451 Bock, Fedor von, 209-213 Boeselager, Georg von, 215,369-371,434,486 Boeselager, Philipp von, 209-210, 215-216,371, 486, 521П11 Böhm-Tettelbach, Hans, 506Ո26 Bollinger, Heinz, 315-316,352-353,516Ո14 Bollinger, Willi, 315-316,321, 354, 516Ո14 Bolshevik-Jewish conspiracy, 56, 240 Bonhoeffer, Arvid, 14 Bonhoeffer, Dietrich, xii, 14 connection to resistance activity, 109-112, 160,374-376 enlistment in Abwehr, 166-167 escape attempt, 449-453 imprisonment and execution, 455-466 investigation and arrest, 3S2-388 memorial service, 471 military service, 115,119-120,474 passing intelligence information, 200-202, 205-208,358 Sonderkommission investigation, 447 speaking out against Hitler, 3-4, 7 Bonhoeffer, Falk, 14 Bonhoeffer, Karl, 84 Bonhoeffer, Klaus, 14-15, 28-29,37,110, 205, 351, 392,435. 450-45։. 455-456.47L 522Ո16 Bonhoeffer, Ursula, 374,382, 450-451, 522Ո16 Bontjes van Beek, Cato, 301-302,304 Bormann, Martin, 86, 341-342, 426,452 Bosch (electrical company), 74-75 Bosch, Robert, 74 Bose, Herbert von, 34-35 Boveri, Margaret, 37-39, 475 Boysen, Marie-Luise, 146 Brandenburg Prison, 108 Brandt, Heinz, 371-372.424 Brandt, Karl, 361 Brauchitsch, Walther von, 77-79. 82-83, 117, 124,212,369, 452 Braun,
Eva, 425 Braune, Paul Gerhard, 181 Brecht, Bertolt, 14,24, 27,153 Bredow, Hannah von, 392 529 Breitenbuch, Eberhard von, 174, 411-412, 440,486 Breiter, Gertrud, 233-234, 299 Britain. See also Allied Forces breaking the German codes, 519Ո20 declaration of war, 121-125,130 fighting in North Africa, 310-311 German bombing campaign, 168-169, 402, 403 German invasion plans, 172, 508Ո20 negotiations with German opposition, 206-207 spying by Cicero, 398-401 Brockdorff, Erika von, 174, 295,298,301 Brothers, Eric, 516Ո17 Brüning, Heinrich, 16, 22,35 Brysac, Shareen Blair, 475 Buchenwald (concentration camp), 27,137,153, 258-260, 278, 457-459, 461-462, 472,485 Buck, Karl, 470 Budzislawski, Herbert, 304-305 Buhle, Walter, 460 Bullitt, William C., 64 Bund Deutscher Mädel (BDM, League of German Girls), xv, 43-44, 53,192 Busch, Ernst, 411-412, 512Ո5 Buschmann, Hugo, 152 Bussche, Axel von dem, 410-411, 486 Cairo Conference of 1943,399 Camp Zeppelin, 449, 451, 454, 460 Canaris, Wilhelm, xii Abwehr, as head of, 72 Abwehr, removal from post, 394 coup, leadership role, 377, 403, 417-418 disagreement with war effort, 121,166 faulty intelligence on Italy, 391,393-394 Gestapo investigation, 220-222,379-383. 387-388,390-391 helping refugees escape, 207-208 imprisonment and execution, 457-466 passing information to the Allies, 389 reaching out to the Allies, 360 reacting to putsch attempt, 433 relationship with Moltke, 204 relationship with Oster, 109,142-143 relationship with Piux XII, 125-127 role in bombing plots, 132-133 Sonderkommission investigation, 446-449, 451-452, 453-454 trial and
execution, 476, 485, 523Ո3 Casablanca Conference of 194Յ, 215՜շ։6 Catholic Church. See Vatican Chadwick, Owen, 508Ո20
530 Index Chamberlain, Neville, 75, 80-81, 85-97,116-118, 122,125,130,137,139 Chełmno (concentration camp), 265 Cherche-Midi military prison, 469 Chiang Kai-shek, 399 Christianity. See also Bekennende Kirche; Reichskirche Chronicle of Shame, 3-4,73,111,165, 204,454 Churchill, Winston, 62, 80-81, 84, 96, 201-202, 206,358, 399,404 Cicero (code name). See Bazna. Elyesa civil rights movement, U.S., 110 Cohn, Marianne, xi, 5, 46-48,190,193, 241, 244, 279, 283,287 Colvin, Ian, 80 Commons, John R., 11-12,15 Compart, Ellen, 191-192, 237,482 concentration camps. See also gas chambers; specific camps by name about nature and intent, 3-4,73, 83,473 beginning the system, 27,107,111 control by Himmler, 71 crematory ovens, 181,188,466 exposing the conditions, 188,196, 276-277, 469-470 Hitler awareness of conditions, 369 implementation of the “final solution,” 262 imprisoning defeatists and “the enemy within,” 2 imprisonment of Communists, 150,152 imprisonment of conspirators, 457-458 imprisonment of Jews, 236,275-276,288 liberation by Allied forces, 467, 471, 485 medical experimentation, 181, 260, 457 operation by Waffen-SS, 158 resistance activities within, 524Ո29 stifling the church and religious life, 111-112, 163-164 stifling the press and cultural life, 32 treatment/murder of prisoners, 121,163, 258-260, 284 U.S. ignorance toward, 90 Confessing Church. See Bekennende Kirche Conwell-Evans, Robert, 78-79,129 Cooper, Duff, 85, 87, 89,94-96 Coppi, Hans (father), 153,174-175,178-179,197, 224-225,231,296, 299-300, 477 Coppi, Hans (son), 477 Coppi, Hilde, 197, 233,302,304,477 courts and
justice system. See People’s Courts; Reichskreigsgericht; Special Courts Crane, Sylvia, 33 Cripps, Sir Stafford, 206 Ciihn, Harry, 238 Czechoslovakia, 69,76-96,105,115-118,121, 149, 212,247, 261,264, 284 Dachau (concentration camp), 27,107,111,458, 467. 485, 524Ո29 Danker, Hans, 524Ո29 Das Kapital (Marx), 64 Das Schwarze Korps (SS newspaper), 385 David (blackmarketeer), 218-222 de Gaulle, Charles, 396 Degesch (German Corporation for Pest Control), 263, 278, 469 Delbrück, Hans, 14 Delbrück, Justus, 14,109, 474 Delbrück, Max, 100-101, 474 Delmer, Sefton, 24-25 Denmark, 129 Der 20. Juli (film), 477 Der Ausweg (resistance pamphlet), 195 Der Gegner (magazine), 145 Der Vortrupp (news sheet), 151 Deuel, Wallace, 204 Dibelius, Otto, 274-275 Dickten, Horst, 261-262, 274, 276-277, 514Ո14 Die Dame (magazine), 38 Die Rote Fahne (newspaper), 23, 25 Die Tat (magazine), 14, 23,38 Diel, Rudolf (“Prince of Darkness”), 32-33,38 Diesinger, Siegfried, 354 Ding, Erwin, 260 Dissei, Werner, 154, 509Ո8 Distler, Hugo, 386 d.j.1.11 (German Boys Club), xv, 55-58,337 Dodd, Martha, xiv, 30-33,37-39. 61-62, 66-67, 505П15 Dodd, Mattie, 30-31 Dodd, William E., xiv, 30-36,42, 59,63-67, 98-100, 231, 505Ո14 Dohnanyi, Christine von, 73,374,382, 447 Dohnanyi, Hans von, xii coup, planning/attempts, 143, 200-208, 212-215,369-370,374-377 creating the Chronicle of Shame, 3, 73,84, 111-112,165-167,204,454. 457 Gestapo interrogation, 384-390 investigation and arrest, 380-382 peace overtures to the Vatican, 126 recognized as Righteous Among the Nations, 479 relationship to Bonhoeffer, 3-4 relationship with
Bonhoeffer, 109 resistance activities, 70,104,138 role in Operation 7, 219-222
Index Sonderkommission investigation, 447, 454 trial and execution, 460-466 Dollfuss, Engelbert, 75,160 Dönitz, Karl, 374 Donner, Otto, roo-101 Donovan, William J„ 203,357-36Г, 400,5Г9П20 Dresden, resistance activities, 524Ո29 Duesterberg, Theodor, 21 Dulles, Allen, xiv, 357-368,389,395-397, 400-402, 417,457, 484-485, 5Г9ПП20-21 Dunkirk, 508Ո20 Ebeling, Berta, 187-Г88 Eden, Anthony, 206, 276 Ehrlich, Ursula, 237, 482 Eichmann, Adolf, 105,261-262,267,470,513Ո9 Eickemeyer, Manfred, 186-187, 249, 253, 314, 320,331-332, 518Ո6 Eickhoff, Herbert, 277 Einsatzgruppen, 166,186, 212, 253, 294,442, 476,522Ո6 Einsiedel, Horst von, 203 Einstein, Albert, 15 Eisenbletter, Charlotte, 524Ո29 Eisenstädter, Alfred, 191,198-199, 280 Elkan, Erich, 198 Elser, Georg, xiii, 133-137,425, 485 Enabling Act of 1933, 26-27 “enemies of the people” (Häftling) Abwehr conspirators as, 457-458 enactment of law, 28 identifying groups as, 209-210,479 treatment/imprisonment/trials, 111-112,163, 281-283, 289-290, 345-347. 353 Engelmann, Bernt, 198 Engelsing, Herbert, 146,155 Engelsing, Ingeborg, 146,155 Erdberg, Alexander (cover name). See Korotkov, Alexander Erlanger, Henry, 145 Eulenberg, Thora, 149,300 Eulenberg und Hertefeld, Philipp zu, 146 euthanasia. See T4 euthanasia program Evans, Derek, 469, 523П14 fake news, 473 Falkenhausen, Alexander von (General), 212-213, 415. 457,467, 485 Fellgiebel, Erich, 417, 421-423, 427, 444 Ferdinand, Louis (Prussian prince), 206 “final solution,” 260-266,479 Fischer, Hermann, 466 Fischer, Samuel, 37 Fish, Georgina, 10-11 531 Fish, William, 10 Fish-Harnack, Mildred, xi.
See also Harnack group death and memorial to, 474-475 early life and education, 10-12 entry into resistance activities, 100 expressing views in the press, 39-42 investigation and imprisonment, 295, 298 marriage and move to Germany, 12-15 passing intelligence information, 102,173, 231-234 resistance activities, 23, 29, 31-32, 36-37, 61-66 study and teaching in Germany, 3,15-20 trial and execution, 301-304 Fliess, Julius, 207 Flossenbürg (concentration camp), 457-467, 471. 485,523Ո3 forced labor/slave labor, 186,190-192, 236, 239, 255, 285, 288, 305, 358,406,425, 484, 515m, 524Ո24 Fraenkel, Edith, 191, 238, 286, 292, 482, 484 France. See also Allied Forces declaration of war, 121-125 German battle for, 368 occupation of Paris, 142-143 Valkyrie putsch activities, 423,433-436, 439.444 Franke, Erika, 279,516Ո17 Franke, Joachim, 197-198, 237, 240, 243-245, 279, 283, 287,290, 516Ո17 Freiherr von und zu Guttenberg, Karl Ludwig, 392-393 Freisler, Roland, 177,345-346,352-353,356, 443-445. 487 Freundlich, Margarete, 238 Freundlich, Rosetta, 237-238 Freyend, Ernst John von, 421-423 Friedenthal, Charlotte, 207 Friedländer, Saul, 481, 514mi Fritsch, Freiherr von, 35, 69-70,72-74,82,211,451 Fromm, Friedrich, 409 Fürstenberg Prison, 446 Furtmeier, Josef, 249,318 Fyfe, Sir David Maxwell, 523Ո14 Galen, Clemens August Graf von, 182-183, 249, 252, 255, 365, 510Ո9 gas chambers, 181, 263-274, 278,458, 469-480, 492,513Ո17, 514Ո8. See also concentration camps Gebei, Else, 337,343-344 Gehre, Ludwig, 370-371, 393, 457-45*, 46։, 465-466
532 Index Gehrts, Erwin, 171-172, 296,301 Geissert, Friedrich, 259 German American Bund, 64, 504Ո8 German Communist Party (Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands), xv, 20-25,36, 46-47, 149, 503Ո24 German Protestant Church. See Bekennende Kirche; Reichskirche German Resistance Memorial Center (Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand), 428,519Ո18 Gersdorff, Rudolf-Christoph von, 211-212, 214-215, 370, 372-375.379-380, 405, 486, 520Ո6,521П11 Gersht, Fried, 524Ո29 Gersht, Yitzchok, 524Ո29 Gerstein, Clara, 159 Gerstein, Fritz, 162 Gerstein, Karl, 159 Gerstein, Kurt, xiii, 4,158-165,187-189, 256-278, 467-471,479-482 Gerstein, Ludwig, 158-159,162,164 Gerstenmaier, Eugen, 216, 434,438, 522Ո9 Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei), xv about the formation and function, 28 arrest of Gestapo officers, 423,429 arrests, torture and executions, 25-26,35, 54, 108,151,154,192, 230-234, 273,300-306, 321-335, 401-402 betrayals leading to arrest, 43,147,275, 283, 287, 299, 419, 471, 487,516Ո17 crackdown on non-Nazi organizations, 57-58,161-166,182-183, 263,314-315 fake agent operations, 237-238,241, 281 Fritsch affair, 70-74 headquarters location, 148 headquarters and prisoner relocation, 455-464, 471 interrogation and execution of conspirators, 464-467 interrogations and trials, 285-293, 296-298, 343-356 investigation and arrest of Abwehr conspirators, 368-389, 447-454 investigation by Sonderkommission 20 Juli, 442-447 investigation of conspiracy, 220-223, 247, 252, 275-276, 294-295,338-343, 390-394, 419 investigation of Rote Kapelle, 234-235,379 investigation of sabotage, 244-245, 279, 284-286 post-war
attitudes toward, 474 resistance survivors, 478,482-488 Sippenhaft (clan arrest), 352, 462,471-472 spy in the Vatican, 139 surveillance and monitoring, 28,61,196, 213, 216,311 as target of sabotage, 315 Valkyrie orders, countering the, 430-441 White Rose investigation, 306-321,476 Geussenhainer, Frederick, 478 ghetto(s) about life within, 193, 308 “clearing” by murder, 210 “evacuation to the east,” 261,284 Warsaw clearing operation, 272 Gide, Charles, 37 Giesler, Paul, 319,325,341-342,355 Gisevius, Hans Bernd, 73, 82-83,94, 97,121, 13։, 143, 213,358-360,379,389-390,396,415, 417,434, 451, 519Ո6 Glaesemer, Wolfgang, 430 Gleichschaltung (control over society), 6,32, 110,161,176 Globočnik, Odilo, 264-265, 270, 278, 515Ո19 glossary of terms/abbreviations, xv-xvi Goebbels, Joseph (the “poison dwarf’) as propaganda minister, 1,5, 21-22,93,116, 184-185 book burnings, 27 control of press and radio, 61,121,124, 168-169 control over art and literature, 39-40,56, 176-177 creating Star of David labelling, 194 dealing with Jewish problem, 105-106, 236, 246 humorous description, 55 leaflet bombings, 49 reaction to Valkyrie plot, 409, 425-426, 429-434 role in Rohm purge, 36 The Soviet Paradise bombing, 240-246, 279-284 target for assassination, 138, 412, 425 “Total War” speech, 335-337 trial and execution of the conspirators, 444-445 Goerdeler, Carl Friedrich, 35,74-76, 81-82, 90, 167,204,206, 213-214,216,376,393,404, 407-408, 412,4i4֊44, 419,423,444,453, 458, 462, 486 Goethe, Johann von, 11,13, 45, 249,302,344 Goring, Hermann, 82,146,195, 363,375, 415 appearance, humorous description, 55
appointed Field Marshal, 70,324 command of Luftwaffe, 41, 69,151
Index dealing with Rote Kapelle scandal, 294-295, 298 implementation of the “final solution,” 260^261 invasion of Poland, 121 invasion of Soviet Union, 172 investigation of the Wolf’s Lair bombing, 425-426 as mentor to Milch, 503Ո23 as mentor to Roeder, 294-295 relationship with Martha Dodd, 32 relationship with Schulze-Boysen, xi, 2,149, 153.170-171, 300 setting the Reichstag fire, 502Ո8 successor to Hitler, 369,373-374 support of war in Spain, 151 target for assassination, 138,405, 412, 422,425 Göritz, Artur, 503Ո24 Gourevitch, Anatoli, 224-226, 234,477 Grabowski, Adolf, 18 Graf, Anneliese, 335,341-342,352, 517Ո22 Graf, Willi, xiii, 248, 250, 253,308,310-311, 314-317.321.325. 328,331. 335.340-342. 352-355. 479 Graf von der Schulenburg, Fritz-Dietlof, 203, 216, 415, 428, 438, 443-444, 522Ո9 Graf von Hardenberg, Carl-Hans, 210-211 Graf von Helldorf, Wolf-Heinrich, 83,416, 434 Gräfin von der Schulenburg, Ehrengard, 408 Grasse, Herbert, 234 Graudenz, John, 171,197, 299 Grawitz, Ernst Robert, 275 Great Depression, 14,17, 21, 47 Greece, 184, 476 Grimme, Adolf, 14 Grimminger, Eugen, 254,313-314, 352-353 Grimminger, Jenny, 313,353 Groscurth, Helmut, 90,109, 451 GRU (Soviet military intelligence), xv, 179 Grynszpan, Herschel, 106 Günther,, 470 Guter, Heinrich, 316,321,352-353 Gypsies, as “enemies of the state,” 209-210, 479 Haas-Heye, Libertas (“Libs”). See SchulzeBoysen, Libertas Habecker, Walter, 234 Habermann, Max, 74, 206 Hácha, Emil, 116 Hackenholt (Heckenholt), Lorenz, 266, 269-270, 470, 514Ո4 Hadamovsky, Eugen, 168-169 Haecker, Theodor, 186-187,473 Haeften, Hans-Bernd von,
443, 522Ո5 533 Haeften, Werner von, 420-423, 427-428, 435, 437-438, 441.443. 445 Hagen, Hans, 431 Haider, Franz, 78, 82-84, 87, 96,117,124,131, 369,452, 457, 462,467, 485, 502Ո8 Halifax (Lord, aka Edward Wood), 75-77, 81, 84-86, 89, 92, 94,128-129,138-139, 203 Hanser, Richard, 516Ո6, 517Ո20 Hapsburg Empire, 75 Harder, Richard, 323 Harnack group (resistance group). See also White Rose arrest and interrogation, 232-235 member recruitment, xi, 37-42, 203 radio operations, 174-175,178,197, 224 recruitment of members, 37-39 survivors and memorial to, 306, 475 trials and executions, 298-307 Harnack, Adolf von, 13-14,15, 70,109 Harnack, Arvid, xi ARPLAN group and doctoral studies, xv, 15-20 courtship and marriage to Mildred, 11-12 discovery/arrest, 228, 231-235 employment in Economics Ministry, 59, 97, 99-100 imprisonment, trial and execution, 295-300, 382,485, 516ՈՈ9-10 observing Hitler 50th birthday celebration, 2-3 observing Hitler becoming chancellor, 22-23 poetry, 501 relationship with Schulze-Boysen, 152, 156-157 resistance activities, 27-29,169 Rote Kapelle connection, 224 spying for Russia, 59-61, 66-68,144-146, 169-179, 475.478, 504m spying for the U.S., 67, 99-104,173-174 White Rose activities, 308-321 Harnack, Clara, 12-13 Harnack, Falk, 12-14, 103, 295 300 311-31Յ. 318,327-328,340,351-354, 473. 476-477, 485, 516Ո9 Harnack, Mildred. See Fish-Harnack, Mildred Harnack, Otto, 11,13 Harnack group recruitment of members, 197 Hartnagel, Fritz, 56,115,122-123,183-184,250, 254-255,324-325.328, 479 Hase, Margarete, 450 Hase, Paul von, 383, 429-434, 449 Hassell, Ulrich von,
61,74-75. i°9,128-129, 212-213,216,383,392,407, 442,457,462,486
534 Index Haubach, Theodor, 25 Haught, John W., 469 Haushofer, Albrecht, vii, 501 Havemann, Wolfgang, 38 Heath, Donald, xiv, 68, 97, 99-104,173-174, 231, 365-366,485 Heath, Donald, Jr., 100-101,173 Heath, Louise, 98,100 Heberle, Antje, 62 Heberle, Franziska, 62,156 Heberle, Rudolf, 62,156 Heilmann, Horst, 228-230,296, 299-300 Heimerdinger, Maria von, 396,400 Heine, Heinrich, 49, 53 Heinz, Friedrich Wilhelm, xii, 90-91, 93, 95, 97.130-132.143. 213-214. 449. 451 Henderson, Sir Neville, 86, 92,120-121,130 Herber, Franz, 436-437 Herrmann, Liselotte, 503Ո24 Herzlieb (Abwehr officer), 220 Heshen, Heinz, 524Ո29 Heusinger, Adolf, 422-423 Heydrich, Reinhard, 70,136-138,165-166,194, 260-261, 264, 284, 286,391 Heymann, Felix, 237, 241, 280-281, 285, 290-292,304-305 Himmler, Heinrich control of concentration camp system, 27.71 creating Lebensborn concept, 319 creation of Gestapo, 28,38 dealing with Jewish problem, 105 implementation of the “final solution,” 260-266 inplementing gas chambers, 269-272 investigation of conspirators, 147,390-392 investigation of Elser bombing, 136 investigation of the Abwher, 385 investigation of the Wolfs Lair bombing, 425-426 reacting to 20 July bomb plot, 436-437, 441-442 relationship with Canaris, 377-378,394 Rohm purge, 34-35,71 role of the Waffen-SS, 158 successor to Hitler, 377 target for elimination, 84,138,369-374,405, 415, 4i7֊4i9. 422 trials and executions, 342,354 Himpel, Helmut, 153,197, 230-231,302 Hindenburg, Paul von, 20-22, 25,34-36 Hinz, Gerhard, 26 Hinz, Leokadia, 274 Hirsch, Alice, 292,482 Hirsch, Hella, 237, 280, 285-286,292-293,484
Hirsch, Helmut, 65 Hirschfeld, Alexander, 18, 60, 67,144,504m Hirzel, Hans, 252,255, 316,321,329-330,338, 352-353 Hirzel, Susanne, 352-353 Hitler, Adolf. See also assassination plots 50th birthday parade, 1-2, 5-7 appointment as chancellor, 20-26 assuming command of armed forces, 36, 70-71. 73 consolidation of power, 34-36 creation of dictatorial powers, 26-27 creation of T4 program, 180-181 defeat at Stalingrad, 335, 375 Goring designated successor, 369,374 interest in Teutonic mythology, 368 isolation from the German people, 369,375 issuing the Commissar Oder, 210 Munich beer hall putsch, 106,134, 246 occupation of Czechoslovakia, 115-116 occupation of the Rhineland, 41-42 occupation of the Sudentenland, 93-97 publication of Mein Kampf, 40-41 push for war, 81-82 survival from bomb blast, 424-425, 432-434. 439 Zeughaus assassination plot, 372-377 Hitler, Alois, 177 Hitler Jugend (HJ, Hitler Youth), xv, 43, 52, 55, 58,161 Hitler Speaks (Rauschning), 257, 513Ո2 Hoepner, Erich, 406,429,435, 437-438,444 Hofacker, Cäsarvon von, 435, 444 Hoffmann, Peter, 521mi Hohenemser, Elisabeth, 149-150 Holocaust about the price of resistance, 486-487 deaths attributed to, 479, 515Ո19 Gerstein’s witness to, 4,158, 256-278, 470, 480-482 T4 program as prelude to, 181-182,510Ո9 Holocaust Denial on Trial (website), 491, 513Ո17, 514Ո8 Holocaust Journey (Gilbert), 492 Holzer, Richard, 237-238, 241, 243, 280-281, 283,288, 291,483, 524Ո24 homosexuality, 36, 58, 70, 295,301,392,479, 504Ո16 Hoss, Rudolf, 267 Huber, Clara, 352, 478 Huber, Kurt, 339,352 Hull, Cordell, 33, 42, 65-66 Hülsenbeck, Richard,
24
Index 535 Huppenkothen, Walter, xiv, 442-443, 446-447, 451-454.460-461,463-466, 476, 523113 Husemann, Walter, 153,177, 234 Jung, Edgar J„ 34-35 Junge Garde Süd-Ost (newspaper), 50,196 Jüngvolk/Jungmädel, 43 Ickrath, Heinz, 218-223, 377.390, 522mi IG Farben (company), 97,100,192, 278, 285,484 Higen, Artur, 237, 279, 304, 516Ո17 Italy, 95,105,127,142,316, 389-394,403 Kaas, Ludwig, 127,139 Kaiser, Jakob, 74 Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, 196, 243, 279, 284 Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church, 328,351 Kaiser Wilhelm Society, 13 Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, 391,394, 442, 452, 460 Karski, Jan, 276 Keitel, 412, 415 Kerstenhan, Kurt, 448-449, 451 key people, listing/identification, xi-xiv Kiep, Otto, 392-393 Kindertransport program, 113-114 Kirkpatrick, Sir Ivone, 92-93 Kiss, Edmund, 161 Kitzelmann, Michael, 516Ո6 Klausing, Friedrich, 428,437 Klein (lawyer), 346 Kleist, Berndt von, 212 Kleist, Ewald von, 411, 428, 430 Kleist-Schmenzin, Ewald von, 80-81, 443, 522Ո5 Klop, Dirk, 136-137 Klopfer, Donald S., 39 Kluge, Günther von, 209-210, 212, 214-215, 369-371, 404,415, 433-436, 439, 443 Knabe, Wolfgang, 286 Knatchbull-Hugessen, Sir Hughe, 396 Knoblauch (Corporal), 450-451 Kobulov, Amiak, 173 Koch (prison doctor), 349 Kocherthaler (Dr.), 362 Köchlin, Alphons, 208 Kochmann, Martin, xi, 46, 48,50, 54,198, 240-241, 280-281, 283, 287-288, 290-291, 304-306, 479 Kochmann, Sala Rosenbaum, xi, 46, 48-49, 54, Jadamowitz, Hilde, 196-197, 243-244,279, 287 Jahn, Marie-Luise, 478 Japan, 66,392, 471, 520Ո13 Jehovah’s Witnesses, identified as “enemy of the state,” 479 Jessen, Jens Peter, 216 Jewish question. See
“final solution” Jews as cause of WWI and German collapse, 2 assaults and Nazi treatment, 33, 76,123 concentration camp killings, 137 creating a state for, 47 defiance/resistance, 47-51, 200, 224, 243-244, 287, 524Ո29 elimination from Berlin, 236, 284-285, 386 elimination in Russia, 294, 406, 410 emigration/escape from Germany, 62,103, 171,198, 207, 219, 276, 299,313,376,381 expropriation actions, 237-238 expulsion from Poland, 105-106 expulsion from professions, 5,153,191, 242 “final solution,” 260-266, 479 as forced labor, 186,190-192, 236,239, 255, 285, 288,305,358, 406, 425, 484, 515m, 524Ո24 going underground, 194-195, 392 identified as “enemies of the people,” 28 Kristallnacht, aftermath of, 105-114 mass roundup/emptying the ghettos, 204, 272,308,414 Mischling (half-Jew), 146,150, 315, 478 murder and exploitation, 128,165-166,176, 186, 209-211, 250,442, 479 persecution and discrimination, 6, 22, 39-40, 53-56,146,193, 240, 246 pre-war German population, 47 Soviet Union treatment, 39 suicide, 193,197 suppression of arts and literature, 74 survival stories, 477-483, 513Ո17 U.S. awareness of conditions, 98-104, 276 wearing the Star of David, 193-194,236, 309 Joachim, Heinz, 190-191,196,198, 240, 279-280, 285, 287 John, Otto, 435 198, 240, 280-281, 283-284, 290 Kodak (factory), 192 Kögl, Max, 458, 464, 523Ո3 Kolbe, Fritz, xiii, 363-368, 395-397,399-403, 484-485,519Ո20 as diplomat and spy, 4-5 Kommunistischer Jugendverband Deutschlands (KJVD, Communist Youth League of Germany), xv, 47. See also German Communist Party Kordt, Erich, 78-79, 85, 94,125,128-132, 138,508П10
Kordt, Theo, 78, 85,128-129 Korotkov, Alexander (aka Alexander Erdberg), xiv, 144-146,156-157,169-175,178,478
536 Index Korten (General), 424 Kortzfleisch, Joachim von, 430 KPD, See German Communist Party Krach um Jolanthe (play/movie), 32 Kraell, Alexander, 389-390 Krantz, Fritz, 256, 258 Krauss, Annie, 171-172 Kreisau Circle, 202-205, 216,222,358, 360,392, 408, 443-444, 465,475, 50m Kretz, Erich, 424 Kristallnacht (Night of the Broken Glass), 105-114,119,126,164,166, 242, 261, 506m Kronbosch, Max, 195 Ku Klux Klan, 15 Kube. Wilhelm, 211 Kucharski, Heinz, 315,478 Küchenmeister, Walter, 150-152 Kuckhoff (Frau). See Lorke, Greta Kuckhoff, Adam, xi, 14-15, 23-24,37-39,103, 146,150,153,156,170-171,176-178,224-225, 228, 233-234, 295,302-304 Kuckhoff, Ule, 174, 231,477 Kuhn, Fritz Julius, 505Ո8 Kunger, Karl, 279, 516Ո17 Lafrenz, Traute, xiii, 247-249, 253,308,311, 314-315. 319-320. 353-354. 479 Lahousen, Erwin, 132-133,137-138,370,390 Landsberg Prison, 518Ո44 Lange, Elisabeth, 478 Latvia, 210 Le Miracle du Professor Wolmar (Téramond), 227 Lebensborn (the Spring of Life), 319 Lebensraum, 69, 77 Leber, Julius, 419 Ledien, Curt, 478 Lehmann, Rudolph, 389-390 Lehrter Strasse Prison, 300,305,384, 438, 447. 456 Leiber, Robert (Fr.), 127,167,390, 508Ո20 Leibniz, Gottfried, 354 Leipelt, Hans, 478 Leipelt, Katharina, 478 Leiser, Clara, 63 Leipzig-Kleinmeusdorf Prison, 306 Lenin, Vladimir, 362 Lerner, Sala, 524Ո29 Leuschner, Wilhelm, 74,207 Leverkuehn, Paul, 361 Lewinsky, Ellen, 239-242 Lewinsky, Siefried, 242 Lichtenstein, Gertrud, 301 Liebig, Hans, 521П17 Liedig (Absehr Lieutenant Commander), 452 Liedig, Franz Maria, 90,140-141,143,457,463, 467, 485 Liedig, Heinz, 90 Linstow, Hans-Otfried von,
436, 444 Lithuania, 418 Litten, Hans, 524Ո29 Loewy, Hildegard, 191, 286, 292 London, Jack, 63 Lonsdale-Bryans, James, 128-129 Lorke, Greta, xi, 9-15,18,23-25.37.39-40, 4б, б2,103,146,15°. 174. 231. Зоб, 476-477 Lovász, Stefan, 503Ո24 Lubbe, Marinus van der, 24 Lufthansa (Deutsche Luft Hansa), 41 Luftwaffe about the rebuilding, 41 bombing of Britain, 168-169 conspiracy and spies within, 146-157, 294-298,311,341. 385 Goring command of, 69 invasion of Russia, 170,172,175, 225-226 opposing the Allied invasion, 361 planes and instrument factories, 396,400 MacArthur, Douglas, 61 Majdanek (concentration camp), 458 Makarov, Mikhail, 226-227 Making Germany Great Again (MAGA), 375 “Man of the Уеar” (Time magazine, 1938), 1 Mann, Thomas, 46,184 Mannaberg, Hans, 196, 243-244, 279,287 Masius (attorney), 292 Mayer, Gerry, 362-363,367,395-396,400 medical experimentation, 181,260, 457 Mein Kampf (Hitler), 40-41 Mertz von Quirnheim, Albrecht, 415,418, 427-428, 438,441 Metternich, Karl von, 334 Mexico, 508Ո20 Meyer, Gerhard, 240, 279, 287 Meyer, Hanni, 285,292 Meyer, Herbert, 191 Meyer, Reinhold, 478 Meyer, Rita, 290,304, 482 Milch, Erhard, 41,503Ո23 Mildred Harnack Day, 475 Mischling (half-Jew), 146,150,315,478, 503Ո23 Mitläufer, 41 Moabit Sonnets (Haushofer), 501 Mohr, Max, 37 Mohr, Robert, xiv, 322-325, 333-334,337-338, 340-343,348,354 Moltke, Freya von, 419
Index Moltke, Hekmuth James Graf von, 202-207, 212-213, 216. 355.360-361,393, 396, 475 Morell, Theodor, 425 Morgen, Konrad, 514Ո6 Morgenthau, Henry, 98-99 Moyzisch, Ludwig, 396 Mrosek, Greti, 478 Mrugowsky, Joachim, 258-260, 277, 523Ո8 Müller (Reich Bishop), 160 Müller, Franz Josef, 316,321,352-353, 502Ո9 Müller, Heinrich (“Gestapo Müller”), 377,394, 434. 442.445.447. 452. 461. 464-465 Müller, Josef (Mr. X, “the Ox”), xii, 126,142,167, 208, 220-222, 287,382,388-389,447, 451, 453.457-458, 461,463,466-467,508Ո20 Müller, Ludwig, 110 Munich Agreement, 86,96,116,139. See also Chamberlain, Neville; Sudetenland Munich beer hall putsch of 1923,106,134, 246,325 Murphy, James, 40-41 Mussolini, Benito, 95,103,121,127,389, 421 Muth, Carl, 185-186, 247,255,339 Nathan, Luise, 44 National Socialist Courier, 107 National Socialist German Student Association, 27 Nazi Party (National Socialist German Workers’ Party) about the formation and message, 16 attack on Communists, 17 book burnings, 27 burning of the Reichstag, 24-26 control of art, culture and society, 32,39-40, 56,110,149,161,176,320 control of the press, 6,32,55, 98,121,137, 195, 245 creating “enemies of the people” law, 28 elimination of opposition parties, 33-34 German rearmament, 503Ո24 Kristallnacht, 105-107 party membership, 27-28 Special Courts and trials, 28, 286 10th anniversary, 324 Nebe, Arthur, 83, 444,452, 521ШІ, 522Ո6 Netherlands, 124,141-142 Neumann, Helmut, 191-192, 237, 286, 292 New York Times, 197, 299,355 Niemöller, Martin, 110-111,162-163, 263, 480 Nietzsche, Friedrich, 258 Night of the Broken Glass. See
Kristallnacht Night of the Long Knives (Rohm purge), 34-36, 43. 7L 83,91.176. 203, 211 537 1938 “Man of the Year” (Time magazine), 1 NKVD (Soviet secret police), xv, 60, 67,145, 173-174 North Africa, 215,310-311,357-358,362,406,414 Norway, 62,129, 205, 207,355-356 Nuremberg Laws, 40-41, 53-54 Nuremberg war crimes trials. See war crimes/criminals Oberhäuser, Josef, 513Ո15 Oehring, Richard, 18 Oertzen, Hans-Ulrich von, 409, 411, 443 Olav (Norwegian crown prince), 205 Olbricht, Friedrich, 74, 214, 404-409,418-420, 427-430, 436-438. 441, 447 Operation 7,200-208, 219-220,376, 384, 461,479 Operation Barbarossa, 175-176, 406 Operation Citadel, 369 Operation Flash, 370 Operation Overlord (Allied invasion of Europe), 360-361, 397, 399-400, 519m Operation Reinhard, 264-266, 479 Operation Sea Lion (German invasion of Britain), 172 Operation Torch, 310 Operation Valkyrie about the plan objectives, 404-405, 415-416 coup, about using the plan for, 407, 409 coup, bomb placement and explosion, 418-426 first responses to the putsch, 427-432 Hitler’s survival, 424-425, 432-433, 439 loss of support, 433-441 Sonderkommission investigation, 442-454, 486 Oranienburg (concentration camp), 35, 258,278 Orsenigo, Cesare, 276, 514Ո14 Osborne, Sir Francis D’Arcy, 127,138-140,508Ո20 OSS (Office of Strategic Services), xv, 203,357, 359-362, 401, 485 Ossietzky (Polish detainee), 177 Oster, Hans about intent to remove Hitler, xii, 3-4 anti-Nazi activities, 72-86 building a circle of resisters, 70, 73-86,121, 130-131,166-167, 182 Canaris relationship, 72,109 Chamberlain mission, views on, 87 contacting the
Allies, 140-143, 200, 204-206,351,361, 487-488,506Ո26 contacting the Vatican (Operation X), 125-128,167,387
538 Index Oster, Hans (cont.) dismissal from the Abwehr, 383,403,408 Gestapo investigation, 220-223,375-376, 379-382,389-390 imprisonment, trial and execution, 476, 485 imprisonment and execution, 457-466 planning arrest of Hitler, 89-97 planning assassination attempt, 133-138 plotting a coup attempt, 212-217, 37° Sonderkommission arrest and interrogation, 446-449. 451-453 Otter, Göran Fredrik von, 273-275, 470, 482 Otto, Hans, 25-26,176-177 Oven, Margarete von, 408 Paech, Barbara, 304 Paech, Charlotte, xi, 280-284, 288-291, 304-306, 482-483 Paech, Eva, 288-290 Paech, Gustav, 288-289, 291 Palestine, 47 Papen, Franz von, 22 Papen, Franz von, Jr., 32 Paul, Elfriede, 150,153 Paulus, Friedrich von, 324 Pearl Harbor, 231, 505Ո8 People’s Courts. See also Reichskreigsgericht; Special Courts as charade of justice, 28,345 bombing attack by Allies, 455-456 conspirator interrogations, 452,458 Rote Kapelle trials, 294 sentences passed, 485 trials and executions, 289, 341-343, 443-445,485 Peters, Armin, 259 Peters, Hans, 203 Petersdorff, Horst von, 458 Pfannenstiel, Wilhelm, 264-265, 267, 270, 272-273, 470, 523Ո8 Pfuhlstein, Alexander von, 447-448,522Ո13 Pius XI (Pope), 183 Pius XII (Pope), 127, 276-277,381,390,420, 457. See also Vatican Plötzensee Memorial Center, 512Ո4 Plötzensee Prison, 25,112, 289, 293, 302, 444.486 Poelchau, Harald, 299,302-303,306 Poland atrocities and executions, 123,128,165-166, 186-187, 204. 250, 253,411 buildup for attack on Russia, 173, 211 concentration camps, 272, 513П15, 513Ո17 developing death camps, 265 expulsion of the Jews, 105-106 impact of Munich
Agreement, 81, 89 invasion by Germany, 116-129,155 post-war plans, 399 Russian advances into, 418 Soviet spying operations, 60, 66,176 wearing the Star of David, 193-194 WWi reparations, 46 Poland, German invasion, 123-124 Pöllnitz, Gisela von, 150-151,154, 509Ո4 Pommer, Robert, 164 Popitz, Johannes, 216 Posnanska, Sophie, 226-227 poverty. See unemployment and poverty Prager, Georg, 112-113,190 Prager, Ilse, 113-114,190 Prager, Jenny, 113,190 Prager, Marianne, 113-114,190-191,198,285, 292-293 Prauge, Gerhard, 50 Preysing, Konrad, 276 Prinz-Albrecht-Strasse prison, 451 Probst, Christoph, xiii, 247-248, 253-254,312, 321,325-ЗЗІ. 338-349.355. 479 Probst, Herta, 341 prostitution/sexual abuse, 46-47,70, i86, 397, 507mi Quirnheim, Mertz von, 415, 418, 427-428,438 Quisling, Vidkun, 205 Rabenau, Friedrich von, 458 Ramdohr, Lilo, 311-313. 327.335.34°. Յ50-Յ52 Rath, Ernst vom, 106 Rattenhuber, Johann, 460 Rauschning, Hermann, 257 Ravensbrück (concentration camp), 278,301, 458,482, 520Ո13, 524Ո29 Reckzeh, Paul, 393 Reden, Ernst, 55,58, 254, 504Ո16 Regensburg (concentration camp), 461-463 Rehling, Kurt, 160 Reich Criminal Police (Kripo), 83,135,297,32Յ. 452, 52Ш11 Reichhart (Reichart), Johann, 348-349, 518ՈՈ43-44 Reichsarbeitsdienst (RAD, National Labor Service), xv, 57 Reichskirche (German Reich Church, “German Christians”), 4,119,160,162, 438. See also Bekennende Kirche Reichskreigsgericht (RKG, Reich Court-Martial), xv, 292, 297,377,387-389. See also People’s Courts; Special Courts
Index Reichskulturkammer (RKK), 39 Reichstag arson/burning of, 24-25, 28, 502Ո8 exclusion of opposition parties, 26-27 Nazi Party representation, 21-22 “Young Conservatives” coup attempt, 34-35 Reichwein, Adolf, 419 Reindel, Ernst, 290, 305 Reindl, Ludwig, 38-39 Remer, Otto, 429, 431-433, 442 Reserve Army about the mission, 404-405, 415-416 Fromm command of, 409, 437-438 Hoepner command of, 429 incorporation into coup plans, 409 role of Stauffenberg, 407, 438 taken over by Himmler, 436-437 Ribbentrop, Joachim von ambassador to England, 111,122 as foreign policy idvisor, 130 investigation of the Abwher, 394 Munich Agreement, 86 nonagression pact with Poland, 117 nonagression pact with Soviets, 118-120 relations with American ambassador, 78-79, 98 target for elimination, 65, 405 Riga (concentration camp), 353 Rilke, Rainer Maria, 55 Ritter, Karl, 365 Rittmeister, John, 177, 233 Rockefeller Foundation, 11 Roeder, Manfred, xiv, 294-307,378-390,442, 447, 475-477 Rohleder, Joachim, 142, 222 Rohm, Ernst, 33-36,176, 203, 211,347. See also Night of the Long Knives Romania, 145, 418 Rommel, Erwin (“Desert Fox”), 310, 414-415, 433, 443 Roosevelt, Franklin D„ 12, 29-31, 42, 62, 64-66, 95,98,101-103,206, 276,310,329, 357-358,361, 399, 475, 505Ո8, 506m Rosenbaun, Sala. See Kochmann, Sala Rosenbaum Rote Kapelle operation, 224-235, 294,303,306, 311, 378-379, 382, 475-477 Rothe, Greta, 315, 478 Rotholz, Heinz, 191, 279, 292 Rotholz, Lotte, 191, 237, 286, 292-293,482 Rotholz, Siegbert (“Sigi”), 108-109,191,237, 286, 292 Röttger, Wilhelm, 293 Rowohlt, Ernst, 37-39 539 Rundstedt, Gerd von,
415, 433, 521Ո3 Russell, William, 124 SA (Sturmabteilung, the brownshirts), xvi, 21-22,25-26, 33-36, 43, 46,70-73,93,107, 344, 524Ո29 Sachsenhausen (concentration camp), 27,136, 196,284, 291, 441, 447, 454, 460-461, 466, 520Ո13, 524Ո29 Sack, Karl, 389, 433, 453, 457, 460-461, 465-466 Salinger, Lothar, 191, 237, 286, 292 Samberger, Leo, 347 Sas, Gijsbertus, 141-142 Sauerbruch, Ferdinand, 365, 407, 419 Schacht, Hjalmar, 82-84,358,367, 457,485 Schaumann, Werner, 516Ո17 Scheel, Heinrich, 153 Schellenberg, Walter, xiv, 136-138, 228-229,359, 391-394,398-401, 445-446 Schertling, Gisela, 311,319,335, 337-339, 352-35Յ Schirach, Baldur von, 160 Schlabrendorff, Fabian von, 212-215,370-372, 385, 404, 439-440, 453, 455, 463, 467, 485-486,521П11 Schleicher, Kurt von, 22, 34, 36, 73 Schleicher, Renate, 450 Schleicher, Rüdiger, 374,382, 450-451, 455-456, 471 Schleicher, Ursula Bonhoeffer, 450-451 Schmauser, Karl, 301 Schmid, Jakob, 332,346 Schmidhuber, Wilhelm, 208, 218-223,376-377, 379,384,388-390, 522П11 Schmoreil, Alexander, xiii, 247-251, 253, 308-313,317-321,325,328, ՅՅ8-342, 350-355, 479 Schmundt, Rudolf, 369, 424 Scholl, Elisabeth, 44, 58, 352, 479 Scholl, Hans Fritz, xiii, 6 beginning doubts about Hitler, 51-52 creation and distribution of leaflets, 247-255, 308-318,321 d.j.1.11 activities, 55-58 entry into resistance activities, 183-187 Hitler Jugend activities, 44-45 leadership in student resistance, 325-33° leaflet distribution and arrest, 332-340 memorial in honor of, 479 tria! and execution, 341-349,352 Scholl, Inge, 44,53,56-57,107,183-186, 254, ՅՅՕ, 352,478-479 Scholl,
Magdalena, 6,45, 57, 346-348, 352,479
540 Index Scholl, Robert, 6, 44-45. 57՜58, 246-247. 254. 313. 339. 346-348, 352, 479 Scholl, Sophie Magdalena, xiii, 6, 44, 52-58, 107-108,115,122-124,183-186, 246-255, 310-311,314,316-318,320-321, 324-325, 328-335, ՅՅ7-Յ40, 342-349,355, 479, 487 Scholl, Werner, 44, 55,57,108,185, 254, 346-347, Յ52,479 Schottmüller, Oda, 152 Schrader, Werner, 448-449, 521mi Schreck, Julius, 264 Schreiber, Georg, 365 Schüddekopf, Katharina, 352-353 Schulenburg, Fritz-Dietlof Graf von der, 522Ո9 Schulze, Eric, 146 Schulze, Kurt, 300 Schulze-Boysen, Harro arrest and imprisonment, 146-147 discovery/arrest, 385 Gestapo discovery/arrest, 228-235 leaflet distribution, 241 poetry, 501 relationship with Goring, 294 relationship with Harnack group, 156-157, 170-171,197, 203, 475 resistance activities, 2,148-156 spying for the Russians, xi, 172-179,303 trial and execution, 294-300 Schulze-Boysen, Libertas, xi arrest and interrogation, 229-234 recording Nazi atrocities, 2, 4,176-177 resistance activities, 148-155,171-172 spying for the Russians, 225,303 trial and execution, 294-300 Schumacher, Elisabeth, 225,231,296, 298-300 Schumacher, Elisabeth Hohenemser, 149-150 Schumacher, Kurt, 149 Schuschnigg, Kurt von, 75,457, 467, 485 SD (Sicherheitsdienst, Security Service), xvi Seig, John (Johann), xi, 23, 25,39, 60,150,153, 177-178, 231-234 Seliger (Major), 229 sex/sexuality. See homosexuality; prostitution/ sexual abuse Shirer, William, 93, 97,116,124 Siemens (company), 190-191,195,279,286, 515m Siemens-Schuckertwerke (aircraft factory), 192, 239, 242 Sippenhaft (clan arrest), 352,462, 471-472 Skorzeny,
Otto, 442 slave labor. See forced labor/slave labor Sobibor (concentration camp), 265,479 Social Democratic Party, 14, 22,25-26,36,46, 74,171, ЗУ Söhngen, Josef, 316,329, 339, 518Ո6 Solf, Hanna, 392-393,520Ո13 Solf, Wilhelm, 392,520Ո13 “Solution of the Jewish Problem” (document), 260-262,479 Sonderegger, Franz, xiv, 376-377, 379-382,384, 387, 442,446-449, 451-454,458 Sonderkommission 20 Juli, xvi, 442-454, 486, 522Ո2 Sonnenburg (concentration camp), 150 Soviet Union. See also Stalin, Josef about the economic success, 16-20 atrocities and executions, 210-211 capture of Berlin, 455 Commissar Order, 210 German invasion (Operation Barbarossa), 406 German nonagression pact, 118-119,155 German preparations for invasion, 172-173 invasion by Germany, 145,175-176, 240 invasion of Poland, 123 Rote Kapelle operation, 224-235, 294, 303, 306, յո, 378-379, 382, 475-477 Stalingrad, German defeat at, 295,301,317, 324-326, 375 Stalinist purges, 67-68 Ukrainian famine, 19, 502Ո10 U.S. lend lease program, 398 weapons manufacture for Germany, 18 Spanish Civil War, 61-62, 72,154,198,394, 400, 509Ո5 Special Courts, 28, 58, 254, 286,292. See also People’s Courts Speer, Albert, 35, 236, 415-417, 425-426,430 Speidel, Hans, 414 Spoerl, Alexander, 230 SS (Schutzstaffel), xvi, 22,24-25,34-35,71-74, 105-106,121,128,139,142,204, 209-210, 256-266. See also Waffen-SS Stadelheim prison, 347,354, 478 Stalin, Josef, 18-19, 23, 67,117-118,123,131, 145-146,154,175, 20Z, 207,300,502ШО. See also Soviet Union Star of David, 193-194, 236, 266, 269,309 Stauffenberg, Alexander, 420 Stauffenberg, Berthold von,
408,415, 420,428, 438, 472, 522Ո9 Stauffenberg, Claus von, xiii, 406-438, 472, 488, 521ПИ Stauffenberg, Nina, 408,443 Stawitzki, Kurt, 442-454 Steidle, Josef, 503Ո24 Steinbrink, Werner, 48,50,54-55,196,237-238, 240-244,279, 284-285,287
Index Stepanov, Giovanni, 316 Stevens, Richard, 136 Stieff, 444 Stieve, Hermann, 293,304 Strasser, Gregor, 90 Strölin, Karl, 414 Strübing, Johannes, 230-231, 234 Striinck, Theodor, 457, 485 Stülpnagel, Carl Heinrich von, 83,124,414-415, 423. 433-436, 444 Sudetenland, German occupation, 76-97,102, 115-118, 406-407. See also Munich Agreement Sudoplatov, Pavel, 170 Süss, Karl, 220-221 Sweden, 132-133, 205, 232, 273, 275,355,376 Switzerland, 112,119,128-129,201-202, 205-208, 218-219,340, 357-358 376,389. 393-397, 401, 445, 45°, 503Ո24 T4 euthanasia program, xvi, 180-183,187, 201, 26Ć-267,365, 51ՕՈ9, 514Ո4 Tau, Max, 37, 40, 62 Tegel military prison, 383,449-451 Téramond, Guy de, 227 Terwxel, Maria, 153,177,197, 231, 302,304 Thadden, Elisabeth von, 393 Thälmann, Ernst, 21 Theresienstadt (Czech ghetto), 284 Thiele, Fritz, 427 Thierack, Otto, 456, 464 Thomas, Georg, 124, 212, 452, 457, 467, 485 Thorbeck, Otto, 464-465, 523Ո3 Time (magazine), 1 Tindall, R. G., 361 Tirpitz, Alfred von, 146 Treachery Act of 1934, 247 Treaty of Versailles, 1,16,18, 41,44, 57, 71-72, 75-76, 81,117,124,169, 257 Treblinka (concentration camp), 265,272-274, 277,479, 492, 514Ո8 Trepper, Leopold, 224-228, 234, 475 Tresckow, Adelheid, 523Ո21 Tresckow, Erika, 408 Tresckow, Henning von, xiii assassination plots, 369-376, 424 coup, connection to Oster, 211-217 coup, following loss of Oster, 403-407 coup, plans with Stauffenberg, 407-411,416 coup, Valkyrie conspiracy, 431-434 as leader in removal of Hitler, 488 recruitment of Breitenbuch, 411-413 relationship to Bonhoeffer, 385 suicide to prevent capture,
439-441,443 541 Tresckow, Mark, 523Ո21 Tresckow, Uta, 523Ո21 Trott zu Solz, Adam von, 102, 203, 206, 212,216, 231,358,360,394,396,408,415,420, 443 Truman, Harry S., 485 Turkey, 35, 360-362, 394, 398-399 Ubbink, J. H„ 257, 276, 469-470 U-Boat S-4 (play), 23 Udet, Ernst, 32 Uhrig, Robert, 197-198, 524Ո29 Ukraine famine, starvation and deaths, 19 famine as genocidai act by Stalin, 502Ո10 German invasion and occupation, 172, 259 massacre of Jews, 294, 406, 410 personnel running concentration camps, 267-272 Werwolf (Hitler headquarters), 368 Umberto (Italian crown prince), 142 unemployment and poverty aftermath of Great Depression, 14-17 economics and politics, 11-12, 25,133, !бз post-WWI conditions in Germany, 2,10, 45-46 Soviet comparison to Germany, 19 University of Berlin, 3,10,13-15,18, 203, 293, 304, 503Ո24 U.S. Army, 467, 474-476 U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 476, 485 Üxküll-Gyllenband, Alexandrine von, 472 V-1/V-2 weapons, 360, 400, 515Ո14 Valkyrie. See Operation Valkyrie Vansittart, Sir Robert, 78, 80 Vatican, war-time role, 125-128,138-140,142, 167, 208, 220-222,376,387-388,451,453, 464-465. See also Pius XII (Pope) Vauck, Wilhelm, 226-229 Veckojounalen (magazine), 355 Venlo incident, 136-138,359,392, 458 Visser ’t Hooft, Willem, 119, 200-201, 206,358 Vogel, Werner, 421-422 Völkischer Beobachter, 238 Völkischer Beobachter, 99 Volksgemeinschaft/Volksgenossen, 51 Vötter, Charlotte, 196, 279 Vötter, George, 196-197, 279,304, 516Ո17 Waffen-SS, 4,158,188-189, 265, 275, 277. See also SS (Schutzstaffel) Wall Street Crash of 1929,14,17
542 Index Walther, Irene, 192,196, 240-241,279, 287, 292 Wapenhensch, Johannes, 218-222 war crimes/criminals, 468-470, 474-476, 481-482, 502Ո8, sunu, 513Ո17, 514Ո4,518Ո44 Warsaw ghetto, 272, 308 Wartenburg, Peter Graf Yorck von, 522Ո9 Warum lacht Frau Balsam? (play), 24 WASAG Chemicals (company), 521mi Washington, George, 505Ո8 Wedel, Carl von, 227 Wedemeyer, Maria von, 385-387, 449, 471, 523Ո18 Wehrmacht Prison, 221 Weigelt, Robert, 256, 259 Weimar Republic, 14,16, 25-27,44, 55,146,313 Weisenborn, Günther, 23-24, 27,150-151,153, 155, 230-231, 477 Weiss, Robert, 187 Weisse Blätter (magazine), 392 Weiszäcker, Ernst von, 128-129,132 Welzheim (concentration camp), 163 Wesse, Katherina, 484 Wesse, Richard, 194, 515m Wesse, Suzanne, xi, 194-196, 240-241, 269, 279, 281, 287 Weyersberg (Reich prosecutor), 345,348 Wheatcroft, Stephen, 502Ո10 White Rose (student resistance movement), xiii, 249 -255.300-328,338-342. 347-349. 351-356,443, 473-479,488,517Ո22, Winogradov, Boris, 38-39, 505Ո16 Wirth, 470 Wirth, Christian, 181, 265-272,47°. 514ո6 Wisconsin, 9-12,18, 29,37, 62-64, 475,477 Wisconsin Literary Magazine, 10 Wisconsin State Journal, 10 Witebski, Werner, 524Ո29 Wittekind (Kiss, play), 161 Wittenstein, Jürgen, 250, 252-253,310, 346, 478 Wittzleben, Erwin, 83, 90, 97,125,212-213,409, 417, 423, 429, 435, 444 Witzleben, Erwin von, 83,90,97,125,212-213, 409, 411, 417, 423, 429, 435,444 Wloszczynski, Sophie, 23, 25 Wolfe, Thomas, 39, 63 Wolf’s Lair (Wolfsschanze), 363,365,368-369, 410,418-426, 434, 460 Wolter, Marta, 153 World War I (the Great War), 2,13-15,44, 50,154 Wulle, Reinhold,
163 Wuppertal, resistance activities, 524Ո29 Wurm, Theophile, 187 Wüst, Walter, 333 Yorck von Wartenburg, Peter Graf, 203,212, 216, 222,408, 416, 419, 434,438,442, 444,522Ո9 “Young Conservatives” coup attempt, 34-35 Yugoslavia, 184, 248 518ՈՈ6-7 White Rose Foundation, 502Ո9 White Rose History (website), 516Ո10 Wieland, Heinrich Otto, 478 Wilhelm (Kaiser), 13,203 Wilson, Hugh, 98,506Ш Wilson, Sir Horace, 92,94 Windlicht - Storm Lantern (journal), 185 Zechlin, Anneliese, 231-232 Zechlin, Egmont, 17,102,172, 231-233,295 Zerrer, Ernst, 163 Zimmering, Max, 524Ո29 Zionism, 47 Zocher, Rita, 515Ո13 Zyklon В, 263-264,2б7,271-272, 278,469,480 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek München J
|
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| author | Thomas, Gordon 1933-2017 Lewis, Greg 1968- |
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| dewey-search | 943.086 |
| dewey-sort | 3943.086 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
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| geographic_facet | Germany Politics and government 1933-1945 Deutschland |
| id | DE-604.BV045892257 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:29:35Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780451489043 |
| language | English |
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| publisher | Caliber, an imprint of Penguin Random House |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Thomas, Gordon 1933-2017 Verfasser (DE-588)174113773 aut Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule Gordon Thomas and Greg Lewis New York Caliber, an imprint of Penguin Random House [2019] © 2019 xvi, 542 Seiten, 16 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen, Porträts txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references "An enthralling work of popular history that vividly resurrects the web of everyday Germans who resisted Nazi rule"... Anti-Nazi movement Germany Nationalsozialismus (DE-588)4041316-0 gnd rswk-swf Widerstand (DE-588)4079262-6 gnd rswk-swf Germany Politics and government 1933-1945 Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Nationalsozialismus (DE-588)4041316-0 s Widerstand (DE-588)4079262-6 s DE-604 Lewis, Greg 1968- Verfasser (DE-588)1187686727 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, ebk. 978-0-451-48905-0 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031275262&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Thomas, Gordon 1933-2017 Lewis, Greg 1968- Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule Anti-Nazi movement Germany Nationalsozialismus (DE-588)4041316-0 gnd Widerstand (DE-588)4079262-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4041316-0 (DE-588)4079262-6 (DE-588)4011882-4 |
| title | Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule |
| title_auth | Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule |
| title_exact_search | Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule |
| title_full | Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule Gordon Thomas and Greg Lewis |
| title_fullStr | Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule Gordon Thomas and Greg Lewis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defying Hitler the Germans who resisted Nazi rule Gordon Thomas and Greg Lewis |
| title_short | Defying Hitler |
| title_sort | defying hitler the germans who resisted nazi rule |
| title_sub | the Germans who resisted Nazi rule |
| topic | Anti-Nazi movement Germany Nationalsozialismus (DE-588)4041316-0 gnd Widerstand (DE-588)4079262-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Anti-Nazi movement Germany Nationalsozialismus Widerstand Germany Politics and government 1933-1945 Deutschland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=031275262&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT thomasgordon defyinghitlerthegermanswhoresistednazirule AT lewisgreg defyinghitlerthegermanswhoresistednazirule |