Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation: fragile loyalties in World War II
Life in the 1930s and the limits of Stalinist civilization -- Hopes and fears: popular responses to the invasion -- Facing annihilation -- The ghost of hunger -- "More meat, milk, and bread than in the Stalinist kolkhoz": life in the de-collectivized village -- Religious revival and the Ps...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge ; New York, NY
Cambridge University Press
2018
|
| Ausgabe: | First published |
| Schriftenreihe: | New studies in European history
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | rezensiert in: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas / jgo.e-reviews, JGO 69 (2021), 3, S. 512-514 rezensiert in: sehepunkte 19 (2019), Nr. 12 Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | Life in the 1930s and the limits of Stalinist civilization -- Hopes and fears: popular responses to the invasion -- Facing annihilation -- The ghost of hunger -- "More meat, milk, and bread than in the Stalinist kolkhoz": life in the de-collectivized village -- Religious revival and the Pskov Orthodox mission -- Relating to German and Soviet power -- Hopes and fears, revisited: the end and aftermath of occupation -- Conclusion "In this compelling account of life and death in a Russian province under Nazi occupation, Johannes D. Enstad challenges received wisdom about Russian patriotism during World War II. With the benefit of hindsight, we know how hopelessly destructive Germany's war against the Soviet Union was. Yet ordinary Russians witnessing the advancing German forces saw things differently. For many of them, having lived through collectivization and Stalinist terror in the 1930s, the invasion created hopes of a better life without the Bolsheviks. German policies on land and church helped sustain those hopes for parts of the population. Drawing on Soviet and German archival sources as well as eyewitness accounts, memoirs, and diaries, Enstad demonstrates the impact of Nazi rule on the mostly peasant population of northwest Russia and offers a reconsideration of the relationship between the Soviet regime and its core Russian population at this crucial moment in their history."--Provided by publisher |
| Beschreibung: | xvii, 255 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781108421263 9781108431668 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV045309794 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20190513 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 181126s2018 a||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781108421263 |c hardback |9 978-1-108-42126-3 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781108431668 |c pbk. |9 978-1-108-43166-8 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1047854020 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)GBV1023208962 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-M352 |a DE-12 |a DE-Re13 |a DE-355 | ||
| 084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 084 | |a HIST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
| 084 | |a h 38.10 |2 ifzs | ||
| 084 | |a q 462 |2 ifzs | ||
| 084 | |a h 80 |2 ifzs | ||
| 084 | |a h 66.1 |2 ifzs | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Enstad, Johannes Due |d 1983- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1064910114 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation |b fragile loyalties in World War II |c Johannes Due Enstad, University of Oslo |
| 250 | |a First published | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge ; New York, NY |b Cambridge University Press |c 2018 | |
| 300 | |a xvii, 255 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Karten | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a New studies in European history | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Life in the 1930s and the limits of Stalinist civilization -- Hopes and fears: popular responses to the invasion -- Facing annihilation -- The ghost of hunger -- "More meat, milk, and bread than in the Stalinist kolkhoz": life in the de-collectivized village -- Religious revival and the Pskov Orthodox mission -- Relating to German and Soviet power -- Hopes and fears, revisited: the end and aftermath of occupation -- Conclusion | |
| 520 | 3 | |a "In this compelling account of life and death in a Russian province under Nazi occupation, Johannes D. Enstad challenges received wisdom about Russian patriotism during World War II. With the benefit of hindsight, we know how hopelessly destructive Germany's war against the Soviet Union was. Yet ordinary Russians witnessing the advancing German forces saw things differently. For many of them, having lived through collectivization and Stalinist terror in the 1930s, the invasion created hopes of a better life without the Bolsheviks. German policies on land and church helped sustain those hopes for parts of the population. Drawing on Soviet and German archival sources as well as eyewitness accounts, memoirs, and diaries, Enstad demonstrates the impact of Nazi rule on the mostly peasant population of northwest Russia and offers a reconsideration of the relationship between the Soviet regime and its core Russian population at this crucial moment in their history."--Provided by publisher | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1939-1945 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Besetzung |0 (DE-588)4006020-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Zweiter Weltkrieg |0 (DE-588)4079167-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Besatzungspolitik |0 (DE-588)4005975-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Deutschland |0 (DE-588)4011882-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 653 | |a Germany | ||
| 653 | |a Heer | ||
| 653 | |a History | ||
| 653 | |a World War, 1939-1945 | ||
| 653 | |a Germany | ||
| 653 | |a Heer | ||
| 653 | |a Soviet Union | ||
| 653 | |a History | ||
| 653 | |a German occupation, 1941-1944 | ||
| 653 | |a Soviet Union | ||
| 653 | |a Soviet Union, Northwestern | ||
| 653 | |a Peasants | ||
| 653 | |a Social conditions | ||
| 653 | |a Peasants | ||
| 653 | |a Social conditions | ||
| 653 | |a Soviet Union, Northwestern | ||
| 653 | |a World War, 1939-1945 | ||
| 653 | |a Soviet Union, Northwestern | ||
| 653 | 2 | |a Germany / Heer / History / World War, 1939-1945 | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Peasants / Soviet Union, Northwestern / Social conditions / 20th century | |
| 653 | 0 | |a World War, 1939-1945 / Soviet Union, Northwestern | |
| 653 | 2 | |a Soviet Union / History / German occupation, 1941-1944 | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Sowjetunion |0 (DE-588)4077548-3 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Deutschland |0 (DE-588)4011882-4 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Zweiter Weltkrieg |0 (DE-588)4079167-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Besetzung |0 (DE-588)4006020-2 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Besatzungspolitik |0 (DE-588)4005975-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 5 | |a Geschichte 1939-1945 |A z |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |u https://www.recensio.net/r/1b7330b61f5a4cc6abfec80551c99be3 |y rezensiert in: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas / jgo.e-reviews, JGO 69 (2021), 3, S. 512-514 |3 Rezension |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |u http://www.sehepunkte.de/2019/12/33084.html |y rezensiert in: sehepunkte 19 (2019), Nr. 12 |3 Rezension |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Literaturverzeichnis |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Register // Gemischte Register |
| 940 | 1 | |n DHB | |
| 940 | 1 | |n oe | |
| 940 | 1 | |q DHB_IFZ | |
| 940 | 1 | |q DHB_BSB_FID | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030696782 | ||
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 909 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 947.08 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 43 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 355.009 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 947.08 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 306.09 |e 22/bsb |f 09044 |g 947.08 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804179102389764096 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Figures page viii
List of Maps ix
List of Tables x
Acknowledgments xi
Note on Translation and Transliteration xiii
Chronology of Military Events xiv
Glossary and Abbreviations xvi
Introduction i
1 Life in the 1930s and the Limits of Stalinist Civilization 18
2 Hopes and Fears: Popular Responses to the Invasion 39
3 Facing Annihilation 60
4 The Ghost of Hunger 88
5 “More meat, milk, and bread than in the Stalinist kolkhoz :
Life in the Decollectivized Village 113
6 Religious Revival and the Pskov Orthodox Mission 137
7 Relating to German and Soviet Power 162
8 Hopes and Fears, Revisited: The End and
Aftermath of Occupation 201
Conclusion 221
Bibliography 228
Index 246
vii
Bibliography
ARCHIVAL SOURCES
Author’s Private Archive
Germanova, Mania. Diary transcripts (February 1942—January 1944)
Krasavina, Anna. Moia zhis. Unpublished memoir, 1984
Vinogradov Collection. Unpublished interview transcripts, 2008-2009
Bundesarchiv, BArch (Berlin)
NS 19 (Persönlicher Stab Reichsfiihrer SS)
R 6 (Reichsministerium fiir die besetzten Ostgebiete)
R 58 (Reichssicherheitshauptamt)
R 70-SOWJETUNION (Polizeidienststellen in eingegliederten und besetzten
Gebieten)
R 90 (Reichskommisar für das Ostland)
Bundesarchiv-Militärarchiv (BA-MA, Freiburg)
RH 19/III (Heeresgruppe Nord)
RH 20 (Armeen)
RH 22 (Befehlshaber rückwärtige Heeresgebiete)
RH 23 (Kommandanten rückwärtige Armeegebiete)
RH 24 (Generalkommandos)
RH 26 (Divisionen)
RW 31 (Wirtschaftsstab Ost)
Columbia University Rare Book Manuscript Library
Research Program on the USSR, Box 20
Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv noveishei istorii Novgorodskoi obiasti (GANINO)
fond 260 (Novgorodskii oblastnoi komitet KP RSFSR (1944—1991))
228
Bibliography
229
Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv noveishei istorii Pskovskoi oblasti (GANIPO)
fond 578 (Dnovskii raionnyi komitet VKP(b))
fond 894 (Porkhovskii raionnyi komitet VKP(b))
Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Novgorodskoi oblasti (GANO)
fond R-1793 (Novgorodskaia oblastnaia kommissia po uchetu ushcherba i
rassledovaniiu zlodeianii nemetsko-fashistskikh zakhvatchikov)
fond R-2113C (Kollektsiia dokumentov perioda okkupatsii Soletskogo raiona
nemetsko-fashistskimi zakhvatchikami)
fond R-3573 (Peresylnyi lager voennoplennykh No.no, g. Staraia Russa)
Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Pskovskoi oblasti (GAPO)
fond R-903 (Pskovskii oblastnoi sovet narodnykh deputatov)
fond R-1633 (Pskovskaia pravoslavnaia missiia)
fond R-1634 (Upravlenie Liadskogo raiona (1941—1944))
fond R-1644 (Pskovskaia nemetskaia garnizonnaia komendatura)
Leningradskii oblastnoi gosudarstvennyi arkhiv v gorode Vyborge (LOGAV)
fond R-3845 (Tikhvinskii raionnyi komissariat po voennym delam)
Politisches Archiv des Auswärtigen Amtes (PA AA)
Akten der VAA bei den Armeen (16. Armee, 18. Armee): R 60717, R 60719,
R 60720, R 60721, R 60722, R 60723, R 60724, R 60725, R 60726,
R 60768, R 60769
Tsentralnyi gosudarstvennyi arkhiv istoriko-politicheskikh dokumentov
Sankt-Peterburga (TsGAIPD SPb)
fond 0-116 (Leningradskii sh tab partizanskogo dvizheniia)
fond 0—1652 (Luzhskii raionnyi komitet VKP(b))
fond 0—4383 (Komissiia pri otdele propagandy i agitatsii Leningradskogo obkoma
VKP(b) po sboru i sistematizatsii materialov po partizanskomu dvizheniiu v
Leningradskoi oblasti)
fond 24 (Leningradskii oblastnoi komitet VKP(b))
US Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington (USHMM)
RG-22.002M (Extraordinary State Commission to Investigate German-Fascist
Crimes Committed on Soviet Territory from the USSR), reels 9, 16, 18
230
Bibliography
Online Archival Sources
“Akt chrezvychainoi komissii po ustanovleniiu i rassledovaniiu zlodeianii
nemetsko-fashistskikh zakhvatchikov v gorode Nevele i Nevelskom
raione,” December 21, 1944. https://perma.cc/U2G2-F64L
“Akt raionnoi komissii ob ushcherbe i zlodeianiiakh, prichinennykh nemetsko-
fashistskimi voiskami g. Opochka i Opochetskomu raionu,” November 29,
x 944. https://perma.cc/2E8Q-3TGQ
“Akt raionnoi komissii ob ushcherbe, zverstvakh i zlodeianiiakh nemetsko-
fashistskikx zakhvatchikov v gorode Porkhove i Porkhovskom raione,”
May 11, 1944. https://perma.cc/5KAP-SF6V
INTERVIEWS
Iremember.ru
Fedorov, Viktor Fedorovich. Interview by A. Petrovich. Iremember.ru transcript,
February 4, 2011. https://perma.cc/X6D7—77TB
Filatova, Ekaterina Nikitichna. Interview by A. Drabkin. Iremember.ru
transcript, February 21, 2007. https://perma.cc/228T-THRJ
Grigorev, Ivan Grigorevich. Interview by A. Drabkin. Iremember.ru transcript,
February 19, 2007. http://perma.cc/23UJ-FX8L
Larionov, Dmitrii Ilich. Interview by A. Drabkin. Iremember.ru transcript,
February 19, 2007. https://perma.cc/HGW7-RBHJ
Petrova, Tamara Petrovna. Interview by Iu. Trifonov. Iremember.ru transcript,
May 4, 2009. https://perma.cc/H9R4-DG38
Semenov, Petr Alekseevich. Interview by Ilia Vershinin. Iremember.ru transcript,
August 23, 2010. https://perma.cc/KG3M-AT43
University of Southern California (USC) Shoah Foundation
Galiaeva, Regina (b. 1934), September 28, 1997, interview code 36839
Genrikh, Iakov (b. 1931), November 19, 1995, interview code 6304
Grankovskaia, Roza (b. 1924), September 27, 1998, interview code 36434
Klein, Aleksandr (Rafail) Solomonovich (1922-2009), April 23, 1995, interview
code 2348
Kofman, Zinaida (b. 1929), March 21, 1998, interview code 42483
Koroleva, Galina (b. 1931), June 5, 1998, interview code: 46391
Leibovich, Vladimir (b. 1934), May 10, 1998, interview code: 44225
Masarskii, Leonid (b. 1927), November 2, 1996, interview code 22126
Nemizanskaia, Tatiana (b. 1924), April 20, 1995, interview code 2301
Nikolaeva, Tamara (b. 1922), July 11, 1998, interview code 45525
Turetskii-Vladimirov, Mikhail (b. 1926), January 25, 1995, interview code 64
NEWSPAPERS
Gazeta “Vesti” (St. Petersburg)
Gdovskaia pravda (Gdov)
Bibliography
231
Luzhskaia pravda (Luga)
Morskaia gazeta
Novgorodskie vedomosti (Velikii Novgorod)
Novyi Put (Riga)
Prizyv (Sebezh)
Pskovskaia gubemiia (Pskov)
Sankt-Peterburgskie vedomosti (St. Petersburg)
Shmiskie vesti (Shimsk)
Za rodinu (Pskov/Riga)
BOOKS AND ARTICLES
Alexeev, Wassilij, and Theofanis G. Stavrou. The Great Revival: The Russian
Orthodox Church under German Occupation. Minneapolis: Burgess
Publishing Company, 1976.
Alieva, L. “‘Poka vozderzhusf O nastroeniiakh krestianstva v period
provedeniia kollektivizatsii.” In Pskovskie khroniki. Istoriia kraia v
dokumentakh i issledovaniiakh (vyp. 4), edited by E. P. Ivanov,
M. M. Mednikov, and M. V. Kolesnichenko, 180—186. Pskov:
Izdatelskii Dom “Sterkh,” 2004.
Altman, Ilia. Zhertvy nenavisti: kholokost v SSSR, 1941—1945 gg. Moscow: Fond
“Kovcheg,” 2002.
Aly, Götz. Rasse und Klasse: Nachforschungen zum deutschen Wesen. Frankfurt:
S, Fischer, 2003.
Anisimov, Oieg. The German Occupation in Northern Russia during World War II:
Political and Administrative Aspects. New York: Research Program on the
USSR, 1954.
Arad, Yitzhak. “The Christian Churches and the Persecution of Jews in the
Occupied Territories of the U.S.S.R.” In The Holocaust and the Christian
World: Reflections on the Past, Challenges for the Future, edited by C. Rittner,
S. D. Smith, and I. Steinfeldt, 108-111. London: Kuperard, 2000.
The Holocaust in the Soviet Union. Lincoln/Jerusalem: University of Nebraska
Press/Yad Vashem, 2009.
Arkhangelskii, V. N. Semeinaia zhizn i tendentsii vosproizvodstva naseleniia v
Velikom Novgorode. Moscow, 2002.
Arkhipova, A. S., and Mikhail Melnichenko. Anekdoty 0 Staline: teksty,
kommentarii, issledovaniia. Moscow: Rossiiskii gosudarstvennyi
gumanitarnyi universitet: Obedinennoe gumanitarnoe izdatePstvo, 2010.
Astashkin, D. Iu. “Obraz nemetsko-fashistskikh okkupantov v poslevoennoi
novgorodskoi pechati.” Vestnik Novgorodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta
no. 52 (2009): 4-6.
Baberowski, Jörg. Der rote Terror: die Geschichte des Stalinismus. Munich:
Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 2003.
Verbrannte Erde: Stalins Herrschaft der Gewalt. Munich: C.H. Beck, 2012.
Bach, Dieter, and Wladlen Smirnow. Deutsche Spuren in einer russischen Stadt.
Wuppertal: Peter Hammer Verlag GmbH, 1997.
232 Bibliography
Baranova, Olga. “Nationalism, Anti-Bolshevism or the Will to Survive? Collaboration
in Belarus under the Nazi Occupation of 1941—1944.” European Review of
History: Revue Européenne d’Histoire 15, no. 2 (April 2008): 113—128.
Bauer, Raymond A., Alex Inkeles, and Clyde Kluckhohn. How the Soviet System
Works: Cultural Psychological Social Themes. New York: Vintage, 1961.
Beliakov, A. S. Leningradskaia Oblast: istoriia i sovremennost. St Petersburg: Liki
Rossii, 1996.
Benigsen, Georgii. “Khristos Pobeditel.” Vestnik russkogo khristianskogo dvizheniia
no. 168 (1993): 127—140.
Berkhoff, Karel C. “Was There a Religious Revival in Soviet Ukraine under the
Nazi Regime?” Slavonic and East European Review 78, no. 3 (2000):
536-567.
Harvest of Despair: Life and Death in Ukraine under Nazi Rule. Cambridge:
Belknap, 2004.
Motherland in Danger: Soviet Propaganda during World War II. Cambridge:
Harvard University Press, 2012.
Bernev, Stanislav. “Sudba sviatyni.” Ruspravoslavnaia no. 11—12 (2001). https://
perma.cc/3 2N 5-A3JV.
Bessonov, Nikolai. “Tsygane SSSR v okkupatsii. Strategii vyzhivaniia.” Holokost i
suchasnist’ 2, no. 6 (2009): 17-52.
Binner, Rolf, Bernd Bonwetsch, and Marc Junge, eds. Stalinismus in der
sowjetischen Provinz ip37—1938: die Massenaktion aufgrund des operativen
Befehls No. 00447• Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2010.
Bonwetsch, Bernd. “War as ‘Breathing Space : Soviet Intellectuals and the ‘Great
Patriotic War .” In The People’s War: Responses to World War II in the Soviet
Union, edited by Robert W. Thurston and Bernd Bonwetsch, 137—153.
Urbana/Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2000.
Boterbloem, Kees. Life and Death under Stalin: Kalinin Province, 1945—1953.
Montreal/London: McGill-Queen s University Press, 1999.
Brake!, Alexander. “The Relationship between Soviet Partisans and the Civilian
Population in Belorussia under German Occupation, 1941—4.” In War in a
Twilight World: Partisan and Anti-Partisan Warfare in Eastern Europe,
1939—45, edited by Juliette Pattinson and Ben Shepherd, 80—101.
Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
Brandenberger, David. National Bolshevism: Stalinist Mass Culture and the
Formation of Modem Russian National Identity, 1931—1956. Cambridge/
London: Harvard University Press, 2002.
Brandt, Karl, Otto Schiller, and Franz Ahlgrimm. Management of Agriculture and
Food in the German-Occupied and Other Areas of Fortress Europe: A Study in
Military Government. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1953.
Brook, Timothy. Collaboration: Japanese Agents and Local Elites in Wartime China.
Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2007.
Budnitskii, Oleg. “The Great Patriotic War and Soviet Society: Defeatism,
1941-42.” Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 15, no. 4
(2014): 767-797.
Bibliography 233
Chiari, Bernhard. Alltag hinter der Front: Besatzung Kollaboration und Widerstand
in Weissrussland ip4i-ip44. Düsseldorf: Droste Verlag, 1998.
“Grenzen deutscher Herrschaft. Voraussetzungen und Folgen der Besatzung in
der Sowjetunion.” In Das deutsche Kriegsgesellschafi ip3p bis ip4$:
Ausbeutung, Deutungen, Ausgrenzung, edited by Jörg Echternkamp, 9/2:
877-976. Das deutsche Reichund der Zweite Weltkrieg. München:
Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 2005.
Cohen, Laurie R. Smolensk under the Nazis. Rochester: Rochester University
Press, 2013.
Courtois, Stephane, Nicolas Werth, Jean-Louis Panne, Andrzej Paczkowski, Karel
Bartosek, and Jean-Louis Margolin. The Black Book of Communism: Crimes,
Terror, Repression. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999.
Dailin, Alexander. German Rule in Russia ip4i—ip4$: A Study of Occupation
Policies. London: Macmillan, 1957.
Dailin, Alexander, Ralph Mavrogordato, and Wilhelm Moll. “Partisan Psychological
Warfare and Popular Attitudes under the German Occupation.” In Soviet
Partisans in World War //, edited by John Armstrong, 197-337. Madison:
University of Wisconsin Press, 1964.
Danilov, V. P., Roberta T. Manning, and Lynne Viola, eds. Tragediia sovetskoi
derevni. Kollektivizatsiia i raskulachivanie: dokumenty i materialy v 5 tomakh,
ip2j—ip3p [T. 4: ip34—ipj6]. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2002.
Danilushkin, M. B. Istoriia Russkoipravoslavnoi tserkvi: ot vosstanovleniiapatriarshestva
do nashikh dnei, vol 1: ipiy—ipyo. St Petersburg. Voskresenie, 1997.
Danko, T. A., I. D. Savinova, O. V. Snytko, and T. B. Chuikova, eds. “/nichto ne
zabyto. ” Dokumenty i materialy o zlodeianiiakh nemetskofashistskikh
zakhvatchikov na Novgorodskoi zemle (1P14—IP44). Novgorod: Izdatelstvo
“Kiriliitsa,” 1996.
Davies, Sarah. Popular Opinion in Stalin s Russia: Terror, Propaganda and Dissent,
ip$4—ip4i. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997.
Didenko, Valentina Semenovna. “Zhizn v okkupatsii.” Luzhskaiapravday July 10,
2010.
Dikova, L. “V tu strashnuiu zimu.” Prizyv [Organ sebezhskogo raikoma KPSS]y
November 23, 1990.
Ditrikh, L L, ed. Istoriia organov vnutrennikh del Pskovskoi oblasti. Pskov:
Upravlenie Vnutrennikh del Pskovskoi oblasti, 2006.
Dzeniskevich, A. R., L. I. Ilina, V. I. Kardashov, and V. M. Kovalchuk, eds. Vtylu
vraga. Borba partizan i podpolshchikov na okkupirovannoi territorii
Leningradskoi oblasti. Sbomik dokumentov v 4-kh tomakh. Tom 1: IP41.
Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1979.
V tylu vraga. Borba partizan i podpolshchikov na okkupirovannoi territorii
Leningradskoi oblasti. Sbomik dokumentov v 4-kh tomakh. Tom 2: ip42.
Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1981.
V tylu vraga. Borba partizan i podpolshchikov na okkupirovannoi territorii
Leningradskoi oblasti. Sbomik dokumentov v 4-kh tomakh. Tom 3: ip43.
Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1983.
234 Bibliography
Dzeniskevich, A. R., and N. Iu. Cherepenina, eds. Iz raionov oblasti soobshchaiut:
Svobodnye ot okkupatsii raiony Leningradskoi oblasti v gody Velikoi
Otechestvennoi voiny 1941—1945. Sbomik dokumentov. St Petersburg:
Dmitrii Bulanin, 2006.
Edele, Mark. “Soviet Society, Social Structure, and Everyday Life: Major
Frameworks Reconsidered.” Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian
History 8, no. 2 (2007): 349—373.
Stalinist Society, 1928—1955. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.
“‘What Are We Fighting for?* Loyalty in the Soviet War Effort, 1941—1945.”
International Labor and Working-Class History 84 (2013): 248—268.
Stalins Defectors: How Red Army Soldiers Became Hitler s Collaborators,
1941—1945. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.
Efimov, Serafim. “Iz dnevnika missionera.” Pravoslavnyi Khristianin 1/2, no. 6/7
(i943)* https://perma.cc/6RJ9-NN8E.
Eilman, Michael. “Soviet Repression Statistics: Some Comments.” Europe-Asia
Studies 54, no. 7 (2002): 1151-1172.
Enstad, Johannes Due. “Soviet Citizens under German Occupation: Life, Death, and
Power in Northwest Russia, 1941—1944.” PhD diss., University of Oslo, 2014.
“Prayers and Patriotism in Nazi-Occupied Russia: The Pskov Orthodox
Mission and Religious Revival, 1941—1944.” Slavonic and East European
Review 94, no. 3 (2016): 468-496.
Ermolov, Igor. Tri goda bez Stalina. Okkupatsiia: sovetskie grazhdane mezhdu
natsistami i bolshevikami, 1941—1944. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf, 2010.
Ershova, D. “Kholokost v Opochke v vospominaniiakh ochevidtsev.” Opochetskii
raionnyi tsentr kultury, n.d. https://perma.cc/F9EP-5DGM.
“Euthanasia Program.” US Holocaust Memorial Museum, Holocaust Encyclopedia,
n.d. https://perma.cc/ZQD9-J5 5V.
Felder, Björn M. Lettland im Zweiten Weltkrieg: Zwischen sowjetischen und
deutschen Besatzern 1940—1946. Paderborn: Schöningh, 2009.
Figes, Orlando. A Peoples Tragedy: The Russian Revolution, 1917—1924. London:
Pimlico, 1997.
The Whisperers: Private Life in Stalins Russia. London: Allen Lane, 2007.
Filimonov, A. V. “Iz zhizni uezdnoi Opochki 20-kh godov.” Opochetskii raionnyi
tsentr kultury, n.d. https://perma.cc/F8Q6-WCRM.
“Politicheskie repressii 40-kh godov.” In Ne predat zabveniiu. Kniga Pamiati
zhertv politicheskikh repressii, edited by N. P. Korneev, 5: 5—29. Pskov:
OMTs, 1998.
Pskov v 1920—1930-e gody. Ocherki sotsialno-kultumoi zhizni. Pskov: Pskovskaia
oblastnaia tipografiia, 2005.
Fitzpatrick, Sheila. Education and Social Mobility in the Soviet Union 1921—1954.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
Stalin s Peasants: Resistance and Survival in the Russian Village after
Collectivization. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
“Supplicants and Citizens: Public Letter-Writing in Soviet Russia in the
1930s.” Slavic Review 55, no. 1 (April 1, 1996): 78-105.
Bibliography 235
Everyday Stalinism. Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times: Soviet Russia in the
1930s. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Tear Off the Masks! Identity and Imposture in Twentieth-Century Russia.
Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2005.
“Revisionism in Soviet History.” History and Theory 46, no. 4 (2007): 77—91.
“Popular Opinion in Russia under Pre-War Stalinism.*5 In Popular Opinion in
Totalitarian Regimes: Fascism, Nazism., Communism, edited by Paul Corner,
17-32. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Fitzpatrick, Sheila, and Alf Lüdtke. “Energizing the Everyday: On the Breaking and
Making of Social Bonds in Nazism and Stalinism.” In Beyond Totalitarianism:
Stalinism and Nazism Compared, edited by Michael Geyer and Sheila
Fitzpatrick, 266—301. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Förster, Jürgen. “Securing ‘Living-Space5.” In The Attack on the Soviet Union,
edited by Militärgeschichtliches Forschungsamt, 4: 1189—1244. Oxford:
Clarendon Press, 1998.
Galkin, A. K., and A. A. Bovkalo. “Tserkovnaia zhizn Gdova v dni okkupatsii
(1941—1943 gg-).” Zemlia Gdovskaia: saitgdovskogo muzeia istorii kraia, n.d.
https://perma.cc/AFJ9-8SGM.
Ganzenmüller, Jörg. Das belagerte Leningrad 1941 — 1944: die Stadt in den
Strategien von Angreifern und Verteidigern. Paderborn: Schöningh, 2007.
Gellately, Robert. Backing Hitler. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Lenin, Stalin and Hitler: The Age of Social Catastrophe. London: Vintage, 2008.
Gerlach, Christian. Kalkulierte Morde: die deutsche Wirtschafts- und
Vemichtungspolitik in Weissmssland 1941 bis 1944. Hamburg: Hamburger
Edition, 1999.
Germanova, Mariia. “Fragmenty dnevnika.” Almanakh “Russkii mir : Prostranstvo
i vremia russkoi kultury no. 4 (2010): 258-285.
Gitelman, Zvi Y. A Century of Ambivalence: The Jews of Russia and the Soviet
Union, 1881 to the Present. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2001.
Glezerov, S. E. Ot nenavisti k primireniiu. St Petersburg: Izdatelstvo OSTROV,
2006.
Gogun, Aleksandr. Stalinskie kommandos: Ukrainskie partizanskie formirovaniia.
Maloizuchennye stranitsy istorii, 1941—1944. Moscow: ZAO Tsentrpoligraf,
2008.
Gross, Jan T. “Themes for a Social History of War Experience and
Collaboration.” In The Politics of Retribution in Europe: World War II and
Its Aftermath, edited by Istvan Deäk, Jan Tomasz Gross, and Tony Judt,
15—35. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000.
Gruzdev, lu. P., and D. K. Mitrofanova. “Svodnye statisticheskie svedeniia o
grazhdanakh, rasstreliannykh v Leningrade i vne Leningrada i vposledstvii
reabiiitirovannykh.55 Vozvrashchennye imena: Knigi pamiati Rossii, n.d.
https://perma.cc/J78S-HKG6.
Guermanova, Maria. Le journal de Maria: Une institutrice soviétique dans la guerre,
1941—1943. Edited by Oleg Nikolaiev and Nicolas Werth. Paris: Editions
Autrement, 2014.
23 6 Bibliography
Hakim, Catherine. ‘‘Erotic Capital.” European Sociological Review 26, no. 5
(2010): 499—518.
Halfin, Igal, and Jochen Hellbeck. “Rethinking the Stalinist Subject: Stephen
Kotkins ‘Magnetic Mountain5 and the State of Soviet Historical Studies.”
Jahrbücher fur Geschichte Osteuropas 44, no. 3 (1996): 456—463.
Halse, Svein. I forreste linje. En krigsroman fra Leningradfronen bygget pä egne
opplevelser. Oslo: Dreyers forlag, 1970.
Harrison, Mark. Soviet Planning in Peace and War, 1938—1945. New York:
Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Hartmann, Christian. Wehrmacht im Ostkrieg: Front und militärisches Hinterland
1941—42. München: R. Oldenbourg, 2009.
Hasenclever, Jörn. Wehrmacht und Besatzungspolitik in der Sowjetunion: die
Befehlshaber der rückwärtigen Heeresgebiete 1941—1943. Paderborn:
Schöningh, 2010.
Heiber, Helmut. “Der Generalplan Ost.” Vierteljahrshefre fur Zeitgeschichte 6
(1958): 281-325.
Hellbeck, Jochen. “Fashioning the Stalinist Soul: The Diary of Stepan Podlubnyi
(1931-i939).” Jahrbücher Jur Geschichte Osteuropas 44, no. 3 (January
1996): 344-373-
“Working, Struggling, Becoming: Stalin-Era Autobiographical Texts.” The
Russian Review 60, no. 3 (July 2001): 340—359.
Herbert, Ulrich. Hitler s Foreign Workers: Enforced Foreign Labor in Germany
under the Third Reich. Cambridge/New York: Cambridge University Press,
1997.
Heretz, Leonid. Russia on the Eve of Modernity: Popular Religion and Traditional
Culture under the Last Tsars. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2008.
Hill, Alexander. “The Partisan War in North-West Russia 1941-44:
A Re-Examination.55 Journal of Strategic Studies 25, no. 3 (2002): 37-55.
The War Behind the Eastern Front. New York: Frank Cass, 2005.
Hoffmann, David L. Peasant Metropolis: Social Identities in Moscow, 1929—1941.
Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1994.
Holler, Martin. Der nationalsozialistische Völkermord an den Roma in der besetzten
Sowjetunion (1941 —1944). Heidelberg: Dokumentations- und Kulturzentrum
Dt. Sinti und Roma, 2009.
Hosking, Geoffrey A. Russia and the Russians: A History. Cambridge: Harvard
University Press, 2001.
“The Second World War and Russian National Consciousness.” Past Present
175, no. i (2002): 162-187.
Rulers and Victims: The Russians in the Soviet Union. Cambridge: Belknap Press
of Harvard University Press, 2006.
Howell, Edgar M. The Soviet Partisan Movement, 1941—1944. Washington: US
Dept of the Army, 1956.
Hubatsch, Walter, ed. Hitlers Weisungen fur die Kriegführung i939~I945
München: Bernard Graefe, 1965.
237
Bibliography
Hürter, Johannes. “Die Wehrmacht vor Leningrad. Krieg und Besatzungspolitik
der 18. Armee im Herbst und Winter 1941/42.” Vierteljahrshefte für
Zeitgeschichte 49 (2001): 377-440.
Iarov, Sergei V. Istochniki dlia izucheniia obshchestvennykh nastroenii i kultury
Rossii XX veka. St Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriia, 2009.
Iasenovskaia, T. “Okkupatsii strashnye dni.” Gdovskaia p rav da, July 17, 2001.
Igumen Damaskin (Orlovskii). “Goneniia na Russkuiu Pravoslavnuiu Tserkov v
sovetskii period.” In Pravoslavnaia Entsiklopediia, 179—186. Moscow:
Russkaia pravoslavnaia tserkov, 2000.
Inkeies, Alex, and Raymond Augustine Bauer. The Soviet Citizen: Daily Life in a
Totalitarian Society. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959.
Ionov, Aleksii. “Zapiski missionera.” Pravoslavie i mir, May 8, 2012. https://
perma.cc/EF4C-LTFT.
Ivanov, E. P. “Repressivnaia politika na Pskovshchine v gody kollektivizatsii.” In
Ne predat zahveniiu. Kniga Pamiati zhertv politicheskikh repressii, edited by
N. P. Korneev, 3: 9—30. Pskov: OMTs, 1997.
ed. Sbomik dokumentov i materialov po istorii Pskovskogo kraia (TXXX vv.).
Pskov: Pskovskii gosudarstvennyi pedagogicheskii Institut im. S.M.Kirova,
2000.
Pskovskie khroniki. Istoriia kraia v dokumentakh i issledovaniiakh (vyp. 2). Pskov:
Sterkh, 2002.
Ivanov, M. “Zakliuchenie o reabilitatsii po arkhivnomu proverochnomu
materialu No. AA-2713.” In Pskovskie khroniki. Istoriia kraia v
dokumentakh i issledovaniiakh (vyp. 4), 246—250. Pskov: Izdatel’skü Dom
“Sterkh,” 2004.
Ivanov, Viktor. Missiia Ordena: mekhanizm massovykh repressii v Sovetskoi Rossii v
kontse 20-kh - 40-kh gg (na materialakh Severo-Zapada RSFSR). St Peterburg:
LISS, 1997.
Ivanova, LA .Za blokadnym koltsom: sbornik vospominanii zhitelei Leningradskoi
oblasti vremen germanskoi okkupatsii 1941—1944 gg. St Petersburg: Vesti, 2010.
Kaiyvas, Stathis N. The Logic of Violence in Civil War. Cambridge/New York:
Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Karasev, Ivan V. “The Reconstruction of Agriculture in Pskov Oblast5,
1945—1953.” Soviet Studies 43, no. 2 (1991): 301—309.
Karov, D. “Nemetskaia kontrrazvedka v okkupirovannykh oblastiakh SSSR v
voinu 1941-1945 gg.,” n.d., Box 20. Research Program on the USSR,
Bakhmeteff Archive, Columbia University Rare Book C Manuscript
Library.
“Russkaia politsiia v okkupirovannykh nemtsami oblastiakh SSSR v voinu
1941-45 gg.,” n.d., Box 20. Research Program on the USSR, Bakhmeteff
Archive, Columbia University Rare Book Manuscript Library.
Partizanskoe dvizhenie v SSSR v 1941—1945 gg. Munich: Institut po izucheniiu
istorii i kultury SSSR, 1954.
Karov, D. P. “Nemetskaia okkupatsiia i sovetskie liudi v zapiskakh russkogo
ofitsera Abvera, 1941-1943 gody.” In Pod nemtsami. Vospominaniia,
238 Bibliography
svidetelstva, dokumenty. Is to riko -dokumen talnyi sbomik, edited by
K. M. Aleksandrov, 383-429. St Petersburg: Skriptorum, 2011.
Kay, Alex J. Exploitation Resettlement, Mass Murder: Political and Economic
Planning for German Occupation Policy in the Soviet Union, 1940—1941.
New York/Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2006.
Kay, Alex J., Jeff Rutherford, and David Stahel. Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front,
1941: Total War, Genocide, and Radicalization. Rochester: University of
Rochester Press, 2012.
Kazantsev, Aleksandr. Tretia sila: Rossiia mezhdu natsizmom i kommunizmom,
1941—1945. Moscow: Posev, 2011.
Khokhlov, D. Iu. “Istoriia okkupatsii v arkhivnykh dokumentakh organov
gosudarstvennoi bezopasnosti. Leto 1941-zima 1941/42 g.” Voenno-
istoricheskii zhurnal no. 7 (2006): 58-61.
Khordikainen, Liusa. Zhizn v okkupatsii. Pushkin, Gatchina, Estoniia: dnevnik
Liusi Khordikainen. Edited by S. A. Nuridzhanova. St Petersburg: Izdatelstvo
Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta, 1999.
Kilian, Jürgen. Wehrmacht und Besatzungsherrschaft im Russischen Nordwesten
1941—1944. Schöningh, 2012.
Kiss, Endre. Against New Metaphysics: Studies on Positive Metaphysics and Everyday
Consciousness. Cuxhaven: Junghans, 1996.
Kliatskin, S. M. “Iz istorii leningradskogo partizanskogo kraia (avgust
1941-sentiabr 1942 g.).” Voprosy istorii no. 7 (1958): 25-44.
Klinkhammer, Lutz. “Der Partisanenkrieg der Wehrmacht 1941-1944.” In Die
Wehrmacht: Mythos und Realität, edited by Rolf-Dieter Müller and
Hans-Erich Volkmann, 815-836. München: Oldenbourg, 1999.
Knyshevskii, P. N., ed. Skrytaia pravda voiny: 1941 god. Neizvestnye dokumenty.
Moscow: Russkaia Kniga, 1992.
Kolotygin, Vladimir. “Oni moi zemliaki.” In My ne mozhem molchat, edited by
A. E. Gerber and D. V. Prokudin, 101-105. Moscow: Fond “Kholokost,” 2005.
Kondratenia, Aleksandr. “Evreiskoe naselenie Opochki.” Pskov. Nauchno-
prakticheskii, istoriko-kraevedcheskii zhurnal no. 34 (2011): 118—121.
Kopenin, Aleksandr. “Zapiski nesumasshedshego. Iz dnevnika selskogo uchiteiia.”
Rodina no. 2 (1996): 94—98.
Kotkin, Stephen. Magnetic Mountain: Stalinism as a Civilization. Berkeley:
University of California Press, 1995.
Kovalev, B. N., and I. A. Altman. “Pskov.” In Kholokost na territorii SSSR.
Entsiklopediia, edited by I. A. Altman. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2009.
Kovalev, Boris. Kollaboratsionizm v Rossii v 1941—194s gg.: tipy i formy. Velikii
Novgorod: Novgorodskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet imeni laroslava
Mudrogo, 2009.
“Arkhivnye materialy FSB RF o Kholokoste na okkupirovannoi territorii Rossii.”
In Kholokost: Novye issledovaniia i materialy. Materialy XVIII Mezhdunarodnoi
ezhegodnoi konferentsii po iudaike, edited by V. V. Mochalova, 26-34.
Moscow: Sefer, 2011.
Povsednevnaia zhizn naseleniia Rossii v period natsistskoi okkupatsii. Moscow:
Molodaia Gvardiia, 2011.
Bibliography 239
Kozlov, Aleksei. “Kozel na sakse,” 2001. https://perma.ee/TP44-NPV2.
Krasavina, Anna Stepanovna. “Moia zhis,” 1984. Unpublished memoir (author’s
private archive).
Krausnick, Helmut, and Hans-Heinrich Wilhelm. Die Truppe des
Weltanschauungskrieges: die Einsatzgruppen der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD
1P38—1P42. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1981.
Krylova, Anna. Soviet Women in Combat: A History of Violence on the
Eastern Front. Reprint edition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
2011.
Kudriashev, S. V. “Predateli, osvoboditeli’, Hi zhertvy rezhima? Sovetskii
kollaboratsionizm (1941-1942).” Svobodnaia mysl no. 14 (1993): 84—98.
Kulavig, Erik. Stalins hjemmefront ip4i—ip4$. Odense: Heraldisk Selskab, 2004.
Kuromiya, Hiroaki. Stalin s Industrial Revolution: Politics and Workers, ip28—ip$2.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Lewin, Moshe. Russian Peasants and Soviet Power: A Study of Collectivization.
London: Allen Unwin, 1968.
Lindenberger, Thomas. “Die Diktatur der Grenzen. Zur Einleitung.” In
Herrschaft und Eigen-Sinn in der Diktatur: Studien zur Gesellschaftsgeschichte
der DDR, edited by Thomas Lindenberger, 13-44. Köln: Böhlau Verlag,
I999*
Livshin, A. Ia., and I. B. Orlov, eds. Sovetskaia povsednevnost i massovoe soznanie
ip3p—ip4$. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2003.
Lomagin, N. A. Neizvestnaia bbkada (vol. 1). St Petersburg: Izdatelskii Dom
“Neva,” 2004.
Longerich, Peter. The Unwritten Order: Hitler’s Role in the Final Solution. Stroud:
Tempus, 2003.
Loshenkova, Ekaterina. “Tserkvi Porkhovskogo raiona v gody Velikoi
Otechestvennoi voiny.” Porkhov, 2005. porhov.ru/school/uchproekt/YLA_
2006/doc/ ref_cercvi_porhov.doc.
Lovell, Stephen. The Shadow of War: Russia and the USSR, ip4i to the Present.
Chichester: Wiley-Biackwell, 2010.
Lower, Wendy. Nazi Empire-Building and the Holocaust in Ukraine. Chapel Hill:
University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
Madajczyk, Czeslaw, and Stanislaw Biernacki, eds. Vom Generalplan Ost zum
Generalsiedlungsplan. Munich/New Providence/London/Paris: K. G. Saur,
i994.
Maddox, Steven. “Prestupleniia i nakazanie: karatelnye otriady v Leningradskoi
oblasti, 1941—1944 gg.” In SSSR vo Vtoroi mirovoi voine: okkupatsiia,
kholokosty stalinizm, edited by Oleg Vitalevich Budnitskii and Liudmila
Gennadevna Novikova, 26-48. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2014.
Mallmann, Klaus-Michael, Andrej Angrick, Jürgen Matthäus, and Martin
Cüppers, eds. Die Ereignismeldungen UdSSR ip4i. Dokumente der
Einsatzgruppen in der Sowjetunion. Darmstadt: WBG (Wissenschaftliche
Buchgesellschaft), 2011.
Manley, Rebecca. To the Tashkent Station: Evacuation and Survival in the Soviet
Union at War. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2009.
240 Bibliography
Manning, Roberta T. “Government in the Soviet Countryside in the Stalinist
Thirties: The Case of Belyi Raion in 1937.” Carl Beck Papers in Russian and
East European Studies no. 301 (1984): 1-71.
Markwick, Roger D., and Euridice Charon Cardona. Soviet Women on the Frontline
in the Second World War. Houndmills: Paigrave Macmillan, 2012.
Matley, Ian M. “The Dispersal of the Ingrian Finns.” Slavic Review 38, no, 1
(1979): 1-16.
Merridale, Catherine. Ivan s War: Life and Death in the Red Army, 1939-1945.
New York: Picador, 2006.
Miner, Steven Merritt. Stalin s Holy War: Religion, Nationalism and Alliance
Politics, 1941—1945. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
Molchanov, I. V. “Dnevnik Vasiliia Molchanova: Liuban-VyritsaYront-
Rozhdestveno-Liuban, 194 3—1947. ” Sankt-Peterburgskie eparkhialnye
vedomosti no. 28—29 (2003): n.p.
Montague, Patrick. Chehnno and the Holocaust: The History of Hitler s First Death
Camp. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012.
Moon, David. The Russian Peasantry, 1600—1930: The World the Peasants Made.
London/New York: Longman, 1999.
Moskoff, William. The Bread of Affliction: The Food Supply in the USSR during
World War II. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
Mühlhäuser, Regina. Eroberungen: Sexuelle Gewalttaten und intime Beziehungen
deutscher Soldaten in der Sowjetunion, 1941—1945. Hamburg: Hamburger
Edition, 2010.
Müller, Norbert. Deutsche Besatzungspolitik in der UdSSR 1941—1944. Dokumente.
Köln: Pahl-Rügens tein Verlag, 1980.
Müller, Rolf-Dieter, ed. Die deutsche Wirtschaftspolitik in den besetzten sowjetischen
Gebieten 1941-1943: der Abschlussbericht des Wirtschaftsstabes Ost und
Aufzeichnungen eines Angehörigen des Wirtschaftskommandos Kiew. Deutsche
Geschichtsquellen des 19. und 20. Jahrhunderts, Bd. 57. Boppard am
Rhein: Harald Boldt, 1991.
An der Seite der Wehrmacht. Hitlers ausländische Helfer beim cKreuzzug gegen
den Bolschewismus 1941—1945. Berlin: Ch. Links Verlag, 2007.
The Unknown Eastern Front: The Wehrmacht and Hitler s Foreign Soldiers.
London: I.B. Tauris, 2014.
Müller, Rolf-Dieter, and Gerd Ueberschär. Hitler s War in the East: A Critical
Assessment. New York/Oxford: Berghahn Books, 2002.
Mulligan, Timothy. The Politics of Illusion and Empire: German Occupation Policy
in the Soviet Union, 1942—1943. New York: Praeger, 1988.
Musaev, V. I. “Kollektivizatsiia i raskulachivanie v Leningradskoi oblasti
(1930-e gg.).” In Rossiia v XKveke: sbomik statei, edited by V. M. Kovalchuk,
183-203. St Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriia, 2005.
Musial, Bogdan. Sowjetische Partisanen 1941—1944: Mythos und Wirklichkeit.
Paderborn: Schöningh, 2009.
Nachis, Kirill. “Narod zhazhdal molitsia, zhazhdal pokaianiia.” Sankt-Peterburgskie
eparkhialnye vedomosti no. 26 (2002). https://perma.cc/QXJ2-ETYC.
241
Bibliography
Nefedov, Askold Ivanovich. “Vospominaniia o detstve i iunosti.” Pavlovsk, April
29, 2010. pavlovsk-spb.ru/novoe-v-etom-razdele/461.html.
Nikonov, Valerii. “Bylo mnogo boli, i nado byt ee preodolet.” Morskaia gazeta,
August 17, 2002. https://perma.cc/QLZ2-KJMA.
Oboznyi, Konstantin. “Pskovskaia pravoslavnaia missiia v 1941—1944 gg.”
Pravoslavnaia Obshchina no. 54—55 (2000): n.p.
Istoriia Pskovskoi Pravoslavnoi Missii 1941—1944 gg* Moscow: Izdatelstvo
Krutitskogo podvoria, 2008.
“Pravoslavnoe dukhovenstvo na Pskovskoi zemle v gody nemetskoi okkupatsii
(1941—1944 gg.).” In Pskov v voennoi istorii XX veka, vyp. iy 241—262. Pskov:
Pskovskii gosudarstvennyi pedagogicheskii institut, 2009.
Oldenbourg, Manfred. Ideologie und militärisches Kalkül Die Besatzungspolitik der
Wehrmacht in der Sowjetunion 1942. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2004.
Osipova, Lidiia. “Dnevnik kollaborantki.” In “Svershilos: prishli nemtsy!”:
ideinyi kollaboratsionizm v SSSR v period Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny,
edited by O. V. Budnitskii and G. S. Zelenina, 63—188. Moscow:
ROSSPEN, 2012.
Osokina, Elena. Zafasadom e stalinskogo izobiliiaP Moscow: ROSSPEN, 1999.
Overy, Richard J. Russia’s War. New York: Penguin Books, 1998.
Pavlova, Tamara. “Iz dnevnika voennykh let.” Nevay no. 6 (2001): 156-165.
Penter, Tanja. Kohle für Stalin und Hitler: Arbeiten und Leben in Donbass 1929 bis
19$3. Essen: Klartext, 2010.
“Zwangsarbeit: Arbeit für den Feind. Der Donbass unter deutscher
Okkupation (1941—1943).” Geschichte und Gesellschaft 31, no. 1 (2005):
68-100.
Petrov, Iu. P. Partizanskoe dvizhenie v Leningradskoi oblasti, 1941—1944.
Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1973.
Petrov, M. N. Tainaia voina na novgorodskoi zemle. Velikii Novgorod: Izdatelsko-
poligraficheskii tsentr Novgorodskogo gos. universiteta, 2005.
Pirozhkova, Vera. Poteriannoe pokolenie: vospominaniia o detstve i iunosti.
St Petersburg: Zhurnal Neva, 1998.
Pirozhkova, V. A. Moi tri zhiznl Avtobiograficheskie ocherki. St Petersburg:
Izdatelstvo “Zhurnal ‘Neva’,” 2002.
Plotkin, Konstantin. Kholokost u sten Leningrada. St Petersburg: NPRO “Novaia
evrpoeiskaia shkola,” 2004.
Pobol, N., and P. Polian, eds. Okkupirovannoe detstvo: vospominaniia tekh, kto v
gody voiny eshche ne umelpisat Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2010.
Pohl, Dieter. Die Herrschaft der Wehrmacht. Deutsche Militärbesetzung und
einheimische Bevölkerung in der Sowjetunion 1941—1944. R. Oldenbourg
Verlag: München, 2008.
Polchaninov, R. V. “Pskovskaia pravoslavnaia missiia 1941-2001 gg.
K 60-letiiu osnovaniia.” Pravoslavnaia zhizn (Orthodox Life) 51, no. 1
(2001): 1-4.
“Pskovskoe sodruzhestvo molodezhi pri pravoslavnoi missii.” Pravoslavnaia
zhizn (Orthodox Life) 51, no. 1 (2001): 20-30.
242 Bibliography
Poulsen, Niels Bo. “The Soviet Extraordinary State Commission: An Analysis of
the Commission’s Investigative Work in War and Post-War Stalinist
Society.” PhD diss., University of Copenhagen, 2005.
“War Crimes Investigation Po-Sovetski? Evaluating Material from the
Extraordinary State Commission.” Holocaust and Modernity: Studies in
Ukraine and the World 1, no. 5 (2009): 27—46.
Randall, Amy. The Soviet Dream World of Retail Trade and Consumption in the
1930s. Basingstoke/New York: Paigrave Macmillan, 2008.
Reese, Roger R. “Motivations to Serve: The Soviet Soldier in the Second World
War.” The Journal of Slavic Military Studies 20, no. 2 (2007): 263—282.
Why Stalin s Soldiers Fought: The Red Army s Military Effectiveness in World War
II. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2011.
Rein, Leonid. “Local Collaboration in the Execution of the Final Solution’ in
Nazi-Occupied Belorussia.” Holocaust and Genocide Studies 20, no. 3 (2006):
381—409.
Reitlinger, Gerald. The House Built on Sand: The Conflicts of German Policy in
Russia 1939—1945. London: Weidenfeld Nicholson, i960.
Rendle, Matthew. “Post-Revisionism: The Continuing Debate on Stalinism.”
Intelligence and National Security 25, no. 3 (2010): 370—388.
Riasanovsky, Nicholas V., and Mark Steinberg. A History of Russia: Volume 2:
Since 1855: Since 1855 v. 2. 7th edn. New York: Oxford University Press,
2005.
Romanov, Sergey. “Sonderkommando 1005 in PRO decodes.” Holocaust
Controversies, May 10, 2006, https://perma.cc/5BKP-87RY.
Römer, Felix. “The Wehrmacht in the War of Ideologies: The Army and Hitler’s
Criminal Orders on the Eastern Front.” In Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front,
1941: Total War Genocide, and Radicalization, edited by Alex J. Kay, Jeff
Rutherford, and David Stahel, 73-100. Rochester: University of Rochester
Press, 2012.
Rossman, Jeffrey J. Worker Resistance under Stalin: Class and Revolution on the
Shop Floor. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2005.
“Russkomu patriotu—vernomy synu Sv. Pravoslavnoi tserkvi.” Zhumal
“Pravoslavnyi Khristianinizdanie Pravoslavnoi Missii v osvobozhdennykh
oblastiakh Rossii 1, no. 2/3, September/October 1942. https://perma.cc/
RDC3-4DTU.
Rutherford, Jeff. “Life and Death in the Demiansk Pocket: The 123rd Infantry
Division in Combat and Occupation.” Central European History 41, no. 3
(2008): 347-380.
“The 12ist Infantry Division in North-West Russia, 1941—2.” In War in a
Twilight World: Partisan and Anti-Partisan Warfare in Eastern Europe,
1939-45, edited by Juliette Pattinson and Ben Shepherd, 58-79.
Basingstoke: Paigrave Macmillan, 2010.
“The Radicalization of German Occupation Policies: The Wirtschaftsstab Ost
and the 121st Infantry Division in Pavlovsk, 1941.” In Nazi Policy on the
Eastern Front, 1941: Total War, Genocide, and Radicalization, edited by Alex
Bibliography 243
J, Kay, Jeff Rutherford, and David Stahel, 130-154. Rochester: University of
Rochester Press, 2012.
Safronova, Marina. “Pskov pod nemtsami.” Pskovskaia gubemiia, July 13, 2011.
https: //per ma. CC/4U 83-3 KT 4.
Schulte, Theo J. The German Army and Nazi Policies in Occupied Russia. Oxford:
Berg Publishers, 1989.
Sedunov, Aleksandr Vsevolodovich. “Kholokost na territoril Pskovskoi oblasti v
1941—1944 gg.” Pskov: Nauchno-prakticheskii, istoriko-kraevedcheskii zhurnal
no. 33 (2010): 177-181.
Semichev, Vladimir Alekseevich, and A. L. Krukovskii. “Ispoved byvshego v
okkupatsii,” May 1949. www.petergen.com/krukowski/confession.htm.
Semiriaga, Mikhail Ivanovich. Kollaboratsionizm: priroda, tipologiia i proiavleniia v
gody Vtoroi mirovoi voiny. Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2000.
Shkarovskii, M. V. Krest i svastika: Natsistskaia Germaniia i Pravoslavnaia Tserkov.
Moscow: Veche, 2007.
Shkarovskii, Mikhail. “Tserkov zovet k zashchite rodiny.” Biblioteka Iakova
Krotova, March 27, 2006. krotov.info/history/20/1940/194ishka.htm.
Shtrik-Shtrikfeldt, Vilfrid K. Protiv Stalina i Gitlera. Frankfurt am Main: Posev,
1975 ‘
Sidorova, Natalia. “Vospominaniia u paradnykh podezdov.” Diletant no. 6
0une 2012): 32-37.
Siegelbaum, Lewis H. “Peasant Disorders and the Myth of the Tsar: Russian
Variations on a Millenarian Theme.” Journal of Religious History 10, no. 3
(1979): 223-235.
Slepyan, Kenneth. Stalin s Guerrillas: Soviet Partisans in World War II. Lawrence:
University Press of Kansas, 2006.
“Partisans, Civilians, and the Soviet State: An Overview.” In War in a Twilight
World: Partisan and Anti-Partisan Warfare in Eastern Europe, 1939—45, edited
by Juliette Pattinson and Ben Shepherd, 35-57. Basingstoke: Palgrave
Macmillan, 2010.
Snyder, Timothy. Bloodlands: Europe between Hitler and Stalin. New York: Basic
Books, 2010.
Sokolov, B. V. Okkupatsiia. Pravda i mijy. Moscow: AST, 2002.
Sokolova, Lidiia. “Vliianie zapadnichestva na izuchenie istorii Pskovskoi
Pravoslavnoi missii (1941-1944).” Russkaia narodnaia liniia, March 22,
2011. https://perma.cc/98JD-KCE4.
Sorokina, M. A. “People and Procedures: Toward a History of the Investigation of
Nazi Crimes in the USSR.” Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian
History 6, no. 4 (2005): 797-831.
Spiridenkov, V. A. Lesnye soldaty: partizanskaia voina na severo-zapade SSSR,
1941—1944. Moscow: ZAO Tsentrpoligraf, 2007.
Statiev, Alexander. The Soviet Counterinsurgency in the Western Borderlands.
New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
“Soviet Partisan Violence against Soviet Civilians: Targeting Their Own.”
Europe-Asia Studies 66, no. 9 (October 2014): 1525—1552.
244 Bibliography
Stopper, Sebastian. “‘Die Straße ist deutsch.’ Der sowjetische Partisanenkrieg und
seine militärische Effizienz.” Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 59, no. 3
(2011): 385—411.
Streit, Christian. Keine Kameraden. Die Wehrmacht und die sowjetischen
Kriegsgefangenen 1941—194$. Bonn: Verlag J. H. W. Dietz Nachf., 1991.
Swain, Geoffrey. Between Stalin and Hitler: Class War and Race War on the Dvina,
1940—46 London/New York: Routledge, 2004.
Tailov, Georgii. “Vospominaniia o. Georgiia Tailova o ego rabote v Pskovskoi
pravoslavnoi missii 1941-44 gg.” Pravoslavnaia zhizn (Orthodox Life) 51, no.
i (2001): 5-19.
Tauger, Mark. “Soviet Peasants and Collectivization, 1930—39: Resistance and
Adaptation.” Journal of Peasant Studies 31, no. 3 (2004): 427—456.
Thurston, Robert W. Life and Terror in Stalins Russia: 1934—1941. New Haven/
London: Yale University Press, 1996.
Tsypin, Vladimir. Gorod Pushkin v gody voiny. St Petersburg: Genio Loci, 2010.
Velikanova, Olga. “Berichte zur Stimmungslage. Zu den Quellen politischer
Beobachtung der Bevölkerung in der Sowjetunion.” Jahrbücher für
Geschichte Osteuropas 47 (1999): 227-43.
Vertiachikh, Aleksandr, and Sergei Glezerov. “Bez prava na zabvenie.”
Sankt-Peterburgskie Vedomosti, October 11, 2012.
Vinogradov, A. V. “Luzhskii raion ot kollektivizatsii do okkupatsii.” Unpublished
paper, n.d.
“Vtorzhenie nemetsko-fashistskikh voisk glazami zhitelei Leningradskoi
oblasti.” Unpublished paper, n.d.
ed. Okkupatsiia Leningradskoi oblasti v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny
(vospominaniia ochevidtsev). St Petersburg: Izdatelstvo “Lema,” 2006.
Vinogradov, A. V., and A. Pleizher. Bitva za Leningrad v sudbakh zhitelei goroda i
oblasti (vospominaniia zashchitnikov i zhitelei goroda i okkupirovannykh
territorii). St Petersburg: Izdatelstvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta,
2005.
Viola, Lynne. The Best Sons of the Fatherland: Workers in the Vanguard of Soviet
Collectivization. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
ed. Peasant Rebels under Stalin: Collectivization and the Culture of Peasant
Resistance. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Contending with Stalinism: Soviet Power and Popular Resistance in the 1930s.
Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2002.
The War against the Peasantry, 1927—1930: The Tragedy of the Soviet
Countryside. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005.
Vitushkin, S. “Cherez dva fronta: k 60-letiiu partizanskogo oboza v Leningrad.”
Novgorodskie vedomosti, March 6, 2002.
Volkova, V. P., and E. M. Fedorova, eds. Voinoi ispepelennye goda: Pskovskii krai
nakanune i v gody Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny. Sbomik dokumentov
Gosudarstvennogo arkhiva Pskovskoi oblasti. Pskov: Pskov Oblast
Administration, 2005.
Bibliography 245
Voronina» T. M., ed. Novgorodskaia zemlia v epkohu sotsialnykh potriasenii.
Sbomik dokumentov. Kniga vtoraia. Vol. 2. 2 vols. Velikii Novgorod:
Vikont, 2007.
Novgorodskaia zemlia v epokhu sotsialnykh potriasenii, 1941—1945. Sbomik
dokumentov. St Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriia, 2008.
“Vsesoiuznaia perepis naseleniia 1939 goda.” Demoskop Weekly, n.d. https://
perma.cc/N 2AX-TAZP.
“Vyderzhki iz pisma Tamary Nikolaevoi v lad Vashem, 1995 god.” FW Vashem,
n.d. https://perma.cc/XL4C-A4NP.
Weiner, Amir. Making Sense of War: The Second World War and the Fate of the
Bolshevik Revolution. Princeton/Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2001.
Weiss-Wendt, Anton. Murder without Hatred: Estonians and the Holocaust.
Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 2009.
Wilhelm, Hans-Heinrich. Die Einsatzgruppe A der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD
1941/42. Frankfurt am Main: Lang, 1996.
Zemskov, V. N. “Sudba ‘kulatskoi ssylki5.” Otechestvennaia istoriia, no. 1 (1994):
18-147.
Zertsalov, V. I. Luga. Putevoditel. Leningrad: Lenizdat, 1972.
Zhukov, Dmitrii, and Ivan Kovtun. Russkaia politsiia. Moscow: Veche, 2010.
Zimmermann, Michael. “Die nationalsozialistische Zigeunerverfolgung in Ost-
und Südosteuropa—ein Überblick.” In Der nationalsozialistische Genozid an
den Roma Osteuropas: Geschichte und künstlerische Verarbeitung, edited by
Felicitas Fischer von Weikersthai, Christoph Garstka, Urs Heftrich, and
Heinz-Dietrich Löwe, 3—28. Köln/Weimar/Wien: Böhlau, 2008.
Zolotarev, V. A. Partizanskoe dvizhenie: po opytu Velikoi Otechestvennoi voiny,
1941—194$ gg. Moscow: Kuchkovo pole, 2001.
Zubkova, Elena. Russia after the War: Hopes, Illusions, and Disappointments
1945—1957. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 1998.
Zwei Jahre Kriegswirtschaft im russischen Nordraum: Ein Tätigkeits- und Leistungs-
Bericht der Wirtschaftsinspektion Nord. Pskov: Wi In Nord, 1943.
Index
adaptation, 32, 163, 225, See also pragmatism,
calculated
agriculture. See also collectivization;
decollectivization
New Agrarian Order, 118—130, 13$
northwest Russia lack of, 11
poor conditions, 89
production quotas during occupation, 115—118,
126-129, 167
yields, 89, 115—1x8, 126-129
Aleksandr Nevskii (1938 film), 49
Aleksii, Metropolitan of Leningrad, 153
Alfeyev, 37
Andreeva, Anna, 31
Androkhnovo, 64
Anisimov, Oleg, 83, 144, 152, 166, 180, 203
antipartisan forces, 171, 173-177, 224
antisemitism, 83-84, 150—152, See also
Holocaust; Jews
Antonova, Nina, 49, 125
Army Group North, Wehrmacht (Heeresgruppe
Nord). See also specific units
administrative structure, 11
civilian casualties, 191—192, 198
number of POWs in, 90
response to famine, 98
atrocities
partisan response to Soviet, 214
partisan terrorism, 185—190
Red Army, 213
Russian antipartisan units, 173-175
atrocities, German. See also Holocaust
counterinsurgency campaign, 190-194
dismissed as propaganda, 50—51, 61-62,
87
during invasion, 55-58
during occupation, 39, 59, 86-87, I27 131
during retreat, 210
executions of subversive officials, 169
mass murders, 59-74, 221
seen as side effect of war, 87
Backe, Herbert, 99
Bauer, Raymond A., 33
Belarus, 83, 226
Belebelka district, 187
Benigsen, Georgii, 146, 156
Bessonov, Nikolai, 70
black market, 108—111, 224
Bolshevik revolution, 2, 111—112, See also
Stalinism
Bolsheviks. See also partisan insurgency;
Red Army; Soviets; Stalinism
appeal of, 3 5
attacks on religion, 25-26, 30, 137
disloyalty among, 180, 214
Germans seen as end to, 8, 16, 33—34, 37-38,
52, 115-118, 177-179, 202-203, 224
Bolshie Grivy, 55
Borisova, Nadezhda, 125
Borshchovo, 42, 79, 104, 107
brothels, 101-102
Bychkovo, 174
byvshie liudi, 177
cannibalism, 92
Chashcha, 128
chastushki, 24
Cherniakovichi, 73
children
baptisms, 150, 153, 156
Jews, 80
massacres, 64, 69, 186, 189, 192
orphanages, 80, 143
response to clergy, 158-159
schools, 142-143
starvation, 92-93, 99
Chudovo, 75
Chudskoe ozero (Lake Peipus), 9, 67, 127
cities. See urban areas
civilian deaths. See also atrocities; Holocaust
bombings, 42
children, 64, 69, 186, 189, 192
24 6
Index
247
clergy. See also Russian Orthodox Church
calculated pragmatism, 224
charity efforts, 143-145
cooperation with Germans, 146—148, 160
dekulakization, 25, 141
makeup of, 141
popular reception of, 154—156
praise of Germans, 224
salaries, 142
silence on Holocaust, 150-152
youth response to, 158-159
clothing shortages, 29, 76, 134
collaboration
clergy and church laypeople, 149
identification of Jews, 84
implications of term, 162
collectivization. See also dekulakization
consequences of, 37
cultural destruction, 25—26
decollectivization, 48-49, 113-136
during occupation, 118-130
grievances against, 33-34
hope in Germans for end to, 8,16, 33—34,
37-38, 115-118, 177, 202-203, 223-224
kolkhoz conditions, 23—25
poor agricultural conditions, 89
reestablishment after occupation, 216-217,
219, 227
resistance to, 18-20, 24, 31—32
as serfdom, 21
spontaneous decollectivization during
invasion, 48-49
Communists. See Bolsheviks, See Soviets
concentration camps, 64, 78
conscription, 42, 184
decollectivization. See also collectivization
difficulty working land due to forced labor
requirements, 130-13 5
German response to, 114
New Agrarian Order, 118—130, 135
popular attitudes toward, 115-118, 223
spontaneous, 48-49, 113-114
Dedovichi district, 187—188
dehumanization, 62
dekulakization
of clergy, 25, 141
consequences of, 21—23, 37 13 $
postoccupation local governance, 16 5—16 6
resistance to, 31—32
support for Germans, 177
Demiansk, 9, 75, 208
deportation. See also dekulakization
during German retreat, 210
to Germany for forced labor, 113,130-131, 224
Great Terror, 30-31
of POWs, 75
resistance to, 31—32
of Roma by Germans, 66
Didenko, Valentina, 50
disabled people, 16, 59-60, 70-74, 8i, 223
district {raion or uezd) governance, 163
Dmitriev, Nikolai, 25, 79
Dno, 51, 105, 108, 121, 126
double consciousness, 18, 37
Dulag 140, 76
Durbrovka, 65
Eastern Wall, 209
economic conditions. See also collectivization;
decollectivization; starvation
agricultural yields, 89, 115—118, 126—129
close to front lines, 89—98, 132, 223
German food policy, 16, 90-95, 99
improvements during German occupation,
no, 113-115
labor shortages, 100, 124
limits of German control, 224
material motivations for cooperation with
Germans, 16, 176-177, 198
New Agrarian Order, 118-130, 135, 223
occupation market conditions, 108—in
postwar, 216-218
prewar, 28, 37-38
education, 142-143, 203
Efimov, Sergii, 144
Eigensinn, 163, 166
18th Army (German), 72, 85, 91, 97-98
elites
effect of collectivization on, 21, 26
evacuation of, 46
Soviet, 180
Stalinist, 28, 35
Ermolov, Igor, 178
Esfir, Aleksandra, 42
Estonians, in northwest Russia, 96-97, 170-171
ethnic discrimination. See also Holocaust; Jews;
Roma
antisemitism, 83-84, 150-152
famine relief efforts, 88, 95-97
policies of annihilation, 221
POW releases, 82
security force recruiting, 169—171
targeting of Roma, 69-70
“Euthanasia” program, 70-74
evacuations
due to famine, 96-98
during invasion, 46-47, 222
of elites, 44-46, 61, 89
executions disguised as, 71, 77
248
Index
evacuations (cont.)
from partisan zones, 188
German retreat, 209-210, 225
of Jews, 61—62
evasionism, 194, 199, 225—226
Everyday Stalinism (Fitzpatrick), 226
famine. See starvation
farms. See agriculture; collectivization
Fedorov, Aleksei, 23, 44, 125, 165, 179, 216
Fedorov, Viktor, 47
Feldkommandanturen, 11
Feldman, Mark, 79
Filipovshchina, 66, 68-69
Finns, 96
Fitzpatrick, Sheila, 34, 226
five-year plans, 18, 29
Galiaeva, Regina, 79-80
Gatchina, 80, 204
Gdov, 75, 81, 127, 153, 210
Gdov district, 20, 52
General Plan East, 95
genocide. See disabled people; Holocaust; Jews;
Roma
Genrikh, Iakov, 81
Germanova, Mariia, 52, 211
Germans. See also atrocities, German; invasion,
German; occupation, German
deportation of Russians for forced labor, 113,
130-131, 224
economic view of northwest Russia, 11, 16
food policy, 16, 90-95, 99
helping of Jews, 80-81
impact of atrocities on Russian attitudes,
86-87, I27 I3I
loss of support from Russians, 17
mass murders committed by, 59-74, 221
policies of annihilation, 2, xi, 60, 68, 74, 88,
95, 99, hi, 221
propaganda caricatures of, 49—50, 61
religious revival facilitated by, 16, 157, 160,
224
seen as liberators, 8, 16, 33—34, 37—38,
51-55, 58, 62, 113, 115-118, 121-124,
I35 177-179, 202-203, 223-224
sexual relationships with, 101—102
Grankovskaia, Roza, 81
Great Terror, 22, 29-31, 178
Goring, Hermann, 99
Gypsies. See Roma
handicapped people, 223
Harvard Project on the Soviet Social System, 33
Helibeck, Jochen, 7
Hilfiwillige (Hiwis), 82, 100
Himmler, Heinrich, 68
Hitler, Adolf
arming of non-Germans, 169
counterinsurgency orders, 190—191
Eastern Wall, 209
Mein Kampfi 204
policies of annihilation, 2, 68, 75, 99
religious propagandists, 139
wariness of Vlasov, 204, 227
Holler, Martin, 67
Holocaust
Jews treated as partisans, 68
limited impact on popular mood, 223
in northwest Russia, 59-65, 221
role of Russian auxiliary police, 172
silence of Orthodox priests, 150-152
survival efforts, 77-82
Hosking, Geoffrey, 226
hunger. See starvation
Idritsa district, 149, 172-173, 209
Ilin, Valentina, 168
industrialization, 27-29, 34-37, See also
collectivization
Ingrian Finns, 96
Inkeles, Alex, 3 3
intelligentsia, 35—36
invasion, German. See also occupation, German
evacuations in face of, 44—49, 58
experiences, 40-42
hope for liberation from Bolsheviks, 8, 16,
33-34» 37-38» 51-55» 58, 62, 113,
115-118, 121-124, 135, 177-179,
202—203, 223-224
Jewish evacuations in face of, 61—62
looting during, 55-56
reactions to, 58
Russian fears of, 39, 49-51, 5 5—59
Soviet dismantling of adminstration apparatus,
163
spontaneous decollectivization during, 48-49
Ionov, Aleksii
agricultural quotas during occupation, 115
denial of accusations of collaboration against
Pskov Mission, 146
popular views of religion, 157-159
relief efforts, 144
religious education in schools, 142
Soviet destruction of churches, 141
Izhorians, 96
Jagdkommando, 174
Jews. See also Holocaust
children, 80
Index
249
dismissal of rumors of murders as propaganda,
50-51, 61-62
during occupation, 16
evacuations of, 61-62
food rations for, 63
forced labor, 62
help from non-Jews, 79—81
Leningrad, 79
local attacks on, 48
northwest Russia, 12, 60—61
POWs, 76, 80
Pskov, 79
starvation, 107
survival efforts of, 77—82
treatment by Russian non-Jews, 62, 82-84,
166
Kalinin region, 9, 218
karateliy 175
Karov, Dmitrii
anti-Soviet stance of Christians,
17S
brothels, 101
church as neutral ground, 150
German occupation, 113
mass murder of Jews, 83
partisans, 174
POWs, 177
Red Army atrocities, 213
welcome of Germans, 52
Kashchenko mental hospital, 71
Keitel, Wilhelm, 91
Khordikainen, Iulia, 91
Khorev, Vladimir, 192-193
khutora, 21
Kiiian, Jürgen, 192
Kingisepp, 147, 178, 195
Kingisepp district, 165
Kirov, Sergei, 29
Kisel, 20
Klein, Rafail, 80
Kleptsy, 48
Kofman, Zinaida, 107
Kokarev, Vladimir, 46—47, 132
kolkhozes. See also collectivization
adaptation to, 32
conditions on, 23—25, 89
decollectivization, 48—49, 113—136
early wartime attitudes, 40
establishment, 19—21
evacuation during invasion, 44-49, 58
governance during occupation, 163-169
hope in Germans for end to, 8, 16, 33-34,
37-38, 115-118, 177, 202-203, 223-224
New Agrarian Order, 118-130, 135
reestablishment after occupation, 216-217,
219, 227
resistance to, 31—32
Kolmovo mental hospital, 70
Kopore, 177
Kotkin, Stephen, 34-35
Magnetic Mountain: Stalinism as a Civilization 7
Kotly district, 178
Krasavina, Anna, 101, 197
Krasnoe Selo, 147
Krasnogvardeisk, 147
Krasnogvardeisk district, 71, 121, 165
Krasnye Gory, 42, 103, 105, 107
Krasnyi Bor, 55, 97
Krasukha, 192
Kudever, 156
kulaks. See also collectivization
clergy, 25, 141
liquidation of, 21-23, 37, 135
in postoccupation local governance, 165—166
resistance to deportation, 31—32
support for Germans, 177
labor. See also collectivization
conditions, 132—133, 136
as dehumanization tactic, 62
Hiwis, 82, 100
prostitution, 101-102
shortages, 124
labor camps, 65, 75, 13 3-13 5
labor, forced
construction of Eastern Wall, 209
deportations, 113, 130-131, 224
impact on agriculture, 130-13 5
Jews, 62
labor camps, 65, 75, 133—135
lack of resistance to, 135
local, 113, 131-13 3
negative impact on mood, 224
Lake Ilmen, 40, 67, 93
Lake Ladoga, 208
Lake Peipus (Chudskoe ozero)y 9, 67, 127
Lake Samro, 105-106
Lake Seliger, 9
land reform, 118-130, 135, 223, See also
decollectivization
Latvians, in northwest Russia, 97, 170
Lüdtke, Alf, 163
Leibovich, Vladimir, 80
Leningrad
evacuation of, 47
Great Terror, 30
Jews in, 79
siege of, 2, 11, 88, 208
Leningrad region, 9, 31, 45, 75
250
Index
lethal injections, 71, 73
letter writing, 53-54
Liady district, 66, 165
Lithuanians, in northwest Russia, 170
Liuban, 55, 72, 133, 147
local government, 163—169, 198
Lohse, Hinrich, 68
Lomagin, Nikita, 176
looting, 48-49, 55-56, in
Lovat River, 9
loyalties
fragility, 180, 201-202, 219, 226-227
limited pro-German, 1
Russian patriotism, 15
Luftwaffe, 132
Luga
anti-German mood, 204
antipartisan units, 174
bombing of, 42
famine in, 105, 107
forced labor by Jews, 62
partisan sympathies, 195
relief efforts, 143
Luga district, 104, 216
Luga region, 23, 31, 42, 44
Magnetic Mountain: Stalinism as a Civilization
(Kotkin), 7
Makarevo, 72
Malaia Vishera, 217
Malaia Vyra, 76
Malashenek, Zinaida, 64
Masarskii, Leonid, 62
Mein Kampf (Hitler), 204
mentally disabled people, 59-60, 70-74, 81,
See also disabled people
Merevo, 23, 132, 165
Merridale, Catherine, 5
Mezhnik, 53
Miasnoi Bor, 93
Milodezh, 31
Mironov, Boris, 125
missionaries. See Pskov Orthodox Mission
mobilization, 39-44, 124, 222
Moglino, 64
Moglino concentration camp, 78
Mogutovo, 70
Molchanov, Vasilii, 133, 160
Narodnyi komissariat vnutrennikh del (NKVD/
People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs),
22, 29-31
Nazis. See Germans
Nevdachina, Nadezhda, 30
Nevel, 63, 214
Nevel district, 75
New Agrarian Order, n8—i^oy 135, 223,
See also decollectivization
New Economic Policy, 19
Nikiforov, Mikhail, 1
Nikolaeva, Tamara, 79
Nikolskoe, 71
Nikulkino, 23
Nivki, 192
NKVD (People’s Commissariat of Internal
Affairs/Narodnyi komissariat vnutrennikh
del)y 22, 29-31
northwest Russia
attacks on religion, 25—26
demographics, 96
early wartime attitudes, 40-42, 58
evacuation during invasion, 44-49, 58
famine in, 88-112
geography and demographics, 9-12, 21
Holocaust in, 59—65, 221
Jewish population of, 60-61, 82
Jews in, 48
local governance during occupation, 163-169,
176-177, 224
occupation administration, 11—12
popular political attitudes, 89, 111-112,
221-227
prewar grain procurement crises, 19—20
prewar Stalinism in, 15
Novgorod
bombing of, 42
evacuation of, 47
Kolmovo mental hospital, 70
occupation of, 101
partisans near, 189
postwar popular mood, 218
Novgorod district, 20, 41, 48
Novorzhev, 69, 77, 125, 174, 197
Novosele district, 19, 25, 189
nursing homes, 73
Obedkov, Aleksandr, 25
occupation, German. See also invasion, German
aftermath, 211-219
common narrative, 221
communal farms during, 118-130
end of, 201-202, 208-211, 219, 227
enforcement of agricultural quotas during
occupation, 115-118, 126-129, 167
historical sources, 12-15
impact of atrocities on popular attitudes,
86-87, 127, 131
initial response to, 15
limits of German control, 128-129, 166-169,
224
Index
251
overview, 2—4
power structure, 16, 163-164
Soviet power in, 162
support based in material needs, 16, 176—177,
198
support for, 5
territory under, 9—11
trade during, 109-111
troops to civilians ratio, 91
Old Believers, 178
old people, 73
Operation Barbarossa, 90, 190
Opochka
dekulakization, 32
Jews in, 62-63, 65 82
POWs from, 85
Opochka district, 1, 19, 142
Oredezh, 46
Oredezh district, 54
Organisation Todt, 132
Orthodox Church. See Russian Orthodox
Church
Orthodox Mission in the Liberated Regions of
Russia. See Pskov Orthodox Mission
Ortskommandanturen, 11
Osarbeiter, 130-131
Osmino district, 106, 165
Ostarbeiter, 130-131
Ostrov, 144, 174
Ostrov district, 20, 65, 189
Overy, Richard, 4
Pale of Settlement, 60, 82
Palkino district, 19, 31, 45
partisan insurgency
antipartisan forces, 171, 173—177, 224
auxiliary police and, 173
calculated pragmatism towards, 194—198
conscription, 184
emergence of, 16, 181-182
expansion of, 182-183, 225
German counterinsurgency campaign,
190-194
Jews treated as, 68
looting by, 106, 128, 183
partisan zones, 18 6-18 8
POW stories, 8 5
propaganda, 227
relationship with clergy, 148-150
reputed association of Roma with, 67-69
response to Soviet atrocities, 214
successes, 208—209
sympathizers, 149, 180, 192-194, 225
targets of, 176
terrorism, 185-190, 198
patriotism, Russian
anti-German, 4—3, 16, 206
anti-Soviet, 15-16, 177-179
calculated pragmatism, 6
church, 224
at end of occupation, 211-213
evaluation of, 226—227
German exploitation of, 202—204
impact of POW stories, 8 5—87
letter writing, 5 3-5 4
mobilization and, 39—42
response to occupation, 15
role of religion, 16, 152—153, 157, 160, 224
Soviet identity and, 227
Pavlovsk (Slutsk), 65, 91, 93, 157
Pavlovsk (Slutsk) district, 165
peasantry. See also collectivization; popular
mood; pragmatism, calculated
anti-Soviet attitudes, 7-9, 17-26, 31-34,
37-38, 41-42.
burden of forced labor, 130—13 5
decollectivization, 48—49, 113—136
demographics, 21
evacuation during invasion, 44—49, 58
fears of Stalinism, 201-202, 219
Germans seen as liberators by, 8, 16, 33—34,
37-38, 51-55. 58, 62, 113, 115-118,
12i—124» 135. 177“I79 202-203,
223—224
gulf between partisans and, 187—188
labor shortages, 124
loss of faith in German liberation, 202-206
of northwest Russia, 9-11
passive resistance, 127-129
Red Army, 40—42
resistance to collectivization, 18—20, 24, 31—32
Russian Orthodox Church, 136
spontaneous decollectivization, 49
in unoccupied Russia, 215, 217-219
urban migration, 26, 3 5
village governance, 163-169
wartime experiences, 2
Pechory, 57, 62-63
Pelgora, 25
Petrova, Aleksandra, 132
Petrova, Anna, 42, 47, 79
Pirozhkova, Vera
anti-Soviet attitude, 3 5-3 6
decollectivization, 114, 121
Germans as liberators, 3 3
on Red Army, 44, 48
treatment of POWs, 86
welcome of Germans, 54-55
Pliussa district, 20, 45
Poddore district, 174, 192
Index
252
Poddube, 217
Podgoshchi, 147
Poliakova, Olimpiada
collaboration of former Communists, 180—181
famine, 91-92, 104
forced labor deportations, 131
initial lack of concern of Jews, 51, 61
loss of faith in German liberation, 203
murders of elderly, 73
police, auxiliary, 169—177, 214, 224
politsai, 175
Pomerane, 97
popular mood. See also loyalties; patriotism,
Russian
aftermath of occupation, 214—219, 221
ambiguity, 58
anti-Soviet, 35—36, 221—227
collectivization, 40
decollectivization, 115—118
difficulty of resistance, 222
fear of partisans, 185—190
fear of Soviet return, 201—202, 219
impact of German propaganda, 215, 217—219
partisan sympathies, 149, 192—194, 225
party reports, 41
patriotism, 16
Pskov Orthodox Mission, 153-160
Red Army, 211—213
return of Bolshevism, 211—213
toward local governance, r 76-177
toward local police services, 175
popular mood, toward Germans
agricultural quotas, 115—118
agricultural quotas during occupation, 115—118,
126—129, 167
ambiguity, 58
calculated pragmatism, 6, 37, 194—198
during invasion, 40-42, 51—55
forced labor mobilization, 135
impact of atrocities, 86—87, 127, 131, 223
limited impact of starvation on, 89, in-112
limits to, 1
local governance, 163—169
loss of faith in liberation, 202-206
positive views of, 8, 33—34, 51-55, 62, 113,
121-124, 177—179
reaction to impending German retreat,
209—210, 219, 224
religious revival, 157, 160, 224
resentment, 224
Russian national identity, 16
starvation seen as result of war, 16, 223
treatment of POWs, 84-86
turning point, 201, 219
Porkhov, 65, 103, 126
Porkhov district, 192
postrevisionism, 7
postwar years, 215—219
power, relating to. See also pragmatism,
calculated
calculated pragmatism, 6, 16, 37, 194-199
ideological motivations, 177—181, 198—199
local officials, 163—169, 198
material motivations, 16, 176-177, 198
overview, 162—163, 224—225
partisan movement, 181—194, 198—199
police services, 169—175, 198
POWs (prisoners of war). See prisoners of war
(POWs)
pragmatism, calculated
of clergy, 224
navigation of power structure, 16, 37, 194—199,
225—226
performative Stalinism, 8
religious displays as, 159
response to collectivization, 16, 33—34
support of German occupation, 6, 37
turning point, 219
Pravoslavnyi Khristianin (publication), 152
priests. See clergy
prisoners of war (POWs)
anti-Sovietism, 177—178
charity efforts, 144
conditions of camps, 57, 75—77, 85, 223
during occupation, 16
Jewish, 76, 80
Nazi mass murder of, 60, 74-77
Nazi policies of annihilation, 2
numbers, 89
popular views of treatment of, 84—86
releases, 82
survival efforts of, 81—82
propaganda
agitprop, 41
anti-German, 49—50, 61, 85, 217—218
antisemitic, 83
atrocities dismissed as, 50-51, 61—62, 87
clergy as German, 146—148
impact of German on anti-Soviet attitudes,
202-203, 2.15, 217—219
partisan, 227
portrayal of partisans, 181
POWs used as anti-German, 8 5
situation at front, 208
Soviet at end of occupation, 212
prostitution, 101—102
“Protocols of the Elders of Zion,” 83, 151
Pskov
anupartisan terrorism, 174
community politics, 168
Index
2-53
evacuation of, 47-48
fall of, 44
fear of returning Soviets, 213
German “pacification” operation, 57—58
grievances against collectivization, 3 3
Jews in, 62, 64, 78-79
mental hospital in, 73
occupation, 35
POW camps, 85
prewar conditions, 28
retreat from, 48
Roma in, 80
trade in, no
Pskov Orthodox Mission. See also Russian
Orthodox Church
antisemitism, 150-152
assistance to POWs, 81
efforts of, 141-145
famine and, 91
origins, 137-141
patriotism of, 16
political roles, 145-153, 160-161
popular response, 153-161
Pskov region, 23, 25, 104
psychiatric patients, 70—74, See also disabled
people
Pushkin
fell of, 44
femine in, 91-93, 103
murder of Jews in, 63-64
nursing home, 73
Pushkinskie Gory district, 20, 142
Pustoshka, 176
Pustoshka district, 209
rationing, 27, 91, 99, in, See also starvation
Red Army. See also prisoners of war (POWs)
lack of confidence in, 43-44
peasant attitudes toward, 40-42
people’s fear of, 227
poor state of, 47—48
popular reception after occupation, 211-213
reclamation of occupied territory, 211-219
retreat from German invasion, 44—49, 58
scorched earth policy, 57, 89, in
Red Cross, 143
refugees, famine, 103—108
Reichskommissariaten, n
relief efforts, 88, 95-97, 106-108, 143—145
religion. See also Pskov Orthodox Mission;
Russian Orthodox Church
attacks on, 25—26, 30
revival, 16, 140-141, 152-153, 157, 160, 224
resistance. See also partisan insurgency
acceptance of forced labor, 135
to agricultural quotas, 127, 167
anti-Soviet, 7-9, 17, 31-32, 41-42
to collectivization, 18-20, 24, 31-32.
implications of term, 162
of intelligentsia to Soviets, 35—36
lack of anti-German, 223
lack of anti-Soviet, 40, 222-223
passive, 127—129
state suppression of, 222-223
revisionism, 6
Roma
during occupation, 16
Nazi mass murder of, 59—60, 64, 66—70, 77,
152, 221, 223
survival efforts of, 79
treatment by Russians, 84
Rosenberg, Alfred, 95, 119
Russian Liberation Army (ROA¡Russkaia
Osvoboditelnaia Armiia), 204—206
Russian national identity. See patriotism, Russian
Russian Orthodox Church. See also Pskov
Orthodox Mission
anti-Soviet stance, 137, 152-153, 160, 178,
215
anti-Stalinism, 136
grassroots revival, 140-141
patriotism of, 16, 224, 227
political ambivalence of, 224
popular support, 224
Soviet attacks on, 25-26, 30, 137
support for New Agrarian Order, 123, 147
Savelev, Vasilii, 55, 86, 103, 105-106, hi—112,
194
Savina, Aleksandra, 23, 216
schools, 142—143, 203
Schutzstaffel (SS), 12, 57, 63, 65, 70, 73, 84, 95
scopolamine, 71
scorched earth, 45, 57, 89, hi, 209-210
SD {Sicherheitsdienst/Secxinxy Service), 144, 147,
i49, 174
Sebezh, 9, 62, 64, 105
Sebezh district, 149, 209
2nd Leningrad Partisan Brigade, 187
2nd Shock Army (Soviet), 93
self-government, 163—169, 198
Seredkino district, 25
seredniaki, 21
Shimsk district, 218
Shoah Foundation, University of Southern
California, 79
Shostakovich, Dmitrii, 157
Sicherheitsdienst (SD/Security Service), 144, 147,
i49, 174
Siverskaia, 147
254
Index
Siverskaia district, 178
667th Eastern Battalion (anti-partisan unit), 174
16th Army (German), 76, 88, 91, 99
Siantsy district, 51, 195
Sluditsy, 54
Slutsk (Pavlovsk), 91, 93, 157
Slutsk (Pavlovsk) district, 165
Smirnova, Evgeniia, 103
Sologubovka, 132
Soltsy, 108
sources, for this book, 12—15
The Soviet Citizen (Inkeles and Bauer), 33
Soviet Extraordinary Commission investigations,
67, 93
Soviets. See also Bolsheviks; Red Army
anti-Soviet attitudes, 35—36
anti-Soviet patriotism, 16, 177—179
evacuations, 89, 163, 222
identity, 4—5, 227
partisan insurgency, 214
popular fears of, 201-202, 213, 219
power during occupation, 162
POWs, 177-178
propaganda, 212, 215, 217—219
Russian Orthodox Church and, 25—26, 30,
137, 141, 152-153, 160, 178, 215
sovietization of Ukraine, 166
state violence, 178
SS (.Schutzstaffel), 12, 57, 63, 65, 70, 73, 84, 95
Stakhanov, Andrei, 29
Stakhanovitism, 29
Stalinism. See also Bolsheviks; Soviets
fears of peasants, 201—202, 222—223
Germans seen as end to, 8, 16, 33—34, 37—38,
52, 115—118, 177—179, 202—203, 224
historiography, 6—7
impact of pre-war, r 5
intelligentsia resistance to, 35—36
lack of collective resistance to, 40, 222—223
liberalization of religious policy, 150
in local government, 164, 179
Orthodox Church denunciation of, 137,
152—153, 160, 178, 215, 224
peasant resistance to, 7—9, 41-42
performative, 8
popular mood on return of, 211—2x3
Russian Orthodox Church denouncements of,
136, 152-153, 160
trade in, 108, 1 to
wartime, 2
Stalinism, prewar. See also Bolsheviks; Soviets
appeal of, 35
attacks on religion, 25—26, 137
Great Terror, 29—31, 34
impact on peasantry, 18—26, 32—34, 37—38
impact on urban life, 27—29, 34—37
peasant resistance to, 17, 31-32
peasant urbanization, 3 5
societal double consciousness, 37
Staraia Russia, 64, 76, 84, 102, 133
starosty (village elders), 163-169
starshiny (district elders), 163—164
starvation. See also prisoners of war (POWs)
agricultural quotas during occupation, 115-118
agricultural quotas under occupation, 126—129,
167
children, 92—93, 99
close to front lines, 89-98, 132, 223
of disabled patients, 70—71, 73
during invasion, 42
extent in northwest Russia, 88-89
food rations for Jews, 63
German food policy, 16, 90—95, 99
German response to, 88, 95—99, 107—108
illegal trade, 108-1x1
internment camps, 57
on kolkhoz, 23—25
labor camps, 134
labor shortages, 124, 130—135
Leningrad siege, 2,11
policies of annihilation, 2, 11, 75, 88, 95, 99,
hi
post-occupation period, 216—218
POWs, 74-77» 85, 223
preconditions, 37, 89—90
prewar, 19—20, 27—28
refugees, 103—108
relief efforts, 88, 95-97, 106-108, 143-145
scorched earth policy, 45
seen as result of war, 16, 223
survival efforts, 100—102
state violence. See also atrocities
anti-Soviet support for Germans, 178
deportation, 21—23, 30—32
effects of, 34, 37
Great Terror, 22, 29—31, 178
suppression of resistance, 222—223
against suspected collaborators, 213—215
troikas, 187
use of informant networks, 3 2
Stragorodskii, Sergii, 138
subdistrict (volost) governance, 163
T4 program, 70-74
Tailov, Georgii, 159
Taitsy, 139, 157
Tetiaeva, Tamara, 172—173
Tikhvin, 9, 178
Tosno district, 25, 40, 165
town governance, 163
Index
2.55
travel restrictions, 104-105
Trebekha, 180
troikas, 187
Troitsyna, Tamara, 46, 50, 167
Tsarist Russia, 82
Turetskii-Vladimirov, Mikhail, 62, 78
28th Army Corps (German), 72, 108
285th Security Division (German), 191
281st Security Division (German)
counterinsurgency campaign, 191
losses, 208-209
murders of Roma, 68
response to famine, 99, 105
starvation of POWs, 8 5
Ukraine
evasionism, 226
Jews in, 84
murders of Roma, 70
religion in, 140, 143
sovietization of, 166
urban areas
hunger in, 89, 108—in
intelligentsia, 35—36
looting during invasion, 48
market conditions, 108-m
peasant migration to, 26, 3 5
Stalinism and, 27—29, 34—35, 37
trade in, 108—rn
US Holocaust Memorial Museum, 74
Vasilkovichi, 66, 79
Vaulinye Gory, 64
Velikanova, Olga, 41
Velikie Luki, 9, 62, 208
village governance, 163—169, 176—177
“village idiots,” 164
Vinkourova, Vera, 128
violence- See atrocities
Vlasov, Andrei, 204-206
Vlasov movement, 179, 227
Volkhov, 106
Volkhov River, 9
Volksdeutsche, 96
Voloshovo district, 106
Volosovo district, 118, 125, 128, 147, 165
Volot district, 180, 195
von Kiichler, Georg, 96—97
von Roques, Franz, 139—140, 191
Voskresenskii, Metropolitan Sergii, 138-140
Votes, 96
Vyritsa, 63, 80
Vyskidno, 43
wages, 23, 27
Wagner, Eduard, 75
Weber, Josefine, 78
Wehrmacht. See also specific units
Army Group North, n, 90, 98, 191-192,
198
calculated pragmatism toward, 195—197, 219
counterinsurgency campaign, 190-194
food supplies, 90—91, hi
helping of Jews, 80
murder of disabled people, 70
POW recruitment, 82
response to famine, 88, 97-99, 107—108
tolerance of Russian Orthodox Church, 139
use of Russian labor, 100-101, 131-13 3
Weiner, Amir, 227
Wetzel, Erhard, 95
Winter War, 29, 44
women, 101-102
World War I, 62
youth, 211, See also children
Zagromote, 79
Zaitsevo, 165, 179
Zapishene, 167
Zherebud, 197, 216
Zverinskaia, Mariia, 23
(
Bayerisch®
Staatsbibliothek
Münch««*
J
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Enstad, Johannes Due 1983- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1064910114 |
| author_facet | Enstad, Johannes Due 1983- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Enstad, Johannes Due 1983- |
| author_variant | j d e jd jde |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045309794 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1047854020 (DE-599)GBV1023208962 |
| edition | First published |
| era | Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1939-1945 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>05679nam a2200973 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV045309794</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20190513 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">181126s2018 a||| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781108421263</subfield><subfield code="c">hardback</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-108-42126-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781108431668</subfield><subfield code="c">pbk.</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-108-43166-8</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)1047854020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)GBV1023208962</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-M352</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-Re13</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">HIST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">h 38.10</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">q 462</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">h 80</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">h 66.1</subfield><subfield code="2">ifzs</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Enstad, Johannes Due</subfield><subfield code="d">1983-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1064910114</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation</subfield><subfield code="b">fragile loyalties in World War II</subfield><subfield code="c">Johannes Due Enstad, University of Oslo</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">First published</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cambridge ; New York, NY</subfield><subfield code="b">Cambridge University Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2018</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xvii, 255 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Karten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">New studies in European history</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Life in the 1930s and the limits of Stalinist civilization -- Hopes and fears: popular responses to the invasion -- Facing annihilation -- The ghost of hunger -- "More meat, milk, and bread than in the Stalinist kolkhoz": life in the de-collectivized village -- Religious revival and the Pskov Orthodox mission -- Relating to German and Soviet power -- Hopes and fears, revisited: the end and aftermath of occupation -- Conclusion</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"In this compelling account of life and death in a Russian province under Nazi occupation, Johannes D. Enstad challenges received wisdom about Russian patriotism during World War II. With the benefit of hindsight, we know how hopelessly destructive Germany's war against the Soviet Union was. Yet ordinary Russians witnessing the advancing German forces saw things differently. For many of them, having lived through collectivization and Stalinist terror in the 1930s, the invasion created hopes of a better life without the Bolsheviks. German policies on land and church helped sustain those hopes for parts of the population. Drawing on Soviet and German archival sources as well as eyewitness accounts, memoirs, and diaries, Enstad demonstrates the impact of Nazi rule on the mostly peasant population of northwest Russia and offers a reconsideration of the relationship between the Soviet regime and its core Russian population at this crucial moment in their history."--Provided by publisher</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1939-1945</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Besetzung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006020-2</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Zweiter Weltkrieg</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4079167-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Besatzungspolitik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4005975-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Deutschland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4011882-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Germany</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Heer</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">World War, 1939-1945</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Germany</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Heer</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Soviet Union</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">History</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">German occupation, 1941-1944</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Soviet Union</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Soviet Union, Northwestern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Peasants</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Social conditions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Peasants</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Social conditions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Soviet Union, Northwestern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">World War, 1939-1945</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Soviet Union, Northwestern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Germany / Heer / History / World War, 1939-1945</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Peasants / Soviet Union, Northwestern / Social conditions / 20th century</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">World War, 1939-1945 / Soviet Union, Northwestern</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="653" ind1=" " ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Soviet Union / History / German occupation, 1941-1944</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Sowjetunion</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4077548-3</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Deutschland</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4011882-4</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Zweiter Weltkrieg</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4079167-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Besetzung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4006020-2</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Besatzungspolitik</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4005975-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="5"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1939-1945</subfield><subfield code="A">z</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">https://www.recensio.net/r/1b7330b61f5a4cc6abfec80551c99be3</subfield><subfield code="y">rezensiert in: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas / jgo.e-reviews, JGO 69 (2021), 3, S. 512-514</subfield><subfield code="3">Rezension</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="u">http://www.sehepunkte.de/2019/12/33084.html</subfield><subfield code="y">rezensiert in: sehepunkte 19 (2019), Nr. 12</subfield><subfield code="3">Rezension</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Literaturverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Register // Gemischte Register</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">DHB</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">oe</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">DHB_IFZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">DHB_BSB_FID</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030696782</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">909</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">43</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">355.009</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">306.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="f">09044</subfield><subfield code="g">947.08</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Sowjetunion Deutschland |
| id | DE-604.BV045309794 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:14:32Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781108421263 9781108431668 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030696782 |
| oclc_num | 1047854020 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M352 DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-M352 DE-12 DE-Re13 DE-BY-UBR DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | xvii, 255 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| psigel | DHB_IFZ DHB_BSB_FID |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateSearch | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | New studies in European history |
| spelling | Enstad, Johannes Due 1983- Verfasser (DE-588)1064910114 aut Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II Johannes Due Enstad, University of Oslo First published Cambridge ; New York, NY Cambridge University Press 2018 xvii, 255 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier New studies in European history Life in the 1930s and the limits of Stalinist civilization -- Hopes and fears: popular responses to the invasion -- Facing annihilation -- The ghost of hunger -- "More meat, milk, and bread than in the Stalinist kolkhoz": life in the de-collectivized village -- Religious revival and the Pskov Orthodox mission -- Relating to German and Soviet power -- Hopes and fears, revisited: the end and aftermath of occupation -- Conclusion "In this compelling account of life and death in a Russian province under Nazi occupation, Johannes D. Enstad challenges received wisdom about Russian patriotism during World War II. With the benefit of hindsight, we know how hopelessly destructive Germany's war against the Soviet Union was. Yet ordinary Russians witnessing the advancing German forces saw things differently. For many of them, having lived through collectivization and Stalinist terror in the 1930s, the invasion created hopes of a better life without the Bolsheviks. German policies on land and church helped sustain those hopes for parts of the population. Drawing on Soviet and German archival sources as well as eyewitness accounts, memoirs, and diaries, Enstad demonstrates the impact of Nazi rule on the mostly peasant population of northwest Russia and offers a reconsideration of the relationship between the Soviet regime and its core Russian population at this crucial moment in their history."--Provided by publisher Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd rswk-swf Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 gnd rswk-swf Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd rswk-swf Besatzungspolitik (DE-588)4005975-3 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Germany Heer History World War, 1939-1945 Soviet Union German occupation, 1941-1944 Soviet Union, Northwestern Peasants Social conditions Germany / Heer / History / World War, 1939-1945 Peasants / Soviet Union, Northwestern / Social conditions / 20th century World War, 1939-1945 / Soviet Union, Northwestern Soviet Union / History / German occupation, 1941-1944 Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 s Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 s Besatzungspolitik (DE-588)4005975-3 s Geschichte 1939-1945 z DE-604 https://www.recensio.net/r/1b7330b61f5a4cc6abfec80551c99be3 rezensiert in: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas / jgo.e-reviews, JGO 69 (2021), 3, S. 512-514 Rezension http://www.sehepunkte.de/2019/12/33084.html rezensiert in: sehepunkte 19 (2019), Nr. 12 Rezension Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Enstad, Johannes Due 1983- Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd Besatzungspolitik (DE-588)4005975-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4006020-2 (DE-588)4079167-1 (DE-588)4005975-3 (DE-588)4077548-3 (DE-588)4011882-4 |
| title | Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II |
| title_auth | Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II |
| title_exact_search | Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II |
| title_full | Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II Johannes Due Enstad, University of Oslo |
| title_fullStr | Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II Johannes Due Enstad, University of Oslo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation fragile loyalties in World War II Johannes Due Enstad, University of Oslo |
| title_short | Soviet Russians under Nazi occupation |
| title_sort | soviet russians under nazi occupation fragile loyalties in world war ii |
| title_sub | fragile loyalties in World War II |
| topic | Besetzung (DE-588)4006020-2 gnd Zweiter Weltkrieg (DE-588)4079167-1 gnd Besatzungspolitik (DE-588)4005975-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Besetzung Zweiter Weltkrieg Besatzungspolitik Sowjetunion Deutschland |
| url | https://www.recensio.net/r/1b7330b61f5a4cc6abfec80551c99be3 http://www.sehepunkte.de/2019/12/33084.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030696782&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT enstadjohannesdue sovietrussiansundernazioccupationfragileloyaltiesinworldwarii |