Observation and experiment: an introduction to causal inference
We hear that a glass of red wine prolongs life, that alcohol is a carcinogen, that pregnant women should drink not a drop of alcohol. Major medical journals first claimed that hormone replacement therapy reduces the risk of heart disease, then reversed themselves and said it increases the risk of he...
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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Cambridge, Massachusetts ; London, England
Harvard University Press
2017
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | We hear that a glass of red wine prolongs life, that alcohol is a carcinogen, that pregnant women should drink not a drop of alcohol. Major medical journals first claimed that hormone replacement therapy reduces the risk of heart disease, then reversed themselves and said it increases the risk of heart disease. What are the effects caused by consuming alcohol or by receiving hormone replacement therapy? These are causal questions, questions about the effects caused by treatments, policies or preventable exposures. Some causal questions can be studied in randomized trials, in which a coin is flipped to decide the treatment for the next experimental subject. Because randomized trials are not always practical, nor always ethical, many causal questions are investigated in non-randomized observational studies. The reversal of opinion about hormone replacement therapy occurred when a randomized clinical trial contradicted a series of earlier observational studies. Using minimal mathematics - high school algebra and coin flips ... and numerous examples, Observation and Experiment explains the key concepts and methods of causal inference. Examples of randomized experiments and observational studies are drawn from clinical medicine, economics, public health and epidemiology, clinical psychology and psychiatry.... |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | xvi, 374 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9780674975576 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | OBSERVATION AND EXPERIMENT
/ ROSENBAUM, PAUL R.YYEAUTHOR
: 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
PART I. RANDOMIZED EXPERIMENTS: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL
STRUCTURE
CAUSAL INFERENCE IN RANDOMIZED EXPERIMENTS
IRRATIONALITY AND POLIO
PART II. OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES: BETWEEN OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES AND
EXPERIMENTS
NATURAL EXPERIMENTS
ELABORATE THEORIES
QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL DEVICES
SENSITIVITY TO BIAS
DESIGN SENSITIVITY
MATCHING TECHNIQUES
BIASES FROM GENERAL DISPOSITIONS
INSTRUMENTS
CONCLUSION
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
CONTENTS
Preface vii
Reading Options xi
List of Examples xv
Part I. Randomized Experiments
1. A Randomized Trial 3
2. Structure 16
3. Causal Inference in Randomized Experiments 30
4. Irrationality and Polio 53
Part II. Observational Studies
5. Between Observational Studies and Experiments 65
6. Natural Experiments 100
71 Elaborate Theories 118
vi
CONTENTS
8. Quasi-experimental Devices 142
9. Sensitivity to Bias 170
10. Design Sensitivity 194
11. Matching Techniques 212
12. Biases from General Dispositions 234
13. Instruments 258
14. Conclusion 279
Appendix: Bibliographic Remarks 283
Notes 285
Glossary: Notation and Technical Terms 345
Suggestions for Further Reading 353
Acknowledgments 355
Index 357
|
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| spelling | Rosenbaum, Paul R. Verfasser (DE-588)113862539 aut Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference Paul R. Rosenbaum Cambridge, Massachusetts ; London, England Harvard University Press 2017 xvi, 374 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index We hear that a glass of red wine prolongs life, that alcohol is a carcinogen, that pregnant women should drink not a drop of alcohol. Major medical journals first claimed that hormone replacement therapy reduces the risk of heart disease, then reversed themselves and said it increases the risk of heart disease. What are the effects caused by consuming alcohol or by receiving hormone replacement therapy? These are causal questions, questions about the effects caused by treatments, policies or preventable exposures. Some causal questions can be studied in randomized trials, in which a coin is flipped to decide the treatment for the next experimental subject. Because randomized trials are not always practical, nor always ethical, many causal questions are investigated in non-randomized observational studies. The reversal of opinion about hormone replacement therapy occurred when a randomized clinical trial contradicted a series of earlier observational studies. Using minimal mathematics - high school algebra and coin flips ... and numerous examples, Observation and Experiment explains the key concepts and methods of causal inference. Examples of randomized experiments and observational studies are drawn from clinical medicine, economics, public health and epidemiology, clinical psychology and psychiatry.... Naturwissenschaft Science Experiments Observation (Scientific method) Inference Probabilities Klinisches Experiment (DE-588)4164223-5 gnd rswk-swf Medizin (DE-588)4038243-6 gnd rswk-swf Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd rswk-swf Schlussfolgern (DE-588)4251178-1 gnd rswk-swf Medizin (DE-588)4038243-6 s Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 s Klinisches Experiment (DE-588)4164223-5 s Schlussfolgern (DE-588)4251178-1 s DE-604 LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029832835&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029832835&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Rosenbaum, Paul R. Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference Naturwissenschaft Science Experiments Observation (Scientific method) Inference Probabilities Klinisches Experiment (DE-588)4164223-5 gnd Medizin (DE-588)4038243-6 gnd Forschung (DE-588)4017894-8 gnd Schlussfolgern (DE-588)4251178-1 gnd |
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| title | Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference |
| title_auth | Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference |
| title_exact_search | Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference |
| title_full | Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference Paul R. Rosenbaum |
| title_fullStr | Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference Paul R. Rosenbaum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference Paul R. Rosenbaum |
| title_short | Observation and experiment |
| title_sort | observation and experiment an introduction to causal inference |
| title_sub | an introduction to causal inference |
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