Statistics in archaeology:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverzeichnis: Seite [251]-287 First published in Great Britain in 2003 by Hodder Arnold |
| Beschreibung: | XI, 292 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780470711132 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Baxter, Michael |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Statistics in archaeology |c Michael Baxter (Reader in Archaeological Statistics at Nottingham Trent University, UK) |
| 264 | 0 | |a Chichester |b Wiley |c [2003] | |
| 300 | |a XI, 292 Seiten |b Diagramme | ||
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| 500 | |a Literaturverzeichnis: Seite [251]-287 | ||
| 500 | |a First published in Great Britain in 2003 by Hodder Arnold | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Archaeology - Statistical methods | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Archäologie | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Statistik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vor- und Frühgeschichte <Fach> | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Archäologie |2 swd | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Statistik |2 swd | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Archäologie | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents Preface ix 1 Introduction 1.1 Statistics and archaeology 1.1.1 Introduction 1.1.2 Statistical use in archaeology 1.2 Statistics in archaeology 1.2.1 The background 1.2.2 Landmark and other papers 1.2.3 Other literature 1.3 Simple statistics? 1 1 1 2 3 3 8 13 16 2 Data sets and problems 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Data 2.2.1 Lead isotope ratio data 2.2.2 Artifact compositional data 2.2.3 Artifact typology 2.2.4 Assemblage comparison I 2.2.5 Assemblage comparison II 2.2.6 Spatial data 19 19 19 19 20 22 23 24 27 3 Kernel density estimates 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Kernel density estimates 3.2.1 Univariate KDEs 3.2.2 Multivariate KDEs 3.3 Applications 3.3.1 Italian Bronze Age cups 3.3.2 The Mask Site bone splinter data 3.3.3 Other applications 29 29 30 30 32 33 33 35 36
IV Contents 4 Sampling 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Sampling methods 4.2.1 Notation 4.2.2 Simple random sampling 4.2.3 Stratified random sampling 4.2.4 Cluster sampling 4.2.5 Systematic sampling 4.3 Archaeological considerations 4.3.1 Random versus purposive sampling 4.3.2 What is being sampled? 4.4 Adaptive sampling 4.5 Sampling for discovery/rare features 4.5.1 Sampling for discovery 4.5.2 Sampling for ‘nothing’ 38 38 39 39 40 41 41 43 43 43 45 46 47 47 49 5 Regression and related models 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Simple linear regression 5.2.1 An example 5.2.2 Models for data 5.2.3 Flake size and flake-sizedistribution 5.3 Multiple linear regression 5.3.1 The basic model 5.3.2 Polynomial regression andrelated models 5.3.3 Trend-surface analysis 5.3.4 Regression with 0-1 dependent variables 5.3.5 Regression with 0-1 independent variables 5.4 Generalized linear models 5.4.1 Basic ideas 5.4.2 Logistic regression 5.5 Non-linear regression 5.6 Non-parametric regression 50 50 52 52 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 58 59 59 60 62 63 6 Multivariate methods - an introduction 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Notation and terminology 6.3 The singular value decomposition 6.4 Measures of distance 6.4.1 Manhattan distance 6.4.2 Euclidean distance 6.4.3 Mahalanobis distance 66 66 66 68 68 68 69 69 7 Principal component analysis and related methods 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Aspects of principal componentanalysis 7.2.1 Themathematics 7.2.2 Transformation 7.2.3 Biplots 73 73 74 74 74 78
Contents v 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.2.4 Choosing the number of components 7.2.5 Rotation Factor analysis Multidimensional scaling 7.4.1 The main ideas 7.4.2 Example: Analysis of ceramic thin-section data Projection pursuit 79 80 83 85 85 86 88 Cluster analysis 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Hierarchical clustering methods 8.2.1 Hierarchical agglomerative clustering 8.2.2 Hierarchical divisive clustering 8.2.3 Hierarchical clustering methods in burial studies 8.3 Relocation/partitioning methods 8.3.1 Main ideas 8.3.2 A case study 8.4 Model-based methods 8.4.1 Classification maximum likelihood 8.4.2 Mixture maximum likelihood 8.4.3 Archaeological applications 90 90 92 92 95 96 97 97 98 99 99 100 101 Discrimination and classification 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Linear and quadratic discriminant analysis 9.2.1 Normal-theory LDA and QDA 9.2.2 Fisher’s LDA 9.2.3 Assessing the success of a classification 9.2.4 Two-group discriminant analysis and regression 9.2.5 Variable selection 9.2.6 Quadratic discriminant analysis 9.2.7 Examples . 9.3 Logistic discrimination 9.4 Classification trees 105 105 106 106 107 108 110 111 111 112 114 116 Missing data and outliers 10.1 Missing and censored data 10.1.1 Introduction 10.1.2 Missing data 10.1.3 Censored data 10.1.4 An EM algorithm 10.2 Outliers 119 119 119 119 121 122 123 Analysis of tabular data 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Chi-squared analysis of contingency tables 11.2.1 Two-way tables 11.2.2 Three-way tables 128 128 129 129 129
vi Contents 11.3 Log-linear models 11.3.1 Three-way tables 11.3.2 Four-way tables ֊ an example 11.4 Correspondence analysis 11.4.1 Introduction 11.4.2 Detrended correspondence analysis 11.4.3 Multiple correspondence analysis - example 11.4.4 Some applications 11.5 The mathematics of correspondence analysis 11.5.1 Chi-square distance 11.5.2 Correspondence analysis as PCA 11.5.3 Matrix formulations 11.5.4 Multiple correspondence analysis - theory 12 Computer-intensive methods 12.1 Introduction 12.2 The bootstrap 12.2.1 Basic ideas 12.2.2 Examples of bootstrapping 12.3 The jackknife 12.4 Other applications of randomization 12.4.1 Buildings at Danebury 12.4.2 Bronze Age cairns on Mull 12.4.3 Artifacts in graves 12.5 Markov chain Monte Carlo 13 Spatial analysis 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 Introduction Spatial clustering Predictive modeling Point pattern analysis 13.4.1 Nearest neighbor analysis 13.4.2 Applications of nearest neighbor analysis 13.4.3 Second-order methods 13.4.4 Applications of second-order methods 13.5 Spatial autocorrelation 13.5.1 Introduction 13.5.2 The Classic Maya collapse 13.5.3 Spatial patterns among blood types 13.6 Shape analysis 13.6.1 Introduction 13.6.2 Post-hole patterns 33.6.3 Comparing shapes 14 Bayesian methods 14.1 Bayes’theorem 14.2 Bayesian inference in archaeology ֊ an overview 14.3 Bayesian inference in archaeology - examples 14.3.1 Estimating proportions 131 131 13 5 136 136 139 140 140 143 143 144 144 145 147 147 148 148 148 153 154 154 155 155 157 159 159 160 162 163 163 165 166 168 169 169 169 172 173 173 173 175 176 176 178 179 179
Contents vii 14.3.2 Bayesian clustering 14.3.3 A miscellany 14.4 Discussion 182 185 186 15 Absolute dating - radiocarbon calibration 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Combining dates 15.2.1 Theory 15.2.2 Application 15.3 Some Bayesian solutions 15.3.1 Calibration of a single date 15.3.2 Multiple dates ֊ single phase 15.3.3 Multiple dates ֊ ordered 15.3.4 Multiple dates - multiple phases 15.3.5 Prior assumptions 15.4 Other applications 15.4.1 Outlier detection 15.4.2 Sample selection 187 187 189 189 190 191 191 192 193 194 196 198 198 198 16 Relative dating - sériation 16.1 Introduction 16.2 A brief review 16.3 Practical sériation 16.3.1 Similarity matrices 16.3.2 Correspondence analysis and MDS 16.3.3 Bayesian methods 16.4 Archaeological considerations 200 200 202 203 203 204 207 207 17 Quantification 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Quantification of vertebrate faunal remains 17.2.1 Simple approaches to quantification 17.2.2 Models - the Lincoln/Peterson index 17.2.3 Maximum likelihood estimation of bone counts 17.3 Pottery quantification 17.3.1 Introduction 17.3.2 Simple measures and estimated vessel equivalents 17.3.3 Pottery information equivalents 17.4 Other find types and the pie-slice approach 17.4.1 Bone 17.4.2 Glass 17.4.3 Stone tools 210 210 211 211 212 213 215 215 216 217 219 219 220 221 18 Lead isotope analysis 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Statistical issues 18.2.1 Data transformation 18.2.2 Outliers 222 222 223 223 224
viii Contents 18.2.3 Normality 18.2.4 Sample size 18.3 Conclusion 19 The megalithic yard 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Models for the megalithic yard 19.2.1 The basic model 19.2.2 Broadbent’s method 19.2.3 Kendall’s method 19.2.4 Freeman’s method 19.3 Discussion 20 Comparing assemblage diversity 20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 Introduction Diversity Regression and the sample-size effect Simulation and the sample-size effect Resampling approaches 21 Shorter studies 21.1 21.2 21.3 21.4 Introduction Artifact classification Age estimation Particle-size analysis Appendix ֊Web resources A.l S-PlusandR A.2 Other resources 224 226 227 228 228 230 230 230 231 233 234 236 236 236 238 240 243 244 244 244 245 246 248 248 249 References 251 Index 288
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| isbn | 9780470711132 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Baxter, Michael Verfasser aut Statistics in archaeology Michael Baxter (Reader in Archaeological Statistics at Nottingham Trent University, UK) Chichester Wiley [2003] XI, 292 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverzeichnis: Seite [251]-287 First published in Great Britain in 2003 by Hodder Arnold Archaeology - Statistical methods Archäologie Statistik Vor- und Frühgeschichte <Fach> Archäologie swd Statistik swd Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030896588&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Baxter, Michael Statistics in archaeology Archaeology - Statistical methods Archäologie Statistik Vor- und Frühgeschichte <Fach> Archäologie swd Statistik swd |
| title | Statistics in archaeology |
| title_auth | Statistics in archaeology |
| title_exact_search | Statistics in archaeology |
| title_full | Statistics in archaeology Michael Baxter (Reader in Archaeological Statistics at Nottingham Trent University, UK) |
| title_fullStr | Statistics in archaeology Michael Baxter (Reader in Archaeological Statistics at Nottingham Trent University, UK) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Statistics in archaeology Michael Baxter (Reader in Archaeological Statistics at Nottingham Trent University, UK) |
| title_short | Statistics in archaeology |
| title_sort | statistics in archaeology |
| topic | Archaeology - Statistical methods Archäologie Statistik Vor- und Frühgeschichte <Fach> Archäologie swd Statistik swd |
| topic_facet | Archaeology - Statistical methods Archäologie Statistik Vor- und Frühgeschichte <Fach> |
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