Biotechnology regulation and trade:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cham, Switzerland
Springer
[2017]
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Natural resource management and policy
volume 51 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | ASH01 GEM01 UBT01 UBY01 UPA01 Volltext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 275 Seiten) Diagramme, Karte |
| ISBN: | 9783319532950 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-3-319-53295-0 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804177430970105856 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Biotechnology regulation and trade
Autor: Smyth, Stuart J
Jahr: 2017
Contents
Part I The Dynamics of Transformative Innovation
1 GM Crop Development: Solution or Another Problem?..................3
Twenty Years of Biotechnology Benefits..............................................3
Global Distribution of Benefits..............................................................4
North America..................................................................................5
South America..................................................................................6
India................................................................................................7
China................................................................................................8
Philippines........................................................................................9
Africa................................................................................................9
Summary of Economic Benefits............................................................10
Implications..........................................................................................12
References............................................................................................13
2 Winners and Losers from Innovation and Trade..............................17
Introduction..........................................................................................17
Background..........................................................................................18
Methodology........................................................................................21
A GM-Based Technological Change....................................................26
Conclusions..........................................................................................30
References............................................................................................31
3 Domestic Regulatory Approval Costs................................................33
Introduction..........................................................................................33
Background..........................................................................................34
Meta-analysis........................................................................................35
The Data................................................................................................37
Constructed Cost Analyses................................................................40
Economic Welfare Analysis..............................................................45
The Industry Estimates......................................................................46
Empirical Analysis................................................................................47
vii
viii Contents
Conclusion and Implications..................................................................51
References............................................................................................52
4 Global Trade Impacts from Low Level Presence..............................55
Introduction..........................................................................................55
Background..........................................................................................56
Theoretical Considerations....................................................................59
Practical Effects....................................................................................61
Conclusions..........................................................................................70
References............................................................................................72
Part II The Dynamics of the Institutional Regulatory
Architecture
5 International Governance in the 21st Century..................................77
Introduction..........................................................................................77
The International Trade Model, Circa 1947 ..........................................79
Exceptions: Discrimination....................................................................87
Protection of Public Morals..............................................................88
Conservation of Exhaustible Natural Resources................................88
Marks of Origin................................................................................88
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures................................................89
Technical Barriers to Trade..............................................................89
Marginalized Members of Civil Society................................................90
Consequences of the Inability to Accommodate
New Protectionists................................................................................93
The Need for a New Economic Model for the Governance
of International Trade............................................................................94
References............................................................................................95
6 Governance Challenges from Transformative Technologies............99
Introduction..........................................................................................99
Regulatory Innovation..........................................................................101
The Risk Analysis Framework..............................................................107
The Regulatory Void............................................................................109
Intellectual Architecture........................................................................112
Risk Analysis and the Precautionary Principle..................................112
International Trade............................................................................114
Intellectual Property..........................................................................115
Is There a Way Forward?......................................................................117
Only a Few Steps Along the Way........................................................121
References............................................................................................122
7 The Impact of Barriers to Trade on Investment..............................125
Introduction..........................................................................................125
Science-Based Decision-Making and Trade Barriers..............................129
Contents ix
The Costs of Incomplete International Regulations................................137
A Framework for Analysis....................................................................141
Whither Science-Based Trade Regulations?..........................................143
References............................................................................................144
8 International Treaty Precedence........................................................147
Introduction..........................................................................................147
When International Agreements Conflict—What Is the Law?................148
Socio-economic Considerations............................................................152
Critical Assessment of SEC Regulations..............................................158
Labor Impacts..................................................................................158
Intellectual Property Rights..............................................................160
Religious/Cultural............................................................................160
Market Access and Trade..................................................................162
Consumer Choice..............................................................................163
Policy Implications................................................................................164
References............................................................................................166
Part III Breaking the Gridlock
9 Refining the Risk Analysis Framework..............................................171
Introduction..........................................................................................171
International Scope of Science-Based Risk Assessment........................173
The Politicization of Risk......................................................................175
Socio-economic Regulatory Frameworks..............................................179
Conclusions..........................................................................................183
References............................................................................................183
10 Coexistence Policies and Strategies....................................................187
Introduction..........................................................................................187
Coexistence in Theory and Practice......................................................188
Efficient Markets and Coexistence........................................................190
Market-Making Actors..........................................................................192
Critical Assessment of the Challenges of Coexistence..........................193
The Morality of Sustaining Choice..................................................193
The Lemons Problem........................................................................194
Standards..........................................................................................199
Labeling............................................................................................200
The WTO and Low Level Presence......................................................201
Conclusions..........................................................................................208
References............................................................................................209
11 Multilateral Trade Negotiation Options............................................213
Introduction..........................................................................................213
Background..........................................................................................214
Institutional Analysis and Development Framework..............................219
x Contents
A New Intellectual Architecture?..........................................................220
Nationalized Regulation and Governance..........................................223
Development of Expertise in Specialized Institutions........................224
Industry-Based Management............................................................225
Intergovernmental Negotiations........................................................225
Reference to Eminent Persons ........................................................227
Disputes and Case Law..................................................228
Parallel or Convergent Paths............................................................229
Conclusions..........................................................................................232
References............................................................................................232
12 Labeling and Preferential Trade Deals..............................................235
Introduction..........................................................................................235
Labeling in the Multilateral Rules of Trade..........................................237
Can Preferential Trade Agreements Resolve Gm
Labeling Concerns?..............................................................................240
Members of Preferential Trade Agreements and Non-members............243
What Can One Expect for Agricultural Biotechnology
from the T-TIP, TPP and CETA?..........................................................245
Conclusions..........................................................................................248
References............................................................................................249
13 Liability and Redress Regimes............................................................251
Introduction..........................................................................................251
Compensation Funds as Ex Ante Commitments....................................253
African Agricultural Commodity Exports..............................................254
Dimensions and Structure of a Credible Liability Fund........................257
Conclusions..........................................................................................261
References............................................................................................261
14 Alternate Futures for Food Security..................................................263
Introduction..........................................................................................263
The State of Play in the World of GM Crops........................................264
A New International Economic (Dis)order?..........................................268
References............................................................................................271
Index............................................................................................................273
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| spelling | Smyth, Stuart James Verfasser aut Biotechnology regulation and trade Stuart J. Smyth, William A. Kerr, Peter W.B. Phillips Cham, Switzerland Springer [2017] © 2017 1 Online-Ressource (xxi, 275 Seiten) Diagramme, Karte txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Natural resource management and policy volume 51 Political science Public policy Economic policy Agricultural economics Environmental economics Political Science and International Relations Public Policy Economic Policy Agricultural Economics Environmental Economics Politische Wissenschaft Wirtschaftspolitik Kerr, William A. 1947- Verfasser (DE-588)129351806 aut Phillips, Peter W. Verfasser aut Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 978-3-319-53293-6 Natural resource management and policy volume 51 (DE-604)BV043722651 51 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53295-0 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029662256&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Smyth, Stuart James Kerr, William A. 1947- Phillips, Peter W. Biotechnology regulation and trade Natural resource management and policy Political science Public policy Economic policy Agricultural economics Environmental economics Political Science and International Relations Public Policy Economic Policy Agricultural Economics Environmental Economics Politische Wissenschaft Wirtschaftspolitik |
| title | Biotechnology regulation and trade |
| title_auth | Biotechnology regulation and trade |
| title_exact_search | Biotechnology regulation and trade |
| title_full | Biotechnology regulation and trade Stuart J. Smyth, William A. Kerr, Peter W.B. Phillips |
| title_fullStr | Biotechnology regulation and trade Stuart J. Smyth, William A. Kerr, Peter W.B. Phillips |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biotechnology regulation and trade Stuart J. Smyth, William A. Kerr, Peter W.B. Phillips |
| title_short | Biotechnology regulation and trade |
| title_sort | biotechnology regulation and trade |
| topic | Political science Public policy Economic policy Agricultural economics Environmental economics Political Science and International Relations Public Policy Economic Policy Agricultural Economics Environmental Economics Politische Wissenschaft Wirtschaftspolitik |
| topic_facet | Political science Public policy Economic policy Agricultural economics Environmental economics Political Science and International Relations Public Policy Economic Policy Agricultural Economics Environmental Economics Politische Wissenschaft Wirtschaftspolitik |
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