Using political ideas:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Chichester, West Sussex
John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
[2014]
|
| Ausgabe: | Sixth edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes index |
| Beschreibung: | xvi, 480 pages 24 cm |
| ISBN: | 9781118708385 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
About the Author xiii
Preface to the Sixth Edition xv
PARTI INTRODUCTION
Chapter 1 What is Political Theory? 3
This chapter defines terms such as ‘political theory‘political
philosophy’ and ‘ideology and clarifies the meaning of the
various terms used by political theorists in discussing ideas
and concepts.
Chapter 2 Ideology 19
In the eighteenth century^ the term ‘ideology’ literally meant
‘the science of ideas’. Now it refers to an action-guiding set of
political beliefs. This chapter examines different concepts of
ideology and their significance for political theory.
Marx on Ideology 20
Ideology Since Marx 23
Conceptual Problems 29
PART II IDEOLOGIES
Chapter 3 Liberalism 39
This chapter focuses on the ideas of classical liberalism and
then considers the more socially oriented ideas of the last
century and some of the late-twentieth-century revisions made
by neo-liberals and their communitarian critics.
The Ingredients of Liberalism 41
The Liberal Model: Perpetual Motion? 51
Why Does the Liberal Value the Individual so Highly? 55
v
vi CONTENTS
Do I Know My Own Interests? 58
Liberals and Welfare States 61
Liberalism Today 65
Chapter 4 Marxism 73
The principles of Marx s own theory are explained in this
chapter; which also gives a brief account of later developments
of Marxist theory and offers a critical perspective.
Problems in Reading Marx 74
The Vocabulary of the Dialectic 76
Marx’s Economics 79
The Social Consequences 82
History and Revolution 84
Communist Society 89
Criticizing Marx 91
The Evolution of Marxism 96
Revisionism and Recantation 102
Chapter 5 Socialism 107
This chapter shows how the cluster of socialist ideas are all
interconnected: taken together; they form a socialist philosophy
which this chapter examines point-by-point. The main
objections to socialist thought and practice are then considered.
The Nucleus of Socialism 108
The Changing Face of Socialism 117
Objections to Socialism 124
The Contradictions of Social Democracy 127
Chapter 6 Anarchism 133
Anarchist doctrine has been plagued by the notion of anarchism as
a synonym for disorder and chaos. This chapter dispels this myth
and examines anarchism as arising initially from a feeling of moral
indignation at the corrupt state of society coupled with the perception
that individuals are naturally good. This apparent paradox leads to
the analysis of social evils, at the source of which is the institution of
authority.
The Critique of Authority 135
The Anarchist Order 138
CONTENTS Vh
The Moral Basis of Anarchist Society 138
Freedom within Society 141
Order without Dependence 143
Anarchist Individualism 146
Anarchist Values 148
Contemporary Anarchism 149
Objections to Anarchist Theory 151
The Ethics of Violence 152
Chapter 7 Conservatism 161
Conservatism can be seen as an ideology which derives from
a collection of beliefs and intuitions that form a coherent
worldview. This chapter discusses the connection between
these beliefs and conservative doctrines and offers a critique of
conservative ideology.
Against Change 162
The Virtues of Tradition 166
Human Imperfection and Inequality 168
Conservative Politics 171
The Conservative Mentality 174
Conservatism Today 177
Ideology or Intuition? 179
Chapter 8 Authoritarian Ideologies: 183
Totalitarianism, Fascism, Fundamentalism
Authoritarianism has always existed, in the sense of
‘oppressive elite rule’. ‘Totalitarianism’ was identified by
political scientists as a distinctive political system in the
twentieth century; the concept itself constructed from
generalizations about Nazism and communism, may now be
anachronistic but its animating principle, ‘state totalism’, is
still central to some doctrines and practised by some regimes.
Fascism is a strongly authoritarian ideology which advocates
state totalism. Today’s religious fundamentalisms are also
markedly authoritarian doctrines which appear to have
totalitarian aspirations. After a review of these archetypally
authoritarian doctrines, the chapter offers a theoretical
critique of the ideas of totalitarianism and state
totalism.
viii CONTENTS
Contrasting Dystopias
The Term ‘Totalitarianism’
The ‘Phenomenological’ Approach
The ‘Essentialist’ Analysis
Fascism as Totalitarianism
Fascism as Ideology
The Psychological Roots of Totalitarianism
Fundamentalist Authoritarianism
Totalitarianism Reconsidered
209
205
203
199
198
191
189
188
185
Chapter 9 Feminism
217
Feminism is about the oppression of women by men; it is also
an innovatory form of identity politics. This chapter focuses
on the main social and political issues identified by Western
feminists and their views on human nature, gender, patriarchy
and oppression. Finally, three feminist strategies to combat
oppression are considered.
The Demonization of Women, and of Feminism 218
Feminists and Human Nature 220
Gendered Society 223
Patriarchal Society 225
Women and Capitalism 228
Oppression 232
Feminist Strategies 239
Feminism as Ideology 247
The Green Movement encompasses many controversies and
internal differences and there is now a wealth of material
available on ecological thought. This chapter offers an
overview of the arguments of light and dark Greens and a
consideration of problematic questions, such as whether an
authoritarian state is needed to enforce Green policies.
Shades of Green 255
Economic Arguments 257
Anti-Pollution Arguments 262
Chapter 10 Green Ideologies
253
CONTENTS IX
Moral Arguments 264
Green Utopias 267
Problematic Questions 271
Green Successes 277
Chapter 11 Beyond Ideology: Nationalism 281
Nationalist movements have led to many wars and internecine
disputes. Nationalism invites us to make distinctions between
people based on national or ethnic identity or geographical
location. This chapter argues that such distinctions are not
only shifting and questionable but also analytically suspect.
What is a Nation? 283
The Incoherence of Nationalism 285
The Origins of Nationalism 289
Is Nationalism an Ideology? 291
Nationalism, Liberalism and Democracy 294
Rights of Secession 295
Objections to Nationalism 298
PART III IDEAS
Chapter 12 Democracy 305
Democratic theory specifies not only that people should govern
themselves but also that the purpose of government is the
good of the people. This chapter first gives an account of the
diverse theories of democracy before discussing the problems of
democratic theory and practice.
The Classical Ideal 306
Elitists and Pluralists 311
‘Radical Democracy 315
Democracy s Paradox 320
The Problem of Minorities 322
Democracy and Liberalism 325
Democracy and Truth 328
The Will of the People 331
New Forms of Democracy 333
341
342
346
350
351
361
362
364
368
371
373
377
380
382
389
391
396
398
400
Power, Authority and the State
This chapter deals with the polarity between the state and
the individual citizen by reviewing the concepts of power and
authority. In particular; authority and the obligations imposed
by citizenship are examined: they are important subjective
components that determine our attitude to the contemporary
reality of the state.
What is Power?
What Creates Authority?
Power and Authority
The State Leviathan
Freedom and Rights
This discussion of freedom and rights takes place within a
framework of liberal-democratic thought; it examines some
internal contradictions and the criticisms of liberal freedoms
offered from alternative ideological perspectives.
The Meaning of Freedom
Varieties of Freedom
Freedom and Illusion
The Rights of Man
Human Rights
Special Rights for Women?
Rights and Liberty
The Climate of Tolerance
Citizenship, Obligation and Protest
This chapter considers where obligation ends and where protest
is justified. The duties of citizenship are often discussed in
terms of the question1Why should I obey the lawť This is often
answered by reference to contract and consent theories, which
are considered in this chapter. The possible justifications for
civil disobedience, protest and revolution are then examined.
Contractual Obligation
The Just Government
Self-Interest and Gratitude
Why Do I Obey the Law?
CONTENTS XI
The Right to Protest 402
The Scope of Protest 406
The Right of Revolution 410
Chapter 16 Social Justice and Equality 415
Justice is the highest goal of political life, yet it is injustice
which dominates political debate. Different ideologies produce
radically different theories of justice. This chapter assesses
various theories of justice, and examines the conceptual
problems that surround the ideals of justice and equality.
The Criteria for Justice 417
Liberal, Socialist and fNatural Justice 420
Retributive Justice 428
What is Justice? 430
Nations and Generations 432
Justice and Equality 435
Chapter 17 New Political Dimensions 443
Changing social, economic and demographic circumstances
have affected political ideologies and ideas. New emerging
concepts and doctrines reflect the context in which we live
in the twenty-first century This chapter reviews some of the
political debates which have been stimulated by these new
phenomena.
Religion and Politics 444
Multiculturalism, Diversity and Identity Politics 447
Globalization and Global Terrorism 450
Glossary 455
Index
469
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| spelling | Goodwin, Barbara 1946- Verfasser (DE-588)13901795X aut Using political ideas Barbara Goodwin Sixth edition Chichester, West Sussex John Wiley and Sons, Inc. [2014] © 2014 xvi, 480 pages 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes index Politische Wissenschaft Political science Ideology Politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4076229-4 gnd rswk-swf Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 gnd rswk-swf Politische Theorie (DE-588)4046563-9 gnd rswk-swf Politische Wissenschaft (DE-588)4076229-4 s Ideologie (DE-588)4026486-5 s Politische Theorie (DE-588)4046563-9 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-118-81829-9 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029626588&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Using political ideas |
| title_auth | Using political ideas |
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| title_full | Using political ideas Barbara Goodwin |
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