Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge
Cambridge University Press
2019
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xix, 437 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781107043787 9781107619074 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling |c Gordon Bonan, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado |
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge |b Cambridge University Press |c 2019 | |
| 300 | |a xix, 437 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Biotic communities |x Mathematical models | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ecology |x Mathematical models | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Climatic changes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Global environmental change | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Modellierung |0 (DE-588)4170297-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Terrestrisches Ökosystem |0 (DE-588)4309007-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Mathematisches Modell |0 (DE-588)4114528-8 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Klimaänderung |0 (DE-588)4164199-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Terrestrisches Ökosystem |0 (DE-588)4309007-2 |D s |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030761762 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804179222033334272 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Climate Change and Terrestrial
Ecosystem Modeling
Gordon Bonan
National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado
Cambridge
university press
Contents
Preface page xiii
List of Mathematical Symbols xv
I Terrestrial Biosphere Models I
Chapter Overview 1
1 1 Introduction 1
1 2 The Ecological Ecosystem 4
1 3 The Atmospheric Ecosystem 8
1 4 The Hydrological Ecosystem 12
1 5 One Biosphere 13
1 6 Common Language 14
1 7 Constructing a Terrestrial Biosphere Model 16
1 8 The Goals of Modeling 20
1 9 Complexity and Uncertainty 20
1 10 Intent of the Book 23
2 Quantitative Description of Ecosystems 25
Chapter Overview 25
2 1 Leaf Area Index 25
2 2 Leaf Angle Distribution 28
2 3 Leaf Mass per Area 32
2 4 Canopy Nitrogen Profile 33
2 5 Root Profile 34
2 6 Ecosystem Structure 36
2 7 Supplemental Programs 39
3 Fundamentals of Energy and Mass Transfer 40
Chapter Overview 40
3 1 Heat Storage 40
3 2 Radiation 41
3 3 Conduction 43
3 4 Molecular Diffusion 43
3 5 Gas Relationships 44
3 6 Atmospheric Humidity 46
3 7 Diffusive Flux Equations 48
3 8 Conductance and Resistance Networks 50
3 9 Chapter Appendix - Diffusive Flux Notation 51
4 Mathematical Formulation of Biological Flux Rates 53
Chapter Overview 53
4 1 Michaelis-Menten Equation 53
4 2 Arrhenius Equation 54
viii CONTENTS
4 3 Rate Modifiers 55
4 4 First-Order, Linear Differential Equations 59
4 5 Optimality Theory 60
5 Soil Temperature 64
Chapter Overview
5 1 Introduction
5 2 Transient, One-Dimensional Heat Conduction
5 3 Numerical Implementation
5 4 Soil Thermal Properties
5 5 Diurnal and Annual Cycles
5 6 Phase Change
5 7 Supplemental Programs
5 8 Modeling Projects
6 Turbulent Fluxes and Scalar Profiles in the Surface Layer 80
Chapter Overview
6 1 Introduction
6 2 Turbulent Fluxes
6 3 Gradient-Diffusion Theory
6 4 Logarithmic Profiles
6 5 Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory
6 6 Aerodynamic Conductances
6 7 Roughness Length
6 8 Roughness Sublayer
6 9 Supplemental Programs
6 10 Modeling Projects
7 Surface Energy Fluxes 101
Chapter Overview
7 1 Introduction
7 2 Energy Balance
7 3 Surface Temperature
74A Bucket Model Hydrologic Cycle
7 5 Soil Evaporation
7 6 Penman-Monteith Equation
7 7 Chapter Appendix: Snowmelt
7 8 Supplemental Programs
7 9 Modeling Projects
8 Soil Moisture 115
Chapter Overview
8 1 Introduction
8 2 Measures of Soil Moisture
8 3 Matric Potential and Hydraulic Conductivity
8 4 Richards Equation
8 5 Finite Difference Approximation
CONTENTS ix
8 6 Iterative Numerical Solutions
8 7 Infiltration
8 8 Source and Sink Terms
8 9 Soil Heterogeneity
8 10 Supplemental Programs
8 11 Modeling Projects
9 Hydrologic Scaling and Spatial Heterogeneity 134
Chapter Overview
9 1 Introduction
9 2 Infiltration
9 3 Runoff
9 4 Evapotranspiration
9 5 Snow Cover
9 6 Subgrid Tiling
9 7 Supplemental Programs
9 8 Modeling Projects
10 Leaf Temperature and Energy Fluxes 152
Chapter Overview
10 1 Introduction
10 2 Leaf Energy Balance
10 3 Leaf Temperature
10 4 Leaf Boundaiy Layer
10 5 Characteristic Leaf Dimension
10 6 Energy Budget Examples
10 7 Supplemental Programs
10 8 Modeling Projects
11 Leaf Photosynthesis 167
Chapter Overview
11 1 C3 Photosynthesis
11 2 Parameter Values and Temperature Dependencies
11 3 Photosynthetic Response to Environmental Factors
11 4 Use of Vcmax in Models
11 5 The Kull and Kruijt (1998) Model
11 6 Temperature Acclimation
11 7 C4 Photosynthesis
11 8 Diffusive Limitations on CO2 Supply
11 9 Supplemental Programs
11 10 Modeling Projects
12 Stomatai Conductance 189
Chapter Overview 189
12 1 Introduction 189
12 2 Empirical Multiplicative Models 191
12 3 Semiempirical Photosynthesis-Based Models 193
X CONTENTS
12 4 Solution Techniques 195
12 5 Stomatai Response to Environmental Factors 199
12 6 Optimality Theory 202
12 7 Soil Moisture Stress 210
12 8 Chapter Appendix - Cubic Equation for An 211
12 9 Supplemental Programs 212
12 10 Modeling Projects 212
13 Plant Hydraulics 213
Chapter Overview 213
13 1 Introduction 213
13 2 Plant Water Uptake and Leaf Water Potential 214
13 3 Plant Hydraulics and Stomatai Conductance 218
13 4 The Soil-Plant-Atmosphere (SPA) Model 219
13 5 Soil-to-Root Conductance 221
13 6 Stem Conductivity 224
13 7 Multi-Node Models 225
13 8 Supplemental Programs 226
13 9 Modeling Projects 227
14 Radiative Transfer 228
Chapter Overview 228
14 1 Introduction 228
14 2 Leaf Optical Properties 229
14 3 Light Transmission without Scattering 230
14 4 Direct Beam Extinction Coefficient 235
14 5 Diffuse Transmittance 239
14 6 The Norman (1979) Model 241
14 7 The Goudriaan and van Laar (1994) Model 246
14 8 The Two-Stream Approximation 250
14 9 Surface Albedo 255
14 10 Longwave Radiation 255
14 11 Supplemental Programs 259
14 12 Modeling Projects 259
15 Plant Canopies 260
Chapter Overview 260
15 1 Introduction 260
15 2 Big-Leaf Models 261
15 3 Dual-Source Models 266
15 4 Multilayer Models 268
15 5 Canopy Hydrology 275
15 6 Optimality Theory 278
15 7 Modeling Projects 279
CONTENTS xi
16 Scalar Canopy Profiles 280
Chapter Overview
16 1 Introduction
16 2 Wind Profile
16 3 Scalar Continuity Equation
16 4 Aerodynamic Conductance
16 5 Scalar Concentration Profiles
16 6 An Implicit Flux-Profile Solution
16 7 Localized Near-Field Theory
16 8 Chapter Appendix - Terms in Table 16 1
16 9 Supplemental Programs
16 10 Modeling Projects
17 Biogeochemical Models 301
Chapter Overview
17 1 Introduction
17 2 Model Structure
17 3 Generalized Matrix Form
17 4 Allocation and Turnover
17 5 Leaf Phenology
17 6 Nitrogen Cycle
17 7 Disturbance
17 8 Supplemental Programs
17 9 Modeling Projects
309
18 Soil Biogeochemistry 322
Chapter Overview
18 1 Introduction
18 2 Exponential Decay
18 3 Rate Constants
18 4 Litter Cohort Models
18 5 Discrete Pool Models
18 6 Model Frontiers
18 7 Supplemental Programs
18 8 Modeling Projects
19 Vegetation Demography 344
Chapter Overview
19 1 Introduction
19 2 Forest Gap Models
19 3 Area-Based Dynamic Global Vegetation Models
19 4 Cohort-Based Ecosystem Demography Models
19 5 Chapter Appendix: LPJ Allocation
19 6 Chapter Appendix: ED Allocation
xii CONTENTS
20 Canopy Chemistry 365
Chapter Overview 365
20 1 Dry Deposition 365
20 2 BVOC Emissions 367
20 3 Dust Emissions 368
20 4 Wildfire Emissions 369
20 5 Reactive Nitrogen 369
20 6 Methane 371
20 7 Canopy-Chemistry Models 372
20 8 Stable Isotopes 373
Appendices 381
Table A I Basic and Derived Scientific Units 381
Table A 2 Metric Prefixes 381
Table A 3 Diffusivity at Standard Pressure and Temperature 381
Table A 4 Physical Constants 382
A Numerical Methods 383
References 391
Index 429
|
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Bonan, Gordon B. 1960- Verfasser (DE-588)1095137565 aut Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling Gordon Bonan, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2019 xix, 437 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Biotic communities Mathematical models Ecology Mathematical models Climatic changes Global environmental change Modellierung (DE-588)4170297-9 gnd rswk-swf Terrestrisches Ökosystem (DE-588)4309007-2 gnd rswk-swf Mathematisches Modell (DE-588)4114528-8 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd rswk-swf Terrestrisches Ökosystem (DE-588)4309007-2 s Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 s Modellierung (DE-588)4170297-9 s Mathematisches Modell (DE-588)4114528-8 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-107-33921-7 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030761762&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bonan, Gordon B. 1960- Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling Biotic communities Mathematical models Ecology Mathematical models Climatic changes Global environmental change Modellierung (DE-588)4170297-9 gnd Terrestrisches Ökosystem (DE-588)4309007-2 gnd Mathematisches Modell (DE-588)4114528-8 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4170297-9 (DE-588)4309007-2 (DE-588)4114528-8 (DE-588)4164199-1 |
| title | Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling |
| title_auth | Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling |
| title_exact_search | Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling |
| title_full | Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling Gordon Bonan, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado |
| title_fullStr | Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling Gordon Bonan, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado |
| title_full_unstemmed | Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling Gordon Bonan, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado |
| title_short | Climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling |
| title_sort | climate change and terrestrial ecosystem modeling |
| topic | Biotic communities Mathematical models Ecology Mathematical models Climatic changes Global environmental change Modellierung (DE-588)4170297-9 gnd Terrestrisches Ökosystem (DE-588)4309007-2 gnd Mathematisches Modell (DE-588)4114528-8 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biotic communities Mathematical models Ecology Mathematical models Climatic changes Global environmental change Modellierung Terrestrisches Ökosystem Mathematisches Modell Klimaänderung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030761762&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bonangordonb climatechangeandterrestrialecosystemmodeling |