Wearing the letter "P": Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945
"Author Sophie Knab's parents were Polish forced laborers in Germany during World War II. For years her mother was unable to discuss or answer questions about this period of her life. Compelled to learn more about her mother's experience and that of other Polish women, Knab began a pe...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
Hippocrene Books
[2016]
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register Register // Personenregister |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Author Sophie Knab's parents were Polish forced laborers in Germany during World War II. For years her mother was unable to discuss or answer questions about this period of her life. Compelled to learn more about her mother's experience and that of other Polish women, Knab began a personal and emotional quest. Over the course of 14 years, she conducted extensive research of postwar trial testimonies housed in archives in the U.S., London, and in Warsaw to piece together facts and individual stories from this singular and often-overlooked aspect of World War II history. As mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters, female Polish forced laborers faced a unique set of challenges and often unspeakable conditions because of their gender. Required to sew a large letter 'P' onto their jackets, thousands of women, some as young as age 12, were taken from their homes in Poland and forced to work for the Reich for months and years on end. In this important contribution to World War II history, Knab explains how it all happened, from the beginning of occupation in Poland to liberation: the roundups; the horrors of transit camps; the living and working conditions of Polish women in agriculture and industry; and the anguish of sexual exploitation and forced abortions...all under the constant threat of concentration camps. Knab draws from documents, government and family records, rare photos, and most importantly, numerous victim accounts...diaries, letters and trial testimonies...to present an unflinching, detailed portrait of the lives of female Polish laborers, finally giving these women a voice and bringing to light the atrocities that they endured"...Provided by publisher |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (pages 281-285) and index |
| Beschreibung: | ix, 293 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9780781813594 078181359X |
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| 520 | |a "Author Sophie Knab's parents were Polish forced laborers in Germany during World War II. For years her mother was unable to discuss or answer questions about this period of her life. Compelled to learn more about her mother's experience and that of other Polish women, Knab began a personal and emotional quest. Over the course of 14 years, she conducted extensive research of postwar trial testimonies housed in archives in the U.S., London, and in Warsaw to piece together facts and individual stories from this singular and often-overlooked aspect of World War II history. As mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters, female Polish forced laborers faced a unique set of challenges and often unspeakable conditions because of their gender. Required to sew a large letter 'P' onto their jackets, thousands of women, some as young as age 12, were taken from their homes in Poland and forced to work for the Reich for months and years on end. In this important contribution to World War II history, Knab explains how it all happened, from the beginning of occupation in Poland to liberation: the roundups; the horrors of transit camps; the living and working conditions of Polish women in agriculture and industry; and the anguish of sexual exploitation and forced abortions...all under the constant threat of concentration camps. Knab draws from documents, government and family records, rare photos, and most importantly, numerous victim accounts...diaries, letters and trial testimonies...to present an unflinching, detailed portrait of the lives of female Polish laborers, finally giving these women a voice and bringing to light the atrocities that they endured"...Provided by publisher | ||
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| adam_text | WEARING THE LETTER P
/ KNAB, SOPHIE HODOROWICZYYEAUTHOR
: 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
RECRUITMENT AND ROUNDUPS
THE TRANSIT CAMPS
TRANSPORT, ARRIVAL AND THE MARCH DECREES
LIFE AND WORK IN AGRICULTURE AND FACTORIES
HEALTH, ILLNESS AND HOSPITALIZATION
PREGNANCY AND CHILDBEARING
LAST DAYS OF THE WAR AND DP CAMPS
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
28i
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286
Index
AB-Aktion, 2
Adamiak, Daniela, 175
Adamska, Maria, 136
AEG (Allegemeine Elektrizitäts Gesell-
schaft), 79, 81, 94
air raids / bombings, 218-223, 227-228
Aktion T4, 160, 166
Albert Daubert {conserve factory), 207,209,
211,212
Alexander, Zosia, 129
Amme, Karl, 211
Andrzejewska, Maria, 50
arbeitsbuch/arbeitskarte/ausweiss, 15-16,
21,62
arrival in Germany, 59-62, 67-71
Auschwitz concentration camp, 34, 35
Ausländerkinder-Pflegstäette. See Institutions
for the Care of Foreign Children
B., Emilia, 49, 60, 77, 78, 82, 84, 95-96,
107, 113-114, 118, 120, 126,215,218
B. Irena, 140, 235, 252
B., Stanisława, 137-138
Bachor, Sister Leisel, 201, 202, 207
Baer, Elizabeth (author), 5
Bar, Christopher, 202
Baranowska, Stefania, 155
Bartosz, Julian (historian), 4
Becker, Gertrude, 209-210,213
bed bugs (Cimex lectularis), 83-84
Berlin
forced labor housing barracks in, 81
transit camp in (Durchgangslager
Wilhelmshagen), 70
Bilien, Frau Valentina, 194, 195, 197, 199,
200
Błażejak, Anna, 212
Blockey, Eileen (UNRRA), 245
Blucek, Veronica, 198
Blum, Philip, 160, 163
Bojko, Aniela, 29-30, 45, 69, 109, 114-115,
124-125, 135-136, 164-165, 221-222
Bracht, Fritz, 8
Braczkowski, Michał Bracuk. 112-113
Brandt, Dr. Karl, 169, 172
Braunschweig maternity home. See Bruns-
wick maternity home
British Militaiy Tribunals, 99, 194-200
Brunswick maternity home, 184, 207-213
Brzezowska, Bronislav Birheyec, 96-97
Buczek-Różańska, Janina. 61, 74, 102, 104,
105-106
Buechenbeuren, 185
Buko, Felixa, 167-168
Camp Spenlestrasse, 114
Children’s Homes / Kinderheim. See Institu-
tions for the Care of Foreign Children
Chomica, Janina, 158-159
Christmastime as forced laborers, 102, 115.
123-125
Chudziński, Stefa and Genia, 221
Chybińska, Halina, 60. 68. 69, 74, 130-131.
138-140, 164,217
Ciszak, Aurelia, 133
Clarenz, Dr. Franz Maria, 183
Claus, Gustav, 194
concentration camps, 1. 34. 35, 43, 82-83.
132, 140
Council for the Protection of Struggle and
Martyrdom Sites (Poland), 213
Częstochowa, Poland, transit camp in, 41
Danzig-West Prussia, 8, 17
Dębicka-Malińska, Janina, 48-49
Decree No. 4/43 (re: abortions), 180-181
Demmerich, Dr. Richard, 194. 196, 199, 200
Dengler, Halina, 18-19, 63
deportation to Germany, 3-4, 16, 17-19, 20-23,
26-38, 41, 53-59
dispersement of laborers in Germany, 59-62.
67-71
Displaced Persons Act (U.S.), 250, 251, 253
Displaced Person camps. See DP camps
Index
287
Dobrzyńska, Wacława, 60
Dobrzy cka, Stefania, 129
Dorochowicz, Leokadia, 73-74, 97, 98
DP camps, 237-241, 242-243
Al Herte, 238
Landsztul, 246
Ludwigsburg DP Camp, 241, 242-243
Pirmasens, 246
Wildflecken, 237
dpcamps.org, 253
Dreissen, Kurt, 26-27
Drozdek, Celina, 41
Dudek, Janina, 99-100
Dyczyńska, Leokadia, 56-57, 63, 93
Dziedzice, Poland (1946), 245
end of war, 215-223, 225-231
escapes from forced labor, 134-140
euthanasia, 160-163, 166-168
Faltlhauser, Dr. Valentin, 166, 167
Fischer, Fritz, 172
Flint, Fritz, 194
Fonfara, Helena, 129
food shortages in Germany, 103-114, 217-218
food shortages in Poland, 141-144
Foreigners’ Children’s Homes. See Institu-
tions for the Care of Foreign Children
Forester, Albert, 8
Frank, Hans, 14, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, 31, 32,
142, 144
Fried, John H. {author), 5
G., Janina, 50, 70, 76, 78, 79-80, 82, 84, 94,
95, 107, 108, 111, 113, 118, 126, 142, 149,
218
Gajewska, Stanisława, 150
Gąsienica, Zosia, 222
Gawryłkiewicz-Kodelska, Julia, 57-58, 74,
89-90, 91, 103, 117, 118, 124, 152-153,
220-221
Gebhardt, Dr. Carl, 179
Gedzun, Anna, 183
Geisenhagen, Gunther, 99
Gellately, Robert {author), 177
General Government (Poland), 2, 12, 17, 20-
34, 40, 43, 129-130, 142-144
Gerike, Heinrich, 194, 195, 197
Germanization of Poland, 7-12, 173
Germanization of Polish children, 4, 34, 173-
174, 177, 178, 181, 185-187
German Labor Office Department, 13
German Ministry of Labor for Poland, 2
German’s relationship with Poles, 65, 85,
87-89, 96-103
Gestapo, 11, 32, 33-34, 43, 82, 100, 128,
131, 132, 133, 134, 137, 138-139, 140,
176, 177, 178, 181, 182, 190, 199, 207,
214, 222, 223
Gnaś, Maryśia, 170
Gołębiowska, Eugenia, 92
Goldenberg, Myma {author), 5
Górecka, Irena, 154
Güring, Field Marshall Hermann, 21, 23, 62
Gotesman, Kazimiera, 102
Greifelt, Ulrich, 174
Greiser, Gauleiter Arthur, 8, 17, 141, 144-145
Grimm-Treipel tobacco plant, 114
Gutek, Rozalia, 170
Hadamar Institute / Hadamar Trial, 160-163
Hauch, Gabriella {historian), 193
Heilig, Kreisleiter, 207, 209, 210
Heliowatt-Werke-Elekrizitats (Schweinnitz,
Germany), 91, 220
Herbert, Ulrich {historian), 5, 36, 62, 96,
144, 157, 190
Hessling, Georg, 194, 198
Hilgenfeldt, SS-Grppenfiihrer Erich, 193-
194
Himmler, Reichftihrer Heinrich, 11, 34, 62,
64, 126, 132, 144, 146, 173-174, 182, 189,
193-194
Hitler, Adolph, and P61and, 2, 7, 160
Hodorowicz, Andrew, 239, 249
Hodorowicz, Józef, 214, 250-251, 253-255
Hodorowicz, Józefa Zalewska, 5, 35-36, 48,
84, 90-91, 103, 107, 109, 111, 126-127,
188-189, 214, 222-223, 239, 247, 249,
250-251,253-255
Hodorowicz, Matthew, 250
Hodorowicz, Michael, 214, 222-223
Homze, Edward {author), 5
Hoppe, Emma, 198-199
Hosajowa, Maria, 37-38, 46, 53, 59, 82-83,
114-115, 141, 146, 150
Hrabar, Roman {historian), 4, 186, 209
Huber, Imgard, 163
illnesses among Poles, 144-150
Incorporated Eastern Territories, 3, 8, 11, 13,
19, 27, 34, 40, 142, 173
288
Index
Institutions for the Care of Foreign Children.
189-214
Brunswick (Braunschweig) maternity
home, 184, 207-213
Spital am Phym, Austria, 193-194
Unterluss maternity and children s
homes, 213-214, 222-225
Velpke Children’s Home, 194-200
Wolfsburg-Ruehen Home for Foreign
Children, 200-207
International Military Tribunal at Nurembeig.
1,4,21
Jäger, Anna, 209, 212
Jeleńska. Anna, 218
Jeleńska. Jolanta Knapska. See Knapska
Jolenta
K., Kazimiera, 28.41, 55, 67-68. 72, 77. 78.
79, 80, 81, 89, 93, 94-95, 103, 108, 110-
111. 113, 115, 117. 119. 120, 121-122,
124, 127, 131, 148. 216, 217, 219, 235.
252-253
Kaczmarek, Józefa, 137
Kallenbom, Anneliese. 211
Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, 185, 189
Kaufbeuren-Irsee Institution, 166-167
Kessler. Pauline, 166-167
Kiecol. Zofia. 171
Klein, Alfons, 160, 163
Klopocka Zofia. See Taborska Zofia
Klopocka
Knab, Sophie Hodorowicz. 223-225, 253-
255
Knapska. Gabriella “Jela”, 70, 78, 154, 225-
231.232, 242-243
Knapska, Jolanta “Jola”, 84, 89. 176, 226-
231.232, 242-243
Koch, Erich, 8
Komski, Zbigniec, 186-187
Kondracka, Eleanora 150-151
Kopiek. Janina, 166
Korbel, Dr. Hans, 200, 202, 203-204, 206,
207
Korwin, Marta, 239-240
Koscielnak, Barbara. 186-187
Kosińska. Jamino, 205
Kowalewska, Irena, 153-154
Kowalińska-Radosz, Mieczysława. 19. 39,
54, 76, 122-123
Koziełło-Poklewski, Bohdan (historian). 4
Kraków transit camps. 43-46. 47
Waska Street transit camp, 43-46. 51
Krausowicz, Stanisława. 211
Kruska, Veronica, 171
Krzywonos, Józef. 45. 46-47. 48
Kubicza, Ludwika. 134
Kubusiak. Zofia, 42. 59. 192. 245-247
Kuc, Wanda, 133
Kulczyk. Wanda 170
Kuleczka, Leokadia 136
Kuligowska, Czesława 165
Kulik, Anastasia 183
Kurek, Helena 60
Kurowska Kazimiera 171
Kuśmierczuk, Maria 171
Kwiatkowska, Czesława, 204-205
labor camps, 75-83, 106-114
labor education camps. 132. 138-140
labor offices, 12-19, 20-21, 59-60, 97-98
lack of food, 103-114. 141.217-218.227-
228
Lammer, Sister Hildegard. 204
Landau, Ludwik, 33, 34
Lefanowicz, Aniela 171
Lemiesz. Wiktor (historian), 4
Lesczyńska Genowefa 16-17
Letter P, wearing of, 4, 26, 62-63. 121-123
Libor, Maria 173, 188
lice infestation. 147-149
Lipiec, Tadeusz, 150
living conditions for Poles in Germany (WWII)
air raids / bombings. 218-223. 227-228
bed bug scourge, 83-84
Christmas, 123-125
cloth ing/shoes. 128-131
delousing, 47, 49, 68-70, 147-149
denial of medical care. 151-154
displaced person (DP) camps. 239-243
escapes. 134-140
free time, 116-120
factory labor/housing 67-68. 71, 75-83.
89-96. 103-114
on farms 68, 71, 73-74, 85-89, 97-98
going home, 232-238. 243-247
granting of leaves/vacations. 132-133
illnesses, 145-150
lack of food, 103-114, 141.217-218.
227-228
letters and packages to/from home,
117-119. 128-131
Index
289
marriage restrictions, 181-182
medical care and lack thereof, 153, 154-
160
occupational hazards, 150-151
regulations governing, 62-67, 96-97, 98,
116
relationships with German employers,
65, 85, 87-89, 96-103
religious faith and, 126-128
punishments/arrests, 131-140
trench digging, 215-217
types of jobs, 67-68
wages, 114-115
See also pregnancy and childbirth
Łódź, Poland, transit camp, 40-41, 49
Łuczak, Czesław {historian), 4, 17, 36
Łuczak, Janina, 99
Łukaszewicz, Bohdan (,historian), 4
Lüneburg Institution, 167
Łyszkowska, Halina, 79, 122, 136
M., Eugenia, 36-37, 68, 86, 98, 104, 105,
112, 116, 128, 191
M., Janina, 78,91, 102-103, 107, 110, 117,
152
Madajczak, Czesław (historian), 4
Madon, Dorota, 166
Majdanek concentration camp, 34, 61
Makulska, Alina, 43
March Decrees, 26, 62-67, 131
Marchewska, Krystyna, 92
Mazur, Aurelia Michałowska, 69
medical experimentation on prisoners, 169-
172
Merkle, Adolf, 160, 163
Metallwerk-Silva factory, 114
Metalwarenfabrik Treuenbrietzen (Selterhof,
Germany), 91, 110
Meyer, Heinrich, 99
Mezeritz-Obrawalde Institution. See Obrzyce
Institution
Michajlawa, Natalij, 183
Mõse, Karl, 209-210,213
Muller, Hermann, 194
Musiał, Zofia, 204
Musialowska, Cecylia, 99
Napp, Anna, 155-156, 157
National Socialist Farmers Association, 157
National Socialist People’s Welfare Organi-
zation (NS V), 186
Nazi racial classification/ideology/policy, 2,
11, 173-174, 182-183, 186, 190
Noth, Werner, 194
NSDAP (Nazi Party), 44, 184, 193, 207, 209
Nuremberg Military Tribunals, 1, 4, 21, 169,
171
Oberheuser, Herta, 172
Obrzyce Institution, 167-168
Ochojna, Maria, 166
Ohl, Dr. Willie, 200-201, 205
Okoniewska, Aniela, 170
Orlowa,Anna, 183
P, wearing of. See Letter P, wearing of
P. Waleria, 29, 86, 121, 127, 233-234
Paciorka, Jôzefa, 134
Parabkiewicz, Halina, 136
Pasternak, Kataryna, 197
Pawlowska, Helena, 179, 217
Pelce, Zofia, 175
Perembska, Maria, 183
Pietrzak, Jadwiga, 165-166
Pietrzyk, Basia, 170
Pisters, Sister Kathe, 201, 202, 207
Poland during World War II
AB-Aktion campaign, 2
arbeitsbuch/arbeitskarte, 15-16
aftermath of war in, 232-233
Christmas traditions, 123
clothing needs, 129-130
deportation/roundup of forced laborers
from, 3-4, 16, 17-19, 20-23,
26-38,41,53-59
division of, 7-8, 12
food shortages/confiscation in, 141-144
General Government in, 2, 12, 17,
20-34,40, 129-130, 142-144
Germanization of, 2, 7-12
illnesses in, 144-146, 1
Jews of, 1,2, 7, 10, 11
labor offices in, 3, 12-19, 20-21
post-war, 244, 245
recruitment of workers in, 22-32
religious faith of, 126
restrictions in, 8-11, 130
seasonal labor from, 12-13
transit camps in, 39-52
underground in, 25-26, 28, 31, 33-34
Polenerlasse. See March Decrees
Polish National Tracing Bureau, 240
Index
290
Polish Repatriation Committee (PUR), 244
Polish underground in WWII, 25-26, 28. 31,
33-34. 43
Półtawska. Wanda. 170-171
Popiel. Krystyna. 129
Popierał ska. Anna, 119
pregnancy and childbirth of forced laborers
abortions. 174. 180-185
deaths of mothers during. 184
with German father, 177
maternity leave and lack of, 187
medical care and lack of, 188
regulations regarding, 178-179, 180-181,
185-186, 189
return to Poland due to, 178-179
starving/murdering of babies, 190-214
taking of babies from mothers, 185-214
Prus. Alfreda. 171
Przemyśl, Poland, transit camps, 42
Pstrowska. Bronisława, 164
Puchajda, Anna, 58, 61, 105
Pupik. Jozefa. 211-212
Race and Resettlement Office (RuSHA), 174
racial classification system/criteria, 2, 11,
174. 182-183. 186, 190
Rada Głowna Opiekuńcza (RGO), 27, 128.
146. 153-154. 157, 158-159
Rakowska. Apolonia “Pela”, 170
Ratzeburg. Racial Examiner SS Sergeant R.
183
Ravensbriick concentration camp, 43, 169-172
Regulation No.67/1. 174
regulations governing Polish laborers, 62-67.
96-97. 98. 116
Reich Commission for the Consolidation of
German Nationhood (RKFDV), 11, 173, 182
Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). 189
repatriation. 241-245. 247
resettlement, 249-251
Rheinmettal-Borsig AG (arms and ammuni-
tion factory, Unterluss), 214, 222-223
RKFDV. See Reich Commission for the
Strengthening of Germanism
Ronkiewicz. Zofia, 168
Rosmus, Anna (historian), 183, 184
Różańska, Janina Buczek. See Buczek-
Różańska Janina
Ruofif. Heinrich, 160, 163
Rusiński, Władysław (historian), 4
Rybarczyk. Władysława, 106
S., Janina, 32-33
Sachsenhausen camp system, 79
Saremba, Viktoria, 166-167
Sauckel, Gauleiter Fritz, 32, 72, 132
Schleimann, Dr. Kurt, 197, 199
Schmidt, Sister Ełla, 200, 201, 203, 204,
205, 207
Schranner, Dr. Theresa, 145-146
Schwarze, Gisela (historian), 184
SD (Sicherheitsdienst or Security Service),
181, 184, 190
Seeber, Eva (historian 184, 190
Seroczyńska, Stanisława, 99
sexual assault/harassment, 174-177
Skwarcewicz, Maria, 87, 112, 175, 219
Sledziejowska, Staszka, 170-171
Sobczyk, Stanisława, 222
Sobieraj ska, Helena, 112
Sosińska, Kiysia, 136
Sowińska, Karolina, 69
Spital am Phym, Austria children’s “home”,
193-194
St. Joseph Foundation, 155
Struck and Witte, 207, 209
Suchowa, Janina, 121
suicides among forced laborers, 164-166,
182
Supreme National Tribunal (Poland), 4
Sypniewska, Krysia Sosińska, 136
Szafer, Janina, 136
Szaleniec, Janina, 55-56
Szczepaniak, Czesława, 204
Szkop, Filomena, 134
Szkop, Maria, 134
Taborska, Zofia Kiopocka, 30, 37, 42, 51-52,
54-55, 56, 73, 175
Telefunken, 70, 225-226
Tokarz, Zofia (historian), 4
transit camps, 39-52, 70
trench digging, 215-217
Trószynska, Helena, 154
tuberculosis, 144-146
Tumińska, Janina, 86, 101, 104, 151
Turant, Gabriella Knapska. See Knapska,
Gabriella
typhoid, 150
typhus, 146-149, 155
Ulm, Germany (1945), 225-231
Index
291
United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Administration (UNRRA), 237, 240, 241,
243, 245, 246, 247, 249
United States Military Tribunal, 173
Unterluss maternity and children’s homes,
213-214, 222-225
Velpke Children’s Home, 194-200
Vetulani-Belfoure, Krystyna Ewa, 100
Vogel, Bemhild (historian), 184
Voges, Hugo, 197-198
Volkslist, 2
Volkswagen Works, 185, 200, 201, 202, 204
Wacławek, Helena, 157
Wagner, Josef, 8
Wahlmann, Adolf, 160, 163
Walkowski, Sophie, 136
Waltrop-Holthausen, 184
Walusek, Stefka, 125
Warsaw transit camp (Pruskow), 43
Warsaw transit camp (Skaryszewska Street),
42
Warsaw Uprising, 43, 57, 81, 82-83, 124
Warta Region (Warthegau), 8, 18-19, 144-
145
Wilhelmsburg fortress/factory (Ulm), 75.
155. 225-231
Willie, August and Doris. 165
Willig, Karl, 160, 163
Wischinewska, Irena, 161
Wolfsburg-Ruehen Home for Foreign Chil·
drene, 200-207
Wórle, Mina, 167
Wróbel, Jadwiga, 119
Wroński, Tadeusz (historian 44
Youth Office (Jugendamt 186
Zalewska, Anna. 34, 35, 249
Zalewska, Józefa. See Hodorowicz. Józefa
Zalewska
Zalewska, Melania, 7
Załuska, Jadwiga, 143
Zamość region (Poland), 34, 178
Zelensky, Stefanie and Anastasius, 198
Zentala, Katarzyna, 211
Zielonka, Maria, 170
Zwierska, Władysława, 136
292
Index of Polish forced laborers quoted in this book
Adamiak, Daniela, 175
Adamska, Maria, 136
Alexander, Zosia, 129
Andrzejewska, Maria, 50
Anna, 118, 123-124
B., Emilia, 49, 60, 77, 78, 82, 84, 95-96,
107, 113-114, 118, 120, 126,215,218
B., Irena, 140, 235, 252
B., Stanisława, 137-138
Baranowska, Stefania, 155
Blucek, Veronica, 198
Bojko, Aniela, 29-30, 45, 69, 109, 114-115,
124-125, 135-136, 164-165, 221-222
Braczkowski, Michal Bracuk, 112-113
Brzezowska, Bronislav Birheyec, 96-97
Buczek-Różańska, Janina, 61, 74, 102, 104,
105-106
Buko, Felixa, 167-168
Chomica, Janina, 158-159
Chudziński, Stefa and Genia, 221
Chybińska, Halina, 60, 61, 68, 69, 74, 130-
131, 138-140, 164,217
Ciszak, Aurelia, 133
Dębicka-Malińska, Janina, 48-49
Dengler, Halina, 18-19, 63
Dobrsyńska, Wacława, 60
Dobrzycka, Stefania, 129
Dorochowicz, Leokadia, 73-74, 97, 98
Drozdek, Celina, 41
Dudek, Janina, 99-100
Dyczyńska, Leokadia, 56-57, 63, 93
Fonfara, Helena, 129
G. Janina, 50, 70, 76, 78, 79-80, 82, 84, 94,
95, 107, 108, 111, 113, 118, 126, 142, 149,
218
Gajewska, Stanisława, 150
Gawryłkiewicz-Kodelska, Julia, 57-58, 74,
89-90, 91, 117, 118, 124, 152-153, 220-
221
Gedzun, Anna, 183
Górecka, Irena, 154
Gotesman, Kazimiera, 102
Hodorowicz, Józefa Zalewska, 5, 35-36,
48, 84, 90-91, 107, 109, 111, 126-127,
188-189, 222-223, 239, 247, 249, 250-251,
253-255
Hosajowa, Maria, 37-38, 46, 53, 59, 82-83,
114-115, 141, 146, 150
Jeleńska, Anna 218
Jeleńska, Jolanta Knapska. See Knapska,
Jolanta
K., Kazimiera, 28, 41, 55, 67-68, 72, 77, 78,
79, 80, 81, 89, 93, 94-95, 108, 110-111,
113, 115, 117, 119, 120, 121-122, 124,
127, 131, 148, 216, 217, 219, 235, 252-253
Kaczmarek, Józefa, 137
Klobocka, Zofia. See Taborska, Zofia
Klopocka
Knapska, Gabriella “Jęła”. 70, 78, 154, 225-
231,232, 242-243
Knapska, Jolanta “Jola”. 84, 89, 176. 226-
231, 232, 242-243
Kondracka, Eleanora, 150-151
Kosińska, Jamino, 205
Kopiek, Janina, 166
Kosciełnak, Barbara, 186-187
Kowalewska, Irena, 153-154
Kowalińska-Radosz. Mieczysława. 19, 39.
54, 76, 122-123
Krzywonos, Józef, 45, 46-47, 48
Kubusiak, Zofia, 42, 59, 245-247
Kuc, Wanda, 133
Kuleczka, Leokadia, 136
Kuligowska, Czesława, 165
Kulik, Anastasia, 183
Kurek, Helena, 60
Libor, Maria, 173, 188
Lipiec, Tadeusz, 150
Łuczak, Janina, 99
Łyszkowska, Halina, 79, 122, 136
293
M., Eugenia, 36-37, 68, 86, 98, 104, 105,
112, 116, 128
M., Janina, 78, 91, 102-103, 107, 110, 117,
152
Madon, Dorota, 166
Makulska, Alina, 43
Mazur, Aurelia Michałowska, 69
Michajlawa, Natalij, 183
Musiał, Zofia, 204
Musialowska, Cecylia, 99
Napp, Anna, 155-156, 157
Ochojna, Maria, 166
Orłowa, Anna 183
P. Waleria, 29, 86, 121, 127, 233-234
Pasternak, Kataryna, 197
Pawłowska, Helena, 179, 217
Pelce, Zofia, 175
Perembska, Maria, 183
Pietrzak, Jadwiga, 165-166
Popiel, Krystyna, 129
Popieralska, Anna, 119
Pstrowska, Bronisława, 164
Puchajda, Anna, 58, 61, 105
Pupik, Jozefa, 211-212
Ronkiewicz, Zofia, 168
Różańska, Janina Buczek. See Buczek-
Różańska, Janina
Rybarczyk, Władysława, 106
S., Janina, 32-33
Saremba, Viktoria, 166-167
Seroczyńska, Stanisława, 99, 106
Skwarcewicz, Maria, 87, 112, 175, 219
Sobierajska, Helena, 112
Sośinska, Krysia, 136
Sowińska, Karolina, 69
Suchowa, Janina, 121
Szkop, Filomena, 134
Szkop, Maria, 134
Taborska, Zofia Klopocka, 30, 37, 42, 51-52,
54-55, 56, 73,175
Trószynska, Helena, 154
Tumińska, Janina, 86, 101, 104, 151
Turant, Gabriella Knapska. See Knapska,
Gabriella
Vetulani-Belfoure, Kiystyna Ewa, 100
Wacławek, Helena, 157
Walusek, Stefka, 125
Wischinewska, Irena, 161
Wróbel, Jadwiga, 119
Zelensky, Stefanie, 198
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Knab, Sophie Hodorowicz 1948- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1116977478 |
| author_facet | Knab, Sophie Hodorowicz 1948- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Knab, Sophie Hodorowicz 1948- |
| author_variant | s h k sh shk |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044720191 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | D805 |
| callnumber-raw | D805.G3 |
| callnumber-search | D805.G3 |
| callnumber-sort | D 3805 G3 |
| callnumber-subject | D - General History |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)965869313 (DE-599)BVBBV044720191 |
| dewey-full | 940.54/05 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 940 - History of Europe |
| dewey-raw | 940.54/05 |
| dewey-search | 940.54/05 |
| dewey-sort | 3940.54 15 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| era | Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1939-1945 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Poland History Occupation, 1939-1945 Germany Social conditions 1933-1945 Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Poland History Occupation, 1939-1945 Germany Social conditions 1933-1945 Deutschland |
| id | DE-604.BV044720191 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T08:00:18Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780781813594 078181359X |
| language | English |
| lccn | 016034889 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030116493 |
| oclc_num | 965869313 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-M352 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-M352 |
| physical | ix, 293 Seiten Illustrationen |
| psigel | DHB_BSB_FID DHB_IFZ |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSearch | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | Hippocrene Books |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Knab, Sophie Hodorowicz 1948- Verfasser (DE-588)1116977478 aut Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 Sophie Hodorowicz Knab New York Hippocrene Books [2016] ix, 293 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (pages 281-285) and index "Author Sophie Knab's parents were Polish forced laborers in Germany during World War II. For years her mother was unable to discuss or answer questions about this period of her life. Compelled to learn more about her mother's experience and that of other Polish women, Knab began a personal and emotional quest. Over the course of 14 years, she conducted extensive research of postwar trial testimonies housed in archives in the U.S., London, and in Warsaw to piece together facts and individual stories from this singular and often-overlooked aspect of World War II history. As mothers, wives, daughters, and sisters, female Polish forced laborers faced a unique set of challenges and often unspeakable conditions because of their gender. Required to sew a large letter 'P' onto their jackets, thousands of women, some as young as age 12, were taken from their homes in Poland and forced to work for the Reich for months and years on end. In this important contribution to World War II history, Knab explains how it all happened, from the beginning of occupation in Poland to liberation: the roundups; the horrors of transit camps; the living and working conditions of Polish women in agriculture and industry; and the anguish of sexual exploitation and forced abortions...all under the constant threat of concentration camps. Knab draws from documents, government and family records, rare photos, and most importantly, numerous victim accounts...diaries, letters and trial testimonies...to present an unflinching, detailed portrait of the lives of female Polish laborers, finally giving these women a voice and bringing to light the atrocities that they endured"...Provided by publisher Geschichte 1939-1945 gnd rswk-swf World War, 1939-1945 Conscript labor Germany World War, 1939-1945 Women Germany Polish people Germany History 20th century Women Germany History 20th century Forced labor Germany History 20th century Foreign workers, Polish Germany History 20th century World War, 1939-1945 Personal narratives, Polish World War, 1939-1945 Atrocities Germany Polin (DE-588)4326609-5 gnd rswk-swf Zwangsarbeiterin (DE-588)4351127-2 gnd rswk-swf Poland History Occupation, 1939-1945 Germany Social conditions 1933-1945 Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland (DE-588)4011882-4 g Zwangsarbeiterin (DE-588)4351127-2 s Polin (DE-588)4326609-5 s Geschichte 1939-1945 z DE-604 LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030116493&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030116493&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030116493&sequence=000004&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030116493&sequence=000005&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Personenregister |
| spellingShingle | Knab, Sophie Hodorowicz 1948- Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 World War, 1939-1945 Conscript labor Germany World War, 1939-1945 Women Germany Polish people Germany History 20th century Women Germany History 20th century Forced labor Germany History 20th century Foreign workers, Polish Germany History 20th century World War, 1939-1945 Personal narratives, Polish World War, 1939-1945 Atrocities Germany Polin (DE-588)4326609-5 gnd Zwangsarbeiterin (DE-588)4351127-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4326609-5 (DE-588)4351127-2 (DE-588)4011882-4 |
| title | Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 |
| title_auth | Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 |
| title_exact_search | Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 |
| title_full | Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 Sophie Hodorowicz Knab |
| title_fullStr | Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 Sophie Hodorowicz Knab |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wearing the letter "P" Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 Sophie Hodorowicz Knab |
| title_short | Wearing the letter "P" |
| title_sort | wearing the letter p polish women as forced laborers in nazi germany 1939 1945 |
| title_sub | Polish women as forced laborers in Nazi Germany, 1939-1945 |
| topic | World War, 1939-1945 Conscript labor Germany World War, 1939-1945 Women Germany Polish people Germany History 20th century Women Germany History 20th century Forced labor Germany History 20th century Foreign workers, Polish Germany History 20th century World War, 1939-1945 Personal narratives, Polish World War, 1939-1945 Atrocities Germany Polin (DE-588)4326609-5 gnd Zwangsarbeiterin (DE-588)4351127-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | World War, 1939-1945 Conscript labor Germany World War, 1939-1945 Women Germany Polish people Germany History 20th century Women Germany History 20th century Forced labor Germany History 20th century Foreign workers, Polish Germany History 20th century World War, 1939-1945 Personal narratives, Polish World War, 1939-1945 Atrocities Germany Polin Zwangsarbeiterin Poland History Occupation, 1939-1945 Germany Social conditions 1933-1945 Deutschland |
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