Aleksandr Zhitomirsky: photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War
"The leading Russian propaganda artist Aleksandr Zhitomirsky (1907-1993) made photomontages that were airdropped on German troops during World War II. He later worked for Pravda and other leading publications, satirizing American politics and finance from the Truman through the Reagan eras and...
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| Sprache: | English |
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Chicago, Illinois
The Art Institute of Chicago
[2016]
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| Ausgabe: | First edition |
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Zusammenfassung: | "The leading Russian propaganda artist Aleksandr Zhitomirsky (1907-1993) made photomontages that were airdropped on German troops during World War II. He later worked for Pravda and other leading publications, satirizing American politics and finance from the Truman through the Reagan eras and educating his public about Egypt, South Africa, Vietnam, and Nicaragua as well. Zhitomirsky favored the grotesque and the eye-catching. His villainous menagerie included Reichsminister Joseph Goebbels as a distorted simian and an airborne scorpion outfitted with an Uncle Sam hat. In this comprehensive, image-driven account of Zhitomirsky's long career, Erika Wolf explores his connections to and long friendship with the German artist John Heartfield, whose work inspired his own. Wolf also examines more than 100 of Zhitomirsky's photomontages and translates excerpts from his one published book, The Art of Political Photomontage: Advice for the Artist (1983). In an era when satirical photomontage thrives on the Internet and propaganda has reasserted itself in America and Russia alike, this study of a once-prominent yet internationally undiscovered artist is more than timely"... |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (pages 355-359) and index |
| Beschreibung: | 368 Seiten 32 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780300219180 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD 7
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 8
PREFACE VLADIMIR ZHITOMIRSKY 10
INTRODUCTION: PHOTOMONTAGE AS A WEAPON 12
MASTERING HIS CRAFT: EDUCATION AND EARLY PROFESSIONAL WORK 18
2
PROPAGANDA BOMBING: WORLD WAR II PHOTOMONTAGES 36
3
"DOWN WITH THE WARMONGERS!": EARLY COLD WAR PHOTOMONTAGES 58
IN STRUGGLE UNITED: JOHN HEARTFIELD, ALEKSANDR ZHITOMIRSKY, AND
SOCIALIST POLITICAL PHOTOMONTAGE AFTER THE 1930S 72
DRAWING AS THE FOUNDATION OF ZHITOMIRSKY'S PHOTOMONTAGE 92
PLATES 96
THE ART OF POLITICAL PHOTOMONTAGE: ADVICE FOR THE ARTIST (1983)
ALEKSANDR ZHITOMIRSKY 338
CHRONOLOGY AND EXHIBITION HISTORY 350
BIBLIOGRAPHY 355
SELECTED ACRONYMS AND ORGANIZATIONS 359
INDEX 360
PHOTOGRAPHY CREDITS 368
BIBLIOGRAPHY
PERIODICALS PUBLISHING DESIGNS, DRAWINGS,
ILLUSTRATIONS, AND PHOTOMONTAGES BY
ALEKSANDR ZHITOMIRSKY
Demokraticheskii zhurnalist (Democratic
Journalist)
Freies Deutschland in Bild (Free Germany in
Pictures)
Front-lllustrierte fur den deutschen Soldaten
(Front Illustrated for German Soldiers)
Frontovaia illiustratsiia (Front Illustrated)
l/liustrirovannaiagazeta (Illustrated Newspaper)
Industriia sotsializma (Industry of Socialism)
Iskusstvo (Art)
Izvestiia (News)
Komsomol'skaia Pravda (Komsomol Truth)
Komsomol'skii agitproprabotnik (Komsomol
Agitprop Worker)
Krasnoarmeiskaia i/liustrirovannaia gazeta (Red
Army Illustrated Newspaper)
Krasnyi hot (Red Navy)
Krokodil (Crocodile)
Kul'tura i zhizn' (English edition: Culture and Life)
Literaturnaia gazeta (Literary Newspaper)
Literaturnaia Rossiia (Literary Russia)
Metallist (Metal-Worker)
MN Information
Nedelia (Week)
Neva
Ogonek (Spark)
Osoaviakhim (acronym for the Society for
Assistance to Defense, Aviation, and Chemical
Construction)
Pravda (Truth)
Proletariisviazi (Proletarian of Communication)
Rabochaia gazeta (Worker Newspaper)
Rost (Growth)
Smena (Rising Generation)
Sotsialisticheskaia industriia (Socialist Industry)
Sovetskaia kul’tura (Soviet Culture)
Sovetskaia pechat’ (Soviet Press)
Sovetskaia zhenshchina (English edition: Soviet
Woman)
Sovetskii Soiuz (English edition: Soviet Union)
Sovetskii sport (Soviet Sport)
Sovetskii voin (Soviet Serviceman)
Sovetskoe voennoe obozrenie (Soviet Military
Review)
Starshina-serzhant (Master Sergeant and
Sergeant)
Stroim (We Are Building)
Trud (Labor)
Velikaia Otechestvennaia Voina (Great Patriotic
War)
Vozhatyi (Leader)
Znamia (Banner)
BOOKS BY ALEKSANDR ZHITOMIRSKY
Moskva: Fotoal'bom. Plan, text, and design by
Aleksandr Zhitomirsky, Iskusstvo, 1963.
Iskusstvo politicheskogo fotomontazha: Sovety
khudozhniku. Texts by John Heartfleld and A. L.
Russov. Plakat, 1983.
ARTICLES, ESSAYS, AND CHAPTERS BY
ALEKSANDR ZHITOMIRSKY
"Ostroe oruzhle: zametki o fotomontazhe.”
Sovetskoe foto, no. 5 (May 1958), pp. 23-26.
“Nash drug Dzhon Khartfil’da.” Sovetskaia
kul'tura, July 24,1958.
“Aleksandr Rodchenko—khudozhnik i fotograf.”
Sovetskaia kul'tura, Dec. 19,1961.
“V bor’be edlny!” Pravda, Jan. 3,1962.
“Nachalo polozhll Dzhon Khartfll’d.
Mezhdunarodnaia výstavka fotomontazha i
risunka v Berline.” Sovetskaia pechat', no. 2
(Feb. 1962), p. 60.
“V gostiakh u druzel.” Inostrannaia literatura, no. 2
(Feb. 1962), p. 2.
“Dzhon Kharfil’d—khudozhnlk-kommunlst.”
Inostrannaia literatura, no. 11 (Nov. 1962), p. 248.
“Protiv volny I fashlzma.” Sovetskoe foto, no. 7
(June 1963), p. 25.
“Zolotoi Rog.” Neva, no. 4 (Apr. 1968), pp. 165-73.
“Groznoe iskusstvo: 0 Dzhone Khartfil’de,
uchltele I druge.” Krokodil, no. 20 (June 1968),
P-12-
“Plamennyl Khartfil’d.” Zhurnalist, no. 11 (Nov.
1968), p. 68.
“Satira v bor'be za mir." Iskusstvo, no. 7 (July
1970), pp. 42-46.
“Bojovnik Heartfield: na Johna Heartfielda
vzpomíná Alexandr Žitomirsklj.” Fotografie
(Prague) 17, no. 3 (1973), pp. 10-15.
“Vmesto predislovlia.” Introduction to O vremeni
i ob iskusstve, by Sandor Ek, pp. 4-8. Progress,
1974.
"V nastuplenii.” Literaturnaia Rossiia, May 7,1976.
“Mein Arbeit während des Krieges.” Fotografie
(German Democratlc Republic), no. 4 (Apr. 1978),
pp. 4-8.
“O fotomontazhe.” Sovetskaia grafika 79/80,
no. 6 (1981), pp. 176-87.
"Protiv voiny, protiv reaktsii.” Novoe vremia, no. 3
(Jan. 1984), back cover.
“Sekrety masterstva: Iskusstvo politicheskogo
fotomontazha.” Nagiiadnaia agitatsii, no. 1 (Jan.
1985), pp. 29-31.
"Pravdo! i gnevom.” Sovetskaia kul’tura, May 4,
1985.
“Krieg ohne Gewalt.” In Flugblatt-Propaganda im
2. Weltkrieg. Vol. 13, Flugblätter aus der UdSSR:
Front-lllustrierte 1941-1945, by Klaus Kirchner,
pp. 428-29. Verlag D+C, 1992.
PHOTOMONTAGE POSTER SETS BY ALEKSANDR
ZHITOMIRSKY WITH POEMS BY SERGEI SMIRNOV
Bez maski v “svobodnom mire”: Politicheskie
fotomontazhi A. Zhitomirskogo, stikhi S. Smirnova.
Edited by A. Miroshnichenko. Polltizdat, 1964.
Net—kolonizatoram i podzhigateliam voiny!
Text by Boris Polevoi. Plakat, 1979.
Pod maskoi svobody. Compiled by V. Basenko.
Plakat, 1979.
CATALOGUES OF EXHIBITIONS FEATURING
WORKS BY ALEKSANDR ZHITOMIRSKY
One-Person Exhibitions
Aleksandr Zhitomirskii: Protiv fashizma, protiv
voiny! Výstavka fotomontazhei i risunkov. Essay by
John Heartfleld. Moskovskaia organlzatslia zhur-
nalistov/SSSR Soiuz khudozhnikov RSFSR, 1967.
Svět očima umělce: Výstava Alexandra
Žitomírského. Prague, 1973.
Výstavka fotomontazhei i risunkov zasluzhennogo
khudozhnika RSFSR Aleksandra Zhitomirskogo.
Essay by Vladimír lllesh. Ministerstvo kultury
RSFSR/Soluz zhurnallstov SSSR/Rostovskii
oblastnol muzei Izobraziteľnykh iskusstv, 1973.
Alexandr Žitom irský: Proti fašismu, proti válce!
Galerie umění Karlovy Vary, 1974.
Karlovsko kresby Alexandra Žitomírského. Galerie
umění Karlovy Vary, 1975.
Výstavka fotomontazhei i risunkov zasluzhennogo
khudozhnika RSFSR Aleksandra Zhitomirskogo:
50 let raboty vpechati. Essay by Vladimir lllesh.
Moskovskaia organizatsiia Soiuza zhurnalis-
tov SSSR/Moskovskaia organizatsiia Soiuza
355
khudozhnikov RSFSR/Tsentraľnyi dom rabot-
nikov iskusstv, 1975.
Alexandr Žitomirský: Fotomontáže i kresby.
Galerie výtvarného umění v Chebu, 1977.
Alexandr Žitomirský: Kresby z Československa.
Galerie Díla ČFVU Červené srdce, Plzeň, 1977.
Aleksandr Arnoldovich Zhitomirskii. Essays
by Liudmila Abramova and Vladimir Tsel’tner.
Tsentralnyi dom khudozhnika, 1994.
Alexander Zhitomirsky: Political Photomontages.
Robert Koch Gallery, 1994.
Alexander Zhitomirsky: Personal Collages,
1931-1935. Nailya Alexander Gallery, 2005.
lazyk pamiati, 15.10-15.112015: VII Mezhdunarodnyi
festival' fotografii v Krasnadarskom Krae.
Photovisa, 2015.
Group Exhibitions
1-aia Severo-Kavkazskaia kraevaia výstavka kartin
i risunkov Sev-Kav. krairabisa. Sevkavkralrabis,
1925.
Výstavka nachinaiushchikh molodikh khudozh-
nikov. VLKSM/Vsekokhudozhnik, 1934.
Khudozhestvennaia výstavka "Borba za mir,
protiv podzhigatelei volny": Politicheskii plakat
i karikatura. Essay by Boris Eflmov. Sovetskli
khudozhnik, 1950.
Vsesoiuznaia khudozhestvennaia výstavka, 1949:
zhivopis՛, skuľptura, grafika: katalog. Komitét
po delam iskusstv pri Sovete Ministrov SSSR/
Gosudarstennala Treťiakovskaia Galereia, 1950.
Vsesoiuznaia khudozhestvennaia výstavka 1950
goda. Komitét po delam Iskusstv pri Sovete
Ministrov SSSR/Gosudarstennaia Treťiakovskaia
Galereia, 1950.
Výstavka rabot moskovskikh khudozhnikov
satiry. Moskovskoe tovarichestvo khudozhnikov/
Moskovskii soiuz sovetskikh khudozhnikov, 1953.
Plakat i satira za 40 let v proizvedeniakh
moskovskikh khudozhnikov: Výstavka plakata.
Moskovskii soluz sovetsikh khudozhnikov, 1958.
“Borba za mir": Výstavka satiricheskikh risunkov
moskovskikh khudozhnikov. Soiuz khudozhnikov
RSFSR/Moskovskoe otdelenie Soiuza khudozh-
nikov RSFSR, 1960.
Im Kampf vereint! Ausstellung von Fotomontagen
und Zeichnungen im Pavillon der Kunst: Deutsche
Akademie der Künste zu Berlin; Verband
Bildender Künstler Deutschlands, 1961.
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voine. Sovetskii khudhozhnik, 1961.
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Deutschland, 1965.
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Khudozhestvennaia výstavka k25-ieťtiu raz-
groma nemetsko-fashistskikh voisk pod Moskvoi.
Sovetskii khudozhnik, 1966.
Moskovskie khudozhniki frontovoi pechati,
1941-1945. Sovetskii khudozhnik, 1966.
Chetvertaia výstavka rabot khudozhnikov-zhurnal-
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Fliepe, Richard. Die Fotomontage: Geschichte und
Wesen einer Kunstform. Kunstverein Ingolstadt,
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khudozhnikov-zhurnalistov. Soluz zhurnalistov
SSSR/Vsesoluznaia sektsila khudozhnikov
pechati, 1973.
Chetvertaia respublikanskaia khudozhestven-
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dnia rozhdeniia V. I. Lenina posviashchaetsia.
Khudozhnik RSFSR, 1974.
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SELECTED ACRONYMS AND ORGANIZATIONS
AKhR Association of Artists of the Revolution
(Soviet arts organization, 1928-32)
AKhRR Association of Artists of Revolutionary
Russia (Soviet arts organization, 1922-28)
Bundeswehr Armed forces of the Federal
Republic of Germany (founded 1955)
CDU Christian Democratic Union (German politi-
cal party, founded 1945)
Cominform Communist Information Bureau
(Soviet press agency, 1947-56)
Comintern Communist International (interna-
tional communist organization, 1919-43)
Dobrokhim Society of Friends of the Chemical
Industry (Soviet volunteer organization, 1924-25)
FRG Federal Republic of Germany (“West
Germany", founded 1949)
GDR German Democratic Republic ("East
Germany”; 1949-90)
GlavPUR Chief Political Directorate of the
Workers' and Peasants’ Red Army (1941-46);
Chief Political Directorate of the Armed Forces of
the USSR (1946-50)
Gospolitizdat State Publishing House of Political
Literature (1941-63)
IAH Internationale Arbeiter-Hilfe; Workers'
International Relief; Mezhrabpom (Comintern-
funded organization that carried out propaganda
on behalf of the USSR, 1921-35)
Iskusstvo Soviet art publishing house (founded
1936)
Izogiz State Publishing House of Fine Art (Soviet
publisher, 1930-36)
Komsomol All-Union Leninist Young Communist
League (youth organization of the Soviet
Communist Party, founded 1918)
KPD German Communist Party (1918-33)
Luftwaffe Air force (aerial branch of the German
Wehrmacht, 1935-45)
Molodaia Gvardiia Young Guard (publishing
house of the Komsomol, founded 1922)
MOPR International Red Aid (Comintern organi-
zation that assisted political prisoners, 1922-38)
OKW Chief Command of the Wehrmacht
(1938-45)
Osoaviakhim Society for Assistance to Defense,
Aviation, and Chemical Construction (Soviet
volunteer organization, 1927-48)
Politizdat Publishing House of Political Literature
of the Central Committee of the Communist Party
(1963-91)
PRC People's Republic of China
RABIS Trade Union of Workers of Art (artists’
union, founded 1918)
RAPP Russian Association of Proletarian Writers
(1925-32)
ROC Republic of China (Taiwan)
RSFSR Russian Soviet Federative Socialist
Republic
Sovinformburo Soviet Information Bureau
(Soviet news agency, 1941-61)
Soiuzpechat' Central Directorate of the Ministry
of Communications for the Dissemination of
Printed Publications (1932-53)
SS Schutzstaffel (“Protection Squad”; Nazi mili-
tary organization, 1923-45)
TASS Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union
(Soviet news agency, 1925-92)
VKhUTEMAS Higher Art and Technical Studios
(Moscow art school, 1920-26)
Voenizdat Military Publishing House of the
People’s Commissariat of Defense of the USSR
(1936-62)
Wehrmacht "Defense Force” (Unified armed
forces of Nazi Germany, 1935-46)
BIBLIOGRAPHY 359
INDEX
Page numbers appearing in bold type refer to
pages that contain illustrations. Page numbers
followed by the letter “n” refer to endnotes.
Numbers and Symbols
“6 Weeks,” 172,172
6 Weeks-6 Days, 172,173
"1812-1942” (Welnert), 128,131
A
A. Zhitomirsky: Exhibition of Photomontages and
Drawings (Moscow, 1963), 88, 91n42
Abs, Hermann Josef, 270, 270, 271
Acheson, Dean, 250, 251
Adam, Pierre: Athlete of Martinique, 300
Adamson, Robert, 340
Adenauer, Konrad, 264, 264, 265,288,290
After Ten Years: Fathers and Sons (Heartfield),
75, 76
airbrushing, 138,190, 260, 288, 339
AIZ (Arbeiter-lllustrierte-Zeitung)
contents: "Armament Is Necessary!”
(Heartfield), 77; "His Majesty Adolf: I Am
Leading You Toward Splendid Bankruptcies”
(Heartfield), 123; “In Struggle United!”
(Heartfield), 86, 86; "Indian Coolies in
Shimla” (anon), 208; "An Instrument of
God’s Hand? A Toy In Thyssen’s Hand!”
(Heartfield), 73, 74; The Judge and the
Judged (Heartfield), 75-76, 76, 345;
photograph of the execution of Ruth
Snyder (Howard), 190; "Use the Photo as a
Weapon!” (Weiskopf), 15,15
mentioned, 14, 65,136,192
as a model for Front-lllustrierte, 42, 73, 75-76,
136,178
reuse of photographs from, 190, 208
and the work of John Heartfield, 15, 72, 78,
340, 344
AKhR (Association of Artists of the Revolution),
19, 20, 25, 33n3
Aleksandr Zhitomirsky: Against Fascism, against
War! (Moscow, 1967), 89
Algeria, 256
Allende, Salvador, 318
Amazon, The, 59, 60
Ambassadors, The (Holbein), 138
American Chief Justice, The, 214, 215
"American ‘Democracy’ as It Really Is," 200, 200
American Incubator, The, 220,221
"American Variant of the Fairy Tale 'Red Riding
Hood,'” 246,246,247
Amerika: llliustrirovannyi zhurnal, 65, 65-66, 212,
226
Andersen, Hans Christian, 340, 348n4
anti-Semitism, 16, 64-65, 69
apartheid, 208
Aragon, Louis, 72, 79
Arbeiter-lllustrierte-Zeitung. See AIZ
“Armament is Necessary!” (Heartfield), 77
Art of Political Photomontage, The: contents of,
54, 89, 97, 338-346; details In, 16; mentioned,
262, 322, 326; quotes from, 92, 94,148 (see
also under Zhitomirsky, Aleksandr)
Association of Artists of Revolution (AKhR), 19,
20, 25,33n3
At the Dock, 224, 225
Athlete of Martinique (Adam), 300
atomic weapons, 246
“Attention! Attention! This Is the Field
Broadcaster of Free Germany Speaking!,” 176,
177
Automobile Giant of the USA, The, 308, 309
В
Backbreaking Burden, A, 330, 330
banking, 270
Barthes, Roland: Camera Lucida, 47-48
Baryshev, Aleksandr: Werewolves, 334,334
“Basta!", 168,168,169
Bay of Pigs, 282
Becher, Johannes, 79
"Behind the Lacquered Curtain,” 226, 227
Behne, Adolf, 56n41
Bek, Aleksandr: Volokolamsk Highway, 126
"Belgian Sketches: An Artist’s Notes,” 92, 93
Berliner Zeitung, 79
Berman, Mieczysław, 84, 84, 340-341, 346
Bernikov, Nikolai, 40
Bershadskii, Rudol’f: Two Steps from the Equator,
306
Bevin, Ernest, 61,184,184,196,197
Bidault, Georges, 61
biological weapons, representations of: “A Fascist
Plague Flea,” 230, 230; A Fascist Plague Flea,
231; The Washington Menu, 326, 327
Bismarck, Otto von
mentioned, 73
representations of: "Hitler against Bismarck,"
135; This Man Is Leading Germany into
Catastrophe, 10, 51, 52, 73, 74,123,123,236,
342-343
Thoughts and Reminiscences, 123,134
Black Continent Arises, The, 300, 301
Bloch, Ernst, 78
“The Bloodthirsty Hitler Is the Culprit in the
Misfortune of the German People,” 38-39, 39
book covers: The Automobile Giant of the USA
(Ershov), 308, 308; The Chancellor's Minion
(Chernov), 286, 286; The Du Ponts Unmasked
(Konstantinov), 320, 320; The Great Gescháft
(Smolianskii), 310, 310; “IAm Black."
(Cheparov), 332, 332; The ".Real Trial" of
General Ferch (Travinskii), 290; Strauss Is War
(Shragin), 288,288; There, beyond the River—
Palestine (Demchenko), 336, 336; Werewolves
(Baryshev), 334, 334; What General Heusinger
Dreams About (Danov), 292,292,293; Why
Detroit Skids (Vasil’ev), 328, 328; Your Enemy
Teller (Vilenskii), 304,304
Bottom Line, The, 162,163,164
Brauchitsch, Walther von, 124
Britanskii Soiuznik, 226
Buckley, Mary, 61
Bundeswehr, 290, 292
Burke, Arleigh, 260, 261
Burtsev, Mikhail, 40
C
Caldwell, Erskine, 32
Camera Lucida (Barthes), 47-48
captions, 102,194, 338
caricature, 14, 26,236, 250, 258. See also
photo-caricatures
cartoons, 59, 62, 63-64,194
Castro, Fidel, 282
"Celebrate, Little Darling! You Won’t Be
Orphaned!,” 48, 48
censorship, 62, 212, 344
Chancellor's Minion, The (Chernov), 286
Cheporov, Edgar: "IAm Black.", 332, 332
Chernov, Vitalii G.: The Chancellor's Minion, 286
Chiang, Kai-shek, 258, 259
Chief Political Administration of the Armed
Forces of the USSR, 70n3. See also GlavPUR
Chigirlnskil, Efim lul'evich, 342
“The Children's Bath of the Azovstal Factory,”
28, 29
Chile, 318
Chilean Shape-shifter, The, 318, 319
China, 258
Choose! Death or Life!, 174,174,175
Choose! Like This or Like That, 97-99, 98, 99,117,
117
Christian Science Monitor, 276
Christmas, 114-116,118-119,120,122
Christmas Island, 274
Churchill, Winston, 63,63,184,185,206,237, 240,
343
Clear Out of Vietnam!, 316,317
360
Collier's, 246,246,247
Cominfoim (Communist Information Bureau),
232,246
Comintern (Communist International), 15,27
“Commissar Order,” 37, 55n2
Common Measure (Jouvenel), 32, 32
Communist Information Bureau (Cominform), 232
“Comrade Kozlov in New York" (Veliugin), 228
Congress of Peace Supporters, 232, 233
Conqueror, The, 248, 249
“Conversation in a Soldier’s Grave” (Weinert), 78
Cooperative Publishing Society of Foreign
Workers in the USSR, 26-27, 28,40
counterpropaganda
effectiveness of, 40, 42,44, 341-342, 348
motifs of. and caricature, 236; environmental
conditions, 51; imperialism, 57, 274, 343;
irrationality, 324; Nazism, 51, 73,178,180;
power, 62,194; secrecy, 142; slaughter of
innocents, 168; soldiers’ deaths, 45, 47,78,
248
purposes of, 37-38, 47
solicitation of materials for, 46
and “sonic warfare,” 176
and surrender, 10, 44, 47-48, 54
See also Front-lllustrierte fur den deutschen
Soldaten; leaflets
covers, book, see book covers
covers, magazine. See Front-lllustrierte fur den
deutschen Soldaten; Smena; Sovetskii Soiuz
covers, newspaper. See Freies Deutschland im
Bild; llliustrirovannaia gazeta
Cuba, 282, 284
Cuba Remains Free!, 282, 283
Czerwony Sztandar, 346, 349n28
D
Damn Television! I Turn On the Twentieth Channel,
but It’s the Same Picture, 238, 239
Danelia, Giorgi, and Igor Talankin: Serezha, 302
Danov, Georgii P.: What General Heusinger
Dreams About, 292, 292, 293
Daumier, Honoré, 12, 347
"Day of the Bolshevik Press,” 23, 24
De Gaulle Is Off to War, 202, 203
Deineka, Aleksandr, 23
Demand: Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
(Heartfield), 79, 80
Demchenko, Pavel: There, beyond the River—
Palestine, 336, 336
Der Arbeiter Fotograf, 15
Derevianko, Kuzma, 182,183
Deutsche Bank, 270
Dimitrov, Georgi, 76, 345
“Discovering Amerika," 212, 213
Dnieper, Battle of the, 166,172,174
Do You Hear Them Crying?, 148,148,149
Dobrokhim, 18,20
Does This Cross Warm You?, 53,53, 290, 290
Don’t Set it Alight!, 73
Down with the Warmongers! (exhibition), 68-69,
69
Dr. Strangelove (Kubrick), 324
drawing, 11, 27,92,93, 94, 95n10,144, 346
Du Ponts Unmasked, The, 320, 321
Duft, Rudolf, 112
Dulles, Allen, 224
Dulles, John Foster, 188,188
Duped, 240, 241
DuPont, 320
Durand, Pierre, 264
Durus (Alfred Kemény), 12,15
E
East German Academy of the Arts, 86
Eastern Front Winter 1942,146,146,147
“The Eastern Front,” 142,143
Edifying Reading, 264, 265
EEC (European Economic Community), 298
Efimov, Boris: The Fulton Speech, 63, 63;
“Marshall’s Baton, or the Reconstructed Statue
of Liberty,” 62, 62,194,194; mentioned, 39, 64,
342; professional reputation, 71n23
Egorov, Boris: “Hermann Abs without a Halo,”
270, 270
Ehrenburg, Ilya, 16, 232, 344, 348
Eighth Guards Panfilov Division, 126,126
Einsiedel, Heinrich, Graf von, 51, 52,176
Eisenhower, Dwight D., 252, 253
Eisler, Hanns, 91n37
El Salvador, 334
Elliott, David, 38
England, racial conflicts in, 332
English Military Coat, Turkish Pasha, Iraqi Premier,
244, 245
Ernest Bevin, 184,184,185
Ershov, Stal’: The Automobile Giant of the USA,
308
European Economic Community (EEC), 298
Everything for the Front! Everything for the
Victory! (Lissitzky), 67
“The Exhibition of the Magazine Rost," 26
Explosives in the Russian Far East, 28
Eynikayt, 64
Ezhov, Nikolai, 30
Ezhova, Evgeniia, 30-31, 33
Ezhovshchina. see Great Terror
F
Fadeev, Aleksandr, 232, 233
Fascist Plague Flea, A, 230, 231
Favorsky, Vladimir, 19
Fietz, Gertrud, 78
Finger, Sonia, 39
Five-Year Plan (1928), 14,19, 25. 30, 34n13
Flick, Friedrich, 268, 269, 270
Foertsch, Friedrich, 290, 291
“For the Motherland! For Stalin!,’’ 38,100,101
"For What?," 160,161
Fortune, 276
Frederick the Great: This Pawn Imagines Himself
to Be a Great Field Commander, 128,128
Freies Deutschland im Bild
front covers for: “Attention! Attention! This
Is the Field Broadcaster of Free Germany
Speaking!,” 176,177; “General von Seydlitz’s
Answer to the OKW,” 170,170,171
mentioned, 51, 53, 342
Fresh Wind, A, 258, 259
Friedrich, Caspar David: Wanderer above the Sea
of Fog, 150
“Friends,” 185
Friends and Allies, 284, 285
Front-lllustrierte für den deutschen Soldaten
back covers for: ‘‘Basta!’’, 168,168,169; Choose!
Death or Life!, 174,174,175; "German
Aviator! Consider These Pictures Before
Taking Off!,” 43; “German Soldier! Be Done
with Hitler!,” 15,16,166,167; “He’s Alive! He
Will Return Home!,” 148,148; “How German
War Prisoners Live in the Soviet Union,” 46,
46; “It Is Our Inflexible Purpose to Destroy
German Militarism and Nazism,” 180,181;
“She Will Never See Her Man Again,” 164,
165; “To Account!,” 76,156,157
contents of: The Bottom Line, 162,163,164;
“His War and Your War,” 162,162; “Hitler Has
Hounded You into This Hell!,” 138,139; “This
War Is Not the 'Little Pleasure Trip’ Hitler
Promised You," 47, 47; To a Good Hour, 150,
151
design, 73,158
front covers for: “6 Weeks,” 172,172; "The
Bloodthirsty Hitler Is the Culprit in the
Misfortune of the German People,” 38-39,
39; “Celebrate, Little Darling! You Won’t Be
Orphaned!,” 48, 48; Eastern Front Winter
1942,146,146,147; “The Eastern Front,”
142,143; "For What?,” 160,161; “Goebbels
Bellows: Total mobilization!,’” 152,152,
153; “Hitler against Bismarck,” 134,135;
361
"Hitler Leads the German Army Toward Its
Downfall," 124,125; "Hitler-Germany in the
Pincers,” 178,179; “In a Russian Prisoner-
of-War Camp," 43; “In the Foothills of the
Caucasus We Have Occupied Another
Knoll," 144,145; “Life Could Be Beautiful-lf
Hitler Did Not Exist!," 48,108,109; “Listen
to the Words of a Great-Grandson of
Bismarck,” 51, 52; “Outside Stalingrad a
330,000-Man Strong Army of Hitler Was
Destroyed,” 44, 45; “This Fate Awaits
Anyone Participating in the Campaign of
Rape against Soviet Russia," 48, 50, 51,108;
This Is the Fate of the German Soldiers of
the Eastern Front, 75, 75, 78; “When the
Private Is at the Front.” 158,159; "With
the March to the East Began the March to
Death," 112,112,113; “Year in, Year out Hitler
Has Blathered on about His Victories,” 154,
155
mentioned, 75,100,117,118, 343, 348
purposes of, 10, 44,178, 348
staff, 41, 53,126
transitions of, 38-40, 55Ш1, 55ШЗ, 73, 341, 347
and visual emphases, 40, 42, 48, 54
See also counterpropaganda
Frontovaia illiustratsiia
contents of: "In the Last Hour,” 150,150;
“The German Cemetery In the Village of
Gorodlshche near Stalingrad,” 44, 44-45; To
a Good Hour, 150,151; "We Will Not Forget,
We Will Not Forgive!,” 48, 49
mentioned, 100
purposes of, 10, 44
staff, 41, 53
transitions of, 38-40, 55nll, 59
Führer Handing out Christmas Presents to German
Soldiers’ Families, The, 114,114,116,116
Führer Handing out Christmas Presents to the
German People, The, 122,122
Fulton Speech, The (Efimov), 63, 63
Functioning of Special Shells, The (detail), 42
G
Garanin, Anatolli, 38,100
Gassner, Hubertus, 72
Gathering Storm, The (Churchill), 206
Gaulle, Charles de, 202, 202, 203
Gehlen, Reinhard, 286, 292
Gelihorn, Martha, 90n11
Gendarme, The, 296, 296
General Motors, 308
“General von Seydlitz's Answer to the OKW,” 170,
171
Gerassimov, Sergei, 80
“German Aviator! Consider These Pictures Before
Taking Off!,” 43
German Communist Party (KPD), 14,15
“German Soldier! Be Done with Hitler!,” 15,16,
166,167
“The German Cemetery in the Village of
Gorodishche near Stalingrad,” 44, 44-45
Gillray, James: The Plumb-Pudding in Danger, 186
GlavPUR, 38, 40, 55nll, 59, 70n3,127; photo
archive, 46, 55n22. See also Chief Political
Administration of the Armed Forces of the
USSR
Goebbels, Joseph
and counterpropaganda, 341-342
and list of propagandists, 10,12,16,17n13, 343
mentioned, 51, 63
on military victory, 144,152
relationship with Hitler, 132,154
representations of: “The Eastern Front,” 142,
143; The Fulton Speech (Efimov), 63, 63;
Goebbels: Now Every German Must Have
as His Elementary Political Duty Not to
Ask When This War Will End, 132,132,133;
The Goebbels-Johnston Company/Factory
of Lies, 229, 229; “In the Foothills of the
Caucasus We Have Occupied Another
Knoll,” 144,145; “It Is Our Inflexible Purpose
to Destroy German Militarism and Nazism,”
180,181; The Latest News, 242; On the
Military Wavelength, 314, 314, 315; Self-
Portrait, 13; The Voice of America, 242, 243;
“Year in, Year out Hitler Has Blathered on
about His Victories,” 154,155
“Goebbels Bellows: 'Total mobilization!,’” 152,152,
153
Goebbels: Now Every German Must Have as His
Elementary Political Duty Not to Ask When This
War Will End, 132,132,133
“Goebbels the Liar” (Kurella), 132,132
Goebbels-Johnston Company/Factory of Lies,
The, 229, 229
Gorbachev, Mikhail, 330
Gorbatov, Boris, 61-62,186
Gbring, Hermann
mentioned, 51, 76,345
representations of: Hermann Goring Works-
Hermann Goring’s Work!, 104,105; "It Is
Our Inflexible Purpose to Destroy German
Militarism and Nazism,” 180,181; It's Time
to Shoot Yourself, Herr Goring!, 110,110, 111;
Self-Portrait, 13
Goskinokomsomol, 18,33n4
Gospolitizdat, 286, 288,290, 292. See also
Politizdat
Goya, Francisco: Why?, 164
Great Geschaft, The (Smolianskii), 310, 311
Great Terror, the: agents of, 30; mentioned, 16, 64,
71n23; and repression, 18, 26, 27, 32-33, 78-79
Greece, 210
”Greetings IX Meeting of the VLKSM”, 22
Gribachev, Nikolai, 306
Grin, M. F„ 19, 33n7
Griuntal, Vladimir, 23
Gross, Robert, 272
Grosz, George, 11, 349nl4
Guber, Andrei, 81
GUPP RKKA. See GlavPUR
H
Hannoosh, Michele, 14
“Happy New Year Comrades!,” 59, 59
Harriman, Averell, 212
Harry Truman: The Hysterical War Drummer. 63.
63,198,199, 343
Hartz, Hans, 56n31
Headless Horseman, 324, 324, 325
Headless Horseman, The (Vainshtok), 324
Heartfield, Gertrud, 80, 81, 83, 84
Heartfield, John
artworks: After Ten Years: Fathers and Sons.
75, 76; “An Instrument of God's Hand? A
Toy in Thyssen’s Hand!," 74; "Armament
Is Necessary!," 77; Demand: Prohibition
of Nuclear Weapons, 79, 80; “His Majesty
Adolf: I Am Leading You Toward Splendid
Bankruptcies,” 123; “In Struggle United!,”
86, 86; The Judge and the Judged, 75-76,
76, 345
blacklisted, 79
correspondence with Zhitomirsky, 84, 88, 89
exhibitions: retrospective (Berlin, 1957), 79;
retrospective (Moscow, 1958), 80, 81; In
Struggle United! (Berlin, 1961), 72, 73, 84,
84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 345-346
in exile, 78, 344
health of, 78-79, 88,90ШЗ, 90n26
and photomontage, 11, 56n41, 346, 347
pictured, 15, 73,81,82,83,84
political influences on the work of, 14-15,
344-345
on Zhitomirsky’s work, 32,346-347
“Hermann Abs without a Nimbus” (Egorov), 270,
270
Hermann Abs without a Nimbus, 270,271
Hermann Goring Works—Hermann GOring’s
Work!, 104,104,105,108
Herzfeld, Helmut, see Heartfield, John
Herzfelde, Wieland, 79, 80
“He’s Alive! He Will Return Home!,’’ 148,148
Heusinger, Adolf, 292
Heuss, Theodor, 220
Heym, Stefan, 79
Hill, David, 340,348n2
“His Majesty Adolf: I Am Leading You Toward
Splendid Bankruptcies” (Heartfield), 123
His Struggle, Your Death, 166,166
“His War and Your War,” 162,162
Hitler, Adolf
mentioned, 102,108,114,116,122,186,194, 292
representations of: At the Dock, 224,225;
“Basta!", 168,168,169; “The Eastern Front,”
142,143; The Führer Handing out Christmas
Presents to the German People, 122,122;
The Fulton Speech (Efimov), 63,63; Harry
Truman: The Hysterical War Drummer, 63,
63,198,199,343; His Struggle, Your Death,
166,166; "Hitler against Bismarck,” 134,135;
“Hitler Leads the German Army Toward
Its Downfall,” 124,125; “An Instrument of
God’s Hand? A Toy in Thyssen’s Hand!”
(Heartfield), 73, 74; “It Is Our Inflexible
Purpose to Destroy German Militarism and
Nazism,” 180,181; No Comment Required,
236, 237; Self-Portrait, 13; This Is the Fate of
the German Soldiers of the Eastern Front,
362
75, 75, 78; “This Is the Fate of the German
Soldiers of the Eastern Front,” 136,137; This
Man Is Leading Germany into Catastrophe,
10, 51, 52,73,74,123,123,236, 342-343; This
Pawn Wants to Be a Great Field Commander,
128,129; “To Account!,” 156,157; Von
Brauchitsch: “I Want to Take a Look at How
This Adventurer Gives Commands," 124,124;
Why is He Now Silent?, 154,154; “Year in,
Year out Hitler Has Blathered on about His
Victories,” 154,155
skills, oratory, 154
as a theme, 51
“Hitler against Bismarck,” 134,135
“Hitler Has Hounded You into This Hell!," 138,139
Hitler Has Prepared This Path for All Who Take
Part in the Raid on Soviet Russia.1,102,103
“Hitler Leads the German Army Toward Its
Downfall,” 124,125
“Hitler-Germany in the Pincers,” 178,179
Hitler’s Christmas Tree (Klimashin), 114,114
Ho, Chi Minh, 92,93,306
Hoffmann, Heinrich, 154
Hoffmeister, Adolf, 84, 339
Holbein, Hans; The Ambassadors, 138
“How German War Prisoners Live in the Soviet
Union,” 46,46
Howard, Tom: photograph of the execution of
Ruth Snyder, 190
"Hunting Gophers," 20, 22
I Accuse Hitler!, 138,140
"I Am Black. ", 332, 333
I. G. Farben, 270
IAH (Internationale Arbeiter-Hilfe), 15, 42
lantsen, N. F., 40
“lch klage an!” (Weinert), 138,141
Ignatovich, Boris, 23
Ignatovich, Elizaveta, 23
lllesh, Vladimir, 17nl3, 36, 83, 90n27
llliustrirovannaia gazeta
covers for: “For the Motherland! For Stalin!,”
38,100,101; “Happy New Year Comrades!,”
59, 59; Sept. 1938, issue 31, 31
description of, 31
mentioned, 42,100, 341
transformations of, 38-39, 59
imagery, reuse of
in caricature, 63-64, 236, 314
as a common practice, 23,146
examples of: begging dog, 276, 276, 277;
condor, 249, 290, 291; fallen soldiers, 44,
44-46, 45; hands, 133, 266, 267; homeless
people, 226, 226, 227; silver dollar, 186,187,
276, 277; sitting man, 273, 325, 328, 329;
skeletons, 76, 77, 78, 290, 290, 291; Statue
of Liberty, 201, 228, 228
and originality, 280
“The Imperialists Study the Japanese Experiment:
A Visual Aid for Geography," 258
“In a Russian Prisoner-of-War Camp," 43
In Ei Salvador, 334, 335
“In Struggle United!” (Heartfield), 86, 86
In Struggle United! Exhibition of Photomontages
and Drawings (Berlin, 1961), 72,73, 84, 84,
85,86,87, 88, 92; mentioned, 340, 345-346,
346-347
In the American Ring: Knockout, 222, 223
“In the Children’s Nurseries,” 27, 29
In the Common Market, 298, 299
In the Country of the Dollar and Hunger
(Kublanovskii and Latsis), 68, 68
“In the Foothills of the Caucasus We Have
Occupied Another Knoll,” 144,145
In the French Arena, 276, 276
“In the Last Hour,” 150,150
Incubator, The, 220, 220
“Indian Coolies in Shimla” (anon), 208
Industriia sotsializma, 31-32, 32
“An Instrument of God’s Hand? A Toy in Thyssen’s
Hand!” (Heartfield), 73, 74
International Monetary Fund, 222
Internationale Arbeiter-Hilfe (IAH), 15, 42
Iraq, 244
iron curtain, 63
Iskusstvo: mentioned, 89,91n46; posters:
Everything for the Front! Everything for the
Victory! (Lissitzky), 66, 67
“It Is Our Inflexible Purpose to Destroy German
Militarism and Nazism,” 180,181
It’s Time to Shoot Yourself, Herr Goring!, 110,110,
111
Ivan’s Childhood: (Tarkovsky), 302
Ivens, Joris, 91n37
Izogiz, 27
Izvestiia, 27, 66, 230, 336
J
John Foster Dulles (Leen), 188,188
John Foster Dulles-Champion of the Hard Line
toward the USSR, 188,189
“John Heartfield in Moscow, August 1958," 82, 83
Johnston, Eric, 229, 229
Jouvenel, Renaud de: Common Measure, 32, 32
Judge and the Judged, The (Heartfield), 75-76,
76, 345
“Judgment!,” 75
K
Kantorovich, Anatolii, 27
Karsh, Yousuf: Portraits of Greatness, 264
Kazhdan, Evgenii, 341
Keitel, Wilhelm, 182,183
Kemény, Alfréd (Durus), 12,15
Kennedy, John E, 294, 312
Kennedy, Robert, 312
Khrushchev, Nikita, 70, 79, 262, 284, 296
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 312
Kirchner, Klaus, 56n36, 97
Kirshon, Vladimir, 26
Klucis, Gustav, 56n39, 341
Kollwitz, Käthe, 19,106
Kol’tsov, Mikhail, 71n23, 78
Komarov, lurii, 41
Komsomol, 18, 20, 254
Komsomol'skaia Pravda, 300
Komsomol'skii agitproprabotnik, 20
König, Johannes, 80
Konstantinov, О. K.: The Du Ponts Unmasked, 320,
320
Korea, 248
Koretsky, Viktor, 66, 341
Korneichuk, Aleksandr, 61, 70n10
Kosmodem'ianskaia, Zoia, 343, 349n13
Kozlov, Vasilii, 228
Krasnaia zvezda, 39
Krasnoarmeiskaia llliustrirovannaia gazeta, 59,
182,183
Krasnyiflot
mentioned, 64, 71nl8
photocollages for: De Gaulle Is Off to War,
202, 203; In the French Arena, 276, 276;
Marshall's Baton, 194,195; The Unfortunate
Coachman, 196,197; W. Churchill, “Memoirs
of a Warmonger," 206, 207; The “White
Book" and Black Life, 216, 217
photomontages for: The American Chief
Justice, 214, 215; The New Location of the
Statue of Liberty, 190,191; The Strengthening
of Attention and Care, 218,219; W. Churchill,
“Memoirs of a Warmonger," 206; With
Armed Eyes, 210, 211; Without Rudder or
Sail, 192,193
Krokodil
mentioned, 12, 64, 66, 88
photocollages for: Friends and Allies, 284, 285;
Hermann Abs without a Nimbus, 270, 271;
The Incubator, 220,220; The Master of the
Hobeck Lair (Friedrich Flick), 268, 269; The
Mime from California (Robert Gross), 272,
273; The Moral Principles of Frank Pace,
266, 267; They Argue That America Is a
Democracy., 322, 323; Who Is Next?, 312,
313
photomontages for: American Variant of the
Fairy Tale “RedRiding Hood," 246, 246,
247; “Behind the Lacquered Curtain,”
226, 227; “Discovering Amerika,” 212, 213;
“A Menacing Art: About John Heartfield,
Teacher and Friend,” 89, 89; Sits and Begs,
276, 277; “The South African Delegate
Makes His Way to the Commission for the
Protection of Human Rights,” 208, 209;
“Uncle Sam's Cabin," 65; The Washington
Menu, 326, 327
Kublanovskii, L. and A. Latsis: In the Country of
the Dollar and Hunger, 68, 68
Kubrick, Stanley: Dr. Strangelove, 324
Kulagina, Valentina, 56n39
Kurella, Alfred: “Goebbels the Liar,” 132,132
Kursk, Battle of, 53
լ
language translation, 40
Latest News, The, 242
Latter-Day Messiah at Christmas Island, The, 274,
275
leaflets
as counterpropaganda: Choose! Like This or
Like That, 97-99, 98, 99,117,117; The Führer
Handing out Christmas Presents to German
INDEX 363
Soldiers' Families, 114,114,116,116; Goebbels:
Now Every German Must Have as His
Elementary Political Duty Not to Ask When
This War Will End, 132,132,133; Hermann
Goring Works—Hermann Goring's Work!,
104,104,105,108; His Struggle, Your Death,
166,166; Hitler Has Prepared This Path for All
Who Take Part in the Raid on Soviet Russia!,
102,103; / Accuse Hitler!, 138,140; Like This
or Like That, Choose!, 106,106,107; A Look
into the Future, 76,77; Napoleon: This Dwarf
also Wanted to Be a Great Field Commander,
130; Never More!, 48, 50, 51; There Will Be
No More Christmas Reunions for Them,
120,120,121; They Are Not Returning for
Christmas, They Are Never Returning, 118,
119; This Man Is Leading Germany into
Catastrophe, 10, 51,52, 73, 74,123,123,236,
342-343; This Pawn Wants to Be a Great
Field Commander, 128,129; “With the March
to the East Began the March to Death," 112,
112,113
delivery of, 23, 42, 348
history of, 37-38, 54
impact, 55n4
production of, 40, 42, 44, 341
purposes of, 10, 36, 44, 349n8
See also counterpropaganda
League of German Officers, 51,170,176
Leen, Nina: John Foster Dulles, 188,188
Left Front of the Arts, 23, 25
Lenin, Vladimir, 19, 322
Leonov, Leonid, 232, 233
Leslie, Kenneth, 214
Levitan, lurii, 15
"Liberty" in America, 228, 228
"Life Could Be Beautiful—If Hitler Did Not Exist!,"
48,108,109
Like This or Like That, Choose!, 106,106,107
Lissitzky, El: Everything for the Front! Everything
for the Victory, 67; mentioned, 66; Zhitomirsky
on the work of, 341
"Listen to the Words of a Great-Grandson of
Bismarck,” 51, 52
Literaturnaia gazeta
drawings for, 92, 93, 306
and editorial policies, 61-62,184
mentioned, 12,66
photocollages for: Edifying Reading, 264,
265; Ernest Bevin, 184,184,185; A Fresh
Wind, 258, 259; The Latter-Day Messiah at
Christmas Island, 274,275; Preparations
in Algeria for the Referendum Are in High
Gear, 256, 257; Traitors, 258,258; Two-Faced
Mister Acheson, 250, 251; Wall Street’s
Candidates, 252,253; Winston Churchill (The
Fulton Dog), 184,185; With Fire and Dollars,
306,307
photomontages for; The American Incubator,
220,221; At the Dock, 224, 225; Damn
Television! I Turn On the Twentieth Channel,
but It’s the Same Picture, 238, 239; English
Military Coat, Turkish Pasha, Iraqi Premier,
244, 245; “Friends,” 185; The Goebbels-
Johnston Company/Factory of Lies, 229,
229; Harry Truman: The Hysterical War
Drummer, 63,63,198,199, 343; In the
American Ring: Knockout, 222, 223; John
Foster Dulles—Champion of the Hard
Line toward the USSR, 188,189; Marshall's
Machine, 204, 205; No Comment Required,
236,237; People, Beware!, 234,235; The
Right to Hang and the Right to be Hanged,
200,201; A Sinister Visitor, 294, 295; The
Team of Warmongers, 260, 261; A Wolfish
Appetite, 59, 60, 61,62,186,187, 347
political cartoons in: The Fulton Speech:
Churchill and His Predecessors (Efimov), 63,
63; “Marshall’s Baton, or the Reconstructed
Statue of Liberty” (Efimov), 62, 62,194,194
Lockheed Aircraft Company, 272
Logvinenko, Petr, 126
Look into the Future, A, 76, 77
Lukács, Georg, 78-79
M
MacArthur, Douglas, 182,183
Malenkov, Georgii, 296
Mal'kin, Boris, 27
Manhattan Project, 304, 320
Markov-Grinberg, Mark, 33n7
Marshak, S. S., 186
Marshall, George, 61, 62,62,194, 204,205
Marshall Plan, 61-63,198, 216, 240,241
Marshall's Baton, 194,195
“Marshall’s Baton, or the Reconstructed Statue of
Liberty" (Efimov), 62, 62,194,194
Marshall’s Machine, 204,205
Mashkov, Ilya, 19
Master of the Hobeck Lair, The, 268, 269
Mayakovsky, Vladimir, 68, 68, 341
McElroy, Neil H„ 260,261
McKenzie, Joseph F„ 214
McNeil, Hector, 184
Medina, Harold, 214
Mekhlis, Lev, 38, 40,46, 55n13
Melby, John, 65
“A Menacing Art: About John Heartfield, Teacher
and Friend,” 89,89
Metallist, 20, 21,23
Milenkovitch, Michael, 64
Mime from California, The, 272,273
Mirer, Raisa, 32-33, 39,41
Mission of Friendship, A, 94
Molodaia Gvardiia, 20
Molotov, Viacheslav, 40,61, 62,212
Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, 37
Moltke, Helmuth von, 51
Moral Principles of Frank Pace, The, 266, 267
Moscow Book Chamber, 341,347
Moscow Polygraphic Institute, 19
motifs: and caricature, 236; of environmental
conditions, 51; of imperialism, 57,274, 343; of
irrationality, 324; of Nazism, 51, 73,178,180; of
power, 62,194; of secrecy, 142; of the slaughter
of innocents, 168; of soldiers’ death, 45, 78,248
Motion Picture Association of America, 229
Mukhina, Vera: Worker and Collective Farm
Woman, 66, 67,254
Museum of Modern Art, 84,300
N
Nagel, Otto, 86
Napoleon
mentioned, 124,186
often compared to Hitler, 51, 62
representations of: Commune mesure
illustration, 32, 32; De Gaulle Is Off to War,
202, 203; Napoleon: This Dwarf also Wanted
to Be a Great Field Commander, 130; No
Comment Required, 236,237; This Pawn
Wants to Be a Great Field Commander, 128,
129
Napoleon: This Dwarf also Wanted to Be a Great
Field Commander, 130
National Committee for a Free Germany, 51, 53,
84,170,176
NATO, 252, 260, 292
Ne boltai! Collection of Twentieth-Century
Propaganda, 13,17,56n36,91n46, 97,98,338
Never More!, 48,50, 51
New Economic Policy (NEP), 19
New Location of the Statue of Liberty, The, 190,
191
New York Herald Tribune, 276
New York Stock Exchange, 278
New York Sun, 276
New York Times, 62, 64,276,278, 306
Newsweek, 276
No!, 302, 303
No Comment Required, 236,237
No to the Colonialists and Warmongers!, 302
“No to War!,” 91n46, 97,150,152,218,338
Norstad, Lauris, 260,261
Nowe Widnokręgi, 84, 346
nuclear weapons
development and testing of, 246,274, 320
and disarmament, 262
mentioned, 284, 292,322
poster for the prohibition of, 79,80
proliferation of, 260,272,282
proposed use of, 258
representations of: Headless Horseman,
324, 324, 325; Remove the Burden of
Armaments!, 262,263; The Team of
Warmongers, 260,261; Untitled (1986), 330,
330,331; The Washington Menu, 326, 327;
Your Enemy Teller, 304, 304, 305
0
Oath, The, 172,172
obscenity, 242
Obshchestvennitsa, 31
October (artists group), 23,25
Ogonek, 12, 88,262,263,282, 283
On the Military Wavelength, 314,315
“On the Radio Front Things Are Bad,” 25, 25
On weekends and everyday/Until 12 o’clock/
Work with it, 93
364
Operation Barbarossa, 37, 51,112
Operation Dominic, 274
Organization for European Economic
Cooperation, 196
Orlov, Vladimir, 341
Osoaviakhim (magazine), 20,21,22
Osoaviakhim (organization), 20
Outmoded Transportation, 278, 279
"Outside Stalingrad a 330,000-Man Strong Army
of Hitler Was Destroyed,” 44, 45
OWI (US Office of War Information), 65, 242
P
Pace, Frank, 266, 267
Pacelll, Eugenio, 234, 235
Palestine, 336
Path of a Fascist Murderer, The, 48, 49
Pavilion der Kunst, Berlin, 87, 88
Peace At All Costs (Vereshchagin), 128, 202
Pele, Antonin, 84, 84, 91n32, 340, 346
People, Beware!, 234, 235
photo-caricatures, 59, 68, 71n33. See also
caricature
photocollage, 97-99
photocollages. See under Krasnyi flot; Krokodíl;
Literaturnaia gazeta; Smena
photographs: creation of, 54, 56n39,156, 316 (see
also under Zhitomirsky, Aleksandr); of family,
47-48, 49, 50,108,109, 342; found on dead
soldiers, 148; gathering a personal archive of,
339; messages of, 51; solicitation of, 46-47
photomontage
as an art form, 11,12,15-16, 84, 86, 89, 338-340
attacked, 66, 68, 78-79
definition of, 14
illusions of, 73, 75, 76-77
techniques of: airbrushing, 138,190, 260, 288,
339; assemblage, 98-99,238, 250; and
detail, 188, 246, 286,339; and drawing, 280;
and light, 27-28,156, 200,208; overlapping,
136; retouching, 146,248; and scale, 138,
190, 204
and technology, 30, 94
themes of, 339
Pieck, Wilhelm, 53, 89, 342
Pinochet, Augusto, 318
"Pioneers in 'Free' America,” 23,23
Pius XII, 234,235
Plesko, Galina, 41, 55nl3,126
Plumb-Pudding in Danger, The (Gillray), 186
Politizdat, 296, 304, 308, 310, 320. See also
Gospolitizdat
Portraits of Greatness (Karsh), 264
postcards
and caricatures, 51
of counterpropaganda: It’s Time to Shoot
Yourself, Herr Goring!, 110,110, 111; The Judge
and the Judged (Heartfield), 76; This Man
Is Leading Germany into Catastrophe, 123;
Von Brauchitsch: “I Want to Take a Look at
How This Adventurer Gives Commands, " 124,
124,126
posters: The Black Continent Arises, 300, 301;
Clear Out of Vietnam!, 316, 317; Headless
Horseman, 324, 325; In the Common Market,
298, 299; No!, 302, 303; No to the Colonialists
and Warmongers!, 302; Stalin Is the Greatness
of Our Epoch, Stalin Is the Banner of our
Victories!, 127,127; Without a Mask in the "Free
World," 296,297
POWs (prisoners of war): and possession of
leaflets, 342; statistics regarding, 55n22;
testing done on, 230; treatment of, 38,43,44,
46, 46, 48, 48, 51
Pravda (newspaper)
founding of, 23
mentioned, 12, 88, 336
work published in: The Chilean Shape-shifter,
318, 319; drawings of Ho Chi Mlnh, 92, 93,
306; Outmoded Transportation, 278, 279;
The War Business: “I So Love Freedom."
280, 281
Pravda (publishing house), 31, 40, 278, 316
Preparations in Algeria for the Referendum Are in
High Gear, 256, 257
prisoners of war (POWs): and possession of
leaflets, 342; statistics regarding, 55n22;
testing done on, 230; treatment of, 38, 43, 44,
46, 46, 48, 48, 51
Proletarii sviazi, 19, 20
propaganda, 37-38, 46, 48, 58
psychological warfare, 36, 38, 48
Publishing House of Literature in Foreign
Languages, 40
Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts, 80, 81
R
RABIS, 18
Rabochaia gazeta, 33nl, 200,200
racism, 38, 86, 88,188, 200, 208, 312
radio, 25, 220,238
Rajk, Lészló, 224, 225
Rákosí, Mátyás, 224
Ranks Have Grown Thin, The, 152,152
RAPP (Russian Association of Proletarian
Writers), 25-26
Rassemblement du peuple français, 202
Ray, Man, 51
Reagan, Ronald, 324
“Real Trial" of General Ferch, The (Travinskii), 290
Reich, Das, 63
Reichstag Fire Trial, 76
Rejlander, Oscar Gustav: The Two Ways of Life,
340
Remove the Burden of Armaments!, 262, 263
reuse of imagery
in caricature, 63-64, 236, 314
as a common practice, 23,146
examples of: begging dog, 276, 276, 277;
condor, 249,290, 291; fallen soldiers, 44,
44-46, 45; hands, 133,266,267; homeless
people, 226, 226, 227; silver dollar, 186,187,
276, 277; sitting man, 273, 325,328, 329;
skeletons, 76,77, 78,290, 290, 291; Statue
of Liberty, 201,228, 228
and originality, 280
Right to Hang and the Right to Be Hanged, The,
200, 201
“The Right of the Unemployed to ‘Rest’ under the
Spans of Bridges and in the Dark Alleyways of
Capitalist Cities,” 226
Robeson, Paul, 228
Robinson, Henry Peach: When the Day’s Work Is
Done, 340
Rodchenko, Aleksandr, 23, 341
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 61, 63,180
Rost, 25, 25-26,26, 27
Rote Fahne, 73, 343
Ruikovich, V.: “Twenty-six Years Later John
Heartfield .Views His Own Work,” 81
Russian Association of Proletarian Writers
(RAPP), 25-26
Russov, Anatolii, 348
S
Said, Nuri, 244, 245
Saint-Simon, Henri de, 72
San’ko, Galina, 41, 44, 53, 80, 83
Self-Portrait, 13
Serezha (Danelia and Talankln), 302
Seventh Sector, 40
Seydlitz, Walther von, 51,170,171
Shashkov, B„ 39
“She Will Never See Her Man Again,” 164,165
Ship on the High Seas Caught by a Squall, A
(Velde), 192
Shragin, Viktor: Strauss Is War, 288, 288
Shtranlkh, Vladimir, 28
Shukhov, Vladimir, 25
Shukhov Radio Tower, 25
Shuman, Lev, 39, 55n21,126
Siemens, 310
Silin, Aleksandr, 18
Simonov, Konstantin, 232, 233
Sinister Visitor, A, 294, 295
Sits and Begs, 276,277
Smeliakov, laroslav, 232
Smena
covers: May 1930,23, 24, 34n14
mentioned, 25, 59
photocollages for: Congress of Peace
Supporters, 232, 233; Dec. 1952 issue, 254,
255; Duped, 240, 241; "Liberty" in America,
228,228; The Voice of America, 242, 243
photomontages for: The Amazon, 59, 60; “Day
of the Bolshevik Press,” 23, 24
Smirnov, Sergei Vasil’evich, 296, 302
Smith, Walter Bedell, 62,186
Smolianskii, Vladimir: The Great Geschäft, 310,
310
snakes, 282
Snyder, Ruth, 190
Socialist Unity Party, 53, 79
Soldatenfreund, 40
“sonic warfare,” 176
“The South African Delegate Makes His Way to
the Commission for the Protection of Human
Rights,” 208, 209
Sovetskaia kul’tura, 88, 341
Sovetskaia Rossiia, 328, 328, 332, 334, 336
Sovetskii Soiuz
INDEX 365
covers: Mar. 1950 issue, 66, 66; Nov. 1986 issue,
330, 330, 331
employment at, 66, 70, 71n32, 92, 328, 346
mentioned, 11,12, 59, 79, 81,100
transformations of, 66, 71n32, 212
Sovetskii voin, 314
Sovetskoe foto, 80
Soviet Union, 67, 81, 92, 93
Sovinformburo, 39,150
Spetspropaganda, 40
Spy Reinhard Gehlen, The, 286, 287
SSSRna stroike, 30-31, 65-66, 212, 226
Stalin, Joseph
death, effects of, 69-70, 79
leadership of, 127, 254
mentioned, 38
representations of: “For the Motherland! For
Stalin!,” 38,100,101; Stalin Is the Greatness
of Our Epoch, Stalin Is the Banner of our
Victories!, 127,127; "To the Brave Falcons of
Our Motherland,” 28, 30
Stalin Is the Greatness of Our Epoch, Stalin Is the
Banner of our Victories!, 127,127
Statue of Liberty, representations of: “American
'Democracy' as It Really Is," 200, 200; The
Gendarme, 296, 296; “Liberty” In America, 228,
228; “Marshall's Baton” (Efimov), 62, 62,194,
194; The New Location of the Statue of Liberty,
190,191; The Right to Hang and the Right to Be
Hanged, 200, 201; The War Business: “I So Love
Freedom280, 281; Without a Mask in the
"Free World,” 296, 297
Steidle, Luitpold, 170,171
Stepanova, Varvara, 23, 25
Stevenson, Adlai, 252, 253
Strauss, Franz Josef, 288
Strauss Is War, 288, 289
Strengthening of Attention and Care, The, 218, 219
Stroim, 28, 30, 30-31, 226
Sunday/ Monday, 94
T
Taiwan, 258
Talankin, Igor, and Giorgi Danelia: Serezha, 302
Tarkovsky, Andrei: Ivan's Childhood, 302
Tatlln, Vladimir, 14
Team of Warmongers, The, 260, 261
Tears (Ray), 51
television, 238, 314, 316
Telingater, Solomon, 53, 79-80, 81, 341
Teller, Edward, 304, 305
Thaw, 70, 78
There, beyond the River-Palestine, 336, 337
There Will Be No More Christmas Reunions for
Them, 120,120,121
They Are Not Returning for Christmas, They Are
Never Returning, 118,119
They Argue That America Is a Democracy., 322,
323
“This Fate Awaits Anyone Participating in the
Campaign of Rape against Soviet Russia,” 48,
50, 51,108
This Is the Fate of the German Soldiers of the
Eastern Front, 75, 75, 78
“This Is the Fate of the German Soldiers of the
Eastern Front,” 74,136,137
This Man Is Leading Germany into Catastrophe, 10,
51, 52, 73, 74,123,123, 236, 342-343
This Pawn Wants to Be a Great Field Commander,
128,129
“This War Is Not the 'Little Pleasure Trip’ Hitler
Promised You,” 47, 47
Thoughts and Reminiscences (Bismarck), 123,134
Three Dates, 114,115,116
Thyssen, Fritz, 73
Tikhonov, Nikolai, 232, 233
Time, 276
Tito, Josip Broz, 224
To a Good Hour, 150,151
“To Account!,” 76,156,157
“To the Brave Falcons of Our Motherland,” 28,30
Traitors, 258, 258
Travinskii, Vladilen: The “Real Trial" of General
Ferch, 290
Tret’iakov, Sergei, 27, 78, 79-80, 91n37
Tret’iakova, Olga, 80
Trolanovskaia, Elena, 83
Trud, 33nl
Truman, Harry S.
representations of: Damn Television! I Turn
On the Twentieth Channel, but It's the
Same Picture, 238, 239; Harry Truman: The
Hysterical War Drummer, 63,63,198,199,
343; In the American Ring: Knockout, 222,
223; No Comment Required, 236, 237; A
Wolfish Appetite, 186,187
Truman Doctrine, 61-63,184, 210,218
Turkey, 92, 218
“Twenty-six Years Later John Heartfield Views His
Own Work” (Ruikovlch), 81
Twinning, Nathan Farragut, 260, 261
Two Sons, Two Crosses, 118,118
Two Steps from the Equator (Bershadskii), 306
Two Ways of Life, The (Rejlander), 340
Two-Faced Mister Acheson, 250, 251
U
Uhse, Bodo, 79
Ulbricht, Walter, 53, 89, 342
“Uncle Sam’s Cabin,” 65
Unfortunate Coachman, The, 196,197
Union of Artists of the USSR, 79, 80, 81
Union of Journalists of the GDR, 342
Union of Soviet Writers, 68
Union of Visual Artists of the GDR, 79, 80,81,86
Unit 731, 230
United Nations, 204, 208, 210, 245
Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 208
Untitled (1952), 254, 255
Untitled (1986), 330, 330, 331
US News World Report, 276
US Office of War Information (OWI), 65,242
“Use the Photo as a Weapon!” (Weiskopf), 15
V
Vainshtok, Vladimir: The Headless Horseman, 324
Vasil’ev, Gennadii: Why Detroit Skids, 328,328
Vasilevskaia, Vanda, 232, 233
Vedova, Valentina. 59,60
Velde, Willem van de, the Younger: Ship on the
High Seas Caught by a Squall, 192
Velikaia Otechestvennaia Voina, 44-46,45, 55n21
Veliugin, Anatolii: “Comrade Kozlov In New York,”
228
Vereshchagin, Vasilii: Peace at All Costs, 128, 202
Vietnam, 316
Vilenskli, M.: “The Mime from California,” 272. 272;
Your Enemy Teller, 304,304
Virta, Nikolai, 55n21
VKHuTEMAS, 19
Voenizdat, 38
Voice of America, The, 242, 243
Volks-lllustrierte, 42, 73
Volokolamsk Highway (Bek), 126
Von Brauchitsch: “/ Want to Take a Look at How
This Adventurer Gives Commands,” 124,124,
126
Vozhatyi, 20,22,23,23
Vysinskii, Andrei, 204
W
W. Churchill, “Memoirs of a Warmonger," 206,
206, 207
Wall Street Journal, 276
Wall Street’s Candidates, 252,253
Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (Friedrich), 150
“War against War”
from the maquette of: Does This Cross Warm
You?, 53, 53,290,290; Frederick the Great:
This Pawn Imagines Himself to Be a Great
Field Commander, 128,128; New Location
of the Statue of Liberty, 190,191; The Ranks
Have Grown Thin, 152,152; The Team of
Warmongers, 260,261; Two Sons, Two
Crosses, 118,118; With Armed Eyes, 210, 211;
A Wolfish Appetite, 59,60, 61, 62,186,187,
347
mentioned, 97,338
naming of, 91n46
War Criminal Foertsch, The, 290, 291
The War Business: “I So Love Freedom.,” 280,
281
Washington Menu, The, 326,327
“We Will Not Forget, We Will Not Forgive!,” 48,
49
weapons. See biological weapons; nuclear
weapons
Welnert, Erich
counterpropaganda poetry: “1812-1942,” 128,
130,131; “Conversation in a Soldier’s Grave,”
78; “Ich Klage An!,” 138,141
mentioned, 42,170
pictured, 171
Weiskopf, F. C.: “Use the Photo as a Weapon!," 15
Werewolves (Baryshev), 334,334
Westmoreland, William, 306,307
What General Heusinger Dreams About, 292, 292,
293
When the Day’s Work Is Done (Robinson), 340
“When the Private Is at the Front —” 158,159
Where is the First End?, 27
366
“Where the Fascists Wanted to Find Victory, They
Found Death,” 45
White, Isaac D., 260, 261
"White Book" and Black Life, The, 216,217
Whitney, Thomas P., 62
Who Is Next?, 312,313
Why? (Goya), 164
Why Detroit Skids, 328, 329
Why Is He Now Silent?, 154,154
Wieden, Ruth, 40
Wife-Activist Movement, 27
Wilhelm II, 51
Winston Churchill (The Fulton Dog), 184,185
With Armed Eyes, 210, 211
With Fire and Dollars, 306, 307
“With the March to the East Began the March to
Death", 112,112,113
“With the Photo Camera All Around the World,”
19, 20
Without a Mask in the “Free World"! poster set):
The Black Continent Arises, 300, 301; cover,
296,297; In the Common Market, 298, 299;
No!, 302, 303
Without Rudder or Sail, 192,193
Wives of Engineers—Civic-Minded Women of
Heavy Industry, 27, 29
Wolfgramm, Willi, 86
Wolfish Appetite, A, 59, 60, 61, 62,186,187, 347
Wolna Polska, 84
Worker and Collective Farm Woman (Mukhina),
66, 67, 254
Workers’ International Relief (IAH), 15, 42
World Peace Movement, 232
Y
Yalta Conference, 63,180, 218
Yamada, Otozo, 230
"Year in, Year out Hitler Has Blathered on about
His Victories,” 154,155
Your Enemy Teller, 304, 305
Yugoslavia, 258
Z
Za industrializatsiiu, 28
Zhdanov, Andrei, 64
Zhdanovshchina, 64
Zheleznov, Leopol’d, 39, 41, 64
Zheleznova, Miriam, 64
Zheny inzhenerov, 31
Zhitomirsky, Abram, 20,22,54, 56n42
Zhitomirsky, Aleksandr
art training of, 10,18-19, 92
blacklisting of, 79
craftsmanship of, 88, 347
and drawing, 11,27, 92, 93, 94,144, 346
early career of, 20-33
employment of, 20,28, ЗЗпЗ, 33n11, 55n21,59,
69-70, 70n4, 71n32, 316, 346
exhibitions: All-Union Artistic Exhibition
(Moscow, 1949), 198; Down with the
Warmongers! (Moscow, 1952), 68, 69,250;
In Struggle United! (Berlin, 1961), 72, 73,84,
85, 86, 87, 88, 92,345-346; A. Zhitomirsky:
Exhibition of Photomontages and Drawings
(Moscow, 1963), 88, 92; Aleksandr
Zhitomirsky: Against Fascism, against War!
(Moscow, 1967), 89, 92; Turkey through the
Eyes of a Soviet Artist (Moscow, 1970), 92;
For Peace, against War (Rostov-on-Don,
1973), 92; Exhibition of Photomontages and
Drawings by Honored Artist of the RSFSR
Aleksandr Zhitomirsky (Moscow, 1975), 92
honors bestowed upon, 88, 92
and John Heartfield, 10-11,73, 75-78,346-347
monogram of, 20, 20,21
and photo modeling: as a colonialist, 208, 208;
with folded arms, 236; for hand gestures,
128,128; as multiple soldiers, 156,157; as
a soldier falling in battle, 54,160,161; as a
soldier ripping a book, 15,16,166,167; as a
soldier with bayonet, 168,168,169; as UN
delegates, 204, 204
on photomontage techniques: of airbrushing,
138,190,260,288, 339; of assemblage, 238,
250; and detail, 246, 286; and drawing, 280;
and light, 156,200,208; of overlapping, 136;
of retouching, 248; and scale, 138,190,204
pictured: holding a copy of Metallist (1929),
21; during WWII (1941), 39; with co-workers
(1942), 126; with co-workers (1943-44), 41;
with wife in crowd (1945), 53; at Union of
Artists meeting (1957), 81; at dinner party
(1958), 83; with John Heartfield (1958), 82;
at exhibition venue (1961), 73, 84
and survival, 16,18, 32-33, 64-66
and written correspondence, 84, 88, 89
Zhitomirsky, Erika, 53, 83, 88
Zhitomirsky, Vladimir, 10-11, 33n2, 56n36, 58, 64,
83
Zhukov, Georgii, 182,183
Zhuralev, Vasilii, 254
Znamia, 68, 248, 249, 296,296
Zôrgiebel, Karl, 15
Zyklon B, 270
INDEX 367 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Wolf, Erika 1963- |
| author2 | Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 Žitomirskij, Aleksandr A. 1907-1993 |
| author2_role | ill |
| author2_variant | a a ž aa aaž a a ž aa aaž |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1020607742 (DE-588)119441071 |
| author_facet | Wolf, Erika 1963- Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 Žitomirskij, Aleksandr A. 1907-1993 |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Wolf, Erika 1963- |
| author_variant | e w ew |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV044018116 |
| callnumber-first | T - Technology |
| callnumber-label | TR685 |
| callnumber-raw | TR685 |
| callnumber-search | TR685 |
| callnumber-sort | TR 3685 |
| callnumber-subject | TR - Photography |
| classification_rvk | LI 99999 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)973557928 (DE-599)BVBBV044018116 |
| dewey-full | 770 |
| dewey-hundreds | 700 - The arts |
| dewey-ones | 770 - Photography, computer art, cinematography |
| dewey-raw | 770 |
| dewey-search | 770 |
| dewey-sort | 3770 |
| dewey-tens | 770 - Photography, computer art, cinematography |
| discipline | Kunstgeschichte |
| edition | First edition |
| era | Geschichte 1941-1987 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1941-1987 |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>00000nam a2200000 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV044018116</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20241118</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t|</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">170127s2016 xxu |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="010" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">016025237</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9780300219180</subfield><subfield code="9">978-0-300-21918-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)973557928</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV044018116</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">xxu</subfield><subfield code="c">US</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-B486</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-255</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">TR685</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">770</subfield><subfield code="2">23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">OST</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="2">fid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">LI 99999</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)97471:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">2.1</subfield><subfield code="2">KUBA2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Wolf, Erika</subfield><subfield code="d">1963-</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)1020607742</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Aleksandr Zhitomirsky</subfield><subfield code="b">photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War</subfield><subfield code="c">Erika Wolf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">First edition</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Chicago, Illinois</subfield><subfield code="b">The Art Institute of Chicago</subfield><subfield code="c">[2016]</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">368 Seiten</subfield><subfield code="c">32 cm</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">sti</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Includes bibliographical references (pages 355-359) and index</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">"The leading Russian propaganda artist Aleksandr Zhitomirsky (1907-1993) made photomontages that were airdropped on German troops during World War II. 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| genre | (DE-588)4135467-9 Ausstellungskatalog Art Institute of Chicago 03.09.2016-10.01.2017 Chicago, Ill gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Ausstellungskatalog Art Institute of Chicago 03.09.2016-10.01.2017 Chicago, Ill |
| geographic | Europa |
| geographic_facet | Europa |
| id | DE-604.BV044018116 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-11-18T17:02:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| institution_GND | (DE-588)1004734-7 |
| isbn | 9780300219180 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 016025237 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029425722 |
| oclc_num | 973557928 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-B486 DE-255 DE-11 DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-B486 DE-255 DE-11 DE-12 |
| physical | 368 Seiten 32 cm |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSearch | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | The Art Institute of Chicago |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Wolf, Erika 1963- (DE-588)1020607742 aut Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War Erika Wolf First edition Chicago, Illinois The Art Institute of Chicago [2016] 368 Seiten 32 cm txt rdacontent sti rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (pages 355-359) and index "The leading Russian propaganda artist Aleksandr Zhitomirsky (1907-1993) made photomontages that were airdropped on German troops during World War II. He later worked for Pravda and other leading publications, satirizing American politics and finance from the Truman through the Reagan eras and educating his public about Egypt, South Africa, Vietnam, and Nicaragua as well. Zhitomirsky favored the grotesque and the eye-catching. His villainous menagerie included Reichsminister Joseph Goebbels as a distorted simian and an airborne scorpion outfitted with an Uncle Sam hat. In this comprehensive, image-driven account of Zhitomirsky's long career, Erika Wolf explores his connections to and long friendship with the German artist John Heartfield, whose work inspired his own. Wolf also examines more than 100 of Zhitomirsky's photomontages and translates excerpts from his one published book, The Art of Political Photomontage: Advice for the Artist (1983). In an era when satirical photomontage thrives on the Internet and propaganda has reasserted itself in America and Russia alike, this study of a once-prominent yet internationally undiscovered artist is more than timely"... Zhitomirskiĭ, Aleksandr 1907-1993 Criticism and interpretation Heartfield, John 1891-1968 Influence Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 (DE-588)119441071 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1941-1987 gnd rswk-swf ART / Russian & Former Soviet Union bisacsh ART / History / Contemporary (1945-) bisacsh ART / Mixed Media bisacsh ART / Collections, Catalogs, Exhibitions / General bisacsh HISTORY / Europe / Russia & the Former Soviet Union bisacsh Geschichte Photomontage Fotomontage (DE-588)4045920-2 gnd rswk-swf Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 gnd rswk-swf Europa (DE-588)4135467-9 Ausstellungskatalog Art Institute of Chicago 03.09.2016-10.01.2017 Chicago, Ill gnd-content Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 (DE-588)119441071 p Fotomontage (DE-588)4045920-2 s Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 s Geschichte 1941-1987 z DE-604 Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 (DE-588)119441071 ill Žitomirskij, Aleksandr A. 1907-1993 Iskusstvo političeskogo fotomontaža Art Institute of Chicago (DE-588)1004734-7 isb V:DE-604 application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029425722&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029425722&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029425722&sequence=000004&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Wolf, Erika 1963- Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War Zhitomirskiĭ, Aleksandr 1907-1993 Criticism and interpretation Heartfield, John 1891-1968 Influence Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 (DE-588)119441071 gnd ART / Russian & Former Soviet Union bisacsh ART / History / Contemporary (1945-) bisacsh ART / Mixed Media bisacsh ART / Collections, Catalogs, Exhibitions / General bisacsh HISTORY / Europe / Russia & the Former Soviet Union bisacsh Geschichte Photomontage Fotomontage (DE-588)4045920-2 gnd Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)119441071 (DE-588)4045920-2 (DE-588)4076374-2 (DE-588)4135467-9 |
| title | Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War |
| title_alt | Iskusstvo političeskogo fotomontaža |
| title_auth | Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War |
| title_exact_search | Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War |
| title_full | Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War Erika Wolf |
| title_fullStr | Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War Erika Wolf |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aleksandr Zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War Erika Wolf |
| title_short | Aleksandr Zhitomirsky |
| title_sort | aleksandr zhitomirsky photomontage as a weapon of world war ii and the cold war |
| title_sub | photomontage as a weapon of World War II and the Cold War |
| topic | Zhitomirskiĭ, Aleksandr 1907-1993 Criticism and interpretation Heartfield, John 1891-1968 Influence Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 (DE-588)119441071 gnd ART / Russian & Former Soviet Union bisacsh ART / History / Contemporary (1945-) bisacsh ART / Mixed Media bisacsh ART / Collections, Catalogs, Exhibitions / General bisacsh HISTORY / Europe / Russia & the Former Soviet Union bisacsh Geschichte Photomontage Fotomontage (DE-588)4045920-2 gnd Propaganda (DE-588)4076374-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Zhitomirskiĭ, Aleksandr 1907-1993 Criticism and interpretation Heartfield, John 1891-1968 Influence Žitomirskij, Aleksandr Arnolʹdovič 1907-1993 ART / Russian & Former Soviet Union ART / History / Contemporary (1945-) ART / Mixed Media ART / Collections, Catalogs, Exhibitions / General HISTORY / Europe / Russia & the Former Soviet Union Geschichte Photomontage Fotomontage Propaganda Europa Ausstellungskatalog Art Institute of Chicago 03.09.2016-10.01.2017 Chicago, Ill |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029425722&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029425722&sequence=000003&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029425722&sequence=000004&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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