Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam ; Boston ; Heidelberg ; London ; New York ; Oxford ; Paris ; San Diego ; San Francisco ; Singapore ; Sydney ; Tokyo
Elsevier
[2017]
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | xii, 158 Seiten Karten, Diagramme, Illustrationen |
Internformat
MARC
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Introduction: Definition of the Problem xi
Part I
The Issues that Matter
1. A Brief History of Oil and Gas Development
From an Environmental Perspective
The Rise of Unconventional Resources 3
Investigations of Environmental and Health Impacts 6
References 9
2. Overview of Oil and Gas Processes
and Their Emissions to Air
Emission Source Categories 11
Exploration and Production 12
Gathering and Processing 14
Gas and Liquid Separation 14
Glycol Dehydration 15
Methanol Injection 15
Particulate Filtering 15
Gas Sweetening and Sulfur Recovery 16
Hydrocarbon Recovery 16
Blowdown 17
Combustion 17
Storage and Transmission 18
Waste Disposal 20
Oil and Gas Supply Chains 20
References 22
3. Toxic Air Pollution on Neighborhood Scales
An Invisible Threat 23
The Measurement Dilemma 25
Alleged Health Effects of Oil and Gas Site Emissions 26
Reactive Chemicals and Mixtures 27
References 28
4. Urban and Regional Ozone
Atmospheric Ozone and the US National Ambient
Air Quality Standard 31
Ozone Photochemistry 32
Factors Affecting Regional Ozone 34
Oil and Gas Development and Urban Ozone Nonattainment 38
The Cold Ozone Phenomenon 41
References 44
5. Particulate Matter and Surface Deposition
Particulate Matter Standards 47
Primary Particulates From Oil and Gas Activities 48
Secondary Aerosol 50
Particle Deposition and Ecosystem Impacts 52
References 53
6. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Impacts
The Physics of Climate Change 55
Global Warming Potential 57
Methane Leakage 59
C02 from Global Gas Flaring 60
Tropospheric Ozone 62
References 63
Part 11
Tools for Crafting Solutions
7. Emission Inventories
Importance of Emissions Quantification 67
Overview of Current Emissions Estimation Techniques 68
Source Sampling 68
Emission Factors 68
Computer Models 68
Engineering Calculations 69
Leak Measurement During the Fort Worth Natural Gas
Air Quality Study 69
Flare Emission Factors 69
A Storage Tank Emissions Model 71
Blowdown Emissions Estimated From the Displacement Equation 72
Extrapolation to the Basin Scale 73
Wellhead Compressors 73
Flaring 74
Growth and Control Factors 75
Midstream Point Source Permits 75
New Source Review 76
Title V 76
References 76
8. Ambient Air Monitoring and Remote Sensing
Monitoring Application Types 79
Mapping and Surveying 79
Baseline and Trend Monitoring 80
Source Attribution and Emissions Quantification 80
Sampling Strategies 80
Mobile Platforms With Real-Time Sensors 81
Remote Sensing 81
Distributed Sensor Networks 85
Advanced Measurement Technologies 85
Optical Techniques 86
Ionization Techniques 88
Other Chemical Techniques 89
References 90
9. Data Assimilation and Inverse Modeling
The Emergence of Data Assimilation 93
An Eulerian Forward and Adjoint Transport Model 94
Demonstration of the Adjoint Method in an Oil
and Gas Application 97
Data Assimilation in a Gaussian Dispersion Model 99
References 100
10. Photochemical Simulation
Atmospheric Transformations 103
The HARC Chemical Mechanism 104
The HARC Chemical Solver 109
The HARC Chemical Adjoint 113
Inverse Modeling of Chemically Reactive Emissions 116
References 118
11.
MuItiScale Impact Assessment
The Problem of Multiple Scales 121
Ozone Attainment in San Antonio, Texas 1 22
A Micro-Scale Simulation of Air Quality in the EFS 123
Implications for SIP Modeling 129
References 131
12. Emission Controls
Overview of Mitigation Strategies 133
Fugitive Emissions 133
Combustion Emissions 135
Benefits of Emissions Control 136
Updated NSPS 137
Leak Detection and Repair 139
Pneumatic Pumps and Controllers 140
Compressors 140
Green Completions 140
References 140
Epilogue: The Road Ahead 143
Appendix A: Conventional Air Quality Monitoring Stations 145
Appendix B: Source Apportionment Techniques 149
Index 153
Atmospheric Impacts of the Oil and Gas Industry provides the most up-to-
date scientific and technological methods available to quantify oil and gas
industry emissions and atmospheric impacts in a manner that is relevant to
the development of, compliance with, or enforcement of effective policy and
regulations.
Atmospheric Impacts of the Oil and Gas Industry offers a concise survey of
these methods to facilitate the implementation of solutions that promote
sustainable energy production. Divided into two parts, Part I covers a technical
and descriptive summary of air quality and global change issues relevant to
the oil and gas industry. Part II concisely, but rigorously, summarizes state-
of-the-art methods pertaining to the analysis and solution of the problems
identified in Part I. Methods covered include real-time monitoring with
chemical ionization mass spectrometry, drone-mounted mini-lasers and
gas cells, and tomographic remote sensing; inverse modeling of emissions;
three-dimensional fluid, chemical and transport models; and contemporary
control technologies such as flare minimization, oxidation catalysts, and
vapor recovery. Field studies, policy-relevant modeling assessments, and
regulatory decisions from multiple geographic regions are also presented
providing readers best practices from real-world applications.
|
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| subject_GND | (DE-588)4136950-6 (DE-588)4015186-4 (DE-588)4003397-1 |
| title | Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry |
| title_auth | Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry |
| title_exact_search | Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry |
| title_full | Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry Eduardo P. Olaguer |
| title_fullStr | Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry Eduardo P. Olaguer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry Eduardo P. Olaguer |
| title_short | Atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry |
| title_sort | atmospheric impacts of the oil and gas industry |
| topic | Erdgasindustrie (DE-588)4136950-6 gnd Erdölindustrie (DE-588)4015186-4 gnd Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Erdgasindustrie Erdölindustrie Atmosphäre |
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