Quantum physics: an introduction based on photons
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin
Springer
[2018]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Undergraduate lecture notes in physics
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltstext http://www.springer.com/ Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | xx, 303 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9783662565827 366256582X |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Quantum physics |b an introduction based on photons |c A. I. Lvovsky |
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| 264 | 4 | |c © 2018 | |
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| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Undergraduate lecture notes in physics | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1817968013667729408 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
CONTENTS
1 THE QUANTUM P OSTU LATES
.
1
1.1 THE SCOPE OF QUANTUM M
ECHANICS. 1
1.2 THE HILBERT SPACE POSTULATE
.
3
1.3 POLARIZATION OF THE PHOTON
.
4
1.4 QUANTUM MEASUREMENTS
.
8
1.4.1 THE MEASUREMENT P O STU
LATE. 8
1.4.2 POLARIZATION
MEASUREMENTS. 10
1.5 QUANTUM INTERFERENCE AND
COMPLEMENTARITY. 14
1.6 QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
.
17
1.6.1 THE BB 84 PROTOCOL
.
19
1.6.2 PRACTICAL MATTERS IN QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY
.
21
1.7 OPERATORS IN QUANTUM
MECHANICS. 23
1.8 PROJECTION OPERATORS AND UNNORMALIZED S TA TE S
. 26
1.9 QUANTUM OBSERVABLES
.
27
1.9.1 OBSERVABLE
OPERATORS.
27
1.9.2 MEAN VALUE AND UNCERTAINTY OF AN OBSERVABLE
.
28
1.9.3 THE UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE
.
30
1.10 QUANTUM EVOLUTION
.
32
1.11 PROBLEMS
.
35
2
ENTANGLEMENT.
41
2.1 TENSOR PRODUCT SPACES
.
41
2.1.1 TENSOR PRODUCT STATES AND ENTANGLED STATES
.
41
2.1.2 MEASUREMENTS IN TENSOR PRODUCT SPACES
.
44
2.1.3 TENSOR PRODUCTS OF OPERATORS
.
45
2.1.4 LOCAL OPERATORS
.
47
2.2 LOCAL MEASUREMENTS OF ENTANGLED
STATES. 49
2.2.1 REMOTE STATE
PREPARATION. 49
2.2.2 PARTIAL INNER
PRODUCT.
50
2.2.3 LOCAL MEASUREMENTS AND
CAUSALITY. 53
2.2.4 MIXED S TA TE S
.
55
2.3 QUANTUM
NONLOCALITY.
57
2.3.1 EINSTEIN-PODOLSKY-ROSEN PARADOX
. 57
2.3.2 THE BELL
INEQUALITY.
59
2.3.3 VIOLATION OF THE BELL
INEQUALITY. 61
2.3.4 GREENBERGER-HORNE-ZEILINGER (GHZ) NONLOCALITY
.
63
2.4 AN INSIGHT INTO QUANTUM M EASUREM
ENTS. 66
2.4.1 VON NEUMANN M EASUREM
ENTS. 66
2.4.2
DECOHERENCE.
69
2.4.3 INTERPRETATIONS OF QUANTUM M ECHANICS
.
71
2.4.4 THE SUPERPOSITION TRE E *
. 74
2.5 QUANTUM
COMPUTATION.
79
2.6 QUANTUM TELEPORTATION AND ITS
APPLICATIONS. 82
2.6.1 QUANTUM
TELEPORTATION.
82
2.6.2 QUANTUM
REPEATER.
87
2.7 PROBLEMS
.
89
3 ONE-DIMENSIONAL M O TIO N
.
93
3.1 CONTINUOUS
OBSERVABLES.
93
3.2 DE BROGLIE W A V E
.
99
3.3 POSITION AND MOMENTUM BASES
.
102
3.3.1 CONVERSION BETWEEN POSITION AND MOMENTUM BASES
.
102
3.3.2 POSITION-MOMENTUM
UNCERTAINTY.104
3.3.3 THE ORIGINAL EINSTEIN-PODOLSKY-ROSEN PARADOX
.
106
3.4 THE FREE SPACE POTENTIAL
.
107
3.5 TIME-INDEPENDENT SCHROEDINGER EQ U ATIO N
.112
3.6 BOUND
STATES.
114
3.7 UNBOUND S TA TE S
.
120
3.7.1 THE SINGLE-STEP
POTENTIAL.121
3.7.2 QUANTUM
TUNNELLING.125
3.8 HARMONIC OSCILLATOR
.
129
3.8.1 ANNIHILATION AND CREATION
OPERATORS.130
3.8.2 FOCK STATES
.
133
3.8.3 COHERENT STATES
.
139
3.9 HEISENBERG PICTURE
.
143
3.9.1 OPERATOR EVOLUTION
.
143
3.9.2 DISPLACEMENT
OPERATOR.148
3.9.3 EVOLUTION OF PROBABILITY
DENSITIES*.150
3.10 TRANSFORMATIONS OF HARMONIC OSCILLATOR STA TE
S.151
3.10.1 COHERENT STATE AS DISPLACED VACUUM
.152
3.10.2 PHASE SH
IFT.
153
3.10.3 SQUEEZING
.
154
3.11 PROBLEMS
.
162
CONTENTS XIX
4 ANGULAR M OM ENTUM
.
169
4.1 3D M O TIO N
.
169
4.2 ROTATIONALLY SYMMETRIC POTENTIAL
.
171
4.2.1 SPHERICAL COORDINATES
.
171
4.2.2 ANGULAR MOMENTUM
.
174
4.3 ANGULAR MOMENTUM EIGENSTATES
.
178
4.3.1 MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF THE ANGULAR M OM ENTUM
.
178
4.3.2 WAVEFUNCTIONS OF ANGULAR MOMENTUM EIGENSTATES
.
183
4.3.3 S P IN
.
186
4.4 THE HYDROGEN ATO M
.
187
4.4.1 RADIAL WAVEFUNCTIONS
.
187
4.4.2 ENERGY SPECTRUM AND TRANSITIONS
.
190
4.4.3 THE PERIODIC TABLE
.
194
4.5 THE BLOCH
SPHERE.
197
4.6 MAGNETIC MOMENT AND MAGNETIC FIELD
.
200
4.6.1 ANGULAR MOMENTUM AND MAGNETIC MOMENT
.
200
4.6.2 STERN-GERLACH
APPARATUS. 203
4.6.3 EVOLUTION OF MAGNETIC
STATES. 204
4.7 MAGNETIC
RESONANCE.206
4.7.1 ROTATING B
ASIS.206
4.7.2 EVOLUTION UNDER THE ROTATING-WAVE APPROXIMATION
.
209
4.7.3 PULSE A R E A
.211
4.7.4 APPLICATIONS OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE
.
212
4.8 PROBLEMS
.216
5 QUANTUM PHYSICS OF COMPLEX SYSTEM
S.221
5.1 THE DENSITY
OPERATOR.221
5.1.1 PURE AND MIXED
STATES.221
5.1.2 DIAGONAL AND OFF-DIAGONAL ELEMENTS
.
223
5.1.3
EVOLUTION.226
5.2
TRACE.227
5.3 PARTIAL TR A C E
.229
5.4 DENSITY MATRIX AND BLOCH
VECTOR.231
5.5 DENSITY MATRIX AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE
.
233
5.5.1
DECOHERENCE.233
5.5.2
THERMALIZATION.234
5.5.3 RELAXATION AND THE BLOCH VECTOR
.
236
5.6 GENERALIZED
MEASUREMENTS*.238
5.6.1 A REALISTIC
DETECTOR.239
5.6.2 POSITIVE OPERATOR-VALUED MEASURE (POVM )
.
240
5.7 QUANTUM
TOMOGRAPHY*.243
5.7.1 QUANTUM STATE
TOMOGRAPHY. 243
5.7.2 QUANTUM PROCESS TOMOGRAPHY
.
245
5.7.3 QUANTUM DETECTOR TOM
OGRAPHY. 249
5.8 PROBLEMS
.250
A LINEAR ALGEBRA B
ASICS.
255
A.L LINEAR
SPACES.
255
A.2 BASIS AND DIM
ENSION.
256
A.3 INNER
PRODUCT.
258
A.4 ORTHONORMAL BASIS
.
259
A.5 ADJOINT SPACE
.
261
A.6 LINEAR O
PERATORS.
262
A.6.1 OPERATIONS WITH LINEAR OPERATORS
.
262
A.6.2 M
ATRICES.
263
A.6.3 OUTER PRODUCTS
.
265
A.7 ADJOINT AND SELF-ADJOINT OPERATORS
.
267
A. 8 SPECTRAL DECOMPOSITION
.
269
A.9
COMMUTATORS.
271
A. 10 UNITARY
OPERATORS.
272
A . L 1 FUNCTIONS OF OPERATORS
.274
B PROBABILITIES AND
DISTRIBUTIONS.
277
B . L EXPECTATION VALUE AND VARIANCE
.
277
B.2 CONDITIONAL
PROBABILITIES.
278
B.3 BINOMIAL AND POISSON DISTRIBUTIONS
.
280
B. 4 PROBABILITY
DENSITIES.
281
C OPTICAL POLARIZATION TU TO RIA
L.
287
C. 1 POLARIZATION OF
LIGHT.
287
C.2 POLARIZING BEAM SP
LITTER.
289
C. 3
WAVEPLATES.290
D DIRAC DELTA FUNCTION AND THE FOURIER TRAN SFO RM ATIO N
.
293
D. 1 DIRAC DELTA
FUNCTION.
293
D.2 FOURIER TRANSFORM
ATION.
295
INDEX
299 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Lvovsky, Alexander 1973- |
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| author_role | aut |
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| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 530 - Physics |
| dewey-raw | 530.12 |
| dewey-search | 530.12 |
| dewey-sort | 3530.12 |
| dewey-tens | 530 - Physics |
| discipline | Physik |
| format | Book |
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| language | English |
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| spelling | Lvovsky, Alexander 1973- Verfasser (DE-588)1168346258 aut Quantum physics an introduction based on photons A. I. Lvovsky Berlin Springer [2018] © 2018 xx, 303 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Undergraduate lecture notes in physics Quantenmechanik (DE-588)4047989-4 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Quantenmechanik (DE-588)4047989-4 s DE-604 Springer-Verlag GmbH (DE-588)1065168780 pbl Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-662-56584-1 B:DE-101 application/pdf http://d-nb.info/1150984244/04 Inhaltsverzeichnis X:MVB text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=0427764c002e458a998d8df022fa96bf&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext X:MVB http://www.springer.com/ DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030526091&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Lvovsky, Alexander 1973- Quantum physics an introduction based on photons Quantenmechanik (DE-588)4047989-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4047989-4 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Quantum physics an introduction based on photons |
| title_auth | Quantum physics an introduction based on photons |
| title_exact_search | Quantum physics an introduction based on photons |
| title_full | Quantum physics an introduction based on photons A. I. Lvovsky |
| title_fullStr | Quantum physics an introduction based on photons A. I. Lvovsky |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantum physics an introduction based on photons A. I. Lvovsky |
| title_short | Quantum physics |
| title_sort | quantum physics an introduction based on photons |
| title_sub | an introduction based on photons |
| topic | Quantenmechanik (DE-588)4047989-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Quantenmechanik Lehrbuch |
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