Russia's crony capitalism: the path from market economy to kleptocracy
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New Haven ; London
Yale University Press
[2019]
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | viii, 324 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780300243093 |
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Contents List ofAcronyms and Initialisms vii Introduction, і The Origins of Putin’s Economic Model, 12 one two three Putin’s Consolidation of Power, 38 Conservative Fiscal and Monetary Policy, 68 four five The Rise of State Capitalism, 97 The Expansion of Crony Capitalism, 132 s i x How Large Is Russian Wealth, and Why Is It Held Offshore?, 154 seven From International Economic Integration to Deglobalization, 180
VI eight CONTENTS Liberalism versus Statism, or Reform versus Corruption?, 205 Conclusion: Where Is Russia Going, and What Should the West Do?, 226 Notes 255 References 275 Acknowledgments 305 Index 309
Index Page numbers in italics refer to figures. Abkhazia, 57 Abramovich, Roman, 24,74,107-108,115, 132,153,231-232 Acemoglu, Daron, 235 Adamishin, Anatoly, 202 Adóméit, Hannes, 189 Afghanistan, 54,241,244 Akhmetov, Rinat, 126 Albats, Evgeniya, 11,146,156 alcohol abuse, 93 Alexander I, emperor of Russia, 41 Alexander II, emperor of Russia, 6-7,14, 42,244 Alexander III, emperor of Russia, 41 Alfa Bank, 74,104 Alfa Group, 153,230,232 Algeria, 18 Allison, Graham, 244 Al Qaeda, 54 Alrosa,147 American Bar Association, 164 Anin, Roman, 10 anonymous companies, 6,158-164,168, 171,174,176-177,179.250 Anti-Ballistic Missile (ABM) Treaty, 54-55,187 Anti-Corruption Foundation, 156,221 Antigua, 159 Apatity (Phosagro), 28,101,176 Arab Spring, 33, 56,245 arbitrage, 113,181 Argentina, 237 aristocracy, 7,13,150,171,230-231 armaments production, 98,128 Armenia, 9,33,184,191 Aron, Leon, 18-19 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), 185,201 Assad, Bashar al-, 241 asset stripping, 30-32,109,113,120,144, 154-155.171 Atomic Energy Industry Complex (Rosatom), 29,106,125 attorney-client privilege, 161,163,250 Auchan SA, 75 Australia, 194,237 Austro-Hungarian Empire, 14,18,233 Aven, Petr, 24,153 309
310 Avtovaz, 128,129 Azerbaijan, 184,191 Baikalfinansgrup, 102-103 Baker, Raymond, 158 Balcerowicz, Leszek, 205 Balmaceda, Margarita, 117 Baltic republics, 18,21,115 Baltic Sea, 143 Bangladesh, 236 Bank for Foreign Economic Affairs, 123-124 Bank of Finland, 11 Bank Otkritie, 90-91,121,175 Bank Rossiisky Kredit, 74 Bank Rossiya, 32,45,133,134,137-139, 14Յ, 175, 231; sanctions against, 193; Sogaz acquired by, 144 bankruptcy law, 27,50,77 Barber, Tony, 7 barter, 75,77-78 Bashneft, 52,118,120,123 Bastrykin, Alexander, 60,176,187 Baturina, Elena, 153 Belarus, 20,172,254; corruption in, 233; in Eurasian Economic Union, 9,32-33; exports of, 190; Gazprom’s coercion in, 115; Russian energy exports to, 192; Russian subsidies to, 191; Russia’s prospective partnership with, 181-184, 187-189 Belize, 162 Belkovsky, Stanislav, 172-173,174 Belousov, Andrei, 212 Bendukidze, Kakha, 153 beneficiary owners, 121,140,162,177-178 Berezovsky, Boris, 24,26,47,71,108,132, 152-153 Bergmann, Burkhard, по Berliner Zeitung, 165 Bermuda, 158 Beslan massacre (2004), 55 Billa (supermarket chain), 75 N D EX Binbank, 90-91 Black Sea,143 Blavatnik, Len, 232 Bogdanchikov, Sergei, 100,101,119 border controls, 189,190 Borog, Irina, 298 Bortnikov, Alexander, 45,47,65, 66, 148,227 Bortnikov, Denis, 148 Bout, Viktor, 162 BP (British Petroleum), 119-120,123 Brazil, 184,229,237 Brexit, 162 Brezhnev, Leonid, 2,4,15,35,44,46,210, 234-235,251 Brezhnev doctrine, 17 bribery, 36,53,136,145,219-220 BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa), 184,201,202,203,229 British Virgin Islands, 146,159,162,178 Browder, Bill,
60,155.157) 173~V4 179 Brzeziński, Zbigniew, 4 Buckley, Neil, 130 Budget Code (2000), 78 budget deficits, 22,8i; crash of 1998 linked to, 71,94,206; fiscal stimulus linked to, 86; reining in of, 70,73,76-77,90,94, 95; under Soviet rule, 18 Bulgaria, 17,116,237,254 Bullough, Oliver, 163 Buryakov, Evgeny, 125 Bush, George H. W., 182 Bush, George W., 54-57 Camdessus, Michel, 73 Cameron, Charles, 231 Cameron, David, 162,163 Canada, 194 Capitalism’s Achilles Heel (Baker), 158 Carnation Revolution (1974), 232,243 Caryl, Christian, 43 Castro, Fidel, 242
INDEX Catherine II, empress of Russia, 58,231 Caucasian republics, 18,254 Cayman Islands, 159,162,178 cement industry, too censorship, 5,215 Center for Strategic Research, 98,214-218, 224 Central Bank of Russia (CBR), 23,74, 89, 172,205,208,252; as banking regulator, 90-91; during crash of 1998,72; inflation targeting by, 88; professionalism at, 70; ruble overvalued by, 87; sanctions eluded by, 195; statistics from, 11,44,156; succession battle at, 210,212; tight money policy of, 197 chaebols, 228 Chaika, Artem, 61,187,222 Chaika, Yuri, 61, 221-222 Channel Islands, 158 Chechnya, 23,25,47,54,223,240 Chemezov, Sergei, 45,47,105,127-130,131, 227 Cherkezov, Viktor, 46 Chernomyrdin, Viktor, 71,109-110 Chevron, 102 Chichvarkin, Yevgeny, 153,157 China, 59,191,237; censorship in, 204; crony capitalism in, 37,229; currency and gold reserves of, 86; energy supplies to, 102,110; in intergovernmental organizations, 184,185,186; as military threat, 244, 245; Russian trade with, 200-203; U.S. financial activities by, 163, 194 Chubais, Anatoly, 21,26,75,205-206 Civil Initiative, 206 Clausewitz, Carl von, 246 Geland, David, 40 Clinton, Bill, 184 Clinton, Hillary, 67,211-212 Cobham, Alex, 160-161 3ІІ Combating America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act (CAATSA), 197, 198 commodities, 136,140; crash of 1998 linked to, 69-70; falling prices of, 86, 201; profiteering from, 73-74,158-159; rising prices of, 23,74-76,236. See also oil and gas Common Economic Space, 186-187,188 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 21,181,199 Communal Services Reform Fund, 106 Communist Party of the Russian
Federation, 207 Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), 4,3,138, 235; banning of, 20 comparative advantage, 186 Congo, Democratic Republic of, 236 Cooper, Julian, 186 corporate income tax, 79-80 corporate raiding, 51-52,62 Corporation, The (Felshtinsky and Pribylovsky), 133 Corruption Perceptions Index, 53,233 Council of Europe, 63 creative destruction, 17,73,77,87,211,216, 228,235 crime, 23,39,40,134-136,137,240,246, 249 Crimea, 55,57,137,170,196,236; Russian annexation of, 35,58, 67,134,140,49, 180,184,188,192-193,199, 201, 238,240, 241-242,246 Crimean War (1853-1856), 41,244 Criminal Procedure Code (2002), 51 Cuba, 242 Cuban missile crisis, 249 currency devaluation, 70,71,72,87,126. See also exchange rates current account balance, 69,91,92 cyber warfare, 56,59,63-64, 67,176, 196, 246 Cyprus, 156,158-159,172
312 INDEX Czechoslovakia, 15,17 Czech Republic, 93 dark money, 161 Dawisha, Karen, 10,39,45,99-100,133,136 Decembrist uprising (1825), 41 Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement, 191,199 deinstitutionalization, 7,37,49,52, 64,67, 231,236,251 Delaware, 159,162 Delovaya Rossiya, 217 Democratic National Committee, 63-64, 67,176,247 Democratic Republic of Congo, 236 Denmark, 177 Deripaska, Oleg, 74,197 Destined for War (Allison), 244 Diamond, Larry, 251 Diana Yakovlev Act (2013), 187 Dickens, Charles, 19 Di Salvo, Mattia, 196 Dmitriev, Vladimir, 124,125,126 Donbas, 200,241,242 Dresdner Bank, 135 Dubai, 158,159 Durov, Pavel, 153 Dvorkovich, Arkady, 122-123 East Asian financial crisis (1997), 71 East Germany, 15,17,43,252 Economist, 10,114-115 Egypt, 33.56 Eisenstein, Sergei, 42 election interference, 67,176,179,196,247 Ensign, Rachel Louise, 164 enterprise subsidies, 76-77,87,90,95 E.on (German energy company), 110 Estonia, 21,56,79,94,116,177,252 Ethiopia, 236 Eurasian Development Bank, 189,191-192 Eurasian Economic Commission, 189, 208 Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), 9,33, 185,187,189-192,203,209,213, 224 European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), 97-98,135,183, 194 European Commission, 116-118 European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), 63,221 European Free Trade Association, 177 European Neighborhood Policy, 188 European Union (EU), 63,116,211,229, 233,245,248,253-254; enlargement of, 59,62,64; Chinese trade with, 201; CIS and EAEU modeled after, 181,189; EAEU contrasted with, 190; energy exports to, 29,117,130-131; enlargement of, 183; money laundering combated
by, 177; parliamentary systems in, 252; Russian trade with, 200,202; sanctions by, 35,134,193,196,209; transparency promoted by, 250; Ukrainian agreement with, 188,191,199 Euroset, 52,153,157 exchange rates: after crash of 1998,70-71, 72; floating, 88,89-90,95,213; foreign trade and, 78,91; oil and gas and, 88, 90; policy proposals for, 218, 219; profiteering from, 74-75; public debt and, 81; speculation in, 87. See also currency devaluation excise tax, 79 extortion, 155,171,175 ExxonMobil, 102,123 Facebook, 137,153 February Revolution (1917), 7, 20 Federal Security Service (FSB), 6,20,37, 38.43,47,66-67,137,153,227; as dominant law enforcement agency, 63, 246; election interference by, 247; enlargement of, 59,62, 64; intelligence gathering by, 240; Internet regulation by, 203-204; need to abolish, 252
ЭЧ INDEX Federation Council, 48 Fedorov, Boris, 110 Felshtinsky, Yuri, 10,39,133,136,145-146 Financial Accountability and Corporate Transparency (FACT) Coalition, 176-177 Financial Action Task Force (FATF), 160 Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), 160,161,163,165,178,250 financial crisis of 1998,24-25, 86; banks devastated by, 37,71,72,74,104,152; causes of, 70,71; lessons of, 8, 22,36,39, 87,94; recovery from, 68-69,73-75, շօ6; winners and losers in, 75-76 financial crisis of 2008-2009,2,32,86,95, 98,129,165 Financial Times, 7,72,118,120,130,160 Findley, Michael, 162 Finland, 116,133-135,177 First Person (Putin), 5,10,39,42,229 Firtash, Dmytro, 115-116,155 Fish, Steven, 232 Florida, 163,178 Forbes, 11,114,133,156,164,168,169-171, 175-176 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), 145 foreign debt, 18, 88,195, 203 foreign direct investment, 159,186,196, 235-236 Fortescue, Stephen, 102,108 Fradkov, Mikhail, 148 Fradkov, Petr, 148 France, 18,35,54 Freedom House, 232,233 Fridman, Mikhail, 24,153 Fried, Daniel, 248 Frye, Timothy, 52 FSO (Federal Protection Service), 43,59, 64 Fukuyama, Francis, 230-231 Fund for the Fight against Corruption, 10 Fursenko, Andrei, 45,138,143 Fursenko, Sergei, 138 G-7 (Group of Seven), 184 G-8 (Group of Eight), 54,186,202 G-20 (Group of Twenty), 184,202 Gaddafi, Muammar, 55 Gaddy, Cliff, 38,42 Gaidar, Yegor, 3,12,16,21,26,70,75, 205-206,210 Gaidar Forum, 215 Gaidar Institute, 98 Galeotti, Mark, 63-64,137,246 Gans-Morse, Jordan, 50,51-52, 62 Ganzakombank, 148 Gazfond, 144,147 Gazprom, 8,49,97,153,190,227,228,232; anticompetitive behavior
imputed to, 116-117; exports of, 29; formation of, 109; gas cutoffs by, 29,115,116,130-131, 200; as geopolitical tool, 113,115, 130-131,199-200; governance of, 110, 129; government guarantees for, 104; looting of, 6,10,24,32,109,115,144,154, 169,171,220; market capitalization of, 30,32,108,109,110,112,122; media assets of, 32,133,143-144; mismanagement of, 108,110-111, 113-115,123,169; nepotism and, 147; no-bid procurement by, 6,32; Putin’s stake in, 173; Rotenbergs enriched by, 32,142-143,147; sanctions eluded by, 118; steelworks of, 222; Timchenko enriched by, 32,139,140-141,150; Yukos sale and, 102 Gazprombank, 104,115,118,121,144, 175 Gazprom Drilling, 147 Gazprom Media Group, 143-144 Gazprom Neft (Sibneft), 24,29,74,108, 115,118,139,232 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), 185
34 INDEX Georgia, 153,184,245; CIS joined by, 181; Gumilev, Lev, 40,41 corruption curtailed in, 233,240; Gunvor (oil-trading company), 139-140, judicial system rebuilt in, 252-253; 141, i73 175 power cutoffs in, 115; Rose Revolution Guriev, Sergei, 95-96,180,202 in, 56; Russian intervention in, 57, Gurvich, Yevsei, 215-216 240,247 Gusinsky, Vladimir, 19,24,26,47,143, Gerasimov, Valery, 245 152-153,239 Gerasimov Doctrine, 245-246 Gustafson, Thane, 100,102,228-229 Germany, 177,237; gas pipeline to, 117,142; Iraq War opposed by, 54; Russian Harding, Luke, 10,161 holdings in, 165,171; Ukraine crisis and, Helsinki Charter (1975), 35,247 35; World War I and, 14,18 Hendley, Kathryn, 50 Henry, James S., 166-167 Giucci, Ricardo, 191 glasnost, 16 Hermitage Capital Management, 114,157 Glaziev, Sergei, 9,191,192,207-213,215, Herzen, Alexander, 13 217,219,224 Hill, Fiona, 38,42 Glencore, 121 Hirschman, Albert, 157 Global Financial Integrity, 165-167,176 Hong Kong, 158,159 Global Magnitsky Human Rights How Russia Became a Market Economy Accountability Act (2016), 61,187,222 (Åslund), 3 Global Witness, 176 Hungary, 17,125,241,244 Goldgeier, James, 245 Huntington, Samuel, 232 Google, 204 Hussein, Saddam, 55 Gorbachev, Mikhail, 4,46,184,251; democratic forces unleashed by, 17-18; Ignatiev, Sergei, 70,172,212 reforms introduced by, 16-17 IKEA, 75 Gorbachev’s Struggle for Economic Reform Illarionov, Andrei, 81,85,133-134 (Åslund), 2 Ilyin, Ivan, 40-41 Gorkov, Sergei, 125,126,127 import substitution, 29,197,198,203,218, Gosplan (State Planning Committee), 14 224,249 Gozman, Leonid, 244 INDEM
Foundation, 220 Great Britain, 18 India, 18,37,59, 86,116,184,237 Greece, 159 Industrial Union of Donbas, 126 Gref, Herman, 26,30,45,79,134,185,206 inequality, 22,168-169 Grey, Stephen, 11 infant mortality, 93,94 Gros, Daniel, 196 inflation, 36,69,73,75,83,84, 213,239; Group of Eight (G-8), 54,186,202 borrowers benefiting from, 74; Group of Seven (G-7), 184 devaluation finked to, 72,88; pensions Group of Twenty (G-20), 184,202 indexed to, 76; Russia countersanctions GRU (Main Intelligence Directorate), 59, finked to, 195; after Soviet breakup, 19, 63,119,176,246,247 21,22,181; under Soviet rule, 18; Guardian, 10 targeting of, 88,89,95,210 Gudkov, Lev, 75,239,243 Inkombank, 74
INDEX Institute for Economies in Transition, 11 Institute of Economic Forecasting, 208 interest rates, 88,197 International Monetary Fund (IMF), 11, 87,165,166,183,209,234,236-237; after crash of 1998,72; financing to Russia refused by, 71; flat tax opposed by, 79; Russian links to Cyprus probed by, 159; sanctions evaluated by, 194; Ukraine funding from, 201 Internet companies, 203-204 Internet Research Agency, 137 Inter RAO, 147 Intesa Sanpaolo, 121 Investigative Committee, 60 Iran, 195,249 Iraq, 249 Iraq War, 54,55 Isle of Man, 158 Itera (gas company), 109 Ivanishvili, Bidzina, 153 Ivanov, Sergei (father); election interference criticized by, 67; as presidential candidate, 31; in Putin’s circle, 45,47,66,229; Russian values viewed by, 13; at Security Council, 65, 227; state enterprises viewed by, 105 Ivanov, Sergei (son), 147 Ivanov, Viktor, 45 Ivan the Terrible, 41-42,62-63 J. P. Morgan, 102 JP Morgan Cazenove, 112-113 Japan, 72,86,96,191,194,237 Johnson, Simon, 235 Judah, Ben, 4,11,43,161,162 Juncker, Jean-Claude, 116 Kabaeva, Alina, 144 Kadyrov, Ramzan, 53,64,137,223 Kalibaeva, Alina, 148 Kamaz, 128 Kaspersky Lab, 196 ЗІ5 Kasyanov, Mikhail, 26,49,75,169,206, 220 Kazakhstan, 172,181,191; in EAEU, 9, 32-33,209; raw materials exported by, 190; Russia’s prospective partnership with, 183-189; Ukrainian exports to, 200 Kennedy, John E, 248 Kerimov, Suleiman, 174 KGB, 2,38,139; Putin’s links to, 6, 8,31, 39-45, 66,130,146,147,212,220; reorganization of, 20,252 Khodorovsky, Mikhail, 74,100,173; arrest and conviction of, 24,28,30,97,101, 152,153,155,169,176,220,230,231,240;
election activities of, 24,102; Putin’s pardon of, 104 Khristenko, Viktor, 189 Khrushchev, Nikita, 65,248-249 King, William, 40 Kirienko, Sergei, 71,76 Kirovles (timber firm), 221 Klebnikov, Paul, 11 Klein, Linda A., 164 “know your customer” (KYC) rule, 160 Kohl, Helmut, 183 Kołakowski, Leszek, 16 Kolbin, Petr, 45,140,173.175 Kolesnikov, Sergei, 145-146, i55,169,173, 174,231 Kolokoltsev, Vladimir, 65 Kommersant, 11,14 Kornai, János, 14 Kovalchuk, Boris, 147 Kovalchuk, Mikhail, 132,133 Kovalchuk, Yuri, 132,148-149,169,171, U5, 193, 247; Bank Rossiya controlled by, 32, 133,138,143, i44֊i45; Petersburg Fuel scandal linked to, 136; in Putin’s circle, 32,45,47,133,134,143,228; television network controlled by, 143 Kovykta gas field, 29 Kozak, Dmitri, 45,50
3i6 INDEX Krastev, Ivan, 232 Kravchuk, Leonid, 20 Krutikhin, Mikhail, 110 Kryshtanovskaya, Olga, 44 Kuchma, Leonid, 188 Kudrin, Alexei, 26,229; as economic reformer, 9,75,85,134,206,207-208, 215-216,218,224; as fiscal conservative, 210; sidelining of, 36,214-215,217,219, 225; Western admiration for, 42 Kukly (television program), 39 Kulibayev, Timur, 110 Kumarin, Vladimir, 136,137,138 Kurchatov Institute, 133 Kurlantzick, Joshua, 99 Kushner, Jared, 127 Kyrgyzstan, 9,33,56,184,185,191,200 labor law, 27 land ownership, 26,27 Laqueur, Walter, 40 Lamelle, Marlene, 41 Latvia, 21,116 Latynina, Yulia, 114 Lavrov, Sergei, 64 Lebedev, Platon, 101 Lehman Brothers, 86 Lenin, Vladimir, 4,129 Lesin, Mikhail, 247 Levada Center, 11,239,240,243 Li, Belinda, 162 Libya, 33,55,56,107 Lider (financial management company), 144 life expectancy, 92-93 Life of a Slave on the Galleys, The (Nemtov and Martynyuk), 172 limited liability companies (LLCs), 163,178 Lincoln, Abraham, 14 Lipset, Seymour Martin, 251 liquefied natural gas, 110,111-112,118, 140-141,175,201 liquidity, 86,88 Lithuania, 21,115,116,177 Litvinenko, Vladimir, 40,175-176,247 Lloyd, John, 73 Los Angeles, 178 Lucas, Edward, 10,161 Lukashenko, Alexander, 191,243 Lukoil, 118,119,123,228,230 Luzhkov, Yuri, 153 Mafia State (Harding), ići Magnitsky, Sergei, 60-61,157 Malaysia, 164 Malia, Martin, 13 Malofeev, Konstantin, 137 Malta, 158,159 Manevich, Mikhail, 134-135 Martynyuk, Leonid, 99-100,142,145,172 Master Bank, 148 Matiuikhin, Georgy, 22 Matvienko, Valentina, 46,64 Mau, Vladimir, 12,210-211,215 McFaul, Michael, 12,49,245 McKinsey
Company, 75 McKinsey Global Institute, 26 MDM Bank, 74 Medvedev, Dmitri, 143-144, 215,232; corruption accusations against, 36, 222-223; as Gazprom chairman, 29,110; military spending by, 206; Obama and, 187,245; powerlessness of, 31,32,34,64; Putin’s manipulation of, 30,33; as president, 62,120,128,131; as reformer, 30,31,34,62,131; as St. Petersburg official, 45; state corporations opposed by, 107 Megafon (mobile phone company), 75 Melnichenko, Andrei, 74 Menatep, 24,74,230 Merkel, Angela, 137 Metro AG, 75 metallurgy, 98,153 Mexico, 236
NDEX MICEX (stock exchange), 144 Michels, Robert, 228 middle-income trap, 234, 236 migration, 236 Mikhelson, Leonid, 140-141,222 military spending, 15,16,106-107, 206, 209,216,237,238 Miller, Alexei, 30,45,47,110,114,118, 130,227 Miller, Chris, 2 Milner, Yuri, 153 Milov, Vladimir, 10,32,39,99-100,113, 144,154,159,171,173,220 mining, 98 Ministry of Defense, 49,59 Ministry of Interior, 49,52,59, 60 misinvoicing, 157,165 missile defense, 16,55,209 mobile phones, 75 Moldova, 18,115,184,233,245,254 money laundering, 101,136-137,160-164, 177, 221,250; through real estate, 136, 163,164,168,178 monopolies, 29,105,116,216, 228,252 Mordashov, Alexei, 231 Moscow Times, 138 Mossack Fonseca (law firm), 10,152 Most Bank, 74 Mostotrest, 142,228 Motherland (Rodina), 207 Movchan, Veronika, 191 MTS (mobile phone company), 75 Mueller, Robert S., Ill, 176 Mugabe, Robert, 242 Myachin, Victor, 138 Myers, Steven Lee, 176 Nabiullina, Elvira, 46,70,212 Naftogaz, 117,200 Naryshkin, Sergei, 65 National Crime Agency (UK), 161 National Guard, 60,65 National Media Group, 144 ЗІ/ National Welfare Fund, 85-86,95,123,125, 126,147 NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), 53,56-57,244,248 natural gas, 69,108-113,195; cutoffs of, 29, 115,116,130-131, 200; liquefied, 110, 111-112,118,140-141,175, 201. See also oil and gas Navalny, Alexei, 9,10,36,61,148,156,187, 220-224, 233 Navalny, Oleg, 221 Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 110,189,190 Nemtsov, Boris, 32,39,99-100,113,142, 144,154,171-173, 248; murder of, 10,64, 66,137,219,220 Netherlands, 177 Nevada, 162 New York City, 163,178 New Zealand, 194 Ng, Serena, 164
Nicholas I, emperor of Russia, 13,41,241, 244 Nickerson, James, 163 Nielson, Daniel, 162 9/11 attacks, 54,160,177 nongovernmental organizations, 56, 105-106,124,125,129, 233 Norilsk Nickel, 24,153,253 North Korea, 54 Norway, 85 Novatek, 111,118,139,140-141, 222,228 Novaya Gazeta, 10,114,160 Novokmet, Filip, 167-168 Novoye Vremya, 11,146,156 NTV (television network), 19,39,47,143,239 nuclear weapons, 4,106,127,184,237,238, 245,248 Obama, Barack, 31,187,197,245 October Revolution (1917), 7,14 Odnoklassniki (social network), 222 offshore havens, 6,9,146,154-179,198, 226-227,228,230,251
318 INDEX oil and gas, 8,180,186,192; arctic, 195; exchange rates and, 88,90; falling prices of, 16,32,68,86, 87-88,91,195, 196,202; offshore, 195; profiteering from, 6,22-24, 29,32,51,73-74; proposals to privatize, 218; renationalization of, 37; rising prices of, 2,3,16,27-28,30,37.69,78, 83,181, 202,237; Russian dependence on, 68; sanctions and, 35; taxation of, 69,77, 78,102,105; volatility of, 2,68,69,83,85. See also natural gas; pipelines oligarchs, 75,87,153,197,230,235,240; in exile, 35,132,146,152,155,161,232; extortion from, 155,174,175,231; loss of influence of, 26,30,74, too, 157; under Yeltsin, 23-24, 26,100,156 Olimpstroi, 106,142 OMZ (machine-building company), 153 One Belt One Road initiative, 185 Oneximbank, 74 Open Russia Foundation, 102 Orange Revolution, 29,39,54,55-56,188, 245 Oreshkin, Dmitri, 76 Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), 160,183 organized crime, 39, 62,136,137,240,246, 249 Organized Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, 10,159,175 ORT (television network), 47,232 Ostrovsky, Arkady, 12 Ottoman Empire, 18 Ozero dacha cooperative, 45,130,137,138, 145 Page, Carter, 125 Pakistan, 18 Panama, 146 Panama Papers, 10,174; cronyism documented by, 100,148,155-156,162, 171,175,231; Putin angered by, 152, 155-156,198 patrimonialism, 13,131,229,231 Patriot Act (2001), 160,161,177,250 Patrushev, Dmitri, 147-148 Patrushev, Nikolai, 45,47,64,66,147, 227 payroll tax, 80 Pei, Minxin, 37 pensions, 27,28,36,76,90,206,242 Perestroika (Gorbachev), 17 perestroika, 16,17,251 personal income tax, 27,79,95,208 Peskov, Dmitri, 67,121,198
Petersburg Fuel Company, 136 Peter the Great, 114 petrochemicals, 131 Petrov, Gennady, 136,137 Phosagro (Apatity), 28,101,176 Piketty, Thomas, 167-168 pipelines: Chinese investments in, 201; Gazprom’s investments in, 32,108,110, 113-117,139-143,169,190,201; Rotenbergs’ profits from, 32,114,133, 142-143,228; Timchenko’s profits from, 32,114,133,139,140-141,169, 228; Transneft’s monopoly on, 45,102,220 Pipes, Richard, 4,13,131,229 Plan for Sustainable Economic Development and Social Stability, 89 Plehve, Vyacheslav von, 240 plutocracy, 9,172,231 Poland, 15,17,177,241 Politburo, 34,65 Politikovskaya, Anna, 47 Pomerantsev, Peter, 47 Popov, Sergei, 74 Portugal, 177,232,242-243 Potanin, Vladimir, 24,153 Potemkin, Grigoril, 58 Prague Spring, 15 press freedom, 5,19; under Yeltsin, 22 Pribylovsky, Vladimir, 10,39,133,136, 145-146
INDEX price controls, 14,15-16,29; abolition of, 21 Prigozhin, Evgeny, 137 Primakov, Yevgeny, 73,76 privatization, 21-22,24,28,74,100, 104-105,118,218 Prominvestbank, 126 Promsvyazbank, 90,197 property rights, 51,91,224,230,231; absence of, 7,13,62,172,216,229,242, 253; corporate raiding vs., 130,158; economic growth linked to, 67,91,235; in economic reform laws (2002), 27; offshore, 157,158,172,235-236; rule of law linked to, 49-50,235 Prosecutor General’s Office, 60 protection rackets, 23 public debt, 1,69,73,81,82,86,94,95,213 purchasing power parities (PPP), 236-237 Putin, Igor, 148 Putin, Mikhail, 148 Putin, Vladimir: accession of, 1,25; administrative simplification backed by, 219; asset stripping by, 31-32; autocrats admired by, 40-43; Bank Rossiya linked to, 45,137-138; Chechnya subsidized by, 223; China pivot attempted by, 200,201; Hillary Clinton denounced by, 211-212; crash of 1998 and, 75-76; Crimea annexed by, 35,58, 67.134.140,149,180,184,188,192-193, 199,201, 238,240,241-242,246; deinstitutionalization by, 7,37,49,52, 64, 67, 231,236,251; dissertation plagiarized by, 40; economic policies of, 9,12,26-29,39,68-96; electoral coalition assembled by, 33-34; elites nationalized by, 46,146; embezzlement imputed to, 136; Eurasian integration sought by, 188-191,209,211; family of, 148; favoritism disclaimed by, 148-150; finger pointing by, 212-213; foreign policy of, 53-59; four circles of power ЗІ9 of, 226; information sources used by, 43-44; international law flouted by, 35, 246-247; judicial reforms by, 50-52; KGB links of, 6, 8,31,39-45, 66,130, 146,147,212,220;
Khodorkovsky denounced by, 101; law enforcement agencies nurtured by, 59-64; longevity of, 2,4; loyalty prized by, 6-7,34,44,45, 66,130,225, 229-230; media constrained by, 24,35,39,47-48, 143-144,227; Medvedev’s appointment of, 30-31,33; nationalist sentiment exploited by, 13; official residences of, 145-146,231; organized crime linked to, 136,137; Panama Papers and, 152, 155-156,198; personal authoritarianism and, 239-240; personal fortune of, 7, 155,172-174; political agility of, 5-6,27, 38,39,44,76, 209-210, 238-239,248; pomp and ceremony cherished by, 184; as protectionist, 180,195,197,198; renationalization by, 37,97; road tax imposed by, 151; Rybkin affair and, 132; as St. Petersburg official, 40,42,45,133, 135; self-publishing by, 10; sham elections overseen by, 3,33,35; small military victories pursued by, 240-242, 246,247; Sochi Olympics and, 104,126, 141,142; Soviet breakup regretted by, 17, 19,56,182; stability stressed by, 15,18, 36,39,68, 213,239; stabilization fiind established by, 83, 85; state administration reconfigured by, 48; state capitalism under, 97-131; Surgutneftegaz linked to, 139; tax reform by, 27,78-81,94-95,206; Ukraine criticized by, 52-53; Ukraine trade targeted by, 199-200; U.S. criticized by, 56; unsustainable regime of, 243; WTO membership sought by, 185-187; Yeltsin holdovers coopted by, 49; Yukos confiscation and, 103
320 INDEX Putina, Ekaterina, 148 Putina, Maria, 148 Putina, Vera, 148 Putin and Gazprom (Nemtsov and Milov), 220 Putin’s Kleptocracy (Dawisha), 10,133 PwC (accounting firm), 62,114 Qatar, 121 QHG companies, 121 quantitative easing, 217,219 Radygin, Alexander, 98,99 Ragimov, Il’gam, 175,176 Raikin, Arkady, 14 Rastrelli, Francesco Bartolomeo, 231 Reagan, Ronald, 16,209 real estate, 142,171; exemption from Patriot Act of, 161,250; money laundered through, 136,163,164, 168,178 “Rebuilding Russia” (Solzhenitsyn), 188 renationalization, 37,97-131 rent seeking, 129,134,171-172,227,228, 252; in energy sector, 2,22,105,108,118, 131,171,210,251; in infrastructure procurement, 155; in medical equipment procurement, 169; property rights and rule of law vs., 236 Reserve Fund, 85-86,95,208 retail sector, 75,98-99 Reznik, Vladislav, 136 Rivera, David W., 44 Rivera, Sharon Werning, 44 Robinson, James, 235 Rogozin, Dmitri, 207 Roldugin, Sergei, 43,45,175,198,231 Romania, 17 Rosatom (Atomic Energy Industry Complex), 29,106,125 Roscosmos, 207 Rose Revolution, 56 Rosneft, 45,53,108,111,135,139,148,227, 228,232; expansion of, 29,101,103,118, 119-120,122; mismanagement of, 122, 123; transparency feigned by, 121-122; U.S. sanctions against, 118; Venezuela links of, 123,131; Yukos acquired by, 8, 28,51,97,100-101,102,118,119,122,169 Rosoboronexport, 105,128,129 Rosprom, 74 Rosselkhozbank, 104,147-148 Rosspritprom, 134 Rosstat (Russian Federal State Statistics Service), 11,98 Rostec (Russian Technologies), 8,97,106, 127-129,196,227 Rotenberg, Arkady, 114,142,148-149, 154-155,169,175; in Putin’s
circle, 32,45, 47,133,228; sanctions against, 134,151, 165,170,193; secretiveness of, 134,141 Rotenberg, Boris, 169,170,193; in Finland, 133 134, MY 148-149,150; in Putin’s circle, 45,175,228; Sochi Olympics and, 141; state procurement orders to, 142, 154-155 Rotenberg, Igor, 142,147,151,170 Rotenberg, Roman, 147,170 Royal Dutch Shell, 29,112 Rubin, Trudy, 2 Rusal, 74,197 Russia Business Consulting, 11 Russian Ark, The (Sokurov), 14 Russian Corporation for Nanotechnologies (Rusnano), 106 Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF), 85 Russian Empire, 18,243,244 Russian Orthodox Church, 13,207 Russian Railways, 45,130,138,212 Russia’s Capitalist Revolution (Åslund), 3 Russia-Ukraine Friendship Treaty (1997), 35.247 Russia under the Old Regime (Pipes), 13 Russia under Western Eyes (Malia), 13 Russneft, 52
INDEX Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905), 240, 243-244 Rybkin, Ivan, 132 Ryboloviev, Dmitri, 153,232 Ryzhkov, Nikolai, 18 Saakashvili, Mikheil, 56,153,240 St. Petersburg Rea! Estate Holding Co. (SPAG), 136 Sakhalin projects, 29,112,123 Salazar, António, 242-243 Saľe, Marina, 40,136 Sargsyan, Serzh, 191 Satarov, Georgy, 220 Saudi Arabia, 237 Sberbank, 90,104,125,206 SBS Agro Bank, 24,74,152 Schröder, Gerhard, 122 Schumpeter, Joseph, 73 Sechin, Igor, 111; corporate transparency opposed by, 107; corruption allegations against, 53,101; Khodorkovsky vs., 100; in Putins circle, 28-29,45,47,100,119, 121,122,130,227; Rosneft expansion driven by, 119,120,123,131; United Shipbuilding Corporation chaired by, 105 Sechin,Ivan,148 Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), 145 Security Council (Russia), 8,34,45,64-65, 66,67 September 11 attacks, 54,160,177 Serbia, 244,249 Serdyukov, Anatloy, 53 serfdom, 14 Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act (2012), 60,187,198, 249 Severnaya Neft (oil company), 101 Severstal, 231 Seychelles, 162 Shamalov, Kirill, 147,197 321 Shamalov, Nikolai, 138,147,155,169,175; European sanctions against, 134,193; in Putin’s circle, 45,47,133; scandals linked to, 136,145-146 Shamalov, Yuri, 147 Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), 185,201 Shearman Sterling, 164 shell companies, 102,121,140,146,159,162, 164-165,171,178 Shelomov, Mikhail, 148 Shevtsova, Lilia, 27,231, 239-240 Shield (protection company), 141-142 Shleifer, Andrei, 24,219 Shoigu, Sergei, 49, 65 shortages, 15,16,18 Shushkevich, Stanislav, 20 Shuvalov, Igor, 49,125 Siberia, 16, 29 Sibneft
(Gazprom Neft), 24,29,74.108, 115,118,139,232 Sibur (chemical company), 141,144,147, 150 Siemens AG, 133,145,196 Siluanov, Anton, 70, 212 Singapore, 158,159 Sistema, 120-12Г Škripal, Sergei, 247 Slovakia, 116,177 Slovenia, 177 Smirnov, Vladimir, 138 Smolensky, Alexander, 24,152 Snyder, Tim, 40 Sobchak, Anatoly, 40,42,135, Г36,229 Sobyanin, Sergei, 49 Sochi Olympics (2014), 104,106,125-126, 141,142,170 social tax, 79, 80,95 Sogaz, 144,148,171,228 Sokurov, Alexander, 14 Soldatov, Andrei, 198 Solidarity (trade union), 15 Solzhenitsyn, Alexander, 188
322 INDEX Soros, George, 72 South Africa, 184 South Dakota, 162 South Korea, 191,237 South Ossetia, 57 sovereign wealth funds, 85-86,95,164 Soviet Union: budget deficits in, 18; capital outflows from, 156; dissolution of, 20-21, 68,181,244; economy of, 14-15,210-211; ossification of, 4; persistence of, 242; reforms in, 16-17; social conditions in, 94; as superpower, 184 Spain, 237 stagnation, 2,3,12,15,36,96,215,234,239, 248 Stalin, Joseph, 15,42,146,207,231 standard of living, 1,91-92,95,239,242, 246 Starodubrovskaya, Irina, 12 Starovoitova, Galina, 134-135 State Planning Committee (Gosplan), 14 statism, 7-9,19-20,36-37,48,206,207, 213,223-224 Statol, 123 Steele, Christopher, 67 steel industry, 100,222 Stiernlöf, Sture, 135 Stockholm International Arbitration Court, 117,200 Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), 237,242 stock manipulation, 154,155,171,175 Stolypin, Petr, 217 Stolypin Club, 215,217-218,219,224 Strategic Defense Initiative, 16,209 Strategic Planning and Policy (King and Cleland), 40 Strategic Sectors Law (2008), 203 “Strategy 2020,” 30,216-217 Stroigazmontazh, 142 Stroitransgaz, 109,140,141,142,150 SUEK (Siberian Coal Energy Company), 74 Surgutneftegaz, 102,118,139,173, 228 SVR (Foreign Intelligence Service), 43,59, 64,124,246 Sweden, 177 swift bank clearing system, 195 Switzerland, 160,194 Syria, 33,56,238,241,246 systemic liberals, 9,70,95,131, 214,224 Tajikistan, 184,185 Talbott, Strobe, 54 Tambov group, 136,137,138 tariffs, 29,78,190 Tatneft, 123 taxation, 26,51,76,151,205; circumvention of, 156,157; of exports, 29,78; of oil and gas,
69,77,78,102,105; reform of, 27,78-81, 94-95,206 Tax Justice Network, 160,166-167 telecommunications, 75,98 terrorism, 47,54,60,160,176,244 Tikhonova, Ekaterina, 147 Timakova, Natalia, 273Ո48 Timchenko, Gennady, 132,169,173,175; Bank Rossiya stake of, 138; exposé of, 10,139,161; Novatek stake of, 111,140, 222; contracts awarded to, 114,139; in Putin’s circle, 32,45,47,133,134,141,147, 148-150,228; sanctions against, 134,140, 170,193; state procurement orders to, 32,142,154-55 Titov, Boris, 217,218-219,224 TNK-BP, 29,108,118-120,122,139,153, 232 Tokarev, Nikolai, 45,220 Törnqvist, Torbjörn, 139,140 Total SA, 123 Traber, Ilya, 136,137 trade balance, 69 transfer pricing, 157 Transneft, 45,102,190,220
INDEX Transparency International, 53,176, 220, 233 transportation sector, 98 Treaty on Friendship, Cooperation, and Partnership (1997), 35,247 Treisman, Daniel, 24 Troika Dialog (investment bank), 108,113 Trump, Donald, 125,127; Kremlin’s backing of, 67,247; Putin’s meetings with, 249; real estate interests of, 153, 163; Russia sanctions and, 197,199 tsarism, 230-231 Tsyvinski, Aleh, 95-96 Tulip Revolution, 56 Tunisia, 33,56 Turkey, 143 Turkmenistan, 181,184 Turks and Caicos Islands, 159 UES (public utility), 112 Ukraine, 18,131,181,187,198,254; banking regulation in, 163; Chinese trade with, 201; corruption in, 233; Crimea taken from, 35,58,67,134,140,149,180,184, 188,192-193,199,201,238,240, 241-242, 246; democratization in, 8,9,20,29,39, 233,240; European Union vs. EAEU membership for, 191-192; Gazprom’s frictions with, 29,115,116,117; Internet regulation in, 204; NATO membership proposed for, 56-57; natural gas reserves in, 113; oligarchs in, 155; Orange Revolution in, 29,39,54,55-56, 188,245; Putin’s criticism of, 52-53; Russian intervention in, 35,57-59, 88, 114,137,151,177.180,188,192,193,238, 240-241,242,247, 248, 249; Russian sanctions against, 191,199; VEB investments in, 126 Ulyukaev, Alexei, 53 unemployment, 83,90,213, 239 unexplained wealth orders, 178 Union of Right Forces, 27 Յ2Յ United Aircraft Company, 29,105 United Kingdom, 18,158-162,177-178,179, 228,250 United Nations, 107,201 United Nations Charter, 35,247 United Shipbuilding Corporation, 29,105 Unity party, 25 Uralkali, 153,232 Usmanov, Alisher, 222 Uvarov, Sergei, 13 Uzbekistan, 184,185 Vaino, Anton,
64 Vainshtok, Semen, 220 value-added tax (VAT), 79,95,208,242 Vavilov, Andrei, 101 Vedomosti, 11, 62,144, 217 Vekselberg, Viktor, 232 Venezuela, 59,123,131 Vietnam, 18 Vimpelcom, 75 Vishny, Robert, 219 VKontakte, 153 Vnesheconombank (VEB), 8,97,104,106, 131,175; financial duplicity linked to, 85, 86,123,126; formation of, 124; intelligence links of, 124-145; nepotism and, 148; opacity of, 125,126,129; U.S. sanctions against, 126-127 Vneshtorgbank (VTB), 85,90,104,124, 148,175 Volkov, Vadim, 23,106,134,216 Volodin, Vyacheslav, 49,64 Voloshin, Alexander, 49,169,206 von Mises, Ludwig, 242 VSMPO-Avisma, 128-129,131 Vyakhirev, Rem, 109,110 Wall Street Journal, 163-164 Warnig, Matthias, 45.45.138 Washington Consensus, 205,209 White, Stephen, 44 Whitmore, Brian, 146,148
324 INDEX Wikileaks, 152,198 Winter Olympics (2014), 104, io6,125-126, 141,142,170 World Bank, 72,183,186,190 World Economic Outlook, 11 World Trade Organization (WTO), 9,32, 183,185-188,203,209, 211,213 World War 1,13,18,244 Wright, Thomas, 232 Wyoming, 162 Yaffa, Joshua, 169 Yakunin, Vladimir, 45,130,138,143,212 Yamal plant, 175 Yandex, 204 Yanukovych, Viktor, 57,115,117,126,155, 188,199-200,233 Yasin, Yevgeny, 210 Yeltsin, Boris, 79, 244,245; appointments by, 46,49; electoral victories of, 18,19, 23-24; European integration sought by, 63,183; failed coups against, 20,21,23; financial crisis of 1998 and, 71,73,76; judicial reforms by, 50; KGB reconfigured by, 252; market reforms backed by, 205-206; parliament dissolved by, 207; pomp and ceremony cherished by, 184; privatization implemented by, 21-22; public opinion of, 75; Putin appointed by, 1,25; Soviet Union abolished by, 20-21,182 Yemen, 56 Yergin, Daniel, 228-229 Yevtushenkov, Vladimir, 120 YouTube, 221,222 Yuganskneftegaz oil field, 102 Yugoslavia, 53,181 Yukos, 40,63,74,81,108,131,230; privatization of, 24,118; prosecution of, 101; Rosneft’s acquisition of, 8,28,51, 97,100-101,102,118,119,122,169 Zadornov, Mikhail, 76 Zaporozhstal, 126 Zhirinovsky, Vladimir, 207 Zimbabwe, 242 Zolotov, Viktor, 65 Zubarevich, Natalia, 33-34,243 Zubkov, Viktor, 110,138 Zucman, Gabriel, 167-168 Zygar, Mikhail, 5 Zyuganov, Gennady, 207 Bayerische Staatsbibliothek |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Åslund, Anders 1952- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)102886156 |
| author_facet | Åslund, Anders 1952- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Åslund, Anders 1952- |
| author_variant | a å aå |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045532704 |
| classification_rvk | MG 85910 QG 480 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1105594434 (DE-599)BVBBV045532704 |
| dewey-full | 330.947 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 330 - Economics |
| dewey-raw | 330.947 |
| dewey-search | 330.947 |
| dewey-sort | 3330.947 |
| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Politologie Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Russland |
| id | DE-604.BV045532704 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-20T06:45:24Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780300243093 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030916780 |
| oclc_num | 1105594434 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-N2 DE-12 DE-739 DE-11 DE-188 DE-29 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-N2 DE-12 DE-739 DE-11 DE-188 DE-29 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | viii, 324 Seiten Diagramme |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20190703 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Yale University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Åslund, Anders 1952- Verfasser (DE-588)102886156 aut Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy Anders Åslund New Haven ; London Yale University Press [2019] © 2019 viii, 324 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovič 1952- (DE-588)122188926 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaftssystem (DE-588)4117663-7 gnd rswk-swf Korruption (DE-588)4032524-6 gnd rswk-swf Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd rswk-swf Klientelismus (DE-588)4323377-6 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovič 1952- (DE-588)122188926 p Wirtschaftssystem (DE-588)4117663-7 s Klientelismus (DE-588)4323377-6 s Korruption (DE-588)4032524-6 s Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-300-24486-1 (DE-604)BV046678082 Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030916780&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030916780&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Åslund, Anders 1952- Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovič 1952- (DE-588)122188926 gnd Wirtschaftssystem (DE-588)4117663-7 gnd Korruption (DE-588)4032524-6 gnd Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd Klientelismus (DE-588)4323377-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)122188926 (DE-588)4117663-7 (DE-588)4032524-6 (DE-588)4256521-2 (DE-588)4323377-6 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy |
| title_auth | Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy |
| title_exact_search | Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy |
| title_full | Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy Anders Åslund |
| title_fullStr | Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy Anders Åslund |
| title_full_unstemmed | Russia's crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy Anders Åslund |
| title_short | Russia's crony capitalism |
| title_sort | russia s crony capitalism the path from market economy to kleptocracy |
| title_sub | the path from market economy to kleptocracy |
| topic | Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovič 1952- (DE-588)122188926 gnd Wirtschaftssystem (DE-588)4117663-7 gnd Korruption (DE-588)4032524-6 gnd Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd Klientelismus (DE-588)4323377-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Putin, Vladimir Vladimirovič 1952- Wirtschaftssystem Korruption Autoritärer Staat Klientelismus Russland |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030916780&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030916780&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT aslundanders russiascronycapitalismthepathfrommarketeconomytokleptocracy |