Russia abroad: driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Washington, DC
Georgetown University Press
[2018]
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | viii, 220 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9781626166196 9781626166202 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804178948734582784 |
|---|---|
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INDEX
Abkhazia, separation from Georgia, 49-51,
83,96,99
Acemoglu, Daron, 174
Afghanistan: border of, 121; Central Asian
relations, 124; drug trafficking and, 123;
Soviet occupation of, 160-61; state capa-
bilities of, 31; US intervention in, 161
Africa: decolonization in, 25; regional
fracture in, 25-26, 104; South-South
regionalism in, 178
Akhmetov, Kazakh Uaiikhan, 125
Albania: neighbor relations, 141, 143,
144-45; out-migration from, 151 n3;
tourism in, 141
Aliyev, Heydar, 94, 99
al-Qaeda, 106,160—61, 164
Ambrosio, Thomas, 132
Arab League, 155
Arab Spring, 11, 155, 162-64
Arbuzov, Serhiy, 69
Armenia, 4, 110-17; Azerbaijani relations,
92,97-99,101 n6, 111, 174; borders of,
82-83; culture of, 114-15; economic
fragility of, 116-17; energy, dependence
on Russia for, 51, 56nl0; ethnic conflict
in, 114-15; EU relations, 90-91,117;
external hegemons and, 84; foreign
policy of, 111-13; GDP of, 85; in-
dependence of, 111; informal power
networks in, 85-87; Iranian relations,
94, 111; isolation of, 90, 111; middle
class of, 115-16; national identity in,
88; Pan-Armenian National Movement
(1989-98), 99; public backlash against
Russia in, 24; regional fracture caused
by Russia in, 19; regional integration
of, 90-91; Russian relations, 51-52,
84, 93-94,97, 109,111-13; small state
strategy for, 113-14; Turkish relations,
51,90,93, 111; Ukrainian relations, 112.
See also Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
Asia. See specific countries and regions
Asian cultural traditions, 115
Assad, Bashar al-, 53 - 54,157,160,163-65
Assad, Hafez al-, 157
Austro-Hungarian empire, Western Balkans
and, 171
authoritarianism: economic regionalism,
resistance to, 123; in Middle East, 11,
155, 162-66; regionalism and, 90, 92;
resurgence of, 175-76; security and, 124;
in Ukraine, 60-66
Aylisli, Akram, 99, 102n7
Azarov, Mykola, 69
Azerbaijan: Armenian relations, 92, 97-99,
101 n6, 111, 174; borders, defining,
82-83; Central Asian relations, 109;
energy, dependence on Russia for, 50;
energy resources of, 87,92, 94; EU
relations, 92; external hegemons and, 84;
GDP of, 85; Georgian relations, 94-95;
informal power networks in, 85-87;
Iranian relations, 93; national identity
in, 88, 99; Russian relations, 51-52,
84; Turkish relations, 94-95. See also
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
209
210
Index
Balkans region. See Western Balkans
Barnett, Michael, 29
Bechev, Dimitar, 5, 6,13-14, 137, 171
Beissinger, Mark, 26, 27
Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), 130, 131
Berlin Process, 140
Bibilunga, Nikolay, 47
bilateralism: regional fracture and, 26; of
Russian foreign policy, 43, 128; in South
Caucasian states, 9,82,93-95; of United
States, 175-78
Black Sea, Russian access to, 46, 48
border conflicts: in Central Asia, 15, 39,
124-25; disputed colonial borders, 108;
foreign policy alignment and, 42-43;
in South Caucasus, 81-83; in Western
Balkans, 143
border creation and definition: in Central
Asia, 121-22; colonialism and, 108;
external hegemons and, 39; in Middle
East, 158-59; in South Caucasus, 82-83
Bosnia and Herzegovina: EU relations, 142;
NATO involvement in, 148; Russian
relations, 149-50; Serbian relations, 144;
statehood of, 142—43; Turkish relations,
149
Brazil, regional governance and, 5
Bremer, Stuart, 42
Brexit, 1, 2
BRI (Belt and Road Initiative), 130, 131
Broers, Laurence, 5, 6,7, 9, 32, 81
Brysyakina, L. A., 48
Brzezinski, Zbigniew, 44, 62—63,106,
169-70
Buranelli, Filippo Costa, 132
Bush, George W., 95, 157, 164
Buzan, Barry, 23
Catherine the Great (empress of Russia),
76-77
Caucasus region. See South Caucasus
CDC (Community of Democratic Choice),
68,71, 88
CEFTA (Central European Free Trade
Agreement), 140, 141
Central Asia, 119-34; Afghanistan relations,
124; Azerbaijani relations, 109; Belt
and Road Initiative (BRI) and, 130,
131; border conflict in, 15, 39, 124-25;
Chinese relations, 15,127, 129-30,
133; definition of region, 120-22; EU
relations, 126; external powers and
hegemonic regionalism, 15, 126-31;
geopolitical vulnerabilities of, 104-5;
heartland theory and, 106-7; New Silk
Road (NSR) project in, 126-27; norms
and discourse, 131 -33; political space in,
8; regional autonomy to combat external
influence, 177; regional fracture in, 5, 84,
120 - 25; regional identity and external
hegemony, 125-26; regional institutions
in, 14-15, 35, 126; Russian relations, 126,
127-29, 133; United States relations, 15,
121, 126-27, 131; US-EU relations and,
109. See also specific countries
Central European Free Trade Agreement
(CEFTA), 140,141
Chan, Steve, 177
Chechnya, Russian intervention in, 43,
160-61
chemical weapons, 53
China: Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) of,
130, 131; Central Asian relations, 15,
127, 129-30, 133; Inner Asia, influence
in, 121 ; regional autonomy to combat
influence of, 176-77; regional insti-
tutions in, 35; regionalism and, 130;
Russian relations, 131; South Caucasus
and, 100; Soviet relations, 121; United
States relations, 8
Chornovil, Taras, 63
Chornovil, Viacheslav, 62
CIS. See Commonwealth of Independent
States
Clinton, Hillary, 127
Cold War: containment policy, 106; islands of
power syndrome, 30; Israel-US relations
and, 165; Middle East borders during,
158-59; proxy war strategies, 175; regional
fracture, Russian exploitation of, 153
Index
211
Collective Security Treaty Organization
(CSTO): Armenian membership in, 51;
Central Asia and, 127-28; geographic
contiguity and, 51; Kyrgyzstan riots and,
5; maintenance of Russian influence
through, 33; South Caucasian states and,
90; Ukraine and, 69
Collins, Kathleen, 123
colonialism, 104, 108, 154, 172. See also
decolonization; postcolonial regional
fracture
Common Economic Space, 62, 67
Commonwealth of Independent States
(CIS): Central Asia and, 127; Russian
security assurances through, 47, 49, 51;
South Caucasian states and, 51, 88, 90;
Ukraine and, 61-62, 67,68
Community of Democratic Choice (CDC),
68,71, 88
comparative regional studies: institutional
bias of, 33; overlay of great power
influence and, 16, 29, 40; regional
fracture organization and, 21, 39-40,
139; regional integration and, 174-75;
socially constructed regions and, 37
complementarity foreign policy, 90, 111-12
conflict: culture of, 114-15; decolonization
and, 25—26, 26i; geographical proximity
and, 108; in post-Soviet states, 38;
regional fracture and, 6, 15, 21, 172-73;
shatterbelts or zones, 24, 40nl; social
capital deficiency and, 38; in Western
Balkans, 143—45, 14%. See also border
conflicts; specific conflicts and conflict
regions
constructivism, 20,28, 36-37,42, 120
Cooper, Robert, 68,75, 77
corruption: in Central Asia, 124-25,
127, 130; in Macedonia, 145; in South
Caucasus region, 114, 116; in Ukraine,
45, 56n3, 62
Council of Europe, 89
crime: drug trafficking, 5, 16, 35, 123;
organized, 123, 143; trade in illicit goods,
123. See also corruption; terrorism
Crimean Peninsula, Russian annexation of,
43,46, 171
Croatia: EU relations, 139, 141 -42; Serbian
relations, 144; tourism in, 141
CSTO. See Collective Security Treaty
Organization
culture, conflict and, 114-15
Customs Union, 1, 51,68-69. See also
Eurasian Economic Union
cybersecurity, 35
decolonization, 25-27, 26t, 172
Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area
(DCFTA), 69-70, 89
de facto states, 96-99, 101 n5
democracy and democratization: Arab
Spring and, 155, 163; in Asia, 115;
erosion of, 3, 14; in Middle East, 53,
161; postcolonial regional fracture and,
103-4, 172, 177; protests against, 28;
regional fracture as impediment to,
107; in Ukraine, 60, 64-65; in Western
Balkans, 14, 138, 145-47, 147*
divide-and-conquer policies, 10-11, 16, 51, 175
Djukanovic, Milo, 146
Dodik, Milorad, 14, 143,146, 149
Donaldson, Robert, 51
Doyle, Michael, 25
drug trafficking, 5, 16, 35, 123
Duvall, Raymond, 29
Eastern Partnership (EaP), 89, 91, 172
EEU. See Eurasian Economic Union
Egypt: Gaza strip, control of, 158; Russian
relations, 157, 160; United States
relations, 163
Emerson, Guy, 120, 131
empire, defined, 25
energy resources: Central Asian conflict and,
127; dependence on Russia for, 43, 46,
48, 51, 54, 63, 108; oil and gas pipelines
through Europe, 48, 50, 69, 94, 149; oil
pipelines through Middle East, 54; oil
prices, 55; regional fracture resulting
from lack of, 7
212
Index
ENP (European Neighborhood Policy), 67,
89,109
entrepreneurial fracture, 9, 96-98, 170
environmental degradation, 5, 35
ethnic groups: in Armenia, conflict among,
114-15; in Central Asia, 122, 124;
ethnoterritorial conflict and regional
fracture, 84; in Moldova, conflict
among, 47, 56n4; nationalism of, 145;
post-Soviet conflict among, 38; regional
fracture caused by Russia among, 19,
26,47; social capital and, 38,40n7; in
South Caucasus, conflict among, 83, 84,
96, 99; state failure, conflict and, 172;
in Syria, 156; Ukrainians as distinct, 44;
in Western Balkans, conflict among,
144-45, 148,171. See also Kurdish ethnic
group
EUFOR (European Union Force), 142,
149-50
Eurasia, defined, 121, 129
Eurasian Economic Space. See Common
Economic Space
Eurasian Economic Union (EEU): Armenia
and, 91; Central Asia and, 128-29;
Chinese relations, 131; creation of, 1;
economic vs. regional benefits of, 172;
Russian national interests and, 33, 36,
168, 173; South Caucasian states and,
90-91; Ukraine and, 68; United States
joining, 40n2
Europe and European Union (EU): Arme-
nian relations, 90-91, 117; Azerbaijan
relations, 92; Brexit and, 1,2; Central
Asian relations, 126; Eastern Partnership
Agreement of, 40n2; Georgian relations,
50, 90-91, 109; Kurdish people and,
158-59; Middle Eastern relations, 155;
Moldovan relations, 47; oil pipelines
through, 48, 50, 54; refugee crisis in,
24, 146; regionalism and, 2; soft power,
weakening of, 148-49, 151; South
Caucasus relations, 89-91; South Stream
pipeline project, 54; terrorist attacks in,
24; Ukrainian relations, 61 -62,65,67,
68-71,79, 80n4; United States relations,
109; Western Balkans relations, 13-14,
137-40, 141-43,145,148,171-72.5^
also specific countries
European Neighborhood Policy (ENP), 67,
89, 109
EU-TRACECA transport corridor, 89
Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs), 46
external hegemons: border creation and
definition, 39; Central Asia, influence in,
126-31; divide-and-conquer policies of,
10-11, 51,175; geopolitical competition
among, 104-5, 108,109,113, 127,
176-77; islands of institutions syndrome
and, 34-35; islands of power syndrome
and, 29, 30-31; in Middle East, 154-56,
168; overlay and, 16, 29,40; peace
“trickle down” from, 20, 25; periodic
power syndrome and, 29, 31 -32; power
vacuums and, 29; regionness and,
125-26; South Caucasus and, 83-84,
90-91; Ukrainian independence and,
61 -62; in Western Balkans, 150
Farchy, Jack, 52
Fatah, 160
Fildis, Ayse Tekdal, 156
Finnemore, Martha, 28
Firtash, Dmytro, 63-64
Flint, Colin, 42
foreign direct investment: exacerbating
internal tension, 130; Georgia-
Azerbaijan-Turkey trilateralism and,
94-95; regional fracture and, 5
fracture mechanics, 103
France, regional fracture in Syria and
Lebanon promoted by, 156
Freedom House, 146-47, 147f
Gaddafi, Muammar, 160,163
Gamsakhurdia, Zviad, 49, 56n9
Gaza strip, 158
geographical proximity: power alliances in
Western Balkans and, 147-48; regional
fracture and, 42-48, 104, 107-8;
Index
213
regionness and regionhood, 138; security
complexes and, 23-24
Georgia: Azerbaijani relations, 94-95;
borders, defining, 82—83; conflict in, 49,
67-68; EU relations, 50,90-91,109;
external hegemons and, 84; GDP of, 85;
informal governance in, 86-87; informal
regionalism in, 99-100, 102n8; national
identity in, 87-88; NATO membership
and, 50, 91, 109; pro-Western elites in,
32; Rose Revolution (2003), 49, 86,
157; Russian relations, 49-51, 93; South
Ossetia, separation from, 49—50, 56n9,
83-84, 96; Turkish relations, 94-95;
Ukrainian relations, 67-68, 109; United
States relations, 50, 91, 95
German, Hanna, 63
Giragosian, Richard, 103
Girkin, Igor, 45
Gleason, Abbott, 128
globalization, 106, 111, 125, 172
global security: al-Qaeda and, 161; Eurasia,
strategic relevance of, 105; multilateral
organizations and, 33; Putin on, 19-20,
53; regional fracture and, 3, 4-7, 21, 24,
170; regional security complex (RSC)
theory and, 23-24, 28,40; region
building for, 177-78; “trickle down”
approach to, 20, 25. See also peacekeep-
ing interventions; terrorism
Goldstein, Judith, 28
Gongadze, Georgiy, 56n3
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 159, 160
Gotovina, Ante, 145
Gray, Colin, 106
Great Britain: Brexit and, 1, 2; Great Game
with Russia, 121; regional fracture in
Middle East promoted by, 158
Greater Eurasia, defined, 121
Great Game, 121
Greenhill, Brian, 21
Gruevski, Nikola, 144—45
Haftar, Khalifa, 164
Hamas, 160
HDI (Human Development Index), 85
heartland theory, 53-54, 105-7
Helsinki Agreement (1975), 56nll
Hensel, Paul, 42
Herzegovina. See Bosnia and Herzegovina
Hezbollah, 160, 164
Human Development Index (HDI), 85
human trafficking, 35
Huntington, Samuel, 60, 71, 80
Hussein, Saddam, 160
identity: national, 72—75, 87-88, 98-99,
114-15, 124-26; regional, 36-38, 125,
132
illiberal regionalism: in Central Asia, 14-15,
119,133 -34; in South Caucasus, 90, 92;
in Western Balkans, 138
imperialism: in Central Asia, 121; legacy
of, 26,170-74; in Middle East, 158;
neo-imperial powers and, 4-7, 15, 32,
41, 45; regional cooperation and, 169;
of Russia, 77, 88,95,167, 169,170-72;
soft imperialism replacing, 35. See also
external hegemons
infrastructure, 7, 22, 127. See also energy
resources; transportation
institutional density, 34
institutional dimensions of regional fracture:
in South Caucasus, 87—93; theory of
regional fracture and, 32-36, 173-74; in
Ukraine, 66-71
international relations (IR) theory:
institutionalization levels and, 33 —34;
regionness of Western Balkans and, 138;
Russian resurgence and, 167, 169; theory
of regional fracture and, 23-28, 40
Iran: Armenian relations, 94, 111; Azerbai-
jani relations, 93; Iraqi relations, 161;
Russian relations, 160; South Caucasus
and, 100; Syrian relations, 165
Iraq: Iranian relations, 161; refugees from,
137-38; Russian relations, 157, 158, 160,
161; Sunni/Shi’a sectarian split in, 156;
United States relations, 159, 161 -62,
164
214
Index
Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS), 106,
164
Islamist movements, 107, 119-20,157
islands of institutions syndrome, 34-35
islands of power syndrome, 29, 30-31, 66,
79
Ismailzade, Fariz, 51
Israel: creation of, 158; Palestine, conflict
with, 6, 11, 158; Russian relations, 160
Jesse, Neal, 84
Joint Control Commission (JCC), 47,49,
52
Jordan: control of West Bank, 158; Iraqi
regime change and, 161
Josipovic, Ivo, 144
Judah, Tim, 141
Karimov, Islam, 124
Katz, MarkN., 6,10-11,153
Kazakhstan: border creation in, 121-22;
Chinese relations, 130; regional coopera-
tion of, 125; regional fracture in, 122-23;
Russian migration to, 122, 129. See also
Central Asia
Kelly, Philip, 40nl
Kelly, Robert K., 16
Kennan, George, 106
Kerry, John, 150
KFOR (Kosovo Force), 142
Kissinger, Henry, 106
Klitschko, Vitali, 64, 75
Klyuyev, Serhiy, 69
Kosovo: Albanian relations, 141; EU
relations, 140, 142-43, 148; indepen-
dence of, 50,149; Russian relations, 149;
Serbian relations, 144; statehood of,
142-43
Kravchuk, Leonid, 60-61,71
Krilov, Alexander, 168
Kuchma, Leonid, 45, 56n3, 62, 67
Kurdish ethnic group: conflict in Turkey,
6, 11, 161; distribution of, 38; regional
fracture and, 158-59; Syrian conflict
and, 164; United States support of, 161
Kuzio, Taras, 25,62
Kyrgyzstan: border conflict in, 15; border
creation in, 121-22; Chinese relations,
130; crisis and riots in (2010), 5;
out-migration from, 126; regional
cooperation of, 125; regional fracture
in, 122-23; Russian migration to, 122;
Russian relations, 128; unsetded borders
in, 39; Uzbek relations, 122,125. See also
Central Asia
land power vs. sea power, 105
Latin America, regional institutions in,
34-35, 38
Lavrov, Sergey, 48,150
Lebanon: French relations, 156; revolution
in, 157
Levitsky, Steven, 30
Lewis, David G., 14-15,119
Libya: Arab Spring and, 163; Russian
relations, 160, 164; United States
relations, 164
Lobell, Steven, 84
Lupu, Yonatan, 21
Lyashko, Oleh, 65
Macedonia: Albanian relations, 141,
144-45; democracy in, 146; EU
relations, 142; revolution in, 150, 151 n6;
Russian relations, 138, 150; sovereignty
of, 143
Mackinder, Halford, 53-54,105-7
Madrid Principles, 101 n6
Mahan, Alfred Thayer, 105
Makhno, Nestor, 76
Mandelbaum, Michael, 51
media: control in Ukraine, 64; cross-border
networking and, 141 ; Russian informa-
tion war in Ukraine, 77-78; in Western
Balkans, 141,146-47
Medvedev, Dmitry, 49-50,149,159,163
Megoran, Nick, 124
Merkel, Angela, 140
Middle East, 153-66; Arab Spring in,
11,155, 162-64; borders in, 158-59;
Index
215
democratization in, 53, 161; oil pipelines
through, 54; Putin and, 159-62; regional
fracture in, 7,10-11,24, 43, 53,104,107,
157- 59, 171 -72; regionalism and, 2;
Russian relations, 153, 158-62; terrorism
and, 24, 43, 53, 107, 171; theory of
regional fracture and, 154-56; United
States relations, 153; US-EU relations
and, 109. See also specific countries
migration: of Albanians, 151n3; of Arme-
nians, 87, 94, 113; of Central Asians, 126,
130; of Jews to Israel, 158; refugees, 24,
46, 137-38, 144, 146; regional develop-
ment through, 37; Russian “compatriots”
and, 47, 56n7; of Russians to Central
Asia, 122
Militz, Elisabeth, 99
minorities, 76. See also ethnic groups
Moldova: pro-Western elites in, 32; Russian
relations, 46-48
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 46
Montenegro: Albanian relations, 141; democ-
racy in, 146; EU relations, 142; Russian
relations, 138,149-50; sovereignty of,
143; tourism in, 141; trade of, 141
Mubarak, Hosni, 163
Mukhtarli, Afgan, 102n8
multilateral organizations, 23, 33, 174-75.
See also specific organizations
Munich Security Conference (2007), 19-20
mutual dependence, colonial systems and,
104, 108
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, 51-52, 83, 94,
97, 110
Nalbandov, Robert, 8-9,11,41
Nasser, Gamal Abdel, 157
national identity, 72-75, 87-88, 98-99,
114-15,124-26
nationalism: in Armenia, 110-11; in
Azerbaijan, 99; culture of conflict
and, 115; in EU, 138; in Georgia, 49;
imperialism and, 172; of Kurdish people,
159; regional fracture promotion and,
145; in Ukraine, 44, 63
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organi-
zation): expansion as threat to Russia,
47-48; Georgia, prospective member-
ship of, 50, 91, 109; South Caucasus,
cooperation promotion of, 89; Turkish-
Armenian relations and, 51; Western
Balkans and, 137,142, 148,149-50
Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 122
Nechayeva-Yuriychuk, Nataliya, 56n4
neo-imperial powers, 4-7, 15, 32,41,45
neoliberal institutionalism, 20, 27-28, 33
neorealism, 20,24,27-28, 133
new regionalism, 34, 125-26, 130, 133
Nichol,Jim, 50
Nikolic, Tomislav, 145
norms. See values and norms
North Atlantic Treaty Organization. See
NATO
Obama, Barack: Georgian relations, 95;
Middle Eastern relations, 162, 163-66
Ogneva, V. V., 48
Ohanyan, Anna, 1, 19, 154, 167
oligarchic economies, 28, 116-17
Organization for Security and Co-operation
in Europe (OSCE), 47, 89,132
Organization of the Black Sea Economic
Cooperation, 68, 88
organized crime, 123, 143. See also corrup-
tion; terrorism
Ottoman Empire: collapse of, 156, 158;
Kurdish ethnic group and, 158-59;
Moldova and, 46; regional fracture as
legacy of, 7, 10-11, 153, 158-59; Russia,
wars with, 48, 82; Western Balkans and,
171
overlay of great power influence, 16, 29, 40
Palestine: Israel, conflict with, 6, 11, 158;
Russian relations, 159
peacekeeping interventions: in Armenia,
51; in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 142,
148, 149-50; in Central Asia, 128; in
Georgia, 49; in Moldova, 47; regional
organizations and, 176; in Ukraine, 70
216
Index
periodic power syndrome, 29, 31-32
Persian empire, 104, 158-59
Poland, Intermarium projecc, 68, 71
political dimension of regional fracture: in
Middle East, 154—55; in South Caucasus,
85-87; theory of regional fracture and,
28-32, 173-74; in Ukraine, 60-66
political elites: Central Asian regional
fracture and, 122—23; corruption and,
130; democracy and, 3, 14, 146; as
entrepreneurs of fracture, 96-97, 170;
as gatekeepers, 30; islands of power syn-
drome and, 29, 30-31; in Middle East,
168; periodic power syndrome and, 29,
31-32; Russian foreign policy and, 22; in
South Caucasus, 84-85, 111; in Ukraine,
63-64, 79; United States foreign policy
and, 177—78; in Western Balkans, 146
populist politics, 1, 64, 146, 148
Poroshenko, Petro, 65, 66, 69,70—71,76
postcolonial regional fracture: border
issues, 25-26, 39, 108; democracy and
economic development, impediments to,
103-4, 172, 177; geographical proximity
and conflict, 108; institutions and,
35-36; international relations theory
on, 25—28, 26/; neo-imperialist foreign
policy and, 4; Russia and, 4, 15, 26-27;
statebuilding and, 30—31; weak states
and, 10, 103-4
power relations: islands of power syndrome
and, 29, 30-31; periodic power
syndrome and, 29, 31-32; values and
institutions supporting, 28—29, 33. See
also external hegemons; political elites
power transitions, peaceful, 20
power vacuums, 29
Primakov, Yevgeny, 106, 157
Prokhanov, Alexander, 41
Putin, Vladimir: Chinese relations, 131;
energy resources and, 54, 108; on global
governance, 19-20, 43, 53; Middle East-
ern relations, 153, 159-62; popularity in
Ukraine, 62; regionalism and, 1, 43
Qatar, 164
Ratzel, Friedrich, 55
realism, 16
realpolitik, 106
refugees, 24,46, 137-38, 144, 146
regional contiguity, 8-10, 11, 42-48
regional cooperation: in Central Asia, 14,
125, 127; decolonization and, 26—27;
economic, 172, 174-75; external
prevention of, 22; infrastructure and
governance, lack of, 22; to overcome
regional fracture, 176-78; Russian
imperialism and, 169; value of, 21. See
also specific multilateral groups
Regional Cooperation Council, 140
regional fracture, 1 -16; conflict and,
172-73; by default vs. design, 7, 19, 22,
27, 153, 169, 171,175; defined, 2-3,
20—21, 40nl; in former Soviet countries,
7; geographic contiguity vs., 42—48; as
geopolitics, 7-15; global politics and,
174-76; global security and, 3, 4-7,
21, 24, 170; governance and, 3, 5, 14;
overcoming, 176-78; as postimperial
legacy, 26, 170-74; as Russian foreign
policy, 7, 22, 26-27, 167-69,175. See also
postcolonial regional fracture; theory of
regional fracture; specific countries
regional identity, 36-38, 125, 132
regionalism: authoritarianism and, 90, 92;
in Central Asia, 120, 125-26, 133; China
and, 130; defined, l6nl; economic ben-
efits of, 178; informal, 99-100, 102n8;
institutional density and functionality,
33-34; international relations theory
on, 23; islands of institutions syndrome
and, 35; new version of, 34, 125—26,
130, 133; purpose of, 2; regionness and
regionhood, 37, 125-26, 132, 138; Russia
and, 1, 43; social construction of, 37; in
South Caucasus, 90; in Ukraine, 66-71;
in Western Balkans, 138, 141. See also
illiberal regionalism
Index
217
regional security: regional organizational
reliance for, 176; regional security com-
plex (RSC) theory, 23-24, 28,40; Rus-
sia providing, 6,47,49, 51, 94,127-28;
South Caucasus and, 89; Ukraine and,
69. See also specific organizations
region building: to combat regional fracture,
176-77; EU and, 138, 172; institutions
for, 131; regional identity and, 37, 125,
132; as security strategy, 177-78
Reid, Anna, 44
Republika Srpska: Russian relations, 138;
secession attempts of, 143
Richardson, Lewis E, 8, 42
Rimland theory, 106
Robinson, James, 174
Romania, dependence on Russia for energy,
48
Rosner, Kevin, 51
Russia, 41-56; Arab Spring and, 162-63;
Black Sea, access to, 46,48; borders
with former colonies and, 35-36, 39,
43-44; “compatriots” of, 47, 56n7;
energy resources of, 43, 46,48, 51, 54,
56nl0, 63, 108; geographic contiguity
vs. regional fracture and, 42—48; Great
Game with Britain, 121; Helsinki
Agreement violations, 56nll; institution
building of, 33; NATO expansion and,
47- 48; neo-imperialism of, 32, 41;
regional autonomy to combat influence
of, 176-77; regional fracture as foreign
policy, 7, 22, 26-27, 167-69, 175;
regional governance and, 5; regionalism
and, 1, 43; sanctions on, 55; as security
provider, 6,47,49, 51, 94, 127-28; soft
power of, 108; South Caucasus and,
48- 54; superpower identity of, 55. See
also Cold War; Soviet Union; specific
countries and regions for relations
Saakashvili, Mikheil, 49-50, 95, 99
Sakwa, Richard, 72
Samokhvalov, Vsevolod, 5, 6, 11, 13, 59
Sargsyan, Serzh, 90
Sarkozy, Nicolas, 50
Saudi Arabia: Iraqi regime change and, 161;
Russian relations, 164; September 11th
terrorist attacks and, 162; Syrian conflict
and, 164
Schurr, Carolin, 99
Schwartz, Paul, 46
SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organiza-
tion), 129-30, 132
sea power vs. land power, 105
security. See global security; regional security
September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, 161— 62
Serbia: Albanian relations, 141, 143; Bosnian
relations, 144; Croatian relations,
144; democracy in, 146; EU relations,
142-43; Kosovo relations, 144; neutral-
ity of, 142; Russian relations, 138, 144,
149-50; statehood of, 142-43
Shanghai Cooperation Organization
(SCO), 129-30,132
shatterbelts or zones, 24, 40nl
Shevardnadze, Eduard, 49, 86, 95, 97
Shevel, Oxana, 45
Shtanki, Nina, 47—48
Sikorski, Radoslaw, 65, 70
Single Economic Space. See Common
Economic Space
small state strategies, 113-14
Smith, Adam, 116
Smith, Hanna, 35
social capital, 30-32, 36-38,40n7
social constructivism, 20, 37, 42, 121
social dimensions of regional fracture: in
Middle East, 155 — 56; in South Caucasus,
98 — 100; theory of regional fracture and,
36-38, 173 -74; in Ukraine, 71-78
social media, 141, 146—47
soft imperialism, 35
Solovyova, Lyudmila, 173
South Asia, links with Central Asia, 126-27
South Caucasus, 4, 8-9, 81 -102; bilater-
alism in, 93-95; definition of region,
82; entrepreneurial fracture in, 96-98;
218
Index
South Caucasus (continued)
EU relations, 89-91, 100; geopolitical
vulnerabilities of, 104-5, 113; heartland
theory and, 106—7; hegemonic region-
alism in, 87-93; inheritance of regional
fracture in, 7; institutional dimensions
of regional fracture, 87—93; political
dimension of regional fracture in, 85-87;
regional autonomy to combat external
influence, 177; Russian relations, 6,
48- 54, 89-91, 96-97; security trends in,
108—10; singularity of states in, 85—87;
social dimensions of regional fracture in,
98-100; US-EU relations and, 109. See
also specific countries
Southeast Asia: decolonization in, 25;
regional institutions in, 35
Southeast European Transport Observatory,
140
South Ossetia, separation from Georgia,
49- 50, 56n9, 83-84, 96
South-South regionalism, 178
sovereignty: in Central Asia, 124-25, 127; of
de facto states, 97; multiethnic societies
and, 143; regional fracture, effect of, 15;
regional organizations and, 37, 128-29;
security vs., 104; in South Caucasus,
87-90, 96; in Western Balkans, 142-43
Soviet Union: Afghanistan, occupation of,
160—61; Central Asia, border definition
in, 121—22; Chinese relations, 121; col-
lapse of, 7, 15, 26, 43, 48; Eastern Europe,
control of, 169-70; ideological narratives
of, 167; legacy of, 26, 171; Middle
Eastern relations, 157; reconstruction of,
1; region wide institutions of, 38; Russian
colonialism and influence in, 25, 168;
South Caucasus, annexation of, 82-83;
Syrian relations, 52. See also Russia
spheres of influence, 39, 90, 106. See also
external hegemons
Spykman, Nicholas, 106
stabilitocracy, 14,146
Stability Pact for Southeast Europe, 140
statehood: external limits on, 31;
institutionalization and, 142; postcolo-
nial, 27, 104, 172; regional security and,
28; Western Balkans and, 142—43
Steinmeier, Frank-Walter, 70
Strausz-Hupe, Robert, 106
Syria: French relations, 156; global security,
effect on, 24; Iranian relations, 165;
refugees from, 137—38; regional fracture
evolution in, 156-57; Russian relations,
10-11,43, 52-54, 55, 56nll, 157,158,
160, 171—72; Soviet relations, 52; Sunni/
Shi’a sectarian split in, 156; United States
relations, 163—64
Tadic, Boris, 144
Tajikistan: border of, 15, 121-22; Chinese
relations, 130; civil war in, 123, 124;
nation-building in, 124; out-migration
from, 126, 130; regional cooperation of,
125; Uzbek relations, 124-25, 127. See
also Central Asia
Taliban, 161
Taylor, Peter, 42
television. See media
Ter-Petrosian, Levon, 111
terrorism: in Central Asia, 119; heartland
theory and, 106; Fleisinki Agreement
and, 56nll; regional fracture in Middle
East and, 24, 43, 53, 107, 171; September
11th terrorist attacks, 161-62; United
States intervention in Afghanistan
resulting from, 161
Tha^i, Hashim, 146
theory of regional fracture (TRF), 3, 19-40;
agency of fractured regions, 20—22, 168;
borders creation and, 38-40; geographic
contiguity vs., 42-48; institutional
dimensions of, 32-36, 173—74;
international relations theory and,
23-28; in Middle East, 154-56; political
dimensions of, 28-32, 173—74; Russian
foreign policy and, 168-69; shatterbelts
or zones vs., 24, 40nl; social dimensions
of, 36-38, 173-74; in South Caucasus,
85-93, 98-100; in Ukraine, 60-78
Index
219
Toal, Gerard, 95
Toistrup, Jakob, 30
tourism and travel: in Central Asia, 124—25;
Georgia-Azerbaijan-Turkey trilateralism
and, 95; regional development through,
37-38; in Ukraine, 78; in Western
Balkans, 141
trade: Central Asia and, 124-27; China
and, 130; free-trade agreements, 140,
178; geographic proximity and, 11; in
illicit goods, 123; regional fracture and,
5 -6, 174—75; shallow markets and, 28;
soft imperialism and, 35; South-South
regionalism and, 178; Ukraine and, 67,
68-71; Western Balkans and, 140, 141.
See also specific organizations
transition economies, 117
Transnistria, conflict in, 47—48, 56n4
transportation: EU-TRACECA transport
corridor, 89; Georgia-Azerbaijan-Turkey
trilateralism and, 94; power projection
and, 107; regional fracture resulting from
lack of, 7, 22; sea power vs. land power,
105
TRE See theory of regional fracture
Truman Doctrine, 175
Trump, Donald, 166
Tudjman, Franjo, 145
Tumanyan, Hovhannes, 19
Turchynov, Oleksandr, 73
Turkey: Armenian relations, 51, 90, 93, 111;
Azerbaijan relations, 94-95; Bosnian
relations, 149; Chinese relations, 130;
Georgian relations, 94-95; Kurdish
conflict in, 6, 11, 161; South Caucasus
security and, 108-9; Syrian conflict and,
164
Turkmenistan: border creation in, 121—22;
Russian relations, 129; self-isolation and
neutrality of, 125. See also Central Asia
Tymoshenko, Yulia, 63
Ukraine, 5—6, 59-80; Armenian relations,
112; causes of Russian intervention
in, 26, 44—46; Crimean Peninsula,
Russian annexation of, 43,46, 171;
energy, dependence on Russia for, 63,
69; EU relations, 61—62, 65, 67, 68—71,
79, 80n4; Euromaidan demonstrations
(2013-14), 12,45, 56n4, 64-65,70,
80nl, 80n3; Georgian relations, 67-68,
109; independence of, 60-61, 66, 74-75;
institutional dimension of regional
fracture in, 66—71, 80n2; media in, 64,
77-78; Orange Revolution (2004-5),
45, 56n3, 62-63, 157; political dimen-
sion of regional fracture in, 60—66; pro-
Western elites in, 32; Rukh (Movement
for National Independence), 62; Russian
relations, 61—63,77; social dimension of
regional fracture in, 71 —78, 80n6; spatial
proximity as source of conflict in, 11 — 13;
World War II and, 74-75
Umbach, Frank, 46
United Nations: Arab Spring and, 163-64;
Azerbaijan involvement in, 92; Bosnia,
protection of, 142, 149-50; Conference
on Trade and Development, 178; Human
Development Index, 85
United States: Afghanistan, intervention
in, 161; Central Asian relations, 15, 121,
126-27, 131; Chinese relations, 8; Egyp-
tian relations, 163; Eurasian Economic
Union and, 40n2; EU relations, 109;
foreign policy recommendations for,
176-78; Georgian relations, 50, 91, 95;
Gulf Wars and, 159; Iraqi relations, 159,
161-62, 164; Kurdish people and, 159;
Libyan relations, 164; Middle Eastern
relations, 53, 153, 155, 157, 161, 163;
Moldovan relations, 47; post-Soviet
states, engagement with, 169; regional-
ism and, 1-2; Russian relations, 55, 161;
September 11th terrorist attacks, 161;
Syrian relations, 163—64; Truman Doc-
trine, 175; Western Balkans, influence in,
145. See also Cold War
Uulu, Mansur Makmudjon, 15, 125
Uzbekistan: border creation in, 121 -22;
ethnic groups in, 122; Kyrgyz relations,
220
Index
Uzbekistan ( continued)
122, 125; national identity of, 124; out-
migration from, 126; regional fracture in,
123; Russian relations, 129; Tajik relations,
124-25, 127; trade relations in, 124-25;
ultrasovereignty of, 125; unsetded borders
in, 39. See also Central Asia
values and norms: in Central Asia, 131 -33;
social capital and, 36-37; in Western
Balkans, 143-47, 147/. See also social
dimensions of regional fracture
violence. See conflict
Vucic, Aleksandar, 145-46, 150
Way, Lucan, 30
weak states: decolonization and, 26—27;
Islamist movements and, 107; regional
fracture and, 10, 16, 84-85, 103-4;
social change and, 11
weapons: air power and, 107; chemical, 53;
NATO requirements and, 144; sales to
Serbia from Russia, 144; sales to Syria
from Russia, 53, 56nll
West Bank, creation of, 158
Western Balkans, 4-6, 137-51; definition
of region, 138-39; EU relations, 13-14,
137-40, 141-43, 145, 148, 171-72;
institutional consolidation in, 140-43;
NATO relations, 137, 142,148, 149-50;
power fracture in, 147—50; protests in,
146-47, 150; regional fracture in, 84,
139-40, 171; Russian energy pipeline
through, 149; Russian relations, 13-14,
138, 149-50, 171-72; United States
relations, 145; values gap in, 143—47,
147/. See also specific countries
Williams, Kirsten, 84
Wolff, Stefan, 173
world order: institutional density and, 34;
neo-imperial powers and, 4-7; regional
fracture, effect of, 170; rules-based
system of, strengthening, 20, 33; Russian
role in, 8, 12
xenophobia, 110, 130, 148
Xi Jinping, 130, 131
Yanukovych, Viktor, 62-65,68-71,79
Yarosh, Dmytro, 56n4
Yatsenyuk, Arseniy, 64
Yaz’kova, Alla, 51
Yeltsin, Boris, 157, 159
Yemen, borders of, 159
Young, Crawford, 26
Yushchenko, Viktor, 45, 67, 71
Zabuzhko, Oksana, 76
Zdravomislov, An drey, 49
Zyuganov, Gennady, 41
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author2 | Ohanyan, Anna |
| author2_role | edt |
| author2_variant | a o ao |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1072702967 |
| author_facet | Ohanyan, Anna |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV045225757 |
| callnumber-first | J - Political Science |
| callnumber-label | JZ1616 |
| callnumber-raw | JZ1616 |
| callnumber-search | JZ1616 |
| callnumber-sort | JZ 41616 |
| callnumber-subject | JZ - International Relations |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1083272733 (DE-599)BVBBV045225757 |
| dewey-full | 327.47 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 327 - International relations |
| dewey-raw | 327.47 |
| dewey-search | 327.47 |
| dewey-sort | 3327.47 |
| dewey-tens | 320 - Political science (Politics and government) |
| discipline | Politologie |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Former Soviet republics Former Soviet republics Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 gnd Westbalkanstaaten (DE-588)1200974743 gnd Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Former Soviet republics Former Soviet republics Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Naher Osten Westbalkanstaaten Russland |
| id | DE-604.BV045225757 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:12:05Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781626166196 9781626166202 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 018016702 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030614266 |
| oclc_num | 1083272733 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-29 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-29 DE-12 |
| physical | viii, 220 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20191204 |
| publishDate | 2018 |
| publishDateSearch | 2018 |
| publishDateSort | 2018 |
| publisher | Georgetown University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond Anna Ohanyan, editor Washington, DC Georgetown University Press [2018] © 2018 viii, 220 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Regionalism Geopolitics Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd rswk-swf Destabilisierung (DE-588)4149208-0 gnd rswk-swf Nachbarstaat (DE-588)4170996-2 gnd rswk-swf Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Former Soviet republics Former Soviet republics Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 gnd rswk-swf Westbalkanstaaten (DE-588)1200974743 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 s Nachbarstaat (DE-588)4170996-2 s Westbalkanstaaten (DE-588)1200974743 g Naher Osten (DE-588)4068878-1 g Destabilisierung (DE-588)4149208-0 s DE-604 Ohanyan, Anna (DE-588)1072702967 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-62616-621-9 LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030614266&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030614266&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB München - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030614266&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond Regionalism Geopolitics Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd Destabilisierung (DE-588)4149208-0 gnd Nachbarstaat (DE-588)4170996-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4003846-4 (DE-588)4149208-0 (DE-588)4170996-2 (DE-588)4068878-1 (DE-588)1200974743 (DE-588)4076899-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond |
| title_auth | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond |
| title_exact_search | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond |
| title_full | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond Anna Ohanyan, editor |
| title_fullStr | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond Anna Ohanyan, editor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Russia abroad driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond Anna Ohanyan, editor |
| title_short | Russia abroad |
| title_sort | russia abroad driving regional fracture in post communist eurasia and beyond |
| title_sub | driving regional fracture in post-Communist Eurasia and beyond |
| topic | Regionalism Geopolitics Außenpolitik (DE-588)4003846-4 gnd Destabilisierung (DE-588)4149208-0 gnd Nachbarstaat (DE-588)4170996-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Regionalism Geopolitics Außenpolitik Destabilisierung Nachbarstaat Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Foreign relations Former Soviet republics Former Soviet republics Foreign relations Russia (Federation) Naher Osten Westbalkanstaaten Russland Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030614266&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030614266&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030614266&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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