Authoritarian modernization in Russia: ideas, institutions, and politics
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London ; New York
Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group
2017
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Studies in contemporary Russia
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Beschreibung: | viii, 214 Seiten Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9781472465412 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
List of figures ix
List of tables x
List of contributors xi
Acknowledgments xii
1 Introduction: why not authoritarian modernization in Russia? 1
VLADIMIR GEL’MAN
2 Fathers versus sons: generation changes and the ideational
agenda of reforms in late-twentieth-century Russia 22
VLADIMIR GEL’MAN AND DMITRY TRAVIN
3 The dilemma of the perception of the strong state in Russia
and the demand for modernization 39
MARKKU KANGASPURO
4 Framing modernization in Russian newspapers:
words, not deeds 55
JUKKA PIETILÀINEN
5 Authoritarianism and institutional decay in Russia:
disruption of property rights and the rule of law 73
ANDREY ZAOSTROVTSEV
6 The Russian People’s Front and hybrid governance dilemma 95
JUSSI LASSILA
7 Social network sites and political governance in Russia 113
MARKKU LONKILA
viii Contents
8 Russia’s post-neoliberal development strategy and high-
technology considerations 128
ANNA LOWRY
9 How does the government implement unpopular reforms?
evidence from education policy in Russia 148
ANDREY STARODUBTSEV
10 Choosing between bureaucracy and the reformers: the
Russian pension reform of 2001 as a compromise squared 166
ANNA A. DEKALCHUK
11 Labor reform in Putin’s Russia: could modernization be
democratic? 183
IVAN S. GRIGORIEV
Index 201
Index
Figures and tables are indicated by page numbers in italics.
accountability7, government 150
accumulative pension system 15, 169,
170-1, 172, 174
activism: anti-corruption 103, 105; high-
risk 122; Internet 121—2; legal action
against 116; offline 123; opposition
100—1; political 118, 119; public 14
aerospace industries 131, 133, 136, 137,
143, 144
Aesopian language 29
Afghanistan 77
agents 43, 81, 86, 177, 178
agriculture 161-2
Alexander II 41
alienation 45, 52
All-Russian Confederation of Labor
Unions ( Vserossiyskaya konfederatsiya
profsoyuzov) 193
All-Russia People’s Front 100; see also
ONF (Obshcherossiiskii narodnyi front)
Almaz-Antey Concern 133
American History X{film) 122
anarchy 50
Anduiza, Eva 120-1
anti-corruption 97, 103-5, 107n2, 107nl0
anti-Hitler coalition 46
anti-inflation policy 33
anti-reformists 161
anti-Stalinist liberals 47
anti-Westernism 16, 53, 102
applications, social media 114, 115-16,
117-18
Arab Spring 113
armaments industries 131, 133
Asmo lov, Aleksandr 155
assets: industrial 8, 14; investment in fixed
131; loss of 88; management companies
177; redistribution of 80, 90—ln!6
Atomenergoprom 137—8
atomic energy 141
Audit Chamber of the Russian Federation
161-2
authoritarianism: competitive 96; in
education policies 163; electoral 6, 149;
hegemonic electoral 96; reforms under
183—4, 196n2; Russian road to 73—7;
stable 96; and the Ukrainian crisis 102
authoritarianism and institutional decay
73-94; background 73; consequences of
87—9; property rights under 77—81; road
to 73—7; and rule of law 81—7
authoritarian modernization in Russia
1-21; background 1-2; dilemmas,
challenges, and constraints of 9—12;
history of 2—9; policy changes recipe for
149; under Putin 62, 183; relevance of
12-15; results of 15-19; under Stalin 62
autochthonous Russian modernization
56, 71
autocracy 1, 4, 77, 84, 90nn9—10, 183—4
autocrats 149, 166, 167
autonomy, state 150
Auzan, Aleksandr 63
Avaliani, Teimuraz 189, 191
Azerbaijan 73, 80, 81
backwardness, economic 58
Baltic countries 49
banking sector 87
Barchuk, Vasiliy 171, 173
Barro, Robert 89
Bashneft oil company 80
“bear traps” for post-Soviet
modernization 6
behemoths, national 137
Belarus 53, 73, 83, 84
202 Index
Belkovsky, Stanislav 107n6
Belyanova, Elena 89
Bennett, W. Lance 121
Bessmertnyi polk (Immortal Regiment) 106
blogging 115
Bocharov, Andrei 95—6, 102, 105, 106
Bolivia 76
Bolotnaya Square protests 115
Bolsheviks 10, 40
bourgeoisie 41, 55, 62
Boyd, Danah 114
Bozhenov, Sergei 95, 105-6
Brechalov, Alexander 105
Brewer, Garry 154, 155
Brezhnev, Leonid 26—7, 31
bribes 152
Britain 61
browsing 122
Bryansk oblast 106
budgets 44, 87, 129, 133-4, 176, 189
bureaucracy: corrupt street-level 14;
cronyism of 173; inefficiency of 10;
old 170, 172, 174, 175, 177-8; pension
system and the 15; state 168; Weberian
quality of state 4
business: agenda 30; climate 77; control
of 86; criminalization of 88; cycles 4;
innovation in 139; newspapers for 59;
ratings 89; state pressure on 86; success
in 27
business incubators 140
buttons, Facebook 114
Can Russia Modernise? (Ledeneva) 89
Cantijoch, Marta 122
capital accumulation 30
capitalism 28, 34, 136
catching-up modernization
(dogonyayushchaya modernizatsiya)
56, 69
censorship 29, 116, 122, 124n3
Center for Strategic Research (CSR, Tsentr
strategicheskikh razrabotok) 151, 156,
157, 158, 168, 191
Central African Republic 77
Central and Eastern European (CEE)
democracies 186, 187, 190
Central Asia 73, 83
challenges to authoritarian modernization
9-12
Chelyabinsk oblast 106
Chernomyrdin, Viktor 169, 171, 179n8,
188, 196n4
Chernykh, Lucy 136—7
children 95, 104
China 5, 17, 60, 62, 106
Christensen, Henrik 122
Chubais, Anatoly 25, 155, 169, 170, 196n3
citizens: attitudes towards Stalin 47;
empowerment of 3; interaction with
102—3; material demands of 43—5, 51,
52; paternalism viewed by 13; policy
reforms and 10, 17; rights of 40; spying
on 113, 124nl; suffering of 46
clicktivism 120
Closed Nuclear Fuel Cycle with Fast
Neutron Reactors 139
coalitions 4—5; advocacy 171—2, 177; anti-
Hitler 46; dominant 76; old bureaucracy
177; policy 15, 18; pro-government 159,
191; status quo 156, 175; supporting
184—5, 190, 195; unionist 194; winning
7, 167, 173, 176
coercion 2, 7, 58, 79, 150
Cold War 6, 8, 63
collective action 14, 120—1
collective bargaining 186
coloured revolutions 123
Commission on Economic Reform 155
Committee on National Strategy 61
commodities 128
communication 99, 114, 119, 124
Communism 2, 6, 7, 10, 12, 27, 29
Communist Party: fraud allegations
101; Inogo ne Dano (No Other Way)
30; modernization of 62; nineteenth
conference of 30; opposition to school
reform 161; power of 28; twentieth
congress of 26, 28
Communists 29—30, 183
comparisons: of generations 34—6;
international 5—6, 14-15, 73, 124; in
newspapers 58, 63; of property7 rights
78, 80; of reforms 184, 185; of social
network sites 123
competition 28, 49, 88, 100, 135, 136
competitive authoritarian system 96
Competitiveness of Manufacturing
Industries survey 80
compromises: between liberals and
interventionists 128—9, 143; on
education 157; policy 10, 15, 17, 129,
149; of the reform process 167; by
seventiers 32—3; and the West 52; see
also pension reforms
Conception of the Organizational and
Economic Reform of the Russian
Education System 155
I
Index 203
Concept of the Long-Term Socio-
Economic Development of Russia
up to 2020 (Concept-2020) 134
concessions 48, 52, 105, 167
condom memes 121
conflicts: about oil 80; fathers and sons 13;
ideological 157; international 184, 185;
policy 171, 188; political 190; South
Ossetian 60-1; with the West 7, 8,
47, 79
conglomerates 136
connective action 120—1
consent of subjects 39
conservative modernization 56
consolidated authoritarian regimes 74
consolidation 14, 39, 133
Consortium is the National Research
Nuclear University MEPhI 141
Consortium of Supporting Universities 141
Constitution (of Russia) 23, 41, 161
Constitutional Democratic Party
(Kadets) 41
constraints: age 26; on authoritarian
modernization 9-12; democratic 97,
100; of education system 155; on
government power 83; institutional 150,
154; policy 162; political 17, 172
consumer goods and prices 8, 28
contracts, labor 186-7
control, state 121-3, 125nl5
Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion 139
controlling and monitoring 122
corruption 12, 14, 78, 129; conforming
to 103—5; control of 81; in education
system 152
costs: of corruption 105; of import
substitution policies 143; political 33
courts 61, 78, 87
Crimea 2, 6, 44, 51, 52
Crimean War 41
crimes, economic 86
crises: economic 22, 130, 144, 156, 172,
173, 183; election of 2011 99-101;
financial 61, 128, 189; step by step
solutions to 22; Ukrainian 43, 47, 49,
102; warning signs of 24
criticism of government 45, 69, 97,
136-7, 151
cronyism 173
CSR, Tsentr strategicheskikh razrabotok
(Center for Strategic Research) 151,
156, 157, 158, 168, 191
Cuba 62
cuckoo tactics 170, 179n4
culture of Russia 11
Customs Union 53
cyberspace control 116, 124n3
cynicism 27, 30, 31-2, 52
Czechoslovakia 28
data sources 58
deep modernization 61
defense sector 129, 137
deficits 187
Deibert, Ron 116
Dekalchuk, Anna A. 15
demands: ideational 16; material 39;
political 9; for the strong state 13, 43;
symbolic 42, 45
Demina, Natalia 80
democracy: definitions of 74—5;
development of 49; and economic
freedoms rankings 77, 90nl2;
government reform under 184;
importance of 51, 76, 90n7; internal
party 28; managed 75; order and 51;
popular 105; post-Communist 167; risks
to authoritarian regimes 97; scores 73,
74, 89n2; seventiers ideas of 32; thick
74, 76; Western 53
Democracy Index (Economist Intelligence
Unit) 74-6
democratization 4, 5, 22, 23-7, 33, 113
demonstrations, street 118
Denin, Nikolay 106
Denmark 61
depolitization 195
derzhavniki (statist) orientation 47, 50
de-Stalinization 48
developing countries 142
development: economic 8, 10; of high-
technology industries 129; sequencing
5; socially oriented 134-5; strategy
132-4
Development Bank (VEB) 134
“Development of the Nuclear Industry of
Russia in 2007-2010 and up to 2015”
program 137
“Development of the Nuclear Power and
Industry Complex” (Gosudarstvennaya
Programma, 2014) 138
Diamond, Lany 53n2, 96
dictatorship 75, 149, 166
Diksin, Iosif 61
dilemma of simultaneity 22
dilemmas 9-12
dimensions of the strong state 41—3
discursive hegemony 107
204 Index
discursive institutionalism 99—101
disequilibrium, political 9—10
disillusionments 11
dissatisfaction 45, 105, 118, 129
distrust 47, 52
diversification 135, 143
Dmitriev, Mikhail 155—6, 170—2, 174—5,
179n8, 187-8, 191-3, 196n5
Dmitrieva, Oksana 188—9, 196n5
Doctrine of National Education 156—7
Doing Business rating (World Bank) 89
Dugin, Aleksandr 61
Duma 15, 51-2, 75, 155-6, 189,
190-1, 196n6
Durov, Pavel 117, 118
EADS 143
Eastern Europe 22, 28, 48, 73, 83, 186
Eastview Information Services 59
economic crisis 22, 130, 144, 156, 172,
173, 183
economies of scale 136, 137, 144
Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU):
Democracy Index 74—6
economy: crisis in the 24; Medvedev
criticism of 58; self-centered 144
Edinstvo (Unity) party 173—4, 190—1
educational vouchers (GIFO,
Gossudarstvennye imennyie finansovyie
obyazateFstva) 148, 152, 153, 163
education reforms 14—15, 148—65, 179n5;
background 148—9; budgeting for 44;
funding for 155-6, 161; measures,
problems and results 151—4; policy
cycle of 154—62; unpopular 149—51
efficiency, government 149—50
EGE, Edinyi gossudarstvennyi ekzamen
(Unified State Exam) 14—15, 148, 152,
153-4, 161-2
EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit):
Democracy Index 74—6
elderly, protests by 98
elections 149; competitive under
Gorbachev 24; crisis in 2011 99—101;
dissatisfaction with results 118; Duma
22, 23,95, 98; fraud in 101, 117-18,
124, 125n 12; presidential 190—1; and
revolutions 123
electoral authoritarian regimes 9, 22—3,
39, 43
elites 7; ambitions of 11; corruption of
104; dissatisfaction of 129; generational
changes 26; improvement in quality
of 49; policy reforms and 5; Russian
political 168
Ellison, Nicole 114
embedded autonomy 4
emigration 88
emperor 41
employers, charges against 86
“end of history” (Fukuyama) 73
entrepreneurs 58, 88
Eranti, Veikko 114, 119, 120
estimation in policy process 154, 156—7
Estonia 79, 80, 82, 84
Euro-Communism 28
European Union 22, 52, 53, 73, 89nl
evaluation in policy process 154
Evroset 90—lnl6
Evtushenkov, Evgeny 80
exams 153, 154
exchange rates 129
Expert RA rating agency 139
exports 58, 128, 131, 135
expropriation 78
external threats 40
extractive political institutions 18
extremist materials 121
Facebook 14, 113, 115, 117, 124; buttons
119-20; censorship 116,124n3;
functionalities 116—17; political
importance of 118; VKontakte vs*.
116-17
Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research
(FAIR) 141
families 31, 46, 61, 95, 116, 168
Fatherland-All Russia (OVR) party 190
favoritism 84
Federal Agency on Atomic Energy 137
Federal Security Service 118
Federation of Independent Trade Unions
of Russia (FNPR, Federatsiya
nezavisimykh profsoyuzov Rossii)
191, 193
Fedorov, Valery 61
Fedotov, Konstantin 189
FFP (Fund for Peace) 76
15M movement 120—1
fifth column 47
fighters of the Leninist guard 28
Filippov, Vladimir 157
financial system 143
financing 140
first policy window 168—72
flawed democracies 77
flexicurity 187
Fond rabochei akademii (Labor Academy
Fund) 189
Football World Cup 44
Index 205
foreign agents, law on 116
foreign capital 128
foreign markets 138
For Fair Purchases (Za chestnye
zakupki) 103
For Putin! (Za Putina/) movement 107n6
Fragile State Index (FSI) 76
fragility ranking 76, 90n4
France 60
fraud, electoral 101, 117-18, 124, 125nl2
freedom, economic 89
Freedom House 74; Nations in Transit 73, 84
free market 128
Fukuyama, Francis: “end of history” 73
fundamental human rights 83
Fund for Peace (FFP) 76
Fund of the Director General of
Rosatom 140
fusion technology 141
Gaidar, Yegor 23, 24, 25, 32—3
Gaidar’s team 25, 32
gas centrifuges 137
gazeta.ru (Internet site) 57
GCR (Global Competitiveness Reports)
79, 80
GDP 80, 88, 91nnl7-18
Geddes, Barbara 10, 18, 167
Gel’man, Vladimir 13, 167
generational changes 13, 26, 34—6
Generation IV reactor systems 141
geopolitical goals 8
Georgia, war in 62
Gerodimos, Roman 119-20
GIFO, educational vouchers
(Gossudarstvennye imennyie ftnansovyie
obyazateVstva) 148, 152, 153, 163
Gladwell, Malcolm 122
glasnost 23-4, 25, 71
Glazyev, Sergey 143
Global Competitiveness Reports (GCR)
79, 80
globalization, financial 128
global oligopolistic competition 136
Golov, Anatoly 189, 191
GONG Os (government-organized
nongovernmental organizations) 16, 106
Gorbachev, Mikhail 2, 32, 71; and
competitive elections 24; failed attempt
to reform Soviet system 10; and glasnost
23—4, 25; perestroika 13, 71; reforms 3,
6; rivalry with Yeltsin 25-6; on trust of
Lenin 28
“Go Russia” ( VperedRossiya!):
Medvedev 57—8
Gossudarstvennye imennyie ftnansovyie
obyazatel ’stva (GIFO, educational
vouchers) 148, 152, 153, 163
Gosudarstvennaya Programma, 2014
“Development of the Nuclear Power and
Industry Complex” 138
gosudarstvennichestvo (statism) 41
governance: neopatrimonial 12; political
14; quality of 2; see also ONF
(Obshcherossiiskii narodnyifironty
social network sites and political
governance
government: criticism of 97; development
programs 134; dissatisfaction with
performance of 45; intervention by 128,
133, 135-7; investments 133-4; loyalty
to 45; and online political control 123;
policy objectives of 149; school funding
153; and social networks 117—18;
spending wastefulness of 84
government-organized nongovernmental
organizations (GONGOs) 16, 106
Govorukhin, Stanislav: TakZhit’Nel’zya
(We Can’t Live Like This) 30
Great Patriotic War 46, 47, 48
great power status 8
Great Reforms of Alexander II 41
Gref, German 168-9, 174, 175-6, 191-2
Gref Strategy 151, 152, 153, 156,
168-9; “Main Directions of the
Socio-Economic Policy of the Russian
Government for the Long-Term
Perspective” 191
Grigoriev, Ivan, S. 15, 189
Group of Eight, The 192, 193, 195
groups, public social network 118—19
growth, economic 1, 3-4; and demand for
political freedom 9; disillusionments
compensated by 11; free market and
128; rule of law related to 89
growth and development 2—3, 10
Guinea-Bissau 76
Hale, Henry 24, 97
half-freedom of speech 115
Halupka, Max 120
Hanson, Stephen 24
health care 43, 44, 161-2
Hedlund, Stefan 86
hegemonies 4—5, 9, 96-7, 98—9, 107, 167
Heritage Foundation 78, 79
high-technology 14, 58, 130-2;
background 128-30; developmental
strategies effect on 132—4; and
government intervention 135—7;
206 Index
innovation and 134—5; and nuclear
industry 137—41; post-neoliberalism
and 128—47; reforms impact on 130—2;
sanctions 141—3
hiring and firing practices 185—6, 187
history, state 45—9
housing 161—2
human development 4
Hungary 28, 89n2
hunger strikes 95—6, 106
Huntington, Samuel 9
hybrid governance dilemma 95—7
hybrid regimes 73, 77
hydrocarbon export prices 78
idealism 28
ideas 15—19, 24; autochthonous 56;
background 24—5; defined as shared
mental models 24—5; discourse and
99—101; frozen 26; neoliberal 131; of
politicians and parties 24; of seventiers
32; socialist 28
ideational agendas 22—38; of democratization
vs. market economy 23—7; and the
dilemma of simultaneity 22—3;
economic modernization and 34, 35—6;
of political leaders 5; post-Soviet 7;
of seventiers 31—3; of sixtiers 28—30,
35-6
identity: and identification 99; imperial
state 40; national and state 46; state
43, 53
ideologies see ideas
Ignatov, Oleg 101
illiteracy, struggle against 153
Immortal Regiment (Bessmertnyipolk) 106
imperial state identity 40
implementation in policy process 154,
157-61
Implementation Loan 169
import substitution policies 142—3
imprisonment 86
inclusive economic institutions 18
In Contact ( VKontakte) 113—14, 115,
116—17; vs. Facebook 116—17
India 60, 61, 142
indicators, economic 131
industrial breakthrough 130, 136
industrialization 129
industries 129; advancements in 8;
aerospace 131, 133, 136, 137, 143,
144; capital-intensive 136, 137; high
technology 133; modernization of 60—1
inefficiency 12, 173
inflation 174, 185
information 7, 118
innovation 44, 58, 132-3, 134—5,
140, 144
Innovatsionnaya Rossiya, 2010 (Strategy
of Innovative Development of the
Russian Federation for the Period up to
2020) 134
Inogo ne Dano (No Other Way):
Communist Party7 30
insiders 33
Institute for the Rule of Law at the
European University7 86
institution-building 12
institutions 15—19; decay of 14, 84—5;
democratic 51 —2; efficient 4; inclusive
3; performance of 11 —12, 51; political 9,
10; quality of 84; Western 13
insulation strategy 150—1
Integrum database 58
Intel 140
intellectual property7 rights (IPR) 81
intellectuals 25, 26, 29
intellectual services 135
interaction with citizens 102—3
interest groups 8, 148, 149, 155, 173, 183
interest rates 128
international finance 128, 144, 187
International Monetary7 Fund 87, 189
International Property Rights Index
(IPRI) 80
international relations 44, 49—50
Internet 14, 16, 99, 103; election opinions
and the 118; memes sharing 121;
regulation of 116; Russian-language
segment (Runet) 113 — 15
intervention 87, 128, 133, 135—7
interventionists 128—9, 143—4
invalid children 95
invention in policy process 154, 155—6
Investment Fund of the Russian
Federation 134
investments 14, 88, 128, 131, 133, 134
Iran 77
iron fist regime 32
Isaev, An drey 192, 193
ITER proj ect 141
Ivanov, Anatoliy 193
Ivan the Terrible 46
Izvestiya 59, 60—1, 69; Medvedev
interview in 47, 49
Japan 60
job creation 133
judicial independence 81, 83—4, 85
judiciary 78
Index 207
Jungle Book, The (Kipling) 121
Justinussen, Jákup 119—20
Kadets (Constitutional Democratic
Party) 41
Kangaspuro, Markku 13
Kapelyushnikov, Rostislav 80
Kazakhstan 53, 60, 73—5, 77-80, 82,
83-5, 167
Keynesian approach 28
Khlebnikov, Vladimir 162
Khrushchev, Nikita 47
Khrushchev Thaw 23, 26, 29
king’s dilemma 9-10
Kipling, Rudyard: Jungle Book, The 121
Kiriyenko, Sergei 138, 191
kitchen talks 29
Kliachko, Tatjana 155
knowledge evaluation 152
Kommersant (newspaper) 59, 60, 62, 69
Kommunisticheskaya Partly a Rossiyskoy
Federatsii {Pravda KPRF) 59, 61-2
Komsomolskaya pravda (KP) 59, 61
Kondakov, Aleksandr 155
Kordonsky, Simon 86
Korshunova, Tatiana 187
Kovalev, Oleg 196n8
Kremlin: and anti-corruption activism
103-5; control of top leaders in 97-8;
modernization and 8, 13; Orange
Revolution effect on 98-9; politics 43,
96; propaganda campaigns 16
Kudiukin, Pavel 187
Kudrin, Alexei 31, 142
Kuzminov, Yaroslav 155
KZoT, Kodeks zakonov o trude (Soviet
labor code of 1971) 185, 189
Labor Academy Fund (Fond rabochei
akademii) 189
Labor Code 15, 189, 191, 192, 195, 196n7
labor market liberalization 186
labor reforms 15, 179n5, 183—91;
background 183-5; 1997 to 1998
185-90, 196n3; policymaking 195-6;
2000 to 2001 190-4
labor unions 184, 185, 186, 189, 194
Lampinen, Airi 114, 189-90
language: Aesopian 29; Internet 113-14,
115—16; political 68; shared 40;
vernacular 56
Lapenkov, Sergey 106
Lassila, Jussi 14
Latin America 10, 32
law 11-12, 17-18, 51-2
layoff protection 186
Ledeneva, Alena: Can Russia
Modernise? 89
legal and political environment (LP) 81, 82
Lenin, Vladimir 28
Levada-Center (LC) 42, 43-4, 77, 86
Levitsky7, Steven 96
liberalization 22, 25
liberal orientation 50
liberals 43, 128, 143, 188, 190-4
Libya 90n6
Lietsala, Katri 114
Like buttons (Mne nravitsya) 114, 119, 120
limited access order (LAO) 75, 84
Lincoln, Abraham 11
Lipman, Maria 97
LiveJoumal (Zhivoi Zhurnal) 124n2
Live Journal blog 115
living conditions 31, 32, 44, 45
loans to Russia 169
lobbying 33, 129, 163, 191, 195
Long-Term Activity Program of
Rosatom 138
Lonkila, Markku 14, 114, 119, 120
Los Indignados 113
Lowry, Anna 14
LP (legal and political environment) 81
Lublin, Yuri 170, 171, 174, 175
macroeconomic: imbalances 128;
indicators 76, 78, 90n5; stabilization 142
mail.ru 117
“Main Directions of the Socio-Economic
Policy of the Russian Government for
the Long-Term Perspective” (Gref) 191
Maleva, Tatiana 178
manufacturing 128, 144
market: competition 89; economies 23-7,
28; mechanisms in social policy 151;
reforms 22—3, 32; share 135
Marxism 29
material interests: of elites and society7 7,
11; of seventiers 27; and the strong state
13, 39, 41—5, 51; of well-being and
national pride 16
Matvienko, Valentina 196n7
McAllister, Ian 118, 123
media: coverage shortcomings of 70;
image of modernization in the 13;
manipulation of 7; modernization
mentioned in 57; social 99; social and
traditional 114—15; strike report by
95—6; see also newspapers in Russia;
social network sites and political
governance
208 Index
mediocrity, challenge of 11
Medvedev, Dmitry: “Go Russia” (Vpered,
Rossiya/) 57—8; interview in Izvestiya
47, 49; media under 13; modernization
campaign 8, 11, 55, 56, 57, 61, 69-70;
on Stalin 47—8
Meeting for Honest Elections group 118
Mel’nikov, Ivan 156
memes 120-1
mental models 25, 26
middle class 41
Middle East monarchies 77, 90nl2
militarization 129
military 8, 40, 50, 60, 71
military-driven development 8
military-industrial complex 129
Ministry of Economic Development
174-5
Ministry of Economic Development
and Trade (MERT, Ministerstvo
economicheskogo razvitiya i torgovli)
87, 134, 168-9
Ministry of Education of the Russian
Federation 148, 154
Ministry of Health and Social
Development 178
Ministry of Industry and Trade 131
Ministry of Labor and Social
Protection 170
Miorelli, Romina 99
Mirani, Leo 122
Mishler, William 39
Mne nravitsva (Like buttons) 114,
119, 120
mobilization 14, 99, 113, 118, 121,
123, 191
Mobutu Sese Seko 1
modernization 34, 44; from above 62;
adjectives defining 55; assumptions
about 56, 69—70; broad 107; Communist
effect on 6; democratic (broad) 3, 15,
41, 43, 53; of education 148; failures at
6; flaws of Soviet 10; foreign examples
of 60; generational comparison of 34-6;
history of 2-9; meaning of 69-70;
media image of 13; Medvedev campaign
for 8, 11, 55, 56, 57, 61, 69—70; narrow
12, 13, 41,43, 52, 107; political 1; risks
in traditional monarchies 9; technology
and 14; thwarted 51—3; top-down 10;
see also newspapers in Russia; strong
state
modernization, economic 34-6, 65, 68, 71
modernization trap 5
Moi Krug (application) 117
Moi Mir (application) 117
monarchies 6, 9
money, allocation of 44
monitoring, controlling and 122, 125nl8
Moscow 115
Moscow Carnegie Centre 171
mothers, strike of 95
multiparty systems 28
multisectoral structures 133
Munro, Neil 39
Muscovite matrix 86
myth of authoritarian growth 7, 9
nano-level actions 114, 118—19, 124,
125nl3
nano-level politics 119—20, 122, 123
nanotechnology 133
Narodnyi députât, ND (People’s Deputy)
party 190
Nashi youth movement 99, 106
National Council on Pension Reform
175-6
national development system 139
national innovation system 130
nationalism 28
nationalization 14, 33, 133
National Priority Projects 128, 161—2
National Wealth Fund 88
nation-building 40
Nations in Transit (Freedom House) 73, 84
natural state countries 75, 84, 89—90n3,
91nl9
Navalny, Alexei 105—6, 107n2, 108nl0,
118, 119, 121, 124n3
Nazi Germany 46
Nemtsov, Boris 43, 169, 170
neopatrimonialism 12, 17, 86
neo-Soviet model 57
networked communication platforms 114
networks 96—7, 123—4
New Industrial Policy 130
newspapers in Russia 13, 55—72;
background 55—6; discussed 69—70;
materials and methods of 58—9; and
modernization 57—8; modernization in
2008 59—63; modernization in 2010
63—6; modernization in 2013 66—9
Nikolaenko, Sergei 89
nobility, the 41
no-go projects 163
Nokia 140
non-market risks 80
No Other Way (Inogo ne Dano):
Communist Party 30
norms 42
Index 209
North, Douglass: Violence and Social
Orders 75—6
North Korea 76
Norton, Edward 122
Novaya gazeta 59, 62-3, 69, 71
Novikova, Elena 86
Novosibirsk 106
nuclear industry 44, 137-41
nulevoe chtenie (zero reading) 176
Obama, Barack 119
Obshcherossiiskii narodnyi front (ONF)
see ONF (Obshcherossiiskii narodnyi
front)
Occupy Wall Street 113
Odnoklassniki (application) 117
Offe, Claus 22, 32
office equipment 187, 196n3
oil: exports 58; prices 2, 24, 60, 85, 88,
144, 173; production 64, 67, 87
okolo modernizatsiya (near-modernization)
56
old blood 191
old bureaucracy 170, 172, 174, 175,
177, 188
oligarchs 173
Olympic Games in Sochi 44, 50
ONF (Obshcherossiiskii narodnyi front)
14, 95-112, 101; background 95-7;
and corruption 103—5; and elections
98—9; and hybrid governance dilemma
97—8; second coming of 102-3, 108n8;
websites 99—100
“On Professional Pension Systems” 177—8
“On the Implementation of a Pilot
Project to Create a National Research
University” decree 141
“On the Investment of the Pension
Savings” law 177
open access order (OAO) 3, 75, 91nl9
Open Innovation Network 139-40
‘Opponents’website 100-1
opposition activism 122
opposition tools 118
Orange Revolution 73, 98-9
organization 120—1, 123
organizational devices 150
OVR (Fatherland-All Russia) party 190
Pakistan 60
Panin, Sergey 188
Panizza, Francisco 99
parametric reform 170—1
Pareto efficiency 136
parliament 22, 24
participation, political 113
particularism of Russia 41
party, national 24, 97, 143
party of the power 95
passivation 101
Pastukhov, Vladimir 86
patents 138
paternalism 13, 45, 52, 58
path dependency 40
Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox
Church 41
patriotism 40, 106
peasantry 41
pension fund (PFR, Pensionnyi fond
Rossii) 169-70, 171, 173, 175, 177
pension reforms 15, 166-82; background
166-8, 179n2; satisficing 176—8;
uncertainty of 172-6; young reformers
and 168-72
People’s Deputy (Narodnyi deputat, ND)
party 190
perceptions of state strength 41-2
perestroika 32; capital accumulation under
30; failure of 13; period (1985-1991)
23—4; the sixtiers and 26, 28—30;
Yakovlev and 25
persuasion in political discourse 99
Peter the Great 41, 46, 58, 62, 69
petition against the EGE 162
Petrov, Nikolay 96, 97
physical property rights (PPR) 81
Pietilainen, Jukka 13
Plan Putina 41
plugins 119, 122
Pochinok, Alexander 174, 175, 176, 196n7
pockets of efficiency 10, 18, 150, 151, 152
Poland 28, 60, 61
police reforms 196n2
policies 15-19, 69; Bolshevik 40; changes
in 2; compromises on 166, 167;
economic 128, 134; export-oriented
4; extinguishing a fire pension 172;
high-tech development 14; import
substitution 142; industrial 130—1;
populist 4; process implementation in
154, 157—61; of Putin 50; reforms 10,
150-1, 166; Stalinist 50; subsystems
150; teams 25—6; of young reformers
171, 179n8; see also education reforms;
labor reforms
policy cycle of education reforms 154—62
policymaking 25, 129, 135, 137, 184, 188
political: business cycles 4; control 14;
freedoms 9, 14; leaders 5, 25; parties 22;
reforms 33; stability 81; status quo 2, 10
210 Index
political impact of social network sites
123-4
political modernization 1, 34—6, 41, 61,
64-5, 68-71
politicians 24, 25, 99, 100, 103, 149—51,
166
politician’s dilemma 9, 10
politics 25; attitudes about 42; domestic
27; nano-level 122; social media and
114, 117—18; as theater 163
Polozov, Mikhail 189
popular will, concessions to 105
post-Communist Russia 1—2, 78, 167;
triple transition 22
post-election protests 98
post-liberalism see high-technology, post-
neoliberalism and
post-Soviet Russia 7; autocracies
84; economic transformation 129;
institution-building 17; modernization 6,
55; neopatrimonialism 12, 86; pension
system 169; personal networks 123—4;
value of ideas in 24
poverty and economic decline 76
power 12, 24, 49
pragmatism 23, 27, 30, 31—3, 102
Prague Spring 26, 27
Pravda 58—9, 69, 71
Pravda KPRF (Kommunisticheskaya
Partiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii) 59, 61—2
predatory state 14
predictions from Facebook likes 123
pre-Petrine history7 12
Presidential Commission on the
Improvement of the Unified State
Exam’s Implementation 162
presidential succession 190
prices 185
pride, national 52
Primakov, Yevgeny 26, 157, 189
privacy and social media 113
private capital 138
private sector 128
privatization 28, 30, 33, 131, 137-41, 144,
151, 173, 177-8, 179nl0
privatized companies 131
Program of Pension Reform 171-2
propaganda 11, 16, 44
property: of nobility 41; private 30, 78;
rights 11-14, ll 77-81, 90nl3, 90nl5;
state 30
Property- Rights Alliance (PRA) 80, 81
proposals, labor reform 187—8, 196n3
prosecutions, criminal 88
protests 11, 14, 97, 98; curbing 123;
political 9, 187; Putin on 121; social
media and 113, 115—16, 118—19; of
2011—2012 113, 121; website articles
about 100—1, 107n3
Przeworski, Adam 166
pseudodemocracy 53n2, 96
Public Chamber 99
public opinion 41—2, 47, 53n2, 71
public ownership 128
public-private funding 152
public services 14
public social network site pages 118—19
purchases, state 103—5, 108nl0
Putin, Vladimir: accomplishments 51;
authoritarian modernization under
62; and Bozhenov resignation 95—6;
challenges to 173; as creator of Russian
miracle 8; and decline of democracy in
Russia 89—90n3, 89n2; on development
model 128, 144; and “Development
of the Nuclear Industry of Russia in
2007—2010 and up to 2015” program
137; Dmitriev on 175; For Putin!
(Za Putina!) movement 102, 107n6;
industrial breakthrough announced by
136; on industry7 disintegration 137;
international recognition policy of
50; and Kirienko 191; on Labor Code
194, 196n9; and market competition
undermining 89; and modernization
55, 57, 61; and National Council on
Pension Reform 176; National Priority-
Projects 161—2; nominated as leader
101; and official rituals 36n2; and
pension reforms 172, 177; and policy
reforms 168; policy reforms of 168, 173,
178nl, 183; popular opinion changes
under 47, 48; preference for strong hand
of 51; reforms under 71, 151; return to
presidency of 74; on sanctions 143; on
street protesters 121; support for 45, 98,
107nl; and United Russia party 98-9; at
Victor} Day celebration 106
racketeering, state 86, 91n20
Radiation Technologies 139
rail war 193
R D 130-1, 132, 135, 137
raw materials 58, 129
Reagan, Ronald 32
real democratic modernization 60
realist school 50
recession 22, 45, 183
recidivist modernization 56
Red Army 48, 49
redistribution: of assets 80, 90-In 16;
of funds 156, 161; model of 151; of
resources 166
reform program 176
reforms 3, 61; economic 6, 151;
implementation of 10; market-
oriented 168; mental models of 25;
modernization as synonym for 60;
parametric 170-1; perestroika period
23; policy 4-5, 7, 10; public perception
of 11; under Putin 71; seventiers and
31—3; unpopular policy 149—51; under
Yeltsin 24; see also education reforms;
ideational agendas; labor reforms;
pension reforms
regime cycles 6, 9
regimes 3; authoritarian 2, 9, 23, 39,
75; consolidated authoritarian 74;
consolidation of 39; disequilibrium of 7;
electoral authoritarian 4—5, 14, 23, 43,
117; hybrid 53n2, 75, 96; nondemocratic
149; personalist 4-5; semi-consolidated
authoritarian 74; transitional or hybrid
73; weaknesses of 13, 51
regression 75-6
regulations: of Internet 115—16; of labor
relations 185; legal challenges to 84;
media 115—16; social media 115—16
renationalizations 136—7
rent-seeking 4, 6, 12, 88, 129, 173
rents extraction 86
repression 28, 43, 107; for business
activities 86; post-Stalin rejection of
6; under Putin 74, 89n2; as tool of
governance 6
research centers 144
Reserve Fund 88
resource state 86
return to Leninism 28
Reuter, John 117-18, 124
revolutions 122, 123
RIA Nov os ti 102
risks 80, 97
rituals, Communist 31, 36n2
Rodrik, Dani 1
Rogozin, Dmitry 142
Rohozinski, Rafal 116
Rosatom 14, 130, 133, 138-41,
140, 144
Index 211
Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation
137-8
Rose, Richard 39, 45
Rosneft 87, 88
Rossiiskaya gazeta (RG) 58, 59, 60, 63,
69, 95
Rostec (Russian Technologies) 133, 144
ruble: collapse of 50; exchange rate of 128
rule of law 11-12, 13-14, 14-15,
80-7,81
Rule of Law Index (RLI) 82-3
Runet (Russian segment of Internet)
113-15,121
rural schools networks 14, 153, 154, 161
Rusnano 134, 140
Russia: as electoral authoritarian regime
22-3, 39; ideology of 77; institutional
performance of 11 -12; international
relations of 49-50; as laboratory of
authoritarian modernization 3; political
governance in 14; reformist years of
168; rule of law in 82; self-estimation
of 11 —12; self-isolation of 11; social
network sites in 14; social reforms in
151; uniqueness and special path of 8;
see also authoritarian modernization in
Russia
Russian Conference of Educators
( Vserossiiskoe soveschanie rabotnnikov
obrazovaniya) 157
Russian Federal Nuclear Centre—VNIIEF
(RFNCVNIIEF) 140-1
Russian Helicopters 133
Russian Ministry7 of Economic
Development 87
Russian People’s Fund see ONF
(Obshcherossiiskii narodnyi front)
Russian Public Opinion Research Center
(WCIOM) 61
Russian Technologies (Rostec) 133, 144
Russian Venture Company (RVC) 134, 140
Sadovnichii, Viktor 157
safety7 standards 186
Sakhalin Island 106
sanctions 52, 141—3
Sarov Technopark 140-1
satisficing 168, 176-8
Saykin, Valery7 176, 194
schisms 73
Schmidt, Vivien 99
school curriculum 152
schools, integrations of 153
212 Index
schoolteachers, bribery of 152
scientific research 135
security, national 137
security forces (siloviki) 86
security of individuals 113
Segerberg, Alexandra 121
selection in policy process 154
Seleznev, Gennady 190
self-centered economy 144
self-governance of workers 28
self-management of state enterprises 28
Selivanov, Andrei 192
Semenov, Dmitry 187
semi-consolidated authoritarian regimes 74
sequencing, developmental 5
service state 86
Sevastopol 44
seventiers, the 13, 23, 26, 30, 31—3, 35—6
Shadrikov, Vladimir 157
Shandy bin, MP 189
Share buttons 114
shared mental model, ideology as 24—5
Share plugin 119
sharing and liking 121—3
shipbuilding industry7 133, 137, 142,
143, 144
Siemens 140
siloviki (security7 forces) 25, 86
Simon, Herbert 168
Singapore 77, 90nl 1
Sirkkunen, Esa 114
Sistema 140
sixtiers, the 13, 23; and Marxism 29; and
perestroika 26, 28-30; reforms of 35—6
Skocpol, Theda 150
Skolkovo 140
slacktivism 122, 125nl5
Slavophiles 47, 49—50
Smolin, Oleg 156
Sochi 44, 50
social aspects of modernization 61
social experimentation 163
socialism 28; with a human face 29, 34
social media 99; background 114; in
politics 114; regulation of 115 — 16;
Russian 113, 124n2; state control of 113
social network sites and political
governance 14, 113—27; background
113 — 14; content 114; dangers of liking
and sharing 121-3; dual nature of
117—18; memes sharing 120—1; nano-
level activity 119—20; and particularity
of the Runet 114-15; political impact of
123—4; and politics 118—19; software
applications for 115-16; VKontakte vs.
Facebook 116-17
social order 88
social policy models 151
Social Protection Adjustment Loan 169
social security 185, 187
social services 43
society7: archaic 58; Medvedev criticism of
58; and modernization 62; orders of 75
socio-cultural modernization 69
socio-economic development 2, 7—8
socio-political modernization 69—70
soft authoritarian countries 74
Sokhey, Sarah Wilson 178
South Korea 5
South Ossetian conflict 60— 1
sovetpri prezidente (presidential council)
176
Soviet: foreign policy 27; ideological
censorship 29; leaders and glasnost
23-4; legacies 130; system 22, 30, 31
Soviet All-Union Central Council of Trade
Unions 193
Soviet Congress of People’s Deputies 24
Soviet labor code of 1971 {KZoT, Kodeks
zakonov o trude) 185, 189
Soviet Sobes background 170, 179n6
Soviet Union 22—3, 26; collapse of 7,
27, 40, 129; disbanding of 24; failure
of socialism in the 28; Medvedev
on 48; modernization failure of 10,
58; perception of a good 7; R D
development from the 130, 141; rule of
law in former 82; seventiers and the 32;
sixtiers and 30; and the Thaw experience
26; welfare model 43; Yeltsin and
dissolution of the 24
SPS (Union of Right Forces) 60, 190
spying on citizens 113, 124nl
stabilization of government 61
stable authoritarianism 96
stagnation, period of 26, 27
Stalin, Joseph 62, 69; attitude toward
47—8; authoritarian modernization under
6, 62; death of 28; historical necessity of
46; role in history7 of 47
Stalingrad 98
Stalinism 28, 29, 46, 49
Starodubtsev, Andrey 14-15, 167
state: autonomy 150; celebrations 46;
control of citizens 121—3; corporations
ownership 133; holdings 133; identity -
Index 213
building 46; ownership 135-6;
racketeering 86; raiding 86; role of
13; support of industries 144; violent
entrepreneurship 86
state-building 2, 5, 173
State Duma labor committee 176
state—society relations 48
statism (gosudarstvennichestvo) 41, 87
statism (derzhavniki) orientation 47, 50
status quo 129, 171; education 156; labor
reform 190; pension system 15, 171,
175; political 2, 7, 10, 16; pressures
groups and 155; seventiers and 31-2,
34; sixtiers and 30
status-seeking 11
Strategy-2010 169, 174, 175, 192
Strategy of Innovative Development of the
Russian Federation for the Period up to
2020 (Innovatsionnaya Rossiva, 2010)
134
street protests 118-19
strikes 95-6, 191
strong hand 48, 51
strong state 11, 39-54; background
39- 41; demands for 13; history of
45- 9; international relations and 49—51;
material and symbolic dimensions of
41-3; modernization of 51—3; welfare
system in 43—5
structural potentials 150
studies: Competitiveness of Manufacturing
Industries 80; Crimea annexation 50, 52;
EGE efficiency 162; on election fairness
118; expansion of territory 52-3; history
46- 7; on the judiciary 86; Levada-
Center 42, 43-5, 46; on monitoring
Facebook likes 123; Olympic Games
in Sochi 44, 50; on organizing 120-1;
political attitude 42; property rights 79,
90nnl3—14; rule of law 81—6; on social
networks 117-18, 122, 125n9, 125nll;
society under Stalin 48—9; strong state
51 -2; superpower status 50 -1; Victory
Day 46; website visits 99, 107n2;
welfare state 43-5
suffering, national 46
superpower standing 45, 49-50
symbolic markers 40— 1, 51
symbols: money allocation for 44; of
strong hand 51; of strong state 13,39,
40- 3, 50—1; Victory Day 46; see also
material interests
Syria 90n6
systemic liberals 183, 196nl
Sysuev, Oleg 169, 170, 171, 188
Szakonyi, David 117-18, 124
Tactical Missiles Concern 133
Tak Zhit ’Nel ’zya (We Can’t Live Like
This) (Govorukhin) 30
Tambovtsev, Vitaly 89
target groups 148, 149
teachers 152, 154, 157, 161, 162
teams, policy 25-6
technology 58, 60, 61; advancements in 8;
balance of payments 132; information
14; see also high-technology, post-
neoliberalism and
television 58, 95, 99, 103, 118
termination in policy process 154, 157—61
Thatcher, Margaret 32
Thaw period 23, 26, 28-9, 31
think tanks 151, 155
Tikhonov, Aleksandr 155
TNK-BP 87
Toepfl, Florian 115
Tolz, Vera 40
trade liberalization 142
transitional countries 73, 76, 90n6
transitional regimes 73
transparency laws 104-5
Travin, Dmitry 13, 36nl
triple transition 22
trolling 116
Tsentr strategic he skikh razrabotok (CSR,
Center for Strategic Research) 151, 156,
157, 158, 168, 191
Tsygankov, Andrei 39-40, 49—50
Twitter 115, 117
Ukraine 53, 73, 75, 77-80, 81-3, 167;
conflict in 8, 10; Orange Revolution in
98-9
Ukrainian crisis 43, 47, 49, 52—3
unemployment 185, 186
unemployment insurance 187
Unified State Exam (EGE, Edinyi
gossudarstvennyi ekzamen) 14—15,
148, 152, 153-4, 161-2
Union of Right Forces (SPS) 60, 190
United Aircraft Corporation (UAC)
133, 144
United Russia parts’ (UR) 62, 95, 97,
98-101, 103, 195; websites 99
United Shipbuilding Corporation (USC)
133,144
214 Index
Unity (Edinstvo) party 173—4, 190—1
Universiada (Kazan) 44
universities 141, 148, 152
uranium 137—8
Uzbekistan 83
Valitova, Lilia 89
values 42, 61
Varov, Vladimir 188, 189
VEB (Development Bank) 134
Venezuela 76
venture funds 140
Victoiy Day (VD) 46, 47, 106
Vietnam 62
Violence and Social Orders (North, Wallis,
Weingast) 75—6
violent economy 86
violent state interventionism 87
VKontakte (In Contact) 113—14, 115, 117,
120, 123, 124; vs. Facebook 116-17
Vnesheconombank 177
Volgograd oblast 95—6, 98—9, 105—6
Volkov, Vadim 86
Voronin, Yuri 170, 174
voters 24, 101
vouchers, educational 14-15, 148,
152, 153
Vpered, Rossiya! (“Go Russia”):
Medvedev 57—8
Vserossiiskoe soveschanie rabotnnikov
obrazovaniya (Russian Conference of
Educators) 157
Vserossiyskaya konfederatsiya profsoyuzov
(All-Russian Confederation of Labor
Unions) 193
VTB 140
vulnerable people, protection of 44
wages 135, 185
Wallis, John: Violence and Social Orders
75-6
wars 46, 62
war veterans 46
Washington Consensus 129—30, 143, 186
Way Lucan 96
WCIOM (Russian Public Opinion
Research Center) 61
wealth of population 85
websites: Medvedev article on President’s
57; and user behaviour 14, 99—100, 101,
102-3, 107n3, 113-14, 115-16
We Can’t Live Like This (Tak Zhit
NeVzya) (Govorukhin) 30
WEF (World Economic Forum) 79
Weingast, Barn7: Violence and Social
Orders 15—6
welfare reform 186
welfare state 43—5
Western corporations 136, 142, 144
Westernization 13, 47, 49—50, 56, 62,
69-71
WGI (Worldwide Governance
Indicators) 81
White, Stephen 118, 123
winning coalitions 5
Witte, Sergei 41, 69
WJP (World Justice Project) 82
workers 41
working groups 192, 193, 194, 196n8
workplace safety 185
World Bank 81,”169, 171, 188; Doing
Business rating 89
World Economic Forum (WEF) 79
World Justice Project (WJP) 82
World Value Survey (WVS) 76, 90n7
worldviews 7
World War II 49
Worldwide Governance Indicators
(WGI) 81
Yabloko political party 91n20, 189
Yakovlev, Alexander 25
Yandex 107n2, 117
Yavlinsky, Grigory 91n20
Yeltsin, Boris 25, 32, 47, 172; Gorbachev
rivalry with 25—6; labor reform veto
190; reforms under 24, 151, 169,
179n3; support for 171; transformation
recession under 24
Yew, Lee Kwan 1,18
young reformers 15, 168—72, 171, 188
youth movements 99
YouTube 115
Yugoslav Communists 29—30
Yugoslavia 28
Yurchenko, Vassily 106
Yurevich, Mikhail 106
Za chestnye zakupki (For Fair
Purchases) 103
Zaostrovtsev, Andrey 13—14
Za Putina! (For Putin) movement 107n6
Zavtra 59, 61—2, 69, 71
zero reading (nulevoe chtenie) 176
Zhivoi Zhurnal (LiveJoumal) 124n2
zigzag phenomenon 22—3
Zurabov, Mikhail 173-4, 175, 176, 177-8
Zyuganov, Gennady 62, 107n3
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author2 | Gelʹman, Vladimir Jakovlevič 1965- |
| author2_role | edt |
| author2_variant | v j g vj vjg |
| author_GND | (DE-588)121498867 |
| author_facet | Gelʹman, Vladimir Jakovlevič 1965- |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV043759230 |
| callnumber-first | J - Political Science |
| callnumber-label | JN6695 |
| callnumber-raw | JN6695 |
| callnumber-search | JN6695 |
| callnumber-sort | JN 46695 |
| classification_rvk | MG 85070 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)960076529 (DE-599)BVBBV043759230 |
| dewey-full | 320.530947 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 320 - Political science (Politics and government) |
| dewey-raw | 320.530947 |
| dewey-search | 320.530947 |
| dewey-sort | 3320.530947 |
| dewey-tens | 320 - Political science (Politics and government) |
| discipline | Politologie |
| format | Book |
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| genre | (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content |
| genre_facet | Aufsatzsammlung |
| geographic | Russia (Federation) Politics and goverment 1991- Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Russia (Federation) Politics and goverment 1991- Russland |
| id | DE-604.BV043759230 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:34:20Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781472465412 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 016011557 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029170617 |
| oclc_num | 960076529 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG |
| owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-12 DE-473 DE-BY-UBG |
| physical | viii, 214 Seiten Diagramme |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateSearch | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Studies in contemporary Russia |
| spelling | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics edited by Vladimir Gel'man London ; New York Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 2017 © 2017 viii, 214 Seiten Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies in contemporary Russia Authoritarianism Russia (Federation) Post-communism Russia (Federation) Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd rswk-swf Modernisierung (DE-588)4120755-5 gnd rswk-swf Russia (Federation) Politics and goverment 1991- Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 s Modernisierung (DE-588)4120755-5 s DE-604 Gelʹman, Vladimir Jakovlevič 1965- (DE-588)121498867 edt Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-1-3155-6842-3 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029170617&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029170617&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register |
| spellingShingle | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics Authoritarianism Russia (Federation) Post-communism Russia (Federation) Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd Modernisierung (DE-588)4120755-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4256521-2 (DE-588)4120755-5 (DE-588)4076899-5 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics |
| title_auth | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics |
| title_exact_search | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics |
| title_full | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics edited by Vladimir Gel'man |
| title_fullStr | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics edited by Vladimir Gel'man |
| title_full_unstemmed | Authoritarian modernization in Russia ideas, institutions, and politics edited by Vladimir Gel'man |
| title_short | Authoritarian modernization in Russia |
| title_sort | authoritarian modernization in russia ideas institutions and politics |
| title_sub | ideas, institutions, and politics |
| topic | Authoritarianism Russia (Federation) Post-communism Russia (Federation) Autoritärer Staat (DE-588)4256521-2 gnd Modernisierung (DE-588)4120755-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Authoritarianism Russia (Federation) Post-communism Russia (Federation) Autoritärer Staat Modernisierung Russia (Federation) Politics and goverment 1991- Russland Aufsatzsammlung |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029170617&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029170617&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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