Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen: ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present
Хаджылык у гагаузов как религиозный и этнокультурный феномен от прошлого к настоящему
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | Russian |
Veröffentlicht: |
Kišinev, Moskva
Institut vostokovedenija
2017
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract Abstract Abstract |
Beschreibung: | Zusammenfassung auch in englischer Sprache |
Beschreibung: | 423 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen (teils farbig) |
ISBN: | 9789975538312 |
Internformat
MARC
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084 | |a OST |q DE-12 |2 fid | ||
100 | 1 | |6 880-01 |a Kvilinkova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna |d 1966- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)132684489 |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |6 880-03 |a Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen |b ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present |c Elizaveta Kvilinkova |
246 | 1 | 1 | |a Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen |
264 | 1 | |6 880-04 |a Kišinev, Moskva |b Institut vostokovedenija |c 2017 | |
300 | |a 423 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln |b Illustrationen (teils farbig) | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
500 | |a Zusammenfassung auch in englischer Sprache | ||
546 | |a Text russisch | ||
546 | |b Kyrillische Schrift | ||
648 | 7 | |a Geschichte |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Pilgerschaft |0 (DE-588)4270112-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Gagausen |0 (DE-588)4365748-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Gagausen |0 (DE-588)4365748-5 |D s |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Pilgerschaft |0 (DE-588)4270112-0 |D s |
689 | 0 | 2 | |a Geschichte |A z |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
710 | 2 | |6 880-02 |a Institut vostokovedenija (Moskau) |0 (DE-588)1007674-8 |4 isb | |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Abstract |
880 | 1 | |6 100-01/(N |a Квилинкова, Елизавета Николаевна |a ut | |
880 | 2 | |6 710-02/(N |a Институт востоковедения, Москва |4 4isb | |
880 | 1 | 0 | |6 245-03/(N |a Хаджылык у гагаузов как религиозный и этнокультурный феномен |b от прошлого к настоящему |c Елизавета Квилинкова |
880 | 1 | |6 264-04/(N |a Кишинев, Москва |b Институт востоковедения |c 2017 | |
940 | 1 | |f sla | |
940 | 1 | |n oe | |
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942 | 1 | 1 | |c 390 |e 22/bsb |g 476 |
942 | 1 | 1 | |c 200.9 |e 22/bsb |g 476 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | OrAABAEHHE
BBEflEHME.........................................................7
fnaBa I
FIAJIOMHMHECTBO KAK PklTYAJl:
MCTOPMOrPA DMfl BOnPOCA
1. O npaKTMKe nanoMHUMecTBa b pa3nnHHbix penumax..................18
2. O 3HaHeHMM TepMMHa nanoMHUK m Tpaahljmm nanoMHunecTBa
b HepycajiMM y xpucTMaH........................................25
3. CoAepxoHMe xadwa b MycyjibMaHCKoii Tpafluquii..................33
4. Oípa KeHMe TpafluqHM xadxbi/ibiK y raray30B m 6onrap
b MCTOHHMKax M MCTopMorpacJwK...................................39
T/iaea II
riAnOMHMHECTBO KAK COCTABHAfl MACTb PEJlkirk103H0r0
C03HAHMA 3AflYHAMCKMX nEPECEJlEHLJEB
1. TpaflMUMfl xadwbinbiK y 6ariKaHCKnx xpucTuaHCKMx HapoflOB:
MCTOpMMeCKMW KOHTeKCT...........................................56
2. feorpacjDMMecKMe no3HaHnn raray30B b cba3m c KapTMHOM wiwpa
M npeflCTaBneHMflMM o Cbhtoíí 3eMJie............................68
3. XadxcbinbiK m flpyrne pa3H0BMAH0CTn pejwno3Horo nanoMminecTBa
y 6eccapa6c«nx raray30B m 6onrap b XIX - nepBOM weTBepTu XX bb.73
3.1. 3HaHeHne m coAepwamie TepMMHOB «haci» / «hacihk»,
«xadxun» / «xadxoiucmeo»....................................73
3.2. 06pa3 npaßocnaBHoro xafl Kbi: pennrno3HbM flo/ir,
TMTyn M C0L4ManbHbiii ciaiyc................................86
fjiaBa III
MCTOPMHECKME OOPMbl riAJlOMHMMECTBA Y rArAY30B M BOJirAP:
OYHKUHM kl KOflbl OBPHflOBOM ÜPAKTklKkl
1. MoTMBbi coBepmeHna na/ioMHunecTBa m c^yHKunn
nanoMHMMecKMx puTyanoB.........................................101
2. XadxbffibiK KaK BbiciuMii bma nanowiHunecTBa y raray30B m 6onrap:
pmyanbi n KOflbi o6pflflOBOii npaxTHKM.........................110
2.1. floflroTOBKa k CTpaHCTBMK) il CBefleHMfi o 6oroMOJibuax
b KOHTexcTe flaHHbix o npeflnoHTeHMM raray3aMM
n 6ojirapaMM oGteiaoB nanoMHunecTBa........................110
2.2. BpeMfl OTnpaBJieHMfl b xadMbinbiK v TpaflmjMfl
npOBOflOB nOKTIOHHMKOB ................................... 122
2.3. flyTb nanoMHMKOB M3 flOMa b HepycanwM {hacihk yolu)
M o6t)eKTbi pejinrno3Horo noKJiOHeHMn......................127
2.4. PuTyaxibi, conpoBO KflaK)LUMe nortyneHMe nanoMHWOMM
TMTyna «xaA Kbi» m TpaflnunH mx BCTpenn no B03BpameHHH.....142
OrJlABAEHHE
3. XpncTuaHCKMÍí npeflMeTHbiií Mup raray30B m öojirap b KOHT@KCTe
nanoMHMHecTBa b CBHTbie Mecía ..................................150
3.1. O npnB03MMbix raray3aMM m 6onrapaMM MKOHax, KHwrax,
uepKOBHOíí yTBapM m npeflMeiax peJwno3Horo oönxofla.........150
3.2. ripeAMeTbi c pennrno3Hoíí ceMaHTMKOÍí
M ccfcepa wx ncnonb30BaHMfl.................................160
rnaBaIV
TPAflMUMfl BJlkDKHErO nAROMHMHECTBA Y rArAY30B
M flyXOBHAfl BJIArOTBOPMTEJIbHOCTb
1. O pennrM03H0CTM raray30B b KOHTeKCTe Tpafluunn 6oroMonbH.........169
2. 3HaHeHne fluMMTpoBCKoro / AneKcaHflpoBCKoro MOHacTbipa
b pennrno3HOM km3hm raray30B.................................. 194
2.1. riepBbiíí raray3CKM¿í MOHacTbipb b Beccapaönn:
npeAaHMfl o6 ocHOBaHun ......................................194
2.2. CßeAeHMfl O TpaAVIAMH X0)KA6HMfl B flWMMTpOBCKMÍÍ /
AneKcaHApOBCKMÍí MOHacTbipb................................ 201
3. O 3HaHeHWM 6oroMonbfl ppn raray30B b HacTOflLqee BpeMH
M o coBepiuaioiAMxcyi mmm puTyanax oöpflAOBoii npaKTMKM.........206
4. CBeAeHMH 06 MCTOpun ocHOBaHua MaAbip-JIyHrcKoro
MOHacTbipb (raray3Mfl)..................................... 224
5. OcHOBaHue KoMpaTCKoro MßepcKoro MOHacTbipa (raray3Hfl)...........227
6. Anadxa MOHacmbipb m Apyrne MecTa 6nn KHero nanoMHMHecTBa
y raray30B Bonrapmi............................................ 230
7. riOCJiyLUHMHeCTBO M MOHaiUeCTBO B KOHTeKCTe
raray3CKOíí pennmo3HOH jpapy [ m ................................239
8. flyxoBHafl 6naroTBopnTefibHOCTb y raray30B KaK cnoco6
Bbipa KeHMfl BHeuHeíí m BHyTpeHHeM cf)opM pejinrno3HOCTn:
BKnaAbl H nO KepTBOBaHHH B LiepKBM M MOHaCTbipil................244
Huma V
TEMA riAJIOMHMHECTBA B rArAY3CKOM OOJlbKJlOPE
M PEJ1MTM03HOM J1MTEPATYPE
1. necHM o najioMHMHecTBe - Ad^bi/ibnc.
BocnpnsTne nanoMHMKaMM Cbbtom 3eM/in.............................256
2. ripOM3BeAeHMfl C CtOKeTaMM «CTpaCTH XpMCTOBbl»,
b KOTopbix ynoMMHatoTC« MecTa noKnoHeHMH.........................264
3. OTpa KeHne TeMbi nanoMHMHecTBa m cTpaHHonpnnMCTBa
b raray3CKvtx HapoAHbix necHHX m pennrno3Hoíí ni/iTepaType......278
6
KsHAHHKOBa E. H. XoAxcbuibiK y iaiay3oe kclk peAuiuo3Hbiu it smHOKyAbmypHbiu (penoMen
rjiaea VI
TPAflMUMH nAJlOMHMMECTBAy rArAY30B
CKB03b CBR3b BPEMEH H nOKOJIEHMM
1. TpaflMMMii nanoMHMHecTBa xadxbinbiK nepe3 npn3My cbh3m noKoneHMM.287
1.1. riaM^Tb o npe^Kax xafl Kbi n oTHOiueHMe k mx flyxoBHOMy HacneAwo .... 287
1.2. OaMMJim m npo3BaHMB c npucTaBKOM xadwbi................313
1.3. Bo3po KfleHMe TpaAUMHH nanoMHUMecTBa b Mepycanmvi
Ha py6e Ke XX-XXI bb....................................321
1.4. MapwpyT nanoMHMHecTBa b CBATyto 3eMnio
m cB«3aHHbie c hum pennrno3Hbie pMTya/ibi...............330
2. Bo3po KAeHMe ipaflMUMM nanoMHMHecTBa Ha AcfciOH.............335
2.1. ycTaHOB/ieHMe koht3ktob c raray3aMM rpequM
m opraHM3auMB rpynnoBbix noe3flOK Ha Ac|)oh........... 335
2.2. O Hawi/ix cooTeHecTBeHHMKax Ha Cbatom Tope ............344
2.3. Han6onee 3HanMMbie aha raray30B
MecTa nanoMHMMecTBa Ha AcjDOHe..........................351
3. TpaAHLjMa nanoMHMHecTBa b KOHiexcie raray3CKoii pennrno3Ho£i
M 3TH0KyJlbTypH0M MA6HTMHH0CTM .............................355
3AKJ1IOHEHME...................................................372
MCTOHHMKM......................................................385
JIMTEPATYPA....................................................388
CnMCOK COKPALHEHMM............................................ 410
riPMJ10)KEHME. CnucoK pecnoHfleHTOB.................................411
Rezumat........................................................415
Pe3K)Me........................................................418
Summary
421
Rezumat | 415
Elizaveta CVILINCOVA
HADJILÄC - UN FENOMEN RELIGIÖS §1 ETNOCULTURAL
AL GÄGÄUZILOR: DIN TRECUT SPRE PREZENT
In monografía de fa£ä, pentru prima data este studiat fenomenul
religiös §i etnocultural al gägäuzilor hadjilác - pelerinajul la
Ierusalim pentru inchinare la Mormäntul Domnului. Aceastä
tradi^ie, care este una din cele mai vechi tipuri de inchinare la
cre§tini, s-a pästrat printre gägäuzi intr-un mod intact pe parcursul
mai multor veacuri. La baza motivelor sävär^irii unui astfel de
pelerinaj stau viziunile religioase despre necesitatea de a se trudi
pentru Dumnezeu, ceea ce reprezintä o jertfä, adusä Domnului
pentru a primi ceva sau pentru a muljumi pentru ceva. Acesta se
considera cel mai mare pelerinaj dintre tóate tipurile care existau
$i de aceea era perceput drept un act spiritual deosebit. Cea de-a
doua destinadle dupa ínsemnátate pentru a sävär$i un pelerinaj
dupa tradi^ia popular-relígioasa era Sfantul Munte Athos.
Pe parcursul cercetarii acestei teme, autorul a folosit tóate
izvoarele disponibile - documente de arhivä, material etnografic de
teren, date din presa periódica din prima jumätate a sec. XX, folclorul
muzical, texte apocrife, materiale fotografice, §.a. Datoritä utilizarii
diverselor surse a fost posibil ca in aceastä lucrare sä fie reflectat un
tablou viu al pelerinajului gägäuzilor.
Bazándu-se pe studiul formelor istorice ale acestui fenomen,
räspändit la gägäuzi in sec. XIX - inceputul sec XX, §i pe analiza
funcdiilor §i codurilor practicii tradidionale, autorul conchide cä
adjaläc, dupá un $ir de caracteristici, se deosebe^te considerabil
de alte forme de pelerinaj ortodox. Scopul acestuia nu era doar o
reinnoire spiritualä, ci o renaciere completä a omului printr-un
$ir de ritualuri de inidiere (inchinarea la Mormäntul Domnului,
scäldatul in räul Iordan, care era perceput drept un ritual de spälare
a tuturor päcatelor, primirea titlului de „hadjí §.a.). Combinadia
unicä a acestor componente a fäcut ca pelerinajul la Ierusalim
■
416
KBHAHHKOBa E. H. XiM^bLlbiK y 2ûZûy308 KÛK p£/lülU03Hm U 3mH0Ky,1bmypHblîÎ (p€HQM6H
sa fie simbolul credinfei ortodoxe çi visul viefii gàgâuzilor, care
aveau motivaba interna çi resursele necesare pentru aceasta. 0
parte intégrala a acestei tradiçii religioso-populare era ritualurile
de petrecere çi întâlnire a pelerinilor de càtre toatâ comunitatea
ruralà, ceea ce îi permite acesteia sa se „înscrie çi ea în tradiçia
cultúrala, dar aceasta a $i contribuit la pâstrarea obiceiului.
A
In urma realizârii cercetârilor, autorul a relevât cele mai
caracteristice trâsâturi ale acestui fenomen al gàgâuzilor, care
apropie $i deosebeçte hadjîlâcul popoarelor ortodoxe balcanice
de hadjul musulmanilor. Analiza formei çi confinutului tradijiei
hadjîlâc, efectuatà în aceasta monografie, a permis sa se ajungâ la
concluzia câ practicarea acestuia se încadreazà în contextul común
al specificului balcanic cu practicile populare de màrturisire în
masâ a credinÇei de câtre popoarele creçtine din zonà.
Hadjîlâcul pentru gâgàuzi nu este doar „casa Domnului”, locul
unde a mûrit pe cruce, centrul credin^ei creçtine reprezentat
de oraçul Ierusalim, ci este centrul întregului univers cu raiul pe
pâmânt. Compararea çi analiza datelor existente despre pelerinajul
spre Jara Sfântâ $i Muntele Athos au permis autorului sa ajungà
la concluzia câ gâgâuzii preferau sa sâvârçeascà pelerinajul la
Ierusalim, pe când bulgarii din Basarabia mai des câlàtoreau
la Athos. Faptul câ pelerinajul spre Jara Sfântâ reprezenta o
prioritate $i era perceput drept cea mai înaltâ formâ de închinare
se explicâ în primul rând, dupâ pârerea noastrà, prin sacralitatea
§i simbolismul deosebit atât a ritualurilor sâvârçite, cât $i a însuçi
spa^iului geografic. în ceea ce prívente pelerinajul spre mânâstirile
de pe Athos, la baza acestora stâteau pocâinça ?i rugàciunea.
Pelerinajul la Jara Sfântâ (Orientul Creçtinesc] constituie
importantâ a culturii ortodoxe ?i a viziunilor tradifionale ale
gàgâuzilor. Acest fenomen s-a infiltrat în tóate sferele de activitate
ale poporului çi a constituit o parte din identitatea lor religioasâ
$i etnoculturalâ. Aceastâ tradiçie, întreruptâ de începerea Primului
Râzboi Mondial çi pierdutà în perioada sovieticà, astâzi treptat
reînvie.
Rezumat
417
Insemnätatea acestei tradijii in cultura gägäuzilor nu se rezuma
doar la conotajia religioasä. Precum în trecut, aça çi în prezent,
aceasta reprezintä o componentâ importantä a capitalului social
al gägäuzilor, deoarece influenjeazä nu doar tradijiile religioase,
dar çi cele populare çi mentalitatea acestora. Pentru elita política
lócala çi cea de business, savârçirea pelerinajului la Ierusalim çi la
Athos este un marcher a ceea ce înseamna „gägäuz çi al apartenenjei
la tradifiile strâmoçilor. Organizares în semn de binefacere de catre
aceste elite a cälätoriilor de grup pentru pamântenii lor çi pentru
mänästirile din zonä, constituie nu doar o modalitate de a obçine
respect çi recunoaçtere, dar çi reprezintä pentru unii capital social
çi politic, o sursâ de susjinere din partea alegätorilor. lar acest
lucru este posibil doar atunci când tradifia pelerinajului îçi menfine
valoarea culturalâ în conçtiinÇa poporului.
în íncheiere, autorul conchide cä tradijia pelerinajului, räspänditä
pe larg printre gägäuzi, demonstreazä spiritualitatea poporului
gägäuz çi de asemenea subliniazä importants credinÇei ortodoxe,
drept o componentä de bazä a identitâçii etnice. Hadjîlâcul, acest
fenomen religiös $i etnocultural unie, care îndeplineçte funcjia
de remnoire spiritualä çi dezvoltare a poporului, reprezintä un
patrimoniu nematerial, cultural çi religiös, care necesitä nu doar
de a fi studiat, dar çi de a se elabora mécanisme de transmitere çi
moçtenire.
418
Kbuhhkom E. H. Xoaxcwim y may308 kok peAutuo3Hbiü u smHOKy.wmypHbiü pemMm
Ejtu3aeema KBHJIHHKOBA
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naaoMHHHecTBO b HepycaaHM ¿yifl noKJioHeHHH Tpo6y rocno^Hio. 3Ta
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noKJioHHHHecTBa y xpHcraaH, coxpaHHJiacb y raray30B b HeH3iaeH-
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xoflHMOCTH Tpy^oB pa^H iocnoAa, mto paccMaTpHBaaocb KaK KepTBa,
npHHOCHMaa Bory pa^H nojiyaeHHH npocHMoro hjih b ôaaroAapHOCTb
3a HTO-ÆHÔO. Oho CMHTaJIOCb CaMbIM BeJTHKHM H3 BCeX BHflOB najIOM-
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P«Ay npH3H3K0B Xa AJKblJI bi K CymCCTBCHHC) OTJIHHaeTCH OT Bcex Apy-
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HHMaBineecfl KaK oôpafl cMbiBaHHH Bcex rpexoB; noayneHHe THTyaa
Pe3¡0Me
419
«xadMbi» h pp.). YHHKa^bHoe coueTaHHe sthx KOMnoHeHTOB c/jejia-
jio najiOMHHMecTBO b HepycajiHM chmbojiom npaBoc/iaBHoii Bepbi h
mchtoh Bceñ kh3hh pjm raray30B, HMeBiunx pjisi 3Toro HeoôxoflH-
Mbie cpe^cTBa h BHyTpeHHee CTpeMJieHHe. XapaKTepHoíí ero nepToñ
BB^neTCH to, HTO oho 6bi;io pacnpocrpaHeHO cpe^H npocToro Hace-
jieHHH. HeorbeMJieMOH nacTbio a^hhoh pe^HrH03HO-HapoflHOH Tpa-
flHIJHH BB^IHJIHCb pHTyaJIbl IipOBOflOB H BCTpeUH IIOKJIOHHHKOB BCeM
CeJIbCKHM OÖmeCTBOM, HTO «BnHCblBa^O» ee B Tpa/^HI^HOHHyK) Kyjib-
Typy h cnocoôcTBOBa^o ee coxpaHHOCTH.
B pe3y^bTaTe npoBe^eHHoro Hccjie^OBaHHH aBTopoM 6buiH Gbi-
xejieHbt ocHOGHbie Hauôojiee xapaKmepHbie nepvnhi daHHoeo ag-
nenusi y zazay3oe, cÔAUJKaioufue u onvtimatouiue xadncbiAbiK y
6aakqhckux npaeocjiaeHbix Hapodoe c MycyAbMcmcKUM xadotceM.
OcymecTB^eHHbiH b flaHHOH MOHorpa {)HH aHajiH3 (j)opMbi h co^ep-
^caHHH Tpa^Hi^HH xa¿pKbiJibiK y raray30B iio3bo;ihji 3aK./noHHTb, hto
ee ôbiTOBaHHe BiiHCbiBaeTCH b oômHÎi kohtckct o6me6a./iKaHCKOH
KapTHHbl MaCCOBOH HapOßHOH BepOHCIlOBe^HOH npaKTHKH ïipO KH-
BaïOmHX TaM XpHCTHaHCKHX HapOflOB.
Xa/pKbiJibiK pjm raray30B - 3to He To^bKo «aom rocnoßa», MecTO
Ero KpecTHOH CMepTH, i^eHTp xpwcTHaHCKOH Bepbi c r. Hepyca^HMOM,
ho h i;eHTp Bceñ BcejieHHOH c paeM Ha 3eMJie. ConocraBJieHHe h aHa-
JIH3 HMeiOmHXCH ßaHHblX O najIOMHHHeCTBe B CBHTyiO 3eujl}0 H Ha
A(J)oh no3BOüHjio aBTopy c^e^aTb BbiBO# o tom, hto raray3bi npeAno-
HHTaiiH najiOMHHHecTBO b HepycajiHM, b to BpeMu KaK 6eccapa6cKHe
ôo^rapbi name e3ßHJiH Ha A(J oh. B Bonpoce o npHopHTeTe b co3HaHHH
h TpaßHijHH raray30B najioMHHuecTBa b CBHTyio 3eMJiio, BocnpHHH-
Maiomerocu KaK Bbicuiau cj opMa noKJiOHHHHecTBa, ocHOBonojiaraio-
Ü0[HM, Ha Harn B3TJIHA, HBJIUeTCH CaKpaJIbHOCTb H OCOÖblH CHMB07IH3M
KaK coBepuiaBuiHxcu TaM pHTyajioB, TaK h caMoro reo-rpacJmuecKoro
npocTpaHCTBa. Hto KacaeTcu najioMHHHecTBa b a^OHCKwe MOHacTbi-
pH, to ero ocHOBy cocTaBJiueT noKaHHHe h MOJiHTBa.
riajiOMHHHecTBO b CBHTyio 3eMjiio (XpHCTHaHCKHH Boctok) -
gcokhcw nacmb npQGocAQGHOÜ KyAbmypbi u mpaduiiuoHHOZO
Mlip0G033peHUA 2QZay30Q. 3tO HBJieHHe np0HH3bIBa^0 BCe C(J)epbI
KH3HefleUTeJIbHOCTH Hapofla H 6bIJIO HaCTbK) HX peJIHrH03H0H H 3T-
420
KsHAHHKOBa E. H. XlllXbLlblK y iaiay308 KOK pClU2U03HblÜ U SmHOKy.lbmypHblil p€HOM€H
HOKyyibTypHoii HAeHTHHHOCTH. ÆaHHaa TpaßHijHfl, npepBaHHaa c Ha-
HaJIOM nepBOH MHpOBOH BOHHbl H yTpaHeHHafl B COBeTCKHH nepHOA,
b HacTonmee BpeM« nocTeneHHO B03po KAaeTCfl.
3HaMHMOCTb 3T0H Tpa^HijHH b KynbType raray30B He cbo^htch
jiHUib K pejiHrH03H0H KOMnoHeHTe. Kan b npoumoM, TaK h b HacTOH-
meMOHa HBjiHeTCB eaotcHoü cocmaeAsuo ux Kanu-
moAa, nocKOJibKy 0Ka3biBaeT bjihbhhc He TOBbKO Ha pejiHrH03Hbie,
ho h Ha HapoAHbie Tpa^nqHH, Ha MeHTajiHTeT raray30B. /Jjib Mecr-
HOH no/iHTHHecKOH h ÖH3Hec-3BHTbi coBepuieHHe naJIOMHHHeCTBa B
HepycajiHM h Ha A J oh - bto MapKep raray3CKOCTH h npHBepxteHHO-
CTH TpaflHu,HHM npeflKOB (npaBOCJiaBHio). 0praHH3ai;Hfl hmh aro-
TBopHTeBbHbix rpynnoBbix najiOMHHnecKHX noe3,qoK p,nn 36mbhkob
B ÖBHXCHHe MOHaCTbipH HBBHeTCfl He TOJIbKO CHOCOÖOM 3aBoeßaTb HX
yßajKeHHe h npH3HaHHe, ho h paccMaTpHBaeTca HeKOTopbiMH H3 hhx
KaK copHajibHbifi h noBHTHHecKHH KanHTaB, KaK pecypc noByne-
HHH no^AepjKKH H3ÖHpaTeBeH. A 3T0 bo3mo kho JiHiub Tor^a, KOr^a
Tpa^HpHB naJIOMHHHeCTBa COXpaHHeT B HapOflHOM C03H3HHH AyXOB-
HyK) H KyjlbTypHyiO IjeHHOCTb.
B 3aKBK)HeHHe aBTop ße;iaeT bwboa o tom, hto uinpoKO pacnpo-
CTpaHeHHaB cpe^H raray30B Tpa^Hi^HB najioMHHnecTBa ^cmoh-
CTpHpyeT flyxoBHocTb raray3CKoro Hapoßa, a TaioKe noflnepKHBaeT
3HaHHMOCTb npaBoc/iaBHH KaK ocHOBonojiaraiomero KOMnoHeHTa
HX STHHHeCKOrO CaM0C03H3HHB. TaKOH yHHKajIbHblH
u amHOKyAbmypHbiü (ßeHOMeH, KaK BbinojiHBBuiHH
(jjyHKijHio AyxoBHoro oÖHOBJieHHB h pa3BHTHB Hapo^a, npeflcraBBH-
eT coöoh HeMaTepnajibHoe Ky/ibrypHoe h peBHrH03Hoe Hac/ie/jHe,
Tpeöyiomee He TOBbKO H3yHeHHH, ho h BbipaöoTKH MexaHH3MOB ero
TpaHC/IHIJHH H HaC/ieflOBaHHfl.
Abstract | 421
Elizaveta KVILINKOVA
« HAJJILYKOF GAGAUZ AS A RELIGIOUS
AND ETHNOCULTURAL PHENOMENON:
FROM PAST TO PRESENT»
In this monograph the religious and ethnocultural phenomenon
among the Gagauz known as «hajjilyk» - pilgrimage to Jerusalem
for the worship of the Holy Sepulcher - is studied for the first time.
This tradition, which is one of the oldest forms of worship among
the Christians, has been preserved within the Gagauz for many
centuries without any change. The motives for this pilgrimage lies
in the religious beliefs about the necessity of labor for God, which
was seen as a sacrifice offered in order to have one s wishes fulfilled
or in gratitude for something. It was considered the greatest of
all kinds of pilgrimage and was therefore perceived as a spiritual
feat. The second most important place of worship, according to the
national and religious tradition, was Holy Mount Athos.
During the research of this topic, the author involved all
available sources - archives, field ethnographic material, data from
periodicals of the first half of the 20th century, folklore song lyrics
and apocryphal texts, photographic materials and etc. The usage of
various sources allows us to reflect in this work a live picture of the
Gagauz pilgrimage.
Based on the study of the historical forms of this phenomenon,
which existed amongthe Gagauz in the 19th and early 20th centuries,
and the analysis of functions and codes of ritual practice the author
came to the conclusion that, for a number of reasons, the hajjilyk
differs significantly from all other forms of Orthodox pilgrimage.
The purpose of its commission was not just spiritual renewal, but
the complete rebirth of a person by performing a series of initial
rituals (worship of the Holy Sepulcher, bathing in the Jordan River,
perceived as a rite of washing away all sins, obtaining the title -
«hajji» and etc.). The unique combination of these components
422
KiiHAHHKOBa E. H. XajxbtAbiK y laiaysoe kqk pe.:iuiuo:iHt tu amHOKyMmypHbtu
made the pilgrimage to Jerusalem a symbol of the Orthodox
faith and a lifelong dream for the Gagauz, who had the necessary
resources and inner desire for this. Its characteristic feature is that
it was common among ordinary people. An integral part of this
religious tradition, which «inscribed» it into the traditional culture
and contributed to its preservation, were the rituals of sending the
worshippers away and meeting them on their return, common to
the whole rural society .
As a result of the study, the author identified the most
characteristic features of this phenomenon in the Gagauz,
bringing together and distinguishing the hajjilyk of the Balkan
Orthodox peoples from Muslim hajji. The analysis of the form and
content of the hajjilyk tradition of the Gagauz in this monograph
made it possible to conclude that its existence fits into the overall
context of the general picture of the mass popular religious practices
of the Christian peoples living on the Balkans.
Hajjilyk for Gagauz is not only the «house of God», the place of
His death on the cross, the center of the Christian faith with the
city of Jerusalem, but also the center of the whole universe with
paradise on earth. Comparison and analysis of the available data
on the pilgrimage to the Holy Land and Mount Athos allowed
the author to conclude that the Gagauz preferred a pilgrimage to
Jerusalem, while the Bessarabian Bulgarians often traveled to Athos.
In the question of priority in the consciousness and tradition of the
Gagauz in regards to pilgrimage to the Holy Land, perceived as the
highest form of worship, the most important, in our opinion, is the
sacredness and special symbolism of both the rituals performed
there and the geographical space itself. As for the pilgrimage to
Athos monasteries, its basis is repentance and prayer.
Pilgrimage to the Holy Land (Christian East) is an important part
of Orthodox culture and the traditional outlook of the Gagauz.
This phenomenon permeated all spheres of people’s livelihood
and was part of their religious and ethno-cultural identity. This
Abstract 423
tradition, interrupted with the outbreak of the First World War and
lost in the Soviet period, is now gradually being revived.
The significance of this tradition in the culture of the Gagauz is
not limited only to the religious component. Just as it was in the
past, in present times it continues to be an important component
of their social fundament, since it affects not only the religious,
but also the folk traditions, the mentality of the Gagauz. For the
local political and business elite, the pilgrimage to Jerusalem and to
Athos is a marker of true Gagauz and adherence to the traditions of
ancestors. Their organization of charitable pilgrimage group trips
for fellow countrymen to nearby monasteries is not only a way to
win their respect and recognition, but is also seen by some as social
and political capital, as a resource for obtaining voter support. And
this is possible only when the tradition of pilgrimage preserves in
the people’s consciousness as part of their spiritual and cultural
values.
The author concludes that the tradition of pilgrimage, widespread
among the Gagauz, demonstrates the spirituality of the Gagauz people
and also emphasizes the importance of Orthodoxy as a fundamental
component of their ethnic self-awareness. Such a unique religious
and ethnocultural phenomenon as the hajjilyk, which served the
function of spiritual renewal and development of the people, is an
intangible cultural and religious heritage that requires not only
studying but also developing mechanisms for its transition and
inheritance.
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Kvilinkova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna 1966- |
author_GND | (DE-588)132684489 |
author_facet | Kvilinkova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna 1966- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Kvilinkova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna 1966- |
author_variant | e n k en enk |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV044650596 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1024126491 (DE-599)BVBBV044650596 |
era | Geschichte gnd |
era_facet | Geschichte |
format | Book |
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illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:58:15Z |
institution | BVB |
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language | Russian |
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physical | 423 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen (teils farbig) |
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spelling | 880-01 Kvilinkova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna 1966- Verfasser (DE-588)132684489 aut 880-03 Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present Elizaveta Kvilinkova Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen 880-04 Kišinev, Moskva Institut vostokovedenija 2017 423 Seiten, 8 ungezählte Seiten Tafeln Illustrationen (teils farbig) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zusammenfassung auch in englischer Sprache Text russisch Kyrillische Schrift Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Pilgerschaft (DE-588)4270112-0 gnd rswk-swf Gagausen (DE-588)4365748-5 gnd rswk-swf Gagausen (DE-588)4365748-5 s Pilgerschaft (DE-588)4270112-0 s Geschichte z DE-604 880-02 Institut vostokovedenija (Moskau) (DE-588)1007674-8 isb Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract 100-01/(N Квилинкова, Елизавета Николаевна ut 710-02/(N Институт востоковедения, Москва 4isb 245-03/(N Хаджылык у гагаузов как религиозный и этнокультурный феномен от прошлого к настоящему Елизавета Квилинкова 264-04/(N Кишинев, Москва Институт востоковедения 2017 |
spellingShingle | Kvilinkova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna 1966- Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present Pilgerschaft (DE-588)4270112-0 gnd Gagausen (DE-588)4365748-5 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4270112-0 (DE-588)4365748-5 |
title | Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present |
title_alt | Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen |
title_auth | Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present |
title_exact_search | Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present |
title_full | Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present Elizaveta Kvilinkova |
title_fullStr | Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present Elizaveta Kvilinkova |
title_full_unstemmed | Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present Elizaveta Kvilinkova |
title_short | Chadžylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i ėtnokulʹturnyj fenomen |
title_sort | chadzylyk u gagauzov kak religioznyj i etnokulʹturnyj fenomen ot proslogo k nastojascemu hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen from past to present |
title_sub | ot prošlogo k nastojaščemu = Hajjilyk of gagauz als a religious and ethnocultural phenomen : from past to present |
topic | Pilgerschaft (DE-588)4270112-0 gnd Gagausen (DE-588)4365748-5 gnd |
topic_facet | Pilgerschaft Gagausen |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030048334&sequence=000004&line_number=0004&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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