Chemical principles: the quest for insight
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York
W. H. Freeman
2016
|
| Ausgabe: | Seventh edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | 1 Band (verschiedene Seitenzählungen) Illustrationen, Diagramme (überwiegend farbig) |
| ISBN: | 9781464183959 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 008 | 170220s2016 a||| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781464183959 |c hbk. |9 978-1-4641-8395-9 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)942815860 | ||
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| 100 | 1 | |a Atkins, Peter W. |d 1940- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)128437782 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Chemical principles |b the quest for insight |c Peter Atkins, Oxford University; Loretta Jones, Uniersity of Northern Colorado; Leroy Laverman, University of California, Santa Barbara |
| 250 | |a Seventh edition | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a New York |b W. H. Freeman |c 2016 | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2016 | |
| 300 | |a 1 Band (verschiedene Seitenzählungen) |b Illustrationen, Diagramme (überwiegend farbig) | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Chemie | |
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| 653 | |a Chemistry | ||
| 653 | |a Chemistry / Problems, exercises, etc | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Jones, Loretta |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)132129809 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Laverman, Leroy E. |d 1971- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1033554103 |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804177311183929344 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Preface
XV
FUNDAMENTALS / FI
Introduction and Orientation FI
A Matter and Energy F5
A 1 Symbols and Units / F5
A 2 Accuracy and Precision / F8
A 3 Force / F9
A 4 Energy/FI0
FUNDAMENTALS A Exercises / FI 3
B Elements and Atoms FI 5
B 1 Atoms/FI 5
B 2 The Nuclear Model/FI 6
B 3 Isotopes / FI 8
B 4 The Organization of the
Elements / FI 9
FUNDAMENTALS B Exercises / F21
C Compounds F22
C 1 What Are Compounds? / F22
C 2 Molecules and Molecular
Compounds / F23
C 3 Ions and Ionic Compounds / F24
FUNDAMENTALS C Exercises / F28
D Nomenclature F29
D 1 Names of Cations / F29
D 2 Names of Anions / F29
D 3 Names of Ionic Compounds / F31
TOOLBOX D 1 How to Name Ionic
Compounds / F31
D 4 Names of Inorganic Molecular
Compounds / F32
TOOLBOX D 2 How to Name
Simple Inorganic Molecular
Compounds / F33
D 5 The Nomenclature of Some Common
Organic Compounds / F35
FUNDAMENTALS D Exercises / F37
Moles and Molar Masses
E 1 The Mole / F38
E 2 Molar Mass / F40
FUNDAMENTALS E Exercises / F44
F38
F The Determination of
Composition F46
F 1 Mass Percentage Composition / F46
F 2 Determining Empirical Formulas / F48
F 3 Determining Molecular Formulas / F49
FUNDAMENTALS F Exercises / F50
G Mixtures and Solutions F51
G 1 Classifying Mixtures / F51
G 2 Separation Techniques / F53
G 3 Concentration / F54
G 4 Dilution / F56
TOOLBOX G i How to Calculate the
Volume of Stock Solution Required for
a Given Dilution / F57
FUNDAMENTALS G Exercises / F58
H Chemical Equations F60
H 1 Representing Chemical Reactions / F60
H 2 Balanced Chemical Equations / F62
FUNDAMENTALS H Exercises / F64
I
K
F66
Precipitation Reactions
1 1 Electrolytes / F66
1 2 Precipitates / F67
1 3 Ionic and Net Ionic Equations / F68
1 4 Putting Precipitation to Work / F69
FUNDAMENTALS l Exercises / F71
Acids and Bases F72
J 1 Acids and Bases in Aqueous
Solution / F73
J 2 Strong and Weak Acids and Bases / F74
J 3 Neutralization / F76
FUNDAMENTALS J Exercises / F77
Redox Reactions F78
K 1 Oxidation and Reduction / F78
K 2 Oxidation Numbers / F80
toolbox K i How to Assign Oxidation
Numbers / F80
K 3 Oxidizing and Reducing Agents / F82
K 4 Balancing Simple Redox
Equations / F84
FUNDAMENTALS K Exercises / F85
Reaction Stoichiometry
L 1 Mole-to-Mole Predictions / F87
L 2 Mass-to-Mass Predictions / F88
F87
v
CONTENTS
vi
Contents
TOOLBOX L l How to Carry Out Mass-to-
Mass Calculations / F88
L 3 Volumetric Analysis / F90
TOOLBOX L 2 How to Interpret a
Titration / F91
FUNDAMENTALS L Exercises / F94
M Limiting Reactants F96
M 1 Reaction Yield / F96
M 2 The Limits of Reaction / F98
TOOLBOX M l How to Identify the Limiting
Reactant / F98
M 3 Combustion Analysis / FI 01
FUNDAMENTALS M Exercises / FI 04
ATOMS / 1
FOCUS 1
Topic 1A
1A 1
1A 2
1A 3
Topic 1B
1B 1
1B 2
IB 3
Topic 1C
1C 1
1C 2
Topic 1D
1D 1
1D 2
1D 3
1D 4
1D 5
Investigating Atoms 2
The Nuclear Model of the Atom / 2
Electromagnetic Radiation / 4
Atomic Spectra / 6
TOPIC 1A Exercises / 9
Quantum Theory 11
Radiation, Quanta, and Photons / 11
The Wave-Particle Duality of
Matter / 17
The Uncertainty Principle / 19
TOPIC IB Exercises/21
Wavefunctions and Energy
Levels 23
The Wavefunction and Its
Interpretation / 23
The Quantization of Energy / 24
BOX ic i Nanocrystals / 26
TOPIC 1C Exercises / 28
The Hydrogen Atom 30
Energy Levels / 30
Atomic Orbitals / 31
Quantum Numbers, Shells, and
Subshells / 33
The Shapes of Orbitals / 35
Electron Spin / 38
BOX 1D 1 How Do We Know
That an Electron Has Spin? / 39
1D 6
Topic IE
1E 1
1E 2
Topic 1F
1F 1
1F 2
1F 3
1F 4
1F 5
1F 6
1F 7
1F 8
FOCUS 1
FOCUS 1
The Electronic Structure of
Hydrogen / 39
TOPIC ID Exercises / 40
Many-Electron Atoms 42
Orbital Energies / 42
The Building-Up Principle / 44
TOOLBOX 1E 1 How to Predict the
Ground-State Electron Configuration
of an Atom / 47
TOPIC IE Exercises / 49
Periodicity 51
The General Structure of the
Periodic Table / 51
Atomic Radius / 53
Ionic Radius / 54
Ionization Energy / 56
Electron Affinity / 58
The Inert-Pair Effect / 60
Diagonal Relationships / 60
The General Properties of the
Elements / 60
TOPIC IF Exercises / 63
Online Cumulative Example / 64
Exercises / 64
_____________________FOCUS 2
MOLECULES / 67
Topic 2A
2A 1
2A 2
2A 3
2A 4
Ionic Bonding
The Ions That Elements Form / 68
Lewis Symbols / 70
The Energetics of Ionic Bond
Formation / 71
Interactions Between Ions / 72
TOPIC 2A Exercises / 75
68
Topic 2B
2B 1
2B 2
2B 3
Covalent Bonding 77
Lewis Structures / 77
TOOLBOX 2B 1 How to Write the
Lewis Structure of a Polyatomic
Species / 79
Resonance / 81
Formal Charge / 84
TOOLBOX 2B 2 How to Use Formal
Charge to Identify the Most Likely
Lewis Structure / 85
TOPIC 2B Exercises / 86
Contents
vii
Topic 2C Beyond the Octet Rule 88
2C 1 Radicals and Biradicals / 88
BOX 2C 1 What Has This to Do
With Staying Alive? Chemical
Self-Preservation / 89
2C 2 Expanded Valence Shells / 89
2C 3 Incomplete Octets / 92
TOPIC 2C Exercises / 93
BOX 2G 2 How Do We Know
That Electrons Are Not Paired? / 133
2G 3 Bonding in Heteronuclear Diatomic
Molecules / 134
2G 4 Orbitals in Polyatomic Molecules / 135
TOPIC 2G Exercises / 137
FOCUS 2 Online Cumulative Example / 139
FOCUS 2 Exercises / 139
Topic 2D The Properties of Bonds 95
2D 1 Correcting the Covalent Model:
Electronegativity / 95
2D 2 Correcting the Ionic Model:
Polarizability / 97
2D 3 Bond Strengths / 98
2D 4 Bond Lengths / 100
TOPIC 2D Exercises / 102
-----------------------FOCUS 3
STATES OF MATTER / 145
Topic 3A The Nature of Gases 147
3A 1 Observing Gases / 147
3A 2 Pressure/148
3A 3 Alternative Units of Pressure / 150
TOPIC 3A Exercises / 151
Topic 2E The VSEPR Model 103
2E 1 The Basic VSEPR Model / 103
BOX 2E 1 Frontiers of Chemistry:
Drugs by Design and Discovery / 104
2E 2 Molecules with Lone Pairs on the
Central Atom / 107
TOOLBOX 2E 1 How to Use the
VSEPR Model / 110
2E 3 Polar Molecules / 112
TOPIC 2E Exercises / 115
Topic 2F Valence-Bond Theory 117
2F 1 Sigma and Pi Bonds / 117
2F 2 Electron Promotion and the
Hybridization of Orbitals / 119
2F 3 Other Common Types of
Hybridization / 120
2F 4 Characteristics of Multiple Bonds / 123
TOPIC 2F Exercises / 126
Topic 2G Molecular Orbital Theory 127
2G 1 Molecular Orbitals / 127
2G 2 Electron Configurations of Diatomic
Molecules / 128
BOX 2G 1 How Do We Know
The Energies of Molecular Orbitals? / 130
TOOLBOX 2G 1 How to Determine
the Electron Configuration and
Bond Order of a Homonuclear
Diatomic Species / 131
Topic 3B
3B 1
3B 2
3B 3
Topic 3C
3C 1
3C 2
Topic 3D
3D 1
3D 2
3D 3
Topic 3E
3E 1
3E 2
3E 3
Topic 3F
3F 1
The Gas Laws 153
The Experimental Observations / 153
Applications of the Ideal Gas Law / 156
Molar Volume and Gas Density / 159
TOPIC 3B Exercises / 161
Gases in Mixtures and
Reactions 163
Mixtures of Gases / 163
The Stoichiometry of Reacting
Gases / 166
TOPIC 3C Exercises / 168
Molecular Motion 170
Diffusion and Effusion / 170
The Kinetic Model of Gases / 171
The Maxwell Distribution of
Speeds / 175
BOX 3D 1 How Do We Know The
Distribution of Molecular Speeds? / 176
TOPIC 3D Exercises / 177
Real Gases 179
Deviations from Ideality / 179
Equations of State of Real Gases / 180
The Liquefaction of Gases / 182
TOPIC 3E Exercises / 183
Intermolecular Forces 185
The Origin of Intermolecular
Forces / 185
Contents
viii
3F 2 Ion-Dipole Forces / 186
3F 3 Dipole-Dipole Forces / 187
3F 4 London Forces / 189
3F 5 Hydrogen Bonding / 191
3F 6 Repulsions / 192
TOPIC 3F Exercises / 193
Topic 3G Liquids 195
3G 1 Order in Liquids / 195
3G 2 Viscosity and Surface Tension / 195
3G 3 Liquid Crystals / 197
3G 4 Ionic Liquids / 198
TOPIC 3G Exercises / 199
Topic 3H
3H 1
3H 2
3H 3
3H 4
3H 5
3H 6
Topic 31
31 1
31 2
31 3
31 4
Topic 3J
3J 1
3J 2
3J 3
3J 4
3J 5
3J 6
3J 7
Solids 201
Classification of Solids / 201
BOX 3H 1 How Do We Know
What a Surface Looks Like? / 202
Molecular Solids / 204
Network Solids / 204
Metallic Solids / 206
Unit Cells / 209
Ionic Solids / 212
TOPIC 3H Exercises / 215
Inorganic Materials 218
Alloys/218
Silicates / 220
Calcium Carbonate / 221
Cement and Concrete / 222
TOPIC 31 Exercises / 223
Materials for New
Technologies 224
Electrical Conduction in
Solids / 224
Semiconductors / 225
Superconductors / 227
Luminescent Materials / 228
Magnetic Materials / 229
Nanomaterials / 229
Nanotubes / 230
TOPIC 3J Exercises / 231
-------------------FOCUS 4
THERMODYNAMICS / 241
Topic 4A
4A 1
4A 2
4A 3
4A 4
4A 5
Topic 4B
4B 1
4B 2
4B 3
Topic 4C
4C 1
4C 2
4C 3
4C 4
4C 5
Topic 4D
4D 1
4D 2
4D 3
4D 4
4D 5
4D 6
Work and Heat 243
Systems and Surroundings / 243
Work / 244
Expansion Work / 245
Heat / 250
The Measurement of Heat / 250
TOPIC 4A Exercises / 255
Internal Energy 256
The First Law / 256
State Functions / 257
A Molecular Interlude / 260
TOPIC 4B Exercises / 262
Enthalpy 263
Heat Transfers at Constant
Pressure / 263
Heat Capacities at Constant Volume
and Constant Pressure / 264
The Molecular Origin of the Heat
Capacities of Gases / 265
The Enthalpy of Physical Change / 267
Heating Curves / 269
BOX 4C 1 How Do We Know
The Shape of a Heating Curve? / 270
TOPIC 4C Exercises / 272
Thermochemistry 273
Reaction Enthalpy / 273
The Relation Between AH and AU / 274
Standard Reaction Enthalpies / 276
BOX 4D 1 What Has This to Do With
The Environment? Alternative Fuels / 277
Combining Reaction Enthalpies:
Hess s Law / 280
toolbox 4D 1 How to Use Hess s
Law / 280
Standard Enthalpies of Formation / 282
The Variation of Reaction Enthalpy with
Temperature / 285
TOPIC 4D Exercises / 287
FOCUS 3 Online Cumulative Example / 233
FOCUS 3 Exercises / 233
INTERLUDE Ceramics and Glasses / 239
Topic 4E Contributions to Enthalpy 290
4E 1 Ion Formation / 290
4E 2 The Born-Haber Cycle / 290
Contents
ix
4E 3 Bond Enthalpies / 292
TOPIC 4E Exercises / 295
Topic 4F Entropy 296
4F 1 Spontaneous Change / 296
4F 2 Entropy and Disorder / 296
4F 3 Entropy and Volume / 298
4F 4 Entropy and Temperature / 300
4F 5 Entropy and Physical State / 303
TOPIC 4F Exercises / 306
Topic 4G
4G 1
4G 2
Topic 4H
4H 1
4H 2
Topic 41
41 1
41 2
41 3
The Molecular Interpretation
of Entropy 308
The Boltzmann Formula / 308
The Equivalence of Statistical and
Thermodynamic Entropies / 311
TOPIC 4G Exercises / 313
Absolute Entropies 314
Standard Molar Entropies / 314
BOX 4H 1 Frontiers of Chemistry: The
Quest for Absolute Zero / 315
Standard Reaction Entropies / 318
TOPIC 4H Exercises / 319
Global Changes in Entropy 321
The Surroundings / 321
The Overall Change in Entropy / 323
Equilibrium / 326
TOPIC 41 Exercises / 328
Topic 4J Gibbs Free Energy 329
4J 1 Focusing on the System / 329
4J 2 Gibbs Free Energy of Reaction / 332
4J 3 The Gibbs Free Energy and
Nonexpansion Work / 335
4J 4 The Effect of Temperature / 337
TOPIC 4J Exercises / 339
FOCUS 4 Online Cumulative Example / 341
FOCUS 4 Exercises / 341
INTERLUDE Free Energy and Life / 346
______________________FOCUS 5
EQUILIBRIUM / 347
Topic 5A Vapor Pressure 349
5A 1 The Origin of Vapor Pressure / 349
5A 2
5A 3
5A 4
Topic 5B
5B 1
5B 2
Topic 5C
5C 1
5C 2
5C 3
5C 4
Topic 5D
5D 1
5D 2
5D 3
5D 4
5D 5
5D 6
Topic 5E
Topic 5F
5F 1
5F 2
Topic 5G
5G 1
5G 2
Volatility and Intermolecular Forces / 350
The Variation of Vapor Pressure with
Temperature / 351
Boiling / 354
TOPIC 5A Exercises / 355
Phase Equilibria in
One-Component Systems 357
One-Component Phase
Diagrams / 357
Critical Properties / 360
TOPIC 5B Exercises / 362
Phase Equilibria in
Two-Component Systems 364
The Vapor Pressure of Mixtures / 364
Binary Liquid Mixtures / 366
Distillation / 369
Azeotropes / 369
TOPIC 5C Exercises / 371
Solubility 373
The Limits of Solubility / 373
The Like-Dissolves-Like Rule / 374
Pressure and Gas Solubility / 376
Temperature and Solubility / 377
The Thermodynamics of Dissolving / 377
Colloids / 380
TOPIC 5D Exercises / 381
Molality 383
TOOLBOX 5E 1 How to Use the
Molality / 384
TOPIC 5E Exercises / 387
Colligative Properties 388
Boiling-Point Elevation and Freezing-
Point Depression / 388
Osmosis / 390
BOX 5F 1 Frontiers of Chemistry:
Drug Delivery / 391
TOOLBOX 5F 1 How to Use Colligative
Properties to Determine Molar Mass / 393
TOPIC 5F Exercises / 396
Chemical Equilibrium 397
The Reversibility of Reactions / 397
Equilibrium and the Law of Mass
Action / 399
X
Contents
5G 3
5G 4
Topic 5H
5H 1
5H 2
5H 3
Topic 51
51 1
51 2
51 3
The Origin of Equilibrium Constants / 402
The Thermodynamic Description of
Equilibrium / 403
TOPIC 5G Exercises / 407
Alternative Forms of the
Equilibrium Constant 410
Multiples of the Chemical Equation / 410
Composite Equations / 411
Molar Concentrations of Gases / 411
TOPIC 5H Exercises / 414
Equilibrium Calculations 415
The Extent of Reaction / 415
The Direction of Reaction / 416
Calculations with Equilibrium
Constants / 418
TOOLBOX 5l l How to Set Up and Use
an Equilibrium Table / 418
TOPIC 51 Exercises / 423
Topic 5J The Response of Equilibria to
Changes in Conditions 426
5J 1 Adding and Removing Reagents / 426
5J 2 Compressing a Reaction Mixture / 429
5J 3 Temperature and Equilibrium / 431
TOPIC 5J Exercises / 434
FOCUS 5 Online Cumulative Example / 436
FOCUS 5 Exercises / 436
INTERLUDE Homeostasis / 442
_____________________FOCUS 6
REACTIONS / 443
Topic 6A The Nature of Acids and
Bases
445
6A 1 Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases / 445
6A 2 Lewis Acids and Bases / 448
6A 3 Acidic, Basic, and Amphoteric Oxides / 449
6A 4 Proton Exchange Between Water
Molecules / 450
TOPIC 6A Exercises / 453
Topic 6B The pH Scale 455
6B 1 The Interpretation of pH / 455
6B 2 The pOH of Solutions / 457
TOPIC 6B Exercises / 458
Topic 6C
6C 1
6C 2
6C 3
6C 4
Topic 6D
6D 1
6D 2
6D 3
Topic 6E
6E 1
6E 2
6E 3
6E 4
Topic 6F
6F 1
6F 2
Topic 6G
6G 1
6G 2
6G 3
Weak Acids and Bases 460
Acidity and Basicity Constants / 460
The Conjugate Seesaw / 463
Molecular Structure and Acid
Strength / 465
The Strengths of Oxoacids and
Carboxylic Acids / 467
TOPIC 6C Exercises / 470
The pH of Aqueous Solutions 472
Solutions of Weak Acids / 472
TOOLBOX 6D 1 How to Calculate the
pH of a Solution of a Weak Acid / 473
Solutions of Weak Bases / 475
TOOLBOX 6D 2 How to Calculate the
pH of a Solution of a Weak Base / 475
The pH of Salt Solutions / 477
TOPIC 6D Exercises / 482
Polyprotic Acids and Bases 483
The pH of a Polyprotic Acid
Solution / 483
Solutions of Salts of Polyprotic
Acids / 484
The Concentrations of Solute
Species / 486
TOOLBOX 6E 1 How to Calculate the
Concentrations of All Species in a
Polyprotic Acid Solution / 486
Composition and pH / 489
BOX 6E 1 What Has This to Do With
The Environment? Acid Rain and the
Gene Pool / 490
TOPIC 6E Exercises / 493
Autoprotolysis and pH 494
Very Dilute Solutions of Strong
Acids and Bases / 494
Very Dilute Solutions of Weak
Acids / 496
TOPIC 6F Exercises / 498
Buffers 499
Buffer Action / 499
Designing a Buffer / 500
Buffer Capacity / 505
BOX 6G 1 What Has This to Do With
Staying Alive? Physiological Buffers / 506
TOPIC 6G Exercises / 507
Contents
XI
Topic 6H Acid-Base Titrations 509
6H 1 Strong Acid-Strong Base Titrations / 509
TOOLBOX 6H 1 How to Calculate the
pH During a Strong Acid-Strong Base
Titration / 510
6H 2 Strong Acid-Weak Base and Weak
Acid-Strong Base Titrations / 511
TOOLBOX 6H 2 How to Calculate the
pH During a Titration of a Weak Acid
or a Weak Base / 514
6H 3 Acid-Base Indicators / 516
6H 4 Polyprotic Acid Titrations / 518
TOPIC 6H Exercises / 520
Topic 61 Solubility Equilibria 523
61 1 The Solubility Product / 523
61 2 The Common-Ion Effect / 525
61 3 Complex Ion Formation / 527
TOPIC 61 Exercises / 528
Topic 6N Applications of Standard
Potentials 561
6N 1 Standard Potentials and Equilibrium
Constants / 561
TOOLBOX 6N 1 How to Calculate
Equilibrium Constants from
Electrochemical Data / 562
6N 2 The Nernst Equation / 563
6N 3 Ion-Selective Electrodes / 566
6N 4 Corrosion / 567
TOPIC 6N Exercises / 569
Topic 60
60 1
60 2
60 3
Electrolysis 571
Electrolytic Cells / 571
The Products of Electrolysis / 573
TOOLBOX 60 1 How to Predict the
Result of Electrolysis / 574
Applications of Electrolysis / 576
TOPIC 60 Exercises / 577
Topic 6J
6J 1
6J 2
6J 3
6J 4
Topic 6K
6K 1
6K 2
Topic 6L
6L 1
6L 2
6L 3
Topic 6M
6M 1
6M 2
Precipitation 530
Predicting Precipitation / 530
Selective Precipitation / 531
Dissolving Precipitates / 533
Qualitative Analysis / 533
TOPIC 6J Exercises / 535
Representing Redox
Reactions 537
Half-Reactions / 537
Balancing Redox Equations / 538
TOOLBOX 6K 1 How to Balance
Complicated Redox Equations / 538
TOPIC 6K Exercises / 543
Galvanic Cells 545
The Structure of Galvanic Cells / 545
Cell Potential and Reaction Gibbs
Free Energy / 546
The Notation for Cells / 549
TOOLBOX 6L 1 How to Write a Cell
Reaction Corresponding to a Cell
Diagram / 551
TOPIC 6L Exercises / 553
Standard Potentials 554
The Definition of Standard Potential / 554
The Electrochemical Series / 559
TOPIC 6M Exercises / 560
FOCUS 6 Online Cumulative Example / 578
FOCUS 6 Exercises / 578
INTERLUDE Practical Cells / 584
KINETICS / 587
FOCUS 7
Topic 7A
7A 1
7A 2
7A 3
Topic 7B
7B 1
7B 2
7B 3
Topic 7C
7C 1
7C 2
7C 3
Reaction Rates 588
Concentration and Reaction Rate / 588
BOX 7A 1 How Do We Know
What Happens to Atoms During a
Reaction? / 591
The Instantaneous Rate of Reaction / 591
Rate Laws and Reaction Order / 592
TOPIC 7A Exercises / 598
Integrated Rate Laws 600
First-Order Integrated Rate Laws / 600
Half-Lives for First-Order Reactions / 604
Second-Order Integrated Rate
Laws / 606
TOPIC 7B Exercises / 609
Reaction Mechanisms 611
Elementary Reactions / 611
The Rate Laws of Elementary
Reactions / 612
Combining Elementary Rate Laws / 613
XII
Contents
7C 4
7C 5
Topic 7D
7D 1
7D 2
7D 3
Topic 7E
7E 1
7E 2
7E 3
FOCUS 7
FOCUS 7
Rates and Equilibrium / 617
Chain Reactions / 618
TOPIC 7C Exercises / 619
Models of Reactions 621
The Effect of Temperature / 621
Collision Theory / 624
BOX 7D 1 How Do You Know
What Happens During a Molecular
Collision? / 627
Transition State Theory / 628
TOPIC 7D Exercises / 630
Catalysis 631
How Catalysts Work / 631
BOX 7E 1 What Has This to Do With
The Environment? Protecting the
Ozone Layer / 632
Industrial Catalysts / 635
Living Catalysts: Enzymes / 635
TOPIC 7E Exercises / 637
Online Cumulative Example / 639
Exercises / 639
_____________________FOCUS 8
THE MAIN-GROUP ELEMENTS / 643
Topic 8A
8A 1
8A 2
8A 3
Topic 8B
8B 1
8B 2
Topic 8C
8C 1
8C 2
Periodic Trends 644
Atomic Properties / 644
Bonding Trends / 645
Trends Exhibited by Hydrides
and Oxides / 646
TOPIC 8A Exercises / 648
Hydrogen 649
The Element / 649
BOX 8B 1 What Has This to Do With
The Environment? The Greenhouse
Effect / 650
Compounds of Hydrogen / 652
TOPIC 8B Exercises / 653
Group 1: The Alkali Metals 654
The Group 1 Elements / 654
Compounds of Lithium, Sodium, and
Potassium / 656
TOPIC 8C Exercises / 658
Topic 8D
8D 1
8D 2
Topic 8E
8E 1
8E 2
8E 3
Topic 8F
8F 1
8F 2
8F 3
Topic 8G
8G 1
8G 2
8G 3
8G 4
Topic 8H
8H 1
8H 2
8H 3
Topic 81
81 1
81 2
Topic 8J
8J 1
8J 2
FOCUS 8
FOCUS 8
Group 2: The Alkaline Earth
Metals 659
The Group 2 Elements / 659
Compounds of Beryllium,
Magnesium, and Calcium / 661
TOPIC 8D Exercises / 663
Group 13: The Boron Family 664
The Group 13 Elements / 664
Group 13 Oxides, Halides, and
Nitrides / 666
Boranes, Borohydrides, and Borides / 668
TOPIC 8E Exercises / 669
Group 14: The Carbon Family 670
The Group 14 Elements / 670
BOX 8F 1 Frontiers of Chemistry:
Self-Assembling Materials / 673
Oxides of Carbon and Silicon / 674
Other Important Group 14
Compounds / 675
TOPIC 8F Exercises / 676
Group 15: The Nitrogen Family 677
The Group 15 Elements / 677
Compounds with Hydrogen and the
Halogens / 679
Nitrogen Oxides and Oxoacids / 681
Phosphorus Oxides and Oxoacids / 682
TOPIC 8G Exercises / 684
Group 16: The Oxygen Family 685
The Group 16 Elements / 685
Compounds with Hydrogen / 688
Sulfur Oxides and Oxoacids / 690
TOPIC 8H Exercises / 692
Group 17: The Halogens 693
The Group 17 Elements / 693
Compounds of the Halogens / 695
TOPIC 81 Exercises / 697
Group 18: The Noble Gases 699
The Group 18 Elements / 699
Compounds of the Noble Gases / 700
TOPIC 8J Exercises / 701
Online Cumulative Example / 702
Exercises / 702
Contents
xiii
_____________________FOCUS 9
THE d-BLOCK ELEMENTS / 705
Topic 9A
9A 1
9 A 2
Topic 9B
9B 1
9B 2
Topic 9C
9C 1
9C 2
9C 3
Topic 9D
9D 1
9D 2
9D 3
9D 4
9D 5
FOCUS 9
FOCUS 9
Periodic Trends of the d-Block
Elements 706
Trends in Physical Properties / 706
Trends in Chemical Properties / 708
TOPIC 9A Exercises / 710
Selected d-Block Elements:
A Survey 711
Scandium Through Nickel / 711
Groups 11 and 12/716
TOPIC 9B Exercises / 718
Coordination Compounds 720
Coordination Complexes / 720
BOX9C 1 What Has This to Do With
Staying Alive? Why We Need to Eat
d-Metals / 721
TOOLBOX 9C 1 How to Name d-Metal
Complexes and Coordination
Compounds / 723
The Shapes of Complexes / 725
Isomers / 726
BOX9C 2 How Do We Know That a
Substance Is Optically Active? / 729
TOPIC 9C Exercises / 731
The Electronic Structure of
d-Metal Complexes 733
Crystal Field Theory / 733
The Spectrochemical Series / 735
The Colors of Complexes / 737
Magnetic Properties of Complexes / 739
Ligand Field Theory / 741
TOPIC 9D Exercises / 742
Online Cumulative Example / 744
Exercises / 744
10A 3
10A 4
10A 5
Topic 10B
10B 1
10B 2
10B 3
Topic 10C
10C 1
10C 2
10C 3
FOCUS 10
FOCUS 10
The Pattern of Nuclear Stability / 753
Predicting the Type of Nuclear
Decay / 754
Nucleosynthesis / 755
BOX 10A 1 What Has This to Do
With Staying Alive? Nuclear
Medicine / 756
TOPIC 10A Exercises / 758
Radioactivity 760
The Biological Effects of
Radiation / 760
Measuring the Rate of Nuclear
Decay / 761
BOX 10B 1 How Do We Know
How Radioactive a Material Is? / 762
Uses of Radioisotopes / 765
TOPIC 10B Exercises / 766
Nuclear Energy 768
Mass-Energy Conversion / 768
The Extraction of Nuclear Energy / 770
The Chemistry of Nuclear Power / 772
TOPIC IOC Exercises / 773
Online Cumulative Example / 775
Exercises / 775
____________________FOCUS 11
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY / 777
Topic 11A
11A 1
11A 2
11A 3
Structures of Aliphatic
Hydrocarbons 778
Types of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons / 778
TOOLBOX 11A 1 How to Name
Aliphatic Hydrocarbons / 780
Isomers / 783
Physical Properties of Alkanes and
Alkenes / 786
TOPIC 11A Exercises / 787
____________________FOCUS 10
NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY / 747
Topic 10A
10A 1
10A 2
Nuclear Decay
The Evidence for Spontaneous
Nuclear Decay / 748
Nuclear Reactions / 750
748
Topic 11B
11B 1
11B 2
11B 3
Reactions of Aliphatic
Hydrocarbons 789
Alkane Substitution Reactions / 789
Synthesis of Alkenes and
Alkynes / 789
Electrophilic Addition / 790
TOPIC 11B Exercises / 792
xiv
Contents
Topic 11C
11C 1
11C 2
Topic 11D
11D 1
11D 2
11D 3
11D 4
11D 5
11D 6
11D 7
11D 8
Aromatic Compounds 793
Nomenclature / 793
Electrophilic Substitution / 794
TOPIC lie Exercises / 797
Common Functional Groups 798
Haloalkanes / 798
Alcohols / 799
Ethers / 800
Phenols / 800
Aldehydes and Ketones / 801
Carboxylic Acids / 802
Esters / 802
Amines, Amino Acids, and Amides / 803
TOOLBOX 11D 1 How to Name
Simple Compounds with Functional
Groups / 805
TOPIC 11D Exercises / 806
3 X-ray Diffraction
4 Chromatography
5 Mass Spectrometry
6 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
7 Computation
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1
1A
IB
1C
ID
IE
IF
Symbols, Units, and
Mathematical Techniques A1
Symbols / A1
Units and Unit Conversions / A3
Scientific Notation / A5
Exponents and Logarithms / A6
Equations and Graphs / A7
Calculus / A8
Topic 11E Polymers and Biological Macromolecules 808
11E 1 Addition Polymerization / 808
11E 2 Condensation Polymerization / 810
11E 3 Copolymers and Composite Materials / 812
11E 4 Physical Properties of Polymers / 813 BOX 11E 1 Frontiers of Chemistry: Conducting Polymers / 815
11E 5 Proteins / 817
11E 6 Carbohydrates / 819
11E 7 Nucleic Acids / 820 topic 11E Exercises / 822
FOCUS 11 Online Cumulative Example / 824
FOCUS 11 Exercises / 824
INTERLUDE Technology: Fuels / 829
MAJOR TECHNIQUES
(ONLINE ONLY)
1 Infrared and Microwave Spectroscopy
2 Ultraviolet and Visible Spectroscopy
APPENDIX 2 Experimental Data A9
2A Thermodynamic Data at 25 °C / A9
2B Standard Potentials at 25 °C / A16
2C Ground-State Electron Configurations / A18
2D The Elements / A19
APPENDIX 3 Nomenclature A25
3A The Nomenclature of Polyatomic Ions / A25
3B Common Names of Chemicals / A26
3C Traditional Names of Some Common Cations With Variable Charge Numbers / A26
GLOSSARY B1
ANSWERS Cl
Self-Tests B Cl
Odd-Numbered Exercises C12
INDEX
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Atkins, Peter W. 1940- Jones, Loretta Laverman, Leroy E. 1971- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)128437782 (DE-588)132129809 (DE-588)1033554103 |
| author_facet | Atkins, Peter W. 1940- Jones, Loretta Laverman, Leroy E. 1971- |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Atkins, Peter W. 1940- |
| author_variant | p w a pw pwa l j lj l e l le lel |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044184298 |
| classification_rvk | VC 5010 VC 5200 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)942815860 (DE-599)BVBBV044184298 |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie |
| edition | Seventh edition |
| format | Book |
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| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781464183959 |
| language | English |
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| physical | 1 Band (verschiedene Seitenzählungen) Illustrationen, Diagramme (überwiegend farbig) |
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| publisher | W. H. Freeman |
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| spelling | Atkins, Peter W. 1940- Verfasser (DE-588)128437782 aut Chemical principles the quest for insight Peter Atkins, Oxford University; Loretta Jones, Uniersity of Northern Colorado; Leroy Laverman, University of California, Santa Barbara Seventh edition New York W. H. Freeman 2016 © 2016 1 Band (verschiedene Seitenzählungen) Illustrationen, Diagramme (überwiegend farbig) txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Chemie Chemie (DE-588)4009816-3 gnd rswk-swf Physikalische Chemie (DE-588)4045959-7 gnd rswk-swf Chemistry Chemistry / Problems, exercises, etc (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Chemie (DE-588)4009816-3 s 1\p DE-604 Physikalische Chemie (DE-588)4045959-7 s 2\p DE-604 Jones, Loretta Verfasser (DE-588)132129809 aut Laverman, Leroy E. 1971- Verfasser (DE-588)1033554103 aut HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029591092&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Atkins, Peter W. 1940- Jones, Loretta Laverman, Leroy E. 1971- Chemical principles the quest for insight Chemie Chemie (DE-588)4009816-3 gnd Physikalische Chemie (DE-588)4045959-7 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4009816-3 (DE-588)4045959-7 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Chemical principles the quest for insight |
| title_auth | Chemical principles the quest for insight |
| title_exact_search | Chemical principles the quest for insight |
| title_full | Chemical principles the quest for insight Peter Atkins, Oxford University; Loretta Jones, Uniersity of Northern Colorado; Leroy Laverman, University of California, Santa Barbara |
| title_fullStr | Chemical principles the quest for insight Peter Atkins, Oxford University; Loretta Jones, Uniersity of Northern Colorado; Leroy Laverman, University of California, Santa Barbara |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical principles the quest for insight Peter Atkins, Oxford University; Loretta Jones, Uniersity of Northern Colorado; Leroy Laverman, University of California, Santa Barbara |
| title_short | Chemical principles |
| title_sort | chemical principles the quest for insight |
| title_sub | the quest for insight |
| topic | Chemie Chemie (DE-588)4009816-3 gnd Physikalische Chemie (DE-588)4045959-7 gnd |
| topic_facet | Chemie Physikalische Chemie Lehrbuch |
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