The Russian Revolution, 1917:
Rex A. Wade presents an essential overview of the Russian Revolution from its beginning in February 1917, through the numerous political crises under Kerensky, to the victory of Lenin and the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution. This thoroughly revised and expanded third edition introduces students...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2017
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| Ausgabe: | Third edition |
| Schriftenreihe: | New approaches to European History
53 |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | Rex A. Wade presents an essential overview of the Russian Revolution from its beginning in February 1917, through the numerous political crises under Kerensky, to the victory of Lenin and the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution. This thoroughly revised and expanded third edition introduces students to new approaches to the Revolution's political history and clears away many of the myths and misconceptions that have clouded studies of the period. It also gives due space to the social history of the Revolution, incorporating people and places too often left out of the story, including women, national minority peoples, peasantry, and front soldiers. The third edition has been updated to include new scholarship on topics such as the coming of the Revolution and the beginning of Bolshevik rule, as well as the Revolution's cultural context. This highly readable book is an invaluable guide to one of the most important events of modern history |
| Beschreibung: | xvii, 347 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781107571259 9781107130326 |
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| 490 | 1 | |a New approaches to European History |v 53 | |
| 505 | 8 | |a The coming of the revolution -- The February Revolution -- Political realignment and the new political system -- The aspirations of Russian society -- The peasants and the purposes of revolution -- The nationalities: identity and opportunity -- The summer of discontents -- All power to the Soviets -- The Bolsheviks take power -- The Constituent Assembly and the purposes of power -- Conclusions | |
| 520 | |a Rex A. Wade presents an essential overview of the Russian Revolution from its beginning in February 1917, through the numerous political crises under Kerensky, to the victory of Lenin and the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution. This thoroughly revised and expanded third edition introduces students to new approaches to the Revolution's political history and clears away many of the myths and misconceptions that have clouded studies of the period. It also gives due space to the social history of the Revolution, incorporating people and places too often left out of the story, including women, national minority peoples, peasantry, and front soldiers. The third edition has been updated to include new scholarship on topics such as the coming of the Revolution and the beginning of Bolshevik rule, as well as the Revolution's cultural context. This highly readable book is an invaluable guide to one of the most important events of modern history | ||
| 546 | |a Text englisch | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804177850182402048 |
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| adam_text | Contents
List of plates PaSe vi
List of maps viii
Preface ix
Chronology xiv
1 The coming of the revolution 1
2 The February Revolution 28
3 Political realignment and the new political system 52
4 The aspirations of Russian society 86
5 The peasants and the purposes of revolution 127
6 The nationalities: identity and opportunity 144
7 The summer of discontents 170
8 “All Power to the Soviets” 205
9 The Bolsheviks take power 232
10 The Constituent Assembly and the purposes of power 254
11 Conclusions 282
Notes
Further reading
Index
302
320
339
Index
Alekseev, General A. V., 254
Alexander II, 1, 3, 5, 284
Alexander III, 9
Alexandra, Empress, xi, 2, 20-1, 27
Alexandrovich, Peter, 26
Alexis, Tsarevich, 20, 51
“All Power to the Soviets,” 179-80,
206-31, 181-3, 235, 292, 300
All-Russia Conference of Soviets, 77, 82,
101, 171
All-Russia Congress of Peasants’ Deputies,
142, 242, 275
All-Russia Congress of Soviets
First, 21, 66, 71, 79, 148, 179, 213
Second, 196-8, 215, 220-5, 239, 254,
274-6, 279
All-Russia Union of Towns, 18
All-Russia Union of Zemstvos, 18
Anarchists, 72, 75, 108, 143, 178-84, 190,
208-11, 271, 289, 293-6 passim
Antonov-Ovseenko, Vladimir, 238
April Crisis, 82-1, 110, 170, 285, 290, 293
Armenia and Armenians, 163—1, 187, 260,
264
Avksentiev, N. D., 90
Avrich, 210
Azerbaijan, 160—1, 188, 263-4
Bagmen, 188-9
Baku, 163, 169, 216-17
Balk, 31
Baltic Fleet, 107-8, 151, 225, 245, 251,
280, 281
Baltic Germans, 157
Baltic sailors, 107-8, 183, 251
Bashkirs, 264
Bazarov, 66
Bloody Sunday, 12, 24, 28, 38
Bochkareva, Maria, 122
Bolshevik Party, x, 9-11, 58, 65-6, 84,
196, 200, 272, 283
consolidation of power, 270431, 299-300
Constituent Assembly, 53, 258, 272-82
passim, 274-81, 300-1
debate over power, 207, 214, 220-6,
296
economic policies, 265-70
February Revolution, 26, 34, 36, 187
gain support, 193, 197-8, 202-8 passim,
211-12,214,293
as “German agents,” 183-4, 192
government structure, 253, 270-3
July Days, 181^1, 292-3
June demonstration, 179, 181
Aliiitary Organization, 182-3, 206, 262
and nationalities, 149-68 passim* 217,
256-60, 261-5
October Revolution, 227 ^17, 296-8
offensive, 174, 177-8
organization, 206-8
and peasants, 141, 143, 258, 268-9
political program, 73^1, 205-8, 220
in political realignment, 66, 69, 71-5,
282, 284, 295-6
social policies, 265-70
soldiers and sailors, 203, 105, 108, 174,
177-8, 181, 225, 251-2, 260-1
spread of revolution, 247-53, 256-64
and women, 117-19, 120
and workers, 92-8 passim, 187, 211,
218,265-8
and youth, 124
see also Central Committee, Censorship,
Constituent Assembly, Lenin,
Petrograd Soviet
Breshko-Breshkovskaia, Ekaterina, 118
Brest-Litovsk, 174, 255
Broido, Eva, 118
Brusilov, General A. A., 122
Bubnov, Andrei, 225
Buchanan, George, 230
Bukharin, Nikolai, 278
Bund (Jewish Workers’ Union), 70, 166,
240, 271-5, 287, 299
339
340
Index
Censorship, 2, 86, 124, 144
Central Asia see also specific nationalities
Central Committee (Bolshevik), 117, 179,
182, 207, 221-6, 235, 246-7
Central Council of Factory Committees,
268
Central Executive Committee, 71, 142,
213,214, 243, 275, 281
Channon, John, 138
Chechens, 145
Cheka and repressive measures, 270,
273^, 299
Cheremisov, General A. V., 261
Chernov, Victor, 77, 82, 199, 208, 213,
280-1
and peasants, 134, 139
in Provisional Government, 84, 85,
139, 194-5
Chkheidze, Nikolai, 26, 28, 43, 46, 47, 59,
115,211
Clements, Barbara, 117, 119
coalition government, 80, 133, 164, 185,
189,288, 291,292-5
creation of, 78-9, 84, III
criticism of, 73, 103, 179, 188, 194,
205, 208-9
second and third, 212-14
Committee for the Salvation of the
Fatherland, 241, 244
Conference of Working Women, 118
Congress of Soviets of the Northern
Region (CSNR), 224, 225, 296
Conspiracy theories, 192—3
Constituent Assembly, xiii, 70, 85, 90,
103, 113, 125, 133, 140, 199, 205,
255, 268, 280
assumptions about, 47, 53-^1, 274, 276,
277, 280
in Bolshevik debate over power, 221,
223
Bolshevik efforts to evade, 273, 274,
276, 278, 279
Elections, 265, 270, 274-6
meeting and dispersal, 271, 280, 300
nationalities and, 147-53, 155, 156,
160, 163, 263-4, 268, 271
and October Revolution, 232, 240-2,
246, 254
significance of closure, 281, 300-1
and women, 115
Constitutional Democrats (Kadets), 49,
113,208
before 1917, 7, 12, 20, 22
and Constituent Assembly, 278, 279
formation of Provisional Government,
46, 213
middle class and, 110-13
nationalities, 147-69 passim
political beliefs, 57-9, 137, 177
in Provisional Government, 53, 58-9,
84, 194-7
in realignment, 53-60, 78, 84-5
repression of, 273-4, 308
women’s rights, 115-16, 118, 123
Cossacks, 23, 31, 33, 35, 197, 260, 263
Don Cossacks and autonomy, 168-9,
266-7
October Revolution, 229, 233, 244-5,
258-9
Council of People’s Commissars, 270—9,
280, 281
Crime, 110, 170, 191-2,219, 261,292
CSNR (.see Congress of Soviets of the
Northern Region)
Daghestan, 161
Dan, Fedor, 70, 210
Dashnaktsutiun Party, 164
Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of
Russia, 256-7, 264, 266
Democratic Conference, 212, 222, 227,
286
Denikin, General A. I., 230, 255, 261
Donets Basin, 190, 217
Dragomirov, General, 106
Dukhonin, General N. N., 230, 255, 261
Duma (and Duma Committee), 13, 15,
49, 55, 195
February Revolution, 28, 34-6, 42-5,
49-51, 285, 287
formation of Provisional Government,
45-8, 60, 194
Order No. 1, 100-1
World War I, 18-25, 27
Dutov, General A. L, 258
Dybenko, Pavel, 108, 245
Dzenis, Osvald, 235
Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 273
Engelhardt, B. A., 46
Ermansky, O. A., 32
Estonia and Estonians, xii, 144, 157-60,
251, 262-3
factory committees, 141, 218, 267-8
conflict with management, 196, 291
February Revolution, 32, 33, 91
radical support, 210,216
reelections, 197, 210
women and, 117, 119
as workers’ organizations, 90-7, 218
famine, 3, 7
Index
341
February Revolution, 23, 38^42, 44-5,
123, 126, 173, 186, 191, 285, 291
abdication of Nicholas, 50—1
and Constituent Assembly, 276-80
contrast to October, 271, 292-3
Duma, 36, 42-5, 47, 50-2
factory activists, 31—5, 41, 96, 107
formation of Provisional Government,
45-8, 75
leadership, 31-6, 40-1, 71, 76
middle class and, 109-10
nationalities, 144, 151, 156, 160, 161,
170
peasants, 127-43 passim
political realignment, 52-76, 287
Petrograd Soviet, 43-4:, 63—6
and public activism, 23, 28-41 passim,
87-8, 202, 282
socialist parties, 32, 33-6, 43, 48
soldiers and sailors in, 31-5, 37-9,
107-8
spread outside Petrograd, 44-52, 101
workers and strikes, 28-31, 32—5, 88-9,
92-4, 96, 186
women, 23, 28-30, 115-16, 120
February System, 202, 288, 290
collapse, 188, 214
defined, 52, 53, 56, 59, 66
opposition to, 72, 178, 210, 295
and popular aspirations, 98, 122
Figes, Orlando, 283
Finland, 155-7, 182, 184, 220, 221, 262
First Conference of Petrograd Factory
Committees, 97
food supply, 118, 135, 139, 163, 190, 249,
271
February Revolution, 28-44 passim
government policies, 131-3, 141
peasants, 129-331
responses to shortages, 186-90,
216-17,269
women, 119-21
Food Supply Committees, 130, 135, 139
foreign policy, 79-83, 110, 171-4, 197,
290
Free Association for the Development and
Advancement of the Positive Sciences,
123
Free Economic Society, 18
Gap on, Father, 12
Georgia and Georgians, 161, 165, 166-7,
268
Gerliakh and Pulst factory, 187
Germans and Germany, 69, 81, 152-3,
180, 201, 215, 222, 228, 260, 263
Baltic, 157-9
conspiracy, 21, 183-92
Lenin’s trip through, 72
peace, 172^4, 242, 254-5, 281
World War I, 11, 17, 21, 36, 80
Golytsin, Prince, 135
Gots, Abram, 70, 167
Guchkov, Alexander, 18, 19, 20, 21—2, 50,
56, 84, 110
Gurko, General G. I., 22
Gvozdev, K. A., 22, 26
Helsinki, xi, 107, 108, 159, 209, 225, 251.
See also sailors
Hickey, Michael, xiii, 113, 165
Holquist, Peter, 126
Iaroslavsky, E., 192
Industrialization, 4-7, 10, 18
Interdistrictites, 34, 72, 74, 289
Ivanov, General N. I., 44, 50
Jadid, 161-3
Jews, 13, 153-5, 158, 165-8, 192
Jordania, Noi, 263
July Days, 152-3, 170, 181-5, 194r-5,
197-8, 229, 242, 285, 292-3
June demonstrations, 178-9, 181, 190
June Offensive, 173-80
Kadet (see Constitutional Democrats)
Kaledin, General Aleksei, 258-60
Kalinin, Mikhail, 225
Kamenev, Lev, 222, 226-7, 246-7, 296,
298
Kamkov, B. D., 205
Kazakhs and Kazakhistan, 145, 160, 161,
264
Kazan, 120, 121, 145, 200, 209, 248
Keep, John, 133
Kerensky, Alexander, 2, 26, 86, 124, 172,
185, 208
Description, 55, 76—7, 289
Directory and Third Coalition, 213—15,
295
February Revolution, 28, 43, 47, 54,
75-7
Kornilov Affair, 199-204
as Minister-President, 184, 190, 194—6,
213-15
nationalities, 148, 152, 156, 167
October Revolution, 218, 227, 230-1,
233-7, 239, 244-6, 251, 253, 260,
296-8
and offensive, 170, 180, 184
photograph, 54, 62, 175
342
Index
Kerensky, Alexander (cont.)
in political realignment, 59, 75-7, 81,
84, 288
and women, 115, 122
Khabalov, General S. S., 36
Kharkov, xi, 48, 154, 187, 209, 210, 218,
256-8, 260, 263
Kiev, 151—257, 260,263
Kirghiz, 160
Kirpichnikov, Sergeant T. I., 38, 86
Kishkin, Nikolai, 230
Knox, General Alfred, 17
Kokand, 264
Kollontai, Alexandra, 118
Kolonitskii, Boris, xii, 283
Konovalov, A. I., 19, 22, 58, 59, 75, 110,
287, 288
Kornilov, General Lavr, 53, 195, 197, 260,
273
Kornilov Affair, 60, 170, 186, 188, 193,
209,214, 293, 295
post-October, 252, 259
and Provisional Government, 198-204
passim, 212—13
and rise of left, 211, 212-13, 228
Krasnov, General N. P., 244-5, 246, 272
Kronstadt sailors, 107, 108, 183-209. See
also Baltic sailors, sailors
Krupskaia, Nadezhda, 118
Krylenko, Nikolai, 255, 261
Krymov, General A. M., 22, 203
Labor and Light, 124
Land, Decree on, 143, 241-2, 268, 280
Lapinski, Stanislaw, 273
Larin, Iuri, 210, 272
Lashkevich, Captain, 38
Latvia and Latvian, 150, 156, 157-60,
164,251,262, 264
Latvian Riflemen, 159, 262
Latvian Social Democratic Party, 158,
262
Lazimir, Pavel, 228
League for Women’s Equal Rights, 115
Left SRs, 72, 75, 150, 213, 250, 251, 261,
289, 293
Constituent Assembly, 276-81 passim
gains in support, 177, 198, 202, 208-9,
211-13, 289, 295-6
July Days, 181-2
and offensive, 174—80 passim
October Revolution, 226-51 passim, 295
peasants, 141, 275
in political realignment, 74, 75, 213
Red Guards, 142, 275
and socialist coalition government, 223,
226-30, 243-5
soldiers and sailors, 103, 108
in Soviet government, 243-5, 265,
270-5, 298-300
spread of revolution, 250-64 passim
and workers’ aspirations, 92-8 passim,
218
Women, 118
Lena Gold Field Massacre, 16
Lenin, Vladimir, 53, 68, 72^1, 92, 172,
177, 287, 289
April Theses, 72-3
before 1917, 10, 11
and Constituent Assembly, 274-81,
300-1
debate on power, 207-8, 218, 221-31
description, 66
as “German agent,” 72, 192
government structure, 243-7
July Days, 182-^1
Nationalities, 149, 163, 258-65 passim
October Revolution, 232-52 passim,
296- 300
peace treaty, 254-6
in political realignment, 66, 72, 75,
297- 8
workers’ aspirations, 89 passim,
196-7
Liber, Mark, 70
Liberals, 72, 173, 251, 285-90
before 1917, 11, 15, 18, 22
in February Revolution, 36, 42, 45-7
and middle class, 111-13
and nationalities, 149, 157, 158, 166
in political realignment, 57-65 passim,
71, 76-8, 287, 290
and Provisional Government, 47-9
second coalition goverment, 196, 212,
213, 275,288-9
see also Constitutional Democrats
Lih, Lars, 15, 193
Lockhart, Bruce, 22
Lohr, Eric, 144
Lunacharsky, Anatolii, 239, 241, 267
Lvov, Prince G. E., xi, 48, 54, 58, 61,
173
before 1917, 18, 19, 20, 22
in political realignment and coalition
government, 59-60, 76-81, 287-90,
295
resignation, 194
views on government, 55, 60, 155
women’s rights, 115
Lvov, V. N., 125, 203
Index
343
Maapaev, 158, 263
Machine Gun Regiment, 181-2
Main Land Committee, 133-4
Manerov (Soviet deputy), 56
Markov, Sergeant, 38
Martov, Iulii, 10, 72, 74, 210, 239-40, 289
Maslennikov, A. M., 195
Masonic lodges, 19
McAuley, Mary, 193
Menshevik Party, 73-5, 183, 221, 222, 257
after October, 278, 287
before 1917,9-11, 22,26
coalition government, 85, 213-14
February Revolution, 3, 34, 43
in Georgia, 164, 264
loss of support, 196-7, 205, 209, 210,
211-12,214, 249-50
Menshevik-Internationalists (see entry)
and nationalities, 147-69 passim, 257—8,
264
and offensive, 177
and political realignment, 66-72, 75,
78, 288
Second Congress of Soviet, 239-50
passim, 298
In Soviet leadership, 43, 65-72
Vikzhel, 245-47
Women, 118
Workers’ aspirations, 89-99 passim,
196-7
see also Revolutionary Defensists,
Moderate Socialists,
Menshevik-Internationalists
Mezhraiontsy (see Interdistrictites)
middle classes, 96, 109-3, 130, 199, 206,
212, 220, 268, 282, 293
in February Revolution, 31, 34, 35, 49
in minority regions, 157, 158, 164, 263
in new political system, 58, 60, 76, 79
pre-revolutionary, 6-8, 9, 11-12, 13, 14
military cadets, 12, 232, 235, 236, 245
Military Organization, 182, 206, 261
Military Revolutionary Committee
(MRC), 228-38 passim, 249, 250,
257, 261, 297
Miliukov, Paul, 53-4, 124, 172, 194-5,
197
before 1917, 12,20,21
February Revolution, 46-7
and foreign policy, 80-4, 110, 287
in political realignment, 58-60, 77,
80-4, 207
Miliukova, Anna, 118, 120
Mining Institute, 41
Moscow State Conference, 148, 200
Mstislavsky, Sergei, 240
Musavat, 162, 163
Muslims, 26, 86, 148, 160-3
Nabokov, V. D., 55
Natanson, Mark, 72, 208, 289
nationalities (see also specific nationalities)
Nekrasov, Nikolai, 22, 54, 58-60, 75-7,
81, 84, 172, 194, 287-8
Nepinin, Vice-Admiral A. I., 107
New Lessner Factory, 29
Nicholas II, 59, 109, 285, 289
abdication, 50-1
February Revolution, 27, 28, 36, 39,
42-5, 48, 50-1, 100
Revolution of 1905, 13-14
as Ruler, 1,9, 13-15, 114
World War I, 19-22, 36
Nikolaeva, Klavdiia., 118
Novgorod, 216, 220
Obukhov Factory, 209, 280
October Manifesto, 13-14
October Revolution, x, 53, 108, 215, 219,
232-52, 263-8, 197-9
compared to February Revolution, 49,
238, 293
conflict over garrison, 215, 227-8
Land Decree, 143
mobilization of supporters, 227-30
nationalities and, 147, 157, 159, 168,
261-5
in Petrograd, 232-47
and radical left bloc, 209-12
Red Guards, 204, 229, 236
Spread to Moscow and provinces,
247-53
Octobrists, 18-20
Offensive, 102-4, 107, 122, 170, 173-81,
208, 215, 292
Order No. 1, 45, 100-1, 107
Orthodox Church, 124, 125
Pan-Islamists, 161
Panina, Countess Sofia, 116-18
Pankhurst, Emmeline, 122
Pavlovsky Regiment, 38, 105, 235, 238
Peace, Decree on, 242, 254, 260, 261, 267
peace efforts, 69-70, 80-5, 101-2, 170-4,
213, 238, 241-2, 254-6, 292
Peasantry, 127-43 passim
aspirations, 1274-3
before 1917, 3, 6, 102
direct action, 135-9, 142, 149
and February Revolution, 127-9
344
Index
Peasantry ( cont.)
food supply, 131-3
government and, 129-35, 139, 140-2
land redistribution, 133-8, 143, 269
political action, 141-3
and SR party, 9, 141-2
village affairs, 127-31, 139-41, 143
Penza, 136
People’s Will, 9
Peshekhonov, A. A., 34, 70
Petersburg Committee, 182, 199, 206,
222, 224, 225
Petrograd City Council, 211, 240-1
Petrograd Soviet, 61-5, 89, 92, 99, 111,
120-1, 209, 276, 291
authority vis-à-vis government, 55-6,
61-5, 77-80
Bolshevik-led majority, 209, 211-15,
225
and coalition government, 83-5, 288,
290
early leaders, 26, 44, 63-5, 69-71,
83-5, 104, 288, 290
February Revolution, 41, 43-8
formation, 41-4, 286
in formation of Provisional
Government, 46-7, 52, 257
July Days, 181-4, 292-3
Lenin attacks, 72-3
and nationalities, 150, 167
offensive, 106-7, 170, 173-9 passim
October Revolution, 228-30, 232-8
passim, 296—7
Order No. 1, 100
peace policy, 79-83, 170-4, 290
role, 66-7, 79
Plekhanov, G. V., 10
Pirogov Medical Society, 18
political system of 1917
coalition government formed, 83—5
Directory, 213
Kornilov and, 185, 188, 195-204
Provisional Government (see entry)
realignment, 52-5
Second Coalition, 184-5, 193-5
Sovnarkom (see entry)
Third Coalition, 213-14
Polivanov, General A. A., 17, 20
Polkovnikov, General G. R, 228, 244
Populism, 9
Preparliament, 220, 221, 226, 234, 236
Price, Morgan Philips, 66, 216
Progressist Party, 18, 19, 20, 58, 287
Progressive Bloc, 19-22, 25, 36
Protopopov, A. D., 43, 41
Provisional Government, 49, 52-7, 65,
245, 276-8, 280
creation of coalition government, 83-5,
290- 1
and economic crisis, 185-90, 216-20,
291- 2
foreign and war policy, 79-83, 170-9,
290
formation, 22, 46-8, 51, 52, 286-9, 292
July Days, 108, 181-4, 292-3
Kornilov affair, 198-204, 293
leftist criticism of, 71-5, 205, 223, 254,
289
men who became, 18-20
middle class and, 109-13
nationalities, 144—69 (see also specific
nationalties)
October Revolution, 230-41, 245, 249,
257—60, 263, 300
offensive, 173-80
and peasants, 127^13, 269
political authority, 52-7 passim, 194—8
relation with Petrograd Soviet, 46-7,
54-7, 70, 75-9, 83-5
soldiers and, 99-108, 252
successes, 294
Third Coalition, 194-6, 212-14
view of self, 52-5, 58—60
women and, 113-24
workers and, 90, 92, 96-9
Pskov, 51, 220
Public Committees, 49, 55, 167, 286
Pulkovo Heights, 245, 251
Purishkevich, V. M., 21
Putilov, A. I., 195
Putilov Factory, 25, 28, 89, 217
Radek, Karl, 167
Radical left bloc, x, 52, 71-5, 288, 289,
295-6
beliefs, 74—6
gains in support, 198, 204—6, 208-13
July Days, 181, 185,293
and nationalities, 149-50
October Revolution, 234, 239^10,
239-52 passim, 256, 286—7
Offensive, 174, 177-9
see also Bolsheviks; Left SRs;
Menshevik-Internationalists;
Anarchists
Radko-Dmitriev, General, 177
Railway war, 256, 259-60
Rakhia, I., 225
Raleigh, Donald, xiii, 90
Rasputin, Gregory, 20-1, 125, 284, 285
Index
345
Red Guards, 93, 120, 157, 203-4, 217
in October, 225, 227-9, 230
in October Revolution, 233-8, 294-6,
248-50
post-October coercion, 268, 294,
279—82 passim
as workers’ self-assertiveness, 97, 197,
291
Reed, John, 219, 238
Resulzade, Mehmed Emin, 161
Revel, xi, 108, 158, 209 (see also Talllinn)
Revolution of 1905, 3, 7, 11, 12-14, 38,
96, 128, 156
Revolutionary Defensists, x, 66, 77, 167,
169, 293, 294
Coalition government, 84—6, 193,
212-13, 288, 293-4
ideology of, 70-1, 77-82, 287
July Days, 182^, 293
loss of support, 198, 211-12, 213-14,
255, 292
nationalities, 144—69 passim
October Revolution, 241-2, 297
policy on war, 79-83, 170-80, 295
and political realignment, 69-72, 195,
197
and soldiers, 99, 102-5
and workers, 96-9, 295
see also Mensheviks; Socialist
Revolutionaries; Moderate Socialists
Riabtsev, Col. K. I., 230
Riazanov, David, 246
Rodichev, Fedorm, 199
Rodzianko, M. V., 22, 36, 42, 46, 48, 50,
51
Romanov (deputy to Petrograd Soviet), 56
Rosenberg, William, 53
Rudnev, S. P., 138
Rudnev, V. V., 250
Russian Society of Engineers, 19
Russian Technological Society, 19
Rykov, A. I., 246
Sailors, 107-8, 152, 157, 183-4, 225, 269
Aspirations, 99-100, 107
Constituent Assembly, 280
October Revolution, 238, 244—5, 251,
258, 259—61, 272, 273
Samara, 132, 248
Saratov, 90, 134, 139, 248, 249, 274
Savinkov, Boris, 199, 200, 202
Shalfeev, Colonel M. G., 34
Shliapnikov, Alexander, 26, 36
Siberia, 3, 20, 66, 69, 79, 287
Siberian regionalism, 169
Sidqi, Sirajiddin Makhdum, 87
Simbirsk, 138, 139
Skobelev, Mikhail, 34, 43, 46, 69, 70, 84,
196
Smolensk, 94-5, 113, 125, 135, 191, 219,
258
Socialist League of Young Workers, 124
Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs), 90,
94, 221-2, 256, 279, 296-7, 300
before 1917, 9, 11,26
and Constituent Assembly, 274-5, 276,
278-81, 300
and government, 84, 134, 194, 213-14
July Days, 182-3
Left SRs (see entry)
loss of support 197, 205, 208-11
and nationalities, 146-67 passim
offensive, 174, 177
peasants, 105, 132, 141-3
in political realignment, 66-71, 77-8,
287
in provinces, 95, 249-50, 256-8
Second Congress of Soviets, 239-41,
298
in Soviet leadership, 69-72, 287
women, 119
and workers’ aspirations, 88—98 passim,
197
see also Moderate Socialists;
Revolutionary Defensists; Left SRs;
Ukrainian SRs
Sokolov, N. D., 46
soldatki (soldiers’ wives), 28, 118, 121,
205
soldiers, 8, 55, 74-5, 179-80, 189-90,
215, 282
1914-1916, 13, 17-18, 21, 23, 26, 27,
30
aspirations, 70, 80, 87, 99-109
committees, 103-5, 291
death penalty, 198
demands for peace, 100—3, 178
February Revolution, 31-45 passim, 47,
284-5
July Days, 181-1, 292
Kornilov Affair, 203—1
nationality issues, 152, 157, 158, 159,
161, 164, 258
October Revolution, 235-40, 244-5,
248-53 passim, 297
Offensive, 172-8, 179-80, 292
Order No. 1, 45, 100-1
peace treaty, 254-6, 260
and peasant issues, 103, 128, 138,
141-3, 170, 220
346
Index
soldiers (corn.)
relations with officers, 99, 105-7, 125,
291
and social disorder, 138, 188, 190-1,
219
and soviets, 43-4, 83, 93, 105
and SRs, 9, 209-11
support for radical left, 74-5, 196, 197,
206-12 passim, 223-9 passim, 260-1,
293
support for “soviet power,” 193, 298
and war, 69, 77, 82-3, 101,215
Sovnarkom, 243, 247, 270, 272, 275, 280
Spiridonova, Maria, 69
Stankevich, Vladimir, 69
Stasova, Nadezhda, 118
Steinberg, Issac, 274
Steklov, Iuri, 44, 46, 69, 71
Stockholm Conference, 171-2
Stolypin, Peter, 15-16, 139
Sukhanov, N. N., 46, 69, 71, 75, 80, 124,
170, 182, 229
Suny, Ronald, 158, 164
Tadzhiks, 160
Tallinn (Revel), xi, 108, 158, 159, 263
Tambov, 138, 220
Tashkent, 87, 161-3, 220, 264
Tatars, 145-6, 153, 154, 160-2, 165, 262,
264
Tbilisi, 164, 263
Terek, 169
Tereshchenko, M. I., 54, 59, 75, 88, 110,
152, 172
Thornton Mills, 89
Tikhonov, Peter, 32
trade unions, 55, 92-3, 96-7, 141, 187,
200, 212-14, 247, 275, 285, 294
Trotsky, Leon, 72, 75, 167, 173, 183, 289
Bolshevik debate on power, 222, 225-7,
228-30, 233
Chairman of the Petrograd Soviet, 167,
211,214
October Revolution, 235, 237-47
passim, 272-4, 298-300
Preparliament, 221
and terror, 273, 274, 299
Trudoviks, 26, 75
Tsaritsyn, 196
Tsarskoe Selo, 51, 244
Tsentrobalt, 108
Tsereteli, Irakli, 69, 75, 99, 103, 105
and coalition government, 84-5, 194-5,
213-17,287
description, 66-7, 171
and foreign policy, 69, 80-2, 171-3
leadership of the Petrograd Soviet,
69-71, 209-10
Minister of the Interior, 138-9, 197
and nationalities, 140, 153
and realignment, 273, 274, 299
see also Revolutionary Defensists
Tula, 210
Turkestan, 161-2, 264
Tver, 48, 248
Tyrkova, Ariadna, 116, 118, 309
Ufa, 309
Ugarov, F. A., 229
Ukraine, 3, 151-5, 169, 180, 263
Autonomy, 148-50, 151-5, 168, 180,
263
Central Rada, 145, 148-55 passim,
166-7, 169, 259-60, 263
Identity, 87, 145-6, 151-4
Independence, 147, 263, 265
Jews, 165-7
non-Ukrainian minorities, 154-5
peasants, 127, 139, 145, 152, 154
post-October, 256-7, 259, 263
and Provisional Government, 151-5,
194
Ukrainian regiments, 149, 152, 257
Ukrainian Social Democrats, 152, 153
Ukrainian SRs, 146-7, 151, 155, 257, 278
Ulama, 161-3
Union of Liberation, 12
Union of Soldiers* Wives, 120
Uritsky, M. S., 278
Uzbeks, 160, 162
Vikzhel, 245-7, 253, 257, 261, 263
Viren, Admiral V. N., 107
Vladimir (city), 249
Vladimir Cadet School, 245
Voitinsky, Vladimir, 70, 174
Volunteer Army, 259-60
Volynsky Guard Regiment, 37, 38, 86
Vyazemsky, Prince Boris, 138
Vynnychenko, Volodymyr, 152
War Industries Committees (WIC), 18-20,
22, 25, 43, 46, 59
Wildman, Allan, 177, 261
Williams, Albert Rys, 254
Witte, Sergei, 4
Women, 113-23
aspirations, 114-23 passim
civic activism, 116, 121-3
and economic crisis, 23-4, 114
Index
347
in February Revolution, 28-31, 33, 35
feminist movement, 115-7, 123-4
franchise, 115-16, 124
impact of war on, 114
kadets, 117-18
peasant, 119, 128-9, 131-2
socialist parties and, 116-19
soldiers’ wives (soldatki), 23, 120-2,
205
strikes, 28-31, 119-20
women’s battalions, 122, 233
working class, 119-20
women’s battalions, 122, 233
worker-activists, 6, 95-6
Workers’ Group, 22, 25, 26, 42
workers’ supervision, 91-2, 106, 113, 137,
205, 209, 167-9, 280, 298
working class, 92-3, 99, 154, 156, 168,
286
aspirations, 88-94, 286
before 1917, 5-6, 266, 267-70, 282
cultural and educational activities, 95-6
economic crisis and, 185-8, 216-18,
292
factory committees, 93~^t
in February Revolution, 28-34, 89-93
July Days, 181-5, 292-3
Muslim, 164
Red Guards (see entry)
support for “soviet power,” 219-21,
233, 258-9, 280
zemliachestva, 6, 94, 141
worldwide significance of, 60, 79, 171,
254, 266, 288
youth movements, 124, 282
Zemgor, 18-19, 20,46
Zemliachestva, 6, 94-5, 141
Zemstvos, 2, 18, 48, 55, 220
Zenzinov, Vladimir, 280
Zinoviev, Grigorii, 167, 222, 226, 227, 296
Index
Alekseev, General A. V., 254
Alexander II, 1, 3, 5, 284
Alexander III, 9
Alexandra, Empress, xi, 2, 20-1, 27
Alexandrovich, Peter, 26
Alexis, Tsarevich, 20, 51
“All Power to the Soviets,” 179-80,
206-31, 181-3, 235, 292, 300
All-Russia Conference of Soviets, 77, 82,
101, 171
All-Russia Congress of Peasants’ Deputies,
142, 242, 275
All-Russia Congress of Soviets
First, 21, 66, 71, 79, 148, 179, 213
Second, 196-8, 215, 220-5, 239, 254,
274-6, 279
All-Russia Union of Towns, 18
All-Russia Union of Zemstvos, 18
Anarchists, 72, 75, 108, 143, 178-84, 190,
208-11, 271, 289, 293-6 passim
Antonov-Ovseenko, Vladimir, 238
April Crisis, 82-1, 110, 170, 285, 290, 293
Armenia and Armenians, 163—1, 187, 260,
264
Avksentiev, N. D., 90
Avrich, 210
Azerbaijan, 160—1, 188, 263-4
Bagmen, 188-9
Baku, 163, 169, 216-17
Balk, 31
Baltic Fleet, 107-8, 151, 225, 245, 251,
280, 281
Baltic Germans, 157
Baltic sailors, 107-8, 183, 251
Bashkirs, 264
Bazarov, 66
Bloody Sunday, 12, 24, 28, 38
Bochkareva, Maria, 122
Bolshevik Party, x, 9-11, 58, 65-6, 84,
196, 200, 272, 283
consolidation of power, 270431, 299-300
Constituent Assembly, 53, 258, 272-82
passim, 274-81, 300-1
debate over power, 207, 214, 220-6,
296
economic policies, 265-70
February Revolution, 26, 34, 36, 187
gain support, 193, 197-8, 202-8 passim,
211-12,214,293
as “German agents,” 183-4, 192
government structure, 253, 270-3
July Days, 181^1, 292-3
June demonstration, 179, 181
Aliiitary Organization, 182-3, 206, 262
and nationalities, 149-68 passim* 217,
256-60, 261-5
October Revolution, 227 ^17, 296-8
offensive, 174, 177-8
organization, 206-8
and peasants, 141, 143, 258, 268-9
political program, 73^1, 205-8, 220
in political realignment, 66, 69, 71-5,
282, 284, 295-6
social policies, 265-70
soldiers and sailors, 203, 105, 108, 174,
177-8, 181, 225, 251-2, 260-1
spread of revolution, 247-53, 256-64
and women, 117-19, 120
and workers, 92-8 passim, 187, 211,
218,265-8
and youth, 124
see also Central Committee, Censorship,
Constituent Assembly, Lenin,
Petrograd Soviet
Breshko-Breshkovskaia, Ekaterina, 118
Brest-Litovsk, 174, 255
Broido, Eva, 118
Brusilov, General A. A., 122
Bubnov, Andrei, 225
Buchanan, George, 230
Bukharin, Nikolai, 278
Bund (Jewish Workers’ Union), 70, 166,
240, 271-5, 287, 299
339
340
Index
Censorship, 2, 86, 124, 144
Central Asia see also specific nationalities
Central Committee (Bolshevik), 117, 179,
182, 207, 221-6, 235, 246-7
Central Council of Factory Committees,
268
Central Executive Committee, 71, 142,
213,214, 243, 275, 281
Channon, John, 138
Chechens, 145
Cheka and repressive measures, 270,
273^, 299
Cheremisov, General A. V., 261
Chernov, Victor, 77, 82, 199, 208, 213,
280-1
and peasants, 134, 139
in Provisional Government, 84, 85,
139, 194-5
Chkheidze, Nikolai, 26, 28, 43, 46, 47, 59,
115,211
Clements, Barbara, 117, 119
coalition government, 80, 133, 164, 185,
189,288, 291,292-5
creation of, 78-9, 84, III
criticism of, 73, 103, 179, 188, 194,
205, 208-9
second and third, 212-14
Committee for the Salvation of the
Fatherland, 241, 244
Conference of Working Women, 118
Congress of Soviets of the Northern
Region (CSNR), 224, 225, 296
Conspiracy theories, 192—3
Constituent Assembly, xiii, 70, 85, 90,
103, 113, 125, 133, 140, 199, 205,
255, 268, 280
assumptions about, 47, 53-^1, 274, 276,
277, 280
in Bolshevik debate over power, 221,
223
Bolshevik efforts to evade, 273, 274,
276, 278, 279
Elections, 265, 270, 274-6
meeting and dispersal, 271, 280, 300
nationalities and, 147-53, 155, 156,
160, 163, 263-4, 268, 271
and October Revolution, 232, 240-2,
246, 254
significance of closure, 281, 300-1
and women, 115
Constitutional Democrats (Kadets), 49,
113,208
before 1917, 7, 12, 20, 22
and Constituent Assembly, 278, 279
formation of Provisional Government,
46, 213
middle class and, 110-13
nationalities, 147-69 passim
political beliefs, 57-9, 137, 177
in Provisional Government, 53, 58-9,
84, 194-7
in realignment, 53-60, 78, 84-5
repression of, 273-4, 308
women’s rights, 115-16, 118, 123
Cossacks, 23, 31, 33, 35, 197, 260, 263
Don Cossacks and autonomy, 168-9,
266-7
October Revolution, 229, 233, 244-5,
258-9
Council of People’s Commissars, 270—9,
280, 281
Crime, 110, 170, 191-2,219, 261,292
CSNR (.see Congress of Soviets of the
Northern Region)
Daghestan, 161
Dan, Fedor, 70, 210
Dashnaktsutiun Party, 164
Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of
Russia, 256-7, 264, 266
Democratic Conference, 212, 222, 227,
286
Denikin, General A. I., 230, 255, 261
Donets Basin, 190, 217
Dragomirov, General, 106
Dukhonin, General N. N., 230, 255, 261
Duma (and Duma Committee), 13, 15,
49, 55, 195
February Revolution, 28, 34-6, 42-5,
49-51, 285, 287
formation of Provisional Government,
45-8, 60, 194
Order No. 1, 100-1
World War I, 18-25, 27
Dutov, General A. L, 258
Dybenko, Pavel, 108, 245
Dzenis, Osvald, 235
Dzerzhinsky, Felix, 273
Engelhardt, B. A., 46
Ermansky, O. A., 32
Estonia and Estonians, xii, 144, 157-60,
251, 262-3
factory committees, 141, 218, 267-8
conflict with management, 196, 291
February Revolution, 32, 33, 91
radical support, 210,216
reelections, 197, 210
women and, 117, 119
as workers’ organizations, 90-7, 218
famine, 3, 7
Index
341
February Revolution, 23, 38^42, 44-5,
123, 126, 173, 186, 191, 285, 291
abdication of Nicholas, 50—1
and Constituent Assembly, 276-80
contrast to October, 271, 292-3
Duma, 36, 42-5, 47, 50-2
factory activists, 31—5, 41, 96, 107
formation of Provisional Government,
45-8, 75
leadership, 31-6, 40-1, 71, 76
middle class and, 109-10
nationalities, 144, 151, 156, 160, 161,
170
peasants, 127-43 passim
political realignment, 52-76, 287
Petrograd Soviet, 43-4:, 63—6
and public activism, 23, 28-41 passim,
87-8, 202, 282
socialist parties, 32, 33-6, 43, 48
soldiers and sailors in, 31-5, 37-9,
107-8
spread outside Petrograd, 44-52, 101
workers and strikes, 28-31, 32—5, 88-9,
92-4, 96, 186
women, 23, 28-30, 115-16, 120
February System, 202, 288, 290
collapse, 188, 214
defined, 52, 53, 56, 59, 66
opposition to, 72, 178, 210, 295
and popular aspirations, 98, 122
Figes, Orlando, 283
Finland, 155-7, 182, 184, 220, 221, 262
First Conference of Petrograd Factory
Committees, 97
food supply, 118, 135, 139, 163, 190, 249,
271
February Revolution, 28-44 passim
government policies, 131-3, 141
peasants, 129-331
responses to shortages, 186-90,
216-17,269
women, 119-21
Food Supply Committees, 130, 135, 139
foreign policy, 79-83, 110, 171-4, 197,
290
Free Association for the Development and
Advancement of the Positive Sciences,
123
Free Economic Society, 18
Gap on, Father, 12
Georgia and Georgians, 161, 165, 166-7,
268
Gerliakh and Pulst factory, 187
Germans and Germany, 69, 81, 152-3,
180, 201, 215, 222, 228, 260, 263
Baltic, 157-9
conspiracy, 21, 183-92
Lenin’s trip through, 72
peace, 172^4, 242, 254-5, 281
World War I, 11, 17, 21, 36, 80
Golytsin, Prince, 135
Gots, Abram, 70, 167
Guchkov, Alexander, 18, 19, 20, 21—2, 50,
56, 84, 110
Gurko, General G. I., 22
Gvozdev, K. A., 22, 26
Helsinki, xi, 107, 108, 159, 209, 225, 251.
See also sailors
Hickey, Michael, xiii, 113, 165
Holquist, Peter, 126
Iaroslavsky, E., 192
Industrialization, 4-7, 10, 18
Interdistrictites, 34, 72, 74, 289
Ivanov, General N. I., 44, 50
Jadid, 161-3
Jews, 13, 153-5, 158, 165-8, 192
Jordania, Noi, 263
July Days, 152-3, 170, 181-5, 194r-5,
197-8, 229, 242, 285, 292-3
June demonstrations, 178-9, 181, 190
June Offensive, 173-80
Kadet (see Constitutional Democrats)
Kaledin, General Aleksei, 258-60
Kalinin, Mikhail, 225
Kamenev, Lev, 222, 226-7, 246-7, 296,
298
Kamkov, B. D., 205
Kazakhs and Kazakhistan, 145, 160, 161,
264
Kazan, 120, 121, 145, 200, 209, 248
Keep, John, 133
Kerensky, Alexander, 2, 26, 86, 124, 172,
185, 208
Description, 55, 76—7, 289
Directory and Third Coalition, 213—15,
295
February Revolution, 28, 43, 47, 54,
75-7
Kornilov Affair, 199-204
as Minister-President, 184, 190, 194—6,
213-15
nationalities, 148, 152, 156, 167
October Revolution, 218, 227, 230-1,
233-7, 239, 244-6, 251, 253, 260,
296-8
and offensive, 170, 180, 184
photograph, 54, 62, 175
342
Index
Kerensky, Alexander (cont.)
in political realignment, 59, 75-7, 81,
84, 288
and women, 115, 122
Khabalov, General S. S., 36
Kharkov, xi, 48, 154, 187, 209, 210, 218,
256-8, 260, 263
Kiev, 151—257, 260,263
Kirghiz, 160
Kirpichnikov, Sergeant T. I., 38, 86
Kishkin, Nikolai, 230
Knox, General Alfred, 17
Kokand, 264
Kollontai, Alexandra, 118
Kolonitskii, Boris, xii, 283
Konovalov, A. I., 19, 22, 58, 59, 75, 110,
287, 288
Kornilov, General Lavr, 53, 195, 197, 260,
273
Kornilov Affair, 60, 170, 186, 188, 193,
209,214, 293, 295
post-October, 252, 259
and Provisional Government, 198-204
passim, 212—13
and rise of left, 211, 212-13, 228
Krasnov, General N. P., 244-5, 246, 272
Kronstadt sailors, 107, 108, 183-209. See
also Baltic sailors, sailors
Krupskaia, Nadezhda, 118
Krylenko, Nikolai, 255, 261
Krymov, General A. M., 22, 203
Labor and Light, 124
Land, Decree on, 143, 241-2, 268, 280
Lapinski, Stanislaw, 273
Larin, Iuri, 210, 272
Lashkevich, Captain, 38
Latvia and Latvian, 150, 156, 157-60,
164,251,262, 264
Latvian Riflemen, 159, 262
Latvian Social Democratic Party, 158,
262
Lazimir, Pavel, 228
League for Women’s Equal Rights, 115
Left SRs, 72, 75, 150, 213, 250, 251, 261,
289, 293
Constituent Assembly, 276-81 passim
gains in support, 177, 198, 202, 208-9,
211-13, 289, 295-6
July Days, 181-2
and offensive, 174—80 passim
October Revolution, 226-51 passim, 295
peasants, 141, 275
in political realignment, 74, 75, 213
Red Guards, 142, 275
and socialist coalition government, 223,
226-30, 243-5
soldiers and sailors, 103, 108
in Soviet government, 243-5, 265,
270-5, 298-300
spread of revolution, 250-64 passim
and workers’ aspirations, 92-8 passim,
218
Women, 118
Lena Gold Field Massacre, 16
Lenin, Vladimir, 53, 68, 72^1, 92, 172,
177, 287, 289
April Theses, 72-3
before 1917, 10, 11
and Constituent Assembly, 274-81,
300-1
debate on power, 207-8, 218, 221-31
description, 66
as “German agent,” 72, 192
government structure, 243-7
July Days, 182-^1
Nationalities, 149, 163, 258-65 passim
October Revolution, 232-52 passim,
296- 300
peace treaty, 254-6
in political realignment, 66, 72, 75,
297- 8
workers’ aspirations, 89 passim,
196-7
Liber, Mark, 70
Liberals, 72, 173, 251, 285-90
before 1917, 11, 15, 18, 22
in February Revolution, 36, 42, 45-7
and middle class, 111-13
and nationalities, 149, 157, 158, 166
in political realignment, 57-65 passim,
71, 76-8, 287, 290
and Provisional Government, 47-9
second coalition goverment, 196, 212,
213, 275,288-9
see also Constitutional Democrats
Lih, Lars, 15, 193
Lockhart, Bruce, 22
Lohr, Eric, 144
Lunacharsky, Anatolii, 239, 241, 267
Lvov, Prince G. E., xi, 48, 54, 58, 61,
173
before 1917, 18, 19, 20, 22
in political realignment and coalition
government, 59-60, 76-81, 287-90,
295
resignation, 194
views on government, 55, 60, 155
women’s rights, 115
Lvov, V. N., 125, 203
Index
343
Maapaev, 158, 263
Machine Gun Regiment, 181-2
Main Land Committee, 133-4
Manerov (Soviet deputy), 56
Markov, Sergeant, 38
Martov, Iulii, 10, 72, 74, 210, 239-40, 289
Maslennikov, A. M., 195
Masonic lodges, 19
McAuley, Mary, 193
Menshevik Party, 73-5, 183, 221, 222, 257
after October, 278, 287
before 1917,9-11, 22,26
coalition government, 85, 213-14
February Revolution, 3, 34, 43
in Georgia, 164, 264
loss of support, 196-7, 205, 209, 210,
211-12,214, 249-50
Menshevik-Internationalists (see entry)
and nationalities, 147-69 passim, 257—8,
264
and offensive, 177
and political realignment, 66-72, 75,
78, 288
Second Congress of Soviet, 239-50
passim, 298
In Soviet leadership, 43, 65-72
Vikzhel, 245-47
Women, 118
Workers’ aspirations, 89-99 passim,
196-7
see also Revolutionary Defensists,
Moderate Socialists,
Menshevik-Internationalists
Mezhraiontsy (see Interdistrictites)
middle classes, 96, 109-3, 130, 199, 206,
212, 220, 268, 282, 293
in February Revolution, 31, 34, 35, 49
in minority regions, 157, 158, 164, 263
in new political system, 58, 60, 76, 79
pre-revolutionary, 6-8, 9, 11-12, 13, 14
military cadets, 12, 232, 235, 236, 245
Military Organization, 182, 206, 261
Military Revolutionary Committee
(MRC), 228-38 passim, 249, 250,
257, 261, 297
Miliukov, Paul, 53-4, 124, 172, 194-5,
197
before 1917, 12,20,21
February Revolution, 46-7
and foreign policy, 80-4, 110, 287
in political realignment, 58-60, 77,
80-4, 207
Miliukova, Anna, 118, 120
Mining Institute, 41
Moscow State Conference, 148, 200
Mstislavsky, Sergei, 240
Musavat, 162, 163
Muslims, 26, 86, 148, 160-3
Nabokov, V. D., 55
Natanson, Mark, 72, 208, 289
nationalities (see also specific nationalities)
Nekrasov, Nikolai, 22, 54, 58-60, 75-7,
81, 84, 172, 194, 287-8
Nepinin, Vice-Admiral A. I., 107
New Lessner Factory, 29
Nicholas II, 59, 109, 285, 289
abdication, 50-1
February Revolution, 27, 28, 36, 39,
42-5, 48, 50-1, 100
Revolution of 1905, 13-14
as Ruler, 1,9, 13-15, 114
World War I, 19-22, 36
Nikolaeva, Klavdiia., 118
Novgorod, 216, 220
Obukhov Factory, 209, 280
October Manifesto, 13-14
October Revolution, x, 53, 108, 215, 219,
232-52, 263-8, 197-9
compared to February Revolution, 49,
238, 293
conflict over garrison, 215, 227-8
Land Decree, 143
mobilization of supporters, 227-30
nationalities and, 147, 157, 159, 168,
261-5
in Petrograd, 232-47
and radical left bloc, 209-12
Red Guards, 204, 229, 236
Spread to Moscow and provinces,
247-53
Octobrists, 18-20
Offensive, 102-4, 107, 122, 170, 173-81,
208, 215, 292
Order No. 1, 45, 100-1, 107
Orthodox Church, 124, 125
Pan-Islamists, 161
Panina, Countess Sofia, 116-18
Pankhurst, Emmeline, 122
Pavlovsky Regiment, 38, 105, 235, 238
Peace, Decree on, 242, 254, 260, 261, 267
peace efforts, 69-70, 80-5, 101-2, 170-4,
213, 238, 241-2, 254-6, 292
Peasantry, 127-43 passim
aspirations, 1274-3
before 1917, 3, 6, 102
direct action, 135-9, 142, 149
and February Revolution, 127-9
344
Index
Peasantry ( cont.)
food supply, 131-3
government and, 129-35, 139, 140-2
land redistribution, 133-8, 143, 269
political action, 141-3
and SR party, 9, 141-2
village affairs, 127-31, 139-41, 143
Penza, 136
People’s Will, 9
Peshekhonov, A. A., 34, 70
Petersburg Committee, 182, 199, 206,
222, 224, 225
Petrograd City Council, 211, 240-1
Petrograd Soviet, 61-5, 89, 92, 99, 111,
120-1, 209, 276, 291
authority vis-à-vis government, 55-6,
61-5, 77-80
Bolshevik-led majority, 209, 211-15,
225
and coalition government, 83-5, 288,
290
early leaders, 26, 44, 63-5, 69-71,
83-5, 104, 288, 290
February Revolution, 41, 43-8
formation, 41-4, 286
in formation of Provisional
Government, 46-7, 52, 257
July Days, 181-4, 292-3
Lenin attacks, 72-3
and nationalities, 150, 167
offensive, 106-7, 170, 173-9 passim
October Revolution, 228-30, 232-8
passim, 296—7
Order No. 1, 100
peace policy, 79-83, 170-4, 290
role, 66-7, 79
Plekhanov, G. V., 10
Pirogov Medical Society, 18
political system of 1917
coalition government formed, 83—5
Directory, 213
Kornilov and, 185, 188, 195-204
Provisional Government (see entry)
realignment, 52-5
Second Coalition, 184-5, 193-5
Sovnarkom (see entry)
Third Coalition, 213-14
Polivanov, General A. A., 17, 20
Polkovnikov, General G. R, 228, 244
Populism, 9
Preparliament, 220, 221, 226, 234, 236
Price, Morgan Philips, 66, 216
Progressist Party, 18, 19, 20, 58, 287
Progressive Bloc, 19-22, 25, 36
Protopopov, A. D., 43, 41
Provisional Government, 49, 52-7, 65,
245, 276-8, 280
creation of coalition government, 83-5,
290- 1
and economic crisis, 185-90, 216-20,
291- 2
foreign and war policy, 79-83, 170-9,
290
formation, 22, 46-8, 51, 52, 286-9, 292
July Days, 108, 181-4, 292-3
Kornilov affair, 198-204, 293
leftist criticism of, 71-5, 205, 223, 254,
289
men who became, 18-20
middle class and, 109-13
nationalities, 144—69 (see also specific
nationalties)
October Revolution, 230-41, 245, 249,
257—60, 263, 300
offensive, 173-80
and peasants, 127^13, 269
political authority, 52-7 passim, 194—8
relation with Petrograd Soviet, 46-7,
54-7, 70, 75-9, 83-5
soldiers and, 99-108, 252
successes, 294
Third Coalition, 194-6, 212-14
view of self, 52-5, 58—60
women and, 113-24
workers and, 90, 92, 96-9
Pskov, 51, 220
Public Committees, 49, 55, 167, 286
Pulkovo Heights, 245, 251
Purishkevich, V. M., 21
Putilov, A. I., 195
Putilov Factory, 25, 28, 89, 217
Radek, Karl, 167
Radical left bloc, x, 52, 71-5, 288, 289,
295-6
beliefs, 74—6
gains in support, 198, 204—6, 208-13
July Days, 181, 185,293
and nationalities, 149-50
October Revolution, 234, 239^10,
239-52 passim, 256, 286—7
Offensive, 174, 177-9
see also Bolsheviks; Left SRs;
Menshevik-Internationalists;
Anarchists
Radko-Dmitriev, General, 177
Railway war, 256, 259-60
Rakhia, I., 225
Raleigh, Donald, xiii, 90
Rasputin, Gregory, 20-1, 125, 284, 285
Index
345
Red Guards, 93, 120, 157, 203-4, 217
in October, 225, 227-9, 230
in October Revolution, 233-8, 294-6,
248-50
post-October coercion, 268, 294,
279—82 passim
as workers’ self-assertiveness, 97, 197,
291
Reed, John, 219, 238
Resulzade, Mehmed Emin, 161
Revel, xi, 108, 158, 209 (see also Talllinn)
Revolution of 1905, 3, 7, 11, 12-14, 38,
96, 128, 156
Revolutionary Defensists, x, 66, 77, 167,
169, 293, 294
Coalition government, 84—6, 193,
212-13, 288, 293-4
ideology of, 70-1, 77-82, 287
July Days, 182^, 293
loss of support, 198, 211-12, 213-14,
255, 292
nationalities, 144—69 passim
October Revolution, 241-2, 297
policy on war, 79-83, 170-80, 295
and political realignment, 69-72, 195,
197
and soldiers, 99, 102-5
and workers, 96-9, 295
see also Mensheviks; Socialist
Revolutionaries; Moderate Socialists
Riabtsev, Col. K. I., 230
Riazanov, David, 246
Rodichev, Fedorm, 199
Rodzianko, M. V., 22, 36, 42, 46, 48, 50,
51
Romanov (deputy to Petrograd Soviet), 56
Rosenberg, William, 53
Rudnev, S. P., 138
Rudnev, V. V., 250
Russian Society of Engineers, 19
Russian Technological Society, 19
Rykov, A. I., 246
Sailors, 107-8, 152, 157, 183-4, 225, 269
Aspirations, 99-100, 107
Constituent Assembly, 280
October Revolution, 238, 244—5, 251,
258, 259—61, 272, 273
Samara, 132, 248
Saratov, 90, 134, 139, 248, 249, 274
Savinkov, Boris, 199, 200, 202
Shalfeev, Colonel M. G., 34
Shliapnikov, Alexander, 26, 36
Siberia, 3, 20, 66, 69, 79, 287
Siberian regionalism, 169
Sidqi, Sirajiddin Makhdum, 87
Simbirsk, 138, 139
Skobelev, Mikhail, 34, 43, 46, 69, 70, 84,
196
Smolensk, 94-5, 113, 125, 135, 191, 219,
258
Socialist League of Young Workers, 124
Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs), 90,
94, 221-2, 256, 279, 296-7, 300
before 1917, 9, 11,26
and Constituent Assembly, 274-5, 276,
278-81, 300
and government, 84, 134, 194, 213-14
July Days, 182-3
Left SRs (see entry)
loss of support 197, 205, 208-11
and nationalities, 146-67 passim
offensive, 174, 177
peasants, 105, 132, 141-3
in political realignment, 66-71, 77-8,
287
in provinces, 95, 249-50, 256-8
Second Congress of Soviets, 239-41,
298
in Soviet leadership, 69-72, 287
women, 119
and workers’ aspirations, 88—98 passim,
197
see also Moderate Socialists;
Revolutionary Defensists; Left SRs;
Ukrainian SRs
Sokolov, N. D., 46
soldatki (soldiers’ wives), 28, 118, 121,
205
soldiers, 8, 55, 74-5, 179-80, 189-90,
215, 282
1914-1916, 13, 17-18, 21, 23, 26, 27,
30
aspirations, 70, 80, 87, 99-109
committees, 103-5, 291
death penalty, 198
demands for peace, 100—3, 178
February Revolution, 31-45 passim, 47,
284-5
July Days, 181-1, 292
Kornilov Affair, 203—1
nationality issues, 152, 157, 158, 159,
161, 164, 258
October Revolution, 235-40, 244-5,
248-53 passim, 297
Offensive, 172-8, 179-80, 292
Order No. 1, 45, 100-1
peace treaty, 254-6, 260
and peasant issues, 103, 128, 138,
141-3, 170, 220
346
Index
soldiers (corn.)
relations with officers, 99, 105-7, 125,
291
and social disorder, 138, 188, 190-1,
219
and soviets, 43-4, 83, 93, 105
and SRs, 9, 209-11
support for radical left, 74-5, 196, 197,
206-12 passim, 223-9 passim, 260-1,
293
support for “soviet power,” 193, 298
and war, 69, 77, 82-3, 101,215
Sovnarkom, 243, 247, 270, 272, 275, 280
Spiridonova, Maria, 69
Stankevich, Vladimir, 69
Stasova, Nadezhda, 118
Steinberg, Issac, 274
Steklov, Iuri, 44, 46, 69, 71
Stockholm Conference, 171-2
Stolypin, Peter, 15-16, 139
Sukhanov, N. N., 46, 69, 71, 75, 80, 124,
170, 182, 229
Suny, Ronald, 158, 164
Tadzhiks, 160
Tallinn (Revel), xi, 108, 158, 159, 263
Tambov, 138, 220
Tashkent, 87, 161-3, 220, 264
Tatars, 145-6, 153, 154, 160-2, 165, 262,
264
Tbilisi, 164, 263
Terek, 169
Tereshchenko, M. I., 54, 59, 75, 88, 110,
152, 172
Thornton Mills, 89
Tikhonov, Peter, 32
trade unions, 55, 92-3, 96-7, 141, 187,
200, 212-14, 247, 275, 285, 294
Trotsky, Leon, 72, 75, 167, 173, 183, 289
Bolshevik debate on power, 222, 225-7,
228-30, 233
Chairman of the Petrograd Soviet, 167,
211,214
October Revolution, 235, 237-47
passim, 272-4, 298-300
Preparliament, 221
and terror, 273, 274, 299
Trudoviks, 26, 75
Tsaritsyn, 196
Tsarskoe Selo, 51, 244
Tsentrobalt, 108
Tsereteli, Irakli, 69, 75, 99, 103, 105
and coalition government, 84-5, 194-5,
213-17,287
description, 66-7, 171
and foreign policy, 69, 80-2, 171-3
leadership of the Petrograd Soviet,
69-71, 209-10
Minister of the Interior, 138-9, 197
and nationalities, 140, 153
and realignment, 273, 274, 299
see also Revolutionary Defensists
Tula, 210
Turkestan, 161-2, 264
Tver, 48, 248
Tyrkova, Ariadna, 116, 118, 309
Ufa, 309
Ugarov, F. A., 229
Ukraine, 3, 151-5, 169, 180, 263
Autonomy, 148-50, 151-5, 168, 180,
263
Central Rada, 145, 148-55 passim,
166-7, 169, 259-60, 263
Identity, 87, 145-6, 151-4
Independence, 147, 263, 265
Jews, 165-7
non-Ukrainian minorities, 154-5
peasants, 127, 139, 145, 152, 154
post-October, 256-7, 259, 263
and Provisional Government, 151-5,
194
Ukrainian regiments, 149, 152, 257
Ukrainian Social Democrats, 152, 153
Ukrainian SRs, 146-7, 151, 155, 257, 278
Ulama, 161-3
Union of Liberation, 12
Union of Soldiers* Wives, 120
Uritsky, M. S., 278
Uzbeks, 160, 162
Vikzhel, 245-7, 253, 257, 261, 263
Viren, Admiral V. N., 107
Vladimir (city), 249
Vladimir Cadet School, 245
Voitinsky, Vladimir, 70, 174
Volunteer Army, 259-60
Volynsky Guard Regiment, 37, 38, 86
Vyazemsky, Prince Boris, 138
Vynnychenko, Volodymyr, 152
War Industries Committees (WIC), 18-20,
22, 25, 43, 46, 59
Wildman, Allan, 177, 261
Williams, Albert Rys, 254
Witte, Sergei, 4
Women, 113-23
aspirations, 114-23 passim
civic activism, 116, 121-3
and economic crisis, 23-4, 114
Index
347
in February Revolution, 28-31, 33, 35
feminist movement, 115-7, 123-4
franchise, 115-16, 124
impact of war on, 114
kadets, 117-18
peasant, 119, 128-9, 131-2
socialist parties and, 116-19
soldiers’ wives (soldatki), 23, 120-2,
205
strikes, 28-31, 119-20
women’s battalions, 122, 233
working class, 119-20
women’s battalions, 122, 233
worker-activists, 6, 95-6
Workers’ Group, 22, 25, 26, 42
workers’ supervision, 91-2, 106, 113, 137,
205, 209, 167-9, 280, 298
working class, 92-3, 99, 154, 156, 168,
286
aspirations, 88-94, 286
before 1917, 5-6, 266, 267-70, 282
cultural and educational activities, 95-6
economic crisis and, 185-8, 216-18,
292
factory committees, 93~^t
in February Revolution, 28-34, 89-93
July Days, 181-5, 292-3
Muslim, 164
Red Guards (see entry)
support for “soviet power,” 219-21,
233, 258-9, 280
zemliachestva, 6, 94, 141
worldwide significance of, 60, 79, 171,
254, 266, 288
youth movements, 124, 282
Zemgor, 18-19, 20,46
Zemliachestva, 6, 94-5, 141
Zemstvos, 2, 18, 48, 55, 220
Zenzinov, Vladimir, 280
Zinoviev, Grigorii, 167, 222, 226, 227, 296
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Wade, Rex A. 1936- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)136382630 |
| author_facet | Wade, Rex A. 1936- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Wade, Rex A. 1936- |
| author_variant | r a w ra raw |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044512340 |
| classification_rvk | KK 1040 NQ 5070 |
| contents | The coming of the revolution -- The February Revolution -- Political realignment and the new political system -- The aspirations of Russian society -- The peasants and the purposes of revolution -- The nationalities: identity and opportunity -- The summer of discontents -- All power to the Soviets -- The Bolsheviks take power -- The Constituent Assembly and the purposes of power -- Conclusions |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1011365508 (DE-599)BVBBV044512340 |
| discipline | Geschichte Slavistik |
| edition | Third edition |
| format | Book |
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Wade, George Mason University, Virginia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Third edition</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Cambridge</subfield><subfield code="b">Cambridge University Press</subfield><subfield code="c">2017</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xvii, 347 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="b">Illustrationen, Karten</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">New approaches to European History</subfield><subfield code="v">53</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The coming of the revolution -- The February Revolution -- Political realignment and the new political system -- The aspirations of Russian society -- The peasants and the purposes of revolution -- The nationalities: identity and opportunity -- The summer of discontents -- All power to the Soviets -- The Bolsheviks take power -- The Constituent Assembly and the purposes of power -- Conclusions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Rex A. Wade presents an essential overview of the Russian Revolution from its beginning in February 1917, through the numerous political crises under Kerensky, to the victory of Lenin and the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution. This thoroughly revised and expanded third edition introduces students to new approaches to the Revolution's political history and clears away many of the myths and misconceptions that have clouded studies of the period. It also gives due space to the social history of the Revolution, incorporating people and places too often left out of the story, including women, national minority peoples, peasantry, and front soldiers. The third edition has been updated to include new scholarship on topics such as the coming of the Revolution and the beginning of Bolshevik rule, as well as the Revolution's cultural context. 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| geographic | Sowjetunion Soviet Union / History / Revolution, 1917-1921 |
| geographic_facet | Sowjetunion Soviet Union / History / Revolution, 1917-1921 |
| id | DE-604.BV044512340 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:54:37Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781107571259 9781107130326 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029912097 |
| oclc_num | 1011365508 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-11 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-12 |
| physical | xvii, 347 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| psigel | BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series | New approaches to European History |
| series2 | New approaches to European History |
| spelling | Wade, Rex A. 1936- (DE-588)136382630 aut The Russian Revolution, 1917 Rex A. Wade, George Mason University, Virginia Third edition Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2017 xvii, 347 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier New approaches to European History 53 The coming of the revolution -- The February Revolution -- Political realignment and the new political system -- The aspirations of Russian society -- The peasants and the purposes of revolution -- The nationalities: identity and opportunity -- The summer of discontents -- All power to the Soviets -- The Bolsheviks take power -- The Constituent Assembly and the purposes of power -- Conclusions Rex A. Wade presents an essential overview of the Russian Revolution from its beginning in February 1917, through the numerous political crises under Kerensky, to the victory of Lenin and the Bolsheviks in the October Revolution. This thoroughly revised and expanded third edition introduces students to new approaches to the Revolution's political history and clears away many of the myths and misconceptions that have clouded studies of the period. It also gives due space to the social history of the Revolution, incorporating people and places too often left out of the story, including women, national minority peoples, peasantry, and front soldiers. The third edition has been updated to include new scholarship on topics such as the coming of the Revolution and the beginning of Bolshevik rule, as well as the Revolution's cultural context. This highly readable book is an invaluable guide to one of the most important events of modern history Text englisch Geschichte Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd rswk-swf Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion Soviet Union / History / Revolution, 1917-1921 Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 s Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-316-41789-8 New approaches to European History 53 (DE-604)BV008939056 53 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029912097&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029912097&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029912097&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Wade, Rex A. 1936- The Russian Revolution, 1917 New approaches to European History The coming of the revolution -- The February Revolution -- Political realignment and the new political system -- The aspirations of Russian society -- The peasants and the purposes of revolution -- The nationalities: identity and opportunity -- The summer of discontents -- All power to the Soviets -- The Bolsheviks take power -- The Constituent Assembly and the purposes of power -- Conclusions Geschichte Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043429-1 (DE-588)4153812-2 |
| title | The Russian Revolution, 1917 |
| title_auth | The Russian Revolution, 1917 |
| title_exact_search | The Russian Revolution, 1917 |
| title_full | The Russian Revolution, 1917 Rex A. Wade, George Mason University, Virginia |
| title_fullStr | The Russian Revolution, 1917 Rex A. Wade, George Mason University, Virginia |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Russian Revolution, 1917 Rex A. Wade, George Mason University, Virginia |
| title_short | The Russian Revolution, 1917 |
| title_sort | the russian revolution 1917 |
| topic | Geschichte Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd Februarrevolution 1917 (DE-588)4153812-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geschichte Oktoberrevolution Februarrevolution 1917 Sowjetunion Soviet Union / History / Revolution, 1917-1921 |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029912097&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029912097&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029912097&sequence=000005&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV008939056 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT waderexa therussianrevolution1917 |