Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989: creating stability in a time of uncertainty
The 2014 Ukrainian-Crimean crisis has raised serious questions in the West about Russian motivations and future policy directions. Now more than ever, it is imperative to explore the defensive perceptions, reactions, and preparations of neighbouring countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, an...
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| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Manchester
Manchester University Press
2019
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | The 2014 Ukrainian-Crimean crisis has raised serious questions in the West about Russian motivations and future policy directions. Now more than ever, it is imperative to explore the defensive perceptions, reactions, and preparations of neighbouring countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. Is there a convergence of their approaches along similar paths, or do their different cultures and historical experiences prefigure a divergence of their defense policies? While Slovakia, Hungary and Czech Republic all seem to have little concern about Russia's policies in Ukraine, the Polish response has been uniquely strong and militarized. This book will explore reasons for the different responses to the crisis. -- |
| Beschreibung: | 184 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781526110428 1526110423 |
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| adam_text | Contents
List of tables page vi
Acknowledgements vii
List of abbreviations and acronyms viii
Introduction and overview 1
1 Theoretical framework: liberalism, realism, and
constructivism 8
2 Empires and peripheries: security and defense realities of East-
Central Europe 14
3 Communism and late communism: from forced convergence
to divergence 46
4 The Czech Republic: a reluctant ally 67
5 Hungary: imperial legacies and post-imperial realities 83
6 Poland: return to the West? 105
7 Slovakia: politics from the periphery 140
8 Recapitulation: from convergence to divergence and back? 150
References 162
Index 175
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Index
Afghanistan 12, 67, 70, 72, 74, 76,
79-81, 93, 112, 116-17, 119-20,
126, 145, 147, 151, 153
Afghan operations 119, 126
Albania 76, 116, 147
alliance game 90, 101
alliance politics 124,126
allies 30, 32, 37, 49, 57, 67-8, 71, 76, 97,
103, 112-13, 126, 130, 149
reliable NATO 75
American-led invasion 80, 148
American-led operations in Afghanistan
and Iraq 6
American missile shield 123
Andropov, Yuri (Soviet leader) 49
Adropov’s protégé Mikhail Gorbachev
60
APCs (armored personnel carriers) 54-5,
120
armed resistance 18, 41, 50, 52-3,
150
Armia Krajowa (Polish Home Army in
WWII) 40
armored personnel carriers see APCs
Asia 62, 158
pivot to 125
Atlantic Alliance 69, 118, 136
Atlanticists 117, 123
Austria 2, 17-18, 21-2, 24, 58, 65
Austria-Hungary 25-6, 29, 33
Austrians 22, 25, 77, 141
Austro-Hungarian Empire 19, 24, 26,
142
authoritarianism 23
chaotic authoritarian regimes
107
authoritarian rulers 93
Azerbaijan 116, 134
Baghdad 81,148, 156
Balkan Civil Wars 76
Baltic countries 34, 113, 130, 153
Baltics 34-5, 121, 130, 133, 156
Belarus 17-18, 33, 35, 88, 133
Benes, Vaclav 29-30
Black Sea 55, 155
Bohemia and Moravia 15-16, 20, 30, 37,
141-2
Bohemian Kingdom 16, 26
medieval 16
Border Chasseurs 95,103
borders 24, 53-4, 84, 90, 95, 100, 106,
136,155
open 159
Bosnia 6, 74, 76-7, 81, 90-1, 116, 140,
145-6
Bosnia-Herzegovina 67, 72, 75, 77,
154-5, 157
Bosnian tragedies 77
Bratislava 54, 68, 149
Brexit 101
Brezhnev, Leonid 53-6, 60
Brezhnev Doctrine 54, 59, 61
Budapest 2, 21, 27-8, 42, 45, 51, 101,
105, 108, 140-1
budget
annual MON 120
growing military procurement 58, 60
lowest defense budget in post-
communist Hungary 96
relative 88
budgetary allocations 8
budgetary constraints 108, 126
Bulgaria 34, 53-4, 69, 71, 116
Bulgarian Communist Party First
Secretary Zhivkov 55
Bulgarian troops 55
176
Index
capabilities 12, 31, 54, 61, 92, 94, 118,
144, 146, 154-5, 157
conventional 101
conventional warfare 97
deterrent 127
existing rapid response 157
inadequate deterrence 130
niche 80, 90, 92
rapid reaction 157
sustainable 97
unique 67
capacities
cyberwarfare 127
deterrent 129-30
niche 76
Carpathian basin 15-16
Catholic Church 2, 21, 36, 59
as institution 19
Catholic faith 30-1
Central Europe 3, 18, 34, 57, 82, 146,
148-9
Central Powers 24, 33
CFSP (Common Foreign and Security
Policy) 69, 118, 153
Charles IV (of Bohemia) 19, 26
coalition partners 160
Cold War 41, 67-71, 73, 75, 139, 161
Cold War period 62-3, 143
Common Foreign and Security Policy see
CFSP
Commonwealth, former 18, 32-3
communism 3, 8, 11, 25-6, 46, 48, 52,
57-60, 62, 107, 120, 129, 150-1
and late communism 46-7, 49, 51, 53,
55, 57, 59, 61, 63, 65
communist era/period 4, 6, 60-1, 67, 108,
151
communist legacies 61
communist militaries, late 58, 86
Communist Party 51-2, 59, 105,142
former ruling 102
Communist Poland 40-1, 46
communist regime 48, 50, 61
local 5
militarized 106
weakened 151
communists 31, 43-4, 46, 51, 68, 84,
107, 134, 141
constructivism 1, 8—9, 12, 151
continuities 46, 58, 161
convergence 7-8, 11, 57, 107, 148,
150-1, 153, 158, 161
between Visegrad four 6
forced 46, 150
increasing 149
institutional 151
themes of 81, 150
whirlpool of 153, 161
convergence tugs 81
convergent forces 161
cooperation 49, 63
bilateral 92
civil-military 97
economic 112
military-industrial 49
transatlantic 117
coordination 47, 49, 57
core states 10
counter-insurgency 99
Crimea 82, 97, 124, 151
annexation of 125
Croatia 75-6, 100, 113, 116, 146
Croats 23-4
CSDP (Common Security and Defense
Policy) 10, 69, 127, 154-5
CSDP framework 12
Czech accession 69, 140
Czech Armed Forces 73, 75
Czech Defence Strategy 158
Czech defense budget 143
Czech defense policy reforms 70
Czech Election 161
Czech Lands 15, 19-20, 68
Czech leaders 68, 82, 140
Czech Legion 20, 29, 68
Czech military 31, 71, 75, 77, 156
Czech military capabilities 71
Czech officers 77, 154
Czechoslovak Army 76, 80
Czechoslovak border 53, 55
Czechoslovak Communist Party 48, 54,
68
Czechoslovakia 2-5, 25-6, 30-1, 34, 36,
38, 46-53, 56-9, 63-4, 108, 142,
150-1
Czechoslovak military units 53
Czechoslovak state 16, 68, 140-1, 143
Czech participation 69, 75
Czech planners 75, 157
Czech President 29, 160-1
Czech Republic 8, 10-12, 18, 67, 69-73,
75-81, 113, 116, 123, 144, 149,
152-4, 156-8, 161
Index
177
Czechs 1-3, 16-22, 26, 28-31, 37-8,
68-70, 72-3, 75-82, 141-3, 145,
147, 149-50, 156-7, 160
Czechs and Slovaks 23, 26, 29-30, 37-8,
56, 151
Czech security 37, 68
Czech-Slovak joint battalion 78, 147
Czech soldiers 68, 76, 78-9, 81
Czech troops 70-2, 78-9
in Bosnia 77
Dayton Accord 75, 77, 154
defense, non-military 112
defense budgets 67, 72, 96, 110-11, 125,
135, 140, 153
defense capacities 47, 99
defense personnel 75, 87—8
defense policies
communist 46
institutionalized 100
neglected 83
post-communist 11, 61, 67, 84, 151
transformative 92
upsetting of 161
well-funded 83
defense policy choices 9
defense policy concept 63
defense policy divergence 10
defense preparedness 71—2, 74-5
defense strategies 112, 151
demilitarization 11, 51-2, 56-8, 61, 84,
130, 150
democracies emerging 8
democratic development 6, 112
Denmark 65, 113
deployments 12, 67, 70, 75, 93, 114, 117,
119, 123, 140, 145, 156-7
bilateral 111
critical 67
emergency border 103
expeditionary 109
international 92
deterrence 24, 70
development 19, 21, 27-8, 39, 47-8, 50,
69, 71, 77, 90, 98-9, 130-2, 141,
149,153-4
peaceful 118, 136
post-communist 134
socio-economic 141
dissent 54, 60
divergence 1, 3, 5, 7-11, 46, 57, 81, 130,
148-53, 156, 161
growing 6
long-term 5
post-communist 1
waterfall of 158, 161
Dmowski, Roman 32-4
doctrine 35, 53, 57, 62, 64, 93-4, 127,
136
Dual Monarchy 2, 19, 21, 23-5, 141
Dubcek, Alexander 55-6
East-Central Europe 1-2, 4-7, 9-10,
12-14, 16, 18, 20, 31, 34, 52, 54,
56, 58, 60-2, 63, 64, 104-6, 112-13,
123-4, 151, 160-1
countries of 12, 61, 150, 158
post-1989 9
Eastern Partnership Program 155
eastern policy 107, 112, 125
Eastern Slavonia 76, 146
Eastern Ukraine 124—5
East German Army 55
East Germany 53-5, 58, 66, 71
economic development 30-1
economic growth 52, 60, 135
economic paralysis 30
economic policy 104
elites 11, 35-6, 84, 108, 158
global 93
indigenous 15
intellectual 117, 125
right wing party 118
urban 16
empires 14-15, 17-21, 23-5, 27, 29, 31,
33, 35, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47-8, 142
communist 48
large multinational 2
modern 14
neighboring absolutist 17
partitioning 18, 32
encirclement 24, 35
encirclement dilemma 35
equipment 88, 93, 139
equipment procurement expenditure 135
ESDP (European Security and Defense
Policy) 69, 117-18, 143, 146
Estonia 17, 69, 113, 116
ethnic Hungarians 16, 90
EUFOR (European Union Force) 72
Europe 2, 10, 17, 19, 27, 29, 61, 69,
76, 106-7, 117, 129-30, 155-6,
158-9
European Council 156-7
178
Index
European External Action Service (EEAS)
154
European integration 98-9
Europeanization 143
European-NATO defense 125
European NATO Member States 94
European Neighborhood Policy (ENP)
156
European Security 118, 156
European Union Battle Groups 156
European Union Navel Force
Mediterranean 155
European unity 119
federation 141, 143, 150
Fico, Robert 139, 149, 160
FIDESZ 93-5, 102, 159
FIDESZ party program 26
First World War 1-3, 18, 24, 28, 30, 33,
36, 42-3, 52, 68, 141, 142
force contributions 92
force enlargement 129
force interoperability 135
force organization 124
forces combined 4, 55
Former Yugoslavia 12, 63, 76, 93, 146,
148
geopolitical fragility 18
France 26, 33-5, 38
Fukuyama, Francis 12-13
Gates, Robert 72
GDP defense spending goal 135
General Staff 83, 92, 129
geography 11, 134, 153
geopolitical positions 15
Georgia 113, 116, 130, 134, 153, 155
Germanic ally 36
Germans 16, 20-2, 32, 34-5, 37-40, 42,
44, 136
Germany 19, 31-7, 39^-0, 42-4, 52, 65,
68, 88, 106, 119, 159
revanchist 48, 50
globalization 99
Gorbachev, Mikhail 49, 60
Great War 3, 142
see also First World War
Habsburg Empire 21, 27, 31
Habsburg military 20, 29
Habsburgs 15-16, 19-23, 30
Hungarian allies 43
Hungarian Armed Forces 51, 94
Hungarian arms industry 103
Hungarian border 95
Hungarian cases 64, 151
Hungarian defense doctrine 101
Hungarian Defense Forces 88, 92
Hungarian defense personnel 88
Hungarian defense policies 93, 101, 161
Hungarian defense policy doctrine 98
Hungarian Empire 22, 26, 140-1
Hungarian Kingdom 15, 23-5
Hungarian membership in NATO 92
Hungarian military 25, 36, 51-2, 61, 64,
84, 87-8, 93-4, 96-7, 102
Hungarian minorities 10, 43, 84, 148
Hungarian National Military Strategy 157
Hungarian parts of Slovakia and Trans-
Carpathia 36
Hungarians 4-5, 15-18, 20-1, 23-7,
42-4, 51-2, 64, 83-6, 93, 95, 98-9,
102, 104, 108, 150
Hungarian Special Forces in Afghanistan
93
Hungary 2-4, 10-12, 14-15, 22-9, 34-8,
41-54, 56-8, 63-6, 83-6, 88-90,
92-104, 149-53, 155-7, 159-66
Hungary’s borders 24
Hungary’s defense budget 96
Hungary’s defense strategy 94
Hungary’s neighbors 42, 85, 92
Hungary’s solution for national security
90
Hus, Jan 2, 19, 31
Husak, Gustav 142
Hussite Wars 16
ideological criteria 100
ideology 1, 9, 16, 32, 62, 93, 101, 104,
139, 151
liberal-democratic 107
illegal migration and terrorism 156
immigrants 95, 160
immigration issue 100
imperial controls 4, 68
imperialism 23, 25, 105, 132
Implementation Force and SFOR 154
inadequacy of Hungarian defense 99
independence 2, 15, 23, 27, 30, 32, 35,
41, 101, 106, 144, 148
industries 31, 47, 103, 160
infrastructure 88, 96, 111
institutionalization 59, 86
Index
179
institutions 5, 19, 21, 49, 89, 98, 105,
151,161
autonomous 15
democratic 4
international 9, 101
oppressive 93
patriotic 60
religious 27
insurgents
armed Hungarian 51
irregular 52
intelligentsia 16, 23
interceptors 124
intermarium 34
international relations theory 1, 10
interwar Hungary 11, 36
interwar period 30, 83, 101, 150
invasion of Czechoslovakia (1968) 52,
57, 108
Iran 39, 123-4
Iraq 12, 67, 69-70, 72, 74, 80-1, 91-3,
111-13, 115-19, 136, 140, 145, 148,
151,156
post-2003 102, 134
Iraq War 76, 80
ISAF 91, 114, 116
ISIS 44, 72
Israel 11, 161
Italy 31, 34, 36, 39, 113
Jaruzelski, Wojciech 48, 59-60, 65, 66
Jews 32, 41
Jobbik 45, 93, 159
Justice Party 117, 123, 159
Kabul 80, 147
Kabul Airport 79, 147
Kaczynski, Jaroslaw 159
twin brother 126
Kajetanowicz, Jerzy 40, 47, 58, 115, 119,
122, 126
Kaliningrad oblast 10, 18
Kaplan, Robert 153
Kârolyi, Mihâly 24-5
Kassa 44
Katyn crime 39, 125
KFOR (Kosovo Force) 78-9, 81, 91, 147
KFOR operations 79, 146
Khrushchev, Nikita 50-1
King Matthias Corvinus 15
Kosovo 6, 67, 72, 74-8, 81, 90, 140,
145-7, 155
Kwasniewski, Aleksander (Polish
President 1995-2005) 112, 136
actions in support of Ukrainians’ revolt
121
late communism 46-7, 49, 51-3, 55,
57-9, 61, 63, 65
Latvia 17, 69, 116
Lavrov, Sergei 149
law 9, 60-1, 93, 102, 109, 111, 118, 126
international 94—5
Law and Justice party 117, 123, 159
leaders 50, 85, 160
legacies
imperial 83
important 150
nuanced historical 9
post-imperial 83
Lenin, Vladimir 68
liberal anti-militaristic policies 85
liberal democracies 9, 62, 66, 93, 106-7
liberal democratic principles 9
liberal development 98, 127, 133
liberal frameworks 12, 151
liberal internationalism 9, 84-5, 161
liberal internationalist democracy 90-3
liberal internationalist premises 103, 151
liberalism 1, 8-9, 12-13, 43, 61-2, 84-5,
93, 134, 151, 160
modern 106
pacifist 26
liberalization 61, 90
Lidice 37-8
Lithuania 17, 44, 69, 116
logistics 57, 90, 115
loyalty 2, 6, 33, 47, 50, 90, 124, 152
Macedonia 75-6, 116, 147
Macierewicz, Antoni 128, 139
Magyarization 24, 28
Magyar nobility 15, 30
Magyars 15, 27-8, 43, 141
Masaryk, Tomás 28-30, 141
Matica Slovenska 27-8
Mearsheimer, John 10
Meciar, Vladimir 143-4
members of alliances 29-30, 50, 53, 59,
69, 72, 74, 77, 85, 92, 98, 100,
124-5, 144, 151-7
membership in alliances 6, 69, 81, 86,
90, 95, 99, 112, 131, 135, 140, 144,
157-8
180
Index
Mi-24s 58, 102
Michnik, Adam 105
Middle Ages 14, 17, 41
Middle East 62, 76, 100, 140, 157
Mieroszewski, Juliusz 106-7, 133
military
communist 57-8, 60, 150
communist-era 51, 88
retired 109—10
Military Advisory Team 80
military alliances 39, 124, 154
military budgets 58, 65, 103, 109, 135,
138
increasing 119
shrinking 111
military doctrine 47, 50, 63-4, 124, 131
military equipment 49, 65, 149
military forces 38-9, 47, 53, 56, 58, 75-6,
95, 125, 129, 131, 148, 154
conventional 35
costly 108
military intervention 50, 60
militaryr mobilization 57
military operation 49, 54, 150
military personnel 47, 74, 76-7, 79, 128,
156
military stability 118, 136
Ministry of Defence of Hungary 153,
155-7
Ministry of Defence of Poland 154
Ministry of Defense
Czechoslovakia 73-4, 76-81
Hungary 86, 92
Poland 108, 135
Slovakia 143, 147—8
Ministry of Defense cadres 128
Ministry of Defense employees 74
missions
foreign 93, 119, 137
global 145
humanitarian 148
joint 153
multilateral deployment 97
multilateral overseas 119
multilateral peacekeeping 76, 94,
154-5
peace-monitoring 62
regional 75
modern history 42, 47, 136
modernization 92, 102, 109, 127, 135
Mohacs 15-16, 26
Moldova 116, 157
MON (Ministry of Defense, Poland)
108-9 120, 129-30
MON budget 109-10, 128
Moravia 15-16, 20, 30, 37, 141-2
Moscow 5, 19, 37, 47, 49, 51, 61, 68, 82,
112, 126, 149, 151
Mossor, Stefan 44-5, 63
MT1 84
Multinational Assistance Force Iraq 116
multinational brigade 78, 146
Munich 138, 56
Munich Agreement 68, 142
Muslims 14, 78, 159
Nagy, Imre 5, 51, 85
nationalisms 19, 23-4, 32-3, 44, 85, 93,
126, 158-9, 161
defensive 18
liberal 23, 32-3
nationalistic policies 143
nationalistic populism 62
nationalist movements 141, 158-60
nationalist populism 13, 133, 161
modern Hungarian 26
National Security Strategy
Hungary 85, 92, 97
Poland 111-12, 127, 130, 135-8
national sovereignty 23, 64
limited 23
National Training Mission in Baghdad
81
nation-building efforts 29
NATO 5-6, 8-9, 67-72, 84-6, 89-90, 92,
97-8, 100, 107-9, 111-12, 117-18,
127-9, 131-9, 142-6, 151-8
joining 8, 11-12, 140
membership in 70, 85-6, 90, 93, 98,
131-2, 135
NATO admission 74
NATO allies 125, 133
NATO bombing campaign 78, 146
NATO bombing campaign in Kosovo 75
NATO command 72, 147
NATO Defence Planning Process 157
NATO deployment in Bosnia-
Herzegovina 72
NATO-EU cooperation 157
NATO expectations 70, 77, 144
NATO-led International Security
Assistance Force 147
NATO-led operations 72, 76
NATO members 72, 74, 151
Index
(81
NATO membership 74, 89, 112, 140,
143, 148
NATO operations 75, 81, 112, 126, 153
NATO Response Force 70, 157
NATO Summit 69, 86
NATO Wales and Warsaw summits 133
Nazi Germany 18, 34-5, 42, 44
Nazis 31
Nazism 63, 150
neighbors 11, 24, 85, 107, 158
ethnic 26
irredentist 24
neo-realism 10
nobility, native 15-16
non-conventional threats 107, 112
norms
liberal 86
liberal-democratic 107
North Atlantic Council 64
nuclear weapons 65, 130
tactical 139
Obama Administration 123, 125, 149
Obama, Barack 10, 100
occupation 35, 39, 112
foreign 18
long-term 54
occupying forces 53
Oder-Neisse frontier 106
Onuf, Nicholas 12
Onyszkiewicz, Janusz 107, 117-18, 135
Operation Iraqi Freedom 111, 126, 148
operations 8, 13, 49, 54, 62, 65, 67, 70,
76, 80, 96-7, 111, 114, 154-7
anti-smuggling 155
expeditionary 92
first naval (Czech) 156
humanitarian 97
multilateral peacekeeping 62
non-combat 156
stabilization 118
Orban, Viktor 4, 12, 26, 93-7, 100-3,
159
order
liberal 13, 25
new liberal-democratic 108
traditional social 25
Organization for Security and
Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
69
Ottomans 15, 17, 27
Ouimet, Matthew J. 53
pan-Slavism 24
Paris 29
parliamentary elections 45, 93, 126, 128
partitions 2, 15, 17, 34, 105
partners, regional 6, 161
Partnership for Peace (PfP) 68
peacekeeping 62, 77, 90
Pecsvarady, Szabolcs 92, 102
pensions 88, 109, 111
Persian Gulf War 80, 117
PESCO 156-7
Pilsudski, Marshall Joseph 3, 33-4
pipeline, underwater gas 121
PiS (Law and justice Party, Poland)
117-18, 123, 126, 133, 139, 159-60
PiS Defense Concept 130
PiS party 127,134
PiS victory 128
PO (Citizens’ Platform Party, Poland)
117-19, 126-7, 130, 133, 160
Poland 1-3, 5-6, 8-12, 17-19, 32-6,
38-44, 46-51, 55-66, 105-9,
111-14, 116-21, 123-39, 148-56,
159-60
interwar 40, 106
Poland’s alliances 34
Poland’s Atlanticism 113, 118
Poland’s chief defense partners 133
Poland’s defense strategy 113
Poland’s independence 33, 106
Poland’s security 35, 112, 117, 136
Poland’s Security Strategy 118
Poles 2-3, 18-19, 39, 65, 150, 160
Polish Armed Forces 40, 61, 108—9, 111,
119, 121, 126-7, 129
Polish communist government 40, 59
Polish communist leadership 50, 59
Polish communist military 59, 63
Polish Crisis 48, 57-9
Polish defense budget 110, 120, 128,
134
Polish defense policies 107, 124, 126-7,
129-30, 133, 161
Polish deployment in Iraq 111, 119
Polish deployments 119, 126, 137
Polish exceptionalism 10, 113
Polish government 39, 119
Polish independence 33—4
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 33,
44
Polish military 5, 34-5, 40, 48, 54, 61,
63-5, 111, 119-20
182
Index
Polish Military Contingent Kosovo Force
(KFOR) 155
Polish military doctrine and war plans 44
Polish MON budget 110, 128
Polish nationalism 2, 32
Polish nobility 18, 23
Polish parliament 111, 120
Polish people 35, 51, 64
Polish policies 128, 130
Polish population 18, 41, 54, 59
Polish-Russian relations 17, 39
Polish Solidarity 48, 55, 59
Polish sovereignty 40—1, 108
Polish-Soviet war 33-4
Polish troops 128, 137, 139
political culture 4, 6, 16, 48, 60, 151-2
political development 4, 6-7, 9, 14, 23,
102, 126, 131, 152
political life 86, 102, 106, 148
political parties 6, 28-9, 95, 108, 118,
158-60
classical 158
competitive 86
political system 1, 5, 62, 93, 160
post-Cold War turmoil 62
post-communism 9, 62, 101-2, 108,
117-18, 134
Post-communist Hungary 83, 85, 88, 96
post-communist period 46, 51, 58, 62,
81, 85
power
balancing 117
executive 134
Prague 3, 20-2, 28, 30, 38, 54, 68-9, 141
Prague Castle 2, 19-20
Prague NATO Summit 69, 143-5
Prague Spring 68, 142
Pristina 78-9
procurement 49, 65, 88, 96, 103, 128
Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia 37,
141
Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs)
79
Prussia 17-18, 23
Putin, Vladimir 9, 19, 93, 112, 121
Ràkosi, Mâtyâs 47, 51
realism 1, 8-10, 12, 151, 153
hard-headed 32
nationalistic 62
rejection of militaristic 85
realist position 117, 126
Red Army 33, 38-9
refugees 5, 97, 140, 158-61
regime 43, 47, 50, 59-61
repression 50, 139
Republic of Hungary 85-6, 90, 92, 98-9,
101-3
Republic of Poland 127, 135-8
resistance 3, 18, 38, 40, 48, 59-60, 150,
159-60
massive civil-non-violent 56
popular 48
rhetoric 84-5, 95, 101, 130, 133, 152
role theory 1, 11
Romania 10, 14, 24-6, 34, 36-7, 64-5,
69, 83, 85, 113, 116, 124, 130, 133,
147
Romanians 2, 23-4
Royal Hungarian Armed Forces 42
Russia 7-8, 17-18, 24, 29, 32-3, 82, 97,
100-1, 106-7, 112-13, 121, 123-7,
133-4, 149, 152-3
Russian aggression 129, 132
Russian Army 29, 123
Russian energy 132
Russian hostilities 19, 112, 125
Russian influence 33, 105, 155
Russian neo-imperialism 124-5
Russian neo-imperial revival 113
Russian takeover 124, 151
Russian threat 1, 3, 6, 9-10, 12, 35,
127-8, 152
Russia’s debt 88
Ruthenians 24, 29
Rzeczypospolita 136, 138
Saab Gripen fighter-bombers 88, 120
Second World War 25, 30, 36-8, 40-4,
46-7, 52, 55, 62, 84, 106, 142, 150
security interests 10, 62
self-defense 90, 94, 104
self-sufficiency 35, 107, 131
Serbia 14, 24, 75, 85, 90, 100
Serbian incursions 76
Serbs 2, 23, 44, 76
Service in Afghanistan by Czech soldiers
79
SFOR (Stabilization Force) 77, 91,
113-14, 117, 154
Sinatra doctrine 61
Slovak areas 27, 141-2
Slovak Armed Forces 37, 145
Slovak alliance contributions 146-7
Index
183
Slovak defense expenditures 30, 141,
143-4
Slovakia 8, 10-12, 14, 18, 23, 35-7, 67,
69, 83, 85, 108, 113, 116, 140-9,
152
Slovak National Council 27, 30
Slovak People’s Party 29, 31
Slovak President 149, 160
Slovak Republic 37, 102, 147-8, 153, 161
First 141
Slovaks 2-3, 14, 22-4, 26-31, 37-8, 56,
68, 78, 108, 130, 141-4, 146-51
Slovak troops 143, 145, 147—8
Slovenia 69, 116
small states 10—11
Smolensk 39, 125
soldiers 29, 34-5, 38, 40, 44, 46-7, 61,
63-5, 77-8, 80, 100, 103-4, 146,
148, 154-6
combat 53
contract 87
retired 88
Somalia, missions in 155-6
South Ossetia 123, 155
sovereignty 42, 49
Soviet aggression 34, 64, 124, 133
Soviet Army 40, 42
Soviet Bloc 49-50, 52, 59
Soviet control 5, 50, 64
Soviet Empire 36, 46, 48, 58, 61-2, 106
Soviet forces 40, 64—5
Soviet imperial system 49, 62
Soviet invasion 5, 59, 64, 66
Czechoslovakia 1968 64
Poland 1939 35
Soviet leaders 39, 51, 53, 57, 68
Soviet leadership 53-6, 59-60, 64
Soviet military 5, 56
Soviet military officers 47, 53
Soviet troops 51, 53, 55, 71, 85, 105
Soviet Union 8, 18, 33-5, 37-9, 41-2,
49-52, 54, 57, 60, 65, 71, 82, 105,
107, 142
Special Forces Group 79, 156
spending, real 88, 96, 111
Stalin, Joseph 39, 44, 47, 51
Stalinism 46, 48
high 46-7, 57, 150
Stalinist militarization 47, 84
states
frontline 124
homogenous 41
independent 30, 141
multi-national 28
puppet 68
successor 56, 82
Strategia Bezpieczeristwa Narodowego
Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej 135-8
strategic cultures 11—13,15,18, 23, 26,41,
43, 50, 52, 56, 68-9, 85,152-3, 161
strategic dilemmas 24-5, 35, 41, 84-5
strategic thought 32, 105
strategy 35, 85, 94, 98-9, 108, 118,
127- 8, 131-2, 136, 149
system
institutionalized hierarchical 62
multilateral 34
T-72 tanks 58, 81, 88, 102
tanks 54-5, 61
territorial defense forces 57-8, 61, 96,
128- 9
territorial defenses 64, 70, 99, 119, 121,
126-7, 132-3
conventional 125-6
unilateral 94
territories
ex-German 41
pre-war Hungarian 25
recovered 41
terrorism 70, 101, 112, 131, 146
threat perception 152
threats
continual 8
conventional 92, 98-9, 112, 124, 125,
152
hybrid 132
perceived 10
Tibor 24
Trans-Carpathia 36-7, 44
treaty 4, 15, 24, 37, 49, 54, 63, 102, 106,
132, 154
Treaty, Paris 43, 47
Trianon 4, 15, 36, 43
Trump, Donald J. 68, 100-1, 133, 149,
161
Tschetschen Silesia 44
Tusk, Donald 127
UK 34-5, 37, 46, 78, 113, 147, 156,
158-9
Ukraine 14, 17-18, 33, 35, 63, 67, 83,
85, 112, 116, 121, 123, 125, 133,
138
J 84
Index
Ukraine’s minority rights violations 97
Ukraine’s sovereignty 97
Ukrainian Crisis 8-10, 67, 96-7, 100,
124, 126, 149, 151
Ukrainian elections 121, 138
Ukrainian independence 121
Ukrainians 2, 33, 41, 95
United Nations Protection Force 76, 146
US 10, 35, 37, 41, 52, 62, 64-5, 72, 89,
112-13,117-19, 121, 123-4, 126,
131-2
US and NATO-led operations 76
US direct commitment 123, 133
US European Command 101
US hegemony 10
US-led invasion and occupation of Iraq
112
US-led Operation Enduring Freedom
147
US President 123, 133
US support 41, 113
Velvet Divorce 142
Vienna 2-3, 19-21, 25, 27, 30, 68
Visegrad 1, 83, 108, 161
Visegrad countries 1, 5-6, 10, 18, 58, 61,
86, 113, 125, 130, 133
Visegrad countries’ defense policies 152
Visegrad defense community 7
Visegrad Group 2, 9, 81
Visegrad nations 6, 149
Visegrad neighbors 125, 133
Vitkov Hill 20, 22
Walesa, Lech 59, 106, 108, 135
war
border 37, 44
classical 127
conventional 127
hybrid 125
phony 34
post-Cold 144, 161
warfare
asymmetrical 125
coalitional expeditionary counter-
insurgency 57, 119
hybrid 127, 132
insurgency 43
non-conventional 32
open inter-state 125, 132
war on terror 63, 90, 113, 116, 124,
151
Warsaw 33, 40, 49-50, 63, 112, 157
Warsaw Pact 5, 38, 48-52, 56, 58, 64-5,
68-9, 84-5, 105, 150
Warsaw Uprising 40-1
Western allies 12, 34, 40, 42, 79, 148
Western Balkans 6, 97
Western betrayal 16, 36, 44, 52
Western European world 15
Western institutions 67, 151
Western military alliance 146, 153
Western powers 26, 35, 142
Western sanctions 60, 82, 149
Western security community 5, 62, 112
White Mountain 2, 16, 20, 22
battle of 16, 19-20, 22, 68
Wilson, Woodrow 3
liberal internationalist 12, 84
World War I see First World War
World War II see Second World War
WTO (Warsaw Treaty Organization) 5, 8,
52-3, 67, 71, 142
Yanukovich, Viktor 123, 125
Yugoslavia 26, 34, 36-7, 47, 64, 75, 92,
142
Zeman, Milos 160—1
Zychowicz, Piotr 41-2, 44
, , » »v
Bayerisch«
Staatsbibliothek
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Peterson, James W. 1945- Lubecki, Jacek |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1067218300 (DE-588)1183014627 |
| author_facet | Peterson, James W. 1945- Lubecki, Jacek |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Peterson, James W. 1945- |
| author_variant | j w p jw jwp j l jl |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045419760 |
| classification_rvk | MG 80940 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1086273539 (DE-599)BVBBV045419760 |
| discipline | Politologie |
| era | Geschichte 1989- gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1989- |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>03295nam a2200517 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV045419760</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20190411 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">190122s2019 |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781526110428</subfield><subfield code="c">hardback</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-5261-1042-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1526110423</subfield><subfield code="c">hardback</subfield><subfield code="9">1-5261-1042-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1086273539</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV045419760</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-188</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">MG 80940</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)122863:12226</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Peterson, James W.</subfield><subfield code="d">1945-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1067218300</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989</subfield><subfield code="b">creating stability in a time of uncertainty</subfield><subfield code="c">James W. Peterson and Jacek Lubecki</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Manchester</subfield><subfield code="b">Manchester University Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2019</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">184 Seiten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The 2014 Ukrainian-Crimean crisis has raised serious questions in the West about Russian motivations and future policy directions. Now more than ever, it is imperative to explore the defensive perceptions, reactions, and preparations of neighbouring countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. Is there a convergence of their approaches along similar paths, or do their different cultures and historical experiences prefigure a divergence of their defense policies? While Slovakia, Hungary and Czech Republic all seem to have little concern about Russia's policies in Ukraine, the Polish response has been uniquely strong and militarized. 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| geographic | Ostmitteleuropa (DE-588)4075753-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Ostmitteleuropa |
| id | DE-604.BV045419760 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:17:38Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781526110428 1526110423 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030805660 |
| oclc_num | 1086273539 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-188 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-188 DE-12 |
| physical | 184 Seiten |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Manchester University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Peterson, James W. 1945- Verfasser (DE-588)1067218300 aut Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty James W. Peterson and Jacek Lubecki Manchester Manchester University Press 2019 184 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier The 2014 Ukrainian-Crimean crisis has raised serious questions in the West about Russian motivations and future policy directions. Now more than ever, it is imperative to explore the defensive perceptions, reactions, and preparations of neighbouring countries, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia. Is there a convergence of their approaches along similar paths, or do their different cultures and historical experiences prefigure a divergence of their defense policies? While Slovakia, Hungary and Czech Republic all seem to have little concern about Russia's policies in Ukraine, the Polish response has been uniquely strong and militarized. This book will explore reasons for the different responses to the crisis. -- Geschichte 1989- gnd rswk-swf Sicherheitspolitik (DE-588)4116489-1 gnd rswk-swf Ostmitteleuropa (DE-588)4075753-5 gnd rswk-swf Ostmitteleuropa (DE-588)4075753-5 g Sicherheitspolitik (DE-588)4116489-1 s Geschichte 1989- z DE-604 Lubecki, Jacek Verfasser (DE-588)1183014627 aut Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030805660&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030805660&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030805660&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Peterson, James W. 1945- Lubecki, Jacek Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty Sicherheitspolitik (DE-588)4116489-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4116489-1 (DE-588)4075753-5 |
| title | Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty |
| title_auth | Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty |
| title_exact_search | Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty |
| title_full | Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty James W. Peterson and Jacek Lubecki |
| title_fullStr | Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty James W. Peterson and Jacek Lubecki |
| title_full_unstemmed | Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty James W. Peterson and Jacek Lubecki |
| title_short | Defense policies of East-Central European countries after 1989 |
| title_sort | defense policies of east central european countries after 1989 creating stability in a time of uncertainty |
| title_sub | creating stability in a time of uncertainty |
| topic | Sicherheitspolitik (DE-588)4116489-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sicherheitspolitik Ostmitteleuropa |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030805660&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030805660&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030805660&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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