Democratic Latin America:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York and London
Routledge
2018
|
| Ausgabe: | Second edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 443 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| ISBN: | 9781138682665 9781138682672 |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804177684805189632 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
A cknowledgments
1 An Institutional Approach to Democracy and
Democratization in Latin America
Institutions and the Study of Democratic Politics 5
What Is an Institution? 6
What Is an Institutional Approach to Politics? 8
Democracy in Latin America 16
Democratic Transition 17
Defining Democracy 20
The Struggle for Democracy in Guatemala 25
Conclusion 31
Key Terms 33
Discussion Questions 33
Suggested Readings 33
References 34
2 State and Nation in Colonial Latin America
Pillars of Democracy: State and Nation 38
Land and People 40
Human Settlements in the Pre-Colombian Period 40
The Colonial Impact on Settlement and Demography 44
The Colonial Period 46
The Arrival, and Conquest 47
The Expansion of Spanish Colonialism 47
Colonial Institutions 50
Religious Institutions in Colonial Latin America 56
vi Contents
The Long Road to Independence 58
Explaining the Exceptionalism of Colonial Legacies in the
United States 65
Conclusion 72
Key Terms 72
Discussion Questions 73
Suggested Readings 73
References 74
3 Constitutions: From States and Nations to Regimes, and
Back Again
Constitutional Foundations: The Consolidation of Independent
States and the Search for National Identity in Latin America 78
The Caudillo Period (1820s—1870s) 78
The Export Economy (1860s—1930s) 79
The Opening of the US. Umbrella (1898) 81
The Great Depression (1929) 83
The Populist Era (1930s—1960s) 85
Bureaucratic Authoritarianism and the Cold War
(1960s~l 980s) 87
From the Washington Consensus to the “Pink Tide”
(1980s to Present) 89
Constitutions: The Rules of the Game and More 93
Constitutional Development in Latin America 93
Constitutionalism and Democracy 94
Constitutions and Political Pacts 97
Constitutions and National Identity 98
The Politics of Constitutional Change 100
Types of Constitutional Reform 100
The Source of Reform: The People or Congress? 102
Motives for Reform 103
Institutional Opportunities and Barriers 104
Explaining Constitutional Change in Latin America 109
Constitutional Reform in Nicaragua 112
Conclusion 120
Key Terms 121
Discussion Questions 121
Suggested Readings 122
References 123
4 The Executive Branch: Latin American Style
Contents vii
125
The Executive Branch in Presidential and Parliamentary
Forms of Government 128
The Parliamentary System 128
The Presidential System 129
Origins of Parliamentarism and Presidentialism 130
Variations in Parliamentary and Presidential Systems 132
Latin American Presidencies 134
Constitutional Powers 135
Partisan Powers 139
The Administrative Arm of the Executive: Bureaucracy 144
Efficiency and Bureaucracy 144
The Pathologies of Bureaucracy 145
The Size of Bureaucracy 146
Corruption and Bureaucracy 147
Bureaucratic Boundaries 153
Presidential Politics in Argentina 154
Con elusion 164
Key Terms 165
Discussion Questions 165
Suggested Readings 165
References 167
5 The Legislative Branch: The Centerpiece of
Democracy Under Fire
Parliament and Congress 172
The Functions of Congress 173
Representation 174
Past Roadblocks to Representation 175
More Recent Changes in Representation 175
Lawmaking 179
Initiation 180
Debate 180
Oversight 183
Direct Oversight 184
Indirect Oversight 185
Education 189
Legislative Structure 195
Size 195
Sessions 196
170
viii Contents
Terms and Alternates 200
Bicameralism 200
The National Congress of Chile: A Barometer
of Chilean Democracy 204
Conclusion 213
Key Terms 213
Discussion Questions 213
Suggested Readings 215
References 216
6 The Judiciary in Latin America: Separate but Unequal
Approaches to Judicial Organization 221
Common Law and Code Law Traditions 221
Mixed Judicial Systems in Latin America 223
The Rule of Law 226
Defining the Rule of Law 226
The Judiciary s Contribution to the Rule of Law 228
The Judiciary and Other Government Institutions:
Power and Independence 229
The Judiciary and the People: Access and
Efficiency 237
The Judicialization of Politics in Contemporary
Latin America 245
Motives and Opportunities to Judicialize Politics 246
International Actors and the Judicialization of Politics 246
The Judicialization of Politics at the Local Level 250
The Judicial Branch in Mexico: Seeking Reform 251
Conclusion 258
Key Terms 259
Discussion Questions 259
Suggested Readings 260
References 261
1 Electoral Systems: The Core of Democratic Politics
Voting 267
The Electoral System 268
Electoral Formula 269
Majoritarian Systems 269
Proportional Representation 269
Hybrid Systems 281
219
265
Contents ix
District Magnitude 282
Electoral Thresholds 282
Ballot Structure 283
Districting and Apportionment 285
The Electoral System and Political Change 287
Presidential Elections in Latin America 289
The Management and Observation of Elections 293
The Electoral System in Bolivia 299
Conclusion 309
Key Terms 309
Discussion Questions 310
Suggested Readings 310
References 311
8 From Civil Society to Political Parties: Putting
Democracy into Practice 313
Civil Society and Democracy 315
Protests and Social Movements 316
Parties as Political Institutions 320
Parties as Regime Institutions 321
Parties as Social Institutions 329
How Parties and Civil Society Must Work Together in
Democratic Latin America 333
From the Party to the Party System 335
Party System Fragmentation 336
Party System Institutionalization 340
Party System Polarization 343
The Interaction of Fragmentation, Institutionalization,
and Polarization 343
Venezuela: Change in Parties, Changes in Politics 344
Conclusion 355
Key Terms 355
Discussion Questions 356
Suggested Readings 356
References 357
9 Federalism and Unitarism: Learning to Share 360
Federalism and Unitarism, and the Range of Centralization 362
The Division of Power in a Federal System 362
The Balance of Centralization and Decentralization 363
x Contents
The Origins of Intergovernmental Relations in Latin America 368
Federalism and the Protection of Regional Caudillos 369
Contemporary Moves to Recognize Indigenous Territories 370
Federal and Unitary Design in Contemporary Latin America 371
Institutions That Complement Federalism: Bicameralism,
Strong Judiciary, Rigid Constitutions 371
The Contemporary Effort to Decentralize 373
Variation in Federal Institutions 376
Dealing with Differences 376
Offsetting Regional Power Differences 378
Federalism in Brazil 379
Conclusion 385
Key Terms 386
Discussion Questions 386
Suggested Readings 386
References 387
10 The Armed Forces: Bridging the Civil-Military Divide
The Armed Forces in Contemporary Latin America: Global
Comparisons 392
Military Expenditures 392
Military Spending and Development 394
Regional Distinctions 395
The Military Perspective of Latin American History 397
Civil-Military Relations 404
Civil-Military Relations Under Democracy 407
Civilian Supremacy or Political Management? 407
New Security Norms under Democracy 408
Institutional Checks and Balances under Democracy 412
The Legislature 412
The Courts 413
The Executive 414
Civil-Military Relations and New Challenges 416
The Armed Forces of El Salvador 417
Conclusion 428
Key Terms 428
Discussion Questions 428
Suggested Readings 430
References 431
Index 433
390
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| spelling | Arceneaux, Craig L. 1965- (DE-588)17372213X aut Democratic Latin America Craig L. Arceneaux Second edition New York and London Routledge 2018 XV, 443 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Politik Democracy Latin America Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd rswk-swf Politische Institution (DE-588)4132693-3 gnd rswk-swf Lateinamerika Latin America Politics and government Lateinamerika (DE-588)4074032-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Lateinamerika (DE-588)4074032-8 g Politische Institution (DE-588)4132693-3 s Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 s b DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, ebk 978-1-315-54499-1 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029804312&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Arceneaux, Craig L. 1965- Democratic Latin America Politik Democracy Latin America Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd Politische Institution (DE-588)4132693-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046584-6 (DE-588)4132693-3 (DE-588)4074032-8 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Democratic Latin America |
| title_auth | Democratic Latin America |
| title_exact_search | Democratic Latin America |
| title_full | Democratic Latin America Craig L. Arceneaux |
| title_fullStr | Democratic Latin America Craig L. Arceneaux |
| title_full_unstemmed | Democratic Latin America Craig L. Arceneaux |
| title_short | Democratic Latin America |
| title_sort | democratic latin america |
| topic | Politik Democracy Latin America Politisches System (DE-588)4046584-6 gnd Politische Institution (DE-588)4132693-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politik Democracy Latin America Politisches System Politische Institution Lateinamerika Latin America Politics and government Lehrbuch |
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