Introduction to astrochemistry: chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Tokyo
Springer
[2017]
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| Schriftenreihe: | Astronomy and Astrophysics Library
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | TUM01 UBM01 UBT01 URL des Erstveröffentlichers Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Online-Ressource (X, 286 Seiten) Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9784431541714 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-4-431-54171-4 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804177344753041408 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Introduction to Astrochemistry
Autor: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Jahr: 2017
Contents
1 Introduction....................................................................................1
1.1 Matter in Space.........................................1
1.2 Interstellar Matter and Its Circulation........................................2
1.3 Interstellar Molecules..............................................................4
1.4 Importance of Chemistry..........................................................6
1.5 Principal Aim of This Book..................................8
1.6 Units Used in Astronomy........................................................8
1.7 Reaction Rates........................................................................9
References........................................................................................9
2 Derivation of Molecular Abundances..............................................11
2.1 Thermal Emission....................................................................11
2.2 Information Derived from Spectral Line Observations..............13
2.2.1 Radiative Transfer......................................................13
2.2.2 Absorption Coefficient................................................16
2.2.3 Optically Thin Case: Rotation Diagram Analysis..........20
2.2.4 Optically Thick Case..................................................21
2.3 Mechanism Determining Excitation Temperature......................25
2.4 Practical Issues for Deriving Molecular Abundances..................28
2.4.1 Source Structure........................................................28
2.4.2 Forward and Backward Approaches............................30
2.4.3 Molecular Parameters..................................................30
References........................................................................................35
3 Basic Concepts for Gas-Phase Chemical Reactions..........................37
3.1 Chemical Reactions: Macroscopic and Microscopic
Viewpoints..............................................................................37
3.2 Reactions in Interstellar Clouds................................................39
3.3 Ion-Molecule Reactions..........................................................42
3.4 Neutral-Neutral Reactions......................................................47
3.5 Radiative Association Reactions..............................................61
3.6 Dissociative Electron Recombination........................................52
3.7 Photodissociation and Photoionization......................................54
3.8 Timescale of Chemical Reactions............................................58
3.9 Timescale for Chemical Equilibrium........................................60
References.............................................................................62
Chemistry of Diffuse Clouds.............................. 65
4.1 Physical Conditions in Diffuse Clouds................... 65
4.2 Molecules Detected in Diffuse Clouds................... 67
4.3 Carbon Chemistry.................................. 70
4.4 Oxygen Chemistry................................. 75
4.5 Nitrogen Chemistry................................ 77
4.6 Chemical Model of a Diffuse Cloud.................... 78
4.7 CH+ Problem..................................... 81
4.8 H3+ Problem...................................... 83
4.9 Diffuse Interstellar Bands............................ 85
References............................................ 89
Chemistry of Molecular Clouds I: Gas Phase Processes......... 91
5.1 Physical Conditions in Molecular Clouds................. 91
5.2 Molecules in Molecular Cloud Cores.................... 93
5.3 H3+ Chemistry.................................... 97
5.4 Destruction of Molecules........................................................105
5.5 Carbon Chemistry....................................................................107
5.6 Oxygen Chemistry and Its Relation to Carbon Chemistry..........112
5.7 Nitrogen Chemistry................................................................114
5.8 Sulfur Chemistry....................................................................117
5.9 Anion Chemistry....................................................................120
5.10 Gas-Phase Chemical Models and Comparisons
with Observations....................................................................122
References........................................................................................128
Chemistry of Molecular Clouds II: Gas-Grain Processes................131
6.1 Roles of Dust Grains in Astrochemistry....................................131
6.2 Depletion of Atoms and Molecules onto Dust Grains................132
6.3 Grain-Surface Reactions..........................................................138
6.4 Formation of H2 Molecules on Grain Surfaces..........................142
6.5 Formation of Various Molecules on Grain Surfaces..................144
6.6 Desorption of Molecules by Nonthermal Processes....................147
6.7 Observation of Grain Mantles..................................................148
6.8 Gas-Grain Models..................................................................149
6.9 Deuterium Fractionation..........................................................152
References........................................................................................159
7 Chemistry of Star-Forming Regions................................................161
7.1 Introduction.......................................................161
7.2 Formation of Low-Mass Stars..................................................163
7.3 Formation of High-Mass Stars..................................................166
7.4 Chemical Compositions of Low-Mass Star-Forming
Regions..................................................................................167
7.4.1 Hot Corino Chemistry................................................167
7.4.2 Warm Carbon-Chain Chemistry Sources......................170
7.4.3 Chemical Diversity....................................................173
7.5 Chemical Compositions of High-Mass Star-Forming
Regions..................................................................................174
7.5.1 Orion KL....................................................................174
7.5.2 W3(OH) and W3(H20)..............................................176
7.5.3 Infrared Dark Clouds..................................................180
7.6 General Features of Chemical Processes in Star-Forming
Regions..................................................................................180
7.7 Chemical Differentiation Between Oxygen-Bearing
and Nitrogen-Bearing Species..................................................183
7.8 Carbon Chemistry in Low-Mass Star-Forming Regions: Hot
Corino Chemistry and WCCC..................................................185
7.9 Outflow Shocks......................................................................188
7.10 Phosphorous Chemistry in Star-Forming Regions......................192
7.11 Photodissociation Regions........................................................193
7.12 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and PDRs..............196
References........................................................................................201
8 Chemistry of Protoplanetary Disks..................................................205
8.1 Introduction............................................................................205
8.2 Basic Physical Structure of Protoplanetary Disks......................206
8.3 Molecules Detected in Protoplanetary Disks..............................210
8.4 Chemical Processes in Protoplanetary Disks..............................213
8.4.1 Disk Midplane............................................................213
8.4.2 Disk Surface..............................................................216
8.4.3 Molecular Zone..........................................................217
8.4.4 Vertical and Radial Mixing........................................217
8.4.5 Inner Disk..................................................................219
8.5 Chemical Models....................................................................219
8.6 Molecules in Comets..............................................................221
References........................................................................................223
9 Chemical Evolution from Interstellar Clouds to Star-
and Planet- Forming Regions..........................................................227
Further Readings..............................................................................230
10 Appendix 1: Rotational Spectra of Molecules..................................233
10.1 Rigid Rotor............................................................................233
10.2 Rotational Spectra of Diatomic and Linear Molecules................234
10.3 Rotational Spectra of Symmetric-Top Molecules......................236
10.4 Rotational Spectra of Asymmetric-Top Molecules....................238
10.5 Fine Structure in Rotational Transitions....................................239
10.6 Hyperfine Structure of Rotational Transitions............................244
10.7 Internal Rotation and Inversion................................................246
References........................................................................................251
11 Appendix 2: Observational Techniques............................................253
11.1 Atmospheric Transmittance......................................................253
11.2 Antennas................................................................................255
11.3 Receivers................................................................................256
11.3.1 Receiver Configuration................................................256
11.3.2 SIS Mixers................................................................258
11.3.3 HEB Mixers.......................................259
11.3.4 Measurements of Receiver Noise Temperature............260
11.4 Radio Spectrometers................................................................261
11.5 Aperture Synthesis..................................................................262
11.6 Intensity Calibrations..............................................................264
References........................................................................................266
12 Solution to Problems........................................................................267
Index......................................................................................................283
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| spelling | Yamamoto, Satoshi Verfasser aut Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation Satoshi Yamamoto Tokyo Springer [2017] 1 Online-Ressource (X, 286 Seiten) Illustrationen txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Astronomy and Astrophysics Library Physics Physical chemistry Planetology Observations, Astronomical Astronomy / Observations Astronomy, Observations and Techniques Physical Chemistry Kosmochemie (DE-588)4133733-5 gnd rswk-swf Kosmochemie (DE-588)4133733-5 s 1\p DE-604 Erscheint auch als Druck-Ausgabe 978-4-431-54170-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54171-4 Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029612716&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Yamamoto, Satoshi Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation Physics Physical chemistry Planetology Observations, Astronomical Astronomy / Observations Astronomy, Observations and Techniques Physical Chemistry Kosmochemie (DE-588)4133733-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4133733-5 |
| title | Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation |
| title_auth | Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation |
| title_exact_search | Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation |
| title_full | Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation Satoshi Yamamoto |
| title_fullStr | Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation Satoshi Yamamoto |
| title_full_unstemmed | Introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation Satoshi Yamamoto |
| title_short | Introduction to astrochemistry |
| title_sort | introduction to astrochemistry chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation |
| title_sub | chemical evolution from interstellar clouds to star and planet formation |
| topic | Physics Physical chemistry Planetology Observations, Astronomical Astronomy / Observations Astronomy, Observations and Techniques Physical Chemistry Kosmochemie (DE-588)4133733-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Physics Physical chemistry Planetology Observations, Astronomical Astronomy / Observations Astronomy, Observations and Techniques Physical Chemistry Kosmochemie |
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