Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science: from fundamentals to applications
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Weinheim
Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA
[2017]
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| Ausgabe: | Second edition |
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| Beschreibung: | xxiv, 462 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme (teilweise farbig) |
| ISBN: | 9783527335923 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science |b from fundamentals to applications |c edited by Peter Staron, Andreas Schreyer, Helmut Clemens, and Svea Mayer |
| 250 | |a Second edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Weinheim |b Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |c [2017] | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2017 | |
| 300 | |a xxiv, 462 Seiten |b Illustrationen, Diagramme (teilweise farbig) | ||
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| 653 | |a Construction Materials | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTOR XVII
PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION XXIII
PART I GENERAL 1
1 MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS 3
HELMUT CLEMENS, SVEA MAYER, AND CHRISTINA SCHEU
1.1 INTRODUCTION 3
1.2 MICROSTRUCTURE 4
1.2.1 CRYSTAL DEFECTS 7
1.2.2 GRAIN (PHASE) BOUNDARIES AND TWINS 7
1.2.3 PRECIPITATES AND DISPERSIONS 8
1.3 MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES 10
1.4 MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION 12
REFERENCES 19
2
INTERNAL STRESSES IN ENGINEERING MATERIALS 21
ANKE KAYSSER-PYZALLA
2.1 DEFINITION 21
2.1.1 STRESS TENSOR, STRAIN TENSOR, AND ELASTICITY TENSOR 21
2.1.1.1 STRESS TENSOR 21
2.1.1.2 STRAIN TENSOR 22
2.1.2 DEFINITIONS, RESIDUAL STRESSES 23
2.1.2.1 STRESS EQUILIBRIUM 23
2.1.2.2 RESIDUAL MACRO- AND MICROSTRESSES 24
2.2 ORIGIN OF RESIDUAL MACRO- AND MICROSTRESSES 25
2.2.1 RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION IN PRIMARY FORMING PROCESSES 26
2.2.2 RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION IN HEAT TREATMENT PROCESSES 28
2.2.2.1 RESIDUAL STRESSES IN A MATERIAL WITHOUT PHASE TRANSFORMATION
(PURE COOLING
RESIDUAL STRESSES) 29
2.2.2.2 RESIDUAL STRESSES IN A MATERIAL WITH PHASE TRANSFORMATION 30
2.2.2.3 RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION IN SURFACE-HARDENING PROCESSES
(NITRIDING,
CARBO-NITRIDING, AND CASE HARDENING) 32
2.2.3 RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION IN FORMING PROCESSES 32
2.2.3.1 DEEP-ROLLING RESIDUAL STRESSES 33
2.2.3 2 COLD EXTRUSION RESIDUAL STRESSES 34
2.2.4 RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION IN METAL CUTTING MANUFACTURING 36
2.2.4.1 GRINDING RESIDUAL STRESSES 37
2.2.5 RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION IN JOINING PROCESSES 39
2.2.6 RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION IN COATINGS 43
2.3 RELEVANCE 45
2.3.1 FAILURE DUE TO RESIDUAL STRESS FORMATION OR RESIDUAL STRESS RELIEF
INDUCED BY
TEMPERATURE CHANGES 46
2.3.2 INFLUENCE OF RESIDUAL STRESSES ON COMPONENT FAILURE UNDER STATIC
AND
DYNAMIC MECHANICAL LOADS 47
2.3.3 INFLUENCE OF RESIDUAL STRESSES ON COMPONENT FAILURE IN CORROSIVE
ENVIRONMENTS 49
2.3.4 INFLUENCE OF RESIDUAL STRESSES ON WEAR 49
REFERENCES 51
3 TEXTURES IN ENGINEERING MATERIALS 55
HEINZ G.
BROKMEIER AND SANGBONG YI
3.1 INTRODUCTION 55
3.2 MEASUREMENT OF PREFERRED ORIENTATIONS 58
3.3 PRESENTATION OF PREFERRED ORIENTATIONS 59
3.3.1 POLE FIGURE 60
3.3.2 ORIENTATION DISTRIBUTION FUNCTION 62
3.3.3 INVERSE POLE FIGURES 62
3.4 INTERPRETATION OF TEXTURES 62
3.5 ERRORS 67
3.5.1 GRAIN STATISTICS 67
3.5.2 POLE FIGURE COVERAGE 68
REFERENCES 71
4 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PHOTONS AND NEUTRONS 73
ANDREAS SCHREYER
4.1 INTRODUCTION 73
4.2 INTERACTION OF X-RAY PHOTONS AND NEUTRONS WITH INDIVIDUAL ATOMS 74
4.2.1 NEUTRONS 75
4.2.2 X-RAYS 76
4.3 SCATTERING OF X-RAY PHOTONS AND NEUTRONS FROM ENSEMBLES OF ATOMS 79
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 81
REFERENCES 81
5 RADIATION SOURCES 83
5.1 GENERATION AND PROPERTIES OF NEUTRONS 83
INA LOMMATZSCH, WOLFGANG KNOP, PHILIPP K. PRANZAS, AND PETER SCHREINER
5.1.1 INTRODUCTION 83
5.1.2 GENERATION OF NEUTRONS 83
5.1.2.1 RESEARCH REACTORS 83
5.1.2.2 SPALLATION SOURCES 87
5.1.3 INSTRUMENTATION 87
5.1.3.1 STRUCTURE RESEARCH 89
5.1.3.2 LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURES 89
5.1.3.3 SPECTROSCOPY 89
5.1.3.4 IMAGING AND ANALYSIS 89
5.1.3.5 PARTICLE PHYSICS 89
REFERENCES 90
5.2 PRODUCTION AND PROPERTIES OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 90
ROLFTREUSCH
5.2.1 INTRODUCTION 90
5.2.2 PROPERTIES OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 92
5.2.3 SOURCES OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 96
5.2.3.1 BENDING MAGNETS 97
5.2.3 2 WIGGLERS AND UNDULATORS 98
5.2.4 OUTLOOK: FREE ELECTRON LASERS 100
5.2.5 SUMMARY 102
REFERENCES 102
PART II METHODS 105
6 STRESS ANALYSIS BY ANGLE-DISPERSIVE NEUTRON DIFFRACTION 107
PETER STARON
6.1 INTRODUCTION 107
6.2 DIFFRACTOMETER FOR RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS 108
6.2.1 SETUP OF A DIFFRACTOMETER FOR STRAIN SCANNING 108
6.2.2 MONOCHROMATOR 109
6.2.3 SLIT SYSTEM 110
6.2.4 SAMPLE POSITIONING 111
6.2.5 DETECTOR 111
6.3 MEASUREMENT AND DATA ANALYSIS 112
6.3.1 GAGE VOLUME AND SAMPLE POSITIONING 112
6.3.2 DATA REDUCTION AND ANALYSIS 113
6.3.2.1 DATA REDUCTION AND PEAK FITTING 113
6.3 2.2 CALCULATION OF STRESSES 114
6.3.2 3 MACRO AND MICROSTRESSES 115
6.3.2.4 STRESS-FREE REFERENCE 116
6.4 EXAMPLES 116
6.4.1 RESIDUAL STRESSES IN FRICTION STIR WELDED ALUMINUM SHEETS 116
6.4.2 RESIDUAL STRESSES IN WATER-QUENCHED TURBINE DISKS 117
6.5 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 120
REFERENCES 120
7 STRESS ANALYSIS BY ENERGY-DISPERSIVE NEUTRON DIFFRACTION 123
JAVIER SANTISTEBAN
7.1 INTRODUCTION 123
7.2 TIME-OF-FLIGHT NEUTRON DIFFRACTION 123
7.2.1 TOF PEAK SHAPE AND DATA ANALYSIS PACKAGES 124
7.3 TOF STRAIN SCANNERS 126
7.3.1 COUNTING TIMES AND RESOLUTION 128
7.3.2 NEUTRON OPTICS AND TIME FOCUSING 130
7.4 A VIRTUAL LABORATORY FOR STRAIN SCANNING 131
7.5 TYPE II STRESSES: EVOLUTION OF INTERGRANULAR STRESSES 134
7.6 TYPE III STRESSES: DISLOCATION DENSITIES 135
I N STRAIN IMAGING BY ENERGY-DISPERSIVE NEUTRON TRANSMISSION 138
7.8 CONCLUSIONS 140
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 141
REFERENCES 141
8 RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS BY MONOCHROMATIC HIGH-ENERGY X-RAYS 145
RENE V. MARTINS
8.1 BASIC SETUPS 145
8.2 PRINCIPLE OF SLIT IMAGING AND DATA RECONSTRUCTION 148
8.3 THE CONICAL SLIT 149
8.3.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE 149
8.3.2 CAPABILITIES 149
8.3.3 EXAMPLE 151
8.4 THE SPIRAL SLIT 152
8.4.1 FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLE 152
8.4.2 CAPABILITIES 152
8.4.3 EXAMPLE 153
8.5 SIMULTANEOUS STRAIN MEASUREMENTS IN INDIVIDUAL BULK GRAINS 155
8.6 COARSE GRAIN EFFECTS 156
8.7 ANALYSIS OF DIFFRACTION DATA FROM AREA DETECTORS 157
8.8 MATRIX FOR COMPARISON AND DECISION TAKING WHICH TECHNIQUE TO USE FOR
A
SPECIFIC PROBLEM 158
REFERENCES 159
9 RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS BY ENERGY-DISPERSIVE SYNCHROTRON X-RAY
DIFFRACTION 161
CHRISTOPH GENZEL AND MANUELA KLAUS
9.1 INTRODUCTION 161
9.2 FUNDAMENTALS OF ENERGY-DISPERSIVE X-RAY DIFFRACTION STRESS ANALYSIS
162
9.2.1 THE BASIC EQUATION OF ENERGY-DISPERSIVE X-RAY DIFFRACTION 162
9.2.2 NEAR-SURFACE DEPTH PROFILING IN THE ENERGY-DISPERSIVE DIFFRACTION
MODE 162
9.2.3 PRINCIPLES OF DEPTH-RESOLVED X-RAY STRESS ANALYSIS AND APPLICATION
TO THE
ENERGY-DISPERSIVE CASE OF DIFFRACTION 164
9.3 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 167
9.4 EXAMPLES FOR ENERGY-DISPERSIVE STRESS ANALYSIS 168
9.4.1 NEAR SURFACE RESIDUAL STRESS DEPTH PROFILING 168
9.4.2 FAST
IN SITU STRESS ANALYSIS BY MEANS OF ENERGY-DISPERSIVE DIFFRACTION 171
9.5 FINAL REMARKS 173
REFERENCES 175
10 TEXTURE ANALYSES BY SYNCHROTRON X-RAYS AND NEUTRONS 179
SANGBONG YI, WEIMIN GAN, AND HEINZ G. BROKMEIER
10.1 TEXTURE MEASUREMENTS ON LABORATORY SCALE 179
10.1.1 X-RAY DIFFRACTION 179
10.1.2 ELECTRON DIFFRACTION 181
10.2 TEXTURE MEASUREMENTS AT LARGE SCALE FACILITIES 182
10.2.1 NEUTRON DIFFRACTION 182
10.2.2 TEXTURE ANALYSIS USING SYNCHROTRON X-RAYS 185
10.2.3 EXAMPLES OF TEXTURE ANALYSES USING NEUTRONS
AND SYNCHROTRON X-RAYS 189
10.2.3.1 LOCAL TEXTURE MEASUREMENT OF A FRICTION WELDED ROD 189
10.2.3.2 GLOBAL TEXTURE IN CU WIRE 190
10.2.3.3 IN SITU TEXTURE MEASUREMENT OF STEEL AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE
191
10.2.3.4 IN SITU TEXTURE MEASUREMENT UNDER LOADING 192
10.3 CONCLUSION 193
REFERENCES 194
11 BASICS OF SMALL-ANGLE SCATTERING METHODS 197
PHILIPP K. PRANZAS
11.1 INTRODUCTION 197
11.2 COMMON FEATURES OF A SAS INSTRUMENT 197
11.3 CONTRAST 198
11.4 SCATTERING CURVE 198
11.5 POWER LAW/SCATTERING BY FRACTAL SYSTEMS 200
11.6 GUINIER AND POROD APPROXIMATIONS 201
11.7 MACROSCOPIC DIFFERENTIAL SCATTERING CROSS-SECTION 202
11.8 MODEL CALCULATION OF SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS 202
11.9 MAGNETIC STRUCTURES 203
REFERENCES 204
12 SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING 207
PHILIPP K. PRANZAS AND ANDRE HEINEMANN
12.1 INTRODUCTION 207
12.2 NANOCRYSTALLINE MAGNESIUM HYDRIDE FOR THE REVERSIBLE STORAGE OF
HYDROGEN 208
12.3 PRECIPITATES IN STEEL 210
12.4 SI02 NANOPARTICLES IN A POLYMER MATRIX - AN INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION
213
12.5 GREEN SURFACTANTS 213
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 215
REFERENCES 215
13 ANOMALOUS SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING 217
ULLA VAINIO
13.1 INTRODUCTION 217
13.2 THEORY 218
13.2.1 SCATTERING POWER OF ELEMENTS 218
13.2.2 CONTRAST VARIATION 219
13.2.3 PARTIAL STRUCTURE FACTOR FORMALISM 219
13.2.4 MODEL-DEPENDENT ASAXS 221
13.2.5 SUBTRACTION METHOD 221
13.3 EXPERIMENTS 223
13.4 EXAMPLE: ASAXS ON CATALYST NANOPARTICLES 223
13.5 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 223
REFERENCES 224
14 IMAGING 227
WOLFGANG TREIMER
14.1 RADIOGRAPHY 227
14.1.1 FUNDAMENTALS 227
14.1.2 INTERACTIONS OF NEUTRONS WITH MATTER 228
14.1.3 GEOMETRIES 230
14.1.4 RESOLUTION FUNCTIONS 232
14.1.5 IMAGE DEGRADATION 235
14.1.6 OTHER IMAGING TECHNIQUES 236
14.1.6.1 ENERGY DISPERSIVE RADIOGRAPHY 236
14.1.6.2 REAL-TIME RADIOGRAPHY 238
14.1.6.3 PHASE CONTRAST RADIOGRAPHY 239
14.2 TOMOGRAPHY 240
14.2.1 MATHEMATICAL INTRODUCTION 240
14.2.2 SLICE THEOREM, SHANNON THEOREM 241
14.2.3 IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION 243
14.3 NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN NEUTRON TOMOGRAPHY 244
14.3.1 REFRACTION 246
14.3.2 ULTRA-SMALL ANGLE NEUTRON TOMOGRAPHY 247
14.3.3 RADIOGRAPHY AND TOMOGRAPHY WITH POLARIZED NEUTRONS 249
REFERENCES 250
15 NEUTRON AND SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION-BASED IMAGING FOR APPLICATIONS
IN MATERIALS SCIENCE - FROM MACRO- TO NANOTOMOGRAPHY 253
FELIX BECKMANN
15.1 INTRODUCTION 253
15.1.1 ATTENUATION-CONTRAST PROJECTIONS 253
15.1.2 PHASE-CONTRAST PROJECTIONS 254
15.1.3 PHASE-ENHANCED PROJECTIONS 255
15.1.4 DIRECT PHASE-CONTRAST PROJECTIONS 255
15.1.5 INDIRECT PHASE-CONTRAST PROJECTIONS 255
15.2 PARALLEL-BEAM TOMOGRAPHY 256
15.2.1 MEASUREMENT AND RECONSTRUCTION 256
15.2.2 DENSITY RESOLUTION AND DETECTOR QUALITY 258
15.2.3 DATA EVALUATION AND VISUALIZATION 258
15.3 MACROTOMOGRAPHY USING NEUTRONS 258
15.3.1 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 258
15.3.2 MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS 260
15.4 MICROTOMOGRAPHY USING SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 264
15.4.1 BEAMLINE OPTICS 265
15.4.2 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP 267
15.5 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 271
REFERENCES 271
16 |I-TOMOGRAPHY OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS 275
ASTRID HAIBEL AND JULIA HERZEN
16.1 INTRODUCTION 275
16.2 ADVANTAGE OF SYNCHROTRON TOMOGRAPHY 275
16.3 APPLICATIONS AND 3D IMAGE ANALYSIS 276
16.3.1 DISCHARGING PROCESSES IN ALKALINE CELLS 276
16.3.2 MICROSTRUCTURAL INVESTIGATIONS OF NB3SN MULTI-FILAMENTARY
SUPERCONDUCTOR
WIRES 278
16.3.3 INFLUENCE OF THE FOAMING AGENT ON METALLIC FOAM STRUCTURES 280
16.3.4 EX VIVO GRATING-BASED PHASE CONTRAST IMAGING OF HUMAN CAROTID
ARTERIES 281
16.4 IMAGE ARTIFACTS 282
16.4.1 RING ARTIFACTS 282
16.4.2 IMAGE NOISE 284
16.4.3 EDGE ARTIFACTS 284
16.4.4 MOTION ARTIFACTS 285
16.4.5 CENTERING ERRORS OF THE ROTATION AXIS 286
16.5 SUMMARY 286
REFERENCES 286
PART III NEW AND EMERGING METHODS 291
17 3D X-RAY DIFFRACTION MICROSCOPE 293
HENNING F. POULSENF WOLFGANG LUDWIG, AND SOREN
SCHMIDT
17.1 BASIC SETUP AND STRATEGY 294
17.1.1 THE 3DXRD MICROSCOPE 296
17.2 INDEXING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AVERAGE PROPERTIES OF EACH GRAIN
296
17.2.1 APPLICATION I: NUCLEATION AND GROWTH STUDIES 297
17.2.2 APPLICATION II: PLASTIC DEFORMATION 298
17.2.3 APPLICATION III: STUDIES OF SUBGRAINS AND NANOCRYSTALLINE
MATERIALS 299
17.3 MAPPING OF GRAINS AND ORIENTATIONS 300
17.3.1 MODE III: MAPPING GRAINS IN UNDEFORMED SPECIMENS 300
17.3.2 MODE IV: MAPPING ORIENTATIONS IN DEFORMED SPECIMENS 301
17.3.3 APPLICATION I: RECRYSTALLIZATION 302
17.3.4 APPLICATION II: GRAIN GROWTH 303
17.4 COMBINING 3DXRD AND TOMOGRAPHY 304
17.4.1 GRAIN MAPPING BY TOMOGRAPHY 304
17.5 OUTLOOK 305
REFERENCES 306
18 3D MICRON-RESOLUTION LAUE DIFFRACTION 309
GENE E. ICE
18.1 INTRODUCTION 309
18.2 THE NEED FOR
POLYCHROMATIC MICRODIFFRACTION 309
18.3 THEORETICAL BASIS FOR ADVANCED POLYCHROMATIC MICRODIFFRACTION 311
18.3.1 MODIFIED EWALDS SPHERE DESCRIPTION OF LAUE DIFFRACTION 311
18.3.2 QUALITATIVE INFORMATION: PHASE, TEXTURE, ELASTIC STRAIN,
DISLOCATION
DENSITY 312
18.3.2.1 PHASE 312
18.3.2.2 TEXTURE 312
18.3.2.3 DISLOCATION TENSOR 313
18.3.2.4 ELASTIC STRAIN TENSOR 313
18.4 TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS FOR AN AUTOMATED 3D PROBE 313
18.4.1 SOURCE 313
18.4.2 MICROBEAM MONOCHROMATOR 315
18.4.3 NONDISPERSIVE FOCUSING OPTICS 316
18.4.4 AREA DETECTOR 317
18.4.5 DIFFERENTIAL APERTURE 317
18.4.6 SOFTWARE 317
18.5 RESEARCH EXAMPLES 318
18.5.1 3D GRAIN BOUNDARY NETWORKS 319
18.5.2 DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR AND GRAIN BOUNDARIES 319
18.5.3 DEFORMATION IN SINGLE CRYSTALS 321
18.5.4 GRAIN GROWTH ON SURFACES AND IN THREE DIMENSIONS 321
18.5.5 ANOMALOUS GRAIN GROWTH 321
18.6 FUTURE PROSPECTS AND OPPORTUNITIES 324
ACKNOWLEDGMENT 324
REFERENCES 325
PART IV APPLICATIONS 327
19 THE USE OF NEUTRON AND SYNCHROTRON RESEARCH FOR AEROSPACE AND
AUTOMOTIVE MATERIALS AND COMPONENTS 329
WOLFGANG KAYSSER, JOERG ESSLINGER, VOLKER ABETZ, NORBERT HUBER, KARL U.
KAINER, THOMAS
KLASSEN, FLORIAN PYCZAK, ANDREAS SCHREYER, AND PETER STARON
19.1 INTRODUCTION 329
19.2 COMMERCIAL PASSENGER AIRCRAFT 331
19.2.1 REDUCTION OF AIRFRAME WEIGHT OF COMMERCIAL PASSENGER AIRCRAFTS
332
19.2.1.1 WELDING COMMERCIAL PASSENGER AIRCRAFT FRAMES: REACTIONS,
MICROSTRUCTURE
DEVELOPMENT, AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES 332
19.2.1.2 WELDING COMMERCIAL PASSENGER AIRCRAFT: RESIDUAL STRESSES AND
STRESS
MODIFICATION 333
19.2.1.3 WELDING OF COMMERCIAL PASSENGER AIRCRAFT: FATIGUE
CRACK GROWTH 335
19.2.1.4 WEIGHT REDUCTION OF AIRCRAFT BY POLYMERS AND POLYMER
MATRIX-BASED
COMPOSITES 335
19.2.2 AERO-ENGINES 337
19.2.2.1 METALLIC MATERIALS TO IMPROVE THE THRUST-TO-WEIGHT RATIO OF JET
AERO-ENGINES 338
19.2.2.2 THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS TO ENHANCE THE THRUST-TO-WEIGHT
INCREASE OF THE
AERO-ENGINE 340
19.3 THE LIGHT-DUTY AUTOMOTIVE VEHICLE 341
19.3.1 THE OPTIMIZED LIGHT-DUTY CAR BODY 343
19.3.1.1 LIGHTWEIGHT METALLIC MATERIALS FOR LIGHTWEIGHT CAR BODIES 343
19.3.1.2 OPTIMIZED JOINING PROCESSES FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATIONS 345
19.3.2 THE AUTOMOTIVE POWER TRAIN AND THE PROPULSION SYSTEM OF
LIGHT-DUTY
CARS 346
19.3.2.1 RESIDUAL STRESSES IN COMPONENTS 347
19.3.2.2 WEAR AND LUBRICATION 348
19.3.2.3 POLYMERIC MEMBRANES FOR FUEL CELLS (PEMFCS) 349
19.3.2.4 NANOCRYSTALLINE METAL HYDRIDES FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE 350
19.4 OTHER TRANSPORT SYSTEMS 352
REFERENCES 353
20 IN SITU
EXPERIMENTS WITH SYNCHROTRON HIGH-ENERGY X-RAYS AND
NEUTRONS 365
PETER STARON, TORBEN FISCHER, THOMAS LIPPMANN, ANDREAS STARK, SHAHROKH
DANESHPOUR, DIRK SCHNUBEL, ECKART UHLMANN, ROBERT GERSTENBERGER, BETTINA
CAMIN,
WALTER REIMERS, ELISABETH EIDENBERGER-SCHOBER, HELMUT CLEMENS, NORBERT
HUBER, AND
ANDREAS SCHREYER
20.1 INTRODUCTION 365
20.2 IN SITU DILATOMETRY 366
20.2.1 MOTIVATION 366
20.2.2 FLEXITHERM 366
20.2.3 RESULTS 367
20.3 IN SITU STUDY ON SINGLE OVERLOAD OF FATIGUE-CRACKED SPECIMENS 368
20.3.1 MOTIVATION 368
20.3.2 EXPERIMENTAL 369
20.3.3 RESULTS 369
20.4 IN SITU CUTTING EXPERIMENT 370
20.4.1 MOTIVATION 370
20.4.2 EXPERIMENT 371
20.4.3 RESULTS 371
20.5 IN SITU STUDY OF PRECIPITATION KINETICS USING NEUTRONS 372
20.5.1 MOTIVATION 372
20.5.2 EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS 372
20.5.3 RESULTS 373
20.6 CONCLUSIONS 373
REFERENCES 374
21 APPLICATION OF PHOTONS AND NEUTRONS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION AND
DEVELOPMENT OF ADVANCED STEELS 377
ELISABETH EIDENBERGER-SCHOBER, RONALD SCHNITZER, GERALD A. ZICKLER,
MICHAEL
EIDENBERGER-SCHOBER, MICHAEL BISCHOF, PETER STARON, HARALD LEITNER,
ANDREAS SCHREYER,
AND HELMUT CLEMENS
21.1 INTRODUCTION 377
21.2 CHARACTERIZATION USING SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 378
21.2.1 EX SITU AND
IN SITU HIGH-ENERGY X-RAY DIFFRACTION (HE-XRD) DURING
HEATING 378
21.2.2 SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING (SAXS) 380
21.2.3 IN SITU HIGH-ENERGY X-RAY DIFFRACTION UNDER TENSILE LOADING 381
21.3 CHARACTERIZATION USING SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON SCATTERING (SANS) 382
21.3.1 USE OF SANS TO STUDY PRECIPITATES IN STEELS 382
21.3.1.1 ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY HARDENING CARBIDES 382
21.3.1.2 ANALYSIS OF INTERMETALLIC PRECIPITATES 383
21.3.2 IN SITU SANS DURING CONTINUOUS AND ISOTHERMAL AGING 386
21.3.3 SANS WITH VARIABLE MAGNETIC FIELD 388
21.4 CONCLUSIONS 388
REFERENCES 390
22
THE CONTRIBUTION OF HIGH-ENERGY X-RAYS AND NEUTRONS TO
CHARACTERIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERMETALLIC TITANIUM
ALUMINIDES 395
THOMAS SCHMOELZER, KLAUS-DIETER LISS, PETER STARON, ANDREAS STARK,
EMANUEL
SCHWAIGHOFER, THOMAS LIPPMANN, HELMUT CLEMENS, AND SVEA MAYER
22.1 INTRODUCTION 395
22.2 HIGH-ENERGY X-RAYS AND NEUTRONS 396
22.3 IN SITU INVESTIGATION OF PHASE EVOLUTION 398
22.3.1 GENERAL ASPECTS 398
22.3.2 PHASE EVOLUTION IN SS/Y-ALLOYS 399
22.3.3 FORMATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF A TRANSITION PHASE 401
22.3.4 FORMATION OF LAMELLAR MICROSTRUCTURE 405
22.4 ATOMIC ORDER AND DISORDER IN TLA1 ALLOYS 409
22.5 RECOVERY AND RECRYSTALLIZATION DURING DEFORMATION OF TIAL 412
22.5.1 GENERAL ASPECTS 412
22.5.2 ANALYSIS OF DIFFRACTION DATA 414
22.5.3 HOT DEFORMATION OF A MULTI-PHASE ALLOY 415
22.6 LATTICE PARAMETER AND THERMAL EXPANSION 418
22.7 CONCLUSIONS 419
REFERENCES 420
23
IN SITU
PLAUE: INSTRUMENTAL SETUP FOR THE DEFORMATION OF MICRON SIZED
SAMPLES 425
CHRISTOPH KIRCHLECHNER, JOZEF KECKES, JEAN 5.
MICHA, AND GERHARD DEHM
23.1 INTRODUCTION 425
23.1.1 PLAUE DIFFRACTION, A SHORT INTRODUCTION 426
23.2 EXPERIMENTAL INSTRUMENTATION 427
23.2.1 THE STRAINING DEVICE 427
23.2.2 THE SYNCHROTRON BEAMLINE 428
23.2.3 THE EXPERIMENT 429
23.2.4 DATA ANALYSIS 430
23.2.5 EXAMPLE: / S/TA DEFORMATION OF A COPPER PILLAR 430
23.3 DISCUSSION 433
23.3.1 DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF THE PILLAR 433
23.3.2 TAILS OF THE PRIMARY BEAM 433
23.3.3 SAMPLE MOVEMENTS DURING DEFORMATION 435
23.3.4 STREAKING OF LAUE PATTERNS 435
23.4 CONCLUSION 436
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 436
REFERENCES 436
24 RESIDUAL STRESSES IN THIN FILMS AND COATED TOOLS: CHALLENGES AND
STRATEGIES FOR THEIR NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION
METHODS 439
MANUELA KLAUS AND CHRISTOPH GENZEL
24.1 INTRODUCTION 439
24.2 COMPILATION OF APPROACHES TO MEET THE CHALLENGES IN THIN FILM X-RAY
STRESS
ANALYSIS (XSA) 441
24.2.1 STRESS ANALYSIS UNDER GRAZING AND GLANCING DIFFRACTION CONDITIONS
441
24.2.2 SEPARATION OF RESIDUAL STRESS AND COMPOSITION GRADIENTS 444
24.3 FINAL REMARKS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 447
REFERENCES 448
INDEX 451
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author2 | Staron, Peter 1962- Schreyer, Andreas 1963- Clemens, Helmut 1957- Mayer, Svea 1981- |
| author2_role | edt edt edt edt |
| author2_variant | p s ps a s as h c hc s m sm |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1130250504 (DE-588)1015467431 (DE-588)1130251136 (DE-588)1130251365 |
| author_facet | Staron, Peter 1962- Schreyer, Andreas 1963- Clemens, Helmut 1957- Mayer, Svea 1981- |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044258552 |
| classification_rvk | UH 6650 UQ 8010 ZM 3700 ZM 3800 |
| classification_tum | WER 770f |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)992509515 (DE-599)DNB1103825070 |
| dewey-full | 540 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 540 - Chemistry and allied sciences |
| dewey-raw | 540 |
| dewey-search | 540 |
| dewey-sort | 3540 |
| dewey-tens | 540 - Chemistry and allied sciences |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Physik Werkstoffwissenschaften Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik |
| edition | Second edition |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| id | DE-604.BV044258552 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:48:00Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)16179388-5 |
| isbn | 9783527335923 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029663547 |
| oclc_num | 992509515 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-11 DE-83 DE-20 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-11 DE-83 DE-20 DE-91G DE-BY-TUM |
| physical | xxiv, 462 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme (teilweise farbig) |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications edited by Peter Staron, Andreas Schreyer, Helmut Clemens, and Svea Mayer Second edition Weinheim Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA [2017] © 2017 xxiv, 462 Seiten Illustrationen, Diagramme (teilweise farbig) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung (DE-588)4067689-4 gnd rswk-swf Hochleistungswerkstoff (DE-588)4312250-4 gnd rswk-swf Mikrostruktur (DE-588)4131028-7 gnd rswk-swf Neutronenstrahlung (DE-588)4221352-6 gnd rswk-swf Synchrotronstrahlung (DE-588)4184235-2 gnd rswk-swf Aeronautic & Aerospace Engineering Bauingenieur- u. Bauwesen Baustoffe Civil Engineering & Construction Construction Materials Festkörperphysik Luft- u. Raumfahrttechnik Maschinenbau Materials Characterization Materials Science Materialwissenschaften Mechanical Engineering Physics Physik Solid State Physics Werkstoffprüfung Chemie (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Neutronenstrahlung (DE-588)4221352-6 s Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung (DE-588)4067689-4 s Hochleistungswerkstoff (DE-588)4312250-4 s Mikrostruktur (DE-588)4131028-7 s DE-604 Synchrotronstrahlung (DE-588)4184235-2 s Staron, Peter 1962- (DE-588)1130250504 edt Schreyer, Andreas 1963- (DE-588)1015467431 edt Clemens, Helmut 1957- (DE-588)1130251136 edt Mayer, Svea 1981- (DE-588)1130251365 edt Wiley-VCH (DE-588)16179388-5 pbl Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, ePDF 978-3-527-68451-9 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, ePub 978-3-527-68450-2 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, Mobi 978-3-527-68449-6 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe, oBook 978-3-527-68448-9 http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/dt/books/ISBN978-3-527-33592-3/ Verlag DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029663547&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung (DE-588)4067689-4 gnd Hochleistungswerkstoff (DE-588)4312250-4 gnd Mikrostruktur (DE-588)4131028-7 gnd Neutronenstrahlung (DE-588)4221352-6 gnd Synchrotronstrahlung (DE-588)4184235-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4067689-4 (DE-588)4312250-4 (DE-588)4131028-7 (DE-588)4221352-6 (DE-588)4184235-2 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications |
| title_auth | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications |
| title_exact_search | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications |
| title_full | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications edited by Peter Staron, Andreas Schreyer, Helmut Clemens, and Svea Mayer |
| title_fullStr | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications edited by Peter Staron, Andreas Schreyer, Helmut Clemens, and Svea Mayer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications edited by Peter Staron, Andreas Schreyer, Helmut Clemens, and Svea Mayer |
| title_short | Neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science |
| title_sort | neutrons and synchrotron radiation in engineering materials science from fundamentals to applications |
| title_sub | from fundamentals to applications |
| topic | Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung (DE-588)4067689-4 gnd Hochleistungswerkstoff (DE-588)4312250-4 gnd Mikrostruktur (DE-588)4131028-7 gnd Neutronenstrahlung (DE-588)4221352-6 gnd Synchrotronstrahlung (DE-588)4184235-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Zerstörungsfreie Werkstoffprüfung Hochleistungswerkstoff Mikrostruktur Neutronenstrahlung Synchrotronstrahlung Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://www.wiley-vch.de/publish/dt/books/ISBN978-3-527-33592-3/ http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029663547&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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