The empire must die: Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917
From Tolstoy to Lenin, from Diaghilev to Stalin, The Empire Must Die is a tragedy of operatic proportions with a cast of characters that ranges from the exotic to utterly villainous, the glamorous to the depraved. In 1912, Russia experienced a flowering of liberalism and tolerance that placed it at...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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New York
Public Affairs
2017
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| Ausgabe: | First edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | From Tolstoy to Lenin, from Diaghilev to Stalin, The Empire Must Die is a tragedy of operatic proportions with a cast of characters that ranges from the exotic to utterly villainous, the glamorous to the depraved. In 1912, Russia experienced a flowering of liberalism and tolerance that placed it at the forefront of the modern world: women were fighting for the right to vote in the elections for the newly empowered parliament, Russian art and culture was the envy of Europe and America, there was a vibrant free press and intellectual life. But a fatal flaw was left uncorrected: Russia's exuberant experimental moment took place atop a rotten foundation. The old imperial order, in place for three hundred years, still held the nation in thrall. Its princes, archdukes, and generals bled the country dry during the First World War and by 1917 the only consensus was that the Empire must die. Mikhail Zygar's dazzling, in-the-moment retelling of the two decades that prefigured the death of the Tsar, his family, and the entire imperial edifice is a captivating drama of what might have been versus what was subsequently seen as inevitable. A monumental piece of political theater that only Russia was capable of enacting, the fall of the Russian Empire changed the course of the twentieth century and eerily anticipated the mood of the twenty-first |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (pages 521-530) and index |
| Beschreibung: | xi, 558 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781610398312 1610398319 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The empire must die |b Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 |c Mikhail Zygar |
| 250 | |a First edition | ||
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| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (pages 521-530) and index | ||
| 520 | |a From Tolstoy to Lenin, from Diaghilev to Stalin, The Empire Must Die is a tragedy of operatic proportions with a cast of characters that ranges from the exotic to utterly villainous, the glamorous to the depraved. In 1912, Russia experienced a flowering of liberalism and tolerance that placed it at the forefront of the modern world: women were fighting for the right to vote in the elections for the newly empowered parliament, Russian art and culture was the envy of Europe and America, there was a vibrant free press and intellectual life. But a fatal flaw was left uncorrected: Russia's exuberant experimental moment took place atop a rotten foundation. The old imperial order, in place for three hundred years, still held the nation in thrall. Its princes, archdukes, and generals bled the country dry during the First World War and by 1917 the only consensus was that the Empire must die. Mikhail Zygar's dazzling, in-the-moment retelling of the two decades that prefigured the death of the Tsar, his family, and the entire imperial edifice is a captivating drama of what might have been versus what was subsequently seen as inevitable. A monumental piece of political theater that only Russia was capable of enacting, the fall of the Russian Empire changed the course of the twentieth century and eerily anticipated the mood of the twenty-first | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | THE EMPIRE MUST DIE
/ ZYGARE1, MIKHAILYYD1981-YYEAUTHOR
: 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
CHAPTER 1, IN WHICH LEO TOLSTOY BECOMES A SYMBOL OF THE FIGHT AGAINST
THE REGIME AND THE MAIN IDEOLOGIST OF THE OPPOSITION
CHAPTER 2, IN WHICH SERGEI WITTE FAILS TO STOP RUSSIA FROM INVADING
CHINA AND SEIZING BEIJING
CHAPTER 3, IN WHICH JEWS GO ON THE WAR PATH: MIKHAIL GOTZ AND GREGORY
GERSHUNI CREATE THE MOST POWERFUL OPPOSITION PARTY IN RUSSIA
CHAPTER 4, IN WHICH LIBERALS COME INTO FASHION: PETER STRUVE AND PAVEL
MILYUKOV BECOME THE MOST POPULAR POLITICIANS IN THE COUNTRY
CHAPTER 5, IN WHICH EMPRESS ALEXANDRA AND DOWAGER EMPRESS MARIA ARGUE
OVER WHO WILL BE MISTRESS OF THE PALACE AND OF RUSSIA
CHAPTER 6, IN WHICH RUSSIAN GETS A NEW LEADER OF POPULAR PROTEST: HIS
NAME IS GEORGY GAPON
CHAPTER 7, IN WHICH BLACK-HUNDREDER ALEXANDER DUBROVIN CREATES THE FIRST
RUSSIAN PARTY OF THE STATE, AND OPPOSITIONER MAXIM GORKY ASKS THE WEST
TO STOP FUNDING RUSSIA
CHAPTER 8, IN WHICH PYOTR STOLYPIN AND DMITRIY TREPOV SUGGEST TWO
DIFFERENT WAYS OF REFORMING RUSSIA
CHAPTER 9, IN WHICH ART FAN SERGEI DIAGHILEV AND RELIGIOUS FANATIC
SERGEI TRUFANOV (ILIODOR) TRY TO STAY INDEPENDENT FROM THE STATE AND
EVEN USE IT TO THEIR ADVANTAGE
CHAPTER 10, IN WHICH MILLIONAIRES ALEXANDER GUCHKOV AND PAVEL
RYABUSHINSKY TRY TO ENGAGE BIG BUSINESS IN MANAGING THE COUNTRY
CHAPTER 11, IN WHICH GRIGORY RASPUTIN BECOMES THE MOST POWERFUL
KLEPTOCRAT AND THE MOST HATED PACIFIST IN RUSSIA
CHAPTER 12, IN WHICH THERE IS A SECOND LEADER OF POPULAR PROTEST IN
RUSSIA: HIS NAME IS ALEXANDER KERENSKY
CHAPTER 13, IN WHICH IRAKLI TSERETELI TRIES TO TURN RUSSIAN INTO A
PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY AND VLADIMIR LENIN STANDS IN HIS WAY
CHAPTER 14, IN WHICH LEON TROTSKY AND LEV KAMENEV DON T WISH FOR A
BOLSHEVIK REVOLT ANYMORE, SINCE THEY BELIEVE IT TO BE COMPLETELY
UNNECESSARY
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
INDEX
Abyssinian Guards, 404a
agrarian reform, 259—260, 272
Albert Victor (Prince), 132
alcohol reform, Witte-Mendeleev, 38
alcoholism, 331—332
Alekseyev, Mikhail, 116, 219—220,352
Kerensky and, 492—493
Nicholas II and, 398, 407—408
Nicholas IPs abdication and, 413—414,
422-423
Russian-Japanese War and, 120—122,183
Alexander I (Emperor), 285
Jewish prejudice of, 84—85
Alexander I (King), 205—206
Alexander II (Emperor), 284
assassination of, 9—14,134
Jews and, 85
Alexander III (Emperor)
Alexander IPs assassination and, 10
anti-Jewish laws, 85
death of, 50
Nicholas II and, 50
Pobedonostsev and, 10
Tolstoy and, 2,5—6,11—12
Witte and, 37—38
Alexander Mikhailovich (Grand
Duke), 136
Nicholas II and, 50—51
Alexandra (Empress)
Alexei and, 130—131,141,143
Anastasia and, 137
anti-German sentiment and, 348
Elizabeth and, 154—155
false pregnancy of, 139
Goremykin and, 359
health of, 326, 363—364
Ivanov and, 412
Kerensky and, 443
Maria and, 136
Maria Feodorovna and, 134—135,137,352
Miechen and, 155, 378—379
Montenegrins and, 302,351
Nicholas II and, 131—134
Nicholas IPs abdication and, 422
Nicholas IPs correspondence with,
141,358,364,377—378
Olga and, 135—136
Pavel and, 421—422
Philippe’s influence on, 138—140
political involvement of, 131,157, 358,
376 389
in press, 451
public opinion of, 135,353,377
Rasputin and, 220,302, 351, 358
Rasputins assassination and, 384—386
Rasputins correspondence with,
302-303, 313
religion and mysticism for, 137—138
revolution and, 401—402
Tatiana and, 136
tranquilizer addiction of, 363-364
Victoria and, 132—134
Vyrubova and, 275—276,344—345
Wilhelm II and, 63,131
Alexei (Grand Duke), 164,190
Nicholas II and, 50—51
public opinion of, 145
Alexei (Tsarevich), 141,143
birth of, 130—131
health of, 325,416
I 531 1
532 I INDEX
Alexei (Tsarevich) (continuedf)
Nicholas Us abdication in favor of,
415-418
Rasputin and, 384
All-Russian Conference of Soviets of
Workers and Soldiers Deputies,
453» 461-462
All-Russian Congress of the Russian
People, 264
All-Ukrainian Military Congress, 465
Anastasia (Grand Duchess), 137
Andrei (Grand Duke), 125,345—346
house arrest of, 450
Kschessinskaya and, 294—295
Andreyev, Leonid, 81, no, 175, 206,327
Andreyeva, Maria, 31, 44,109—112,189
in Children of the Sun, 206—207
Morozov and, in—112,175—176
New Life and, 215—216
Peshkov and, in—112,174—175
revolutionary activity of, 206—207
in United States, 237-238
Anna Karenina (Tolstoy), 9
Anthony of Saint Petersburg
(Metropolitan), 8—9
Gapon and, 124
anti-German sentiment, 337^-339,347^-348
Alexandra and, 348
pogrom, 348
anti-Semitism, 84—85,310—311
laws, 85
Yushchinsky’s murder and, 327
Antonov-Ovseyenko, Vladimir, 510
Aptekarsky Island, explosion on,
255-257
Armand, Inessa, 428,447
Armenia, 342-343
Genocide, 343
Turkey and, 347
art, Russian, 21
exhibition in Paris, 280
Grand Duke Vladimir’s patronage
of, 280
arts commission, 433—434
assassinations and attempted
assassinations
of Alexander II, 9—14,134
of Archduke Franz Ferdinand,
334-335
of Bogolepov, 16
of Grand Duke Sergei, 147,178—180
of Herzenstein, 254
of Jaurès, 335-336
of Lenin, 513
of Nicholas II, 163—164
of Plehve, 127—128
of Pobedonostsev, 16—17
potential targets for, 180
of Rasputin, 335,381—385
of Sipyagin, 78
of Stolypin, 255-256,311-312
of Uritsky, 513
of von der Launitz, 257
of Witte, 263
Assembly of Russian Factory Workers
of St. Petersburg, 123—124, 222
Austria-Serbia question, 337
autocracy, 34, 204,415
Russian Orthodox Church and, 282
Azef, Yevgeny, 339
Burtsev “honor trial” and, 290—291
Gapon and, 182
Gerasimov and, 256, 288
Gershuni and, 74—75
Gotz and, 126
on government reforms, 215
Plehve’s assassination and, 127—128
Savinkov and, 126—127
Socialist Revolutionary Party and,
247—248, 292
as spy, 146-147,195, 283, 286, 291-292
Stolypin assassination attempt and,
256
Tyrkova and, 146—147
unmasking of, 291—292
Zubatov and, 75
Babushka. See Breshko-Breshkovskaya,
Yekaterina
Balfour, Arthur, 452
Ballets Russes, 366—368
The Firebird, 301, 462
in Rome, 434-435
in United States, 373-374
INDEX I 533
Balmont, Konstantin, 435
Beginning (magazine), 216
Beilis, Mendel, 327
trial of, 328
Belarus, 63, 66, 297,309,324П, 444
Homel, 89
Benois, Alexander, 21, 24
arts commission and, 433—434
on Kerensky, 494
Paleologue and, 456—457
Bessarabian (newspaper), 88
Bezobrazov, Alexander, 62—63
Nicholas II and, 64
Black Hundreds, 200
All-Russian Congress of the Russian
People, 264
Milyukov and, 515
Rasputin and, 303
Blok, Alexander, 514
death of, 515
investigative commission and,
445-446
“blood libel,” 327
Bloody Sunday, x
casualties, 170-171
conspiracy theories about, 173—174
Gapon and, 169-172
Lenin and, 170
Nicholas II and, 172
Peshkov and, 169,171
Russian Orthodox Church on, 177
Trepovs investigation into, 176—177
Vasilievsky Island battle, 170
Witte and, 173—174
Bogolepov, Nikolai, 16
Bolsheviks, 113—114,187
on arrest of imperial family, 423
collapse of, 517
coup, 500
Duma and, 265-266
espionage charges against, 474, 476,
478
First Machine-Gun Regiment and,
469-470,476
Germany and, 477—478
government of, 512—513
influence of, 499
internal transformation of, 438—439
Kerensky and, 470
Kornilov revolt and, 492, 494-495
leaders of, 499
Lenin and, 501
newspapers, ban on, 502—503
Petrograd Soviet of Workers
Deputies and, 460,496
popularity of, 468—469,495—496
Provisional Government and, 429,
500
pseudonyms of, 438—439
resolution of, 495—496
returning exiles, 438—439, 447—448
slogans of, 511
Tsereteli and, 475
Boris (Grand Duke), 450
Boris Godunov (Pushkin), 410П
Boule, Georges, 286
bourgeoisie, 39,328,455
in France, 152
Provisional Government considered,
442
in Russia, 152
Tsereteli on, 438
Boxer Rebellion. See Yihequan
Rebellion
bread shortages, 388—389
B reshko -B reshkovskaya, Yekaterina
(Babushka), 66, 68,182, 432
Gershuni and, 72
Kerensky and, 439, 482
national tour of, 439
release of, 417—418
Brilliant, Dora, 179—180, 247
Bronstein, Leon. See Trotsky, Leon
Brusilov, Alexei, 364—365,370—371
Kerensky and, 480
Brusilov Offensive, 364—365, 368, 464
Bublikov, Alexander, 403, 420
Nicholas IPs arrest and, 423
revolution and, 399—400
Trepov and, 418
Buchanan, George, 371, 423
Trotsky and, 446—447
Bulgakov, Sergei, 323
Bulygin, Alexander, 173
536 I INDEX
Duma
delegation abroad, 365—366
demand for new government by,
248—249
dissolution of, 393—394
dissolution of, call for, 248—250,
252-253
elections, 233—234, 276—277
elections, boycott of, 238
elections, post-revolution, 466
First, Vyborg Manifesto and, 277
Fourth, 323-324. 438
Goremykin and, 247
informal meeting of, 394
insurgent soldiers taking over,
394-395
Kadet Party and, 252—253, 265
Krasnoyarsk, 229
liberals and, 239—240
Mityukov and, 375—376
Nicholas Ils abdication and,
418—419
Petrograd Soviet of Workers’
Deputies and, 406—407, 409—410
Progressive Bloc creation and, 354
state officials on, 248—249
Vyborg meeting of, 252-254
Duma, City
Moscow, 348
Moscow general strike and, 212—213
Petrograd, 511
Duma, Second, 264—266, 437-438
agrarian reform in, 272-273
arrested members of, 277
dissolution of, 270—273
Nicholas II and, 269—270
Stolypin and, 266-268, 271
Struve on, 271
Duma, State
allegiance sworn to, 404
dissolution of, 355
elections to, 233—234
electoral law, 273—275
establishment of, 210—211
first meeting of, 244—247
Krasnoyarsk Duma, 229
Nicholas II and, 244, 246-247
Petrograd Soviet of Workers’
Deputies and, 406—407
representatives in, 191—192
Rodzianko and, 320—321
Stolypin on, 274
Duma, Third
debates, 285
dissolution of, 323
elections to, 276—277
Guchkov, A. in, 322—323
Stolypin and, 277
Dumbadze, Ivan, 299
Durnovo, Pyotr, 216—217, 227
Gerasimov and, 217—218
duumvirate, 440—442
Dzhugashvili, Joseph. See Stalin,
Joseph Dzhugashvili
Dzhunkovsky, Vladimir, 350—351
economic growth, x, 38—39, 330
post revolution, 497
economy
currency, 36
financial reform, 331
global financial markets, 37
Edward VII (King), 132,334
Nicholas II and, 287—288
elections
to Constituent Assembly, 475,484,
512
Duma, 233—234, 238, 276—277, 466
electoral law and, 273—275
government interference in, 323
minister of the arts, 432—434
organising, 276«
Elizabeth (Grand Duchess), 131—132,
135-136
adopted children of, 155—156
Alexandra and, 154—155
Kaliayev and, 180—181
Sergei s assassination and, 178—180
Yusupov and, 289
England, 458
China and, 55
France and, 463
Nivelle Offensive, 463
Russia and, 39
INDEX I 537
Russian revolution and, 451—452
Yihequan Rebellion and, 56-57
Entente, 370, 447
Triple, 288,342,362
espionage
Azef and, 146—147,195, 283, 286,
291—292
Bolsheviks and, 474,476, 478
Chernov and, 479—480
Malinovsky and, 333
executive and legislative branches of
government, 441—442
famine, 513
Far East
Nicholas II and expansion in, 53—55,
62—64,115—116
Russian influence in, 53—55, 62—64
Wittes tour of, 63—64
See also China; Japan; Korea
fascism, 233
“fat noughties,”33in
Figner, Vera, 437
Filosofov, Dima, 22, 24, 207—208, 236,
421
Diaghilev and, 47-48
escape of, 515
Kerensky and, 487—488
religion for, 281-282
“Tsar and Revolution,” 282
Finland
autonomy of, 482—483
constitution, 284
Helsinki Accords, 1975, 454
Herzenstein murder in, 254
Lenin in, 478, 483,494—499
Marxists in, 247
revolutionaries in, 247, 284—285
Russia and, 284—285
Savinkov in, 247
Sejm, 482
The Firebird (Stravinsky), 301,462
First Machine-Gun Regiment
uprising, 469-470, 476
First Petrograd Womens Battalion, 504
The Firstborns of Freedom
(Merezhkovsky), 440
food shortages, 388—389,513
France, 52
bourgeoisie in, 152
England and, 463
Nivelle Offensive, 463
Paris, 22,76,146—152, 223, 280,306
revolution in, 151—152
Russia and, 39
Russian revolution and, 463
Russian-Japanese War and, 189—190
socialists in, 187
in World War 1,337,463
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke, 334—335
Franz Josef I (Emperor), 378
Free Economic Society, 171, 224
freedom of speech, 216—217
Freemasonry, 285—286
Kadet Party and, 323—324
revolution and, 286
FSB, 80
Fullon, Ivan, 153
worker’s strike and, 167
Gapon, Georgy, 60—62
Assembly of Russian Factory
Workers of St. Petersburg and,
123—124, 222
Azef and, 182
Bloody Sunday and, 169—172
“comrades court” trial of, 234—235
defrocking of, 177
human rights activism by, i65n
Kropotkin, Pyotr, and, 193
Lenin and, 182,187,194
memoirs of, 188,193
Metropolitan Anthony of Saint
Petersburg and, 124
Mirsky and, 168
murder of, 235
Nicholas II and, 167
in Paris, France, 223, 225
Peshkov and, 194
Plekhanov and, 181
Pobedonostsev and, 26—28
political activity of, 164—165
popularity of, 225
in press, 234-235
538 I INDEX
Gapon, Georgy {continued)
Putilov factory strike and, 162—165
return of, 221
revolutionary conference organized
by, 186—188
Rutenberg and, 182—183, 234
Saint Petersburg assault, 193—196
in Switzerland, 176,182
as Tolstoyan, 27
trade union organization, 153—154,162,
I93~~I94
Vereshchagin and, 28—29
Witte and, 221—222, 224—225, 234
worker s strike and, 163—167
Zubatov and, 81—82
Gelfman, Gesya, 13
General Jewish Labor Bund of
Lithuania, Poland and Russia. See
Bund
Geneva, Switzerland
Gapon in, 176,182
Russian émigrés in, 75—77
George V (King), 371
on English relocation of imperial
family, 451-452
Gerasimov, Alexander, 180, 200, 201
Azef and, 256, 288
Durnovo and, 217—218
mass arrests by, 227
on Moscow December massacre, 228
on Moscow general strike, 208
Nicholas II and, 283—284
petition for uprising orchestrated by,
270—271
political cartoons, 216—217
secret police, 293
Germany, 52
anti-German sentiment, 337—338,
347“348
Bolsheviks and, 477^-478
China and, 56
revolutionaries passing through,
447 448
Russia and, 366
Russian émigrés in, 76,115
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, 511
in World War 1,337
in World War I, counteroffensive of,
477-478
Germogen, 313—314
Gershuni, Gregory
arrest of, 68, 93—94
Azef and, 74—75
Breshko-Breshkovskaya and, 72
Bund and, 72
death of, 283
escape from prison, 260—261
Gotz and, 70—71,75—76
Jewish identity of, 93
Nicholas II assassination plot and,
282—283
Obolensky attempted assassination
and, 80
Sipyagin assassination and, 78
terror operations, 80—81
trial of, 125
Yakutsk rebellion and, 70
Zubatov and, 68—70
“gilded youth,” 39—42
Gilyarovsky, Vladimir, 109
Gippius, Zinaida, 23—24, 47, 207^-208,
455.514
on Bolsheviks, 500
death of, 517
as “defeatist,” 339
escape of, 515
Kerensky and, 355, 421, 440
Peshkov and, 456
prophetic ability ofj 208
on Protopopov, 373
religion for, 281—282
revolution and, 4Г0
“Tsar and Revolution,” 282
Glinka, Yustinia, 86—87
global financial markets, 37
“golden youth,” 67, 98
Golitsyn, Nikolai, 387—388,395
Goremykin, Ivan, 79,148, 267,332,350
Alexandra and, 359
arrest of, 418, 445
Duma and, 247
as prime minister, 240—241, 245—246,
355
resignation of, 252
INDEX I 539
Gorky, Maxim. See Peshkov, Alexei
The Gospel in Brief (Tolstoy), 4—5
Gotz, Mikhail
arrest of, 92
Azef and, 126
Chernov and, 76,154
exile of, 67
Gershuni and, 70—71,75—76
on government reforms, 214—215
Savinkov and, 256-257
Socialist Revolutionary Party
financing and, 91-92
on socialist unification, 187
on Stolypin assassination attempt, 256
terror operations of, 81
trial of, 92—93
Yakutsk rebellion and, 70
Zubatov and, 68—69
government of national confidence,
4i5
government reforms, 153,158—159
of Nicholas II, 36,38, 210—215
revolutionaries on, 214—215
Witte and, 159, 203-205, 210-211
“The Great Falsehood of Our Time”
(Pobedonostsev), 14—16
Great Northern Telegraphy Company,
144
Great Terror, 516-517
Guangxu (Emperor), 56
Guchkov, Alexander, 277,309—310,415
Myasoyedov and, 321—323
Nicholas II abdication plot, 380—383
Nicholas II and, 416—417
Polivanov and, 364
Rasputin and, 314
resignation of, 314,460
in Third Duma, 322—323
Union of 17 October and, 322
as war minister, 350
Young Turks and, 363
Guchkov, Nikolai, 318
State Duma and, 320—321
Guseva, Khionia, 335—336
Helsinki Accords, 1975,454
Herzen, Alexander, 236
Herzenstein, Mikhail, 251—254
murder of, 254, 298—300
Herzl, Theodor, 72
Hitler, Adolf, 233
HMS Hampshirey 366
Holy Militia, 37
Holy Synod, 1,3
Iliodor and, 297,309-310,313-314,
332^333
on Provisional Government, 436
Homel, Belarus, 89
homosexuality, 132, 289
Hongzhang, Li, 52-54
House of the Dead (Dostoyevsky), 437
Hryniewiecki, Ignacy, 10
Hugo, Victor, 85
Ignatiev, Alexei, 118—119,121
Iliodor (Sergei Trufanov), 296—297,
360,515
defrocked, 332-333
Holy Synod and, 297,309—310,313—
314,332~333
mental illness of, 312-313
Rasputin and, 303,313,360
Stolypin and, 308-309
Tolstoy on, 303—304
illiteracy, 191—192
Imperial Russia, 118-123
luxury of, 326
Independent Jewish Workers’ Party, 74,
87
industry
Central Military-Industrial
Committee, 349,354,388
Congress of Industrialists, 41
merchant class, 39—42
military and, 349—350
intelligentsia, ix—x, 145
Alexander II’s assassination and, 10
during early twentieth century, x
meetings of, 153
minister of the arts election and,
432-434
Nicholas II and, 157
Orthodox conservatives and, 295—296
peasants and, 67—68
540 I INDEX
intelligentsia (continued)
Pobedonostsev and, 16, 22—23
Russian Orthodox Church and, 22—25
as “third element,” 152
Trepov and, 201
Witte and, 218—219
“Interim Rules,” 85
investigative commission, 445—446
Irkutsk Soviet of Workers’ Deputies,
43I~432
Istanbul (Constantinople), 372
Nicholas II and seizing of, 48—49
Russia’s claim to, 454—455
World War I and, 363
Italy
Ballets Russes in, 434—435
Nicholas II and, 92—93
Peshkov in, 298
Ito, Marquis, 63
Ivanov, Nikolai, 219—220,344,346,364
Alexandra and, 412
“military dictator,” 402—403
Ivanov, Razumnik, 18-19
Izvestia (newspaper), 407
Japan
China and, 51
Nicholas II and, 52,119
Port Arthur attack, 119—120,160
revolution financed by, 177,184,194
Russia and, 53, 63,116,118—119
See also Russian-Japanese War
Jaures, Jean, 71,183,187
assassination of, 335—336
Jewish Independent Workers’ Party, 94
Jewish state, 72, 88
Jews, 66—67
Alexander II and, 85
Alexander III and, 85
anti-Jewish laws, 85
anti-Jewish pogroms, 85, 88—91, 94
anti-Semitism, 84—85, 310—311,327
“blood libel” charge against, 327
Bund, 71—72,100
Chisinau pogrom/massacre, 88—91, 94
Dreyfus affair, 71—72
Dubrovin on, 233
Gershuni s Jewish identity, 93
Grand Duke Sergei s prejudice
against, 83
harassment of, 84
Independent Jewish Workers’ Party,
74,87
“Interim Rules,” 85
Nicholas II and, 264
Pale of Settlement, 85
Plehve’s prejudice against, 83—84,
90-91
pogrom, 83
prejudice against, 83-84
“Protocols of the Elders of Zion,”
86—88, 91
restrictions on, 264
in Russian Empire, 84—86,187—188
self-defense of, 87—89, 94
Witte and, 83—84
World Zionist Congress, 88
John Grafton (steamship), 196,198
John of Kronstadt, 142, 220, 296—297
on Chisinau massacre, 90
Tolstoy and, 230—231
in Union of Russian People, 230—231
Jutaro, Komura, 197
Kachura, Foma, 80
Kadet Party, 238, 246
agrarian reform, 272
dissolution of Duma and, 252—253
Freemasonry and, 323—324
in post-revolution period, 465—466
Second Duma and, 265
on Ukrainian self-determination, 466
Kaliayev, Ivan, 127—128,174
Grand Duchess Elizabeths meeting
with, 180—181
Grand Duke Sergei s assassination
by, 178—180
trial and hanging of, 181
Kamenev, Lev. See Rosenfeld, Lev
Das Kapital (Marx), 99—100
Kaplan, Fanny, 513
Kazan Cathedral rally, 17^20,158
Struve and, 102
Tolstoy on, 19—20
INDEX I 541
Kazan fire, 486
Kazantsev, Alexander, 263-264
Kerensky, Alexander, 323-324, 333»
3^9) 392» 394-395
Alekseyev and, 492-493
Alexandra and, 443
arts commission and, 433—434
Bolshevik uprising and, 502,505-506
Bolsheviks and, 470
Breshko-Breshkovskaya and, 439, 482
Brusilov and, 480
death of, 517
on death penalty, 484
“Declaration of soldiers’ rights” and,
463-464
Dehns arrest by, 443—444
dictatorial and imperial tendencies
of, 482
Filosofov and, 487—488
German counteroffensive and, 478
Gippius and, 355, 421, 440
insurgent soldiers and, 396
Kornilov and, 485—487, 489—491
Kornilov s coup against, 491—493
Lenin and, 498
Lvov, V., and, 487,489—490
mental instability of, 494
on military uprising, 476-477
“Milyukov note” and, 457-458
Nicholas II and, 443, 452
Petrograd Soviet of Workers’
Deputies and, 413
popularity of, 487, 494
Provisional Committee and, 406,
412-415
Provisional Government formation
and, 481—482
at Provisional Government gala
concert, 437
public opinion of, 439—440, 480
Savinkov and, 486—487,489
in self-proclaimed government, 400
Trotsky on, 468
Ukraine and, 465
Vyrubova’s arrest by, 443-444
as war minister, 461, 463—464
KGB, 62,80
Khodorkovsky, Mikhail, 45Ո, 318Ո
Khodynka Field stampede, 52-53,155
Khrustalev, Pyotr, 202
Khvostov, Alexei
Rasputin and, 359—361
resignation of, 361
Kiev, Ukraine
pogrom, 213
revolution in, 450-451
The Kievite (newspaper), 213
Kirill (Grand Duke), 122, 219
allegiance to Provisional
Government, 450
as “emperor in exile,” 515
Knipper, Olga, 31, no, 112
Kokoshkin, Fyodor, 252
Kokovtsov, Vladimir, 172, 249,318
campaign against, 331—332
on Duma, 244
Witte and, 211
Kolchak, Alexander, 371—372
Konovalov, Alexander, 319,459
Konstantin Konstantinovich (Grand
Duke), 59-60,153
Korea, 53
Russia and, 62—64
Kornilov, Lavr, 480—481
Bolsheviks and, 492, 494—495
coup against Kerensky, 491—493
Kerensky and, 485—487,489—491
Lvov, V, and, 488
military support of, 491-492
popularity of, 485
Savinkov and, 491
Korolenko, Vladimir, 60,327
“House No. 13” essay, 89-90
Krasin, Leonid, 188-189
Krasnoyarsk uprising, 229
Krestovnikov, Grigory, 318
The Kreutzer Sonata (Tolstoy), 6
Krivoshein, Alexander, 331—332,355,381
Kronstadt uprising, 219-220
strikes supporting, 220
Kropotkin, Prince Peter, 76, 81
Kropotkin, Pyotr, 8
Gapon and, 193
on Port Arthur attack, 120
542 I INDEX
Krupskaya, Nadezhda, 306
return to Russia, 447-448
Krushevan, Pavel, 88
Kryzhanovsky, Sergei, 276-277
Kschessinskaya, Matilda, 169, 294,
449-450
Diaghilev and, 315—316
Grand Duke Andrei and, 294—295
Kuropatkin, Aleksei, 57,118,137,364
dismissal of, 183
Nicholas II and, 57
Plehve and, 119
Russian-Japanese War and, 119—120,
r44,183
Kuzmin, Andrei, 229
Lagovsky, Nikolai, 16—17
land ownership, 260
Decree on Land, 512
land reform, 251—252
Chernov s, 479—480
of Provisional Government, 475
Lavrov, Pyotr, 67—68, 76
Lebedev, Vladimir, 9
Lena massacre, 320—321
investigations into, 327
Lenin, Vladimir Ulyanov, 17, 98,
100—xoi, 285, 428
anti-Lenin sentiment, 453—454
“April thesis” speech of, 453
assassination attempt at, 513
Bloody Sunday and, 170
Bolsheviks and, 501
“Can the Bolsheviks keep hold of
state power?,” 501
Chkheidze and, 449
Communist Party and, 453
Congress of Soviets and, 461—462
death of, 516
execution of imperial family and, 513
in exile, 101,338—339
in Finland, 478, 483, 498—499
Gapon and, 182,187,194
Kerensky and, 498
on Mensheviks, 268—269
on military uprising, 472
Milyukov and, 453—454
JVezv Life and, 216
October uprising and, 501-502,
504-505, 5°8
in Paris, 306
Pereverzev and, 474
Plekhanov and, 112,117—118
Potresov and, 101
return of, 428—430, 447-449
revolution and, 428—429
Social-Democraty 306
Spark and, 76—77
Struve and, 99
trial of, 269
Tsederbaum and, 101,113
Tsereteli and, 268—269, 442 453
Zinoviev and, 306, 428, 430
Leontiev, Konstantin, 5
“Letter of the 66,” 319—320
Liaodong Peninsula, 51—52, 63—64
Liberal Party, 208
liberals, 98η
Duma and, 239—240
in post-revolution period, 465—466
socialists and, 409—410
Liberation (magazine)
distribution of, 103—104
relocation of, 146
Lithuania, Bund, 71—72, 74,100
Livadia Palace, Yalta, 28
Lopukhin, Alexei, 262, 287, 289
Loris-Melikov, Mikhail, 10,13
“Constitution of Loris-Melikov,” ion
The Lower Depths (Gorky), 31—32, 60,
108
premiere of, 109—hi
Lunacharsky, Anatoly, 298, 491
Lvov, Prince Georgy, 349, 379, 425,
458-459 474
on local self-government bodies,
442
Provisional Committee and, 405
resignation of 477
as Tolstoyan, 122
in Zemstvo Congress, 218
Lvov, Vladimir
arrest of, 490
death of, 516
INDEX I 543
Kerensky and, 487, 489—490
Kornilov and, 488
Lyubatovich, Tatyana, 42
Makharadze, Gerasim, 431—432
Maklakov, Nikolai, 331
Malinovsky, Roman, 324
as spy, 333
Mamontov, Savva, 20—21
arrest of, 45—46
Morozov and, 44
Society of the Moscow-Yaroslavl
Railway, 44-46
Stanislavsky and, 46
Stanislavsky on, 42
theatre, 42—43
Witte and, 44—45
Manchuria, annexation of, 57—58
“Manifesto on Unshakable Autocracy”
(Pobedonostsev), 13
Manukhin, Ivan, 446, 484
Maria (Grand Duchess), 136,155-156,402
Maria Feodorovna (Dowager
Empress), 117
Alexandra and, 134—135,137,352
escape of, 514
Nicholas II and, 135,147,352
Nicholas IPs abdication and, 422—423
post-revolution life of, 450—451
Maria Pavlovna (Miechen, Grand
Duchess), 219, 294
Alexandra and, 155,378—379
house arrest of, 450
Mariinsky Palace, 397
Mariinsky Theatre, 215
Provisional Government gala
concert, 437
Markov, Nikolai, 233
Martov. See Tsederbaum, Yuly
Martov, Julius
in Finland, 247
Mensheviks and, 429—430,509
return of, 316
Marx, Karl, 99—100
Marxism
Socialist Revolutionary Party and, 112
Struve and, 98—99
Marxists, 99
congress, 113
Duma election and, 239
in Finland, 247
Narodniks and, 100
Spark and, 113
Matyushenko, Afanasy, 193
maximalists, 256
Medvedev, Dmitry, i49n, 204n,
245n
Mendeleev, Dmitry
in Congress of Industrialists, 41
Witte-Mendeleev alcohol reform,
38
Mensheviks, 113—114,333
Lenin on, 268—269
Martov and, 429—430, 509
Second Duma and, 265—266
Menshikov, Mikhail, 86—87
merchant class, 39—42
Old Believer, 39—40, 66,191,318
Merezhkovsky, Dmitry, 22—24,
207—208, 236,456
Christ and Antichrist trilogy, 24
death of, 517
Diaghilev and, 24,47
escape of, 514—515
The Firstborns of Freedom^ 440
religion for, 281—282
“Tsar and Revolution,” 282
Meshchersky, Prince, 16, 64, 95—96
middle class, 39
See also bourgeoisie
Miechen. See Maria Pavlovna
Mikhail (Grand Duke), 324—325
act of renunciation, 420
execution of, 513
Milyukov and, 420
Nicholas IIs abdication in favor of,
414, 418—420
post-revolution life of, 450
Provisional Committee and,
419—420
Volynsky Regiment insurrection
and, 398
Mikhail I (Emperor), 325
Mikhailovich, Alexander, 29
544 I INDEX
military, Russian
Abyssinian Guards, 40411
All-Russian Conference of Soviets
of Workers’and Soldiers’Deputies,
453 461-4^2
anarchist threats to, 408
Baltic Fleet, 145,190
Central Military-Industrial
Committee, 349, 354,388
death penalty and, 259
“Declaration of soldiers’ rights,” 457,
463-464
deserters, 455, 478,480
factory-produced munitions, 349—350
financing of, 349
First Machine-Gun Regiment,
469-470
First Petrograd Women’s Battalion,
5°4
insurgent soldiers, 394—399
Kornilov’s support from, 491-492
leaders, 345-346
Nicholas II’s abdication and, 423—424
October strike within, 229
Pacific Fleet, 144
Preobrazhensky Regiment, 406
Provisional Committee and, 406—407
in Russian-Japanese War, 121—122,144
spies in, 346-347
“Tarnopol disgrace,” 478
of Union of Russian People, 254
uprisings, 219—220, 469—479
Volynsky Regiment insurrection,
392-393
warship mutinies, 221
in World War I, 343-346,362
Military Revolutionary Committee,
492 495, 505
Military Wing of Russian Nationalists,
25411
Milyukov, Pavel, 104—105,120, 208—209,
393
Black Hundreds and, 515
Dubrovin and, 232
Duma and, 375—376
Duma and, dissolution of, 252—253
Duma and, Second, 265
Duma and, Third, 277
Grand Duke Mikhail and, 420
Lenin and, 453—454
“Milyukov note,” 457—458
Morozova, Z., and, 232
Moscow general strike and, 212
Paleologue and, 453, 455
Plehve and, 105—106
Protopopov and, 375
Provisional Committee and, 405, 414
resignation of, 460—461
on revolution, 380
Sketches in the History of Russian
Culturey 105
Speech founded by, 238
Stolypin and, 250
on World War I, 455
Zhukovsky and, 105
Mirsky, Prince, 147—149
Gapon and, 168
Grand Duke Sergei and, 148,152
Nicholas II and, 156—158
retirement of, 173
Shipov and, 150—152
Suvorin and, 152
Witte and, 150
worker s strike and, 167—168
zemstvo congress and, 149—152
monarchy
democracy and, 14—15
in Russian history, xi
succession, 136, 417
Tolstoy on, 7
monetary reform, 36
Montenegro, Milica, 209, 220, 293
Alexandra and, 302,351
Rasputin and, 302
Montenegro, Stana, 209, 220
Alexandra and, 302,351
Rasputin and, 302
Morozov, Savva, 40—43,184—185
Andreyeva and, in—112,175—176
Krasin and, 188—189
Mamontov and, 44
mental instability of, 185,189
Moscow Art Public Theatre and,
43—44,108, no—in
ÍNDEX I 545
murder of, 188—189
Peshkov and, 143
worker’s strike and, 168
Morozova, Maria Feodorovna, 185
Morozova, Zinaida, 40-41,189
Milyukov and, 232
Moscow Art Public Theatre, 107—108
Children of the Suny 206—207
Morozov and, 43—44,108, no—hi
Moscow City Duma, 212—213,348
“Moscow clique,” 351
Moscow December massacre, 225—228
death toll, 228
Moscow general strike, 203—208
end to, 211—212
Moscow University rally, 202—203
Mosolov, A., 172—173
Trepov s death and, 258
Mother (Gorky), 238
Motojiro, Akashi, 184
Muravyov, Nikolai, 166
Witte and, 57
Muromtsev, Sergei, 246, 250—251
Myasin, Leonid, 330, 462
Myasoyedov, Sergei
arrest and execution of, 347
Guchkov, A., and, 321-323
mysticism, 209
for Alexandra, 137-138
public interest in, 142
Nabokov, Vladimir, Sr., 151,153, 247, 267
act of renunciation, 420
congress of artists and, 434
death of, 515
Provisional Government and, 423,
507
Russian constitution drafted by, 498
Nakhichevansky, Huseyn Khan, 424
Narodnaya Volya. See People s Will
Narodniks (populists), 67—68
Marxists and, 100
Socialist Revolutionary Party and, 80
Naryshkina, Elizaveta, 451—452
Natanson, Mark, 286—287
national anthem, new, 435
Nekrasov, Nikolai, 323—324,516
Nelidov, Alexander, 48-49
Nemirovich-Danchenko, Vladimir,
43-44,107
New Life (magazine), 215-216
New Time (newspaper), 20,145-146,
177,
Nicholas I (Emperor)
Crimean War and, 160
Jewish prejudice of, 84—85
Polish Uprising and, 340
Nicholas II (Emperor)
abdication of, 414, 415—418
abdication of, in favor of Alexei,
415-418
abdication of, in favor of Mikhail,
420
abdication plot, 380—383, 411—412
alcohol reform and, 38
Alekseyev and, 398,407—408
Alekseyev and abdication of, 413—414,
422—423
Alexander III and, 50
Alexandra and, 131—134
Alexandra on abdication of, 422
Alexandra’s correspondence with, 141,
358,364,377-378
Alexei, Grand Duke, and, 50-51
arrest of, 423
assassination attempt at, 163—164
assassination plots, 180, 282,
288—290
Bezobrazov and, 64
Bloody Sunday and, 172
Chinese campaign of, 57—58
as commander of army, 352
coronation of, 52—53
coup d’etat plan against, 379—380
Diaghilev’s patronage by, 21—22,
294-295
divine responsibility, belief in, 249,
4i5
Dubrovin and, 231
Duma and, 239
Duma and, dissolution of, 393—394
Duma and, Second, 269—270
Duma and, State, 244, 246—247
Edward VII and, 287—288
546 I INDEX
Nicholas II (Emperor) (continued)
Far East expansion and, 53—55, 62—64,
115—116
on Freemasonry, 286
Gapon and, 167
Gerasimov and, 283—284
government of national confidence
appointed by, 415
government reforms of, 36, 38,
2x0—215
Guchkov, A., and, 416—417
intellectuals and, 157
isolation from relatives, 387
Istanbul and, seizing of, 48—49
Italy and, 92—93
Japan and, 52,119
Jews and, 264
Kerensky and, 443, 452, 483
on Kronstadt uprising, 219—220
Kuropatkin and, 57
manifesto, 210—215
Maria Feodorovna and, 135,147, 352
Mikhail and, 324—325
Mirsky and, 156—158
“mission statement” of, 6—7
monetary reform and, 36
Nikolai Nikolaevich and, 209—210,
302,352, 377-378
Peshkov and, 59
Philippe’s influence on, 138—140
Plehve and, 128
Pobedonostsev and, 2, 4, 6,140
on Polish constitution, 369—370
political insecurity of, 49—55
Protopopov and, 372, 387
Provisional Committee and, 403
public opinion of, 326, 411
Rasputin and, 293, 314
Rasputin’s influence on, 220
Rodzianko and, 314
Russian-Japanese peace talks and,
196—197
Russian-Japanese War and, 122,160,
189—190
safety of, 172
Sergei and, 50,156
Shipov and, 250—251
Shulgin and, 4r6—4J7
Stolypin and, 257,309
Struve and, 99
successor, 136
Tolstoy and, 6—7, 20, 33—34
on Tolstoy’s excommunication, 3
tranquilizer addiction of, 363—364
Trepov and, 173, 200—201, 248—249,
257-258
Union of Russian People and, 231
Vladimir and, 50
Vladimir’s feud with, 219
Volynsky Regiment insurrection and,
398
Wilhelm II and, 53, 63,115—116, 205,
336
Witte and, 51, 64,116—117, 203—204,
220
worker s strike and, 167—168
World of Art patronage by, 21—22
zemstvo congress and, 152
Nijinsky, Vaslav, 301, 315—316,435
Diaghilev and, 329—330,367^-368
in United States, 373—374
Nicholas Mikhailovich (Grand Duke),
30,150,152,344,377,383,385,387,470
execution of, 5x3—514
Nikolai Nikolaevich (Grand Duke),
223,516
as commander of army, 343, 352
coup planned against Nicholas II
and, 379-Յ 80
Nicholas II and, 209—2x0, 302, 352,
377-378
popularity of, 348
post-revolution life of, 451
Rasputin and, 351
Nikolsky, Boris, 200
Nivelle Offensive, Franco-British, 463
“non-systemic opposition,” 68, 74Ո
non-violent resistance, 165Ո, 425
Nosar, Georgy, 202, 221
arrest of, 223—224
noughties
“fat noughties,” 33m
generation, ix
Novgorod, Nizhny, 41
INDEX I 547
October Revolution, 501—510
Lenin and, 501—502,504—505,508
post-֊, 511
Trotsky and, 501—502,504—505,508
October strike, 228—229
Odessa, Ukraine
Jewish self-defense units in, 87—88
worker’s strike, 95—96,192
Okhrana, 62,75
See also secret police
Old Believer merchants, 39—40, 66,191,
318
Olga (Grand Duchess), 135—136,443
Olginsky asylum, 60
oligarchs, 4m, 93
opium epidemic, 55
Orlov, Vladi, 210
Ottoman Empire, 48
Pale of Settlement, 85, 233
Paléologue, Maurice, 392, 404—405,421,
437
Benois and, 456-457
Milyukov and, 453, 455
Panina, Countess, 29
Paris, France
congress of, 146-152
Gapon in, 223, 225
Lenin in, 306
Russian Art exhibition in, 280
Russian émigrés in, 76
parliamentarianism, 15
All-Russian Conference of Soviets
of Workers’ and Soldiers’ Deputies
and, 453
Congress of Soviets, 461—462
Finnish Sejm, 482
Ukrainian Central Rada, 464—465
“partition wall” theory, 157
patriotism, 339—340
Pavel (Grand Duke), 155,353, 402
Alexandra and, 421—422
counter-revolutionary coup and, 500
Le Pavilion dArmide (ballet), 300
Pavlova, Anna, 294
Diaghilev and, 374
Yusupov and, 316
“peace without annexations and
indemnities,” 339
peasants, 67—68,410
People’s Freedom Party, 232
People’s Will (Narodnaya Volya), 10, 68,
437
Pereverzev, Pavel, 472—474
Lenin and, 474
Perovskaya, Sofia, 10
Peshkov, Alexei (Maxim Gorky), 17—19,
54
academician election of, 58—60
amnesty for, 333
Andreyeva and, in—112,174—175
anti-German sentiment of, 399
arrest of, 175-176
arts commission and, 433—434
Bloody Sunday and, 169,171
Chaliapin and, 308
Chekhov and, 58, 60,143
Children of the Sun, 206—207
Diaghilev and, 215—216
fame, no
Gapon and, 194
Gippius and, 456
in Italy, 298
The Lower Depths, 31—32, 60,108—hi
Morozov and, 143
on Moscow December massacre,
227
The Mother, 238
Nicholas II and, 59
The Philistines, 108—109
Russophobic appeal, 236—237
Tolstoy and, 30-33,58-59
in United States, 237—238
worker’s strike and, 168
on World War 1,456
Peshkova, Ekaterina, 176
Peter and Paul Fortress, 476
conditions in, 445—446
Peter the Great, 204П
Petersburg Soviet of Workers’
Deputies, 217, 221, 223-224,395
arrest of, 224
“financial manifesto,” 224
Petrashevsky circle, 204П
548 I INDEX
Petrograd Soviet of Workers Deputies,
437-438
Bolsheviks and, 460,496
Duma and, 409—410
Duma and, State, 406—407
executive committee of, 495—496
foreign policy doctrine of, 454
Kerensky and, 413
Provisional Committee and, 407,
409—410
Provisional Government and,
441-442, 458“459
Sokolov and, 407
state power of, 441
Petrograd/St. Petersburg, 215
City Duma, 511
renaming of, 338
revolution in, 392—400
Saint Petersburg assault, 193—196
Volynsky Regiment insurrection,
392-398
Petropavlovsk battleship bombing, 122
Petrov-Vodkin, Kuzma, 433—434
Petrunkevich, Ivan, 114, 246
Philippe, Nizier, 130
death of, 141
Nicholas II and Alexandra and
influence of, 138—140
The Philistines (Gorky), 108—109
Picasso, Pablo, 462—463
Pikhno, Dmitry, 327
Platten, Fritz, 448
Plehve, Vyacheslav von
assassination of, 127—128
as Interior Ministry head, 78—80
Jewish prejudice of, 83—84, 90—91
Kuropatkin and, 119
Milyukov and, 105—106
Nicholas II and, 128
on Russian-Japanese War, 119—120
Russification and, 82—83
Shipov and, 107,123
Witte and, 79, 83, 94—95,119-120
zemstvos and, 122—123
Zubatov and, 79, 81, 94, 96
Plekhanov, Georgy, 17, 76-77,102, 429
Gapon and, 181
Lenin and, rr2,117—118
Tsederbaum and, 117—118
Pobedonostsev, Konstantin Petrovich,
137
Alexander III and, 10
Alexander Us assassination and,
10—14
assassination attempt at, 16—17
on democracy, 14—15
Gapon and, 26—28
“Manifesto on Unshakable
Autocracy,” 13
Nicholas II and, 2,4, 6,140
Russian elites and, r6, 22—23
“The Great Falsehood of Our
Time,” 14—16
Tolstoy and, 3, 6—7, 9—14
Witte and, 49
pogrom, 83
anti-German, 348
anti-Jewish, 85, 88—89, 94
Chisinau, 88—91, 94
Kiev, 213
Union of Russian People-attributed,
232-233
Poland, 340—341
Bund, 71—72, 74,100
constitution of, 369—370
political opposition, contemporary, i3n,
74x1
Polivanov, Alexei, 350,354,457
Guchkov, A, and, 364
populists. See Narodniks
Port Arthur attack, 119—120,160
Potresov, Alexander, 76, 98
Lenin and, 101
The Power of Darkness (Tolstoy), 6
Pravda (newspaper), 472
Preobrazhensky Regiment, 406
press
Alexandra in, 451
Bolshevik, ban on, 502—503
cartoons, political, 216—217, 220, 273,321
Gapon in, 234—235
Russian-Japanese War in, 120,
145-146
See also specific newspapers
IHDEX i 549
Prince Potemkin-Tavrichesky battleship
uprising, 192-193
Princip, Gavrilo, 335—336
Progressive Bloc, 354
Progressive Party, 320
propaganda, TV, 15a
protest activity, foreign-sponsorship of,
i77n
“Protocols of the Elders of Zion,”
86—88, 91
Protopopov, Alexander, 372—373,385,
395
arrest of, 445
Gippius on, 373
Milyukov and, 375
Nicholas II and, 387
Provisional Committee, 395,399,
400—401
disorganization of, 405
Grand Duke Mikhail and, 419-420
Kerensky and, 406, 412—415
military and, 406-407
Milyukov and, 414
Nicholas II and, 403
Petrograd Soviet of Workers’
Deputies and, 407,409—410
posts in, 405—406
public opinion of, 442—443
resistance against, 424
Provisional Government
anti-communist government, 514
authority of, 460
Bolshevik uprising against, 503-508
Bolsheviks and, 429,500
as bourgeoisie, 442
cabinet appointees, 481—482
First Machine-Gun Regiment
uprising against, 469—470
gala concert, 437
land reform of, 475
last sitting of, 506-508
law enforcement established by,
442-443
military uprising against, 469-479
Petrograd Soviet of Workers’
Deputies and, 441—442, 458—459
reforms, 425,475
Russian Orthodox Church and,
436-437
secular rituals of, 436—437
Soviet Committee and, 440-441
Stalin on, 472
surrender of, 509—510
Ukraine and, 464—466
World War I and, 454—456
pseudo-public organizations, i77n
Purishkevich, Vladimir, 274—275,
382-384
Pushkin, Alexander, 118
Boris Godunov, 4ion
Pussy Riot, I3n
Putilov factory strike, 162—165
Putin, Vladimir, 1770, 2230,3i8n
Stolypin and, 292
putsch, 1991, 493n
Qingdao port, China, 53-54
Rachkovsky, Pyotr, 201
Dubrovin and, 214
Rachmaninoff, Sergei, 43,178
railways, 277
imperial train, 403
Society of the Moscow-Yaroslavl
Railway, 44—46
Trans-Siberian Railway, 38, 51,52
Rasputin, Grigory, 142, 209
Alexandra and, 220,351,358
Alexandra’s correspondence with,
302-303,313
assassination attempt at, 335
assassination of, 275, 381—387
Black Hundreds and, 303
exile of, 303
Germogen and, 314
Grand Duke Dmitry and, 381-384
Guchkov, A., and, 314
Iliodor and, 297, 303, 313,360
Khvostov and, 359—361
Montenegrins and, 302
Nicholas II and, 220, 293,314
Nikolaevich and, 351
Protopopov and, 372-373
religious tolerance of, 362
550 I INDEX
Rasputin, Grigory (continued)
rumors about, 302-303,358, 361—362
secret police investigation into,
293-294
Stürmer and, 359
Tovarpar scandal, 353
Vyrubova and, 293,345
Witte and, 331—332
“Yar orgy,” 350-353
Yusupov and, 302—202, 281—284
Red Guards,” 496
“Red Terror,” 513
reforms
agrarian, 259—260, 272
alcohol, 38
financial, 331
government, 36, 38,153,158-159»
203—205, 210—215
land, 251-252, 475, 479-480
monetary, 36
working day, 73
zemstvo, 309—310
religion
for Alexandra, 137—138
for Filosofov, 281—282
for Gippius, 281—282
for Merezhkovsky, 281—282
revolution and, 281—283
religious tolerance, 148, 297П
law, 191
of Rasputin, 362
Religious-Philosophical Assembly, 25
Resurrection (Tolstoy), 8,14
revolution, French, 151—152
revolution, Russian
anthem of, 435
Bublikov and, 399—400
cause of, ix
counter-revolutionary coup, 500
Diaghilev and, 434—435
economy post, 497
England and, 451-452
France and, 463
Freemasonry and, 286
government system post-, 440—442
Japanese financing of, 184,194
Lenin and, 428—429
as manmade catastrophe, 517^-518
minister of the arts election and,
432-434
October Revolution, 501—510
in Petrograd, 392—400
plots, 380—383
red ribbon as symbol of, 404, 421
religion and, 281—283
Romanov family post, 450—452
Russian émigrés and, 428
spread of, 399
sunflower as symbol of, 421
victims of, mass funeral for, 435—436
Volynsky Regiment insurrection and,
392-398
World War I post, 454—464
See also October Revolution
revolutionaries, 117
arms smuggling, 195—196,198
conference of, 186—188
in Finland, 247, 284—285
German passage for, 447—448
on government reform, 214—215
in hiding, 247
international community and, i3n
mass arrests of, 227
Moscow December massacre and,
227—228
return of exiled, 428—430, 447^-448
Revolutionary Russia (newspaper),
74-77, 81
running of, 126
The Rite of Spring (Stravinsky),
328-329
Rodzianko, Mikhail, 376,393—394
Duma and, State, 320—321
as head of self-proclaimed
government, 400
Nicholas II and, 314
on Rasputin, 314
Ruzsky and, 411—412
socialists and, 409—410
Romanovs
electoral rights denied to, 484
escaped, 514,515
in Europe, 326—327
execution of, 513
INDEX і ББ1
post-revolution life of, 450—452
relocation plans for, 451—452
three hundredth anniversary marking
House of, 325-326,333
wealth of, 326—327
Romanovs (imperial family)
Bolsheviks and arrest of, 423
execution of, 513
moved to Tobolsk, 483—484
plots for relocating, 451—452
Tsarskoye Selo imprisonment of,
45I“~452
Roosevelt, Theodore, 194—195
Rosenfeld, Lev (Lev Kamenev),
438~439 44B, 469
Bolsheviks and, 499
execution of, 516
Rothschild, Alphonse, 36
Rozanov, Vasily, 22, 24—25
death of, 514
Rozhestvensky, Zinovy, 145
RSDLP. See Russian Social
Democratic Labour Party
Rubinstein, Ida, 295,301, 315
Russia, ix-x
as besieged fortress, 19m
bourgeoisie in, 152
Bund, 71-72,74,100
China and, 52—58
contemporary, x, 740, 8yn, 1450,1770,
19m, 365n
economic development, 330—331
England and, 39
Finland and, 284—285
France and, 39
Germany and, 366
Imperial, 118-123,326
Istanbul and, 48-49,372,454—455
Japan and, 53, 63,116,118—119
Japans financing of political unrest
in, 177
Korea and, 62—64
Manchuria, annexation of, 57-58
political corruption in contemporary,
i45n, i77n, 365n
Syria and contemporary, i45n
Turkey and, 362-363
“Yellow Russia,” 63,116
Yihequan Rebellion and, 56-57
Russian émigrés
in Germany, 76,115
relations between, 515
return of, 428—430
revolution and, 428
in Siberia, 430-431
suicides among, 306—307
in Switzerland, 75—77,428—429
Russian Orthodox Church
autocracy and, 282
on Blood Sunday, 177
censorship by, 23
intellectuals and, 296—297
Local Council of, 486
Provisional Government and,
436-437
Religious-Philosophical Assembly
and, 25
Russian elites and, 22—25
secret police and, 82
state and, 2, 9П
Tolstoy’s excommunication from,
2-3, 8-9
See also Holy Synod
Russian Social Democratic Labour
Party (RSDLP), 100
Russian state, xi
Russian Orthodox Church and
separation from, 2, 9П
Tolstoy and, 4
Russian-Japanese War, 51
Baltic Fleet dispatched in, 145,190
French loan for, 189-190
Mukden defeat, 183
Nicholas II and, 122,160,189—190
peace talks, 194—197
Petropavlovsk battleship bombing
and, 122
Plehve on, 119—120
Port Arthur attack, 119—120,160
Port Arthur attack and, 119
in press, 120,145—146
public opinion of, 122,144,197
Russian military and, 121—122,144
Tsushima Strait battle, 190—191
552 I INDEX
Russian-Japanese War ( continued)
Witte on, 191
zemstvo fundraising organization,
122
Russian-Turkish war, 48—49
Russification, 82—83
Rutenberg, Pinhas, 164—165,171,174, 221
arrest of, 196
Gapon and, 182—183, 234
Savinkov and, 234
Ruzsky, Nikolai, 408
Rodzianko and, 411—412
Ryabushinsky, Pavel, 318—320,349, 497
“Cabinet of Defense,” 353—354
popularity of, 320
Sakhalin Island, 197
Sandro (Grand Duke), 139,144, 423,
451
Saratov Province, 245
Savinkov, Boris, 215, 226, 247—248,
281—282
arrest of, 248, 256
Azef and, 126—127
Chernov and, 455—456
death of, 516
in Finland, 247
Gotz and, 256—257
Kerensky and, 486—487, 489
Kornilov and, 491
Plehve assassination and, 126—128
Provisional Government and,
481—482
Rutenberg and, 234
in Swtizerland, 126—127
Sazonov, Sergei, 341,369—370
Sazonov, Yegor, 127—128
Schmidt, Pyotr, 221
The Seagull (Chekhov), 30—31
secret police, 200,516
assassinations and, 180
Gerasimov and, 293
Okhrana, 62, 75
Rasputin investigation, 293—294
Russian Orthodox Church and, 82
Trepov and, 201
self-defense, Jewish, 87^-89
self-determination
regional, 466
Ukrainian, 451
self-government bodies, local, 442
Seneschal, Bertrand, 286
Seraphim of Sarov, 140—141
Serbia, 458
Austria-Serbia question, 337
Serdyukov, Anatoly, 365n
serfdom, 204n
abolition of, 311
Sergei (Grand Duke), 132,154—155,173
adopted children of, 155—156
alcohol reform and, 38
assassination of, 147,178—180
Jewish prejudice of, 83
Mirsky and, 148,152
Nicholas II and, 50,156
reputation of, 155
Tolstoy and, 12—13
Serov, Valentin, 21—22, 46,170
Diaghilev and, 316
Sevastopol, Crimea, 160
Shakhovskoy, Dmitry, 123
Shayevich, Genrik, 88, 94, 96
Shcheglovitov, Ivan, 396
Shervashidze, Prince, 168—169
Shipov, Dmitry, 106
as leader of zemstvos, 123
Mirsky and, 150—152
Nicholas II and, 250—251
Plehve and, 107,123
Shornikova, Ekaterina, 270—271
Shulgin, Vasily, 327, 415
on Moscow general strike, 212—213
Nicholas II and, 416—417
Siberia
imperial family in, 483—484
Russian émigrés in, 430—431
Tobolsk, 483—484
Trans-Siberian Railway, 38, 51, 52
Sipyagin, Dmitry, 17, 59
assassination of, 78
Witte and, 78
Sketches in the History of Russian
Culture (Milyukov), 105
Smolny Institute, 503,504
INDEX I Б53
Social Democrats, 187,188,438
Duma election boycott by, 238—239
‘‘great schism” in, 438
search of offices of, 271
Social-Democrat (newspaper), 306
Socialist International, 187
Socialist Revolutionary (SR) Party,
77-78
Azef and, 247—248, 292
financing of, 91-92
influence of, 479
Marxism and, 112
Narodniks and, 80
socialist party unification and, 187
socialists
French, 187
liberals and, 409—410
Rodzianko and, 409—410
unification of, 187
Society of the Moscow-Yaroslavl
Railway, 44-46
Sokolov, Mikhail, 215,328, 407
maximalists and, 256
Soviet Committee, 395
Provisional Government and,
440-441
Spark (newspaper), 98,101—102,112
Lenin and, 76—77
Marxists and, 113
Speech (newspaper), 238
Spiridovich, Alexander, 80
SR Party. See Socialist Revolutionary
Party
St. Petersburg. See Petrograd/St.
Petersburg
St. Petersburg assault, 193—196
stabilization fund, 38
Stalin, Joseph Dzhugashvili, 333
Great Terror, 516-517
on Provisional Government, 472
pseudonym, 438-439
Tsereteli and, 471,475
Stanislavsky, Konstantin, 42—43,107
anti-German sentiment of, 399
Mamontov and, 46
Moscow Art Public Theatre and,
43-44,108
“star chamber,” 441—442
Stasov, Vladimir, 21
Stolypin, Pyotr, 245
agrarian reform, 259—260
assassination attempt at, 255—256
assassination of, 311—312
ceremonial trial of, 450—451
death penalty and, 258-259
Dubrovin and, 255, 274—275
Duma and, dissolution of, 249—250
Duma and, Second, 266—268, 271
Duma and, State, 274
Duma elections and, Third, 277
Iliodor and, 308—309
Milyukov and, 250
Nicholas II and, 257,309
as prime minister, 252
Putin and, 292
resignation of, 309
Tolstoy and, 304
Tsereteli and, 267—268
Witte and, 312
zemstvo system reform and, 309—310
Stragorodsky, Sergius, 25
Strakhov, Fyodor, 12
Stravinsky, Igor, 434^435
The Firebird, 301, 462
The Kite of Springy 328—329
Struve, Peter, 17,19
Beginning and, 216
Critical Observations on the Problem of
Kussias Economic Developmenty 99
Duma and, dissolution of, 253
Duma and, Second, 271
exile of, 102
influence of, 271—273
Kazan Cathedral rally and, 102
Lenin and, 99
Liberation and, 103—104
Liberation relocation and, 146
Marxism and, 98—99
Nicholas II and, 99
on Ukrainian nationality, 342
“Union of Liberation” and, 114—115
Witte and, 216
Zenzinov and, 228
Zhukovsky and, 103-104,114
554 I INDEX
student protests, 3, 73,158
Moscow University rally, 202—203
Stürmer, Boris, 147—148, 232
arrest of, 418, 445
death of, 484
dismissal of, 378
Rasputin and, 359
succession, 136, 417
suffrage, 102—103
Constituent Assembly and, 484
in Finland, 284
womens, 209, 425
Sukhanov, Nikolai, 453
Sukhomlinov, Vladimir, 322, 346—347
arrest of, 418, 445
corruption scandal, 365Ո, 445—446
criminal case brought against, 365
dismissal of, 350, 379
investigation of, 365
Suslova, Apollinaria, 24
Suvorin, Alexei, 20,32—33,130,144
on alcohol reform, 38
Diaghilev and, 316
on Dreyfus, 72
Mirsky and, 152
Ne*w Time and, 145—146,177,192
on Russian-Japanese War, 146
on Witte, 39
Switzerland
Gapon in, 176,182
Geneva, 75—77,176,182
Grand Duke Sergei assassination
and, 147,174,178—180
Russian émigrés in, 75—77, 428—429
Savinkov in, 126—127
Syria, 145Ո
systemic opposition,” 74Ո
tariffs, 41
“Tarnopol disgrace,” 478
Tatiana (Grand Duchess), 136,443
Tauride Palace, 394~395 472“473
exhibition, 185—186
insurgency and, 397
Tchaikovsky, Nikolai, 194—195
Tereshchenko, Mikhail, 380, 406
Ukraine and, 465
terrorism, 80—81, 241
political, 68
war on terror,” 258
theatre, 42—43,107
Mariinsky Theatre, 215, 437
See also Moscow Art Public Theatre
third element,” 152
Third Estate, 152
Titanic, 318,321
To the Tsar and his aides” (Tolstoy),
19—20
Tobolsk, Siberia, imperial family
moved to, 483—484
Tolstoy, Leo
Address to the People of China,” 58
Alexander III and, 2,5—6, n—12
Alexander II’s assassination and,
lí—14
Anna Karenina, 9
as Antichrist, 6
censoring work of, 6
Chekhov and, 30—32, 59—60
Chertkov and, 5,304—305
on Chisinau massacre, 89—90
Christianity for, 4—5, 7—8
Confessiony 5
copyrights to works, 5,304—305
in Crimea, 29—30
death of, 32—34,305
on death penalty, 11—13, 259
Doukhobors and, 7—8
on Dreyfus, 72
excommunication of, 2—3, 8—9
The Gospel in Brief 4—5
human rights activism, 7-8
on Iliodor, 303—304
John of Kronstadt and, 230—231
on Kazan Cathedral rally, 19—20
The Kreutzer Sonata9 6
on monarchy, 7
Nicholas II and, 6—7, 20,33—34
Peshkov and, 30—33,58—59
Pobedonostsev and, 3, 6—7, 9—14
“political will,” 33—34
politics ofy 230
popularity of, 6
The Pozuer of DarknesSy 6
II
INDEX I 555
religious writings, 4—5
Resurrection, 8,14
Russian Orthodox Churchs charges
against, 9
Russian state and, 4
social activity, 6
Stolypin and, 304
“To the Tsar and his aides,” 19—20
War and Peace, 12, 285
will, 304-305
Tolstoyans
Gapon as, 27
Lvov, R G., as, 122
Provisional Government as, 442
Tovarpar scandal, 353
trade unions, 81
Gapons organization of, 153-154,162,
193-194
Trans-Siberian Railway, 38,51
China and, 52
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, 511
Treaty of Shimonoseki, 51
Trepov, Dmitry, 163,191, 210, 240
arrest of, 418
Bloody Sunday investigation by,
176-177
Bublikov and, 418
death of, 258
influence of, 200-201
on Moscow general strike, 208
Nicholas II and, 173, 200—201,
248-249, 257-258
as potential assassination target, 180
Russian intellectuals and, 201
secret police and, 201
Tretyakov, Sergey, 319
Trotsky, Leon (Bronstein, Leon), 202,
212,429
arrest of, 479
Bolsheviks and, 499
escape from prison, 261
in exile, 338-339
First Machine-Gun Regiment and,
469
imprisonment of, 261
on Kerensky, 468
military uprising and, 473
murder of, 516
October uprising and, 501—502,
5°4-5°5 508
Petersburg Soviet of Workers’
Deputies and, 224
release of, 495
return to Russia of, 446—447
trial of, 261
Tsereteli and, 468—469
Vyrubova and, 501
Witte and, 223
Troyebratstvo, 281
Trubetskoy, Sergei, 201, 203
Trufanov, Sergei. See Iliodor
“Tsar and Revolution” (Filosofov,
Gippius, Merezhkovsky), 282
Tsarskoye Selo, 164
imperial family imprisoned at,
451-452
insurgent soldiers in, 404
Tsederbaum, Yuly (Martov), 76—77,
Beginning and, 216
Lenin and, 101,113
Plekhanov and, 117-118
Tsereteli, Irakli, 460,515
Bolsheviks and, 475
on bourgeoisiey 438
Congress of Soviets and, 461—462
influence of, 441-442
Lenin and, 268-269, 442 453
Makharadze and, 431-432
military uprising and, 471, 475
resignation of, 495—496
return of, 437—439
Russian constitution drafted by,
498
Stalin and, 471, 475
Stolypin and, 267-268
Trotsky and, 468—469
Ukraine and, 465
Tsushima Strait battle, 190—191
Turkestan insurrection, 368—369
Turkey
Armenia and, 342—343,347
Russia and, 362—363
Tyrkova, Ariadna, 99-100,123
Azef and, 146—147
556 I INDEX
Ukraine, 63,341—342
All-Ukrainian Military Congress,
465
autonomy of, 465—466
Central Rada of, 464—465
Kerensky and, 465
Kiev, 213, 450—451
Odessa, 87—88, 95-96,192
Provisional Government and,
464—466
self-determination of, 451
Tereshchenko and, 465
Ulyanov, Vladimir. See Lenin, Vladimir
Ulyanov
Union of 17 October, 265,322
Union of Archangel Michael, 275
Union of Liberation, 114-115,164—165
Union of Russian People, 214
combat squads, 299
Dubrovin and, 231-232
fascism and, 233
first meeting of, 222—223
Herzenstein murder and, 254
John of Kronstadt in, 230—231
military wing of, 254
Nicholas II and, 231
People s Freedom Party compared
with, 232
pogroms attributed to, 232—233
popularity of, 298
Second Duma and, 265
Union of Unions, 208
United States
Andreyeva in, 237—238
Ballets Russes in, 373—374
Diaghilev in, 366—368,373—374
Peshkov in, 237—238
Russian-Japanese War and, 120
in World War I, 447
Yihequan Rebellion and, 56—57
uprisings
Bolshevik, 502—508
First Machine-Gun Regiment,
469-470, 476
Krasnoyarsk, 229
Kronstadt, 219—220
military, 219-220, 469—479
Polish, 340
Prince Potemkin֊ Tavrichesky
battleship, 192—193
Uritsky, Moisei, 437,513
Uzdaleva, Sasha, 188
Vereshchagin, Vasily, Gapon and,
28-29
“veronalism,” 363—364
Victoria, Queen, 131
Alexandra and, 132—134
Villain, Raoul, 335—336
Vladimir (Grand Duke), 49
alcohol reform and, 38
death of, 294—295
Diaghilevs patronage by, 281, 294
Nicholas II and, 50
Nicholas II s feud with, 219
as patron of Russian art, 280
as potential assassination target, 180
resignation of, 219
worker s strike and, 167—168
Voeikov, V. N., 415—416, 445—446
Volynsky Regiment insurrection,
392-398
von der Launitz, Vladimir, 232-233,
254, 264
assassination of, 257
Vyazemsky, Leonid, 18—19
Vyborg Manifesto, 265
First Duma and, 277
Vyrubov, AJeksander, 275
Vyrubova, Anna, 402
Alexandra and, 275—276
Alexandra and influence of, 344—345
arrest of, 443—444
escape of, 516
in prison, 445—446,501
Rasputin and, 293,345
release of, 484
Trotsky and, 501
War and Peace (Tolstoy), 12, 285
What I Believe (Tolstoy), 5
Wilde, Oscar, 132
Wilhelm II (Kaiser)
Alexandra and, 63,131
INDEX 1 557
Nicholas II and, 53, 63,115—116, 205,
336
Russian Art exhibition and, 280
Winter Palace, 164,325—326
bombing of, 163,509—510
Witte, Sergei
alcohol reform, 38
Alexander III and, 37—38
amnesty for revolutionaries, 235—236
assassination attempt at, 263
Bloody Sunday and, 173—174
China and, 51-55
Chisinau pogrom, 90—91
dismissal of, 240—241
Dubrovin and, 223
electoral law, 238—239
Far East tour by, 63—64
as finance minister, 36—38
Gapon and, 221—222, 224—225, 234
government reform and, 159, 203—205,
210—211
Holy Militia and, 37
influence of, 218-219
intelligentsia and, 218—219
Jews and, 83—84
Kokovtsov and, 211
on Korean expansion, 63
Mamontov and, 44—45
on Manchuria, annexation of, 57
Mirsky and, 150
monetary reform, 36
Muravyov and, 57
Nicholas II and, 51, 64,116—117,
203—204, 220
Plehve and, 79, 83, 94—95,119-120
Pobedonostsev, 49
public opinion of, 218, 223
Rasputin and, 331—332-
Rothschild and, 36
in Russian-Japanese peace talks,
194-195» 197
on Russian-Japanese War, 191
on seizing Constantinople, 48—49
Sipyagin and, 78
Stolypin and, 312
Struve and, 216
Suvorin on, 39
Trotsky and, 223
working day reforms, 73
Zubatov and, 94—95
worker s strike, 154,164—174,184—185
Fullon and, 167
Gapon and, 163—167
Grand Duke Vladimir and, 167—168
Mirsky and, 167—168
Morozov and, 168
Nicholas II and, 167-168
in Odessa, 95—96,192
Peshkov and, 168
Putilov factory strike, 162—165
See also Bloody Sunday
working conditions, improved, 73
working day, hours of, 73
World of Art (magazine), 20—22
Diaghilev and, 46—48
financing for, 46
World War I, x, 333—334
Brusilov Offensive, 364—365,368, 464
Dardanelles operation, 362—363
declaration of war, 337
Entente powers, 288,342,362,370,447
France and, 337, 463
German counteroffensive in, 477—478
heroes of, 344
Istanbul and, 362—363
Nivelle Offensive, 463
Peshkov on, 456
post revolution, 454-464
Provisional Government and,
454~456
Russian military in, 343—346
Russian military in, losses, 362
Russian retreat, 350
World War II, 517
World Zionist Congress, 88
Yakutsk rebellion, 70
Yalta, Crimea, 28-30
“Yar orgy,” 350-353
“Yellow Russia,” 63,116
Yihequan Rebellion (Boxer Rebellion),
56-57
Yollos, Gregory, 264
“young entrepreneurs,” 319
558 I INDEX
Young Turks movement, 347,363-364
Yukos affair, 4511,31811
Yushchinsky, Andrei, 310—311
Beilis trial and, 328
investigation of, 327
Yusupov, Felix, 288—289,516
banishment of, 386-387
Grand Duchess Elizabeth and, 289
Grand Duke Dmitry and, 289
Pavlova and, 316
post-revolution life of, 450
Rasputin and, 302-303,381—385
Zasulich, Vera, 437
Zemstvo Congress, 106-107
Lvov, P. G., in, 218
Mirsky and, 149-152
Nicholas II and, 152
zemstvos
assembly, 114
fundraising organization, 122
Plehve and, 122—123
reform, 309-310
system of, 102—103
Zenzinov, Vladimir, 225—228
Struve and, 228
Zhabotinsky, Vladimir, 87—88
Zhukovsky, Dmitry, 101
Milyukov and, 105
Struve and, 103—104,114
Zilliacus, Konni, 184,194,196
Zino, Grigory, 516
Zinoviev, Grigory, 478,513
Lenin and, 306,339, 428, 430
on October uprising, 501—502
return of, 447—448
Zionism, 72
World Zionist Congress, 88
Znamya (newspaper), 90
Zola, Emile, 71
Zubatov, Sergei, 67,421
Azef and, 75
on Bund, 74
Gapon and, 81—82
Gershuni and, 68—70
Gotz and, 68—69
Odessa worker s strike and, 95—96
Plehve and, 79, 81, 94, 96
on revolutionaries, 81
Witte and, 94—95
working conditions and, 73
Zurabov, Arshak, 269
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Zygarʹ, Michail Viktorovič 1981- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)133829138 |
| author_facet | Zygarʹ, Michail Viktorovič 1981- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Zygarʹ, Michail Viktorovič 1981- |
| author_variant | m v z mv mvz |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044668207 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | DK189 |
| callnumber-raw | DK189 |
| callnumber-search | DK189 |
| callnumber-sort | DK 3189 |
| callnumber-subject | DK - Russia, Soviet Union, Former Soviet Republics, Poland |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1016983336 (DE-599)BVBBV044668207 |
| dewey-full | 947.07 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 947 - Russia & east Europe |
| dewey-raw | 947.07 |
| dewey-search | 947.07 |
| dewey-sort | 3947.07 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte |
| edition | First edition |
| era | Geschichte 1900-1917 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1900-1917 |
| format | Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:58:47Z |
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| spelling | Zygarʹ, Michail Viktorovič 1981- (DE-588)133829138 aut The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 Mikhail Zygar First edition New York Public Affairs 2017 © 2017 xi, 558 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (pages 521-530) and index From Tolstoy to Lenin, from Diaghilev to Stalin, The Empire Must Die is a tragedy of operatic proportions with a cast of characters that ranges from the exotic to utterly villainous, the glamorous to the depraved. In 1912, Russia experienced a flowering of liberalism and tolerance that placed it at the forefront of the modern world: women were fighting for the right to vote in the elections for the newly empowered parliament, Russian art and culture was the envy of Europe and America, there was a vibrant free press and intellectual life. But a fatal flaw was left uncorrected: Russia's exuberant experimental moment took place atop a rotten foundation. The old imperial order, in place for three hundred years, still held the nation in thrall. Its princes, archdukes, and generals bled the country dry during the First World War and by 1917 the only consensus was that the Empire must die. Mikhail Zygar's dazzling, in-the-moment retelling of the two decades that prefigured the death of the Tsar, his family, and the entire imperial edifice is a captivating drama of what might have been versus what was subsequently seen as inevitable. A monumental piece of political theater that only Russia was capable of enacting, the fall of the Russian Empire changed the course of the twentieth century and eerily anticipated the mood of the twenty-first Romanov, House of Geschichte 1900-1917 gnd rswk-swf Biographies / lcgft Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 gnd rswk-swf Soziokultureller Wandel (DE-588)4227561-1 gnd rswk-swf Russia History 1801-1917 Russia Kings and rulers Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 s Soziokultureller Wandel (DE-588)4227561-1 s Geschichte 1900-1917 z DE-604 LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030065600&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030065600&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Zygarʹ, Michail Viktorovič 1981- The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 Romanov, House of Biographies / lcgft Politischer Wandel (DE-588)4175047-0 gnd Soziokultureller Wandel (DE-588)4227561-1 gnd |
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| title | The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 |
| title_auth | The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 |
| title_exact_search | The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 |
| title_full | The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 Mikhail Zygar |
| title_fullStr | The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 Mikhail Zygar |
| title_full_unstemmed | The empire must die Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 Mikhail Zygar |
| title_short | The empire must die |
| title_sort | the empire must die russia s revolutionary collapse 1900 1917 |
| title_sub | Russia's revolutionary collapse, 1900-1917 |
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