Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works:
It is by now almost a cliché that the flight and expulsion of Germans from east-central Europe at the end of the Second World War was a taboo topic in the German Democratic Republic. According to this claim, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) suppressed reference to flight and expulsion so as not to up...
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Elektronisch E-Book |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Suffolk
Boydell & Brewer
2014
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | BSB01 Volltext |
| Zusammenfassung: | It is by now almost a cliché that the flight and expulsion of Germans from east-central Europe at the end of the Second World War was a taboo topic in the German Democratic Republic. According to this claim, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) suppressed reference to flight and expulsion so as not to upset its socialist neighbors. This book shows that such a view does not hold up to serious scrutiny. While the topic may not have been addressed in the realm of politics or official commemoration, it was picked up again and again in literature, particularly fiction. Representations of flight and expulsion were by no means restricted, as some have asserted, to Christa Wolf's novel Kindheitsmuster: Niven's study documents around 100 novels and short stories published in the GDR that address flight or expulsion. He argues that in the 1950s and early 1960s GDR fiction included many refugee figures. The predominant emphasis was on their integration under socialism rather than their experience of flight and loss of home; nevertheless, flight and to a lesser degree expulsion were depicted, as was their impact on individuals. They continued to be thematized in the late GDR and even, to a degree, after unification. Flight and expulsion, then, were subject to a developing literary discourse in the GDR, a discourse that this book explores. Bill Niven is Professor in Contemporary German History at Nottingham Trent University |
| Beschreibung: | Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 02 Oct 2015) |
| Beschreibung: | 1 online resource (219 pages) |
| ISBN: | 9781571138996 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nmm a2200000zc 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV043939414 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 00000000000000.0 | ||
| 007 | cr|uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 161206s2014 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781571138996 |c Online |9 978-1-57113-899-6 | ||
| 035 | |a (ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781571138996 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)967389850 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV043939414 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rda | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 833/.914099431 |2 23 | |
| 084 | |a GN 1522 |0 (DE-625)42432: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a GN 1701 |0 (DE-625)42437: |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Niven, William John |d 1956- |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works |c Bill Niven |
| 246 | 1 | 3 | |a Representations of Flight & Expulsion in East German Prose Works |
| 264 | 1 | |a Suffolk |b Boydell & Brewer |c 2014 | |
| 300 | |a 1 online resource (219 pages) | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 02 Oct 2015) | ||
| 505 | 8 | |a Evidence and interpretation: flight and expulsion in GDR prose works -- GDR reconstruction literature of the 1950s and early 1960s and the figure of the refugee -- From novels set in the Nazi period to novels of revisiting the skeptical muse: reassessing integration -- Flight and expulsion in East German prose works after unification | |
| 520 | |a It is by now almost a cliché that the flight and expulsion of Germans from east-central Europe at the end of the Second World War was a taboo topic in the German Democratic Republic. According to this claim, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) suppressed reference to flight and expulsion so as not to upset its socialist neighbors. This book shows that such a view does not hold up to serious scrutiny. While the topic may not have been addressed in the realm of politics or official commemoration, it was picked up again and again in literature, particularly fiction. Representations of flight and expulsion were by no means restricted, as some have asserted, to Christa Wolf's novel Kindheitsmuster: Niven's study documents around 100 novels and short stories published in the GDR that address flight or expulsion. He argues that in the 1950s and early 1960s GDR fiction included many refugee figures. The predominant emphasis was on their integration under socialism rather than their experience of flight and loss of home; nevertheless, flight and to a lesser degree expulsion were depicted, as was their impact on individuals. They continued to be thematized in the late GDR and even, to a degree, after unification. Flight and expulsion, then, were subject to a developing literary discourse in the GDR, a discourse that this book explores. Bill Niven is Professor in Contemporary German History at Nottingham Trent University | ||
| 648 | 4 | |a Geschichte 1900-2000 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a German prose literature / Germany (East) / History and criticism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a German prose literature / 20th century / History and criticism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Emigration and immigration in literature | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Emigration and immigration in motion pictures | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Deportation in literature | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Refugees in literature | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Refugees in motion pictures | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Flucht |g Motiv |0 (DE-588)4154675-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Vertreibung |g Motiv |0 (DE-588)4121869-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Deutsch |0 (DE-588)4113292-0 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Prosa |0 (DE-588)4047497-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 7 | |a Deutschland |g DDR |0 (DE-588)4011890-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Deutsch |0 (DE-588)4113292-0 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Deutschland |g DDR |0 (DE-588)4011890-3 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Prosa |0 (DE-588)4047497-5 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Flucht |g Motiv |0 (DE-588)4154675-1 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 4 | |a Vertreibung |g Motiv |0 (DE-588)4121869-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |8 1\p |5 DE-604 | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Erscheint auch als |n Druckausgabe |z 978-1-57113-535-3 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u http://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781571138996/type/BOOK |x Verlag |z URL des Erstveröffentlichers |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a ZDB-20-CBO | ||
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029348385 | ||
| 883 | 1 | |8 1\p |a cgwrk |d 20201028 |q DE-101 |u https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk | |
| 966 | e | |u http://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781571138996/type/BOOK |l BSB01 |p ZDB-20-CBO |q BSB_PDA_CBO |x Verlag |3 Volltext | |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804176878987116544 |
|---|---|
| any_adam_object | |
| author | Niven, William John 1956- |
| author_facet | Niven, William John 1956- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Niven, William John 1956- |
| author_variant | w j n wj wjn |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043939414 |
| classification_rvk | GN 1522 GN 1701 |
| collection | ZDB-20-CBO |
| contents | Evidence and interpretation: flight and expulsion in GDR prose works -- GDR reconstruction literature of the 1950s and early 1960s and the figure of the refugee -- From novels set in the Nazi period to novels of revisiting the skeptical muse: reassessing integration -- Flight and expulsion in East German prose works after unification |
| ctrlnum | (ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781571138996 (OCoLC)967389850 (DE-599)BVBBV043939414 |
| dewey-full | 833/.914099431 |
| dewey-hundreds | 800 - Literature (Belles-lettres) and rhetoric |
| dewey-ones | 833 - German fiction |
| dewey-raw | 833/.914099431 |
| dewey-search | 833/.914099431 |
| dewey-sort | 3833 9914099431 |
| dewey-tens | 830 - Literatures of Germanic languages |
| discipline | Germanistik / Niederlandistik / Skandinavistik |
| era | Geschichte 1900-2000 |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1900-2000 |
| format | Electronic eBook |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>04402nmm a2200637zc 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV043939414</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">00000000000000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr|uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">161206s2014 |||| o||u| ||||||eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781571138996</subfield><subfield code="c">Online</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-57113-899-6</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ZDB-20-CBO)CR9781571138996</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)967389850</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV043939414</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">833/.914099431</subfield><subfield code="2">23</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GN 1522</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)42432:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GN 1701</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)42437:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Niven, William John</subfield><subfield code="d">1956-</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works</subfield><subfield code="c">Bill Niven</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="246" ind1="1" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Representations of Flight & Expulsion in East German Prose Works</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Suffolk</subfield><subfield code="b">Boydell & Brewer</subfield><subfield code="c">2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1 online resource (219 pages)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 02 Oct 2015)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="505" ind1="8" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Evidence and interpretation: flight and expulsion in GDR prose works -- GDR reconstruction literature of the 1950s and early 1960s and the figure of the refugee -- From novels set in the Nazi period to novels of revisiting the skeptical muse: reassessing integration -- Flight and expulsion in East German prose works after unification</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">It is by now almost a cliché that the flight and expulsion of Germans from east-central Europe at the end of the Second World War was a taboo topic in the German Democratic Republic. According to this claim, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) suppressed reference to flight and expulsion so as not to upset its socialist neighbors. This book shows that such a view does not hold up to serious scrutiny. While the topic may not have been addressed in the realm of politics or official commemoration, it was picked up again and again in literature, particularly fiction. Representations of flight and expulsion were by no means restricted, as some have asserted, to Christa Wolf's novel Kindheitsmuster: Niven's study documents around 100 novels and short stories published in the GDR that address flight or expulsion. He argues that in the 1950s and early 1960s GDR fiction included many refugee figures. The predominant emphasis was on their integration under socialism rather than their experience of flight and loss of home; nevertheless, flight and to a lesser degree expulsion were depicted, as was their impact on individuals. They continued to be thematized in the late GDR and even, to a degree, after unification. Flight and expulsion, then, were subject to a developing literary discourse in the GDR, a discourse that this book explores. Bill Niven is Professor in Contemporary German History at Nottingham Trent University</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="648" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Geschichte 1900-2000</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">German prose literature / Germany (East) / History and criticism</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">German prose literature / 20th century / History and criticism</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Emigration and immigration in literature</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Emigration and immigration in motion pictures</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Deportation in literature</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Refugees in literature</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Refugees in motion pictures</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Flucht</subfield><subfield code="g">Motiv</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4154675-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Vertreibung</subfield><subfield code="g">Motiv</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4121869-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Deutsch</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4113292-0</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Prosa</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4047497-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Deutschland</subfield><subfield code="g">DDR</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4011890-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Deutsch</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4113292-0</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Deutschland</subfield><subfield code="g">DDR</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4011890-3</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Prosa</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4047497-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Flucht</subfield><subfield code="g">Motiv</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4154675-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Vertreibung</subfield><subfield code="g">Motiv</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4121869-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="776" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Erscheint auch als</subfield><subfield code="n">Druckausgabe</subfield><subfield code="z">978-1-57113-535-3</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">http://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781571138996/type/BOOK</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="z">URL des Erstveröffentlichers</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029348385</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="883" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="8">1\p</subfield><subfield code="a">cgwrk</subfield><subfield code="d">20201028</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-101</subfield><subfield code="u">https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="966" ind1="e" ind2=" "><subfield code="u">http://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781571138996/type/BOOK</subfield><subfield code="l">BSB01</subfield><subfield code="p">ZDB-20-CBO</subfield><subfield code="q">BSB_PDA_CBO</subfield><subfield code="x">Verlag</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Deutschland DDR (DE-588)4011890-3 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Deutschland DDR |
| id | DE-604.BV043939414 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:39:11Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781571138996 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029348385 |
| oclc_num | 967389850 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 1 online resource (219 pages) |
| psigel | ZDB-20-CBO ZDB-20-CBO BSB_PDA_CBO |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateSearch | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | Boydell & Brewer |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Niven, William John 1956- Verfasser aut Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works Bill Niven Representations of Flight & Expulsion in East German Prose Works Suffolk Boydell & Brewer 2014 1 online resource (219 pages) txt rdacontent c rdamedia cr rdacarrier Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 02 Oct 2015) Evidence and interpretation: flight and expulsion in GDR prose works -- GDR reconstruction literature of the 1950s and early 1960s and the figure of the refugee -- From novels set in the Nazi period to novels of revisiting the skeptical muse: reassessing integration -- Flight and expulsion in East German prose works after unification It is by now almost a cliché that the flight and expulsion of Germans from east-central Europe at the end of the Second World War was a taboo topic in the German Democratic Republic. According to this claim, the Socialist Unity Party (SED) suppressed reference to flight and expulsion so as not to upset its socialist neighbors. This book shows that such a view does not hold up to serious scrutiny. While the topic may not have been addressed in the realm of politics or official commemoration, it was picked up again and again in literature, particularly fiction. Representations of flight and expulsion were by no means restricted, as some have asserted, to Christa Wolf's novel Kindheitsmuster: Niven's study documents around 100 novels and short stories published in the GDR that address flight or expulsion. He argues that in the 1950s and early 1960s GDR fiction included many refugee figures. The predominant emphasis was on their integration under socialism rather than their experience of flight and loss of home; nevertheless, flight and to a lesser degree expulsion were depicted, as was their impact on individuals. They continued to be thematized in the late GDR and even, to a degree, after unification. Flight and expulsion, then, were subject to a developing literary discourse in the GDR, a discourse that this book explores. Bill Niven is Professor in Contemporary German History at Nottingham Trent University Geschichte 1900-2000 German prose literature / Germany (East) / History and criticism German prose literature / 20th century / History and criticism Emigration and immigration in literature Emigration and immigration in motion pictures Deportation in literature Refugees in literature Refugees in motion pictures Flucht Motiv (DE-588)4154675-1 gnd rswk-swf Vertreibung Motiv (DE-588)4121869-3 gnd rswk-swf Deutsch (DE-588)4113292-0 gnd rswk-swf Prosa (DE-588)4047497-5 gnd rswk-swf Deutschland DDR (DE-588)4011890-3 gnd rswk-swf Deutsch (DE-588)4113292-0 s Deutschland DDR (DE-588)4011890-3 g Prosa (DE-588)4047497-5 s Flucht Motiv (DE-588)4154675-1 s Vertreibung Motiv (DE-588)4121869-3 s 1\p DE-604 Erscheint auch als Druckausgabe 978-1-57113-535-3 http://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781571138996/type/BOOK Verlag URL des Erstveröffentlichers Volltext 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Niven, William John 1956- Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works Evidence and interpretation: flight and expulsion in GDR prose works -- GDR reconstruction literature of the 1950s and early 1960s and the figure of the refugee -- From novels set in the Nazi period to novels of revisiting the skeptical muse: reassessing integration -- Flight and expulsion in East German prose works after unification German prose literature / Germany (East) / History and criticism German prose literature / 20th century / History and criticism Emigration and immigration in literature Emigration and immigration in motion pictures Deportation in literature Refugees in literature Refugees in motion pictures Flucht Motiv (DE-588)4154675-1 gnd Vertreibung Motiv (DE-588)4121869-3 gnd Deutsch (DE-588)4113292-0 gnd Prosa (DE-588)4047497-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4154675-1 (DE-588)4121869-3 (DE-588)4113292-0 (DE-588)4047497-5 (DE-588)4011890-3 |
| title | Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works |
| title_alt | Representations of Flight & Expulsion in East German Prose Works |
| title_auth | Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works |
| title_exact_search | Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works |
| title_full | Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works Bill Niven |
| title_fullStr | Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works Bill Niven |
| title_full_unstemmed | Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works Bill Niven |
| title_short | Representations of flight and expulsion in East German prose works |
| title_sort | representations of flight and expulsion in east german prose works |
| topic | German prose literature / Germany (East) / History and criticism German prose literature / 20th century / History and criticism Emigration and immigration in literature Emigration and immigration in motion pictures Deportation in literature Refugees in literature Refugees in motion pictures Flucht Motiv (DE-588)4154675-1 gnd Vertreibung Motiv (DE-588)4121869-3 gnd Deutsch (DE-588)4113292-0 gnd Prosa (DE-588)4047497-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | German prose literature / Germany (East) / History and criticism German prose literature / 20th century / History and criticism Emigration and immigration in literature Emigration and immigration in motion pictures Deportation in literature Refugees in literature Refugees in motion pictures Flucht Motiv Vertreibung Motiv Deutsch Prosa Deutschland DDR |
| url | http://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781571138996/type/BOOK |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nivenwilliamjohn representationsofflightandexpulsionineastgermanproseworks AT nivenwilliamjohn representationsofflightexpulsionineastgermanproseworks |