The image processing handbook:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.]
CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
2017
|
| Ausgabe: | Seventh edition ; First issued in paperback |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | xvii,1035 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781138747494 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents Introduction.................................................... xiii About this text.......................................................... xiii A word of caution.................................................... xv A personal note ....................................................... xvi 1 Acquiring Images...................................... 1 Human reliance on images...................................... / Extracting information................................................4 Video cameras............................................................6 CCD cameras.................................................... 6 CMOS detectors....................................................... 12 Camera artifacts and limitations.............................. 13 Color cameras.......................................................... 15 Camera resolution.................................................... 18 Electronics and bandwidth limitations.................... 20 Handling color data................................................ 21 Color encoding........................................................ 22 Other image sources................................................ 24 Pixels.........................................................................25 Tonal resolution........................................................ 29 The image contents...... ............................................ 30 Camera limitations.................................................... 31 Noise........................................................................33 High-
depth images.................................................. 34 Focusing.................................................................... 35 Color displays...........................................................36 Image types.............................................................. 37 v
Multiple images....................................................... 40 Imaging requirements.............................................. 44 2 Printing and Storage............................. 47 Hard copies.............................................................. 47 Halftoning................................................................ 49 Dots on paper...........................................................52 Color printing.......................................................... 55 Adding black—CMYK............................................. 58 Printing hardware..................................................... 62 Film recorders.......................................................... 66 Presentation tools...................................................... 67 File storage............................................................... 67 Storage media......................................................... 69 Magnetic recording................................................. 70 Databases for images............................................. 72 Searching by content............................................... 76 Browsing and thumbnails......................................... 79 File formats................................................................81 Lossless coding......................................................... 82 Reduced color palettes............................................ 86 JPEG compression....................................................87 Wavelet compression............................................... 93
Fractal compression................................................. 96 Digital movies...........................................................98 3 Human Vision.......................................... 101 What we see and why........................................... 101 Recognition............................................................. 104 Technical specs....................................................... 107 Seeing color............................................................108 Acuity...................................................................... 112 What the eye tells the brain.................................. 116 Spatial comparisons.............................................. 118 Local to global hierarchies..................................... 124 Grouping................................................................ 127 It s about time......................................................... 130 The third dimension................................................. 134 How versus what.................................................... 138 Seeing what isn t there, and vice versa............... 140 Image compression................................................. 142 A world of light....................................................... 144 Size matters............................................................. 148 Shape (whatever that means).................................152 Context.................................................................... 154 Arrangements must be made..................................156 Seeing is
believing................................................. 158 Learning more......................................................... 162 wi fnntpnk
4 Correcting Imaging Defects............... 163 Color adjustments................................................... 164 Hue, saturation, intensity....................................... 166 Other spaces.......................................................... 168 Color correction...................................................... 171 Noisy images........................................................ 174 Neighborhood averaging....................................... 178 Gaussian smoothing............................................. 181 Neighborhood ranking........................................... 185 The color median................................................... 190 More median filters................................................. 193 Weighted, conditional, and adaptive neighborhoods................................................... 196 Other neighborhood noise reduction methods... 204 Defect removal, maximum entropy, and maximum likelihood.......................................... 208 Nonuniform illumination........................................ 214 Fitting a background function................................ 217 Rank leveling......................................................... 222 Color images......................................................... 225 Nonplanar views....................................................227 Computer graphics................................................ 228 Geometric distortion............................................. 230 Alignment............................................................... 234
Interpolation........................................................... 236 Morphing................................................................241 5 Image Enhancement in the Spatial Domain................................................ 243 Purposes for enhancement.................................... 243 Contrast expansion................................................ 244 False color lookup tables (LUTs)............................ 248 Contrast manipulation........................................... 250 Histogram equalization......................................... 253 Contrast in color images........................................ 255 Local equalization................................................. 258 Laplacian sharpening............................................. 261 The unsharp mask.................................................. 269 Derivatives.............................................................. 272 Edges and gradients.............................................. 276 Edge orientation..................................................... 279 More edge detectors............................................ 284 Rank-based methods..............................................290 Texture.................................................................... 294 Implementation notes............................................ 298 Image math............................................................ 299 Subtracting images................................................ 300 Multiplication and division.................................... 303 Contents vii
Principal component analysis............................... 305 Principal component analysis for contrast enhancement..................................................... 310 Other image combinations....................................313 Cross-correlation.................................................... 317 6 Processing Images in Frequency Space................................................... 321 About frequency space......................................... 321 The Fourier transform.............................................. 322 Fourier transforms of simple functions.................. 325 Moving to two dimensions.................................... 327 Frequencies and spacings......................................331 Preferred orientation.............................................. 333 Texture and fractals................................................ 336 Removing selected frequencies............................. 338 Periodic noise removal.......................................... 345 Selection of periodic information..........................349 Convolution............................................................ 352 Deconvolution........................................................ 354 Noise and Wiener deconvolution........................ 358 Other deconvolution methods.............................. 362 Additional notes on deconvolution....................... 365 Template matching and correlation...................... 368 Autocorrelation...................................................... 373
Wavelets................................................................. 374 7 Segmentation and Thresholding... .381 Brightness thresholding.......................................... 381 Automatic settings................................................. 384 Multiband images................................................. 391 Color thresholding................................................. 395 Thresholding from texture...................................... 400 Multiple thresholding criteria................................ 402 Textural orientation................................................ 403 Region boundaries................................................406 Noise and overlaps.............................................. 408 Selecting smooth boundaries................................ 411 Conditional histograms.......................................... 413 Boundary lines....................................................... 415 Contours................................................................ 420 Cluster analysis...................................................... 423 More segmentation methods................................ 430 Image representation............................................ 434 8 Processing Binary Images.................. 439 Boolean operations............................................... 439 Combining Boolean operations............................442 viii Contents
Masks..................................................................... 447 From pixels to features........................................... 449 Filling holes............................................................450 Measurement grids................................................ 452 Boolean logic with features................................... 454 Selecting features by location.............................. 458 Double thresholding............................................... 462 Erosion and dilation............................................... 463 Opening and closing............................................ 465 Isotropy................................................................... 469 Measurements using erosion and dilation........... 470 Extension to grayscale images.............................. 473 Neighborhood parameters................................... 474 Examples of use..................................................... 476 Euclidean distance map........................................ 479 Watershed segmentation...................................... 482 Ultimate eroded points.......................................... 488 Skeletons................................................................ 490 Topology................................................................ 492 Boundary lines....................................................... 497 Combining skeleton and Euclidean distance map.................................................................... 500 9 Image Measurements....................... 505
Photogrammetry.................................................... 505 Comparisons........................................................... 511 Global measurements............................................518 Volume................................................................... 520 Surface area........................................................... 525 Grain size.............................................................. 530 Multiple surfaces................................................... 533 Length..................................................................... 535 Thickness................................................................ 538 Sampling strategies............................................... 539 Determining number............................................. 543 Curvature, connectivity, and the Disector............ 546 Anisotropy and gradients......................................551 Size distribution...................................................... 554 Classical stereology (unfolding)............................ 555 10 Feature Measurements..................... 559 Brightness measurements...................................... 559 Density.................................................................... 561 Brightness profiles.................................................. 563 Color values...........................................................566 Determining location..............................................568 Orientation............................................................. 573 Neighbor
relationships.......................................... 575 Contents ix
Separation distance............................................... 579 Alignment............................................................... 582 The linear Hough transform................................... 586 The circular Hough transform............................... 588 Counting................................................................. 592 Special counting procedures.................................597 Feature size............................................................ 602 Circles and ellipses................................................ 607 Caliper dimensions................................................ 609 Perimeter................................................................. 612 11 Characterizing Shape........................ 619 Describing shape................................................... 619 Dimensionless ratios............................................... 624 Effects of orientation.............................................. 628 Like a circle ......................................................... 630 An example: Leaves............................................... 633 Topology and the skeleton.................................... 640 Boundaries............................................................. 647 Shock graphs......................................................... 649 Fractal dimension................................................... 651 Measurement techniques.......................................653 Harmonic analysis................................................. 660 Chain
code............................................................ 662 An example: Arrow points.................................... 665 Wavelets................................................................. 667 Moments................................................................. 672 An example: Dandelion......................................... 676 Zernike moments....................................................677 Landmarks.............................................................. 679 12 Correlation, Classification, Identification, and Matching......683 A variety of purposes............................................ 683 Matching............................................................... 685 Cross-correlation....................................................689 Curvature scale space............................................692 Classification......................................................... 696 Distributions and decision points........................... 697 Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) and principal component analysis (PCA)............................... 700 Class definition...................................................... 702 Unsupervised learning........................................... 709 Are groups different?............................................. 712 Neural nets............................................................. 716 k-Nearest neighbors............................................... 720 Parametric description........................................... 722 Bayesian
statistics.................................................. 724 x Contents
A comparison........................................................ 726 Harmonic analysis and invariant moments.......... 729 Species examples.................................................. 732 Correlation............................................................. 736 Landmark data....................................................... 743 13 3D Imaging.............................................. 749 More than two dimensions.................................... 749 Volume imaging versus sections............................750 Serial sections........................................................ 754 Removing layers.................................................... 756 Reconstruction...................................... Confocal microscopy............................................ 762 Stereo viewing....................................................... 764 Tomography.......................................................... 767 Tomographic reconstruction................................. 770 Reconstruction artifacts.......................................... 774 Algebraic reconstruction........................................ 776 Maximum entropy................................................. 780 Imaging geometries............................................... 781 Other signals............................................................ 763 Beam hardening and other issues.........................786 3D tomography......................................................790 Dual energy methods............................................. 795
Microtomography.................................................. 799 3D reconstruction and visualization...................... 803 Slices and surfaces................................................806 Marching cubes..................................................... 810 Volumetric displays................................................ 813 Ray tracing..............................................................815 760 14 3D Processing and Measurement. . .819 Processing voxel arrays......................................... 819 When the z-axis is different................................... 824 Multiple image sets................................................ 828 Thresholding and segmentation............................ 830 Morphological operations and structural measurements....................................................837 Skeletons................................................................. 840 Surface and volume............................................... 847 Quantitative use of reconstructions....................... 849 Methods for object measurements.........................852 Size......................................................................... 854 Examples of object measurements........................ 857 Other object measurements.................................. 861 Limitations.............................................................. 867 Industrial applications............................................868 Comparison to stereological measurements........ 878 Contents xi
Spherical harmonics, wavelets, and fractal dimension............................................................ 881 Other applications and future possibilities.......... 888 15 Imaging Surfaces..................................891 Producing surfaces....................................................891 Imaging by physical contact.................................. 894 Noncontacting measurements............................... 898 Shape from shading and polynomial texture map....................................................................... 902 Microscopy of surfaces........................................... 906 Stereoscopy.............................................................. 908 Matching points........................................................913 Composition imaging............................................... 917 Processing of range images.................................... 919 Processing of composition maps............................ 923 Data presentation and visualization...................... 924 Surface rendering.....................................................928 Measurements........................................................... 931 Profiles....................................................................... 933 Representing elevation data................................... 937 The surface measurement suite.............................. 940 Hybrid properties.....................................................943 Topographic analysis...............................................945 Fractal
dimensions................................................... 949 References................................................... 957 Index.............................................................. 1013 xii Contents
|
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:01:17Z |
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| isbn | 9781138747494 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Russ, John C. Verfasser (DE-588)1187869198 aut The image processing handbook John C. Russ ; F. Brent Neal Seventh edition ; First issued in paperback Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group 2017 xvii,1035 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Bildanalyse (DE-588)4145391-8 gnd rswk-swf Bildverarbeitung (DE-588)4006684-8 gnd rswk-swf Bildverarbeitung (DE-588)4006684-8 s Bildanalyse (DE-588)4145391-8 s DE-604 Neal, F. Brent ca. 20./21. Jh. Verfasser (DE-588)1266807322 aut Digitalisierung UB Passau - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030149712&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Russ, John C. Neal, F. Brent ca. 20./21. Jh The image processing handbook Bildanalyse (DE-588)4145391-8 gnd Bildverarbeitung (DE-588)4006684-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4145391-8 (DE-588)4006684-8 |
| title | The image processing handbook |
| title_auth | The image processing handbook |
| title_exact_search | The image processing handbook |
| title_full | The image processing handbook John C. Russ ; F. Brent Neal |
| title_fullStr | The image processing handbook John C. Russ ; F. Brent Neal |
| title_full_unstemmed | The image processing handbook John C. Russ ; F. Brent Neal |
| title_short | The image processing handbook |
| title_sort | the image processing handbook |
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