Russia's empires:
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| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
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| ISBN: | 9780199924394 9780190647629 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Russia's empires |c Valerie A. Kivelson and Ronald Grigor Suny |
| 246 | 1 | |a Russias empires | |
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| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Kolonie | |
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| 651 | 4 | |a Russia |x Colonies |x History | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Russia |x Territorial expansion |x History | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | RUSSIA S EMPIRES
/ KIVELSON, VALERIE A.YYQ(VALERIE ANN)YYEAUTHOR
: 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS / INHALTSVERZEICHNIS
BEFORE EMPIRE: EARLY RUS VISIONS OF DIVERSITY OF LANDS AND PEOPLES
IMPERIAL BEGINNINGS: MUSCOVY
DISRUPTING THE EASY ROAD FROM EMPIRE TO NATION STATE: A THEORETICAL
INTERLUDE
RESPONSIVE RULE AND ITS LIMITS: FORCE AND SENTIMENT IN THE EIGHTEENTH
CENTURY
RUSSIANS IDENTITIES IN THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY: A MULTITUDE OF
POSSIBILITIES
IMPERIAL RUSSIA IN THE MOMENT OF THE NATION, 1801-1855
WAR, REFORMS, REVOLT, AND REACTION
IMPERIAL ANXIETIES: 1905-1914
CLASH AND COLLAPSE OF EMPIRES: 1914-1921
MAKING NATIONS, SOVIET STYLE: 1921-1953
IMPERIAL IMPASSES: REFORM, REACTION, REVOLUTION
THE END OF EMPIRE, 1991-2016? OR NOT?
DIESES SCHRIFTSTUECK WURDE MASCHINELL ERZEUGT.
INDEX
A
Ab ImperiOy 374
Affirmative Action Empire, 310
Afghanistan, 343
Agitprop. See Department of Agitation
and Propaganda
agriculture, 291
Akhmatova, Anna, 374
Aksakov, Konstantin, 161-62
Aleksandr Nevskii (Eisenstein film), 321
Aleksei Mikhailovich (tsar), 60, 73, 74,
91-92; government of, 74; religion of,
60; seal of, 74
Aleksei Petrovich (tsarevich), 96-97,103
Alexander I (emperor), 141-45; character
of, 149; constitution of, 142; death of,
156; government of, 141; politics of, 154;
religion of, 143,153; Unofficial
Committee of, 141; at war, 145,147,149
Alexander II (emperor), 172,186-87,197;
death of, 208; on language, 203; for
reform, 187; reign of, 185
Alexander III (emperor), 203;
anti-Semitism of, 219-20; on radical
movement, 220
Aliev, Heider, 331, 376
allies, of Soviet Russia, 285
America; dominance of, 316; economy of,
346; power of, 381
American Revolution, 80
Amin, Hafizullah, 344
Anna Ivanovna (empress), 101,102,118
Anderson, Benedict, 5, 160, 257
Anderson, Perry, 99
Andropov, Iurii, 334; death of, 348; reign
of, 348
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, 382
anti-capitalism, 208
anti-Communism, 342
Anti-Cosmopolitan Campaign, 317-18
anti-imperialist nationalists, 286
anti-Semitism, 199-200,219; of Alexander
III, 219-20; laws against, 294; in media,
238; in Russia, 222
Apology of a Madman (Chaadaev), 162
Appanage Period, 33,36
Arakcheev, Aleksei, 143,155
Archpriest Avvakum, 60; death of, 61
Argunov, Ivan, 120
aristocracy, 141; politics of, 141
Armenia, 169, 268; demands of,
350-52; founding of, 201p; massacre
of, 353; Soviet Armenia, 306; at war,
277-78
Armenian Communist Party, 322
Armenian Dashnaktsutyun, 268,
270, 278
Armenian Genocide, 332-33
army. See also military; land for, 53;
peasants in, 152-53; in education, 298;
as national, 305; art of Vereshchagin,
213,214y 215; war in, 151-52
Assembly of the Land, 59
405
406
INDEX
Association Agreement, 389
Atarshchikov, Semyon, 174
autocracy; boyars in, 52-53; in empires, 2;
legitimacy of, 266; power of, 52; practice
of, 402; regime of, 241; religion in, 52;
responsibilities of, 89, 107; in Russia,
192; Witte on, 249-50
Autonomous Region, 350
autonomy; of Mongol khans, 41;
of nationality, 339-40; as
Transcaucasian, 278
Avrutin, Eugene, 175
Azerbaijan, 350-53
Azerbaijani Communist Party, 331, 353
Azerbaijan People’s Front, 353
B
Bagirov, Mir Jafar, 297
Baku Congress, 286
Barth, Frederic, 85
Battle of Tannenberg, 262
Bauer, Raymond A., 308
Bekbulatovich, Simeon (tsar), 51
Beketev, Petr, 68
Benkendorff, Aleksandr, 161
Beria, Lavrenti, 297, 324, 325
Berlin Wall, 342
Bessarabians, 284-85
Bialer, Seweryn, 344
Bilibin, Ivan, 245
Birobidzhan. See Jewish Autonomous
Region
Blessed Is the Host of the Heavenly Tsar,
64, 65
Bloody Sunday, 243
Bluntschli, Johann Kaspar, 82-83
Boeck, Brian, 71-72, 109, 127
Bogoliubskii, Andrei, 32-33; legacy of, 36
Bolotov, Andrei, 114
Bolsheviks, 224, 225, 246, 255, 261, 265,
270, 271, 272, 274-286, 288, 304, 313,
314, 319, 347. See also Social Democrats;
Jews in Bolshevik Party, 318
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 145, 147, 149;
invasion of, 148; victory over, 149-50
Borisov, Petr, 155-56
bourgeois nationalism, 253
boyars, 52-53
Brandenberger, David, 309-10
Breslauer, George, 344
Brezhnev, Leonid, 331, 339; death of, 348;
reign of, 343-44; strategy of, 344
Brezhnev Doctrine, 343, 344
Brooks, Jeffrey, 165
Brotherhood (bratstvo), 310, 311
The Brothers Karamazov (Dostoevsky), 216
Brudny, Yitzhak, 337-38
BudiTnik (Alarm Clock), 240
Bukharin, Nikolai, 272, 283, 368
Bulgarin, Fedor, 158-59
Burbank, Jane; on empires, 13-15; on
rights, 235
Bush, George Herbert Walker, 358
Bushkovitch, Paul, 55, 91, 163
Byzantine Empire, 19, 41
C
Caliphate, 5
capitalism, 222; anti-, 208; economy of,
223; rise of, 241
Catherine I (empress), 97
Catherine II (empress) (Catherine the Great),
99,118-19; character of, 89, 106, 110;
death of, 138-39; in French Revolution,
136-37; funeral of, 140; as lawmaker, 110;
legitimacy of, 109; lovers of, 106-7; Loyalty
to, 106-9; for nationalism, 137-38; as
nationalist, 137-38; policies of, 126-29,
208; portrait of, 108, 111; reign of, 103,
106-10; religion of, 109-10, 130-31; at war,
135-37
Caucasian Mountains, 171
Caucasus, 249; of Russia, 178-79
Central Asia, 210-12, 214; conquest of,
213; cotton in, 215; expansion in, 212;
Slavic in, 215
Central Europe, 260
Central Executive Committee of Soviets
of Ukraine, 281
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 319, 343
centralization, 288
Chaadaev, Petr, 162
challenges; of empires, 4, 229; with reform,
193; for rulers, 105-6; of Russia, 8; for
women, 105-6
Chapaev, Vasilii, 311
Index
407
character; of Alexander I, 149; of
Catherine II, 89, 106, 110; of Lenin, 288;
of Nicholas II, 240; of Paul I, 140; of
Peter I, 89; of Russian national, 119
Charter to the Nobility, 99, 100, 126
Charter to the Towns, 126
Chavchavadze, Ilia, 202
Chechnya, 373; as independent, 367,
372-73; invasion of, 372-74
Cherkasskaia, Kuchenei Temriukovna, 55
Cherkasskii, Vladimir, 193
Chernenko, Konstantin, 348
Cherniaev, Mikhail, 211
Cherniavsky, Michael, 116-17
Chernov, Victor, 274
Chernyshevskii, Nikolai, 213
China, Communist Party in, 342
Chinese Eastern Railroad, 238
Chingis Khan (also Genghis Khan), 7n5, 39
Chingissid, 55-56
Chkheidze, Nikolai, 265
Chosen People mythology, 56
Christianity, 20, 54; conversion to, 22-23;
monogamy in, 22; renewing of, 374; as
social glue, 28
Christianization, 23
Christian missionaries, 228
Church, 22. See also Christianity;
Orthodox Church
Churchill, Winston, 314
Church of the Intercession, 24
CIA. See Central Intelligence Agency
civil rights, in Russia, 222
civil society, in USSR, 348
Civil War. See Russian Civil War
Clinton, Hillary Rodham, 394
Cold War, 311-14, 316; divisions of, 27; era of,
315; Europe during, 315; in USSR, 317-23
collectivization, 295-7, 301-2, 304, 307
colonization, 6; acquisition for, 236;
nationalism and, 234; in Russia, 200-201
Commonwealth, 364
communism. See also Communist Party;
Jews in, 222, 294; as national, 290-91;
Tashkent Communists, 285
The Communist Manifesto (Marx), 223
Communist Party, 3, 11, 276, 281; in China,
342; defeat of, 366; demise of, 353-55; for
economy, 295; expectations from, 346-47;
in Georgia, 294-95; for modernity, 362;
as national, 316; policies of, 280, 331; on
race, 295; in republics, 293-94; support
for, 279-80, 287; at war, 277
community; as national, 11,86; of Russia, 117
concentration camps, 263
Conference on Security and Co-operation
in Europe (CSSE), 343
Congress of the Peoples of the East, 286
conservatism, 153-54
Constantine Porphyrogenitus, 19-20
Constituent Assembly, 273
constitution; of Alexander I, 142; of Soviet
Russia, 282
Constitutional Crisis of 1730, 101-2
Constitutional Democrats (Kadets),
246-47, 269-70
Constitutional Monarchy, 102
constructivism, 341
consultation, 91-93
consumerism; rise in, 346; Stalin for, 318-19
conversion; to Christianity, 22-23;
prohibition of, 208-10; in religion,
55-56, 68-69; of Siberia, 70
Cooper, Frederick, 4; on empires, 13-15
corporations, 76
Cossacks, 59; and Jews, 263; culture of, 66;
counter-revolution, 276; in Revolution,
270, 275; origins of, 71; relations with
Muscovites, 72; religion of, 69-70;
resistance from, 194, 196; revolts of,
126-28; role in Muscovy, 127-28; values
of, 71-72; zemstvo, 269
Council of Ministers, 333
Council of State, 186
counter-reforms, 215-20
courts. See judicial system
Cracraft, James, 117
Crews, Robert, 131, 170
Crimea, 128
Crimean War, 184, 184, 191; loss of,
185-86; cross-dressing, 105-6
CSSE. See Conference on Security and
Co-operation in Europe
cultural homogeneities, 4
culture; of Cossacks, 66; of empires, 174-75;
evolution of, 33-34; in geography, 34; of
Georgia, 335; of nation, 84; of peasants,
120-21; rise in, 296; of Russia, 116-21; of
Russification, 199-203; of salons, 104;
of Siberia, 166-67; Silver Age of, 245;
408
INDEX
superiority of, 178; of USSR, 334-36,
338-39; of Yiddish, 294
currency, in Kievan Rus, 30
Czartoryski, Adam, 141, 144, 176
D
Dashnaktsutyun, 268, 270, 278
Davies, Norman, 72
Davies, Sarah, 310
Decembrist Rebellion, 144
Decembrists, 154-55; revolt of, 157;
slaughter of, 156; wives of, 157
Declaration of the Rights of Man, 86-87
decolonization, 233
de-imperialization, 364
Demirchian, Karen, 331
democracy, 49; decline of, 376-77; empires
compared to, 400; introduction of, 359;
socialism compared to, 349-50, 364-65
democratic recession, 376-80
demonstrations, map of, 244
Denikin, Anton, 286
Department of Agitation and Propaganda
(Agitprop), 318
deportations and resettlements, in USSR, 303
Derzhavin, Gavrila, 110
Dictatorship of the Heart, 218
Diderot, Denis, 107-8
Dmitrii Ivanovich (Tsarevich), 57-58
Doctors’ Plot, 317
Dolbilov, Mikhail, 205
Donskoi, Dmitrii (grand prince), 39
Dormition Cathedral, 45
Dostoevsky, Fedor, 216
Drunken Council, 97
Dubcek, Alexander, 343
Duby, Georges, 28
Dudaev, Jokhar, 372
Duma, 251, 254
Duranty, William, 299
E
East Slavic Orthodox, 35
economy; of America, 346; of capitalism,
223; collapse of, 266-67, 274;
Communist Party for, 295; crisis in, 367;
of industry, 243-44; of Mongols, 41; of
peasants, 186; reform of, 187; under
women, 103-4
education; art in, 298; of language, 252,
297; of religion, 202; in Russia, 158, 200,
221; system of, 252
Ehrenburg, Ilya, 312
Eisenstein, Sergei, 320-21
elections, 247, 249; laws of, 377
Elizabeth Petrovna (empress), 49, 103-5;
portrait of, 105
emancipation; of peasants, 142-43, 187-90,
205-6; terms of, 188-90
emperors, 2-3. See also empire
empire. See also Byzantine Empire; Ottoman
Empire; Roman Empire; Russian Empire;
autocracy in, 2; borders of, 261; Burbank
on, 13-15; challenges of, 4,229; colonizing
of, 123; concept of, 116, 290, 358-59,
396-99; Cooper on, 13-15; culture of,
174-75; decline of, 229; as defined, 4;
democracy compared to, 400; division of,
121-34; expansion of, 261; fate of, 228-31,
234; framework of, 12; government of, 74;
historians on, 5; history of, 2-3; lifespan
of, 5; longevity of, 227-28; manifestation
of, 15-16; modernity in, 15,229, 234-36;
of Mongols, 40; as multinational, 62;
nationalism in, 262; nation compared to,
12-13,75; people of, 121-34; railroads for,
237; relevance of, 5; of Rome, 2-3; of
Russia, 1; state as, 77-78; survival of, 6,
260,401; types of, 3; of USSR, 337-40;
utility of, 6; visions for, 251-52; workings
of, 394-95
empire-state, 301-9
Engels, Friedrich, 229
Ermolov, Aleksei, 172
Esipov, Savva, 69
ethnic groups, 84-85; in Russian Empire,
195; social position of, 309; of South
Caucasus, 293
ethnic police, 306
ethnic pride, 317
ethnographic map, 81
ethnonationalism, 234
Etkind, Alexander, 14, 67-68, 133, 180-81
Eurasia, 374-76
Eurasian Union, 392
Europe; during Cold War, 315; map of, 315
Index
409
European Enlightenment, 118
European Union, 5, 315, 388
Evsektsiia, 294
evolution; of culture, 33-34; of Rus, 17-43;
of Russia, 4-8
expansion; in Central Asia, 212; of
empires, 261; of Moscow, 73; of
Muscovites, 70-71; of NATO, 381-85,
383; resistance of, 210-11; of Russia,
66-67, 166-67,171; of Russian Empire,
63, 134-39
The Expansion of England (Seeley), 264
F
False Dmitrii, 57-59
family; of Peter I, 103; war within, 32-33,
37; during World War I, 256
famine, 299; as genocide, 301; mortality of,
300; relief effort for, 220; in Ukraine, 300
fascism, 389
fatherland, 311
Fatherland War, 149
February Days of 1917, 266, 267
“February Revolution of 1917,” 268-69
federalism, 365, 370
Federation Council, 370
Federov, Nikolai, 370
Fedor II Alekseevich (tsar), 91; female rule,
103-4
Ferdinand, Franz, assassination of, 255
Field, Daniel, 190
Figes, Orlando, 183
figurines, 247
Finance Ministry, 206
Finland, 143-44
Finnish Social Democrats, 273
F lor insky, Michael, 90
Ford, Gerald, 343
foreign policy; of Gorbachev, 354; of
Russia, 384; of USSR, 340-44
Franklin, Simon, 23, 29
fraternity, 259
Free Agriculturalist Law, 143
French Revolution, 60, 80, 87; Catherine II
and,136-37
Friendship of the Peoples (Druzhba narodov),
310-11, 323; experience with, 334-37;
fountain of, 337; policies of, 334-37
Fuller, William C., Jr., 154
Fundamental Laws, 236
fur, 19-20, 67-68
G
Gagarin, Iurii, 342
Gaidar, Maria, 401
Galicia, 208
Galician-Volynian, 34
Gamsakhurdia, Zviad, 385
Gellner, Ernest, 231
German, Vladimir, 378-79
Generalissimus. See Stalin, Joseph
Genghis Khan. See Chingis Khan
genocide; famine as, 301; by Stalin, 300
Genscher, Hans-Dietrich, 381
geography; culture in, 34; of Russian
Empire, 122
Georgia, 169; Communist Party in, 294-95;
conflicts with, 385-88; culture of, 335;
language of, 204-5, 333; Muslims in, 333
Gerasimov, Ilya, 374
Germanophilia, 118
Germany, 316. See also Nazi Germany; in
Russian Empire, 123-24; war with, 256
Gessen, Masha, 377, 380
Giovanni di Plano Carpini, 38
Glinskaia, Elena, 55
God, 25; will of, 69
Godunov, Boris, 57, 67-68
Golden Charter, 188
Golden Horde, 35, 39; collapse of, 62
Goldfrank, David, 183
Golike, Vasilii, 158
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 227; agreement with,
359; death of, 376; foreign policy of, 354;
legacy of, 379-80; police of, 357; policies
of, 350-52; proposals by, 355; reign of,
349; on socialism, 349-50; Thatcher on,
348-49; vision of, 349
Gorchakov, Alexander, 211
Gorskii, A. A., 30-31
government, 192; of Alexander I, 141; of
empire, 74; of Kievan Rus, 29; of Aleksei
Mikhailovich, 74; as multi-party, 276;
nationalism in, 252; of nations, 82; racism
in, 207-8; social control by, 190-91
Gramsci, Antonio, 380
410
INDEX
Grand Duchy of Lithuania, 34-35, 55
grand prince, 28. See also Velikii kniaz
Vladimir of Kiev; image of, 30; as ruler,
30-32
Granovskii, Timofei, 163
Grant, Bruce, 179
Great Fatherland War. See World War II
Great Patriotic War, 400
Great Power, 340. See also velikaia
derzhava (Great Power); politics of, 27
Great Power Chauvinism, 296
Great Powers of Europe, 205
Great Purges, 307
Great Reforms, 185-91, 196, 215
Great Retreat, 296
Great Russian Chauvinism; Lenin on, 310;
Stalin on, 310
Great Russians, 308
Great Schism, 26
Great Terror, 296
Great War of 1914-1918. See World War I
Greco, Olga, 110
Greek Orthodoxy, 54, 60
Greenfeld, Liah, 89, 97-98
Gruber, Isaiah, 57-58, 60
Guards Regiments, 102
Gumilev, Nikolai, 375
H
Habsburg, Wilhelm von, 282
Halperin, Charles, 26, 56
Hanseatic League, 34
Harvard Project, 308-9
Hellbeck, Jochen, 326
Herder, Johann Gottfried von, 80
Herzen, Aleksandr, 162-63, 237
hierarchy; in Church, 22; of Orthodox
Church, 41; of peasants, 113-14
historians, 1; on empires, 5
history; of empires, 2-3; of Moscow, 196;
of Rus, 7; of Russia, 1, 12-13, 15-16, 90
Hitler, Adolf, 313
Hoch, Stephen, 189
Holocaust, 312-13
Holodomor (Ukrainian Famine), 299-300
Hosking, Geoffrey, 13, 109, 258
Hrushevskyi, Mykhailo, 246-47, 252
Hypatian Codex, 25
I
Iakut people 67; importance to regime of,
68-69; massacre of, 68; religion of, 68-69
Iaroslavl Province, 190-91
image; of grand prince, 30; of nation, 258;
of Nicholas I, 157-58, 158; of Putin, 371;
of Russia, 159, 161, 386, 394, 402; of
Russian Empire, 75, 87
imperial competition, 239-40
imperial conquest, 62, 64, 66-74; vision
for, 61
imperial England, 15
imperial France, 15
imperialism; as conservatism, 153-54; as
elite, 86; hostility to popular
mobilization, 13; mission of, 199; as
national identity, 15; in religion, 199;
reputation of, 75; World War II on, 315
imperial modernizers, 229-30
imperial nationalism, 199-200, 234
Imperial Russia, 1, 12, 15; adapting of, 87
Imperial Russian Geographic Society, 164
Imperialism, liberal, 265
imperium. See empires
independence; of Chechnya, 367, 372-73;
declaration of, 358; of Ukraine, 282
industry; economy of, 243-44; of jewelry,
33; in Kiev, 32; of railroads, 238; in
Siberia, 67-68
inheritance, 32
Inkeles, Alex, 308
inorodtsy, 166-67
intelligentsia. See Soviet intelligentsia
intelligentyy 213
Iron Curtain, 361
ISIS. See Islamic State of Iraq and Syria
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), 5
Israel; founding of, 318; victory of, 334
Istoriia gosudarstva rossiiskogo (History
of the Russian State) (Karamzin), 177
Ivan III (Ivan the Great) (Grand Prince);
coronation of, 46; reign of, 44; religion
of, 61; seal of, 45, 46; victories of, 61
Ivan IV Vasilevich (Ivan the Terrible)
(tsar), 171; abdication of, 49-51; early
period of, 47-49; Oprichnina of, 49-51;
political culture of, 51; reign of, 1-2,47;
religion of, 47, 51-52; sanity of, 50-51;
suspicions of, 61; taxes for, 48; as tsar,
Index
411
50; victories of, 62; violence of, 52;
warnings from, 66
Ivanov, S. V., 242
Ivan V Alekseevich (tsar), 91-93, 101
Ivan VI Antonovich (emperor), 103
J
Jadidists, 211
Jafarov, Mamed Iusif, 265
Jahn, Hubertus F., 256-57
Japan, 240
JAR. See Jewish Autonomous Region
Jaurès, Jean, 261
jewelry, 33
Jewish Autonomous Region (JAR), 294
Jewish Bund, 223, 270
Jews. See also anti-Semitism; Yiddish;
activism of, 334; in Bolshevik Party, 318;
in communism, 222, 294; deportation
of, 398; monarchs on, 222; nationalism
on, 222; of Pale of Settlement, 175;
persecution of, 263, 317-18; pogroms
against, 209; registering of, 175;
restrictions on, 129; in Russian Empire,
129; vote for, 269
Jones, Gareth, 299
Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow
(Radishchev), 113-14
judicial system; manipulation of, 216;
political trials in, 216-17; reforms of,
193; revolutionary movement in, 216
Jughashvili, Iosip (Stalin), 221. See also
Stalin, Joseph.
K
Kadets. See Constitutional Democrats
Kadyrov, Ramzan, 372
Kaestner, I. K., 107,108
Kaganovich, Lazar, 294
Kaitser (Sparks) (Raffi), 322
Kalashnikov, Ivan, 167
Kamenev, Lev, 368
Kanatchikov, S. I., 218
Das Kapital (Marx), 220
Kappeler, Andreas, 13
Karamzin, Nikolai, 154, 177-78, 210, 338
Karmal, Babrak, 344
Kastelianskii, Abram, 265
Katkov, Mikhail, 164, 196, 207
Kaufman, General Konstantin von, 211, 213
Kazan, conquest of, 64
Kemal, Mustafa (Atatiirk), 230
Kennan, George F., 238, 382
Kerensky, Alexander, 265, 274-75
Kerry, John, 394
KGB, 331, 348
Khlevniuk, Oleg, 324-25
Khodarkovsky, Michael, 66, 174
Khodorkovskii, Mikhail, 371
Khomiakov, Aleksei, 162
Khrushchev, Nikita, 327; for peace, 342; on
reciprocity, 330; removal of, 343; rule of,
331-32; on Stalin, 339
Kiev, 32
Kievan Golden Age, 23
Kievan Rus, 397-98. See also Rus;
currency in, 30; demise of, 38;
government of, 29; Ostrowski on, 29;
period of, 7; religion in, 23, 25-27,
34-35; as state, 29, 31; as stateless head,
30; structure of, 28
King, Charles, 75-76, 388
Kingdom of Poland, 35
Kingdom of Rus, 34
Kliuchevskii, Vasilii, 177
Kluckhohn, Clyde, 308
Kniazhnin, Iakov B., 103, 112, 119-20
Knysh, Alexander, 173
Kollmann, Nancy Shields, 49-50
Koreans, Soviet; exile of, 297; movement
of, 304
Kornilov, Lavr, 274
Kovalevskii, Maxim, 265
Kozyrev, Andrei, 385
Kremlin, 9-10, 36, 45, 57
Kronenberg, S. L., 216
Kukryniksy, 311
Kulikovo Field, 39
Kuchuk Khan, 286
Kuropatkin, A. N., 251
L
Labzina, Anna, 106-7, 111-12, 167
Lakoba, Nestor, 324
412
INDEX
land; angels for, 25; for army, 53;
fragmenting of, 32; for peasants,
53, 274; reform of, 291; of Rus,
17-20
language; Alexander II on, 203; education
of, 252, 297; of Georgia, 204-5, 333; of
Russia, 9-10, 202-3; of Ukraine, 207; of
USSR, 361-62; Yiddish as, 294
laws; against anti-Semitism, 294; and
inequality, 145; electoral, 245, 249;
Free Agriculturalist Law, 143;
Fundamental Laws (Finland), 144;
Fundamental Laws (1832), 153; of
elections, 377; of Russkaia Pravda, 30;
of soslovie, 126-127; of succession,
98, 140; on unigeniture, 101, 102; rule
of law in Muscovy, 50-51; sharia,
172; Siberian (1822), 166; Sudehnik
of 1497, 44; Sudebnik of 1550,
47-48
LeDonne, John, 99, 125
Left Socialist Revolutionaries, 274-76
legacy; of Bogoliubskii, 36; of Gorbachev,
379-80; of Putin, 15
Lenin, Vladimir, 230, 238, 270; character
of, 288; compromise of, 276; death of,
293; on Great Russian Chauvinism, 310;
on nationalism, 286-87; platform of,
272; predictions of, 259; as symbol, 389;
on Ukraine, 282-83; vision of, 280; on
war, 265-66
Leninists. See Communist Party
Lermontov, Mikhail, 180
Lewin, Moshe, 347
liberals, 241, 246-47, 249, 253, 259, 270,
275-77, 279, 280
Lieberman, Victor, 3, 29
Lieven, Dominic, 147
literature, in Russia, 180
Lithuania, 34, 285-86, 350, 353-55, 381
Lithuanians, 267, 285, 340
Litsevoi letopisnyi svod (Illustrated
Chronicle Compendium), 45, 47
Lohr, Eric, 241
Loris-Melikov, Mikhail, 218-19
Lotman, Iurii, 104
Louis XVI (king), 135-36
Lounsbery, Anne, 165, 168
Lukashenka, Aliaksandr, 377
Luxemburg, Rosa, 259, 272
M
Macpherson, James, 177
Madariaga, Isabel de, 136-37
Main Committee, 187-88
Maiorova, Olga, 194
Makarii, Metropolitan, 47, 51, 64
Manifest Destiny, 64
marriage as dynastic politics, 26-27,
34-35, 44, 55
Martin, Alexander, 96
Martin, Terry, 310
Marx, Anthony, 85
Marx, Karl, 220-21, 229, 306
Marxism, 230, 253, 292. See also Marx,
Karl; revolutionary movement; Soviet
Marxism; decline of, 339; eschatology
of, 280; on religion, 306
masculinity, 96-97
Maskhadov, Aslan, 372
Mazzini, Giuseppe, 80-81
media, anti-Semitism in, 238
Medvedev, Dmitrii, 370-71, 377
membrum virile (virile member), 97
Memoir on Ancient and Modern Russia
(Karamzin), 154
Mensheviks, 224, 225, 276, 278, 287. See
also Social Democrats
merchants, in Novgorod, 34
Merkel, Angela, 394
Michael of Chernigov (prince), 38
Michels, Georg, 60
migration, under Stalin, 302
Mikhail Alekseevich (tsar). See Romanov,
Michael
Mikhailova, Yulia, 25-26
military; Muslims in, 197; reform of, 187,
191; shortcomings of, 191
Military-Revolutionary Committee, 275
Miliukov, Pavel, 263, 270
Miliutin, Dmitrii, 191, 213, 250
Miloslavskaia, Maria, 91
Minard, Charles Joseph, 14S
Minin, Kuzma, 58
Mirzoyan, Levon, 297
Misfortune from a Coach (Kniazhnin),
103, 112, 119-20
missionaries, 70, 208
mission civilisatrice (civilizing mission),
228,304
Index
413
Moch, Leslie, 230, 302, 304
modernity; Communist Party for, 362; in
empires, 15, 229, 234-36; railroads as,
237; of Russia, 238
Mogiliner, Marina, 374
monarchs, 266; on Jews, 222; reciprocity
for, 217
Mongolia, 317
Mongols (Mongol khans), 39, 42, 210, 395;
autonomy of, 41; collapse of, 42—43;
domination by, 64; economy of, 41;
empire of, 40; Ostrowski on, 41; religion
of, 38, 41; ruler of, 62
Mongol-Tatar, 7; power relations of, 42
Monomakh, Vladimir, 37
Monument to the Victory, 320
Morozov, Oleg, 371, 399
Morrison, Alexander, 132
Moscow, 35-36. See also Muscovy; attacks
on, 58; expansion of, 73; growth of, 62;
history of, 196; nationalism in, 275;
Olympics in, 336; royalty of, 39; as
widowed, 58
Moskovskie Vedomosti (Moscow News), 164
mothers, 57-58
Motyl, Alexander J., 227
Muggeridge, Malcolm, 299
Murat, Hadji, 174
Muravev, A. M., 156
Muscovites. See also Moscow; advance
of, 66-67; attacks of, 64; Cossacks for,
72; expansion of, 70-71; religion of,
64, 66
Muscovy, 7-8, 35-36, 395-96; as state,
44-45, 47
Musin-Pushkin, Aleksei, 177
Muslims, 55, 169-70, 285, 374; in Georgia,
333; incorporation of, 128; migration of,
168; in military, 197; persecution of,
306; religion of, 268; states of, 62
N
Nagorno-Karabakh, 350-53, 385-88; map
of war, 351
Nairn, Tom, 298
Najibullah, Muhanmad, 344
namestniki (vicegerents), 48
Napoleon- See Bonaparte, Napoleon
Napoleonic Europe, map of, 146
Napoleonic Wars, 145
Narimanov, Nariman, 294
narod (the people, folk), 77-87, 120-22,
128, 161, 162, 196, 217, 220, 222, 252. See
also, Sovetskii narod
narodnost (nationhood), 158, 162, 223
Naryshkina, Natalia, 91
Naryshkin family, 92-93
nation, 76; association of, 82; concept of,
79-80, 116, 160-61, 165; cultures of, 84;
discourse of, 78-87, 121; empire
compared to, 12-13, 75; etymology of,
79; government of, 82; image of, 258;
making of, 231; in modern science, 83;
as primordial, 82; of Russia, 177-81;
state compared to, 149; state for, 77
national anthem, 160, 321-22
National Bolshevism, 309-10
national-colonial, 286
national identity, 194, 196-97, 199, 397;
imperialism as, 15; of USSR, 307
nationalism, 80-81, 249-51, 253-54;
association of, 82; Catherine II for,
137-38; as colonizing, 234; in empires,
262; in government, 252; on Jews, 222;
Lenin on, 286-87; in Moscow, 275;
motivation of, 85; as official, 332; in
Petrograd Soviet, 275; power of, 272;
rise of, 121, 252; supporters of, 339;
as un-orthodox, 332
nationalist movements, 221-22
Nationalist Party, 249
nationality; autonomy of, 339-40; concept
of, 159-60, 165; importance of, 308;
instrument of, 263; policy of, 306; across
revolutionary divide, 266-75
nationality policies, 306; conflicts with,
284; of Soviet Russia, 280-88
nation-state, 77-78
nativization, 294-95
NATO, 315, 367; expansion of, 381-85,
383; map of, 383
Naval Statute, 98
Nazarbaev, Nursultan, 376
Nazi Germany; brutality of, 313; invasion
by, 312
Nazimov, V. I., 187
Nazi-Soviet Pact, 313
Nemtsov, Boris, 372
414
INDEX
Nevskii, Aleksandr, 311
New Economic Policy (NEP), 288, 307
New Israel, 57
Newlin, Thomas, 114
New Russians, 369
New World Order, 366
Nicholas I (emperor), 156, 167, 186; fashion
of, 158; illness of, 187; image of, 157-58,
158; reign of, 157-61; religion of, 158
Nicholas II (emperor), 222,242; abdication
of, 266; character of, 240; reign of, 240-41
Nixon, Richard, 343
Norris, Stephen M., 150-51
Novgorod, 24, 34
Novikov, Nikolai, 106
Novyi Mir (New World), 339
Nun-Ingerflom, Claudio Sergio, 59-60
O
October Revolution, 275; second of, 343
Octobrist party, 255
Official Nationality, 158-60, 187
Old Believer Movement, 60
Old Regime, 95, 188
Olympics, 348; in Moscow, 336
Oprichnina; interpretations of, 50;
of Ivan IV, 49-51
Orjonikidze, Sergo, 288, 294-95
Orlov, Mikhail, 178
Orlova, Liubov , 337
Orthodox Church, 7, 20, 27, 165;
contesting of, 35; hierarchy of, 41;
support of, 61; unity of, 35
Orthodox Slavs, 62
Orwell, George, 348
Ossian (Celtic poet), 177
Ostrowski, Donald; on Kievan Rus, 29;
on Mongol khans, 41
Ottoman Empire, 64, 183, 185, 260;
religion in, 197, 199
Ottomanism, 229
P
pagans, 25-26
Pagden, Anthony, 2, 3n2
Pale of Settlement, 175
Panin, Nikita, 101
Pankratova, Anna, 321
Patriarch Iov, 57
Patriarch Nikon, 60-61
patriotism; Jahn on, 256-57; in Russia,
117-18; during war, 149-50
Paul I (emperor); character of, 140; death
of, 141; policies of, 140-41
peasants, 231; in army, 152-53;
commitment to, 189; culture of, 120-21;
customs of, 165; economy of, 186;
emancipation of, 142-43,187-90,
205-6; equality for, 236; hierarchy of,
113-14; land for, 53, 274; landlords of,
112-13; of Peter I, 134-35; in radical
movement, 218; religion of, 113, 206;
resettlement of, 237-38; submission of,
299-301; votes for, 192; at war, 277
Pecheneg, 26
people. See also zemlia; of empire, 121-34;
of Rus, 18-20, 21-23, 25-27; of Russian
Civil War, 285
People s Commissariat of Nationality
Affairs, 293, 295
People s Commissar of Nationalities, 292
The People s Will, 218
persecution; of Jews, 263, 317-18; of
Muslims, 306; of religion, 32, 85; in
revolutionary movement, 218
Pestel, Pavel, 155
Peter (Tsarevich of the Horde), 56
Peter I Alekseevich (Peter the Great)
(emperor), 89-99, 101, 103, 109, 111, 112;
character of, 89; family of, 103; as father,
96; peasants of, 134-35; policies of,
124-25; reign of, 93-99; rule of, 8-9;
successors of, 98-114; vision of, 90,
98-99; in war, 134-35; Zitser on, 96-97
Peter II (emperor), 97,101, 103
Peter III (emperor), 118, 121,126; death of,
106-7
Petrograd Soviet, 266, 270, 273;
nationalism in, 275
Petrukhintsev, N. N., 124-25
Philosophical Letter (Chaadaev), 162
Piatakov, Giorgii, 272
Pilsudski, Jozef, 286
Pimokenko, Mykola, 219
Platonov, S. F., 58-59
Plehve, Viacheslav von, 238
Index
415
Plokhy, Serhii, 73, 358, 360
Pogodin, Mikhail (M. P.) 187, 196, 210
Poland, 34, 144, 155, 205; exiles from, 206;
incorporation of, 175-76; map of, 137;
partitions of, 135-7; prejudice in, 207-8;
uprisings; of 1830, 168, 175-7; of 1863,
205-7; vampires, 205; war with, 135-37
police; corruption in, 331, 355, 357; of
Gorbachev, 357
policies; of Catherine II, 126-29, 208; of
Communist Party, 280, 331;
contradiction of, 337; of Friendship of
the Peoples, 334-37; of Gorbachev,
350-52; of nationality, 306; of Paul I,
140-41; of Peter I, 124-25; of Putin, 371,
384; on religion, 129-34, 201; of Russian
Empire, 125; in Russification, 200n30;
on vices, 172
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, 35;
politics of, 70-71
Polish Socialist Party (PPS), 221
political ethnicity, 3
political parties, 224t-225t
politics, 1; of affirmation, 91-93; of
Alexander I, 154; of aristocracy, 141; goal
of, 378; of Great Power, 27; of Polish-
Lithuanian Commonwealth, 70-71; of
USSR, 324; working class in, 275-76
Pollard, Alan, 161
polyglot, 35, 37
population; differentiation of, 363; of
Russian Empire, 134; solidarity in, 249;
unmixing of, 354
population politics, 230
Populism, 223, 224
postcolonial theory, 402
power; of America, 381; of autocracy, 52;
distribution of, 2; of nationalism, 272;
of Stalin, 301-2; struggle for, 358
Pozharskii, Dmitrii, 58
PPS. See Polish Socialist Party
Prague, 343
Pravilova, Ekaterina, 99-100, 206-7
president; Putin as, 368; of Ukraine, 377;
Yeltsin as, 366-68
Primakov, Evgenii, 367
primogeniture, tradition of, 22
prince, claim as, 29-30
Progressivist Bloc, 265
Prokopovich, Feofan, 118
Prokudin-Gorskii, Sergei Mikhailovich, 231
property rights, 99-100
Provisional Government, 266, 269, 273
Przeworski, Adam, 379
Pugachev, Emelian, 126, 186
purges under Stalin, 294, 296-7, 302, 307,
309, 316
Pushkin, Alexander, 168,172, 177-78
Pussy Riot, 379, 381
Putin, Vladimir, 1, 380, 397; anger of, 382;
anti-gay policies, 374-5, 379; image of,
371; intent of, 401; legacy of, 15; policies
of, 371, 384; popularity of, 379, 391; as
president, 368; rebuilding by, 368-76;
regime of, 379; strategies of, 390; on
USSR, 369-70
Q
Qipiani, Dmitri, 204
R
race; Communist Party on, 295; in
government, 207-8
radical movement. See also revolutionary
movement; Alexander III on, 220;
failures for, 218; peasants in, 218;
philosophies of, 241; in Russia, 87;
students in, 217-18; women in, 217
Radishchev, Alexander, 113
Raeff, Marc, 112, 142
Raffensperger, Christian, 26
Raffi (writer), 322
railroads, 236; for empires, 237; industry
of, 238; as modernity, 237; for state, 237
Ransel, David, 100-101
Razin, Stenka, 59
Razin Rebellion, 59
Reagan, Ronald, 290, 348; star wars
program of, 350; on USSR, 355
Realpolitiky 342
rebellion; by Pugachev, 186; women
of, 258
reciprocity, 6-13, 49, 51, 89, 92, 102, 107,
110, 218, 241, 311, 325, 368, 394, 396,
400; conscience of, 217; Khrushchev on,
330; modes of, 241; for monarchs, 217
416
INDEX
Reds (film), 286
Red Terror, 280
Reed, John, 286
reform; Alexander II for, 187; challenges
with, 193; of economy, 187; of judicial
system, 193; of land, 291; of military,
187, 191
regime; as autocratic, 241; distrust of, 258;
of Putin, 379
reign; of Sophia Alekseevich, 93; of
Alexander II, 185; of Andropov, 348; of
Brezhnev, 343-44; of Catherine II, 103,
106-10; of Gorbachev, 349; of Ivan IV,
1-2, 47; of Nicholas I, 157-61; of
Nicholas II, 240-41; of Peter I, 93-99; of
women, 103-4
religion. See also Christianity; God; Greek
Orthodoxy; Orthodox Church; Russian
Orthodoxy; of Alexander 1,143, 153; in
autocracy, 52; of Catherine II, 109-10,
130-31; classifying as, 122; conversion
in, 55-56, 68-69; of Cossacks, 69-70;
defender of, 170; education of, 202;
feuds of, 60; of Iakut people, 68-69;
imperialism in, 199; of Ivan III, 61; of
Ivan IV, 47, 51-52; in Kievan Rus, 23,
25-27, 34-35; in marriage, 35; Marxism
on, 306; of Mikhailovich, 60; of Mongol
khans, 38,41; of Muscovites, 64, 66; of
Muslims, 268; of Nicholas 1,158; in
Ottoman Empire, 197, 199; of peasants,
113, 206; persecution of, 32, 85; policies
on, 129-34, 201; protection of, 138;
regulation of, 208-10; in Rus, 54-55; in
Russia, 169-70; in Siberia, 70; of
Slavophiles, 162; in Time of Troubles,
58; war of, 261; of Zasulich, 217
Remezov, Semyon Ulianovich, 70, 80, 81;
illustration by, 71
Republic of Tatarstan, treaty with,
371-72
republics; Communist Parties in, 293-94;
declaration of, 266; as national, 297;
of USSR, 355
revolution, 396-97. See also specific
revolutions; of Stalin, 295
revolutionary divide; class across, 266-75;
nationality across, 266-75
revolutionary movement; Bloody Sunday
for, 243; clashes in, 244; energy of, 243;
in judicial system, 216; Marx, K., for,
221; persecution in, 218
Rice, Condoleezza, 386-87
Riga, Liliana, 226
Right Socialist Revolutionaries, 276
Riurik (prince), 18-19
Riurikid dynasty, 52, 57
Rodzianko, Mikhail, 255-56
Rogger, Hans, 119
Roman Empire, 2-3, 87
Romanov, Michael (Tsar Mikhail
Alekseevich), 59, 91
Romanov dynasty, 8, 59
Romantic Age, 82
Romanticism, 119
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 314
Roosevelt, Priscilla, 114
Roosevelt, Theodore, 240
Rose Revolution, 376
Rossiiskaia imperiia. See Russian Empire
Rostovtsev, Iakov, 188
royalty. See also grand prince; of Moscow,
39; women in, 103
RSDRP. See Russian Social Democratic
Workers’ Party
RSFSR. See Russian Soviet Federal
Socialist Republic
rulers; challenges for, 105-6; emperors as,
2-3; empresses as, 103-4; legitimacy of,
58nl6; of Mongols, 62; mothers of,
57-58; of Russia, 62; women as, 98-114
Rus. See also Russia; evolution of, 17-43;
history of, 7; lands of, 17-20; map of, 21,
31; peoples of, 18-20, 21-23, 25-27;
religion in, 54-55; Russian Orthodoxy
in, 54-57; trades in, 17-20, 41
Russia. See also Imperial Russia; Moscow;
Russian Empire; Soviet Union;
ambitions of, 385; anti-Semitism in, 222;
autocracy in, 192; Caucasus of, 178-79;
censorship laws in, 215; challenges of, 8;
civil rights in, 222; colonizers in,
200-201; community of, 117; conquests
for, 166-77; consciousness of, 116-17;
culture of, 116-21; differentiation in,
235; education in, 158, 200, 221; ego of,
341, 398-99; elites in, 13; empires of, 1;
enemies of, 184; evolution of, 4-8;
expansion of, 66-67, 166-77,171;
foreign policy of, 384; future of, 181; as
Index
417
hegemony, 402; history of, 1, 12-13,
15-16, 90; identity of, 117; image of, 159,
161, 386, 394, 402; imperial formations
of, 6-16; imperial power in, 1; internal
colonization of, 14; language of, 9-10,
202-3; liberation in, 9; literature in, 180;
modernity in, 238; as motherland, 256;
national character of, 119; nation of,
177-81; as New Israel, 57; opera in, 160;
Orthodox Slavs in, 62; patriotism in,
117-18; political parties in, 224-25;
radical movement in, 87; rebellions in,
166-77; religion in, 169-70; rulers of, 62;
sacrifices for, 217; social class in, 9-11; at
war, 150, 183-85
Russian Civil War, 261,284; battle lines of,
277; people of, 285
Russian Empire, 3; building of, 124;
demise of, 254; ending of, 5; ethnic
groups in, 195; expansion of, 63, 134-39;
foreigners in, 121-34; geography of, 122;
Germany in, 123-24; image of, 75, 87;
Jews in, 129; map of, 232; policies of,
125; population of, 134; social status in,
126-27
The Russian Empire: A Multi-Ethnic
History (Kappeler), 13
Russian Federation, 365; as authoritarian,
373; weakness in, 367
Russian Left, 265
Russian Orthodoxy; religious unity of, 60;
renewing of, 374; in Rus, 54-57
Russian Revolution, 272, 280
Russian Social Democratic Workers’ Party
(RSDRP), 221, 246. See also Social
Democrats.
Russian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic
(RSFSR), 298
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist
Republic, 232
Russian-Tatar, agreements of, 66
Russian-Turkish War, 173, 198
Russia: People and Empire, 1552-1917
(Hosking), 13
Russification; culture of, 199-203; as
forced, 290; policies in, 200n30
Russkaia Pravda, 30
Russo-Georgian War, 387
Russo-Japanese War, 239
Ruthenians. See East Slavic Orthodox
S
Saakashvili, Mikheil, 376, 387, 388, 401
St. Catherine of Alexandria, 98
Sakwa, Richard, 367-68, 377-78
salons, 104
SALT I. See Strategic Arms Limitation
Treaty
Sanborn, Joshua A., 256-57, 259
satellites, 342
Saunders, David, 143
SDKPiL. See Social Democracy of the
Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania
Second Great Patriotic War. See World
War II
Second World War. See World War II
Secret Committee. See Main Committee
Seeley, John Robert, 264
Sentimentalism, 119
serfs. See peasants
Sevastopol Stories (Tolstoy), 184
Shafirov, Peter, 94
Shamil (anti-Russian leader), 172, 173, 174
Shcherbakov, Aleksandr, 312
Shelest, Petro, 330
Shephard, Jonathan, 23, 29
Shevardnadze, Eduard, 331-32, 349-50, 376
Shishkov, Alexander, 149
Siberia; conquering of, 69-70; conversion
of, 70; culture of, 166-67; exiles to, 67,
156-57, 206; industry in, 67-68; natural
resources in, 67; protection of, 68;
religion in, 70
Siberia and the Exile System (Kennan), 238
Siegelbaum, Lewis H., 230, 302, 304
Silver Age, 245
Simmel, Georg, 85
Singer Sewing Machine Company, 257
Six-Day War of 1967, 334
Six Wonders of Soviet Life, 347
skifskaia strategiia (Scythian Strategy), 147
Slavic Congress, 196-97
Slavo-Greco-Latin Academy, 93, 104
Slavophiles, 162-63
Slezkine, Yuri, 56, 122, 318, 319
Slocum, John, 166-67
Slovtsov, Peter, 167
Smith, Alison, 126-27
Smith, S. A., 257-58
Smutnoe vremia (Time of Troubles), 52
418
INDEX
Sneath, David, 29
Snyder, Timothy, 313
social class; divide of, 267; progress in,
223; in Russia, 9-11
Social Democracy of the Kingdom of
Poland and Lithuania (SDKPiL), 221
Social Democrats, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225,
246, 247, 253, 255, 261, 265, 270, 273,
276, 278, 287; Bolsheviks, 224, 225;
Finnish, 221, 273; Georgian, 221, 278,
287; Mensheviks, 225, 276, 278, 287;
Georgian, 221, 278, 287; Polish, 221
socialism, 163, 223, 226; collapse of,
260-61; democracy compared to,
349-50, 364-65; Gorbachev on,
349-50; subjectivity of, 326
Socialist Realism, 296
Socialist Revolutionary Party (SRs), 223,
226, 270
social-political movements, 221-22
society; changes in, 345; contradictions
of, 243-44; in USSR, 346
Söderström, Mark, 167
solar polity, Lieberman on, 29
Solidarity Union, 354
Solovev, Sergei, 177
Sophia Alekseevna (regent, Sovereign
Lady), 93
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr, 339, 369
Sorge, Richard, 248
soslovnost5 (the estate system), 246
South Caucasus, 293. See also
Transcaucasia.
sovetskii chelovek (Soviet person), 10
Sovetskii narod (Soviet People), 10,
304,363
Soviet Constitution, 352
Soviet intelligentsia, 161-66, 349
Sovietism, 31
Soviet Man, 305
Soviet Marxism, 297
Soviet People. See Sovetskii narod
Soviet person. See sovetskii chelovek
Soviet Russia; allies of, 285; constitution
of, 282; nationality policies of,
280-88
Soviet Social System, 308n28
Soviet Union. See also Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics; end of, 11; fall of, 4;
passport from, 10
Spasovich, Vladimir, 216-17
Speranskii, Mikhail, 142, 145, 166
Sputnik, 342
SRs. See Socialist Revolutionary Party
Stalin, Joseph, 9, 283, 323; attacks on, 327;
for consumerism, 318-19; death of, 319,
322, 329; genocide by, 300; on Great
Russian Chauvinism, 310; health of, 317;
Khrushchev on, 339; migration under,
302; platform of, 288; power of, 301-2;
revolution of, 295; successors of, 342;
threats to, 294; transformation by,
295-96; in World War II, 313
Stalin era, 325-26
Stalinism, 301-2
state; as empire, 77-78; Kievan Rus as, 29,
31; Muscovy as, 44-45, 47; of Muslims,
62; for nation, 77; nation compared to,
149; railroads for, 237; rebuilding of,
368-76
state of nations, 301-9
Stoler, Anne, 4
Stolypin, Petr, 245, 251
Storch, Heinrich, 87
St. Petersburg, 90
Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty
(SALT I), 343
Struve, Peter, 264
succession, 91-93; changes in, 36; of Peter
I, 98-114
Sudebnik (law code), 47-48
Sultan-Galiev, Mirsaid, 293
Sunderland, Willard, 122-23, 237, 285, 336
Suny, Ronald, 12
Supreme Privy Council, 101
Supreme Soviet, 365
Suvorov, Aleksandr, 311
szlachta (nobility), 205
T
Table of Ranks, 91, 95-96
Tale of Bygone Years (The Primary
Chronicle), 18
The Tale of Bygone Years (The Primary
Chronicle), 18, 23
Taliban, 344
Tallemant, Paul, 104
Tambiah, S. J., 29
Index
419
Tatars. See Mongols
Tatishchev, Vasilii, 123
taxes; assessment of, 53; for Ivan IV, 48;
officials of, 48
Terebenev, Ivan, 150, 151
Tereshchenko, N., 305
Thatcher, Margaret, 348-49
Thyret, Isolde, 57
Tiflis, 204
Time of Troubles, 8, 91. See also Smutnoe
vremia; debate of, 57; religion in, 58
Timofeev, Yermak, 69
Tiutchev, Fedor, 203
Tobolsk, 66
de Tolly, Barclay, 152
Tolstoy, Lev, 184-85, 194, 196
torture chamber, 103
totalitarian model, 323-24
trades; fur as, 19-20, 67-68; gas as, 67; oil
as, 67; in Rus, 17-20,41
tradition; of primogeniture, 22; of zemskii
sobor, 49
Transcaucasia. See also South Caucasus;
autonomy of, 278; map of, 278
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, 264, 277
Treaty of Kuchuk-Kainardji, 138
Treaty of Portsmouth, 240
Treaty of San Stefano, 197, 199
Trediakovskii, Vasilii, 104
Trepov, Fedor, 216
Tretiakov, Pavel, 213
Trotsky, Leon, 243, 274-75
Trubetskoi, Ivan, 101
tsar. See also emperors; Ivan IV as, 50;
Michael Romanov as, 59
tsaritsa, 57. See also empresses
Tsar of Kazan. See Ivan IV (Ivan the
Terrible)
U
Ukraine “Little Russia,” 73; and
anti-Semitism, 207-209, 219, 222; and
emancipation, 188; annexation of, 73;
conflicts with, 388-92; cultural
influence, 93; famine in, 300; flight to,
54; historical relation to Russia, 7, 20;
independence of, 282; language of, 207;
Lenin on, 282-83; map of, 391; national
identity, 164, 196, 200, 208, 246-7,
249-52, 261-3, 268-9; prejudice in,
207-8; presidents of, 376; Rada, 273
Ukrainian Brotherhood of Cyril and
Methodius, 164
Ukrainian Social Democratic Union, 294
Ukrainian Socialist Revolutionists, 294
Ungern-Sternberg, Roman Feordorovich
von, 285
Union of Sovereign States, 359
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR),
288; alcohol consumption in, 347;
assimilation in, 297; breakup of, 360;
civil society in, 348; Cold War in, 317-23;
collapse of, 360-61; crime in, 347; culture
of, 334-36, 338-39; as defunct, 359-60;
deportations and resettlements in, 303;
developments in, 342; empire of, 337-40;
employment in, 347; filmmakers in, 336;
foreign policy of, 340-44; ideology of,
290; industrialization of, 291; language
of, 361-62; leaders of, 345; living space
in, 346; map of, 356, 360; national
identity of, 307; politics of, 324; Putin
on, 369-70; Reagan on, 355; republics
of, 355; society of, 346; stagnation in,
344-49; success of, 299; tensions in,
307; transformation of, 295-96; vision of,
290; voters of, 361; working class of, 347;
in World War II, 296, 312-13
unions, 76
Unofficial Committee, of Alexander I, 141
USSR. See Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics
Ustav (statute), 166
Ustrialov, Nikolai, 235-36
Uvarov, Sergei, 158
V
Valuev, Petr, 207
Varangians, 18-19. See also Rus
Vasilevich, Ivan. See Ivan III
Vasilii II (Grand Prince), 55-56
Vasilii III (Grand Prince), 55, 61
velikaia derzhava (Great Power), 11
Velikii kniaz* (Grand Prince), 20
Vereshchagin, Vasilii; art of, 213, 214,
215; death of, 213, 215; patriotism of, 213
420
INDEX
Vernadsky, George, 27-28, 375
Viazemskii, Petr, 179-80
Vietnam, 343
Vilnius (Wilno, Vilno),“White Russia/’ 73
violence, 52, 62
Vishniak, M. V., 270
Vladimir of Kiev (Grand Prince), 20, 22
Vorontsov, Mikhail, 203
vote; for Jews, 269; for women, 269
Le voyage de VIsle d’amour (Tallemant), 104
W
Walicki, Andrzjei, 163
war; Alexander I at, 145, 147, 149; Armenia
at, 277-78; in art, 151-52; Catherine II
at, 135-37; Communist Party at, 277;
within family, 32-33, 37; with Germany,
256; Lenin on, 265-66; patriotism
during, 149-50; peasants at, 277; Peter I,
134-35; with Poland, 135-37; poster of,
312; of religion, 261; Russia at, 150,
183-85; in Vietnam, 343
war imagery, 239-40
Warsaw Pact, 315, 381
weapons, 342-43
Weber, Max, 17, 376
Weinrich, Max, 207
Western Europe, 15
White House, 366
White Terror, 280
Whittaker, Cynthia Hyla, 118
Wilson, Woodrow, 230
Winter War of 1939-1940, 302
Witte, Sergei, 236-37; of autocracy,
249-50; memoirs of, 250
wives; of Decembrists, 157; abduction and
purchasing of, 68; of Vladimir of Kiev, 22
women. See also empresses; mothers;
tsaritsa; wives; specific women;
challenges for, 105-6; duty of, 202;
economy under, 103-4; in radical
movement, 217; rebellions of, 258; reign
of, 103-4; rights for, 296; rulers as,
98-114; as soldiers, 311-12; vote for, 269
Women’s Battalion of Death, 275
working class; of USSR, 347; victory of, 347
World War I, 230; causes of, 255; family
during, 256; impact of, 260; losses of, 266
World War II (Second Great Patriotic
War), 152; fatalities of, 302, 313;
on imperialism, 315; sacrifices during,
317; Stalin in, 313; USSR in, 296, 312-13
Wortman, Richard, 149, 159
X
xenophobia, 199-200, 320
Y
Yalta Conference, 314
Yanukovych, Viktor, 389
Yekelchyk, Serhy, 321, 327
Yeltsin, Boris, 72, 354, 397; intent of, 401;
leadership of, 357, 357-58, 365-66; as
president, 366-68; successor of, 369
Yermak (Cossack leader), 66
Yiddish; culture of, 294; language as, 294;
promotion of, 294
Young Pioneers, 338
Yugoslav Communists, 345
Z
Zarobian, Iakov, 332-33
Zasulich, Vera, 216-17
Zedong, Mao, 342
Zelnik, Reginald, 321
zemlia (land/people), 80, 81
Zemshchina (the Land), 50
zemskii sobor (assembly of the land),
48-49
zemstva (local councils), 192-94, 207-8,
218-220, 243, 251, 269, 400
Zhdanov, Mikhail, 317
Zinoviev, Grigorii, 286
Zitser, Ernest, 96-97
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Kivelson, Valerie A. 1957- Suny, Ronald Grigor 1940- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)128402792 (DE-588)124672310 |
| author_facet | Kivelson, Valerie A. 1957- Suny, Ronald Grigor 1940- |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Kivelson, Valerie A. 1957- |
| author_variant | v a k va vak r g s rg rgs |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044202768 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | DK43 |
| callnumber-raw | DK43 |
| callnumber-search | DK43 |
| callnumber-sort | DK 243 |
| callnumber-subject | DK - Russia, Soviet Union, Former Soviet Republics, Poland |
| classification_rvk | KH 1045 NK 4700 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)992511067 (DE-599)BVBBV044202768 |
| dewey-full | 327.47 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 327 - International relations |
| dewey-raw | 327.47 |
| dewey-search | 327.47 |
| dewey-sort | 3327.47 |
| dewey-tens | 320 - Political science (Politics and government) |
| discipline | Politologie Geschichte Slavistik |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Russland Russia Colonies History Russia Territorial expansion History Russia Foreign relations Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Russland Russia Colonies History Russia Territorial expansion History Russia Foreign relations Sowjetunion |
| id | DE-604.BV044202768 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:46:29Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780199924394 9780190647629 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 016039305 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029609274 |
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| physical | XXV, 420 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
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| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Kivelson, Valerie A. 1957- Verfasser (DE-588)128402792 aut Russia's empires Valerie A. Kivelson and Ronald Grigor Suny Russias empires New York ; Oxford Oxford University Press [2017] © 2017 XXV, 420 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Außenpolitik Geschichte Kolonie Imperialism History Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd rswk-swf Expansionspolitik (DE-588)4015995-4 gnd rswk-swf Imperialismus (DE-588)4026651-5 gnd rswk-swf Russland Russia Colonies History Russia Territorial expansion History Russia Foreign relations Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Expansionspolitik (DE-588)4015995-4 s Imperialismus (DE-588)4026651-5 s Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 s Geschichte z DE-604 Suny, Ronald Grigor 1940- Verfasser (DE-588)124672310 aut https://www.recensio.net/r/8facae02bbcc4cfcb896b2505bbdd8f7 rezensiert in: Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas / jgo.e-reviews, JGO 68 (2020), 3-4, S. 557-562 Rezension LoC Fremddatenuebernahme application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029609274&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029609274&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Kivelson, Valerie A. 1957- Suny, Ronald Grigor 1940- Russia's empires Außenpolitik Geschichte Kolonie Imperialism History Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd Expansionspolitik (DE-588)4015995-4 gnd Imperialismus (DE-588)4026651-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4041282-9 (DE-588)4015995-4 (DE-588)4026651-5 (DE-588)4076899-5 (DE-588)4077548-3 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Russia's empires |
| title_alt | Russias empires |
| title_auth | Russia's empires |
| title_exact_search | Russia's empires |
| title_full | Russia's empires Valerie A. Kivelson and Ronald Grigor Suny |
| title_fullStr | Russia's empires Valerie A. Kivelson and Ronald Grigor Suny |
| title_full_unstemmed | Russia's empires Valerie A. Kivelson and Ronald Grigor Suny |
| title_short | Russia's empires |
| title_sort | russia s empires |
| topic | Außenpolitik Geschichte Kolonie Imperialism History Nationalbewusstsein (DE-588)4041282-9 gnd Expansionspolitik (DE-588)4015995-4 gnd Imperialismus (DE-588)4026651-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Außenpolitik Geschichte Kolonie Imperialism History Nationalbewusstsein Expansionspolitik Imperialismus Russland Russia Colonies History Russia Territorial expansion History Russia Foreign relations Sowjetunion Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | https://www.recensio.net/r/8facae02bbcc4cfcb896b2505bbdd8f7 http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029609274&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029609274&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kivelsonvaleriea russiasempires AT sunyronaldgrigor russiasempires |