Civil society revisited: lessons from Poland
In much social scientific literature, Polish civil society is all too often caricatured as weak and passive. This volume offers a much-needed corrective, challenging this characterization on both theoretical and empirical grounds. Focusing on forms of collective action that researchers too often ign...
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
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New York ; Oxford
Berghahn
2017
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| Schriftenreihe: | Studies on civil society
volume 9 |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | In much social scientific literature, Polish civil society is all too often caricatured as weak and passive. This volume offers a much-needed corrective, challenging this characterization on both theoretical and empirical grounds. Focusing on forms of collective action that researchers too often ignore due to their theoretical and methodological blind spots, the studies gathered here show how certain forms of activism and claims are legitimized in public discourse as representing civil society proper, while others are unfairly dismissed. Taken together, they constitute a powerful critique of a model of civil society that is 'made from above' by elites, media, and public institutions |
| Beschreibung: | xi, 339 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781785335518 |
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| 490 | 1 | |a Studies on civil society |v volume 9 | |
| 520 | 3 | |a In much social scientific literature, Polish civil society is all too often caricatured as weak and passive. This volume offers a much-needed corrective, challenging this characterization on both theoretical and empirical grounds. Focusing on forms of collective action that researchers too often ignore due to their theoretical and methodological blind spots, the studies gathered here show how certain forms of activism and claims are legitimized in public discourse as representing civil society proper, while others are unfairly dismissed. Taken together, they constitute a powerful critique of a model of civil society that is 'made from above' by elites, media, and public institutions | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
Lis t of Ta bies and Figu res vii
Preface viii
Introduction: Rethinking Polish Civil Society 1
Kerstin Jacobsson and Elżbieta Korolczuk
Part I. Civil Society in Contemporary Poland: Myths and Realities
Chapter 1 Civil Society in Postcommunist Europe: Poland in a
Comparative Perspective 39
Grzegorz Ekiert and Jan Kubik
Chapter 2 (Mis)understanding Social Activism in Poland 63
Anna Giza-Poleszczuk
Chapter 3 Rethinking Civic Privatism in a Postsocialist Context:
Individualism and Personalization in Polish Civil
Society Organizations 81
Kerstin Jacobsson
Chapter 4 Defining In/Defining Out: Civil Society through
the Lens of Elite NGOs 105
Katarzyna Jezierska
Part IL (De)legitimization of Civic Activism:
New Actors and Marginalized Groups
Chapter 5 When Parents Become Activists: Exploring the
Intersection of Civil Society and Family 129
Elżbieta Korolczuk
vi · Contents
Chapter 6
Chapter 7
Chapter 8
Part III.
Chapter 9
Chapter 10
Chapter 11
Index
On the Disappearing Mother: Political Motherhood,
Citizenship, and Neoliberalism in Poland
Renata Ewa Hryciuk
Marginalizing Discourses and Activists7 Strategies in
Collective Identity Formation: The Case of the Polish
Tenants Movement
Dominika V. Polańska
Voice and Insecurity: Political Participation Among
Members of the Precariat
Anna Kiersztyn
Civil Society Making: Between the Past and the Present
Between Tradition and Modernity: The Case of
Rural Women s Organizations in Poland
Ilona Matysiak
Ethnic Bonding and Homing Desires: The Polish
Diaspora and Civil Society Making
Gabriella Elgenius
Mobilizing on the Extreme Right in Poland:
Marginalization, Institutionalization, and
Radicalization
Daniel Płatek and Piotr Plucienniczak
Conclusion: Empirical and Theoretical Lessons
from the Volume
Kerstin Jacobsson and Elżbieta Korolczuk
153
176
200
231
257
286
314
325
Index
A
abortion, 133
action logics: in the domestic sphere,
91-95; from the market sphere,
87-91
activism, 257. See also social activism;
AIDs, 180; case studies, 131—34;
civic, 216; collective identity
formation, 176-96; in families,
129-47; forms of, 7, 19; informal,
8; LGBT communities, 321 (See
also LGBT communities); local,
7; migrants, 259-60; motherhood
(See motherhood (political));
participatory, 9; practical and
strategic interests in, 142-46;
relationships between families
and civil society, 134-38;
self-help, 177; transactional,
9; transgressing private/public
divide, 138-42; types of, 10
Act of Law, 235
Act on Public Benefit and Volunteer
Work (2003), 16, 87
Act on Socioprofessional Organization
of Farmers of 1982, 239
Act on the Protection of Tenants’
Rights of 2001, 176, 177
actors, 120; extreme right (See
extreme right, mobilization of);
mobilization of in collective
action, 181
age studies, 200
agriculture, 236
“A Guide to increased Rents,” 184
AIDs activists, 180
Albania, 41,45
Alimonaries, 153, 161, 165
Alimony Fund (AF), 11, 132,
134, 141, 143, 144, 146, 153;
abolishment of, 157, 159;
criticism of, 168; Single Mothers
for the Alimony Fund Movement,
154, 158, 160, 161, 163, 164, 168
All-Poland Trade Union of Nurses and
Mid wives, 17, 19
All-Polish Youth (Młodzież
Wszechpolska [MW]), 300, 301,
302, 304, 305
amoral familism, 130
Andrews, Kenneth, 300
Anglo-Saxon traditions, 70
Animal Protection Act, 96
animal rights, 83, 87, 93, 100, 101
animal welfare organizations, 83, 86,
90, 91
anti-citizens, 72
anti-communist narrations, 263
Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement
(ACTA), 17,69
anti-democratic authoritarianism, 289
anti-government protests, x
antipolitical politics, 105
anti-Semitism, 291
Arato, Andrew, 130
Armenia, 8,318
associationism (local), 12, 237
Association of Creative Women, 247
Association of Farmers, Farming
Groups and Organizations
(Związek Rolników, Kółek i
Organizacji Rolniczych), 240, 241,
247
326 · Index
Association of Rural Women
(Stowarzyszenie Kobiet Wiejskich
“Gospodyni”), 241
Association of Socialist Youth, 73
associations, 43, 81
authoritarianism, 39, 41, 45, 56, 289
authority, women and, 156
autonomy, 89
auto-stereotypes, 63
B
Baltic states, 42
Banach, Joanna, 163
Batory Foundation, 110, 112
behavior, postcommunist civil
societies, 51—53
Belarus, 45, 47, 50, 56
benefits, 49
Biały Kamień district, 165
Birth in a Dignified Way Foundation,
139,144
Black Monday, ix
Black Protests, ix
Bosnia, 318
boundary work, 189
bourgeois [economic citizen), 83, 85,
89, 100
Bratkowski, Andrzej, 184
The British Poles Initiative [2015), 270
Bryl, Ernest, 64
Brzeska, Jolanta, 187, 189
Bulgaria, 8, 45, 54, 108, 262, 318
Bulldozer Revolution [Serbia, 2000),
53
Bush, George W., 63
business startups, 87, 90
C
Cameron, David, 261
capitalism, 89, 318
Catholic Church [Polish), 42, 154,
235, 244, 261, 286, 290, 298;
influence of, 278; Polish Catholic
Mission, 265
Central and Eastern European [CEE)
region, 108, 109, 110
Central Asia, 53
Central Europe, 6, 10, 40, 44, 47, 65,
105, viii; activism, 131; family
activism, 136; Trust for Civil
Society, 66
Centre for Public Opinion Research
[CBOS), ix
charismatic leadership, 92, 94
charities, 43, 44
Charkiewicz, Ewa, 165
Childbirth with Dignity Foundation
(Rodzic po ludzku), 132
children. See also families: healthcare
for, 162; parents as activists,
129-47
Children’s Day, 244
Children’s Rights’ Ombudsman, 159
Cieplik, Daria, 161
Citizens Committees, 71
citizenship, 130; motherhood
[political), 153—69
citoyen [political citizen), 83, 85
City Poles, 277
civic activism, 81, 216, viii; activism
(See activism)
civic engagement, 14
Civic Initiatives Fund (Fundusz
Inicjatyw Obywatelskich), 16
Civic Institute, 110
Civic Platform (Platforma Obywatelska
[PO]), 129, 134, 307
civic privatism, 81-101; concept
of, 84—86; expressions and
forms, 86-95; markets, 94-100;
postsocialist legacies, 94—100
civic relationships, 92
civic rights, 69
CIVIGUS Civil Society Index, 111
CIVICUS guidebook, 117
Civil Development Forum, 110, 116
civil rights, 40
civil society: activism in families,
129—47; civic privatism, 81-101
(See also civic privatism); as a
collective action, 315; concept
of, 1,2-6, 65, 234-36, 236-38;
contemporary, 12-1 7; as control
on power, 116-19; formations of,
Index · 327
155; functions of, 120; growth of,
56; identifying frames, 110—19;
as a moral blueprint, 114-16; in
Poland, 64; in postcommunist
Europe, 39-57 (See also
postcommunist civil societies);
postsocialist, 6-12; rebirth of,
105; relationships between
families and, 134—38; rethinking,
1-25, 1 7—22; rural, 238; in Russia,
47; Solidarity and, 64; third
sector [old and new), 70-72; as
third sector, 111-14; through lens
of elite NGOs, 105-21; traps,
114; weakness of, 66-70
Civil Society and Poliucal Theory, 130
Civil Society Index, 67
civil society organizations [CSOs), 3,
50
civil space (Polish), 257, 262-71, 275
class positions, 11, 13, 140, 143, 147,
153, 164, 168
Coalition for Animals (Koalicja dla
Zwierząt), 94
Cohen, Jean, 130
Cold War, 257, 266
collaboration, 5, 93, 94; non-
governmental organizations
[NGOs), 113
collective action, civil society as a,
315
collective identity formation, 176-96;
Polish tenants movement, 179—
81; strategies, 187-94; tenants in
the media, 182-87; theoretical
framework of, 180-83
color revolutions, 45, 53
Committee for the Defence of
Democracy (Komitet Obrony
Demokracji), 321, 322, ix
Committee for the Defence of
Tenants, 179
communes, rural women s
organizations, 233
communism: collapse of, 39, 42, 110;
institutional form of, 42
Communist Party, 42, 235, 239
community action (czyn społeczny), 71
community worker (społecznik), 74
Confederation of Independent Poland
(Konfederacja Polski Niepodległej
[KPN]), 297
Conference of Female Village
Representatives (2005), 233-34
conflicts, 50, 93
confrontational actions, 295, 308
Congress of Urban Movements in
Poland, 8, 19
Congress of Women Association, 17, 19
conservative organizations, 286
conservative parental movements, 319
Constitution (1997), 44
Constitutional Tribunal, vii, xi
consumerism, political, 205
container neighborhoods, 185, 186.
See also tenants movement
contention, measuring levels of] 51.
See also protests
contentious reformism, 53
conventional actions, 295
Corpus Christi celebrations, 244
corruption, 53, 192
Council of Europe Convention, 133
Craske, Nikki, 156
CSOs (Civil Society Organizations),
67
Czechoslovakia, 41,42, 44, 130
Czech Republic, 44, 45, 46, 50
czyn społeczny (community action), 71
D
Dąbrowska, Irena, 161
Dagnino, Evelina, 114
Dahrendorf, Ralf, 39, 40
de-agrarization of employment, 236
debates, 131
decentralization of organizational
structures, 50
deficient citizenship, 130
defining in/defining out concepts,
105-21
demobilization, 69
democracy, 12, 55, 64, 154, 234, 317,
318, viii; emerging, 39; in Europe,
w O
i nutrx
45; possibility of, 64; radical
democratic perspectives, 119-21;
skills, 67; weakness of, 66
Democratic Left Alliance (Sojusz
Lewicy Demokratycznej [SLD]),
297
Democratic Union (Unia
Demokratyczna), 297
demographics, 209
demonstrative actions, 295
de-Stalinization, 235, 261
diaspora (Polish], 257—79; civil space
(Polish], 262—71; ethnic bonding
vs. ethnic solidarity, 271—79;
migrant activism, 259-60;
migration to United Kingdom,
260-62
discrimination, 24, 238, 250; homing
desires, 269—71; women, 251, 262
discursive structures, 106
dissidents: activities, 136; groups, 4
District Association of Women, 246
diversity, 45
Division of Labour, 224
divorce, 133
documentation, 48
domestic sphere, action logics in the,
91-95
domestic violence, 133, 251
dominant normative orientation, 53-54
donations, 75
downturns, economic, 55
Durkheim, E., 224
działacz społeczny (social activist], 71,
74
Dziennik, 116
Dziewuchy Dziewuchom (Gals to
Gals], ix, 322
E
East Central Europe, 39, 48, 49
Eastern Europe, 10, 65, 105, viii;
activism, 131; family activism,
136; Trust for Civil Society, 66
East Germany, 41
Eatwell, Roger, 289
economic citizen (bourgeois), 83, 85,
89, 100 economic downturns, 55
The Economist, 63
education, 15, 209, 219, 223
Edwards, Bob, 117, 300
EES (European Social Survey), 96
efficiency, 88
Einhorn, Barbara, 114
Ekiert, Grzegorz, 39-57
Elas, Marta, 162
Elbanowski, Tomasz, 129
Elbanowska, Karolina, 129, 138, 139
empirical lessons, 314-22
employment, 201; de-agrarization
of, 236; nonstandard, 201 ;
precarious, 204, 207—8, 219;
precarity and participation,
210-15; security, 204; self-
employment, 207; temporary,
208; unstable, 203
engagement, 258; civic, 3, 5, 14; civil
space (of migrant engagement),
257; diaspora (Polish), 262—71;
lack of, 14; social, 13, 15, 17;
Solidarity, 261; stimulus of, 16
enterprise, spirit of, 87-91
entrepreneurs, 88, 99
Estonia, 46, 54
ethnic bonding, 257-79; civil space
(Polish), 262-71; vs. ethnic
solidarity, 271—79; migrant
activism, 259—60; migration to
United Kingdom, 260-62
ethnic minorities, 296
Eurasia, 46, 48
EuroMayDay parades, 203
Europe: democracy in, 45;
postcommunist, 39—57 (See also
postcommunist civil societies) ;
women in, 155
European National Front, 305
European Social Survey (ESS), 26,
205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210,
211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 217,
218, 219, 220, 221, 222
European Union (EU), 6, 40, 56,
200, 304, viii; admittance to,
Index · 329
159, 234; integration with, 300;
membership in, 247, 248, 279;
requirements to join, 158; World
Bank Governance Index, 46
exile organizations, 263—65
expansion of postcommunist civil
societies, 41-45
expressions of civic privatism, 86—95
expressive actions, 295
external others, 192
extreme right, mobilization of, 286-
309; date and research methods,
294—96; defining the extreme
right, 289—91; institutional phase
[2000-2005), 300-304; phase
of marginalization [1989-1999],
296-300; phase of radicalization
[2006-2013], 304-7; theoretical
explanations of, 291 -94
F
Facebook, 20, ix, viii, x
familial-vocational privatism, 84. See
also civic privatism
families: activism in, 129-47; case
studies, 132—34; practical and
strategic interests in activism,
142—46; relationships between
civil society and, 134-38;
transgressing private/public
divide, 138-42
family friendly social policies, 133
farmers organizations (kolka rolnicze),
238
farms, small family, 236
fathers, 144, 164. See also families;
motherhood (political)
Fathers’ Rights Movement, 144
The Federation of Poles, 267
feminism, 4, 20, 159
Ferdinand Lassalle Centre for Social
Thought, 110, 118
fire brigades, 10, 44, 81; Volunteer Fire
Brigades, 218; volunteering, 70
Foley, Michael, 117
folklore festivals, 246
folk sports associations, 66
Fordism, 204
foreign aid, 236
foreigners code, 296
forms of civic privatism, 86—95
the Mother and Father Foundation
(.Fundacja Mamy i Taty), 133,
139,140
foundations, 43, 81, 237
fragmentation of organizational
structures, 50
frames: identifying, 106, 110—19;
spread by elite NGOs, 107
France, 142
Frank, Thomas, 291
free choice, 145
freedom, 234
Freedom House, 46, 48
free markets, 64
Fundacja MaMa (MaMa Foundation),
132,134,138,144
Fundacja Mamy i Taty (the Mother
and Father Foundation), 133,
139, 140
Fundacja Rzecznik Praw Rodziców
(Parents’ Rights Ombudsperson
Foundation), 129, 133, 138, 143,
145
fundamentalist Catholicism, 292. See
also Catholic Church (Polish)
funding, non-governmental
organizations (NGOs), 119
Fundusz Inicjatyw Obywatelskich
(Civic Initiatives Fund), 16
fundusz solecki (village fund), 21
G
Galicia, 12
Gals to Gals (Dziewuchy
Dziewuchom), 322
Gazeta Prawna, 118
Gazeta Wyborcza, 67, 178, 182, 187,
295
Gdańsk Shipyard, 12
gender, 11, 12, 23-25,68, 122f,
137-39, 153, 166, 180, 205, 209,
212,278, 290,317,318,320
consciousness, 157; equality, 17,
330 · Index
130; identity, 140; mobilizations,
319; roles, 141, 156; studies, 200
“gender ideology”, 19
Gentile, Peter, 304
Georgia, Rose Revolution (2003), 53
Germany, 142; neo-Nazism, 298 (See
also neo-Nazism); sentiments
toward, 297
Ginsborg, Paul, 135, 136
Gliński, Piotr, 42, 64, 66, 82, 86, 88,
90, 94, 96, 98, 100, 101, 130,
131, 135, 178, 196, 262
globalization, 12
Global Survey of the State of Civil
Society, 82
Godność i Rodzina, 160
The Golden Chain: Family, Civil
Society and the State, 136
government policies, modernizing,
155
Graff, Agnieszka, 67, 142, 305
grants, non-governmental
organizations (NGOs), 72
grassroots: activism, ix, x, 6, 10, 13.
(See also activism) ; initiatives, 3,
5, 17, viii; mobilizations (See also
mobilizations), 17, 111, 153, 316
(See also motherhood [political])
Greater Poland, 12
Great Orchestra of Christmas Charity
(WOŚP), 75
Greece, 46
Green Institute, 110
Greskovits, Bela, 57
grievance theory, 291
growth of civil society, 56
H
hate speech, 287
Hausner’s Austerity Plan, 158
Havel, Václav, 115
health, 47; problems (based on
underemployment), 203
healthcare systems, 139; for children,
162
hegemonies, 106, 107, 112, 135;
and motherhood, 154 (See also
motherhood (political))
Herzegovina, 318
historical processes, 12
HIV/AIDS status, 180
homelessness, 176
homing desires, 257—59; civil space
(Polish), 262—71; discrimination,
269—71; ethnic bonding vs. ethnic
solidarity, 271-79; maintenance,
266; migrant activism, 259-60;
migration to United Kingdom,
260—62; rejuvenation, 266-69
homosexuality, 133, 180, 278, 305
homo sovieticus syndrome, 72, 168
hospitality, 63
household incomes, 209
Hungary, 41,42, 44, 45, 49, 54, 108
hunger marches, 157
hybrid regimes, 45
I
identity, 140; collective identity
formation, 176—96 (See also
collective identity formation)
ideologies, 11, 57, 140, 305, 317;
extreme right (See extreme right,
mobilization of); gender, 19;
neoliberalism (See neoliberalism)
illiberalism, 18
imperfect civil societies, 6, 7, 42
incomes, 219; household, 209;
relationship to activism, 222
Independent Mothers, 162
Independent Self-governing Trade
Union Solidarity (Niezależny
Samorządny Związek Zawodowy
Solidarność), 12
Indignants movement, 203
individualism, 81-101; action logics
from the market sphere, 87-91
inequalities, 201
informal activism, 8; groups, 6, 16,
20, 50, 67, 9, 237; mobilizations,
177, 201, 237, 315; networks,
103, 106
Index · 331
informality, 6, 91-95
infrastructure, social, 236
inheritance, postcommunist: legacy,
4, 5, 12, 13, 41, 76, 95, 97, 224;
postcommunist civil societies,
41-45
ink tanks, 109
insecurity (political participation),
200-224; control variables,
209-10; data and variables,
205—10; employment precarity
and, 210-15; literature review,
202-5; state of, 222-24; venues,
215-22
Instagram, x
The Institute of Public Affairs
(Instytut Spraw Publicznych) ,110,
112,113,115
institutionalization, 286, 293; phase of
(2000-2005), 300-304
instrumentality, 140
interest groups, 41
internal others, 189
internal societal orientalization, 11
international politics code, 296
International Third Position, 305
invisibilization, 19; rendering, 77
Islam, 18
isolation, 100
Italy, 46
Iwaniec, Renata, 159
J
Jagiellonian University, 286
Janda, Krystyna, 64
Jaquette, Jane, 155
The John Hopkins Global Givil Society
Index, 111
K
Kazakhstan, 45
Kennedy, John F, 64
Kertzer, David, 40
Klandermans, Bert, 140
Klon/Jawor Association, 83, 240
Koalicja dla Zwierząt (Coalition for
Animals), 94
Kocka, Jürgen, 135
Kota Gospodyń Wiejskich. See rural
women s organizations
kółka rolnicze (farmers organizations),
238
Komitet Obrony Demokracji, KOD
(Committee for the Defence of
Democracy), 321, 322, ix, viii, x
Konfederacja Polski Niepodległej, KPN
(Confederation of Independent
Poland), 297
Koopmans, Ruud, 291, 292, 293
Kopacz, Ewa, 129
Krajowa Rada Kół Gospodyń Wiejskich
(The National Council of Rural
Women’s Organizations), 241
Krastev, Ivan, 108
Kwasniewski, Aleksander, 159
Kyrgyzstan, Tulip Revolution (2005),
53
Kubik, Jan, 1, 3, 4—6, 13, 22, 136,
39-57
labor markets. See also employment:
insecurity in, 201; precarity, 202,
203
labor migration, 275. See also
migration
labor sector, Russia, 49
Labour Force Survey, 262
Latin America, 147, 154; mother’s
movements in, 154—57; women
in, 166
Latvia, 54
Law and Justice (Prawo i
Sprawiedliwość [PiS]), 129, 159,
160, 300, 301, 307, viii
leader (przodownik), 1
leadership, 92, 94
League of Polish Families [Liga
Polskich Rodzin [LPR]), 160, 300,
302, 304, 308
League of Polish Women (Liga Kobiet
Polskich), 167, 239
332 · Index
leftist organizations (and individuals),
295
left-wing movements, 289
legislation: changing, 96, 162;
employment protection, 208;
groups active in, 177; overhaul
of, 44
Legislative Initiative Committee, 1 59
Legitimation Crisis, 84
LGBT communities, 287, 305, 321
LGBT festival (2004), 286
liberal democracies, 318
Liga Kobiet Polskich (League of Polish
Women), 167, 239
Liga Polskich Rodzin, LPR (League of
Polish Families), 160, 300, 302,
304, 308
Lipiński, Artur, 292
Lisbon Treaty, 20
literature review, political
participation, 202-5
Lithuania, elections in, 108
lobbyists, 3
local activism, 3, 7, 20
local associationism, 1 2
local citizens’ committees, 13
local civil society, 2, 23, 107
locally embedded dynamics, 99
London, England, 266, 269, 271,278.
See also Polish London; United
Kingdom
Lukes, Steven, 106
Łódź, Poland, 157, 161
M
maintenance, homing desires, 266
MaMa Foundation (Fundacja MaMa),
132, 134, 138, 144
management ideas from the United
States, 99
March for Tolerance in Poland (2004),
286
marginalization, 286, 293; phase of
(1989-1999), 296-300
markets: action logics from the,
87-91; labor (See labor markets);
privatism (civic), 94-100
masculinity, 144
Matysiak (rural women’s
organizations), 11. See also rural
women s organizations
Mazurek, Małgorzata, 157
measurements: civil society strength,
8; engagement (civic), 5
media, tenants in, 182—83
membership: in European Union
(EU), 247, 248, 279; in rural
women’s organizations, 238,
241-43
membership in state-controlled
organizations, 8
Members of Parliament (MPs), 270,
271
Mexico, mothers in, 157
MF Foundation. See Mother and
Father Foundation (Fundacja
Mamy i Taty)
middle class, 65, 84—5, 236
Middle East, 57
migrants, 257—79; activism, 259-60
migration, 12; civil space (Polish),
262-71; to United Kingdom,
260-62, 276
Ministry of Education, 129
Ministry of Health, 132
Ministry of Labor and Social Policy,
16, 74, 250
Ministry of Sport, 66
Młodzież Wszechpolska, MW (All-
Polish Youth), 300, 301,302,
304, 305
mobilizations, 82, 89, 111, 129,
130, 134, 138, 316; of actors
in collective action, 181; case
studies, 132-34; in defense of
the Alimony Fund (AF), 158;
extreme right, 286—309; gender,
319; mothers, 153 (See also
motherhood (political)); of Polish
mothers, 157—60; political, 203,
204, 223; public response to
mothers, 165; Single Mothers for
the Alimony Fund Movement,
168; social, 287; tenants’
Index · 333
movement, 177, 178; women,
157, 162
modernity: crisis of, 154; rural
women s organizations, 231—52
modernization, 63
Molyneux, Maxine, 137, 142
Mondon, Aureli en, 290
morality, 120; civil society influence
of, 114-16
Mother and Father Foundation
(Fundacja Mamy i Taty), 133
motherhood (political), 153—69;
mobilizations of Polish mothers,
157-60; mother’s movements
in Latin America, 154-57; the
Polish way of, 160-66; protests,
163
Mother of God figures, 168
Mother’s Day, 159, 162
Mudde, Cas, 287
N
Narodowe Odrodzenie Polski, NOP
(National Rebirth of Poland), 305
National Advisory Group, 67
National Census of 2011, 236
The National Council of Rural
Women’s Organizations (Krajowa
Rada Kół Gospodyń Wiejskich),
8,241
National Court register, 82
nationalism, 154, 278, 289, 301
nationalistic organizations, role of, 50
National Movement (Ruch Narodowy
[RN]), 305
National Radical Camp (ONR), 301,
X
National Rebirth of Poland (Narodowe
Odrodzenie Polski [NOP]), 305
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty
Organization), 297
Nazi camps, 271
negative attitudes, 63
negative identification, 181, 182
negative perceptions of tenants,
193-94
neofascism, 289
neoliberalism, 12, 15, 24, 97,
118- 19, 145, 291,317,318;
motherhood (political), 153-69;
neolibralization, 12
neoliberal organizations, 9
neo-Nazism, 289, 298
networks, 4, 6; access to, 201;
development of social, 200;
personal, 86; social, 203
Never Again (Nigdy Więcej), 287
new third sector, 70-72, 77
Nicaragua, 142
Niezależny Samorządny Związek
Zawodowy Solidarność
(Independent Self-governing
Trade Union Solidarity), 12
Nigdy Więcej (Never Again), 287
NIMBY (Not in My Backyard), 130
1997 Constitution, 44
non-governmental organizations
(NGOs), 7, 8, 9, 13, 15, 18,
19, 43, 44, 47, 48, 50,51,66,
134, 315, 318; civil society
through lens of elite, 105—21;
collaboration, 113; functions of,
112; funding, 119; grants, 72;
growth of, 69; hierarchies of, 92;
identifying civil society frames,
110- 19; impact on society,
69; lack of support, 68;, 287;
radical democratic perspectives,
119— 21; role of, 111-14; services,
111- 14; think tanks, 107-10;
volunteering, 77
nonstandard employment, 201
North of England, 267
O
Ochotnicza Straż Pożarna (Polish
Voluntary Fire Brigades), 10
ochotnik (volunteer), 71, 72-76, 275
old third sector, 10, 70-73, 25If, 316
Olympics, 20
ombudspersons, 129
opportunity structure, 108, 119, 180,
291, 292, 293, 296, 307
334 · Index
oppositional/confrontational
orientation, politics, 96
opposition groups, 261
Orange Revolution (Ukraine, 2004), 53
organizational expansion,
postcommunist civil societies,
41-45
organizational types, 120
origin of postcommunist civil
societies, 41-45
Orlik football fields, 66
Ost, David, 309, 291
others, defining, 189-93
P
Pankowski, Rafał, 289, 292
parents (as activists), 129-47; case
studies, 132—34; movements, 130;
parental activism, 23, 131-47;
practical and strategic interests
in, 142—46; transgressing private/
public divide, 138-42
Parents’ Rights Ombudsperson
Foundation (Fundacja Rzecznik
Praw Rodziców), 129, 133, 138,
143, 145
Parliament, 159, 234
Parliamentary Women’s Group, 163
participatory activism, 9
peaceful colonization, 70
pensioners, 184
People’s Republic of Poland (PRL), 235
personalization, 81-101; action logics
in the domestic sphere, 91-95
personal networks, 86
phases: institutional (2000—2005),
300-304; marginalization (1989—
1999), 296—300; radicalization
(2006-2013), 304-7
picket lines, 132
Platforma Obywatelska, PO (Civic
Platform), 307
Poland, 45, 46; civil society in, 64
[See also civil society); elections
in, 108; political crises, 42;
postcommunist Europe
(comparative perspective),
39-57; social activism in, 63—77;
trade unions, 49
policies, 57; modernizing, 155;
neoliberalism, 291
Polish Artists, 269, 277
Polish Association of Tenants, 176
Polish Blood Campaign, 271
Polish Catholic Church, 42
Polish Catholic Mission, 265, 267
Polish Central Statistical Office, 240
Polish City Club, 269, 277
“Polish concentration camps,’’ 271
Polish Educational Society, 265
Polish Ex-Combatants Association
(PECA), 265, 268, 276
Polish Express, 271
Polish Internal Security Agency, 307
Polish London, 271, 278
Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 260
Polish Mother myth, 153, 154
Polish National Community [Polska
Wspólnota Narodowa [PWN]),
297, 298
Polish Ombudsman, 159
Polish Panel Survey (POLPAN, 2013),
205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210,
211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216,
217, 218, 219, 220, 221,222
Polish Plenipotentiary for the Equal
Status of Men and Women, 159
Polish Poets, 277
Polish Rainbow, 278
Polish Red Cross Association (PCK), 74
Polish Resettlement Act of 1947, 260
Polish Saturday schools, 265
Polish Social and Cultural Association
(POSK), 265
Polish Supplementary School (PSS),
265, 268, 269, 274, 276
Polish tenants’ movement, 176—96;
collective identity formation,
1 79-81; delegitimation, 178;
immoral nature of tenants,
182-85; negative perceptions of
tenants, 193-94; organizations,
177; social movements research,
179-81; strategies, 1 87-94;
tenants as sympathetic victims,
Index · 335
186—87; tenants in the media,
182-87; treating tenants as
objects, 185-86
Polish Union of Tenants, 179
Polish Voluntary Fire Brigades
(Ochotnicza Straż Pożarna), 10,
218
Polish Writers, 270, 277
political citizen (citoyen), 83, 85
political consumerism, 205
political corruption, 53
political crises, 42
Political Critique (Krytyka Polityczna],
110
political mobilizations, 203, 204, 223
political movements, 177f, 288,
296-305
political participation, 200—224. See
also activism; control variables,
209- 10; data and variables,
205-10; declining rates of, 201;
employment precarity and,
210— 15; literature review,
202-5; state of, 222—24; venues,
215-22
political parties, 296
politicians, relationships with, 96
politics, 118, 295; antipolitical, 105;
international politics code, 296;
oppositional/confrontational
orientation, 96; rituals, 106
Polityka, 116
Polska Wspólnota Narodowa, PWN
(Polish National Community),
297, 298
Pomerania, 1 2
populations, 13
populism, 18, 53, 142, 294
The Populist Radical Right in Poland,
292
positive attitudes, 63
positive identification, 181
postcommunist civil societies, 39-57;
differences of, 45—54; dominant
forms of, 48—51; dominant
normative orientation, 53-54;
origin of, 41—45; patterns of
behavior, 51-53
postsocialist civil society, 6—12
postsocialist legacies, 24, 99; privatism
(civic), 94-100
poverty, 14, 26f, 68. See also tenants’
movement: and women, 166;
women and, 160, 165
power-holders (władze), 192
Pracownia Badań i Innowacji
Społecznych Stocznia (The
Unit for Social Innovation and
Research—“Shipyard”), 242
Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS (Law and
Justice), 129, 159, 160, 300, 301,
307, viii
precarious employment, 204, 207—8,
219
precarity, 6, 11, 200-224; labor
markets, 202, 203
private identities, activism and, 137
private resources, 4
privatism (civic), 81-101; concept
of, 84-86; expressions and
forms, 86-95; markets, 94-100;
postsocialist legacies, 94—100
problem-solving strategies, 94
profit motivations, 88
property: reprivatization of 1 86;
rights, 184, 185
protesters, ix, 3, 143, 162, 286
protest event analysis (PEA), 294
protests, 204, viii; anti-government,
x; event analysis, 7; issues and
targets of, 299, 300; motherhood
(political), 163; postcommunist
civil societies, 51-53
Provincial Association of Farmers,
Farming Groups and
Organizations, 245, 246
przodownik (leader), 7
Public Benefit and Volunteer Work
Act (2003), 113, 119
Public Benefit Organizations, 82
Public Benefit Works Council, 16
public institutions, trust in, 84, 85
The Public Opinion Research Center
(CBOS), 83
336 · Index
public services providers of
(realizatorzy zadań publicznych),
112
R
rada solecka (village council), 237
radical democratic perspectives,
119-21
radicalization, 54, 57, 286, 294;
phases of (2006-2013), 304-7
Radio Maryja, 321
Ratujmy Maluchy (Save the Little
Ones), 321
realizatorzy zadań publicznych
(providers of public services),
112
Real Politics Union (Unia Polityki
Realnej [UPR]), 305
recombination, postcommunist civil
societies, 41-45
Red Cross, 74
reformism, 53
reforms, 39, 108; contentious
reformism, 53; school-age, 130
refugees, 1 7
regime change, 55
regions, 12; rural women’s
organizations, 233
regulations, overhaul of, 44
relationships, 5; between civil society
and families, 130, 134-38; with
politicians, 96
relationships (civic), 92
religion, 11,63,84, 115, 137, 259,
268
religious organizations, 11, 14, 19,
43-44, 50. See also Catholic
Church (Polish)
repertoire of action, 298
reprivatization of property, 186
Republican Mother, concept of, 136
resourcefulness, 86
resources: access to, 201; competition
for, 88
revolutionary moments, 296
revolutions, 54
rights: civic, 48, 69; mothers, 168;
parents , 23; property, 1 84,
185, social, 118, 154, 159-168;
reproductive, ix, 158
right-wing movements, 18, 53, 69, 170
right-wing organizations, 11, 18, 22,
54,57, 82, 110, 116, 286
rituals, politics, 106
Rodzić po ludzku (Childbirth with
Dignity Foundation), 132
roles: gender, 141, 147, 156, 168, 290;
of rural women’s organizations,
248-49
Romania, 41,262
Rose Revolution (Georgia, 2003), 53
Ruch Narodowy, RN (National
Movement), 305
rural civil society, 238
rural self-government (samorząd
wiejski), 237
rural women’s organizations, 231—52;
activities of, 243-45; concept of
civil society (in Poland), 234-36,
236—38; data collection, 233—34;
history of, 238—39; membership
in, 238, 241—43; modes of
working of the, 245—48; present
state of, 239-41; role of, 248—49
Rural Youth Association (Związek
Młodzieży Wiejskiej), 243
Russia, 45, 53, 56, 120; civil society,
47; labor sector, 49
S
same-sex marriages, 305
samorząd wiejski (rural self-
government), 237
Save the Little Ones (Ratujmy
Maluchy), 321
Schmitter, Philippe, 55
school-age reforms, 130
scouting, 243
Second World War See World War II
security of employment, 204
self-actualization, 87
Self-Defense (Samoobrona), 160, 163
selfdetermined citizens, 318
Index · 337
self-employment, 207
self-government, 12
self-help activism, 14, 177
self-help activities, 70
Seniors’ Day, 244
Serbia, Bulldozer Revolution (2000),
53
services (of NGOs), 111-14
sex education, 142, 145, 170f
sexual minorities code, 296
Single Mothers for the Alimony Fund
Movement, 154, 158, 160, 161,
163, 164; mobilizations, 168
skills, democracy, 67
skinheads, 298, 299
Slovenia, 42, 49, 54
small family farms, 236
Sobieski Institute, 110, 117
Social Action 2012 project, 66
social activism, 1, 3, 4, 6, 15, 72, 315,
322. See also activism; in Poland,
63—77; traditions of, 12; types o£
21
social activist (działacz społeczny), 71,
74
social activist, person engaged in social
work (społecznik), 7
social activity, 21, 73, 249
Social Diagnosis Report, 14, 83
Social Diagnosis survey of 2011, 94
social engagement, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17,
83, 85-93, 131, 138-9, 314-16
social housing system of state
socialism, 184
social inequalities, 201
social infrastructure, 236
socialism (state), 4, 12, 71, 81,83, 97;
rural women’s organizations, 231,
232, 239; social housing system
of, 184
Socialist Polish Youth Association
(Związek Socjalistycznej Młodzieży
Polskiej), 243
socialization, 117
Social Justice Office, 179, 188
social media, 20, 132, viii. See also
Fac ebook
social mobilizations, 287. See also
mobilizations
social movements, 2, 11, 22, 50, 56,
117, 137, 138, 140, 147, 154,
156, 157, 179-81, 182, 194, 280,
293, 315, 320
social movements research, Polish
tenants movement, 179—81
social networks, 203; development of,
200
social solidarity, 224
socioeconomic code, 295
socioeconomic status studies, 200
sociological void, 15
Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej, SLD
(Democratic Left Alliance), 297
solidaristic spheres, 2
Solidarity, 6, 13, 42, 71, 72, 157, 266;
concept of civil society and, 64;
engagement, 261
sołtys (village representative), 233
specialists (employment of), 236
społecznik (community worker), 74
społecznik (social activist, person
engaged in social work), 7
sports organizations, 66, 73, 91
Środa, Magdalena, 159
Stalinist systems, 184
standardization, 40
state-controlled organizations,
membership in, 6, 8, 50, 91, 95
state-corporatist arrangements, 48
state farms (PGRs), 233
state socialism, 4, 12, 71, 81, 83, 97;
institutional interests, 41; rural
women’s organizations, 231, 232,
239; social housing system of, 184
stereotypes, mothers, 154
Stowarzyszenie Kobiet Wiejskich
“Gospodyni” (Association of Rural
Women), 241
strategies, collective identity
formation, 176-96, 187-94
structures (civil society), weakness of,
66-70
subcultural groups, 296
338 · Index
T
Tajikistan, 56
Tarkowscy, Elżbieta i Jacek, 130
Tarnów, Poland, 159
taxes, 16, 68
television (TV), 64
temporary employment, 208
temporary help agencies, 201
tenants’ movement, 176-96;
collective identity formation,
179-81; definition of tenants,
188; delegitimation, 178;
immoral nature of tenants,
182—85; negative perceptions of
tenants, 193—94; organizations,
177; strategies, 187—94; tenants
as sympathetic victims, 186-87;
tenants in the media, 182—87;
treating tenants as objects,
185-86
theoretical lessons, 314-22
think-and-do tanks, 109
think tanks, 107—10, 118
third sector, 9, 15—16, 64, 65, 66, 77,
84-5, 109, 240, 251, 287, 316;
civil society as, 70-72, 111-14,
234; participation in, 92
third-sector identification, 109
TOZ (Towarzystwo Opieki and
Zwierzętami), 86, 88, 90
trade unions, 18, 48, 49, 50, 158, 291
traditional values, 155, 290, 292, 296
traditions, 12, 42; Anglo-Saxon,
70; lack of, 64; rural women’s
organizations, 231-52
training grounds, 67
transactional activism, 9, 177
transformation: patterns of, 46; of
Poland, 66
transitional societies, 5
transmission belts, 41
traps, civil society, 114
troubles, 90, 91
true value, 54
Trust for Civil Society, 66
trust in public institutions, 84, 85
Trybuna Ludu, 65
Tulip Revolution (Kyrgyzstan, 2005),
53
Turkmenistan, 46, 47, 56
2012 Public Opinion Research Centre
(CBOS) study, 216, 217
2013 Social Diagnosis survey, 218
U
Ukraine, 50, 53, 54, 56, 130; Orange
Revolution (2004), 53
underemployment, 203
Unia Demokratyczna (Democratic
Union), 297
Unia Polityki Realnej, UPR (Real
Politics Union), 305
unions (trade), 18, 48, 50, 158, 291;
membership, 49
United Kingdom (UK), 74, 257,
258; hardships reaching, 263;
integration of Polishness, 262;
migration to, 260-62, 276
United Peasants’ Association, 71
United States, 49, 70, 74, 97,
108; American funds for
nongovernmental organizations,
236; management ideas from the,
99; women in, 155
The Unit for Social Innovation and
Research-“Shipyard” (Pracownia
Badań i Innowacji Społecznych
Stocznia), 110, 118, 242
unity narrations, 275-79
Upper Silesia, 12
USAID 2012 report, 46
Uzbekistan, 46, 47
V
values: traditional, 155, 290, 292, 296;
true, 54
venues, political participation, 215-22
vernacular civil societies, 3, 11,320
VII Congress of Women, 17
village assemblies (zebrania wiejskie),
19
Index · 339
village council (rada sołecka)f 237
village fund (fundusz sołecki), 21
village representative (sołtys), 233
villages, rural women s organizations,
233
voice (political precipitation], ZOO-
224; control variables, 209-10;
data and variables, 205-10;
employment precarity and,
210—15; literature review, 202—5;
state of, 222—24; venues, 215—22
Voluntary Action 2012+ group, 75
voluntary organizations, 51, 73, 75,
81, 148f, 259, 277
volunteer (ochotnik), 71, 72-76, 275
volunteer activity (wolontariat), 73,
74,75
Volunteer Fire Brigades, 218
volunteering, 21, 44, 66, 75, 76;
Act on Public Benefit and
Volunteer Work of 2003, 87;
encouragement of, 69; fire
brigades, 70; non-governmental
organizations (NGOs), 77;
promoting, 76-77
Volunteer Mountain Search and
Rescue (GOPR], 73
Volunteer Rescue Group (OGR], 73
W
Wałbrzych, Poland, 164, 1 66
Warsaw Tenants Association, 178,
187, 188
welfare organizations, 113, 140
Werbner, Pnina, 156
Western Europe, 9, 46, 48, 49, 97
white-collar workers, 236
Whitehead, Laurence, 287
Wiszniewski, Andrzej, 63
władze (power-holders), 192
wolontariat (volunteer activity), 73,
74, 75
women, ix, 17, 24, 41, 50, 114, 133-
34, 137, 139, 147, 205, 212, 317.
See also families; motherhood
(political): discrimination,
251; in Latin America, 166;
mobilizations, 162; movements,
155; and poverty, 160, 165;
poverty and, 166; rural women s
organizations, 231-52 [See also
rural women s organizations);
subordination of, 142
Women and Polińcs in Latin America,
15 6
Women s 8 of March Alliance, 20
Women s Day, 244
Women’s Rights Center, 161
Workers Defense Committees, 6
working class, marginalization of, 13
workshops, 132
World Bank Governance Index, 46
World Value Survey, 40
World War II, 76, 108, 276; migration
after, 257; rural women s
organizations, 231, 238; sacrifices
during, 271
Wprost, 133
X
xenophobia, 286, 289
Y
youth clubs, 91
Z
Zadumińska, Beata, 161
Zagała, Zbigniew, 111
Załęski, Paweł, 64, 65
zebrania wiejskie (village assemblies),
19
Związek Młodzieży Wiejskiej (Rural
Youth Association), 243
Związek Rolników, Kółek i Organizacji
Rolniczych (Association of
Farmers, Farming Groups and
Organizations), 240, 241, 247
Związek Socjalistycznej Młodzieży
Polskiej (Socialist Polish Youth
Association), 243
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author2 | Jacobsson, Kerstin |
| author2_role | edt |
| author2_variant | k j kj |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1034692267 |
| author_facet | Jacobsson, Kerstin |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044403415 |
| classification_rvk | MG 92086 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1001514185 (DE-599)BVBBV044403415 |
| discipline | Politologie |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Polen |
| id | DE-604.BV044403415 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:52:02Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781785335518 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029805413 |
| oclc_num | 1001514185 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-188 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-188 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | xi, 339 Seiten Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Berghahn |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Studies on civil society |
| series2 | Studies on civil society |
| spelling | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland edited by Kerstin Jacobsson and Elżbieta Korolczuk New York ; Oxford Berghahn 2017 xi, 339 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies on civil society volume 9 In much social scientific literature, Polish civil society is all too often caricatured as weak and passive. This volume offers a much-needed corrective, challenging this characterization on both theoretical and empirical grounds. Focusing on forms of collective action that researchers too often ignore due to their theoretical and methodological blind spots, the studies gathered here show how certain forms of activism and claims are legitimized in public discourse as representing civil society proper, while others are unfairly dismissed. Taken together, they constitute a powerful critique of a model of civil society that is 'made from above' by elites, media, and public institutions Zivilgesellschaft (DE-588)7668631-0 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Zivilgesellschaft (DE-588)7668631-0 s DE-604 Jacobsson, Kerstin (DE-588)1034692267 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 987-1-78533-552-5 Studies on civil society volume 9 (DE-604)BV041113217 9 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029805413&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029805413&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland Studies on civil society Zivilgesellschaft (DE-588)7668631-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)7668631-0 (DE-588)4046496-9 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland |
| title_auth | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland |
| title_exact_search | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland |
| title_full | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland edited by Kerstin Jacobsson and Elżbieta Korolczuk |
| title_fullStr | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland edited by Kerstin Jacobsson and Elżbieta Korolczuk |
| title_full_unstemmed | Civil society revisited lessons from Poland edited by Kerstin Jacobsson and Elżbieta Korolczuk |
| title_short | Civil society revisited |
| title_sort | civil society revisited lessons from poland |
| title_sub | lessons from Poland |
| topic | Zivilgesellschaft (DE-588)7668631-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Zivilgesellschaft Polen Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029805413&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029805413&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV041113217 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jacobssonkerstin civilsocietyrevisitedlessonsfrompoland |