Political violence in ancient India:
Political Violence in Ancient India argues that the idea of a nonviolent India is an artificial twentieth-century construct deeply influenced by Gandhi and Nehru. Ancient Indian history is marked by considerable violence of various kinds, as is the history of other parts of the world. However the is...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Harvard University Press
2017
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Rezension |
| Zusammenfassung: | Political Violence in Ancient India argues that the idea of a nonviolent India is an artificial twentieth-century construct deeply influenced by Gandhi and Nehru. Ancient Indian history is marked by considerable violence of various kinds, as is the history of other parts of the world. However the issue of violence was debated in India with greater intensity than elsewhere. There was a recognition of the possibility of necessary force veering into violence, and of the strong tension between violence and nonviolence in the political sphere. This book looks at the evolution of the theory and practice of kingship and the attitudes towards political violence between c. 600 BCE and 600 CE by examining a vast array of texts, inscriptions, artistic representations, and numismatic and archaeological material. These include the ideas of Buddhism and Jainism; the emperor Ashoka; the Sanskrit epics, the Ramayana and Mahabharata; the political treatise, the Arthashastra; and the poetry of Kalidasa. The book examines how the problem of the relationship between kingship and violence was addressed in general as well with reference to punishment, war and the forest.... |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xvii, 598 pages Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9780674975279 |
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| 520 | |a Political Violence in Ancient India argues that the idea of a nonviolent India is an artificial twentieth-century construct deeply influenced by Gandhi and Nehru. Ancient Indian history is marked by considerable violence of various kinds, as is the history of other parts of the world. However the issue of violence was debated in India with greater intensity than elsewhere. There was a recognition of the possibility of necessary force veering into violence, and of the strong tension between violence and nonviolence in the political sphere. This book looks at the evolution of the theory and practice of kingship and the attitudes towards political violence between c. 600 BCE and 600 CE by examining a vast array of texts, inscriptions, artistic representations, and numismatic and archaeological material. These include the ideas of Buddhism and Jainism; the emperor Ashoka; the Sanskrit epics, the Ramayana and Mahabharata; the political treatise, the Arthashastra; and the poetry of Kalidasa. The book examines how the problem of the relationship between kingship and violence was addressed in general as well with reference to punishment, war and the forest.... | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Political violence |z India |x History | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Violence |x Moral and ethical aspects |z India | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nonviolence |x Political aspects |z India |x History | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ANCIENT INDIA
/ SINGH, UPINDERYYEAUTHOR
: 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
FOUNDATION
TRANSITION
MATURITY
WAR
THE WILDERNESS
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
UPINDER SINGH.
POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ANCIENT INDIA.
CAMBRIDGE: HARVARD UNIVERSITY
PRESS, 2017. 616 PP. $45.00 (CLOTH), ISBN 978-0-674-97527-9.
REVIEWED BY
CALEB SIMMONS (UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA)
PUBLISHED ON
H-ASIA (JANUARY, 2019)
COMMISSIONED BY
SUMIT GUHA (HE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN)
POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ANCIENT INDIA
IS A COMPELLING
STUDY OF ANCIENT INDIA THAT EXAMINES A WIDE ARRAY OF
SOURCE MATERIAL, INCLUDING LITERATURE, MATERIAL CULTURE,
PHILOSOPHIES, AND RELIGIONS, TO GIVE ITS READER A COMPRE-
HENSIVE VIEW OF ELITE PERSPECTIVES PERTAINING TO THE USE OF
FORCE, PUNISHMENT, AND WAR.
POLITICAL VIOLENCE
PRIMARILY
FOCUSES ON 600 BCE-600 CE, A CRITICAL PERIOD THAT IS FUR-
THER SUBDIVIDED IN ITS CHAPTERS, BUT IT ALSO MAKES FORAYS AS
FAR BACK AS THE HARAPPAN CIVILIZATION (CA. 2600-1900 BCE)
AND INTO MODERNITY WITH DISCUSSIONS OF THE FOUNDERS OF
INDIA, THE NATION-STATE, IN ORDER TO SHOW THE CENTRALITY
OF STATE-SANCTIONED VIOLENCE WITHIN POLITICAL DISCOURSE IN
EARLY INDIAN HISTORY AND TO UNDO ATEMPTS AT WHITEWASH-
ING INDIA*S VIOLENT PAST FROM MODERN MEMORY. AUTHOR
UPINDER SINGH ABLY AND NIMBLY GUIDES THE READER THROUGH
MILLENNIA OF MATERIAL IN A CLEAR, ENGAGING, AND NUANCED
FASHION.
POLITICAL VIOLENCE
, A MASSIVE 598-PAGE TOME, IS DI-
VIDED INTO IVE CHAPTERS WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND CON-
CLUSION AND ALSO INCLUDES HELPFUL FRONT AND BACK MATER
LIKE CHRONOLOGIES AND A GLOSSARY, WHICH MAKES THE BOOK
ACCESSIBLE TO A WIDE READERSHIP BEYOND SCHOLARS OF AN-
CIENT INDIAN POLITICAL HISTORY. HE IRST THREE CHAPTERS
BREAK THE MATERIAL INTO DIGESTIBLE CHRONOLOGICAL UNITS IN
AN ATEMPT TO SHOW THE OVERARCHING DEVELOPMENTS AND
DEBATES ABOUT VIOLENCE IN THEIR ORIGINAL HISTORICAL CONTEXT:
*FOUNDATIONS* (600-200 BCE), *TRANSITION* (200 BCE-300
CE), AND *MATURITY* (300-600 CE). CHAPTER 4 FOCUSES ON
*WAR,* MANEUVERING FROM EARLY JAIN AND BUDDHIST LITER-
ATURE, ASHOKAN EDICTS TO THE HINDU EPICS
MAHABHARATA
AND
RAMAYANA;
POLITICAL TREATISES, PRIMARILY KAUTILYA*S
ARTHASHASTRA
(SCIENCE OF POLITICS), AND SANSKRIT DRAMA;
AND TO MATERIAL REMAINS OF HERO AND
SATI
STONE AND ROYAL
INSCRIPTIONS, INCLUDING PANEGYRICS AND DONATIVE RECORDS
OF THE VAKATAKAS AND GUPTAS. HE INAL CHAPTER, *WILDER-
NESS,* SHITS THE TONE OF THE BOOK TO EXAMINE THE SPATIAL
RELATIONSHIP OF POWER AS IT LOOKS AT VIOLENCE AND THE THREAT
OF VIOLENCE AT THE PERIPHERIES OF STATE CONTROL, THE FOREST.
AGAIN, SINGH EXAMINES A PLETHORA OF MATERIALS, INCLUDING
JAIN, BUDDHIST, AND HINDU TEXTS ALONGSIDE POLITICAL SCI-
ENCE TREATISES, THE
KAVYA
GENRE IN POETRY, AND MATERIAL
CULTURE, INCLUDING NUMISMATICS. TOGETHER, THE IVE MAJOR
CHAPTERS GIVE A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW OF POLITICAL VIO-
LENCE AND THE MANIFOLD WAYS THAT ANCIENT INDIAN THINKERS
UNDERSTOOD VIOLENCE AS INHERENT IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS
BUT DEBATED ITS MERITS AND THE APPROPRIATE EXPIATION OF ITS
PERSONAL ILL EFECTS. IN SINGH*S ATEMPT TO PROVIDE A COM-
PREHENSIVE OVERVIEW OF THE SUBJECT, THE BREADTH OF THE
MATERIALS COVERED IS ASTOUNDING, BUT AS WITH ANY BROAD
APPROACH IT DOES OCCASIONALLY LEAVE SOME MATERIAL A LITLE
UNDERANALYZED AND LACKING THE FULL COVERAGE THAT SUCH A
DELICATE TOPIC NEEDS TO TRULY BE LESHED OUT IN ALL ITS COM-
PLEXITY.
HE MOST CONVINCING PORTIONS OF THE BOOK ARE WHEN
SINGH TRANSITIONS FROM PHILOSOPHICAL AND THEORETICAL DIS-
CUSSIONS OF KINGSHIP AND VIOLENCE IN POLITICAL TREATISES
AND IN WHAT ONE MIGHT CALL *RELIGIOUS* TEXTS (E.G., JATAKAS,
MAHABHARATA
, ETC.) TO DISCUSS MATERIAL REMAINS OF ANCIENT
INDIAN COURTS LIKE SCULPTURE, INSCRIPTIONS, COINS, AND SO
ON. I WAS ABSOLUTELY SPELLBOUND BY PP. 159-176 AS SINGH
DISCUSSED THE *EARLIEST REPRESENTATIONS OF ROYALTY CARVED
IN STONE* IN WHICH THE AUTHORITY, SOVEREIGNTY, AND KING-
SHIP WERE DISPLAYED IN IMAGES THAT EMBODIED THE TRANSI-
TION TO A RELIGIOUS ROYAL IDEOLOGY (P. 159). HIS MOMEN-
TUM IS CARRIED INTO CHAPTER 3 IN WHICH THE MATURITY OF
THE VAKATAKA AND GUPTA *NEW VISION OF POLITICAL POWER*
1
H-NET REVIEWS
AND ROYAL IDEOLOGY OF *KINGSHIP AND SECTARIAN RELIGION* IS
ARTICULATED THROUGH THE ROYAL SITES OF MANSAR AND UDAYA-
GIRI (P. 180). HIS ADEPT READING OF ROYAL IDEOLOGY AND
RHETORIC IN MATERIAL CULTURE IS THE HIGHLIGHT OF EACH CHAP-
TER AND WHERE SINGH*S ANALYTIC MASTERY IS ON FULL DISPLAY.
POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ANCIENT INDIA
, HOWEVER, IS NOT
WITHOUT ITS SHORTCOMINGS. WHILE MOST ARE RELATIVELY MI-
NOR ISSUES THAT DO NOT DETRACT FROM THE OVERALL GOALS OF
THE BOOK (E.G., ANACHRONISTIC DIVISION OF *SECULAR* AND
*SACERDOTAL,* P. 24), THE MOST SIGNIICANT DRAWBACK OF
THIS IS SINGH*S TREATMENT OF ASHOKA AND OTHER EARLY BUD-
DHISTS MATERIALS. INDEED, IN HER INTRODUCTION SINGH DI-
RECTLY ADDRESSES HOW INDIA*S BUDDHIST PAST WAS LAUDED
BY THE FOUNDERS OF MODERN INDIA, ESPECIALLY NEHRU AND
AMBEDKAR, WHO POINTED TO THE ETHICS OF
AHIMSA
(NONVI-
OLENCE) IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A NONVIOLENT IMPERIAL IN-
DIAN HISTORY. BUT WHEN THE AUTHOR DISCUSSES ASHOKA SHE
TOO UPHOLDS THE ANCIENT KING AS A PARAGON OF VIRTUE WHO
FORSOOK VIOLENCE ATER SEEING THE SUFERING OF THE VIO-
LENCE HE INLICTED ON THE BATLEIELD AT KALINGA (E.G., *BUT
[ASHOKA*S] AMBITIONS WERE VERY DIFERENT FROM THOSE OF
HIS NEAR CONTEMPORARIES. IN HIS OSTENTATIOUS REJECTION OF
WAR AND HIS VIGOROUS ATEMPTS TO INCULCATE A UNIVERSAL
CULTURE OF PIETY, ASHOKA APPEARS A MISIT IN THE ANCIENT
WORLD,* P. 55). IN AN OTHERWISE EXTREMELY THOUGHTFUL
AND CRITICAL BOOK THAT READS BETWEEN THE LINES OF POLITI-
CAL RHETORIC, SINGH SEEMINGLY ACCEPTS THAT ASHOKA TURNED
FROM ANY USE OF FORCE TO PROMOTE A NONVIOLENT ETHIC (E.G.,
SINGH ARGUES THAT *ASHOKA SOUGHT TO TEMPER THE VIOLENCE
INHERENT IN CAPITAL PUNISHMENT* AS SHE REBUTS THOSE WHO
CLAIM THAT THERE WERE *SERIOUS LIMITS TO [ASHOKA*S] COM-
MITMENT TO NON-VIOLENCE,* P. 53, AND SUGGESTS THAT *IN
ASHOKA*S POST-KALINGA POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY, WAR AND MIL-
ITARY VICTORY ARE NOT CONSIDERED ESSENTIAL PARTS OR POLI-
TICS OR EMPIRE,* P. 272). WHILE NONVIOLENCE WAS CERTAINLY
PART OF THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE COMING FROM THE MAURYAN
COURT, TO ACCEPT THAT THIS WAS NOT POLITICALLY MOTIVATED
(SINGH EMPHASIZES ASHOKA*S PIETY) OR THAT THE MAURYAN
EMPIRE UNDER ASHOKA CEASED TO USE (OR EVEN GREATLY DE-
CREASED) VIOLENT FORCE SEEMS NAIVE IN LIGHT OF ALL THE OTHER
MATERIAL PRESENTED IN THE BOOK. INDEED, RONALD DAVID-
SON, THOUGH SPEAKING OF INSCRIPTIONS FROM A LATER PERIOD,
HAS POINTED OUT THE LACUNA BETWEEN BUDDHIST IMPERIAL
RHETORIC AND THE VIOLENT REALITY THAT ALSO SEEMS APPROPRI-
ATE TO ASHOKA*S CONTEXT: *WE SHOULD AVOID THE CONCLU-
SION THAT THESE KINDS OF INSCRIPTIONS REPRESENT ACTUAL RE-
ALITY*.[I]T IS BY NO MEANS CLEAR THAT BUDDHIST KINGS WERE
NECESSARILY LESS BLOODTHIRSTY THAN NON-BUDDHIST KINGS.
HESE INSCRIPTIONS WERE RHETORICAL IN PRINCIPLE FOR THE
PURPOSE OF PUBLIC PRESENTATION AND COLLECTIVELY HAVE A
TENUOUS RELATION TO REALITY. ALTHOUGH BUDDHIST KINGS
MIGHT HOLD UP CERTAIN IDEALS ASSOCIATED WITH THE BUD-
DHADHARMA, THAT DOES NOT MEAN THAT THEY WERE CAPABLE
OF ADHERING TO THE PRECEPTS OF NONVIOLENCE IN AN INCREAS-
INGLY MILITARISTIC CULTURE.*[2]
HE SOMEWHAT UNCRITICAL DISCUSSION OF ASHOKA AND
HIS ETHIC OF NONVIOLENCE SETS THE STAGE FOR THE AUTHOR*S
PRESENTATION OF BUDDHISM, WHICH, AT TIMES, SEEMS TO BE
TAKEN MORE AT FACE VALUE AND COMES UNDER LESS CRITICAL
SCRUTINY THAN HINDU AND JAIN MATERIALS (SEE PP. 253-54)
DESPITE TEXTS LIKE THE FOURTH- TO SIXTH-CENTURY
BODHISATV-
ABHUMI
(STAGE OF THE BUDDHA-SOUL) OF ASANGA THAT MAKE
CLEAR THAT VIOLENCE HAD A PLACE IN BUDDHIST PRACTICE IN AN-
CIENT INDIA. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT OTHERS MIGHT READ SINGH*S
PORTRAYAL OF BUDDHIST MATERIAL MORE GENEROUSLY THAN THIS
REVIEWER, BUT, GIVEN THE FRAMING OF THE BOOK IN THE INTRO-
DUCTION THAT EMPHASIZES THE WAYS THAT ASHOKA AND HIS
*NON-VIOLENT EMPIRE* HAVE EFECTIVELY SKEWED OUR VISION
OF VIOLENCE IN INDIA*S PAST, I EXPECTED A MUCH MORE CRITI-
CAL APPROACH TO ASHOKA AND BUDDHIST IMPERIAL VIOLENCE.
I URGE READERS TO EXAMINE THE MATERIALS THEMSELVES.
POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ANCIENT INDIA
IS AN EXTREMELY AB-
SORBING EXCURSION INTO THE WORLD OF EARLY INDIAN HISTORY
AND THE DISCUSSION AND DEBATES ABOUT THE ETHICS OF VI-
OLENCE WITHIN ANCIENT COURTLY CULTURE. SINGH SHOULD BE
LAUDED FOR THE BREADTH OF MATERIALS THAT ARE PRESENTED IN
A CAPTIVATING AND READABLE MANNER. HIS BOOK IS CERTAINLY
THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN IN-
DIA AND IS ESSENTIAL READING FOR SCHOLARS OF ANCIENT INDIAN
HISTORY, COURTLY CULTURE, AND STATE-SANCTIONED VIOLENCE.
NOTE
[1].
INDIAN ESOTERIC BUDDHISM
(NEW YORK: COLUMBIA
UNIVERSITY PRESS, 2002), 88.
IF THERE IS ADDITIONAL DISCUSSION OF THIS REVIEW, YOU MAY ACCESS IT
THROUGH THE NETWORK, AT:
HTPS://NETWORKS.H-NET.ORG/H-ASIA
CITATION:
CALEB SIMMONS. REVIEW OF SINGH, UPINDER,
POLITICAL VIOLENCE IN ANCIENT INDIA
. H-ASIA, H-NET REVIEWS.
JANUARY, 2019.
2
H-NET REVIEWS
URL:
HTP://WWW.H-NET.ORG/REVIEWS/SHOWREV.PHP?ID=51947
HIS WORK IS LICENSED UNDER A CREATIVE COMMONS ATRIBUTION-NONCOMMERCIAL-
NO DERIVATIVE WORKS 3.0 UNITED STATES LICENSE.
3
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Singh, Upinder 1959- |
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| dewey-search | 303.60934 |
| dewey-sort | 3303.60934 |
| dewey-tens | 300 - Social sciences |
| discipline | Soziologie |
| era | Geschichte 600 v.Chr.-600 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 600 v.Chr.-600 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Indien India History To 324 B.C. India History 324 B.C.-1000 A.D. India Politics and government To 997 Indien (DE-588)4026722-2 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Indien India History To 324 B.C. India History 324 B.C.-1000 A.D. India Politics and government To 997 |
| id | DE-604.BV044514592 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:54:41Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780674975279 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 017008399 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029914290 |
| oclc_num | 992691811 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | xvii, 598 pages Illustrationen |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Harvard University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Singh, Upinder 1959- (DE-588)104209216 aut Political violence in ancient India Upinder Singh Cambridge, Massachusetts Harvard University Press 2017 xvii, 598 pages Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Political Violence in Ancient India argues that the idea of a nonviolent India is an artificial twentieth-century construct deeply influenced by Gandhi and Nehru. Ancient Indian history is marked by considerable violence of various kinds, as is the history of other parts of the world. However the issue of violence was debated in India with greater intensity than elsewhere. There was a recognition of the possibility of necessary force veering into violence, and of the strong tension between violence and nonviolence in the political sphere. This book looks at the evolution of the theory and practice of kingship and the attitudes towards political violence between c. 600 BCE and 600 CE by examining a vast array of texts, inscriptions, artistic representations, and numismatic and archaeological material. These include the ideas of Buddhism and Jainism; the emperor Ashoka; the Sanskrit epics, the Ramayana and Mahabharata; the political treatise, the Arthashastra; and the poetry of Kalidasa. The book examines how the problem of the relationship between kingship and violence was addressed in general as well with reference to punishment, war and the forest.... Geschichte 600 v.Chr.-600 gnd rswk-swf Ethik Geschichte Politik Political violence India History Violence Moral and ethical aspects India Nonviolence Political aspects India History Violence in popular culture India History Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 gnd rswk-swf Indien India History To 324 B.C. India History 324 B.C.-1000 A.D. India Politics and government To 997 Indien (DE-588)4026722-2 gnd rswk-swf Indien (DE-588)4026722-2 g Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 s Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s Geschichte 600 v.Chr.-600 z DE-604 LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029914290&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029914290&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Rezension |
| spellingShingle | Singh, Upinder 1959- Political violence in ancient India Ethik Geschichte Politik Political violence India History Violence Moral and ethical aspects India Nonviolence Political aspects India History Violence in popular culture India History Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4020832-1 (DE-588)4026722-2 |
| title | Political violence in ancient India |
| title_auth | Political violence in ancient India |
| title_exact_search | Political violence in ancient India |
| title_full | Political violence in ancient India Upinder Singh |
| title_fullStr | Political violence in ancient India Upinder Singh |
| title_full_unstemmed | Political violence in ancient India Upinder Singh |
| title_short | Political violence in ancient India |
| title_sort | political violence in ancient india |
| topic | Ethik Geschichte Politik Political violence India History Violence Moral and ethical aspects India Nonviolence Political aspects India History Violence in popular culture India History Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Gewalt (DE-588)4020832-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Ethik Geschichte Politik Political violence India History Violence Moral and ethical aspects India Nonviolence Political aspects India History Violence in popular culture India History Gewalt Indien India History To 324 B.C. India History 324 B.C.-1000 A.D. India Politics and government To 997 |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029914290&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029914290&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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