Computers and society: modern perspectives
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford
Oxford University Press
2019
|
| Ausgabe: | First edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | xviii, 530 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780198827092 9780198827085 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Case Studies xv Prologue 1 O.l Background 0.2 Opportunities: computer applications 0.3 Risks: technological threats 0.4 Choices: challenges for society 0.5 How to use this book 0.6 A note to instructors 2 4 6 7 8 11 Parti Opportunities 1 Digital inclusion 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Pioneers and visionaries Access to the Internet Internet access across the world Internet shutdowns Inclusive design of technology Gender issues Technology for seniors Summary Key terms 2 Digital media and intellectual property 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 2.12 Pioneers and visionaries Intellectual property: protection and fair use Music Movies Mash-ups Textbooks and research publications Open access publications Software patents Open source software Creative Commons licensing Summary Key terms 17 18 20 22 27 28 30 34 37 39 41 42 43 46 51 54 55 58 61 63 66 67 69
x I Contents 3 Computers in education and learning 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 Pioneers and visionaries Digital simulations and serious gaming Presentation technology Smart and flipped classrooms Intelligent tutoring Online learning Massive open online courses (MOOCs) Ubiquitous use of computers in schools Summary Key terms 4 Computers in medicine and health care 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 Pioneers and visionaries Online health information and online communities of care Electronic medical records and personal health records Medication data processing Big data and infectious disease surveillance and modelling Medical simulators Artificial body parts and bionic people Precision medicine Neuroplasticity and brain training Robot companions and caregivers for seniors Summary Key terms 5 Free speech, politics, and government 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 Visions, utopias, and dystopias Free speech Print, broadcast, and internet speech Internet speech that draws censorship Fake news, filter bubbles, and echo chambers E-democracy Citizen mobilization via social media Campaigning with social media; big data for voter surveillance and targeting 5.9 E-government 5.10 Summary 5.11 Key terms 6 Law and order, war and peace 6.1 Visions and nightmares 6.2 Use of social media by the police and in dealing with the police 71 72 . 74 76 78 81 83 85 87 90 92 93 94 95 99 103 104 106 108 110 113 116 118 121 ш 124 126 127 128 134 141 144 144 147 149 152 153 154 155
Contents Į xi 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11 Citizen mobilization via social media for regime change Surveillance by government Governments restricting internet access; keeping the net open Hacking another country’s elections and politicians Cyberespionage, cyberterrorism, and cyberwarfare Guided aerial weapons with no person aboard Autonomous weapons and robot soldiers Summary Key terms 159 161 166 168 171 175 177 181 183 Partii Risks 7 Security 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 Visions and context A security primer Hackers Cybercriminals and large-scale system intrusions Identity theft Security in the digital world Electronic voting machines The legal response to cybercrime What shall we do? Summary Key terms 187 188 189 193 195 197 201 203 205 208 209 211 8 Safety 213 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 8.10 8.11 8.12 8.13 214 215 217 219 221 224 227 229 232 238 241 242 243 Visions and context Frustration, anger, and rage in internet access Cyberbullying and revenge porn Attention and distraction Uncontrollable software development Incomprehensible and incorrect software Medical devices and safety Industrial disasters Autonomous vehicles The environment What shall we do? Summary Key terms 9 Privacy 9.1 9.2 9.3 Visions and context A privacy primer Government data collection 245 246 247 250
xii I Contents 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 9.10 9.11 9.12 9.13 Consumer privacy Health information Personal information visible through social media Surveillance everywhere Recording, remembering, and forgetting Confidential information, privacy for government, and whistle-blowers Privacy laws What shall we do? Summary Key terms 254 257 258 261 265 267 270 272 274 276 Partili Choices 10 Automation, work, and jobs 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 Historical precedents and early warnings Identifying job opportunities and the best employees Monitoring workers for job performance On-demand services in the gig economy Automation and fears of unemployment Agriculture and automation Manufacturing and automation Computers in service industries The transformation of professions The future of employment, jobs, and work Our options Summary Key terms 11 Artificial intelligence, explanations, trust, responsibility, and justice 11.1 Visions and context 11.2 An AI Primer 11.3 AI advances, capabilities, and limits 11.4 What is intelligence? 11.5 Anthropomorphism, feelings, and empathy 11.6 How do we know what a computer knows and how it makes its decisions? 11.7 Trust 11.8 Accountability and responsibility 11.9 Fairness and justice 11.10 Our options 279 280 282 284 287 291 292 294 296 299 302 307 308 310 311 312 316 320 323 324 328 330 331 333 335
Contents ļ xiii 11.11 Summary 11.12 Key terms 339 340 12 Lifestyle 343 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.9 12.10 12.11 12.12 344 345 348 350 354 356 357 359 362 369 370 371 Visions and context Connected Too connected Always connected: technology addiction and workaholism The internet of things, voice assistants, and smart cities Artificial reality Pornography, online dating, and sex robots Blockchain and the future of money Corporate concentration, and social and economic disruption Our options Summary Key terms 13 Epilogue 373 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 374 375 376 377 Social issues Policy/legal choices Ethical/moral dilemmas Moving forward 14 Afterword: Developments in autumn 2018 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 14.10 14.11 14.12 14.13 Notes Resources Index Digital inclusion Digital media and intellectual property Education and learning Medicine and health care Free speech, politics, and government Law and order, war and peace Security Safety Privacy Automation, work, and jobs AI Lifestyle Summary 379 379 380 380 381 381 382 383 384 384 385 386 387 390 391 513 517
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| discipline | Allgemeines Informatik Soziologie |
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| title | Computers and society modern perspectives |
| title_auth | Computers and society modern perspectives |
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