E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë: (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi)
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Albanian |
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Prishtinë
Instituti Albanologjik
2006
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 215 Seiten 1 Karte |
| ISBN: | 9951411282 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë
211
PËRMBAJTJA
faqe
SHKURTIMET, SHENJAT E TRANSKRIPTIMIT
DHE SHENJAT DIAKRITIKE TË PËRDORURA.................. 5
Shenja transkriptimi dhe shenja diakritike........... 7
HYRJE................................................ 9
PJESA E PARË
MORFOLOGJIA........................................... 31
A. PJESËT E NDRYSHUESHME TË L1GJËRATËS 33
EMRI.................................................. 33
Gjinia e emrave....................................... 33
Gjinia mashkullore.................................... 34
Gjinia femërore...................................... 36
Gjinia asnjanëse...................................... 37
Formimi i gjinive................................... 40
Numri i emrit......................................... 41
Shumësi i emrave mashkullore........................ 42
Shumësi i mashkullorëve me mbaresën -a................ 42
Shumësi me -e....................................... 44
Shumësi i emrave mashkullorë me mbaresën zéro......... 46
Shumësi i emrave mashkullorë me palatalizim........... 47
Shumësi me -j....................................... 49
Shumësi me -na...................................... 50
Shumësi me -en...................................... 50
Shumësi me metafoni .............................. 50
Shumësi i emrave femërore............................ 51
Shumësi i emrave asnjanës............................. 53
Emra qe përdoren vetëm në njëjës (singularia tantum). 53
Emra që përdoren vetëm në shumes (pluralia tantum)... 54
Rasat dhe tipat e lakimit të emrave................... 55
Gjinorja dhe dhanorja................................. 56
Rasa kallëzore........................................ 56
212 Bajraitt Mehmetaj
Rasa thirrore....................................... 57
Rasa rrjedhore...................................... 58
Nyja................................................ 65
MBIEMRI............................:.............. 67
NUMËRORËT........................................... 69
PËREMRI............................................. 71
Përemrat vetorë................................... 71
Përemri vetvetor................................... 73
Përemrat dëftorë.................................... 74
Përemrat pyetës..................................... 76
Përemrat e pacaktuar................................ 77
Përemrat pronorë.................................... 80
FOLJA............................................... 85
MËNYRA DËFTORE...................................... 86
Koha e tashme....................................... 86
Koha e tashme e diatezës pësore-vetvetore........... 88
Koha e pakryer...................................... 89
E pakryera e diatezës pësore-vetvetore.............. 90
Koha e kryer e thjeshtë............................. 91
Koha e kryer........................................ 93
E kryera e plotë.................................. 94
E kryera e tejshkuar................................ 95
Kohët e përbëra të dyta............................. 95
Koha e ardhme (futuri).............................. 96
Format aspektive.................................... 97
MËNYRA LIDHORE...................................... 99
MËNYRA KUSHTORE.................................... 100
MËNYRA HABITORE.................................... 101
MËNYRA DËSHIRORE................................... 103
MËNYRA URDHËRORE................................... 104
MËNYRAT E PASHTJELLUARA............................ 105
Pjesoria........................................... 105
Paskajorja......................................... 107
Përcjellorja..................................... 108
PJESËT E PANDRYSHUESHME TË LIGJËRATËS............. 109
NDAJFOLJA.......................................... 111
Ndajfolje vendi.................................... 111
Ndajfolje kohe..................................... 112
E foJmja e Deçanit me rrethinë 213
Ndajfolje menyre....................................... 112
Ndajfolje sasie...................................... 113
PARAFJALA.............................................. 115
LIDHËZA................................................ 117
PJESËZA................................................ 119
PASTHIRRMA............................................. 121
PJESA E DYTË
FJALËFORMIMI........................................... 125
PREJARDHJA (AFIKSIMI).................................. 129
FORMIMII FJALËVE ME PARASHTESA......................... 129
Parashtesa ç-.......................................... 130
Parashtesa k-.......................................... 130
Parashtesa kaça-....................................... 131
Parashtesa kala-....................................... 131
Parashtesa kara-....................................... 131
Parashtesa m-......................................... 131
Parashtesa n-.......................................... 132
Parashtesa ñer- ....................................... 133
Parashtesa pa-......................................... 133
Parashtesa para-, par-................................. 134
Parashtesa per- (per-)................................. 134
Parashtesa po-......................................... 136
Parashtesa s-.......................................... 136
Parashtesa stër- (stër-)............................. 137
Parashtesa sh-....................................... 137
Parashtesa sliper- .................................... 138
Parashtesa t-......................................... 138
Parashtesa z-.......................................... 138
Parashtesa zh-......................................... 138
FORMIMI PRAPASHTESOR I FJALËVE......................... 141
Prapashtesa -acak...................................... 141
Prapashtesa -aj, -a:j.................................. 142
Prapashtesa —ak........................................ 143
Prapashtesa -an........................................ 144
Prapashtesa -ar, fern, -are............................ 145
Prapashtesa -a : t .................................... 145
Prapashtesa —.......................................... 146
214 Bajram Mehmetaj
Prapashtesa-a : v, -ávt................................... 146
Prapashtesa -c............................................... 147
Prapashtesa -ge.............................................. 147
Prapashtesa -ec............................................. 148
Prapashtesa -g : jk.......................................... 148
Prapashtesa -gl, -ele........................................ 149
Prapashtesa -e : s .......................................... 149
Prapashtesa-e : sh .......................................... 149
Prapashtesa -éz.............................................. 150
Prapashtesa e turqishtes -hóne............................... 150
Prapashtesa-i:............................................ 150
Prapashtesa -i : c........................................... 151
Prapashtesa -im.............................................. 151
Prapashtesa -i: m............................................ 152
Prapashtesa-i : n............................................ 152
Prapashtesa-i : s............................................ 153
Prapashtesa -(i) sht......................................... 153
Prapashtesa -i : sht......................................... 154
Prapashtesa -i : t........................................... 154
Prapashtesa -z............................................ 155
Prapashtesat turke -1er, -llak, -llar..................... 155
Prapashtesa -li........................................... 155
Prapashtesa -m............................................ 155
Prapashtesa -ni........................................... 156
Prapashtesa -nik.......................................... 156
Prapashtesa -o-........................................... 156
Prapashtesat -oc, -og, -ok, -ole.......................... 157
Prapashtesa -oj........................................... 157
Prapashtesa -or........................................... 158
Prapashtesa -ore.......................................... 158
Prapashtesa -osh (-oshe).................................. 158
Prapashtesa-o : t......................................... 158
Prapashtesa -s / -c....................................... 159
Prapashtesa -shém......................................... 159
Prapashtesa -shti......................................... 160
Prapashtesa -tar.......................................... 160
Prapashtesa-t............................................. 161
Prapashtesa -tore (-atore)................................ 161
E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë___________________215
Prapashtesa-uc................................. 162
Prapashtesa-u:k (-uk)........................ 162
Prapashtesa-û : r) (-ungë)..................... 162
Prapashtesa -ush, -u : sh...................... 162
Prapashtesa -ir.shk............................ 163
Prapashtesa -xhi............................. 163
Prapashtesa —z................................. 163
FORMIMI PARASHTESO - PRAPASHTESOR
I FJALËVE...................................... 165
PARANY JËZIMI.................................. 167
FORMIMI I FJALËVE TË PËRBËRA (KOMPOZIMI)..... 167
FORMIMI I FJALËVE ME KONVERSION................ 175
FJALËFORMIMI ME PËRNGJITJE..................... 177
MËNYRAT E PËRZIERA TË FJALËFORMIMIT............ 179
PËRFUNDIME..................................... 181
CONCLUSIONS.................................... 187
TEKSTE....................................... 193
LITERATUR A ................................. 205
PËRMBAJTJA..................................... 211
E folmja e Desanit me rrethiné
205
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lindore (Dardania e Maqedonia Veriperëndimore),
në Studime gjuhësore, I, (Dialektologji), Prishtinë,
1978, f. 105-150.
Xhuvani, Aleksandër - Çabej, Eqrem, Parashtesat e gjuhës
shqipe, në Studime gjuhësore, III, Prishtinë, 1976,
f. 149-186.
Xhuvani, Aleksandër - Çabej, Eqrem, Prapashtesat e gjuhës
shqipe, në Studime gjuhësore, III, Prishtinë, 1976,
f. 191-298.
E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë
187
CONCLUSIONS
The sub - dialect of Deçani and its region is one of sub -
dialects of Dukagjini Plain, which is a constituent part of the
North - eastern Gheg. Sub - dialects of the North - eastern
Gheg, which geographically are widely spread (in comparison
with other Kosova’s sub - dialects) constitute a group of close
(adjacent) sub - dialects.
Linguistic material of the most of these sub - dialects is
picked up (gathered) and studied by various linguists and that
way is ensured a general knowledge (information) about these
sub - dialects. The linguistic material of this study aims at
pointing out some morphological and word - formation
phenomena of North - eastern Gheg in the sub - dialect of this
region.
Besides many close points with other sub - dialects, this
sub -dialect has preserved dialectical characteristic features and
phenomena of a special interest, which distinguish this one
from others of the sub - dialect group where it belongs. Some of
these distinctive characteristic features are the following ones:
1. Other than some North - eastern Gheg sub -
dialects, in this sub - dialect some nouns are used in
masculine gender e. x. dritni, clilli, pylli, loti, shorti,
while nouns of feminine gender are: nera, libra,
pjepna, far va etc.
2. In this sub - dialect it is still preserved the neuter
gender of nouns, which can be clearly noted when
they are accompanied with their determinants
(finîtes): ktci rnish, çata djath, kta kta kos etc.
188
Bajram Mehmetaj
3. The plural of masculine nouns is variegated in this
sub - dialect. A frequent usage has the plural with -
a, which could be considered a common
characteristic of all sub - dialects of Dukagjini
Plain.
4. Nouns in the masculine that end with k, g, h, the
most of them in definite case take ending -i: mik-i,
zog-iy pleh-i while nouns in the masculine that end
with a long vowel, like: clhe, shi, kd etc., in the
definite case they take -u: dhe-ii, shi-u, thi-ii, ka-u.
5. Instead of the possessive in the second person
plural, possession in singular and plural, it is used
the personal pronoun in genitive case i,e juve
(djali) juve, djemt e juve; qika juve, gikat e juve
etc.).
6. The verbal system of this verb is characterized with
many form variations, many of which are levelled
through analogy and there are created the new ones.
Among the forms of tenses, besides others, in
narrative style there are frequently used in the
second forms of compound tenses, especially the
second perfect (tense) and the second pluperfect
(past perfect tense). Some of forms of the tenses, as
for instance future perfect of the type do te kem
punuar the second pluperfect (diathesis passive-
reflexive) and the present in the conditional, they
are not used so frequently.
7. Some verbal forms of 1st conjugation, 1st class, 2nd
subclass of passive-reflexive diathesis, and some
other verbs of 2nd conjugation, 2nd class of passive
(voice) diathesis appear with two forms: it pinci - it
pTvci, it slitrg.ua - it shtrqvci, it jrtna- it ijrivet; pjeket -
poqa,, njeka - noqa, mjela - mold etc.
E folmja e Deganit me rrethine
189
8. The verb ndez appears in the form dhe:z, e. x. gou
e dheze zjgrmin // a ki me dhe:z? The words
formed from it appear in the very same form: i
dhezun “i ndezur”, t dhe:znet e pushkve, i
merdhezun “become so flushed in its face5’.
9. The verb tubes, and all its forms, among the new
educated generation is used jes: 6 je:t pa bule:t //
ish je:t per vjesht // etc.
10. The verb perendon occurs rotated (rotacizem)
praron a preron: praroj di:lli //.
11. The usage of unaltered parts of speech is more
and more frequent, and it means that a strong
pressure of the standard (Albanian) language is
being exerted for the elimination of dialectic
variations and characteristic features of this sub -
dialect of this region.
12. The vocabulary of this sub - dialect is very rich
and it occurs with a range of its own characteristic
phenomena. There appear rare words, e. x. kukel-
i denoting “hard situation, almost irresolvable;
danger”, sel-i “a very bad weather which is very
dangerous and makes life (almost) impossible: 6
sel i fort sivjet = it is very cold (severe) winter
this year”, ballgur “ thick grinded (grits) flour
which is used as animal nutriment (provender)”,
bas-i “talk”, xhakbome-ja “a woman with bad
behaviour who may inflict conflicts even
killings”, rri:zh~a “a runway built in river beds
for transportation of wood an timber (material)”,
japdnxh-a “the shepherds’ clothes (wear) like
mantle”, “rolled thread consisting of several
wicks”, me tazi:t “cosiness, to calm”, me cez,nu;t
“to hasten, to speed up”, m’u zori:t “to be short
of something (to shrink)”.
190
Bajram Mehmetaj
Frequent use of expressions with figurative meaning
and phraseology is one of the characteristic features of
this region, e. x. i cofi morri (, he/she is finished), ja
hoijer xheli kapsollin (he/she lost his power, right,
he/she grew lean), din mej ra: nor (he/she knows how to
get out of difficult situation), e kullotci livadhin (I got
old) etc.
13. In the field of word - formation there are also
many distinctive characteristic features with the
interest for dialectology. As such are suffixes: -
e:jk, which form nouns of feminine gender with
pejorative meaning: gyrre:jk, morrq:jk, ligq:jk
etc.; the suffix -i:je, which forms the plural of
certain nouns as for instance: malirje, shpcitirje,
rrahi:je etc.; ~ez, which forms the feminine
gender te vigil, edhit, qengjit: vigez, edhez,
kinxhez; -a:t, with which there are formed some
rare verbs: lula:t “to fill chock-fully”, thekcnt
“horn tingled” etc.
14. One of distinctive characteristics is also a very
rich toponymy where are preserved many archaic
words and there are also notable various ways of
word - formation, like composites, compounds,
syntagms, e. x. Gomuri, Kelkerjci, Gropat e Zezci,
Gurrzheli, Delnjt, Hupujt, Tedeli, Kroni Flak,
Ujtvjerr, Tu kce:jn draijojt etc.
15. With the intention to make clear a linguistic
phenomenon, in certain cases this sub - dialect is
compared with some others of the North - eastern
Gheg, but the problem is not dealt in details. The
same, the issues relating to historical study of
linguistic problems in this sub - dialect are dealt
very little, only in certain special cases. I have
E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë
191
done so fearing that I could digress from the
subject and its theme
16. The data about dwelling-places and population of
the region makes the introduction of the book
more or less, a long one. However I consider this
to be reasonable, because Mediaeval documents
of Deçani Monastery and other material of
historiography which deals with the dwelling-
places and ethnos of the region, as well as many
toponyms and anthroponyms of the region may be
used to enlighten many problems, including some
other sub - dialect of Dukagjini Plain.
17. Through morphology and word - formation dealt
in the study, could not be included all linguistic
fields of this sub - dialect, therefore I think that it
is necessary to study as well as phonetics, syntax,
vocabulary (lexis) and toponymy of this region. In
this way it would be written a more completed
monograph of this sub - dialect, and at the same
time certain problems which perhaps are dealt this
time superficially, would be deeply and
completely treated. This would be of great
importance for Albanian dialectology and for the
history of Albanian language.
18. For my contribution in this study I have been
unsparingly backed by my mentor, Professor Latif
Mulaku, so I would like to express my deep
respect and gratefulness to him for this immense
help.
Translated from Albanian into English
by Mehmet Gërguri
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| geographic_facet | Großgemeinde Dečani |
| id | DE-604.BV043752006 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-10T07:34:09Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9951411282 |
| language | Albanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-029163553 |
| oclc_num | 958111430 |
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| physical | 215 Seiten 1 Karte |
| publishDate | 2006 |
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| publisher | Instituti Albanologjik |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Mehmetaj, Bajram Verfasser aut E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) Bajram Mehmetaj Prishtinë Instituti Albanologjik 2006 215 Seiten 1 Karte txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 gnd rswk-swf Nordostgegisch (DE-588)7748656-0 gnd rswk-swf Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 gnd rswk-swf Morphologie Linguistik (DE-588)4170560-9 gnd rswk-swf Wortbildung (DE-588)4066957-9 gnd rswk-swf Großgemeinde Dečani (DE-588)103192213X gnd rswk-swf Großgemeinde Dečani (DE-588)103192213X g Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 s Nordostgegisch (DE-588)7748656-0 s Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 s Morphologie Linguistik (DE-588)4170560-9 s Wortbildung (DE-588)4066957-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029163553&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029163553&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029163553&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Mehmetaj, Bajram E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 gnd Nordostgegisch (DE-588)7748656-0 gnd Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 gnd Morphologie Linguistik (DE-588)4170560-9 gnd Wortbildung (DE-588)4066957-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4056449-6 (DE-588)7748656-0 (DE-588)4112482-0 (DE-588)4170560-9 (DE-588)4066957-9 (DE-588)103192213X |
| title | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) |
| title_auth | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) |
| title_exact_search | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) |
| title_full | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) Bajram Mehmetaj |
| title_fullStr | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) Bajram Mehmetaj |
| title_full_unstemmed | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) Bajram Mehmetaj |
| title_short | E folmja e Deçanit me rrethinë |
| title_sort | e folmja e decanit me rrethine morfologjia dhe fjaleformimi |
| title_sub | (morfologjia dhe fjalëformimi) |
| topic | Sprache (DE-588)4056449-6 gnd Nordostgegisch (DE-588)7748656-0 gnd Albanisch (DE-588)4112482-0 gnd Morphologie Linguistik (DE-588)4170560-9 gnd Wortbildung (DE-588)4066957-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sprache Nordostgegisch Albanisch Morphologie Linguistik Wortbildung Großgemeinde Dečani |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029163553&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029163553&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=029163553&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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