A critical introduction to the philosophy of language: central themes from Locke to Wittgenstein
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York ; London
Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
2019
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | x, 301 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781138339712 9781138339729 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS Acknowledgements Introduction: Logico-Semantics, Logical Positivism, and their Discontents 1 The Classical Empiricist Account of Meaning іΛ 1.2 1.3 1.4 The Inessentiality of Language 15 The ‘“Idea” Idea’ Ո The Primacy of the Naming Relation 19 The LinguisticTum, Anti-Psychologism, and the Primacy of the Sentence 24 1.5 Logical Analysis 26 2 Classical Empiricism and the Problem of the A Priori: Mill, Kant, and Frege 2.1 Some Background Distinctions: A Priori/A Posteriori, Analytic /Synthetic, Necessary / Contingent 30 2.2 Mill 32 2.3 Kant 35 2.4 Frege 40 2.5 Appendix: Russell’s Set-Theoretic Paradox 44 3 Frege’s Begriffsschrift 3.1 Logic and Its Limitations 50 3.2 Function and Argument 54
viii Contents 3.3 Predicates, Quantifiers and the Solution to the Problem of Multiple Generality 56 3.4 Sentence Connectives and the Solution to the Problem of a Unified Logical Notation 62 3.5 Identity 61 3.6 Appendix: Concordance between Frege’s Begriffsschrift Notation and the Kalisit /Montague/Mar Notation 68 4 Frege on Sense and Reference 4. 1 Three Semantic Puzzles for a Reference-Only (Extensionalist) Account of Meaning 7 1 4.2 The Sense /Reference Distinction 73 4.3 The Problems of Non-Referring Singular Terms and Identity Statements 16 4.4 The Problem of Belief Contexts 11 4.5 Problems with Frege’s Solution 84 4.6 Definite Descriptions and Some Further Consequences of Frege’s Sensе/Reference Distinction 86 5 Russell’s Theory of Descriptions 5.1 The Scope and Basic Strategy of the Theory of Descriptions 5.2 The Theory Applied to Definite Descriptions, Including Non-Referring Definite Descriptions 94 5.3 Four Key Features of Russell’s Analysis of Definite Descriptions 91 5.4 Russell’s Solutions to Some Semantic Puzzles 100 5.5 Russell’s Theory and Excluded Middle 103 5.6 Critical Discussion (I): Strawson 106 5.7 Critical Discussion (II): Donnellan 109 6 Kripke’s Causal Theory of Reference 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Core Features of Russell’s Ћгеогу 115 Three Key Problems for Russell’s Description Theory 117 The Cluster Theory and Its Analogous Problems 118 Kripke: Correct Descriptions are neither Necessary nor Sufficient for Names to Refer 121 6.5 The CausalTheory of Reference-Grounding and Reference-Borrowing 126 6.6 The Causal Theory’s Solution to theThree Problems 127 91
Contents !x 6.7 Rigid Designation and Necessary A Posteriori Propositions 6.8 Tire Distinction between Fixing the Reference and Giving the Meaning ІЗ í 6.9 The Contingency of ‘Hesperus is the evening star’vs. The Necessity of Hesperus is Phosphorus’ 132 6.10 Problems for Kripke’s View 135 Í28 7 Logical Positivism I: Ayer 7.1 Three Central Doctrines of Logical Positivism 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 140 140 143 Realist vs. Anti-Realist Accounts of Meaning Versions of the Verification Principle 145 The Problem of the A Priori (Again) 153 Questions Regarding Conventionalism About Necessity and Logic 158 162 8 Logical Positivism II: Carnap 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Conventionalism 162 Linguistic Frameworks 164 Internal vs. External Questions and Formal vs. Material Mode Metaphysics and Tolerance 172 The Status of Philosophy 174 9 Quine’s Critique of Positivism I: ‘Two Dogmas of Empiricism’ 178 9.1 ‘No Entity Without Identity’ 179 9.2 Two Different Conceptions of Synonymy: Definition and Substitution 181 9.3 Epistemic Holism and the Rejection of Meaning and Synonymy 9.4 Epistemic Holism and the Elimination of the Analytic/ Synthetic Distinction 187 9.5 Epistemic Holism and the Web of Belief 191 9.6 Epistemic Holism, Fallibilism, and the History of Science 194 10 Quine’s Critique of Positivism II: Anti-Conventionalism 10.1 Quine’s Problems with Conventionalism 200 10.2 Quine’s Pragmatic Account of Logic and Necessity 10.3 Problems with Quine’s Pragmatization of Logic: Dummett and Davidson 204 166 203 185 199
x Contents 11 Quine: Radical Translation and the Indeterminacy of Meaning 209 11.1 Occasion Sentences, Standing Sentences, Stimulus Meaning, and Stimulus Synonymy 210 11.2 The Argument for Indeterminacy: Holism and Behaviorism 213 11.3 First-Personal and Ontological Indeterminacy vs. Third-Personal and Epistemological Under-Determination 217 11.4 The Principle of Charity: Pragmatic or Constitutive 220 11.5 Some Problems with Charity and Logic 222 12 Later-Wittgenstein I: Ordinary Language Philosophy and the Critique of Ostensión 228 12.1 Ordinary Language Philosophy, Grammatical Investigations, and Language Games 228 12.2 The Critique of the Augustinián Picture:Hie Language Games of the Grocer and the Builders 230 12.3 Wittgenstein’s Critique of Ostensive Definition 238 13 Later-Wittgenstein П:Тһе Rule-Following Considerations 243 13.1 The Problem of Meaning-Skepticism 243 13.2 Algorithms and Dispositions 247 13.3 Kripke’s Interpretation of Wittgenstein: Community Dispositionalism and the ‘Skeptical Solution’ 252 13.4 Textual Evidence For and Against Kripke’s Interpretation of Wittgenstein 260 13.5 Normatively Rich Practices: Sociality 262 13.6 Normatively Rich Practices: Contextualism and Fallibilism 266 14 Later-Wittgenstein ПІ: The Private Language Argument 14.1 The Relation between the Rule-Following Discussion and the Private Language Argument 276 14.2 The ‘Independent Check’Argument 278 14.3 The Independent Check Argument Evaluated: Ayer’s Objection and Kripke’s Footnote 47 282 14.4 The Grammatical Status ofTwo Statements of Privacy 285 14.5 Hie Expressive (Not
Descriptive) Grammar of Sensation Talk 14.6 Wittgenstein and Behaviorism 291 Index 276 288 295
A Critical Introduction to Philosophy of Language is a historically oriented introduction to the central themes in philosophy of language. Its narrative arc covers Locke s idea theory, Mill s empiricist account of math and logic, Frege and Russell s development of modern logic and its subsequent deployment in their pioneering program of logical analysis , Ayer and Carnap s logical positivism, Quine s critique of logical positivism and elaboration of a naturalist-behaviorist approach to meaning, and later-Wittgenstein s ordinary language philosophy -inspired rejection of the project of logical analysis. Thus, it historically situates the two central programs in early twentieth century English-speaking philosophy - logical analysis and logical positivism ֊ and discusses the central critiques they face later in the century in the works of Quine and the later-Wittgenstein. Unlike other secondary studies in philosophy of language, A Critical Introduction to Philosophy of Language is not just a greatest hits album , i.e., a discontinuous compilation in which classics in the field are presented together with their standard criticisms one after the other. Instead, Fennell develops a particular, historical-thematic narrative in which the figures and ideas he treats are introduced in highly intentional ways, and by cross-referencing them throughout his discussions, he highlights the contributions they make to the narrative they comprise. John Fennell is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Grinnell College in Grinnell, Iowa
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| title | A critical introduction to the philosophy of language central themes from Locke to Wittgenstein |
| title_auth | A critical introduction to the philosophy of language central themes from Locke to Wittgenstein |
| title_exact_search | A critical introduction to the philosophy of language central themes from Locke to Wittgenstein |
| title_full | A critical introduction to the philosophy of language central themes from Locke to Wittgenstein John Fennell |
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| title_short | A critical introduction to the philosophy of language |
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