Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė:
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Vilnius
Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas
2016
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| Schriftenreihe: | Lietuvos filosofijos istorija
12 knyga |
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TURINYS
PRATARMĖ. 7
I. ROUSSEAU KNYGA RESPUBLIKAI
Įvadas į Rousseau „Pastabas Lenkijos valdymui ir numatomai jo reformai“
Vygandas Aleksandravičius
1. Susitinka du „Nesusipratimai“. 12
1.1. Pirmasis „nesusipratimas“: Rousseau. 13
1.2. Antrasis „nesusipratimas“: Abiejų Tautų Respublika. 14
2. Detalesnis Rousseau ir ATR „susitikimo“ pristatymas. 13
2.1. Rousseau ir Vielhorskio takoskyros. 18
2.1.1. ATR luomų sampratos kritika. 18
2.1.2. Autentiškumas ir imitacija: Rousseau ir Voltaireas. 21
2.1.3. Seniūnijų privatizavimo programos kritika. 23
2.1.4. Dėl veto teisės . 24
2.2. Du alternatyvūs valstybės santvarkos modeliai. 25
2.2.1. Pirmojo modelio aktualumas, arba Odė tingumui . 26
3. Pamatinė skirtis: būtis sau ir būti kitiems. 28
4. Dviveidis J (e) anas: Rousseau ir Newtonas. 32
5. Posūkis į politinę plotmę. 33
6. Rousseau ir Hobbeso kontroversija: Teisė ar Jėga . 33
6.1. Platoniškos Hobbeso ir Rousseau kontroversijos ištakos. 36
6.2. Newtono Dievybė - tarp Platono ir Hobbeso. 37
6.3. Newtono Gravitacijos ir Rousseau Bendrosios valios analogija. 39
6.4. Šiuolaikinės probleminės Teisės ir Jėgos santykio konotacijos. 41
Jean-Jacąues Rousseau. „Pastabos Lenkijos valdymui ir numatomai jo reformai“
I SKYRIUS. Dabartinė padėtis . 43
II SKYRIUS. Senovės institucijų dvasia. 45
UI SKYRIUS. Pritaikymas. 48
IV SKYRIUS. Švietimas. 53
V SKYRIUS. Pagrindinė yda. 56
VI SKYRIUS. Apie tris luomus. 58
VII SKYRIUS. Konstitucijos įtvirtinimo priemonės. 60
VIII SKYRIUS. Apie Karalių. 69
IX SKYRIUS. Atskiros anarchijos priežastys . 73
X SKYRIUS. Administracija. 78
XI SKYRIUS. Ekonominė sistema. 80
XII SKYRIUS. Karinė sistema. 89
XIII SKYRIUS. Visų vykdomosios valdžios narių
laipsniškos karjeros tvarkos projektas. 95
XIV SKYRIUS. Karalių rinkimai. 101
XV SKYRIUS. Išvados. 107
(Vygandas Aleksandravičius)
Trys komentarai Rousseau yyPastabomsu
Dalius Viliūnas
1. Apie Apšvietos projektomaniją ir patarimus Respublikai. 114
2. LDK virtuvininko misija: kaip atsirado Rousseau „Pastabos“. 118
3. Sarmatiškojo respublikonizmo sugestijos Rousseau ir Baro konfederacijos dvasia . . 129
II. ROUSSEAU MOKINYS - Mauricijus Pranciškus Karpis (1749-1817)
Dalius Viliūnas
1. Mauricijus Pranciškus ir rusoistų giminė. 142
2. Nuo romanų iki Rousseau: kūrybinės biografijos eskizas. 150
Mauricijus Pranciškus Karpis. Epigrafas ROUSSEAU. 165
(Dalius Viliūnas)
III. PREROMANTINĖS FILOSOFIJOS ŽINGSNIAI LIETUVOJE
Dalius Viliūnas
Pratarmė. Apie „Sutemų amžiaus“ bajorų filosofiją. 168
1. Filosofas - bajorų tautos pasiuntinys. 174
2. Filosofas laisvamanis . 186
3. Filosofas palieka miestų. 200
4. Filosofas kaime. 215
5. Nacionalizmo filosofijos pradmenys. 228
Maricijus Pranciškus Karpis. Klausimas ir atsakymas. 255
Mauricijus Pranciškus Karpis. Kaimo filosofija . 267
Mauricijaus Pranciškaus Karpio, Žemaitijos Kunigaikštystės pasiuntinio,
Balsas Seimo sesijoje 1791 m. gegužės 12 dieną. 274
(Dalius Viliūnas)
Asmenvardžių rodyklė. 286
Summary . 292
ASMENVARDŽIŲ RODYKLĖ
A
Achremczyk, S. 129
Aleknavičius, Kajetonas 216
Aleksandravičius, Dominykas 18
Aleksandravičius, Vygandas 5, 12, 113,
293
Althusser, Leo 17
Augustinas, šv. 35
B
Bacon, Francis 32
Bareika, Juozapas 144
Barran, Th. 237
Bartkiewicz, H. 235
Baudeu, Nicolas 115
Beauvois, Daniel 118, 137
Bentham, Jeremy 23
Bentham, Samuel 23
Beresneviciùté-Nosàlovà, Halina 207
Bernadcki, L. 154, 165
Białiozor, M. 24
Bystrzonowski, Wojcech 116
Bobińska, Celina 203
Bodin, Jean 34
Bohušas, I. 121
Boyle, Robert 32
Bučys, A. 200
Butterwick, Richard
(žr. Pawlikowski-Butterwick, R) 42,
74, 142, 187
Butvilaitė, Rasa 21
Bžostovskis P. K. 21, 144, 222
C
Cezaris 92
Choiseul, Etienne François 120
Chreptavičius, Liutauras 234
Ciceronas, M. T. 145,210,212-218,
221, 267
Cisek, A. M. 120
Cynarski, S. 129
Clarke, Samuel 40
Crell, J. 194
Č
Čartoryska, Izabelė 206, 215, 234, 235,
272
Čartoryskiai 126, 131, 206
Čartoryskis, A. J. 235
Čartoryskis, A. K. 127
D
D^Alembert, J. le Rond 126, 168
Daubenton 221
Daugirdaitė-Sruogienė, Vanda 135,148
Daukantas, Simonas 168,198, 200,
216, 224, 229, 233
Davies, Norman 119,175
Deleuze, Gilles 110
Derrida, Jacques 27,37
Descartes, René 29,31-33,35
Dębiński, Jan z Dębiona 116
Diderot, Denis 171,195
Dolinskas, Vydas 248
Dombay 222
287
Donelaitis, Kristijonas 188» 200, 206,
231
Duchesnu 22
Dumčius, Jonas 36
Dumouriez, Ch. F. 121,124, 125
E
Eperono kunigaikštis 53
Euripidas 47
F
Fabre»J. 113
Fenėlon, F. 152, 153, 163, 205, 212,
238
Feuchtwanger, L. 127
Fontanėli 144
Forbonnais 88
Forsteris, G. A. 142
Foucault, Michel 23
Frenckhard 221
Freudenthal, Gideon 31, 40
Frydrichas II 16,115
G
Gaidenko, P. 38
Gandhi, M. 28
Garczyński, St. 116
Giedraitis, A. 224, 217, 229
Gineitis, Leonas 208,216,232,233
Girdzijauskas, J. 232
Glemža, Liudas 202, 203
Glendon, Mary Ann 79
Głowacki,J. J. 121-123,125-127
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang W* 143
Golianskis, F. N. 232
Gordon, Michael, W. 79
Grabski, A. F. 250
Gràcian, Baltasar 144
Griard,J. 114
Grimm, Melchior von 123, 124, 168
Grześkowiak-Krwawicz, Anna 136
Guzevičiūtė, Ruta 234, 235
H
Halley, Edmond 14
Hazard, Paul 186
Heidegger, Martin 215
Herder, Johann Gottfried G. 249
Hobbes, Th. 9, 31, 32, 34-38,41, 181
Homeras 51, 124
Huber, Steffen 115
Huygens, Ch. 37, 38
Hume, David 36, 37
J
Janeczek, S. 186
Janiak, Andrew 38
Janonienė, Rūta 249
Jasienica, P. 223
Jasinskis, Jokūbas 187
Jasiukowa, J. St. 252
Jazerski, Franciszek Salery S. 203
Jeanad’Arc 72
Jekaterina, II 21, 23, 26, 81, 115
Jeszowski, S. 123
Jokūbaitis, Alvydas 250
Jucevičius, Feliksas 168, 169, 173, 226
Jucevičius, L. A. 158
Jurgaitis, R. 9, 244
K
Kalinskis, G. 222
Kant, Immanuel 7, 29, 30, 39» 41, 88,
142,230
Karamzinas, Nikolajus 237, 240
Kardelis, Naglis 10, 35
Karolis I 277
Karolis VII 72
Karpavičius, Mykolas Pranciškus 169,
187, 233
Karpiński, Franciszek 208-213,216
Karpis, Benediktas 148, 149, 157, 186,
224, 228
Karpis, Eustachijus 189, 225
Karpis, Felicijonas 6-8, 145, 148, 149,
192, 193, 210, 216-218, 220-223,
225, 249,253
Karpis, Ignotas (brolėnas) 148, 157,
225, 226
Karpis, Ignotas (brolis) 145
Karpis, Mauricijus Pranciškus
(Karp Maurycy Franciszek) 6, 8,
49, 117, 138, 141-146, 166, 170,
173-218, 224, 226, 228, 230-232,
240-255, 257-274
Karpowicz, Mariusz 129
Katilius, Viktoras 127
Katulas 213
Kavolis, Vytautas 231—233,245
Kądziela, Łukasz 171,251
Keršytė, Nijolė 27
Kiaupa, Zigmantas 75, 134, 168, 263
Kiaupienė, Jūratė 134
Kieniewicz, St. 223
Klementas, Antanas 216, 218
Kluk, K. 223
Kochanowski, Jan 266
Kniaznin, Franciszek Dionizy 234
Kojalavičius-Vijūkas, Albertas 200
Konarski, St. 75
Konarskis, Simonas 116,117,137,143,
144, 169, 176, 180
Kosakovskis, Simonas 245, 248
Kosciuška, Tadas 48,49, 128, 138, 139,
148,155,157, 160, 161, 187, 207,
233, 235, 244, 245, 248, 250, 251,
296
Kostkiewiczowa, Teresa 129,233
Krasicki, Ignacy 150-152,154,163,
175
Kubilius, Vytautas 198
Kulakauskas, Antanas 183, 188
Kuncevičius, Albinas 134
Kuolys, Darius 4, 10, 18, 20, 24,75,
118, 135,136,191,228, 241
L
Landsbergis, Vytautas 27
Lebrun 243
Leibniz, G. 37, 38,114, 144
Lelevelis, Joachimas 119,229
Lenglep du Fresnoy, L. P, 224
Leszczyński, Stanisław 115,116
Likurgas 46, 121, 184
Lyttelton, A. 144
Locke, John 9, 37, 143, 153
Lotmanas, Jurij 22
Lukoševičiūtė, E. 146
Łukowski, Jerzy 24,75, 180
Lukšienė, Meilė 122
M
Mably, G. Bonnot de 121-123,
125-127, 134
Maceina, Antanas 192
Machiavelli, N. 34, 117, 143, 180
Maksimowicz, K. 234, 235, 253
Malebranche, N, 33, 160,189,193,
195
Marija Tereza 16
Marius, Gajus 92
289
Markiewicz, M. 206
Marks, Jonathan 34
Marmontel, Jean-François 168
Marsilijus Paduvietis 34
Martinaitienė, D. 146
Masalskis, Ignotas 128, 143, 204, 251
Medekša, Teodoras 138,140, 241
Michalski, J. 124, 126, 130-133,135,
176, 231,
Mickevičius, Adomas 135,136,148,
226
Mikšytė, Regina 218
Milosz, Czeslaw 142
Milton, John 252
Mirabeau Victor de Riqueti (Marquis
de Mirabeau) 160, 231
Modrzewski, Andrzej Frycz 18, 114,
115, 197
Molière 220
Montesquieu, Ch. L. 87, 100, 143, 153,
186, 238
Moscicki, H. 243
Mozė 46
Mugueron 221
N
Nagurskis, Jonas 147,149,137,253
Nagurskis, Kajetonas 8, 155, 157, 224,
226, 254
Naigeon, J.-A. 153,193-197,199, 294
Napoleonas 49, 161,194, 196, 207,
213
Narbutas, Sigitas 218
Naruševičius, Adomas 173, 234
Newton, Isaac 5, 7, 9,12, 13,15, 19,
29- 33, 37, 38-40, 288
Niemcevičius, J. U. 176,234
Nietzsche, Friedrich 35
Nosov, B. V. 75
Numa 46, 47
O
Ochmański, Jerzy 235
Oginskis, Mykolas Kazimieras 207
Oginskis, Mykolas Kleopas 207
Olszewicz, W. 127,154,165
Osakwe, Christopher 79
Ovidijus 253, 255
P
Pabrėža, Jurgis 216
Pacevičius, Arvydas 142,146
Parmentier 221
Pawlikowski-Butterwick, Richard 9,42,
74, 142,187
Petras I 21,51,238
Pilkauskas, Dovydas 232
Pivoras, S. 246
Pyras 25,81
Platonas 5, 9,29, 35-37,114, 165,171,
172, 208, 243
Poniatowski, August Stanisław
(karalius) 75,110,115, 131, 134,
144,145,250
Poniatowski, Stanisław (LDK
paiždininkis) 142, 230
Poniatovskis, Juozapas 252, 253, 254
Pope, Alexander 13
Potiomkinas 23,249
Potocki, J. W. 234
Potocki, S. F. 127
Potocki, St. K. 176
Potockis, Ignotas 180, 182, 203
Pranciškus, šv. 84
Puškinas, Aleksandras 240
R
Radiščevas, A. N. (Радищев A. H ) 219
Raeff, M. 246
Ragauskas, Aivaras 157
Raila, Eligijus 128,250,251
Raynal, Guillaume-TTiomas 225
Repninas, Nikolajus 74, 276
Riley, Patrick 24,33
Rivière Le, Mecier de la 115
Robespierre, M. 20
R°gger H. 236
Romulas 47
Rostworowski, E. 24, 137, 138, 143,
145, 153, 155, 158, 160, 176, 231
Rostworowski, F. 121
Roszak, S. 129
Rousseau, J.'J. ubique
Rubikas 30
Rulhiére, Claude Caloman de 121
Russell, Bertrand 39, 40
Rzewuski, S. 129
Rzewuski, W. 74
S
Saint-Pierre’as, abatas 62, 87
Saliustijus 213,215
Sapiega, Kazimieras Nestoras 252
Scott, H. M. 75
Servieres, de 221
Siarczyński, Fr. 243
Sirutytė-Lastienė, Petronėlė 254
Sinko, Zofia 144,233* 252
Skarga, Petras 197
Skrzypek, Marian 116,171,187
Skūpas, Laurynas Algimantas 14,173,
241
Slovackis, E. 232
Smoleński, W. 129,183
Sniadeckis, J. 186,208
Sofoklis 47
Sokratas 36, 165
Speičytė, Brigita 216, 224, 225, 232,
249
Spinoza, B. 30, 160
Sruoga, Balys 168, 226
Stančienė, Dalia Marija 34, 192
Stanevičius, Simonas 158,208,209,
229
Stasiak, A. M. 117, 132, 136, 137
Stasiewicz-Jasiukowa, I. 252
Staszewski, J. 174
Stelmack 221
Strauss, Leo 7, 34,40
Strazdas, Antanas 216,232
Stroinovskis, Jeronimas 8, 53, 203, 205,
208, 222
Stroynowski, Andrzej 174,206
Subačius, Giedrius 224
Suchodolski, Wojciech 176
Šulijos kunigaikštis 53
Szczygielski, Wojciech 138, 174
Š
Šapoka, A. 9, 170
Šliogeris, Arvydas 32, 35,169, 200,
201,215
Šmigelskytė-Stukienė, Ramunė 9, 75,
129, 149, 187,244
T
Tacitas 283
Tarnowska, Urszula z Ustrzyckich 235
Tazbir, Janusz 194,229
Teofrastas 217
Thoreau, H. 215
Tiberijus 159, 267, 274, 283
291
Tyzenhauzas, A. 21,122, 208
Tocquevill, A, 42
Tomasevskis, Augustinas 195
Trasimachas 36
Trousson, R. 123
Trumpa, Vincas 149, 245, 246
Tunaitis, Stepas 166, 177
U
Unrug, Zygmunt 116
Uspenskii, B. A. 22
V
Vaitkevičiūtė, Viktorija 161
Vaitkūnas, Gytis 144
Vaivada, Vacys 142, 146
Valiūnas, Silvestras 216, 218
Valiuševičius, Tomas 149, 224
Valkūnas, Leonas 200
Valua, Henrikas 19, 61
Vattel 144
Vauban, de; marquis de Vauban 88
Vergilijus 216
Vernei, Antonio Aloisio 143
Vernet,J. 144
Vielhorskis, Jerzy 48
Vielhorskis, Jozef 49
Vielhorskis, Mykolas (Wielhorski
Michal) 5, 16-18, 20, 21, 23,43,48,
50,69, 90,110, 113,114,118-128,
130-133,135, 137,158,173
Viglieno, L. 237
Viliūnas, Dalius 10, 14,17, 35, 114,
169,173, 187,193, 205, 222, 254,
267, 273, 285
Viliūnienė, Liuda 254
Voltaire 9, 13,21,22,26, 81, 84, 115,
124, 142,143,168, 171,172, 191,
201, 237, 265
W
Walicki, Andrzej 119,168, 240, 247,
248
Werret, Simon 22, 23
Wilkesas, Johnas 67
Williams, David Lay 34
Wortman, R. S. 22
Z
Zabulis, Henrikas 133, 213
Zalta, Edward N. 38
Załuski, Jozef A. 74
Ziętarska,J. 152
Z
Žiemelis, Darius 162
Živovas, Viktoras (Живов, В.) 237
SUMMARY
This book continues series of researches entitled “The History of Lithuanian Phi-
losophy. Monuments and Researches”, and performed by the Department of the
History of Lithuanian Philosophy at the Lithuanian Culture Research Institute
since 1990. It is devoted to the work of Jean-Jacques Rousseau Considerations
sur le Gouvernement de Pologne (The Considerations on the Government of
Poland and on its proposed reformation, 1782) and the reception of Rousseau’s
philosophy in Grand Duchy of Lithuania until 1794. It contains the translation
of this work into Lithuanian (from French by Vygandas Aleksandravičius) and
translations of several texts of the most prominent follower of Rousseau in Lith-
uania Mauricijus Pranciškus Karpis (Maurycy Franciszek Karp, 1749-1817).
They include an Epigraph for Rousseau, the Speech in Great Sejm of 1791, the
fragments of the philosophical Essay and publicist work Pytanie i odpowiedz
(The Question and Answer) - and are translated from Polish to Lithuanian by
Dalius Viliūnas.
The main subject of the translations and related research work hence lays in the
sphere of Political philosophy. This theme is new in the field of Historiography
of Lithuanian Philosophy and Lithuanian Political History.
The book consists of three parts: 1) “The Book of Rousseau for the Republic”;
2) The student of Rousseau ֊ Mauricijus Pranciškus Karpis; 3) The advance of
Pre-Romanticism in Lithuania.
The first part is a broad historical and philosophical introduction as well as com-
mentary on the above-mentioned work of Rousseau devoted to the reform of
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Vygandas Aleksandravičius distinguishes the extraordinary position of Rousseau
and the Commonwealth of Two Nations in their respective intellectual and
geo-political contexts, and the unique opportunities which had been opened
for them both in their “meeting”. The chance of the Commonwealth to survive
amidst the despotic regimes of Enlightened absolutism is also the chance of the
direct democratic development essential to the political philosophy of Rousseau
against the Hobbesian and Lockean alternatives, with their negative concept of
freedom, in fact supporting the despotism at the end of the day. The thought
of Rousseau is interpreted in the context of the fundamental philosophical
opposition between Power and Law, Violence and Justice. The repetition of this
Platonic opposition is firstly reconstructed on its ontological grounds in the
context of the metaphysical and epistemological differences between Descartes
and Newton. Differences in their concepts of space, motion and force contribute
to the relevant differences in the worldview with its moral and political conse-
quences. Thomas Hobbes is taken as representative of the Cartesian side, while
Rousseau is considered as building up his position on the broadly understood
Newtonian paradigm. Avoiding direct transposition of physical principals to the
politics, Rousseau employs the model of Newtonian thinking in a tacit manner.
Leaving behind the determinism, mechanicism and materialism of the Enlight-
enment as the modes of “un-authentic being”, Rousseau creates the alternative
Enlightenment, attempts to disclose the elemental sphere of “Authentic being”.
The vision of this authentic being (encompassing also the ideal of education of
national identity) is also a background for the interpretation of this work - Con-
siderations for Poland- designed for the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
Refusing to follow the lines in Polish historiography treating this work only as
utopian, the interpretation here reveals both the providential and actual value
of the work. The geopolitical and socio-cultural actualities of the XXIst century
allows us to treat this work as a deep philosophical book which retains its actu-
ality, demands careful reading, provokes creative understanding and productive
thinking.
Dalius Viliūnas follows Polish historians in presenting the general background of
the work, its historical landscape (The Confederation of Bar), yet also introduces
the elements of Lithuanian studies, which allow to suggest a new interpretation
of the socio-cultural situation of the seventh and eighth decades of the XVIIIth
century. Firstly, these are the facts of integration between different social es-
tates, the start of usage of Lithuanian language in the civil, patriotically colored
contexts. Philosophy of Rousseau apparently contributed to the processes of
emancipation of the middle-ranked nobility and disappearance of the feudal
clientele system. It has definitely contributed to the emergence of the ideology
of “Independence”.
The Second part of this work investigates the life and works of Mauricijus
Pranciškus Karpis, the main representative of Rousseauism in Grand Duchy
of Lithuania (GDL), and determines series of facts which are important for
the evaluation of the impact of Rousseau. To mention the few relevant to this
impact: the Rousseauism was spread through the translations of French novels
(written by the epigones of Rousseau); the reception of Rousseau extended to the
middle ranked nobility (not only enlightened elite, moguls), it also provided the
traditional ideology of nobles (Sarmatism) with the content of modern democ-
racy and philosophically grounded Republicanism. The middle ranked nobility
֊ especially Mauricijus Pranciskus Karpis - had a support of broader ranks of
nobility. It has been determined that the family of Karpis (at least four of them)
had formed a group united by the philosophy of Rousseau. Thus we may talk
about the center of the distribution of the philosophy of Rousseau in Lithuania.
The third part analyzes the Republicanism of Karpis - his political philosophy,
which emphasizes the role of the Legislative power. The latter is understood in
rousseauvian manner as a direct expression of the General will. The separate
chapter considers the religious beliefs of Karpis. He held deistic views analogous
to those of Rousseau. Nevertheless, he also translated the radical atheistic works
of Jacques Naigeon and demonstrated his dependence to the underground cur-
rent in the Commonwealth of Two Nations which proclaimed radically indi-
vidualistic and libertine concept of personality. Two chapters are devoted for the
rustical approach- the aspect of sentimentalist worldview inspired by Rousseau.
The rustical approach expresses itself through misopoly - the hate of the cities -
and an attempt to return to the country (to the “Authentic being”). With the
use of the archive documents the hypothesis is raised that family of Karps were
elaborating a program of building the economy which was alternative to the
dominant physiocratism and represented a kind of anticapitalist utopia.
The final chapter “The Beginnings of the Philosophy of Nationalism” raises the
hypothesis that the early nationalism in GDL was formed in the milieu of the
republicanism of the middle rank nobility, and was strongly affected by the sen-
timentalism and philosophy of Rousseau. This nationalism was no longer only
a legal-state nationalism, but substantially a moral - cultural nationalism im-
plying the legal-statist one (and not vice versa). We may say that M. P. Karpis
foresees the winding up of the tradition of the noble democracy of few previ-
ous centuries (he treats the birth, nobility as “chimeric”) and the passage of the
legislative power to the nation, to the people. He treats the people as a society
without estates, which has the peasant virtues as its moral and existential ground.
The ideals of Republicanism - freedom, equality, the rule of law, and the val-
ues matching the Ancient virtues of economy, virility, courage, and endurance
formed the content of the early nationalism. Altogether they determined the
295
concept of the general will of the nation. It was a “naked” nationalism, not
yet covered with the “ethnocentrical values”. It was grounded in the basic posi-
tive sentiments towards the native land, the concepts of internal and external
independence, the concept of legislative freedom. One of the major conceptual
innovations suggested by both researchers of the book — the distinction of the
Other - markedly Rousseauistic - Enlightenment: not rationalistic, but appeal-
ing to the sentiment, not monarchist, but republican and democratic, not deter-
ministic, but cherishing freedom, notprogressivist, but skeptical, self-critical and
historical Enlightenment. The hypothesis of its importance for the development
of modern nationalism is developed throughout the book.
Bayerische
Staatsbibliothek
München |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Viliūnas, Dalius 1968- Aleksandravičius, Vygandas |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1328901726 |
| author_facet | Viliūnas, Dalius 1968- Aleksandravičius, Vygandas |
| author_role | aut aut |
| author_sort | Viliūnas, Dalius 1968- |
| author_variant | d v dv v a va |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043860490 |
| contents | Englische Zusammenfassung |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1011519248 (DE-599)BVBBV043860490 |
| era | Geschichte gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte |
| format | Book |
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| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Litauen |
| id | DE-604.BV043860490 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-07T13:13:26Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789955868835 |
| language | Lithuanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029270605 |
| oclc_num | 1011519248 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 295 Seiten Porträts, Faksimiles |
| publishDate | 2016 |
| publishDateSearch | 2016 |
| publishDateSort | 2016 |
| publisher | Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Lietuvos filosofijos istorija |
| series2 | Lietuvos filosofijos istorija |
| spelling | Viliūnas, Dalius 1968- Verfasser (DE-588)1328901726 aut Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Darius Viliūnas, Vygandas Aleksandravičius Vilnius Lietuvos kultūros tyrimų institutas 2016 295 Seiten Porträts, Faksimiles txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Lietuvos filosofijos istorija 12 knyga Englische Zusammenfassung Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 1712-1778 Considérations sur le gouvernement de Pologne (DE-588)4682725-0 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 gnd rswk-swf Politische Philosophie (DE-588)4076226-9 gnd rswk-swf Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 1712-1778 Considérations sur le gouvernement de Pologne (DE-588)4682725-0 u Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 s Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 g Politische Philosophie (DE-588)4076226-9 s Geschichte z DE-604 Aleksandravičius, Vygandas Verfasser aut Lietuvos filosofijos istorija 12 knyga (DE-604)BV043860411 12 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 24 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029270605&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 24 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029270605&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Personenregister Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 24 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029270605&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Viliūnas, Dalius 1968- Aleksandravičius, Vygandas Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Lietuvos filosofijos istorija Englische Zusammenfassung Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 1712-1778 Considérations sur le gouvernement de Pologne (DE-588)4682725-0 gnd Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 gnd Politische Philosophie (DE-588)4076226-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4682725-0 (DE-588)4049716-1 (DE-588)4076226-9 (DE-588)4074266-0 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė |
| title_auth | Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė |
| title_exact_search | Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė |
| title_full | Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Darius Viliūnas, Vygandas Aleksandravičius |
| title_fullStr | Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Darius Viliūnas, Vygandas Aleksandravičius |
| title_full_unstemmed | Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė Darius Viliūnas, Vygandas Aleksandravičius |
| title_short | Jeanas Jacques'as Rousseau ir Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė |
| title_sort | jeanas jacques as rousseau ir lietuvos didzioji kunigaikstyste |
| topic | Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 1712-1778 Considérations sur le gouvernement de Pologne (DE-588)4682725-0 gnd Rezeption (DE-588)4049716-1 gnd Politische Philosophie (DE-588)4076226-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Rousseau, Jean-Jacques 1712-1778 Considérations sur le gouvernement de Pologne Rezeption Politische Philosophie Litauen Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029270605&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029270605&sequence=000002&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029270605&sequence=000003&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV043860411 |
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