Chinese civil code - the general part:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
München
Beck
2019
Oxford Hart Baden-Baden Nomos |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverzeichnis Seite 233-251 |
| Beschreibung: | XXI, 264 Seiten |
| ISBN: | 9783406714788 9781509924172 9783848754885 3406714781 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Bu, Yuanshi |d 1976- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)129295949 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chinese civil code - the general part |c by Yuanshi Bu |
| 264 | 1 | |a München |b Beck |c 2019 | |
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford |b Hart | |
| 264 | 1 | |a Baden-Baden |b Nomos | |
| 300 | |a XXI, 264 Seiten | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Literaturverzeichnis Seite 233-251 | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804178037874360320 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | TABLE
OF
CONTENT
PREFACE
AND
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
.....................................................................................................................
V
ABBREVIATIONS
..................................................................................................................................................
XIX
PART
I.
INTRODUCTION
AND
BASIC
PRINCIPLES
CHAPTER
1.
INTRODUCTION
..............................................................................................................................
1
I.
LEGISLATIVE
HISTORY
................................................................................................................................
1
1.
CODIFICATION
ATTEMPTS
AFTER
THE
FOUNDATION
OF
THE
PRC
............................................................
1
2.
CREATION
OF
THE
GRCL
.....................................................................................................................
1
3.
STRUCTURE
AND
TITLE
OF
THE
GRCL
...................................................................................................
2
II.
JUSTIFICATION
FOR
THE
CODIFICATION
........................................................................................................
3
1.
SCHOLARLY
RESPONSE
...........................................................................................................................
3
2.
OFFICIAL
EXPLANATIONS
........................................................................................................................
3
III.
TECHNIQUE
OF
THE
CODIFICATION:
SYSTEMATIZATION
OR
COMPILATION
...................................................
4
1.
DIFFERENT
SCHOOLS
.............................................................................................................................
4
2.
EXCLUSION
TECHNIQUE
........................................................................................................................
5
3.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
GRCL
AND
GPCL
.......................................................................................
6
4.
LANGUAGE
OF
THE
GRCL
....................................................................................................................
6
IV.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
OTHER
FIELDS
OF
LAW...............................................................................................
7
1.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
INDIVIDUAL
CIVIL
LAWS
.......................................................................................
7
2.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
COMMERCIAL
LAW
...............................................................................................
7
3.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
PRIVATE
INTERNATIONAL
LAW
...............................................................................
8
4.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
LAW
................................................................................
9
5.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
LABOR
LAW
..........................................................................................................
9
V.
PARTICIPATION
OF
SCHOLARS
......................................................................................................................
9
1.
BUREAUCRATIZATION
OF
THE
LEGISLATION
...............................................................................................
9
2.
DIFFICULTY
IN
REACHING
CONSENSUS
..................................................................................................
10
VI.
THE
ROLE
OF
GERMAN
LAW
....................................................................................................................
11
1.
RETURN
TO
GERMAN
TRADITION
..........................................................................................................
11
2.
FORMATION
OF
GERMAN
TRADITION
....................................................................................................
11
3.
WHOLESALE
VS.
RETAIL
.........................................................................................................................
12
A)
PARTIAL
RECEPTION
.........................................................................................................................
12
B)
MINIMALISTIC
APPROACH
...............................................................................................................
12
VII.
INNOVATIONS
IN
THE
GRCL
...................................................................................................................
13
CHAPTER
2.
FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES
...........................................................................................................
14
I.
OVERVIEW
................................................................................................................................................
14
1.
LEGISLATIVE
PURPOSE
..........................................................................................................................
14
2.
SCOPE
OF
REGULATION
........................................................................................................................
14
3.
FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES
..................................................................................................................
15
4.
ORIGIN
AND
JUSTIFICATION
...................................................................................................................
16
5.
PROTECTION
OF
PRIVATE
RIGHTS
............................................................................................................
16
II.
EQUALITY
..................................................................................................................................................
16
III.
PRIVATE
AUTONOMY
................................................................................................................................
17
IV.
FAIRNESS
..................................................................................................................................................
17
V.
GOOD
FAITH
............................................................................................................................................
18
1.
NEGOTIATION
IN
BAD
FAITH
................................................................................................................
18
2.
DUTY
OF
CONFIDENTIALITY
...................................................................................................................
18
3.
DUTY
OF
DISCLOSURE
..........................................................................................................................
18
4.
RECOVERY
...........................................................................................................................................
19
VI.
LEGALITY,
PUBLIC
ORDER
AND
MORALS
.....................................................................................................
19
1.
LEGISLATIVE
PROCESS
...........................................................................................................................
19
2.
INTERPRETATION
...................................................................................................................................
19
3.
JUDICIAL
PRACTICE
................................................................................................................................
19
VII
4.
RELATIONSHIP
TO
MANDATORY
LAW.....................................................................................................
20
5.
RELATIONSHIP
TO
GOOD
FAITH
.............................................................................................................
20
VII.
ENVIRONMENTAL
PROTECTION
..................................................................................................................
21
VIII.
CUSTOMS
AS
SOURCE
OF
LAW
................................................................................................................
22
1.
LEGISLATIVE
PROCESS
............................................................................................................................
22
2.
LAW
.....................................................................................................................................................
22
3.
CUSTOMS
.............................................................................................................................................
23
IX.
PRINCIPLE
OF
LEX
SPECIALIS
........................................................................................................................
24
1.
GRCL
AND
GPCL
..............................................................................................................................
25
2.
GRCL
AND
INDIVIDUAL
CIVIL
LAWS
....................................................................................................
25
3.
GRCL
AND
OTHER
SPECIFIC
NATIONAL
LAWS
.....................................................................................
25
4.
GRCL
AND
OLDER
JUDICIAL
INTERPRETATIONS
.....................................................................................
26
5.
RETROACTIVITY
......................................................................................................................................
26
6.
SUMMARY
...........................................................................................................................................
26
PART
II.
LAW
OF
PERSONS
CHAPTER
3.
OVERVIEW
.....................................................................................................................................
27
I.
STRUCTURE
................................................................................................................................................
27
II.
OVERHAUL
.................................................................................................................................................
27
III.
CONTROVERSY
...........................................................................................................................................
28
CHAPTER
4.
NATURAL
PERSON
...........................................................................................................................
30
I.
LEGAL
CAPACITY
.......................................................................................................................................
30
1.
CAPACITY
TO
BE
A
SUBJECT
OF
LEGAL
RIGHTS
.......................................................................................
30
A)
TERM
..............................................................................................................................................
30
B)
EMBRYO
..........................................................................................................................................
30
C)
TIME
OF
BIRTH/DEATH
...................................................................................................................
31
D)
EVIDENCE
........................................................................................................................................
31
2.
CAPACITY
TO
ACT
.................................................................................................................................
32
A)
TERM
..............................................................................................................................................
32
B)
THREEFOLD
DIVISION
VS.
TWOFOLD
DIVISION
.................................................................................
32
C)
NO
CAPACITY
.................................................................................................................................
32
D)
LIMITED
CAPACITY
..........................................................................................................................
32
E)
FULL
CAPACITY
.................................................................................................................................
33
F)
PROCEDURAL
RULES
..........................................................................................................................
33
II.
ABILITY
OF
TORT
LIABILITY
........................................................................................................................
34
1.
DISTINCTIVE
FEATURES
..........................................................................................................................
34
2.
NATURE
OF
MINORS
*
TORT
LIABILITY
....................................................................................................
35
3.
COMPARATIVE
PERSPECTIVE
.................................................................................................................
35
4.
CASE
EXAMPLE
...................................................................................................................................
36
III.
DOMICILE
................................................................................................................................................
36
1.
DOMICILE
............................................................................................................................................
36
2.
RESIDENCE
...........................................................................................................................................
37
IV.
CUSTODY
AND
CUSTODIAN
.......................................................................................................................
37
1.
SYSTEMATIC
ARRANGEMENT
.................................................................................................................
37
2.
APPOINTMENT
....................................................................................................................................
38
A)
MODES
............................................................................................................................................
38
B)
MINORS
...........................................................................................................................................
39
C)
ADULTS
............................................................................................................................................
39
3.
CUSTODIAN
*
S
DUTY,
LIABILITY
AND
RIGHT
...........................................................................................
40
A)
DUTIES
............................................................................................................................................
40
B)
LIABILITY
.........................................................................................................................................
40
C)
RIGHTS
............................................................................................................................................
40
4.
REVOCATION
OF
CUSTODIANSHIP
..........................................................................................................
41
5.
RESTORATION
OF
CUSTODY
....................................................................................................................
41
6.
TERMINATION
OF
CUSTODY
.................................................................................................................
42
V.
DECLARATION
OF
DISAPPEARANCE
...............................................................................................................
42
1.
PREREQUISITES
......................................................................................................................................
42
2.
APPLICANT
...........................................................................................................................................
42
3.
RECEIVER
OF
PROPERTY
........................................................................................................................
42
VIII
4.
DUTY
OF
THE
RECEIVER
........................................................................................................................
43
5.
REVOCATION
........................................................................................................................................
43
VI.
DECLARATION
OF
DEATH
............................................................................................................................
43
1.
PREREQUISITES
......................................................................................................................................
43
2.
LEGAL
EFFECT
........................................................................................................................................
44
3.
REVOCATION
........................................................................................................................................
44
VII.
INDIVIDUAL
TRADERS
...............................................................................................................................
44
1.
HISTORY
..............................................................................................................................................
44
2.
GOVERNING
LAW
.................................................................................................................................
45
3.
LIABILITY
.............................................................................................................................................
45
4.
PRACTICAL
IMPLICATION
........................................................................................................................
46
VIII.
RURAL
CONTRACTING
HOUSEHOLDS
.........................................................................................................
46
1.
HISTORY
..............................................................................................................................................
46
2.
ESTABLISHMENT
...................................................................................................................................
46
3.
LIABILITY
.............................................................................................................................................
47
4.
DISTRIBUTION
OF
PROFITS
.....................................................................................................................
47
CHAPTER
5.
LEGAL
PERSONS
.............................................................................................................................
48
I.
DOCTRINAL
BASIS
AND
CATEGORIES
OF
LEGAL
PERSONS
.............................................................................
48
1.
THEORETICAL
BASIS
..............................................................................................................................
48
2.
PRIMARY
DIFFERENTIATION
BASED
ON
THE
PROFIT-ORIENTATION
...........................................................
48
A)
JUSTIFICATION
FOR
THE
DIVISION
......................................................................................................
48
B)
CRITICISM
ON
THE
DIVISION
...........................................................................................................
49
II.
GENERAL
PART
..........................................................................................................................................
51
1.
ESTABLISHMENT
...................................................................................................................................
51
A)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
51
B)
REGISTRATION
..................................................................................................................................
51
C)
APPROVAL
.......................................................................................................................................
51
D)
FOUNDER
*
S
LIABILITY
.......................................................................................................................
52
2.
LEGAL
CAPACITY
..................................................................................................................................
52
3.
LEGAL
REPRESENTATIVE
........................................................................................................................
52
A)
ONE
SINGLE
LEGAL
REPRESENTATIVE
...............................................................................................
52
B)
LIMITATION
OF
REPRESENTATION
POWERS
........................................................................................
53
C)
TORTIOUS
LIABILITY
.........................................................................................................................
53
4.
DOMICILE
...........................................................................................................................................
54
5.
EFFECT
OF
REGISTRATION
.......................................................................................................................
55
A)
RELEVANT
PROVISIONS
.....................................................................................................................
55
B)
PRACTICAL
EXAMPLE
........................................................................................................................
55
6.
MERGER/SPLIT
.....................................................................................................................................
56
7.
TERMINATION
.....................................................................................................................................
56
A)
TIME
OF
TERMINATION
..................................................................................................................
56
B)
TERMINATION
GROUNDS
.................................................................................................................
57
8.
DISSOLUTION
.......................................................................................................................................
57
9.
LIQUIDATION
.......................................................................................................................................
57
A)
DUAL-TRACK
SYSTEM
......................................................................................................................
57
B)
LIQUIDATION
OBLIGOR
.....................................................................................................................
58
C)
LIQUIDATION
GROUP/LIQUIDATOR
...................................................................................................
59
D)
POWERS
OF
THE
LIQUIDATOR
...........................................................................................................
59
E)
LIABILITY
OF
THE
LIQUIDATION
GROUP
............................................................................................
60
10.
BRANCH
OFFICES
..................................................................................................................................
60
III.
FOR-PROFIT
LEGAL
PERSON
.......................................................................................................................
60
1.
ESTABLISHMENT
...................................................................................................................................
61
A)
REGISTRATION
..................................................................................................................................
61
B) BUSINESS
LICENSE
..........................................................................................................................
61
C)
ARTICLES
OF
ASSOCIATION
................................................................................................................
62
2.
ORGANS
...............................................................................................................................................
62
A)
GOVERNING
ORGAN
........................................................................................................................
62
B)
EXECUTIVE
ORGAN
..........................................................................................................................
62
C)
SUPERVISORY
ORGAN
.......................................................................................................................
62
3.
DUTY
OF
SHAREHOLDERS
.......................................................................................................................
63
A)
TOWARDS
THE
COMPANY
AND
INVESTORS
.......................................................................................
63
B)
TOWARDS
CREDITORS
.......................................................................................................................
63
IX
4.
ARM-LENGTH
PRINCIPLE
.....................................................................................................................
63
5.
CANCELLATION
OF
RESOLUTIONS
.............................................................................................................
64
A)
DECLARATION
OF
INVALIDITY
.............................................................................................................
64
B)
RESOLUTION
NOT
FORMED
................................................................................................................
64
C)
PROCEDURAL
RULES
..........................................................................................................................
65
D)
DISCRETION
OF
THE
COURT
...............................................................................................................
65
E)
PROTECTION
OF
BONA
FIDE
THIRD
PARTY
........................................................................................
65
6.
BUSINESS
ETHICS
AND
CORPORATE
SOCIAL
RESPONSIBILITY
..................................................................
65
IV.
NON-PROFIT
LEGAL
PERSON
.......................................................................................................................
65
1.
OVERVIEW
............................................................................................................................................
65
2.
NON-PROFIT
.........................................................................................................................................
66
A)
PUBLIC
INTEREST
..............................................................................................................................
66
B)
PROFIT
DISTRIBUTION
.......................................................................................................................
67
C)
DISTRIBUTION
OF
REMAINING
ASSETS
..............................................................................................
67
3.
PUBLIC
SERVICE
UNITS
.........................................................................................................................
67
A)
ESTABLISHMENT
...............................................................................................................................
68
B)
ORGANS
...........................................................................................................................................
68
C)
LEGAL
REPRESENTATIVE
....................................................................................................................
68
D)
BYLAW
.............................................................................................................................................
68
4.
ASSOCIATIONS
......................................................................................................................................
68
A)
ESTABLISHMENT
...............................................................................................................................
69
B)
CHARTER
..........................................................................................................................................
69
C)
ORGANS
AND
GOVERNANCE
.............................................................................................................
69
D)
LEGAL
REPRESENTATIVE
....................................................................................................................
69
E)
DISSOLUTION
AND
LIQUIDATION
......................................................................................................
69
5.
DONATION-BASED
LEGAL
PERSON
.........................................................................................................
69
A)
TERMINOLOGY
.................................................................................................................................
70
B)
HISTORY
EVOLUTION
OF
FOUNDATIONS
.............................................................................................
70
C)
ESTABLISHMENT
...............................................................................................................................
70
D)
CHARTER
..........................................................................................................................................
70
E)
ORGANS
...........................................................................................................................................
70
F)
LEGAL
REPRESENTATIVE
....................................................................................................................
71
G)
DONOR
*
S
RIGHTS
..............................................................................................................................
71
H)
DISSOLUTION
OF
FOUNDATIONS
........................................................................................................
71
I)
INSOLVENCY
OF
FOUNDATIONS
.........................................................................................................
72
6.
SOCIAL
SERVICE
ORGANIZATIONS
...........................................................................................................
72
A)
ESTABLISHMENT
...............................................................................................................................
72
B)
CHARTER
..........................................................................................................................................
73
C)
ORGANS
...........................................................................................................................................
73
D)
DISSOLUTION
AND
LIQUIDATION
......................................................................................................
73
7.
RELIGIOUS
ACTIVITIES
SITES
.................................................................................................................
73
V.
SPECIAL
LEGAL
PERSON
..............................................................................................................................
74
1.
(PARTY
AND
STATE)
ORGANS
.................................................................................................................
75
2.
RURAL
COLLECTIVE
ECONOMIC
ORGANIZATIONS
....................................................................................
75
A)
HISTORICAL
EVOLUTION
....................................................................................................................
75
B)
ACQUISITION
OF
LEGAL
PERSON
STATUS
............................................................................................
75
C)
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
COOPERATIVES
..................................................................................................
76
D)
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
VILLAGERS
*
COMMITTEE
...................................................................................
76
3.
COOPERATIVE
ECONOMIC
ORGANIZATIONS
...........................................................................................
76
4.
GRASSROOTS
SELF-GOVERNING
PEOPLE
*
S
ORGANIZATIONS
.....................................................................
76
CHAPTER
6.
NON-LEGAL
PERSON
ORGANIZATION
.............................................................................................
77
I.
OVERVIEW
................................................................................................................................................
77
1.
TERM
..................................................................................................................................................
77
2.
NECESSITY
OF
THIRD
CIVIL
SUBJECT
.....................................................................................................
77
II.
ESTABLISHMENT
........................................................................................................................................
78
III.
LIABILITY
..................................................................................................................................................
78
IV.
REPRESENTATION
.......................................................................................................................................
78
V.
DISSOLUTION
AND
LIQUIDATION
.................................................................................................................
79
X
PART
III.
SUBJECTIVE
RIGHTS
CHAPTER
7.
INTRODUCTION
..............................................................................................................................
81
I.
OVERVIEW
...............................................................................................................................................
81
1.
PURPOSE
.............................................................................................................................................
81
2.
STRUCTURE
...........................................................................................................................................
82
3.
SCHOLARLY
COMMENTS
........................................................................................................................
82
II.
ACQUISITION
OF
RIGHTS
..........................................................................................................................
82
III.
PRINCIPLES
OF
EXERCISING
RIGHTS
..........................................................................................................
83
CHAPTER
8.
PERSONAL
AND
PROPERTY
RIGHTS
.................................................................................................
84
I.
PERSONALITY
RIGHTS
................................................................................................................................
84
1.
FREEDOM
AND
DIGNITY
.......................................................................................................................
84
2.
SPECIFIC
PERSONALITY
RIGHTS
..............................................................................................................
84
A)
NATURAL
PERSON
............................................................................................................................
84
B)
LEGAL
PERSON
.................................................................................................................................
85
3.
DATA
PROTECTION
................................................................................................................................
86
4.
PERSONALITY
RIGHTS
ASSOCIATED
WITH
MARRIAGE
AND
FAMILY
............................................................
86
5.
AN
INDEPENDENT
BOOK
ON
PERSONALITY
RIGHTS
..............................................................................
87
II.
RIGHTS
IN
THINGS
..................................................................................................................................
87
1.
EQUAL
PROTECTION
FOR
DIFFERENT
OWNERS
.........................................................................................
87
2.
CONCEPT
AND
OBJECT
.........................................................................................................................
88
3.
NUMERUS
CLAUSUS
............................................................................................................................
88
A)
LEGALLY
RECOGNIZED
RIGHTS
IN
REM
..............................................................................................
89
B)
NOT
CODIFIED
POTENTIAL
RIGHTS
IN
REM
.......................................................................................
89
C)
CONTENT
FIXED
BY
LAW
................................................................................................................
90
D)
PROPOSAL
OF
RELAXATION
................................................................................................................
90
4.
EXPROPRIATION
AND
REQUISITION
.......................................................................................................
90
A)
PUBLIC
INTEREST
.............................................................................................................................
91
B)
PROCEDURE
......................................................................................................................................
91
C)
COMPENSATION
.............................................................................................................................
91
D)
RELATED
LAND
USE
RIGHT
..............................................................................................................
91
III.
OBLIGATORY
RIGHTS
..................................................................................................................................
92
1.
OVERVIEW
...........................................................................................................................................
92
2.
MANAGEMENT
WITHOUT
MANDATE
......................................................................................................
92
A)
CONCEPT
........................................................................................................................................
92
B)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
92
C)
MANAGER
*
S
DUTIES
AND
RIGHTS
.....................................................................................................
93
3.
UNJUST
ENRICHMENT
..........................................................................................................................
93
A)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
94
B)
SCOPE
OF
RECOVERY
........................................................................................................................
94
C)
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
OTHER
LEGAL
CONCEPTS
...................................................................................
94
IV.
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
RIGHTS
................................................................................................................
94
V.
OTHER
ENUMERATED
RIGHTS
...................................................................................................................
96
1.
SUCCESSION
RIGHT
..............................................................................................................................
96
2.
SHAREHOLDER
*
S
RIGHTS
AND
OTHER
INVESTOR
*
S
RIGHTS
........................................................................
97
3.
DATA
RIGHTS
AND
VIRTUAL
PROPERTY
..................................................................................................
97
A)
DATA
RIGHTS
...................................................................................................................................
97
B)
VIRTUAL
PROPERTY
..........................................................................................................................
98
PART
IV.
JURISTIC
ACT
CHAPTER
9.
OVERVIEW
.....................................................................................................................................
99
I.
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.................................................................................................................................
99
1.
CONCEPT
OF
CIVIL
JURISTIC
ACT
..........................................................................................................
99
A)
CHINESE
TRANSLATION
OF
JURISTIC
ACT
...........................................................................................
99
B)
CIVIL
JURISTIC
ACT
VS.
JURISTIC
ACT
...............................................................................................
99
C)
DEFINITION
.......................................................................................................................................
100
2.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
THE
GRCL
AND
THE
CONTRACT
LAW
.............................................................
100
3.
CIVIL
JURISTIC
ACT
VS.
COMMERCIAL
ACT
............................................................................................
100
4.
ACT
TO
CREATE
CONTRACTUAL
OBLIGATION
AND
ACT
OF
DISPOSAL
........................................................
101
XI
II.
TYPES
......................................................................................................................................................
102
1.
UNILATERAL
JURISTIC
ACT
......................................................................................................................
102
2.
BILATERAL
JURISTIC
ACT
.........................................................................................................................
102
3.
MULTILATERAL
JURISTIC
ACT
...................................................................................................................
102
4.
RESOLUTION
..........................................................................................................................................
103
III.
FORM
.......................................................................................................................................................
103
1.
WRITTEN
FORM
...................................................................................................................................
103
2.
REQUIREMENT
ON
FORMATION
OR
VALIDITY
........................................................................................
103
IV.
FORMATION
AND
EFFECTIVENESS
................................................................................................................
104
V.
JURISTIC
ACT
AND
DECLARATION
OF
INTENTION
............................................................................................
105
CHAPTER
10.
DECLARATIONS
OF
INTENTION
......................................................................................................
106
I.
TERM
.......................................................................................................................................................
106
II.
FORM
REQUIREMENT
................................................................................................................................
106
1.
FREEDOM
OF
FORM
.............................................................................................................................
106
2.
SILENCE
................................................................................................................................................
106
III.
TAKING
EFFECT
.........................................................................................................................................
107
1.
DECLARATION
OF
INTENTION
WITH
COUNTERPARTY
................................................................................
107
A)
BY
MEANS
OF
DIALOGUE
.................................................................................................................
107
B)
BY
MEANS
OF
NON-DIALOGUE
........................................................................................................
108
2.
DECLARATION
OF
INTENTION
WITHOUT
COUNTERPARTY
...........................................................................
108
3.
DECLARATION
OF
INTENTION
BY
MEANS
OF
ANNOUNCEMENT
...............................................................
108
IV.
WITHDRAWAL
............................................................................................................................................
109
V.
INTERPRETATION
........................................................................................................................................
110
1.
METHODS
OF
INTERPRETATION
...............................................................................................................
110
2.
APPROACH
OF
THE
GRCL
...................................................................................................................
110
3.
CRITICISM
............................................................................................................................................
110
CHAPTER
11.
EFFECT
OF
JURISTIC
ACTS
..............................................................................................................
112
I.
GENERAL
REQUIREMENTS
ON
VALIDITY
.....................................................................................................
112
1.
COMPARISON
BETWEEN
ART.
143
GRCL
AND
ART.
55
GPCL
.............................................................
112
2.
DISTINCTIVE
APPROACH
FROM
A
COMPARATIVE
PERSPECTIVE
..............................................................
112
II.
GROUNDS
FOR
INVALIDITY
.........................................................................................................................
112
1.
DISABILITY
............................................................................................................................................
113
A)
INCAPACITY
.....................................................................................................................................
113
B)
LIMITED
CAPACITY
..........................................................................................................................
113
2.
SIMULATED
ACT
...................................................................................................................................
114
A)
DEFINITION
.....................................................................................................................................
114
B)
TYPES
.............................................................................................................................................
115
C)
EFFECT
IN
RELATION
TO
THE
THIRD
PARTY
........................................................................................
115
3.
VIOLATION
OF
MANDATORY
LAW
..........................................................................................................
117
A)
CLASSIFICATION
CRITERIA
OF
MANDATORY
NORMS
OF
MANAGEMENT
AND
VALIDITY
........................
117
B)
LAW
AND
ADMINISTRATIVE
REGULATION
..........................................................................................
119
C)
CASE
GROUPS
.................................................................................................................................
119
D)
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
OVERRIDING
MANDATORY
NORMS
...................................................................
120
4.
VIOLATION
OF
PUBLIC
ORDER
AND
GOOD
MORALS
................................................................................
120
5.
MALICIOUS
COLLUSION
.........................................................................................................................
121
A)
CONCEPT
AND
CASE
GROUPS
..........................................................................................................
121
B)
DISTINCTION
FROM
SIMULATED
ACTS
...............................................................................................
122
III.
OTHER
INVALIDITY
GROUNDS
....................................................................................................................
123
1.
MENTAL
RESERVATION
AND
JOKE
..........................................................................................................
123
2.
JURISTIC
ACTS
SUBJECT
TO
APPROVAL
...................................................................................................
123
A)
TERM
AND
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
.................................................................................................
123
B)
EXISTENCE
OF
DUTY
TO
OBTAIN
APPROVAL
.....................................................................................
124
C)
NATURE
OF
DUTY
TO
OBTAIN
APPROVAL
.........................................................................................
125
D)
ENFORCEMENT
.................................................................................................................................
125
IV.
GROUNDS
FOR
AVOIDANCE
.......................................................................................................................
126
1.
MISTAKE
..............................................................................................................................................
126
A)
TERM
.............................................................................................................................................
126
B)
PRIORITY
OF
CONSTRUCTION
..............................................................................................................
126
C)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
126
D)
TYPES
OF
MISTAKE
..........................................................................................................................
127
XII
E)
DUALISTIC
VS.
MONISTIC
APPROACH
...............................................................................................
129
F)
CLAIM
TO
COMPENSATION
..............................................................................................................
129
2.
FRAUD
.................................................................................................................................................
129
A)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
129
B)
FRAUD
BY
A
THIRD
PARTY
..............................................................................................................
130
3.
COERCION
...........................................................................................................................................
130
A)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
130
B)
COERCION
BY
A
THIRD
PARTY
..........................................................................................................
131
4.
OBVIOUS
UNFAIRNESS
.........................................................................................................................
131
A)
CONCEPT
.........................................................................................................................................
131
B)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
131
C)
CASE
GROUPS
.................................................................................................................................
131
D)
CONTROL
OF
INTERESTS
.....................................................................................................................
132
V.
EFFECTS
OF
NULLITY
AND
AVOIDANCE
.........................................................................................................
132
1.
EXERCISING
THE
RIGHT
TO
AVOIDANCE
................................................................................................
132
A)
EXERCISE
BEFORE
COURT
.................................................................................................................
132
B)
TIME
LIMITS
..................................................................................................................................
132
C)
NO
RIGHT
TO
ADAPTATION
..............................................................................................................
133
2.
LEGAL
EFFECT
........................................................................................................................................
133
A)
CHANGE
TO
THE
PREVIOUS
LAW
......................................................................................................
133
B)
RETROSPECTIVE
INVALIDITY
..............................................................................................................
133
C)
PARTIAL
INVALIDITY
.........................................................................................................................
133
D)
RELATIVE
INVALIDITY
........................................................................................................................
134
3.
RECOVERY
...........................................................................................................................................
134
A)
RELEVANT
NORM
............................................................................................................................
134
B)
RETURN
OF
PROPERTY
......................................................................................................................
135
C)
RETURN
OF
MONETARY
EQUIVALENT
.................................................................................................
135
D)
DAMAGES
.......................................................................................................................................
136
E)
NEW
APPROACHES
.........................................................................................................................
136
4.
LEX
SPECIALIS
......................................................................................................................................
139
VI.
REINTERPRETATION
AND
CONFIRMATION
OF
VOID
JURISTIC
ACT
.................................................................
139
CHAPTER
12.
CONDITIONS
AND
TERMS
...........................................................................................................
140
I.
CONDITIONS
.............................................................................................................................................
140
1.
CONCEPT
.............................................................................................................................................
140
2.
PRECLUSION
OF
CONDITIONS
..................................................................................................................
140
3.
CONDITION
PRECEDENT
AND
CONDITION
SUBSEQUENT
.......................................................................
141
4.
CONDITIONS
DEPENDENT
UPON
THE
WILL
OF
ONE
PARTY
...................................................................
141
5.
LEGAL
FICTION
OF
THE
FULFILMENT
OF
CONDITION
...............................................................................
141
II.
TERMS
....................................................................................................................................................
142
1.
CONCEPT
.............................................................................................................................................
142
2.
TYPES
.................................................................................................................................................
142
3.
PRECLUSION
OF
TERMS
.........................................................................................................................
142
PART
V.
AGENCY
CHAPTER
13.
OVERVIEW
:
.................................................................................................................
143
I.
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.................................................................................................................................
143
II.
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
............................................................................................................................
143
1.
JURISTIC
ACT
.......................................................................................................................................
143
2.
EXCLUSION
OF
AGENCY
........................................................................................................................
144
III.
TYPES
OF
AGENCY
...................................................................................................................................
144
1.
AUTHORIZED,
STATUTORY
AND
DESIGNATED
AGENCY
............................................................................
144
2.
REPRESENTATION
OF
A
LEGAL
ENTITY
BY
ITS
EMPLOYEES
.......................................................................
145
3.
DIRECT
AND
INDIRECT
AGENCY/DISCLOSED
AND
UNDISCLOSED
AGENCY
...............................................
146
A)
RELEVANT
PROVISIONS
.....................................................................................................................
146
B)
CHAOS
OF
RELEVANT
TERMS
...........................................................................................................
147
4.
COLLECTIVE
AND
JOINT
AGENCY
............................................................................................................
148
5.
ACTIVE
AND
PASSIVE
AGENCY
.............................................................................................................
149
6.
AGENCY
OF
NECESSITY
........................................................................................................................
149
XIII
IV.
ELEMENTS
OF
AGENCY
..............................................................................................................................
149
1.
AUTHORITY
...........................................................................................................................................
149
A)
AUTHORIZATION
................................................................................................................................
149
B)
PRINCIPLE
OF
SEPARATION
................................................................................................................
150
2.
CAPACITY
OF
THE
AGENT
TO
CONTRACT
.................................................................................................
150
3.
IN
THE
NAME
OF
THE
PRINCIPAL
..........................................................................................................
150
A)
PRINCIPLE
OF
DISCLOSURE
................................................................................................................
150
B)
UNNAMED
AGENCY
........................................................................................................................
151
C)
ASCERTAINABLE/IDENTIFIABLE
PRINCIPAL
..........................................................................................
151
D)
NON-EXISTING
PRINCIPAL
................................................................................................................
151
E)
ACTING
UNDER
ANOTHER
NAME
.....................................................................................................
151
4.
CONDUCTING
A
JURISTIC
ACT
................................................................................................................
152
V.
DUTY
AND
LIABILITY
OF
THE
AGENT
..........................................................................................................
152
1.
NO
SELF-DEALING
.................................................................................................................................
152
A)
CONSENT
AND
RATIFICATION
............................................................................................................
152
B)
EXCEPTIONS
....................................................................................................................................
153
2.
NOT
TO
DELEGATE
AUTHORITY
...............................................................................................................
153
A)
IMPLIED
AUTHORIZATION
AND
IMPLIED
RATIFICATION
.....................................................................
154
B)
DIRECT
AND
INDIRECT
SUB-AGENT
...................................................................................................
154
C)
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCE
IN
CASE
OF
THE
PRINCIPAL
*
S
APPROVAL
........................................................
154
D)
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCE
IN
CASE
OF
THE
PRINCIPAL
*
S
DISAPPROVAL
....................................................
154
E)
STATUTORY
REPRESENTATION
............................................................................................................
155
3.
LIABILITY
FOR
BAD
FAITH
COLLUSION
..................................................................................................
155
4.
ILLEGALITY
.............................................................................................................................................
155
A)
ILLEGALITY
OF
THE
AFFAIRS
AND
ACT
OF
THE
AGENCY
........................................................................
156
B)
VALIDITY
OF
THE
AGENT
*
S
ACT
.........................................................................................................
156
C)
KNOWLEDGE
OF
THE
PRINCIPAL
........................................................................................................
156
D)
KNOWLEDGE
OF
THE
AGENT
.............................................................................................................
156
E)
PROTECTION
OF
THE
COUNTERPARTY
..................................................................................................
157
F)
NO
NEED
OF
CODIFICATION
.............................................................................................................
157
CHAPTER
14.
REPRESENTATION
WITHOUT
AUTHORITY
.......................................................................................
158
I.
DEFINITION
...............................................................................................................................................
158
II.
PREREQUISITES
...........................................................................................................................................
158
1.
APPEARANCE
OF
AGENCY
....................................................................................................................
158
2.
ABSENCE
OF
AUTHORITY
.......................................................................................................................
158
A)
LACK
OF
AUTHORITY
........................................................................................................................
159
B)
EXCESS
OF
AUTHORITY
.....................................................................................................................
159
C)
EXPIRATION
OF
AUTHORITY
...............................................................................................................
159
3.
NO
VALID
REPRESENTATION
.................................................................................................................
159
4.
RELIANCE
OF
THE
COUNTERPARTY
UPON
THE
AUTHORIZATION
................................................................
159
III.
RATIFICATION
.............................................................................................................................................
160
1.
MANNER
OF
RATIFICATION
....................................................................................................................
160
2.
ADDRESSEE
OF
THE
RATIFICATION
..........................................................................................................
161
3.
TIME
OF
RATIFICATION
.........................................................................................................................
161
4.
RESTRICTIONS
ON
RATIFICATION
.............................................................................................................
161
5.
AVOIDANCE
OF
RATIFICATION
................................................................................................................
162
IV.
AGENT
*
S
NOTICE
AND
WITHDRAWAL
..........................................................................................................
162
V.
CONSEQUENCE
IN
CASE
OF
REFUSAL
OF
RATIFICATION
.................................................................................
163
1.
COUNTERPARTY
IN
GOOD
FAITH
...........................................................................................................
163
A)
STANDARD
OF
GOOD
FAITH
...............................................................................................................
163
B)
NON-FAULT
LIABILITY
OF
THE
AGENT
...............................................................................................
163
C)
SCOPE
OF
COMPENSATION
...............................................................................................................
164
D)
ELECTION
BETWEEN
PERFORMANCE
AND
COMPENSATION
................................................................
164
2.
COUNTERPARTY
IN
BAD
FAITH
..............................................................................................................
164
A)
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
COUNTERPARTY
AND
AGENT
......................................................................
165
B)
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
COUNTERPARTY
AND
PRINCIPAL
.................................................................
165
C)
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
AGENT
AND
PRINCIPAL
...............................................................................
165
CHAPTER
15.
APPARENT
AUTHORITY
.................................................................................................................
166
I.
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.................................................................................................................................
166
II.
ELEMENTS
................................................................................................................................................
166
1.
APPEARANCE
OF
AUTHORITY
.................................................................................................................
167
XIV
2.
GOOD
FAITH
OF
THE
COUNTERPARTY
....................................................................................................
168
A)
STANDARD
........................................................................................................................................
168
B)
JUDGMENT
FACTORS
.........................................................................................................................
168
C)
CASE
GROUPS
.................................................................................................................................
168
D)
GUARANTY
CONTRACT
.......................................................................................................................
168
3.
THE
IMPUTABILITY
OF
THE
PRINCIPAL
..................................................................................................
169
A)
LEGISLATIVE
HISTORY
.......................................................................................................................
169
B)
TERMINOLOGY
.................................................................................................................................
169
C)
CASE
GROUPS
.................................................................................................................................
170
D)
LACK
OF
IMPUTABILITY
....................................................................................................................
170
4.
CAUSATION
AND
RELEVANT
POINT
OF
TIME
.........................................................................................
170
III.
AGENCY
BY
ESTOPPEL
AND
APPARENT
REPRESENTATION
..........................................................................
171
1.
AGENCY
BY
ESTOPPEL
..........................................................................................................................
171
A)
RELEVANT
NORM
............................................................................................................................
171
B)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
171
C)
APPROACH
IN
GRCL
.....................................................................................................................
171
2.
APPARENT
REPRESENTATION
................................................................................................................
172
A)
RELEVANT
NORM
............................................................................................................................
172
B)
PREREQUISITES
.................................................................................................................................
172
C)
CASE
GROUPS
.................................................................................................................................
172
D)
DISTINCTION
TO
APPARENT
AGENCY
...............................................................................................
172
IV.
EXCEPTIONS
AND
USE
OF
SEAL
.................................................................................................................
173
1.
LEGISLATIVE
HISTORY
...........................................................................................................................
173
2.
JUDICIAL
PRACTICE
................................................................................................................................
173
3.
CASES
..................................................................................................................................................
174
V.
LEGAL
CONSEQUENCE
.................................................................................................................................
174
1.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
PRINCIPAL
AND
COUNTERPARTY
....................................................................
174
2.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
PRINCIPAL
AND
AGENT
................................................................................
175
3.
RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN
COUNTERPARTY
AND
AGENT
........................................................................
175
CHAPTER
16.
TERMINATION
OF
AGENCY
..........................................................................................................
176
I.
TERMINATION
OF
AUTHORIZED
REPRESENTATION
......................................................................................
176
1.
OPERATION
OF
LAW.............................................................................................................................
176
2.
ACT
OF
THE
PARTIES
.............................................................................................................................
177
II.
AGENT
*
S
ACT
CONDUCTED
AFTER
THE
PRINCIPAL
*
S
DEATH
........................................................................
177
III.
EXPIRATION
OF
STATUTORY
AGENCY
...........................................................................................................
177
PART
VI.
CIVIL
LIABILITY
CHAPTER
17.
OVERVIEW
...................................................................................................................................
179
I.
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.................................................................................................................................
179
1.
STRUCTURE
...........................................................................................................................................
179
2.
PRIORITY
OF
CIVIL
LIABILITY
.................................................................................................................
179
3.
CRITIQUE
IN
GENERAL
.........................................................................................................................
179
II.
DEBATE
OVER
INDEPENDENCE
OF
CIVIL
LIABILITY
.....................................................................................
180
1.
TERM
..................................................................................................................................................
180
A)
LIABILITY
IN
GENERAL.....
.................................................................................................................
180
B)
LIABILITY
IN
CIVIL
LAW
..................................................................................................................
181
C)
LAW
OF
REMEDIES
OR
LAW
OF
LIABILITY?
.......................................................................................
181
2.
NO
CIVIL
LIABILITY
IN
GERMAN
LAW
.................................................................................................
182
A)
RIGHTS
AS
CENTER
OF
THE
GERMAN
CIVIL
CODE
.............................................................................
182
B)
COMMINGLING
OF
OBLIGATION
(SCHULD)
AND
LIABILITY
(HAFTUNG)
..............................................
182
C)
BROAD
SCOPE
OF
COMPENSATION
..................................................................................................
182
3.
THE
NEEDS
FOR
THE
INDEPENDENCE
OF
CIVIL
LIABILITY
IN
THE
CHINESE
CIVIL
CODE
.......................
183
A)
HISTORICAL
REASON
........................................................................................................................
183
B)
ADVANTAGE/DISADVANTAGE
OF
THE
SEPARATION
.............................................................................
183
C)
REPLACEMENT
OF
THE
GENERAL
PART
OF
THE
LAW
OF
OBLIGATIONS
.................................................
184
4.
THE
WAY
TO
SYSTEMIZE
CIVIL
LIABILITY
.............................................................................................
184
III.
TYPES
OF
LIABILITIES
...............................................................................................................................
186
1.
PROPORTIONATE
LIABILITY
....................................................................................................................
186
A)
PREVIOUS
LAW................................................................................................................................
187
B)
PRESENT
REGIME
............................................................................................................................
187
XV
C)
DETERMINATION
OF
SHARES
.............................................................................................................
188
2.
JOINT
AND
SEVERAL
LIABILITY
................................................................................................................
188
A)
CONCEPT
.........................................................................................................................................
188
B)
IDENTIFICATION
.................................................................................................................................
189
C)
APPLICATION
IN
TORT
LAW
.............................................................................................................
189
D)
APPORTION
.....................................................................................................................................
189
E)
PROCEDURAL
ISSUES
.........................................................................................................................
189
IV.
CONCURRENCE
OF
CIVIL
LIABILITIES
..........................................................................................................
189
1.
STATUTORY
BASIS
...................................................................................................................................
189
2.
THEORETICAL
BASIS
...............................................................................................................................
190
3.
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
........................................................................................................................
190
A)
CONCURRENCE
BETWEEN
CONTRACTUAL
AND
TORT
LIABILITY
............................................................
190
B)
TYPES
OF
CONCURRENCE
.................................................................................................................
190
C)
CONCURRENCE
OF
OTHER
TYPES
OF
LIABILITY
..................................................................................
191
D)
NO
CONCURRENCE
DUE
TO
LEX
SPECIALIS
..........................................................................................
191
4.
SCOPE
OF
REMEDIES
SUBJECT
TO
CONCURRENCE
...................................................................................
192
5.
RIGHT
OF
ELECTION
...............................................................................................................................
192
6.
THEORIES
OF
RECONSTRUCTION
.............................................................................................................
194
A)
NEW
THEORY
OF
COMPETING
NORMS
...........................................................................................
194
B)
ELIMINATION
OF
CONCURRENCE
OF
LIABILITIES
.................................................................................
195
C)
INTERPRETATIVE
THEORY
OF
CONCURRENCE
......................................................................................
195
V.
GOOD
SAMARITAN
LAW
.............................................................................................................................
195
1.
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.............................................................................................................................
195
2.
PREREQUISITES
......................................................................................................................................
196
A)
VOLUNTARY
RESCUE
.........................................................................................................................
196
B)
EMERGENCY
MEASURES
+
CAUSATION
.............................................................................................
197
3.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
ART.
183
GRCL
....................................................................................................
197
A)
HISTORICAL
EVOLUTION
....................................................................................................................
197
B)
PREREQUISITES
OF
ART.
183
GRCL
..................................................................................................
197
C)
DISTINCTION
BETWEEN
ART.
183
AND
184
GRCL
...........................................................................
198
D)
DISTINCTION
FROM
MANAGEMENT
WITHOUT
MANDATE
...................................................................
198
4.
ART.
184
GRCL
AND
MANAGEMENT
WITHOUT
MANDATE
...................................................................
198
5.
LIABILITY
TOWARD
A
THIRD
PARTY
........................................................................................................
198
VI.
PROTECTION
OF
PERSONALITY
RIGHTS
OF
HEROES
AND
MARTYRS
.................................................................
199
1.
CONCEPT
..............................................................................................................................................
199
2.
PREREQUISITES
......................................................................................................................................
199
3.
STANDING
TO
SUE
.................................................................................................................................
199
4.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
EXISTING
LAW
......................................................................................................
199
CHAPTER
18.
REMEDIES
...................................................................................................................................
201
I.
OVERVIEW
................................................................................................................................................
201
II.
DEFENSIVE
CLAIMS
..................................................................................................................................
201
1.
CESSATION
OF
INFRINGEMENT
...............................................................................................................
202
2.
REMOVAL
OF
INTERFERENCE
..................................................................................................................
202
3.
ELIMINATION
OF
DANGER
.....................................................................................................................
203
4.
HARMONIZATION
OF
THE
TERMS
..........................................................................................................
203
5.
PROCEDURAL
RULES
...............................................................................................................................
203
III.
RESTITUTION
..............................................................................................................................................
204
1.
RETURN
OF
PROPERTY
...........................................................................................................................
204
2.
RESTORATION
IN
THE
FORMER
STATE
.....................................................................................................
204
A)
PROPERTY
LAW
................................................................................................................................
204
B)
CONTRACT
LAW
................................................................................................................................
205
C)
TORT
LAW
.......................................................................................................................................
206
D)
SUMMARY
.......................................................................................................................................
206
3.
ELIMINATION
OF
NEGATIVE
IMPACT/RESTORATION
OF
THE
GOOD
REPUTATION
.....................................
206
4.
APOLOGY
..............................................................................................................................................
207
IV.
COMPENSATION
.......................................................................................................................................
207
1.
COMPENSATION
IN
CONTRACT
LAW
.....................................................................................................
207
A)
NORM
.............................................................................................................................................
207
B)
TERMS
............................................................................................................................................
207
C)
PRINCIPLES
......................................................................................................................................
207
2.
COMPENSATION
IN
TORT
LAW
.............................................................................................................
209
XVI
A)
ECONOMIC
LOSS
............................................................................................................................
209
B)
IMMATERIAL
LOSS............................................................................................................................
209
3.
PUNITIVE
DAMAGES
.............................................................................................................................
209
A)
CONTRACT
LAW
...............................................................................................................................
209
B)
TORT
LAW
.......................................................................................................................................
211
V.
OTHER
REMEDIES
....................................................................................................................................
211
1.
REPAIR,
REWORKING
AND
REPLACEMENT
.............................................................................................
211
2.
SPECIFIC
PERFORMANCE
.......................................................................................................................
211
3.
CONTRACT
PENALTY
..............................................................................................................................
211
4.
INTEREST
FOR
DELAY
.............................................................................................................................
212
CHAPTER
19.
DEFENSE
......................................................................................................................................
213
I.
FORCE
MAJEURE
.......................................................................................................................................
213
1.
SCOPE
OF
APPLICATION
........................................................................................................................
213
2.
DEFINITION
.........................................................................................................................................
213
3.
RELATIONSHIP
WITH
HARDSHIP
............................................................................................................
214
4.
EXCLUSION
OR
REDUCTION
...................................................................................................................
214
5.
EXCEPTIONS
........................................................................................................................................
214
II.
SELF-DEFENSE
..........................................................................................................................................
215
1.
CONCEPT
.............................................................................................................................................
215
2.
PREREQUISITES
......................................................................................................................................
215
3.
BEYOND
THE
NECESSARY
LIMIT
...........................................................................................................
215
III.
NECESSITY
................................................................................................................................................
215
1.
CONCEPT
.............................................................................................................................................
215
2.
PREREQUISITES
......................................................................................................................................
215
3.
LEGAL
EFFECT
.......................................................................................................................................
216
A)
CAUSE
OF
THE
DANGER
...................................................................................................................
216
B)
IMPROPER
MEASURES
.....................................................................................................................
216
PART
VII.
STATUTE
OF
LIMITATIONS
CHAPTER
20.
OVERVIEW
...................................................................................................................................
217
I.
EVOLUTION
HISTORY
.................................................................................................................................
217
II.
LEGAL
NATURE
OF
STATUTE
OF
LIMITATIONS
..............................................................................................
217
1.
DEBATE
ON
THE
THEORIES
...................................................................................................................
217
2.
INVOCATION
OF
PRESCRIPTION
..............................................................................................................
218
3.
VOLUNTARY
UNDERTAKING
TO
PERFORM/VOLUNTARY
PERFORMANCE
.....................................................
218
III.
ACQUISITIVE
PRESCRIPTION
.......................................................................................................................
219
CHAPTER
21.
GENERAL
RULES
ON
STATUTE
OF
LIMITATIONS
............................................................................
220
I.
STANDARD
STATUTE
OF
LIMITATION
...........................................................................................................
220
1.
PERIOD
OF
LIMITATIONS
AND
EXCEPTIONS
...........................................................................................
220
2.
EXTENSION
AND
REDUCTION
................................................................................................................
220
3.
COMMENCEMENT
...............................................................................................................................
221
A)
GENERAL
RULE
................................................................................................................................
221
B)
EXCEPTIONS
....................................................................................................................................
221
4.
SUSPENSION
........................................................................................................................................
222
5.
INTERRUPTION
......................................................................................................................................
222
A)
GENERAL
RULE
................................................................................................................................
222
B)
SPECIAL
CASES
................................................................................................................................
224
II.
CLAIMS
NOT
SUBJECT
TO
LIMITATION
........................................................................................................
224
1.
GRCL
.................................................................................................................................................
224
2.
SPC
...................................................................................................................................................
226
III.
IMPERMISSIBILITY
OF
PARTY
AGREEMENTS
...............................................................................................
226
IV.
CUT-OFF
PERIODS
.....................................................................................................................................
226
1.
CONCEPT
.............................................................................................................................................
226
2.
COMPUTATION
.....................................................................................................................................
227
3.
EXCEPTIONS
........................................................................................................................................
227
V.
STATUTE
OF
LIMITATIONS
IN
ARBITRATION
.................................................................................................
227
VI.
RESIDUAL
QUESTIONS
...............................................................................................................................
227
1.
SECURED
TRANSACTIONS
.......................................................................................................................
227
2.
OFFSET
.................................................................................................................................................
228
3.
JOINT
DEBTORS
....................................................................................................................................
228
XVII
4.
ALTERNATIVE
PERIOD
............................................................................................................................
228
5.
LACHES
DEFENSE
..................................................................................................................................
228
6.
OTHER
QUESTIONS
................................................................................................................................
228
CHAPTER
22.
COMPUTATION
OF
THE
PERIODS
...................................................................................................
230
I.
COMPUTATION
UNITS
OF
PERIODS
............................................................................................................
230
II.
COMMENCEMENT
OF
PERIODS
..................................................................................................................
230
1.
DAYS,
MONTHS
AND
YEARS
................................................................................................................
230
2.
HOURS
.................................................................................................................................................
230
III.
END
OF
PERIODS
.......................................................................................................................................
230
1.
LAST
DAY
.............................................................................................................................................
230
2.
LAST
HOUR
..........................................................................................................................................
230
IV.
EXCEPTIONS
..............................................................................................................................................
231
BIBLIOGRAPHY
....................................................................................................................................................
233
RELEVANT
LAWS
AND
REGULATIONS
....................................................................................................................
253
INDEX
................................................................................................................................................................
259
XVIII
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Bu, Yuanshi 1976- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)129295949 |
| author_facet | Bu, Yuanshi 1976- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Bu, Yuanshi 1976- |
| author_variant | y b yb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044629871 |
| classification_rvk | PU 8450 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1101124466 (DE-599)DNB1128242419 |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | China |
| id | DE-604.BV044629871 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:57:36Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9783406714788 9781509924172 9783848754885 3406714781 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-030027924 |
| oclc_num | 1101124466 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-M382 DE-703 DE-384 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-739 DE-11 DE-M468 DE-188 DE-1051 DE-20 DE-523 |
| owner_facet | DE-M382 DE-703 DE-384 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-739 DE-11 DE-M468 DE-188 DE-1051 DE-20 DE-523 |
| physical | XXI, 264 Seiten |
| psigel | BSB_NED_20190624 |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateSearch | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | Beck Hart Nomos |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Bu, Yuanshi 1976- Verfasser (DE-588)129295949 aut Chinese civil code - the general part by Yuanshi Bu München Beck 2019 Oxford Hart Baden-Baden Nomos XXI, 264 Seiten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturverzeichnis Seite 233-251 Privatrechtsordnung (DE-588)4175750-6 gnd rswk-swf China (DE-588)4009937-4 gnd rswk-swf Zivilrecht China Internationales Recht China (DE-588)4009937-4 g Privatrechtsordnung (DE-588)4175750-6 s DE-604 DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030027924&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bu, Yuanshi 1976- Chinese civil code - the general part Privatrechtsordnung (DE-588)4175750-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4175750-6 (DE-588)4009937-4 |
| title | Chinese civil code - the general part |
| title_auth | Chinese civil code - the general part |
| title_exact_search | Chinese civil code - the general part |
| title_full | Chinese civil code - the general part by Yuanshi Bu |
| title_fullStr | Chinese civil code - the general part by Yuanshi Bu |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chinese civil code - the general part by Yuanshi Bu |
| title_short | Chinese civil code - the general part |
| title_sort | chinese civil code the general part |
| topic | Privatrechtsordnung (DE-588)4175750-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Privatrechtsordnung China |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=030027924&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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